Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Société civile – La Réunion (France ; île)'
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Péters, Marie Martine. "Le mouvement associatif dans la vie politique à La Réunion du début de la Ve République à l’installation du C. C. E. E. : 1958-1994." La Réunion, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LARE0012.
Full textThe associative movement is a significant component in the evolution of Reunion Island’s political life between 1958 and the end of the 20th century. The analysis of the birth of associations and their actions reveals their growing role in local political life. It also points out rhythms that are specific to the life of associative movements. Hence it is of interest to place this associative life back in the framework of the political history in order to reveal the richness, the diversity and the effect of the associations’works. In the first decade, associations and their supporters undergo the violent political confrontations opposing the U. N. R. And the P. C. R. . Between 1969 and 1975, the relationships between the political world and associations change. A new generation, more consensual, turns away from clashes. As a result there is a greater respect for democratic practices in political life and the associations quickly expand their activities. The end of the 70’s is a turning point for the acknowledgment of Reunionese identity and history. Likewise, air transport is democratized and political life is renewed: associations are the driving force of this evolution. From 1984, as the regional power grows, so does the Cultural, Educative and Environmental Council, whose prerogatives broaden. The associative world, now collaborating with the new political institutions through the C. C. E. E. , launches the revival of education, cultural diversity, secularity, women s empowerment, and outreach to Indian Ocean partners
Fontaine, Jannick Aimé. "Le monde du travail à la Réunion : archaïsmes et mutations d'une société post-coloniale en quête d'intégration." La Réunion, 2003. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/03_19_jfontaine.pdf.
Full textReunion Island has an exceptional rate of unemployment (42 % in 97). It is due to a difficult context : narrow local market, régional environment without opening, uttra-periphery. . . The démographie transition isespeciallyfinishing too slowly. Now, thé island has been carrying out remarkable progresses since 1946. The overunemployment disconcerts thé authorities. Mentalities and thé colonial legacy are incriminated. In individuel, social and économie behaviours, modernïty lives along with archaisms. Some strong localisais disrupt thé individuel mobility. The Uved space remains protected/isolated from visible and invisible barriers. À mental geography is surviving, organized on thé habitations, modeled by a chaotic seulement. It inspires thé urban way of life, on a local scale ("quartiers"). However, dynamics exist. Reunion is becoming integrated in thé world-system. An urban economy, empirical, commands thîs dynamîc. The study of thé urban fact must enrich thé reflection about development
Pourchez, Laurence. "Anthropologie de la petite enfance en société créole réunionnaise (Hauts de Sainte-Marie)." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHESA087.
Full textGérard, Gilles. "Le choix du conjoint en société créole : étude anthropologique du champ matrimonial et approche des processus d'acculturation : trois siècles de mariage à Saint-Leu, Île de La Réunion." La Réunion, 1997. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/97_05_gerard.pdf.
Full textIn the reunionese society, marked by the systems of slavery, then enlisting and, eventually the status as a french , the diachronic study on the choice of a spouse enables to highlight the way this society grounded on a violent disintegration of the individuals, as well as of the system of family ties formerly in force in the different original social groups became structured on the basis of different matrimonial practices. The particularity of those practices, when choosing a spouse lies in the importance given to the geographical nearness at the expense of the ethnical endogamyor of the social and religious homogamy. This research, which is based on an exhaustive survey of actual marriages in a town on the west coast of the island, first aims at evaluating the reality of an ancient family structure which was already underlying at the time of slavery. Its second aim is to throw into relief the relevant elements in the making of couples. The high incidence and the persistence of a choice unrelated to the ethnic group seem to be, among the various groups of immigrants, elements which have given birth to the particular and linguistic formations that are a characteristic feature of the reunionese society. Similary, the irrelevance of racial or colour criteria for the choice of a partner, beyond the variety of talk and the ideological assumptions, sets the studied society apart from other creole and island areas
Huitelec, Didier. "Les Indiens esclaves et libres de la société bourbonnaise au XVIIIème siècle." Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0046.
