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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Socio-economic status'
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1
De, Agostini Paola. "Nutrition, health and socio-economic status." Thesis, University of Essex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446003.
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Clancy, Rosemary. "Childhood bilingualism : socio-economic status and cognitive gains /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1990. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR.PS/09ar.psc587.pdf.
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Matthews, Catherine E. "Socio-economic status, student perceptions and college readiness." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2008/c_matthews_112508.pdf.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--Washington State University, December 2008.Title from PDF title page (viewed on Apr. 17, 2009). "Department of Educational Leadership and Counseling Psychology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-169).
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Pises, Buranasombati McCarthy John R. "A qualitative study of low socio-economic status students in a predominantly high socio-economic status college in Bangkok, Thailand (Bangkok Business College)." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1995. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9633386.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1995.Title from title page screen, viewed May 16, 2006. Dissertation Committee: John R. McCarthy (chair), Larry D. Kennedy, David L. Tucker, Lemuel W. Watson. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-88) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Barry, Jennifer Elizabeth Wright David. "The effect of socio-economic status on academic achievement subtitle /." Diss., A link to full text of this thesis in SOAR, 2006. http://soar.wichita.edu/dspace/handle/10057/616.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Sociology."December 2006." Title from PDF title page (viewed on Sept. ., 2007). Thesis adviser: David Wright. Includes bibliographic references (leaves 27-29).
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Macharper, Anthony G. "Survival from cancer and socio-economic status in South Australia /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MPM/09mpmm149.pdf.
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Mashilwane, Mahlotle Pauline. "Socio-economic status and their impact on scholastic performance (achievement)." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2082.
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Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2001.The aim of this study was to examine the impact of socio-economic factors on scholastic performance (achievement) ofleamers in the secondary school. The study was conducted in the Southern Region of the Northern Province, in the Nebo District. The Southern Regio which is made up of basically Nebo and Sekhukhune, forms part of the former Lebowa and is basically rural. A literature study was-conducted, which unravelled and brought into surface factors of social and economic nature, which are contrary to effective learning and contributes towards poor performance, especially in public secondary schools. Literature study revealed that learners from disadvantaged backgrounds especially in the rural communities have their learning process heavily affected and disturbed by social and economic factors. An empirical survey was also conducted to establish the views and opinions of parents, educators and the learners themselves. A qualitative research method was used. Letebele Marishane Secondary School in Ngwaritsi circuit was used as a case study. Educators completed questionnaire whilst learners and parents were engaged in focus group interviews (discussion groups). Information gathered through observations was also taken into account. Both the literature review and the empirical survey agreed that the learner's background that is his/her family, home environment; his/her neighbourhood and other factors of economic and social nature can impact positively or negatively on performance in the classroom. That is, according to information gathered, learners from advantaged backgrounds stand a better chance in the classroom than learners from disadvantaged backgrounds. It is evident therefore that poverty that prevails amongst the rural communities impacts on learning and performance in the examination and other classroom activities.
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Šklubalová, Tereza. "Socio-economic context in pharmaceutical industry." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150015.
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The introductory part of the diploma thesis deals with the concept of health and the factors that influence it. The aim is to grasp the effect of socioeconomic status on the health and to analyze complementary and alternative medicines. The specificity of the health market, the expenditures on the health service, subjects which finance a health care, the state health policy focusing on drug policy and pharmacoeconomic are remarked. The paper also refers to the history of drugs and medicines, their consumption and development in conjunction with pharmacoeconomic. Marketing mix in terms of pharmacy describes the product (i.e. a drug) and its life cycle, the price and price control in the Czech Republic, distribution and promotion associated with advertising. The practical part of the master's thesis specifically shows marketing, innovation, science and research in pharmacy. The examples illustrate the corruption problems and difficulty of fighting against them. The information about the two large pharmaceutical or medical manufacturers are summarized at the end of this thesis.
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Testa, Maria Rita, Valeria Bordone, Beata Osiewalska, and Vegard Skirbekk. "Are daughters' childbearing intentions related to their mothers' socio-economic status?" Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, 2016. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6110/1/35%2D21.pdf.
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BACKGROUND
Unlike actual fertility, fertility intentions are often found to be positively correlated with education. The literature explaining this paradox is scarce.
OBJECTIVE
We aim to fill the gap in the existing scientific literature by searching for the main factors that influence highly educated women to plan a larger family size.
METHODS
Using the first wave of the Generations and Gender Survey for four countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Italy, and Norway), we analyse the relationship between mother's socio-economic status and daughter's fertility intentions, controlling for daughter's socio-economic status and sibship size. Zero-inflated Poisson regression models are employed to estimate the predictors of women's additionally intended number of children.
RESULTS
We find that the effect of family of origin is exerted mainly through sibship size among childless daughters: Daughters with more siblings intend to have more children. After the transition to parenthood, the effect of family of origin is exerted mainly through the mother's level of education: Daughters with highly educated mothers intend to have more children.
CONCLUSIONS
The empirical results suggest that the positive link between births intentions and level of education might not merely be an artefact generated by the design of cross-sectional surveys but the outcome of a better socio-economic status that allows forming positive reproductive plans.
CONTRIBUTION
The positive role of mother's socio-economic status on daughter's fertility decision-making offers a valuable interpretation of the positive link between education and fertility intentions which goes beyond the alternative explanations referring to self-selection, partner effect, or time squeeze, and needs to be confirmed by further research. (authors' abstract)
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Fisher, Jamie DeVon. "Head Start teachers' and low socio-economic status parents' vocabulary usage." Cincinnati, Ohio University of Cincinnati, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ucin1179369020.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Cincinnati, 2007.Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed July 20, 2007). Includes abstract. Keywords: head start, low socio-economic status, vocabulary Includes bibliographical references.
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Wheatley, Lisa. "Mother-infant interaction during book sharing across socio-economic status groups." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/17516.
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Book sharing is a key literacy activity in the early years that predicts children's subsequent literacy and language abilities, and a wealth of evidence illustrates socioeconomic status (SES) differences in early childhood abilities. However, whilst research has examined book sharing frequency in depth, far less is known about how the quality of verbal and non-verbal interactions varies by the SES of the parent. This thesis addresses this question by considering the quality of book sharing interactions between mothers and their infants or children across three studies. In the first, longitudinal study, mother-infant dyads (N = 44) were filmed book sharing at 12 and 18 months (N = 34), and infant development was measured. A novel coding scheme identified a wide range of verbal and non-verbal book sharing behaviours. High SES dyads produced more positive behaviours at 12 and 18 months and these predicted infants' linguistic and cognitive abilities at 18 months. Differences in infants were observed only at 18 months, with low SES infants disengaging more frequently. To examine the link between book sharing, SES and emotional functioning in older children, the second study considered mother-child book sharing behaviours in a preschool aged sample (N = 46). There were SES differences in verbal, but not non-verbal book sharing behaviours. A small number of maternal book sharing behaviours were associated with children's social and emotional abilities, suggesting children's behaviour influenced the book sharing interaction. In the final study, a book sharing intervention was designed and delivered predominantly to low SES mothers (N = 24) to explore whether mothers' book sharing behaviours could be enhanced, and increases were found in all targeted behaviours. In conclusion, book sharing behaviours that have been found to provide a more enriched interaction were seen more in high SES dyads, and predicted infants' abilities. Encouraging low SES mothers to use these enhanced interactions was successful, indicating that higher quality book sharing can be increased via a short intervention.
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FISHER, JAMIE DeVon. "HEAD START TEACHERS' AND LOW SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS PARENTS' VOCABULARY USAGE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1179369020.
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Jette, Kelli. "Socio-Economic Status: A Determinant of Perceptions and Responses to Bullying." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337886335.
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Taylor-Robinson, David. "The effect of socio-economic status on outcomes in cystic fibrosis." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2013. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/13813/.
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Introduction: Reducing inequalities in health is a public health imperative. In the UK and internationally policies are being implemented to try to reduce health inequalities, with limited success. This thesis examines the effect of socio-economic status (SES) on clinical outcomes, healthcare use and employment opportunities in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Poorer socio-economic circumstances have been linked with worse outcomes in cystic fibrosis. Because CF is genetically determined, this offers an opportunity to investigate the impact of SES on health and social outcomes, in a chronic condition without a socio-economic gradient in incidence. This provides a useful case for understanding how health inequalities are generated, in order to develop more effective interventions, for people with CF and more generally. Methods: I analyse, for the first time, the national CF registers from the UK and Denmark, using longitudinal modeling techniques. Mixed-effects models are used to assess the association between measures of SES and longitudinal outcomes, adjusting for clinically important covariates. Study 1 explores longitudinal weight, height, BMI, %FEV1, risk of Pseudomonas colonisation, and the use of major CF treatment modalities, and their association with small-area deprivation (8055 people with 49,337 observations between 1996 and 2010). Study 2 explores longitudinal employment status in adults with CF in the UK, and its association with small-area deprivation, disease severity, and time in hospital. Study 3 presents a novel longitudinal analysis of the Danish CF registry (70,448 %FEV1 measures on 479 patients seen monthly between 1969 and 2010), to understand the way %FEV1 changes over time. Results: Compared with the least deprived areas in the UK, children with CF from the most deprived areas weighed less, were shorter, had a lower body-mass index, were more likely to have chronic P. aeruginosa infection, and have a lower %FEV1. These inequalities were apparent very early in life and did not widen thereafter. On a population level, after adjustment for disease severity, children in the most deprived quintile were more likely to receive intravenous antibiotics and nutritional treatments compared with individuals in the least deprived quintile. Patients from the most disadvantaged areas were less likely to receive DNase or inhaled antibiotic treatment. In adults deprivation, disease severity, and time in hospital all influence employment chances in CF. Furthermore, deprivation amplifies the harmful effects of disease severity on employment: the employment chances of people with CF with poor lung function from disadvantaged areas are damaged to a greater extent than for their counterparts living in the least disadvantaged circumstances. The Danish analysis quantifies the short-term variability in %FEV1 (SD 6.3%) and shows that lung function measures are correlated for over 15 years. Conclusions: In the UK, children with CF from more disadvantaged areas have worse growth and lung function compared with children from more affluent areas, but these inequalities do not widen with advancing age. Policies to reduce inequalities should thus focus on the early years. Clinicians consider deprivation status, as well as disease status, when making decisions about treatments, and this might mitigate some effects of social disadvantage. The differential social consequence of having CF in terms of employment is likely to be an important pathway for the amplification of health inequalities.