Full textThe many studies on the Indians at Bourbon Island / Reunion brought a good knowledge of this community, but were mainly interested in the group of workers engaged in the nineteenth century, especially after 1848. This study, which is part of the subaltern studies, aims to highlight what it means to be an Indian in Bourbon society in the eighteenth century. From coffee cultivation in the early eighteenth century to the abolition of slavery in 1848, Indians did not form a homogenous group, some were brought in as slave labor and others were engaged as free workers. The living conditions of these two groups are different. The study wonders about their number, the distribution by sex, their spatial location in the colony, their habitat. By interrogating the notarial archives, the doors of the homes that open up, reveal the spaces of intimacy (space for living, meals, rest, work) and offer a good vision of the formation of couples, relationships family and extrafamily
Cubizolles, Sylvain. "Les envols du "moi" : contribution à une approche compréhensive du lien social." La Réunion, 2004. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/04_14_Cubizolles.pdf.
Full textThis research, based on a two year participant observation, has analysed the processes of autonomization and individuation of a group of sunday morning soccer players, free from institutional constraints. To hope for a rise of the self, theseplayers need to release themselves from their daily constraints, get involved in group interactions without giving up their autonomy, and givetheir approval to the others in order to be approved in return by their fellow members. However self-centred an individual may be, he still has to rely on the support of others to fulfil his potential. However, the group can put pressure on its members who then must know to set limits to their involvement or run the risk of not feeling the alleviation they had hoped for, and face de -linking. Finally, the rise of the self is not only a collective imaginary construt but can also become a self-maintained illusion when a player is unable to score goals or is ignored by fellow members. The theoretical framework of this thesis is based on the maintaining of social links and the construction of individual ego-identities
Lucas, Raoul. "La mise en place de l'école dans une société esclavagiste puis coloniale : La Réunion 1815-1946." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080923.
Full textEducation is socialization and has a prominent part in our society. The link between education and society seems to be complex, yet resorting to historical perspective offers some clarification on the issue. Access to this perspective involves the scrutiny of both historical and social factors in order to understand the educational setting in a populating colony (both with and without slavery) in reunion, or ile bourbon as it was then known, from 1815 to 1946. In conclusion, to examine the educational setting in the colony it is necessary to examine the dynamic evolution of the reunionnais society
Mayer, Jouanjean Isabelle. "L'île de La Réunion sous l'œil du cyclone au XXème siècle. Histoire, Société, et catastrophe Naturelle." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00780487.
Full textFolio-Paravéman, Stéphanie. "Créolisation et usages du tambour malbar dans l'espace social réunionnais : Ethnomusicologie d’une pratique symbolique en perpétuel réajustement." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ2004.
Full textOf Indian origin, the tambour malbar is a one skin and circular drum which is used, in Reunion Island, on Hindu religious manifestations particularly since the 19th century. Strongly connected to those circumstances because of its main function to call deities and as an instrument of sacred music, during a long time, the tambour malbar has been exclusively reserved to religious use. If this musical culture is present, for example, in literary themes of creole Reunionese music in the 20th century, it’s from the mid-1980s that a new look is given to this instrument, by some local artists, and particularly with its physical integration inside concert music. This thesis on the uses of the tambour malbar wants to describe its creolization phenomena; those phenomena are not only given by the diversification of its uses since this period but also by the re-localization of cultural practices from India in Reunionese creole area as early as the 19th century.The tambour malbar can be considered as a symbolical practice permanently readjusted because it answers to specific expectations given by each context where it is simultaneously used. Source of impoverishment for some people, of richness for others, the explosion of the uses of the tambour malbar in the Reunionese social area gives to this instrument an identity both plural and contrasted, necessary unstable, which transforms it continually (in terms of form and music) as the circumstances of its use evolve. This research thus proposes different points of view enabling an approach of the tambour malbar on Reunion Island nowadays
Gérard, Gilles. "La famille esclave à Bourbon." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01038011.
Full textPalmas, Joël de. "L'émigration réunionnaise à la Sakay ou L'ultime aventure coloniale française : 1952-1977." La Réunion, 2004. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/04_20_Palmas.pdf.