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Means, Vivian Fowler. "Improving Literacy for Diverse Low Socio-Economic Status Middle School Students." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4312.
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In an urban district, Surfside School personnel were concerned that student literacy proficiency levels were low during 2011-2014 and teachers had not been able to close the achievement gap despite a focus on literacy practices and literacy professional development (PD) provided by the district. The purpose of this case study was to explore the perceptions of teachers and administrators in relation to the best instructional practices for increasing self-efficacy when teaching literacy skills and related literacy PD for teachers. Knowles' andragogy theory and Vygotsky's social learning theory formed the theoretical foundation of this study, which hold that PD should provide teachers with explicit instruction and opportunities for collaboration. The research questions focused on how PD helps teachers improve instructional practices. The purposeful sample consisted of 4 middle school teachers and 3 administrators and was collected through surveys, observations, semi-structured interviews, and archival documents. Data analysis consisted of an inductive approach of axial coding and categorizing the interview and observational data to derive themes. Themes supporting the findings indicated targeted PD and instructional coaching (IC) focused on evidence based literacy practices for low-income students using culturally relevant pedagogy were needed to improve teacher self-efficacy and student learning. Findings also indicated that the PD trainings could work more effectively if the teachers had more time to collaborate with the IC. Thus, the resulting project provides collaborative PD and IC targeting literacy practices using culturally relevant pedagogy. Teacher use of these practices will promote social change by improving the students' literacy support in the target district.
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Adams, Lisa Christine [Verfasser]. "Association of childhood trauma, socio-economic status and neighborhood status with cognitive function / Lisa Christine Adams." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1119803578/34.
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Lindholm, Christina. "Socio-economic consequences of longstanding illness /." Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-274-4.
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Dawson, Susan Gaye. "Developing location-specific measures of socio-economic status in partially subsistent economies." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266311.
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Erhiawarien, Mercy Oghenerukevwe. "Interrogating school effectiveness and socio economic status : the implications for South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12632.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-86).This dissertation undertakes a critical review of the literature on school effectiveness and quality and examines arguments regarding socio-economic status (SES) (which is linked to the notion of family effects) and its role in achievement. The analysis finds that both school and family effects have an impact on achievement that is equally important and relevant. The dissertation concludes by highlighting areas for action in reference to the findings on socio-economic status and achievement.
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Darling, Katherine E. "Understanding the Relation Between Socio-Economic Status and Child Weight Status within a Multidisciplinary Weight Control Treatment." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1559729147579083.
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Baumgartner, Thomas. "Socio-economic status and teacher perceptions regarding the New York State ELA exam." Connect to resource online, 2009. http://library2.sage.edu/archive/thesis/ED/2009baumgartner_t.PDF.
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Thesis (E.Ed.)--The Sage Colleges, 2009."A Doctoral Research Project presented to Associate Professor Dr. Myers, Doctoral Research Committee Chair, School of Education, The Sage Colleges." Suggested keywords: high stakes testing; teacher perceptions; SES; student expectations; teacher recruitment and attrition; school accountability; instructional practice; ELA exam; state testing. Includes bibliographical references: (p. 70-74).
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Blake, Fiona J. "Self-esteem, learning style, achievement, and socio-economic status of primary school children /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SPS/09spsb636.pdf.
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Blowes, Michael. "Building Capacity for Leading Learning in Low Socio-Economic Status Catholic Secondary Schools." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2017. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/38921e211e094a22dca2dde9a1b7bf440a3032c9fb070351ddcef135e1eb41ca/4360775/Thesis_for_Examination_2018_Michael_Blowes___FINAL.pdf.
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The purpose of the research was to explore how leaders and teachers of low socio-economic status (SES) Catholic secondary schools engaged with a system led reform to build capacity for leadership to improve learning in their school communities. The research was informed by the school and system improvement literature which noted the limited success of large-scale reforms in secondary schools and identified the need to understand how leaders can better build capacity for improvement.
The case study focussed on the leadership of four low SES Catholic secondary schools from New South Wales (NSW), Australia who were part of the National Partnerships programme under the direction of a Diocesan school system. The research explored the experiences of system leaders, principals, curriculum coordinators, leaders of pedagogy, heads of department and teachers as they engaged with the system driven reform.
The research demonstrated that leadership of learning in secondary schools should be shared with heads of department who are professionally valued, developed and positioned to work closely with classroom teachers. The study confirmed that leaders of learning who share whole school approaches to promote literacy, student centred pedagogy, use of data and the moral purpose of the reform initiative improve student outcomes. In this study a broadly distributed model of leadership characterised by relational trust and teamwork built both a learning culture and the capacity to improve student outcomes. It also found that system reform was more likely to succeed when it was adapted by school leaders to meet their local context.
This research is significant in this field because it provides a practical understanding of how leadership should be distributed to build capacity and improve student outcomes, as well as contributing towards better understanding of the importance of middle leadership of heads of departments and instructional coaches in reforming and improving learning outcomes in secondary schools.
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Sarkar, Ranjan. "Study on status of socio-Economic conditions of Dakshin Dinajpur District: Geographical analysis." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2019. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/2819.
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Maroof, Zakia. "An Exploratory Examination of Afghan Women Socio Economic Status (SES) and Child Health Indicator." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/134.
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In this study we used the data from Afghanistan Health Survey 2006. For this study, 8278 households were randomly selected in which 8281 women aged 10-49 years were interviewed by survey teams using a structured questionnaire. The information was also collected for all children aged 5 years or less from all these households. The sample includes 7843 (13.8%) children under the age of 5 years old. Literacy of mothers (ability to read), age of mother at marriage, number of children, exposure to mass media (listening to radio or watching TV) were the independent variables and BCG vaccination, initiation of breastfeeding (within first hour of life or after first hour); and use of bed net (to protect a child from Malaria) were dependent variables. Chi square and Odd Ratio test was used to test significance of the associations. Logistic Regression test was used to control for the confounders. In this study we found that those listening to radio at least once a week were more likely to start breastfeeding during the first hour of life. Those watching TV at least once a week were more likely to vaccinate their children for BCG. These associations were significant after controlling for confounders (economic status of the family and distance to health facility). The fact that why the other independent variables did not have association with BCG vaccination, initiation of breastfeeding and use of bed net can be either due to limitation of the study or there are other reasons that require further investigations.
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Shohaimi, Shamarina. "Individual and area-based measures of socio-economic status and cardiovascular disease risk factors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614851.
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Smith, Ronaldia. "A descriptive study of children and self-esteem in relation to socio-economic status." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1994. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1921.
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The overall objective of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between a child's level of self-esteem and socio-economic status and the forces that impound self-esteem. To attain this objective the following areas were addressed: 1) general self-esteem, 2) peer relations, 3) home relations, and 4) school relations. A self-esteem questionnaire was administered to fourth and fifth grade students at an inner city school in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia. A population of 60 students were surveyed. The researcher hypothesized that there was no statistical significance relationship between self-esteem and socio-economic status. The study was an attempt to demonstrate that there was no relationship between self-esteem and socio-economic status and to discuss the subsystems of peer, home, and school. The findings revealed that the children had a hiqh level of self-esteem and that there was no correlation between self-esteem and socio-economic status.
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Beckett, Sean Edward. "Environmental concern, race and socio-economic status in post-apartheid South Africa, 1996-2006." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85672.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis examines longitudinally the nature of environmental concern in post-apartheid South Africa. During the years of colonialism and apartheid, environmental policy making and implementation was characterised by environmental racism that focused on ecocentric notions of nature conservation and protection, to the exclusion of black, coloured and Asian South Africans. The post-apartheid government has attempted to rectify the exclusion of black people from environmental rights, by enshrining in the Bill of Rights the right to an environment that is not harmful to South Africans' health or well-being. In light of the Bill of Rights unique political and practical implementation in South Africa, and on the basis of a comprehensive review of the empirical and theoretical literature on environmental concern, two hypotheses were formulated for testing in this thesis. The first, which is informed by an environmentalism of the poor or “empty-belly environmentalism” theory, proposes that South Africans have become more environmentally concerned since the end of apartheid. The second hypothesis is informed by the post-materialist thesis, and examines whether controlling for socio-economic status eliminates difference in environmental concern amongst the various race groups. The research design applied in this thesis is a longitudinal analysis of secondary data, in particular World Values Survey data. The results of this analysis led to a rejection of the first hypotheses, and a partial rejection of the second hypothesis. Additionally, the results reveal that since 1996 environmental concern has become less influenced by race and class. The thesis also contributes methodologically to future research on environmental concern, by raising concerns about the operationalisation and conceptualisation of environmental concern in the World Values Survey.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die aard van omgewingsbesorgdheid in post-apartheid Suid-Afrika. Gedurende die jare van kolonialisme en apartheid was beleidmaking en -implementering gekenmerk deur omgewingsrassisme wat op ekosentriese opvattings van natuurbewaring en -beskerming gefokus het. Dit het tot die uitsluiting van swart, bruin en Asiatiese Suid-Afrikaners gelei. Die post-apartheid regering het gepoog om hierdie groot ongelykhede reg te stel, deur die reg tot 'n omgewing wat nie skadelik vir hul gesondheid of welsyn is nie, vas te lê in die Handves van Menseregte. In die lig van hierdie omgewingsbeleidspunte se unieke politieke en praktiese implementering in Suid-Afrika, en op grond van 'n omvattende oorsig van die empiriese en teoretiese literatuur oor omgewingsbesordheid, is twee hipoteses in hierdie tesis getoets. Die eerste hipotese, waaraan 'n omgewingsbewustheid van die armes of "leë maag omgewingsbewustheid"-teorie gestalte verleen het, voer aan dat Suid-Afrikaners sedert die einde van apartheid meer omgewingsbesorgd geword het. Die tweede hipotese, wat voortvloei uit die post-materialistiese tesis, ondersoek of die verskil tussen die rasgroepe in terme van omgewingsbesorgheid verdwyn as hulle sosio-ekonomiese status konstant gehou word. Die navorsingsontwerp van hierdie tesis is 'n longitudinale ontleding van sekondêre data. Die resultate van hierdie analise onthul dat omgewingsbesorgdheid sedert 1996 minder volgens ras en klas gestruktureer word; buitendien is die eerste hipotese verwerp en die tweede hipotese gedeeltelik verwerp. Hierdie resultate het kommer oor die operasionalisering en konseptualisering van omgewingsbesorgdheid in die “World Values Survey” gewek.