Full textExperiment of colonisation supposed to bring a solution to Reunion island's overpopulation, Sakay starts in 1952 in a desert region of the Mid-West of Malagasy. Paid on national public funds and realised under the aegis of the Bureau of studies for agricultural production, it also represents a plan conceived in the context of the new after war French "colonial Pact" and aimed to promote the economic and social development of Malagasy. Sakay is soon pointed out for its dynamism. A village, Babetville, is built with religious, sanitary and school facilities. Lands famous for being unfarmable are worked with modern technics. Commercial cooperative structures are created. Paradoxically, Malagasy's independence proclaimed in 1960 does not challenge Sakay. It continues its economic growth and becomes the third world park centre of production, and one of Malagasy granaries. It becomes a "window society", a mirror of the French cooperation. The Malagasy authorities start making there a model of agricultural development. A "malagasy Sakay" the SOMASAK, is created according to the same terms as the "reunionese Sakay". In 1972, President Tsiranana leaves the power. The new authorities denounce the French neo-colonialism. A "malagasiazation" of the economy emerges. Sakay is threatened. The French ambassador Pierre Hunt, who wants to preserve friendly relationships with the new Malagasy government, offers to transfer Sakay in 1977. The Vazaha leave the region in a complete mess. A page of the history of the relationships between Reunion and Malagasy is turned
Cardona, Aurélie. "L'agriculture à l'épreuve de l'écologisation : éléments pour une sociologie des transitions." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0132.
Full textIn spite of measures aiming to reduce the environmental impact of agriculture, changes in farming practices remain modest while societal concerns continue to rise. The environmental mission assigned to agriculture is complex and subject to interpretation. The growing number of diverse stakeholders turning their attention to farming increases the demands placed on agriculture. In this context, the goal of this thesis is first, to understand how a diversity of agricultural and non-agricultural stakeholders involve themselves in transition processes towards more environmentally-soundagriculture and second, to understand the effect of their involvement on farmers practices. To achieve this, I relied on a pragmatic approach wich highlights "frictions", as well as "holdfasts" used by stakeholders and makes it possible to give a faithful account of their interpretations and experience of transition processes. Based on a socio-historical analysis and three case-studies from the Paris region, I characterized, first, the conditions of the emergence of movements promoting change in agriculture practices, second, the enrollment processes throught wich the issue of transition makes sense and, third, the changes in terms of both agricultural practices and forms of governance of those changes as well. The study shows that transition processes emerge as the result of adjustements between diverse stakeholders embedded in different communities. This analysis suggests the emergence of a "territoire-based contribution" model of change, where a diversity of stakeholders contributes by their discourse and actions to the ecologization of agriculture in their territoire
Ma, Kun. "Système énergétique territorial face à la montée en puissance des énergies renouvelables : modélisation de la transition appliquée à La Réunion." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00732678.
Full textMa, Kun. "Système énergétique territorial face à la montée en puissance des énergies renouvelables : modélisation de la transition appliquée à La Réunion." Phd thesis, Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUEL008.
Full textFrom the concept of territorial energy system (TES), defined as a coupling between a territorial system and an energy system, and after that the actual situation and different possibilities of energy transition being examined, we model the energy transition of the Reunion electrical system, with a multi-agent model developed under the Anylogic platform. In this model, the power plants and the substation HV/MV, localized in IRIS and connected with the electricity network, form the exchange interface between the two subsystems coupled. The dynamic of the model is based on two levels of nested temporalities. Interaction between territorial dynamics and energy dynamics is achieved through hourly simulation of resources (solar, wind, hydraulic) and demand (load curves), based on hourly observations (weather data, data of load curves, etc. ), and calibrated with the statistics of production and consumption of the reference year. Scenarios are structured by assumptions about the demand and production, and are with a time horizon of decades and an annual granularity. They allow to understand the effect of different combinations of parameters (threshold of saturation of PV, storage, PV coverage, demand, etc. ), to get insights on how the energy system can evolve. This could be used to provide aids to policies decisions according to objectives (reducing greenhouse gas emissions, control of prices of energy, development of renewable. . . )
Vidot, Émeline. "La construction d'une identité réunionnaise de 1959 à nos jours : représentations culturelles et constructions discursives." Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0009/document.