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Mckellar, Kerry. "Developing a brief online sexual health intervention for low socio-economic status female teenagers." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2017. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/36220/.
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Risky sexual behaviours are prevalent among low Socio Economic Status (SES) female teenagers, and earlier sexual initiation is associated with unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. Large systematic reviews have found an extensive list of predictors of risky sexual behaviours, but it is not clear which of these are highly important to low SES female teenagers and if sexual health intervention programs are currently meeting teenagers’ sexual health needs. This thesis sets out specifically to address this issue, by investigating the predictors and developing a brief online sexual health intervention program for low SES female teenagers. Two research questions were explored using a mixed-methods approach across five studies. The research aimed to gain sexual health professionals and teenagers qualitative views on the predictors of risky sexual behaviours, and then confirm these predictors quantitatively with a large number of female teenagers. Teenagers views of existing online sexual health intervention programs were then explored leading to the development of a brief online self-affirmation and sexual health intervention program. Self-esteem was found to be an important predictor of risky sexual behaviours both by sexual health professionals and low SES female teenagers. It was also clear that teenagers did not currently have access to reliable sexual health information. Therefore, a brief online self-affirmation intervention, aimed at increasing self-esteem, paired with reliable sexual health information was developed. It was found that the self-affirmation intervention significantly increased self-esteem for the self-affirmed group compared to the non-affirmed group. In addition, the self-affirmed group had significantly higher intentions to have safe sex post intervention and at a one week follow up, compared to the non-affirmed group. Therefore, low-cost brief online self-esteem and sexual health interventions can be effective in increasing intentions to have safe sex for low SES female teenagers. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed together with suggestions for future research.
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Naidu, Leesen. "Socio-economic status proxies in studies of fertility in developing countries : measures and methods." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5727.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 36-38).
This paper explores the different measures and methods used to integrate socio-economic status into fertility analysis. The most common current practice is to create a single proxy summary measure and enter it as an independent variable in a multiple regression. I compare the consequences of using the different proxies on the estimated impact of socio-economic status and the other determinants of fertility.
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Frennborn, Lena C. "Race and Birthweight: The Influence of Socio-Economic Status and Utilization of Prenatal Care." VCU Scholars Compass, 1997. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4546.
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The purpose of this research was to determine how much of the variance in birthweight can be explained by socio-economic status and utilization of prenatal care in Blacks and Whites. Rather than defining race in genetic terms, race was understood here as a social construction. The methodological approach was an analysis of the National Survey of Family Growth Cycle IV, 1988. The first, singleton, live birth for each interviewed woman was included, resulting in a sample of 911 women, of whom 313 were Black women and 598 White women.
Consistent with previous research, Black mothers were twice as likely to have a low birthweight infant (11.8%) compared to White women (6%). In the total sample race, marital status, and income were correlated with birthweight. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine how much of the variance in birthweight is explained by socioeconomic factors and utilization of prenatal care. The model explained 5% of the variance in birthweight. Race and education were the only two factors that significantly explained variance in birthweight in this model. The findings failed to support the hypothesis that socioeconomic status and utilization of prenatal care would explain a significant amount of the variance in birthweight. The variables included in the model did not explain variance in birthweight for either Black women, or White women.
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Grittner, Ulrike [Verfasser]. "Methodological Challenges in Observational Studies: Measuring Socio-Economic Status and Alcohol Consumption / Ulrike Grittner." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149513217/34.
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Kpalou, Jean-Yves. "Exploring the socio-economic reintegration of former combatants in Côte D'Ivoire." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3205.
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Cote d’Ivoire is a country located in West Africa, which is coming out from decades of political and military crises (2002-2011). The country is now coping with its phase of postconflict reconstruction and economic development. One of the important aspects of this phase is the socio-economic reintegration of former combatants who took part in the different conflicts. For this reason the aim of this study was to explore the socio-economic reintegration of former combatants in Cote d’Ivoire. Taking the aim of this study into consideration, the primary objectives were to first look at the situation of the socioeconomic reintegration of former combatants in Cote d’Ivoire and secondly to identify challenges affecting the socio-economic reintegration process.
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Mo, Kit-ling Pauline, and 毛潔玲. "Socio-economic status, schooling experience and academic performance: a study of students of low socio-economicstatus in six local schools." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31208332.
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El-Ashwah, Zeinab Saleh. "An economic investigation of the impact of maternal socio-economic factors on nutritional status of preschool children in Egypt." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316327.
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Bhutia, Karma Samten. "Socio-economic and political status of the bhutias in Sikkim since 1975: change and continuity." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2022. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/5099.
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Johnson, Kayenda Tenise. "Process, Preference and Performance: Considering Ethnicity and Socio-Economic Status in Computer Interface Metaphor Design." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26682.
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This research addresses a problem that centers on the persistent disparities in computer use and access among racial minorities, particularly African-Americans and Latinos, and persons of low socio-economic status (SES) here in the USA. â Accessâ to computer technology maintains a dual meaning. Access may refer to having a computer and software available for use or it may refer to having a computer interface that effectively facilitates user learning. This study conceptualizes â accessâ as the latter â having an interface that facilitates user learning. One intervention for this problem of access, from a Human Factors perspective, is in recognizing and accounting for cultureâ s influence on oneâ s cognition. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were integrated to effectively determine a process for engaging typically marginalized groups, interface metaphor preferences of African-Americans, and user performance with varying types of interface metaphors. The qualitative aspects of this study provided a basis for understanding how entry was obtained into the participantsâ community and for obtaining richer descriptions of user successes and challenges with the various interface designs.
The researcher developed a culturally valid interface design methodology, i.e., Acculturalization Interface Design (A.I.D.) methodology, which was used to identify meaningful computer interface metaphors for low SES African-Americans. Through the A.I.D. methodology and an associated field study, a group of African-American novice computer users determined that the home, the bedroom and comfort were meaningful computer interface metaphors to integrate into a letter writing task. A separate group of African-Americans performed benchmark tasks on an interface design that utilized the home, bedroom and comfort metaphors or Microsoft Word 2003. The African-American group performed significantly better on the novel interface than on Microsoft Word 2003 for several benchmark tasks. Qualitative analyses showed that low acculturation African-Americans were particularly challenged with those same tasks. Regression analyses used to determine the relationship between psychosocial characteristics and user performance were inconclusive.
Subject matter experts (SME), representing low SES Latinos, discussed potential learnability issues for both interface designs. Furthermore, results from the African-American group and the SMEs highlight the critical importance of using terminology (i.e., verbal metaphors) and pictorial metaphors that are culturally and socially valid.Ph. D.
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Mahlangu, Sibusisiwe Nomvula. "Resilience processes employed by families from a low socio-economic background." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/52941.
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The purpose of this study was to explore and understand the resilience processes
employed by families from a low socio-economic background living in a
predominantly black township (Mamelodi). The study further aimed to assess how
the participants’ experiences have shaped their perceptions of their society. Walsh’s
family resilience framework (2003) served as a conceptual framework for the study.
Two grandparent-headed households were selected from an ongoing study at a nongovernmental
organisation and drop-in centre in Mamelodi. A qualitative
methodology was suitable for this study, because it aims to understand how the
participants derive meaning from the social and cultural contexts within which they
live. The two focus group discussions were conducted in isiZulu, with a translator
present during the grandmothers’ focus group discussion, because one of the
grandmothers spoke Xitsonga. The sessions were audio-recorded and later
transcribed. The transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis in order to
deduce themes that emerged from the participants’ experiences. Based on the
results, a better understanding of how families from low socio-economic backbackgrounds
develop their resilience was established through the themes that
emerged, which were as follows: belief system, flexibility of roles and
connectedness, unsupportive environment, and self-empowerment. The results were
related to existing literature and Walsh’s family resilience framework.Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
Educational Psychology
MEd
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Lucier, Michelle Heather. "More Than Constraints: How Low Socio-Economic Parents Make Judgments Concerning Their Children's Schooling." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5796.
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As school choice opportunities have become more prevalent and information about schools more readily available, there is still a lack of understanding of how parents use information to evaluate schools. The discussion around school judgment-making predominately focuses on whether parents know about school choice and the constraints parents face which limit choice, but I investigate, using 91 interviews of parents living in a low socio-economic community, how parents make judgments and evaluate schools past the discussion of what schools are available to parents and the constraints those parents face. The results of this study are that parents use heuristics—specifically familiarity, endorsement, and representativeness—to help them make judgments about schools. Knowing that parents use heuristics, policy-makers and educators can better address these parents needs and provide information that is more beneficial to them for making judgments about schools.
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Sarkar, Bipul Chandra. "Socio-Economic status of tribal people in Mal Subdivision of Jalpaiguri District, West Bengal: a geographical analysis." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2017. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/2640.
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Walker, Jeremy Joseph. "Housing, environment and cardio-respiratory health : the relative influence of the past and the present." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4468.
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The existence of socially-patterned health (with poorer health generally being experienced by those in more disadvantaged circumstances) is widely recognised. Social differentials have been observed for (inter alia) respiratory disorders, and for cardiovascular disease. One possible explanation for social inequality in these areas of health posits a mediating effect of housing conditions: disadvantaged individuals may face greater exposure to residential hazards (such as dampness), which may in turn adversely influence cardiorespiratory health. However, few studies have examined a complete posited causal chain linking socioeconomic position (SEP) with health via housing. Using pre-existing data, this study constructed detailed representations of the social and residential experiences over adult life (15 to 60 years) of a sample of elderly British people. Both measures of accumulated exposure (to disadvantage, and to housing hazards), and explicit trajectories of social and residential experience, were derived. Construction of trajectories required the development of methods for condensing individuals’ diverse experiences into higher-level groups, in the interests of analytical tractability. Relationships between the derived measures of lifetime exposure and a range of outcomes expressing aspects of cardio-respiratory health in old age were assessed. No persuasive evidence was observed to support the hypothesis that lifetime residential exposures may mediate the relationship between SEP and the health outcomes examined. In addition to testing this specific conceptual model, the study examined how exposure to social disadvantage and to residential risks varied over adult life, identifying distinctive features of the exposure experience which could not readily be captured by the infrequent sampling of SEP commonly featured in health inequality research. The respective merits of such ‘sparse’ sampling and the more intensive sampling used in the study were compared. It was concluded that fully exploiting the additional information captured by intensive sampling requires confronting a number of methodological challenges. Because of this, it is argued that the collection of detailed information on exposures over time does not automatically confer genuine advantages over the hitherto dominant approach of sampling at only a small number of time points. Future development of lifecourse epidemiology will require further debate over how lifetime exposure (to both social and environmental risk factors) can most effectively be represented in quantitative analysis.