Full textThis research paper questions the identity claims (territorial and political, individual and collective) in a corpus of engaged speeches. The decision was to work from speeches of progressive parties, engaged novels from the 1970s-1980s, life stories and accounts from “the Children of Creuse”. The analysed texts highlight the construction of a political model of state supervision and blame a process of decolonisation that stifles particularities and stigmatises the Creole identity. The claims focus on empowering the making of political decisions and considering the regional specificities. These local particularities, either geographic, linguistic or cultural, are defended as defining elements of Reunion's identity. However, the Reunionese identity is represented in a conflictual process in which the cultural elements are organised in a hierarchy. The analysis of the issue of the building of identities during the postcolonial era shows an inevitable correlation with the organisation of the colonial society. The structures of domination, transformed after 1946, correlated to the effects of the departmentalisation and globalisation, hinder the construction of an assertive identity. In this context, the literary speech becomes a means of resistance and allows the subordinates to claim the speech back to themselves and bring another version of the history. This thesis questions the concerns of the building of the Reunionese identity in the context of social and political transformations and by considering its consequences on individuals. It also emphasises the absence of consideration of colonialism and its contemporary impacts in France
Audoux, Christine. "Un possible, impossible, la co-production des connaissances entre science et société : étude de recherches collaboratives entre chercheurs et acteurs dans le cadre du dispositif "Partenariat Institutions Citoyens pour la Recherche et l‘Innovation" (PICRI) en Ile de France." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM1107/document.
Full textA possible, impossible, the co-production of knowledge between science and society. Research is primarily a social activity delegated to professional researchers in academic and private laboratories, with a certain distancing from the rest of society. Taking advantage of the "participatory turn", actors in civil society are invited alongside professional researchers, with new research funding arrangements, to contribute to the production of new knowledge in areas of societal interest. What is happening in this collaborative research? Can scientific knowledge be co-constructed? And are such collaborations able to renew the modes of production of knowledge delegated to researchers?It is from this way of looking at things that the question is posited regarding translation as a major premise in the emergence of a possible joint construction between civil society actors and researchers who are driving this collaborative research plan. Translating involves multiple planes of interaction which are in as many ways, ways of passing between different people's different registers of knowledge and interests as they are interpretations which are produced to give these registers meaning. This central dimension of translation between scientific and associative worlds is addressed in a double epistemological perspective. A firstly sociological approach to translation captures how actors and researchers combine and link their different identities and interests and their knowledge and different research objects to achieve scientific inscriptions. Collaborative arrangements emerge from this with various configurations which demonstrate the conditions of co-construction. A second approach mobilizes the hermeneutics of translation to account for interpretation and learning abilities that can emerge from these research collaborations. It places deliberation and recognition capabilities at the heart of interactions, which guide collaborative arrangements towards a collective research capacity.Following this analysis, the identification of interaction conditions favouring the co-construction of knowledge between civil society actors and professional researchers can re-examine the possibility of including, alongside the dominant modes of scientific production, a way of co-producing which is part of a renewal of the relationship between science and society
Bartolain-Tolède, Marlène. "Le double éclairage français et allemand de Gustave Oelsner-Monmerqué (1814-1854) sur la société coloniale à Bourbon." Thesis, La Réunion, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LARE0024.
Full textGustave Oelsner-Monmerqué's work unearthed by us and presented in our doctoral thesis offers a double – French and German – vision of colonial society in Bourbon (now Reunion) Island in the early 1840s. This study begins with a detailed reconstitution of Oelsner-Monmerqué's life, then focuses on his abolitionist stance and actions as editor of the Feuille hebdomadaire de l'Ile Bourbon [Bourbon Island Weekly] and philosophy teacher at and principal of the Collège royal de Bourbon high school. Oelsner-Monmerqué pursued his abolitionist activism in Germany through literary channels: a novel, press articles andconferences. By publishing Schwarze und Weiße. Skizzen aus Bourbon [Blacks and Whites. Sketches of Bourbon] in a country which had no slaves, the author meant to contribute to their quicker and more complete emancipation. His descriptions of illegal slave trade and slave life in Bourbon Island's society have a realistic, expressive touch made possible by the use of an innovative literary genre, the sketch. A cross-boundary testimony, this work can be regardedas Bourbon Island's first abolitionist novel