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Chettri, Deepika. "Socio-economic Condition and Political Status of the Tibetan Refugees in India and Nepal: A Comparative Study." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2020. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/4355.
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Southworth, Brian Wright David W. "Am I rich enough to do well in math? math test scores and socio-economic status /." Diss., Click here for available full-text of this thesis, 2006. http://library.wichita.edu/digitallibrary/etd/2006/t016.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences."May 2006." Title from PDF title page (viewed on October 19, 2006). Thesis adviser: David Wright. Includes bibliographic references (leaves 27-32).
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Buchan, Duncan S. "Cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents : socio-economic status, associations and the effects of exercise interventions." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.729418.
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Dunlop, Sheryl Lynn. "Socio-economic status and the utilisation of physicians' services, results from the national population health survey." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0001/MQ34024.pdf.
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Liu, Aihua 1970. "Predictors of smoking cessation in adults from two low socio-economic status communities in Montreal, Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98752.
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Objectives. Few studies have identified longitudinal predictors of smoking cessation in disadvantaged communities. This study identified predictors of cessation in a 5-year longitudinal cohort of adults aged 18-65 years and living in low-income, inner-city neighborhoods of Montreal, Canada.Methods. Secondary analysis of data from the non-randomized evaluation of Coeur en Sante St. Henri, a community-based intervention program designed to decrease cardiovascular disease risk (CVD) factors. Data on lifestyle behaviors were collected in telephone interviews of a representative sample of residents at baseline and five years later. Independent predictors of cessation were identified among 303 subjects who smoked at baseline, using multiple logistic regression.
Results. After 5 years, 20% of baseline smokers reported quitting including 22% of female smokers, and 17% of male smokers. From among 7 potential predictors only two were retained in multivariable analysis, including having a post-secondary or higher education relative to secondary school or less (OR=1.88, 95%CI: 1.01-3.51), and number of cigarettes smoked per day (OR=0.95, 95%CI: 0.91-0.98).
Conclusions. Few predictors of cessation emerged in this disadvantaged community. It is notable that even in a disadvantaged community, increased education predicts cessation. Improved understanding of the mechanisms by which education leads to higher quit rates may help the development of cessation programs targeting disadvantaged communities.
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Baruti, Violet. "Socio-economic status and diabetes control in patients presenting to Princess Marina hospital (PMH), Gaborone, Botswana." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97218.
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Background
Literature supports a relationship between low income status and poor diabetes control. However this relationship has not been assessed in Botswana.
Aim
To determine the relationship between socio-economic status and diabetes control in patients presenting to PMH.
Objectives
To measure the degree of glycaemic control; to determine the relationship between glycaemic control and monthly income as well as between glycaemic control and lifestyle modification factors;to describe the relationship between glycaemic control and core social welfare indicators.
Methods
A cross-sectional study, conducted over a 3 months in Gaborone, The questionnaire assessed self-care activities, monthly household earnings and core social welfare indicators among diabetes patients attending PMH. A total of 240 patients were randomly selected to complete the questionnaire. Routine HbA1c values were studied alongside questionnaire responses.
Results
A total of 58 (24%) participants with HbA1c between 4.0%-7.0% were well controlled, 96 (40%) of participants were poorly controlled (7.1%-9.0%) and 86 (36%) in the very poorly controlled category with HbA1c >9.0%.
Of the well-controlled category, 59% lived on a monthly income between P0- P5000(the lowest income bracket). Only 3% participants in this category earned above P20000 monthly (the highest income bracket). Of the 40% poorly controlled participants, 69% fell in the lowest income bracket. No participants in this poorly controlled category earned above P20000 monthly. There were 40% participants in the very poorly controlled category. Of these, 63% earned between P0 - P5000. Only 2 participants with HbA1c values of 9.1 earned above P20000.
Conclusion
In this study high HbA1c percentages were associated with low monthly income levels and low scores in lifestyle modification factors. Participants with poor access to core welfare indicators also had poor glycaemic control. This study suggests that poor socio-economic status is directly related to poor glycaemic control in patients attending PMH diabetes clinic.
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Shannon, Stephen. "Physical activity and well-being in children of low socio-economic status : testing self-determination theory." Thesis, Ulster University, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.734614.
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Physical activity participation is beneficial to children’s health. In comparison to the general population, children of low socio-economic status (SES) are at increased risk of reduced well-being. Despite many attempts to increase physical activity and well-being there remains a lack of theory-informed interventions that target children of low SES. Within this thesis, five research studies are reported. Each study contributed to current understanding of physical activity and well-being promotion for children of low SES using Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000), a theory that is often cited but not comprehensively tested in school-based physical activity interventions. Study 1 presented a systematic review of SDT- based physical activity interventions in the school-setting, concluding that more studies were needed to determine the efficacy of SDT as a behaviour change framework. Future studies were advised to apply validated psychometric instruments alongside methodological guidance. Study 2 validated psychometric instruments assessing SDT constructs of wellbeing and needs satisfaction with children of low SES. The predictive validity of SDT was statistically confirmed in Study 3, as needs satisfaction predicted children’s physical activity levels and well-being. Study 4 was a longitudinal clustered randomised controlled trial called Sport for LIFE: All Island (SFL:AI). While null effects were reported for SFL:AI on physical activity, well-being and needs satisfaction, researchers were recommended to integrate physical activity within a school environment, train schoolteachers in SDT principles, and model SDT hypotheses when determining the intervention’s effects. The final study provided needs-supportive training to schoolteachers and student volunteers through the Healthy Choices Programme. The children’s physical activity levels and well-being were enhanced through improvements in autonomy-support, needs satisfaction and intrinsic motivation, supporting SDT hypotheses. Practical, methodological and theoretical contributions from all five studies include: evidence-based guidance for training teachers, instructors and coaches to adopt needs-supportive principles; rigorous methods in the design and analyses of school- based programmes; the testing and validation of SDT instruments; and; advancement of SDT application in the prediction and enhancement of children’s physical activity and well-being. In conclusion, this research demonstrated that children’s physical activity levels and wellbeing can be enhanced by engendering a needs-supportive physical activity context that is conducive to psychological needs satisfaction and intrinsic motivation. To advance health promotion efforts for children of low SES, researchers, practitioners and public health advocates may consider replicating the SDT principles in the design and evaluation of programmes as critically evaluated in this PhD.
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Casey, Maxine Austin. "Proportional Representation of Students with Disabilities Based on Race, Gender, and Socio-Economic Status in Virginia." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85469.
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For more than three decades, research has shown that the special education referral, identification, and placement processes can be discriminatory (Artiles, Rueda, Salazar, and Higareda, 2005). Proportionately, there are more minority students of low socio-economic status than are White students in special education categories that are the high incidence special education categories. Students with high-incidence disabilities make up 80% of all students with disabilities. High-Incidence disabilities share these characteristics, (1) often hard to distinguish from students without disabilities, especially in non-school settings, (2) often display a combination of academic, and (3) behavioral and social problems (Friend and Bursuck, 2012).
Special Education licensure and endorsement varies from state to state, as does the terminology used in describing the knowledge that is required and the students to whom it applies. In most states students identified for special education services for the categories of Intellectual Disability (ID), Specific Learning Disability (SLD) and students with Emotional Disturbance (ED) are identified as high- incidence disabilities.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of relative representation of male and female, minority, and low socioeconomic students with disabilities served in special education programs across 132 public school divisions within eight Superintendent']s regions in the 2013-14 school year, as published by the Virginia Department of Education. Data from the Virginia Department Education (VDOE) were analyzed to present an analysis of three categories of the special education populations (ID, SLD and ED), racial, (Black and Hispanic) and socio-economic status.
Findings indicated that fewer than 50% of the school divisions in the Commonwealth of Virginia showed disproportionality, however when examined by Superintendent's regions there were some geographical areas that showed some concentrations of disproportionality.Ed. D.
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Pradeilles, Rebecca. "Neighbourhood and household socio-economic influences on diet and anthropometric status in urban South African adolescents." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19602.
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Background and Aims Many low- and middle-income countries are undergoing epidemiological and health transitions. South Africa has one of the highest prevalences of overweight and obesity in Sub-Saharan Africa. This research examined neighbourhood and household socio-economic influences on the risk of overweight and obesity in terms of anthropometric status and dietary intake among urban South African adolescents. A further aim was to conduct a qualitative study on the potential for religious groups such as Churches to be used as community-based organisations for obesity intervention. Methods A secondary analysis of neighbourhood and household socio-economic status (SES), anthropometric and dietary data was carried out on adolescents aged 17-19 years from the Birth to Twenty Plus cohort study in Johannesburg-Soweto. Qualitative data were collected through focus groups discussions and a community readiness survey with church leaders. Results No significant associations were observed between SES (household and neighbourhood) and energy, protein, fat, or carbohydrate intakes in males. Some significant associations were found between SES and dietary intake in females. Females had a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity than males (26.2% vs. 8.2%, p<0.0001). In males, poor household SES was associated with lower odds of overweight, fatness and high waist-to-height ratio (WHTR). For females, household SES was not significantly associated with overweight, fatness and high WHTR. The qualitative research showed that there was a very low level of community readiness among church leaders for obesity prevention programmes. Conclusions The dietary results suggest that the diet of these adolescents is transitioning to that seen in high income countries. It also highlights that even within the same relatively small urban area, nutrition transition does not affect different groups in uniform ways. The qualitative results indicate that programmes should focus around raising awareness of the problem of overweight/obesity in this community.