Journal articles on the topic 'Societal gaze'
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1
Slobodin, Ortal. "Between the eye and the gaze: Maternal shame in the novel We Need to Talk about Kevin." Feminism & Psychology 29, no. 2 (June 25, 2018): 214–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959353518783785.
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This paper seeks to understand the social power of maternal shame, using a framework that integrates feminist criticism of contemporary motherhood ideologies with philosophical theories that discuss shame in the broader context of visual perception. By using Lionel Shriver’s (2005) novel We Need to Talk about Kevin, the paper illustrates how shame operates in the interplay between the socio-cultural, gendered ideals of motherhood and mothers’ representations of these ideals. Specifically, the paper suggests that today’s mothers operate under a social gaze that expects them to meet the cultural and moral standards of “good” motherhood. This internalized societal judging gaze and the perception of failing to meet these standards are often the source of maternal shame. In line with philosophical accounts which focus on the primacy of vision in shame, I argue that empathy (“seeing with the eyes of the other”) is the most powerful antidote to shame. While shame is induced by a judging gaze, empathy develops through connected gazes, each acknowledging the other’s subjectivity. Locating shame within a socio-cultural context can provide invaluable insights for psychological research and practice that pay critical attention to positionality, reflexivity, and the power relationships inherent in contemporary motherhood.
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MANAGHAN, TINA. "Shifting the gaze from hysterical mothers to ‘deadly dads’: spectacle and the anti-nuclear movement." Review of International Studies 33, no. 4 (October 2007): 637–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026021050700770x.
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AbstractThis article uses the trope of ‘hysterical motherhood’ to elucidate one of the unique forms that women’s protest action took at the height of the American anti-nuclear movement. It advances an understanding of ‘hysterical motherhood’ as both an embodied tactic and a performative act, arguing that its tactical effectiveness lay in its ability to redirect the societal gaze from the ‘hystericized’ bodies of women to the bodies and practices of militarised men. In so doing, it (re)structured the field of the possible: constraining and enabling performative enactments of masculinity and the nuclear state.
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Zahra, Momal. "Dynamics of Surveillance and Discovery of Self in Musharraf Ali Farooqi's The Story of a Widow." Journal of English Language, Literature and Education 1, no. 04 (May 18, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2020.01049.
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This qualitative research identifies Foucault's idea of panoptical surveillance (1995) based on Jeremy Bentham's ideal prison in The Story of a Widow by Musharraf Ali Farooqi. Research draws parallel between 'panopticon' and societal surveillance which is in the form of traditions, norms, male gaze and resistance strategies and traces behaviour of characters in response to surveillance. The character of novel's protagonist – Mona is particularly analyzed through panoptic lens of theory. This study traces notion of “ideology” and “interpellation” from Althusser's essay “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses” (1971) in order to depict struggle of Mona against ideological surveillance. Social ideologies form identity of individuals and thrust their power and subjection on Mona who in turn fights for creating her own identity. The research endeavours to explore struggle of women in finding 'Self' under societal surveillance and ideologies which hail people as 'subjects'. It also aims to study whether it is possible for a woman to attain self-satisfaction by rebelling against prevailing societal notions which act as hurdle in practicing their rights or not. This research will further help to discover dynamics of power and authority for both genders and shall establish humanistic approach of gender equality. It will aid in inculcating the notion that societal surveillance should be beneficial for growth of all individuals rather than restricting the autonomy of some (women) in society which leads to social unrest.
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López Ramírez, Manuela. "Gothic Noir Filmic Male Gaze: Gender Stereotyping in Margaret Atwood’s “The Freeze-Dried Groom”." Ambigua: Revista de Investigaciones sobre Género y Estudios Culturales, no. 8 (December 14, 2021): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.46661/ambigua.5899.
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Stereotyping has been crucial in artistic representations, especially cinema, in the construction of gender paradigms. Males and females have been portrayed by means of simplified unrealistic clichés with the purpose of controlling and constraining them into patriarchal roles and conventions, promoting societal normative ideologies. Noir women are projections of male anxieties about female sexuality and female independence. In “The Freeze-Dried Groom,” Atwood unveils gender stereotyping through a typically film noir male gaze in three of its stock characters: the femme attrapée, the “detective” and the femme fatale. Hence, Atwood depicts a femme fatale to reflect not just on this character in film noir, but also on female identity, gender dynamics and feminism. She exposes and questions the marriage-family institution, and the patriarchal society as a whole.
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Guimarães Corrêa, Laura. "Intersectionality: A challenge for cultural studies in the 2020s." International Journal of Cultural Studies 23, no. 6 (August 8, 2020): 823–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367877920944181.
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In this article I argue that the intersectional paradigm is a necessary tool to approach culture in the new decade, drawing mainly on the scholarship of Black feminism. I also argue that cultural studies can benefit from drawing attention to production – be it in popular culture or in academia – that comes from the margins, that is, from individuals who face interlocked oppressions and who experience life from the standpoint of an outsider-within, a familiar stranger with an oppositional gaze. Different perspectives tend to bring decentralized, broader knowledge and inventive possibilities for academic research and societal change.
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Klauser, Francisco, and Silvana Pedrozo. "Big data from the sky: popular perceptions of private drones in Switzerland." Geographica Helvetica 72, no. 2 (June 6, 2017): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-231-2017.
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Abstract. Camera-fitted drones are now easily affordable for the public. The resulting extension of the vertical gaze raises a series of critical questions, ranging from the changing regimes of visibility and control that characterise today's world of big data from the sky to the novel opportunities, risks, and power dynamics hence implied. The paper addresses these issues empirically, focussing on the popular perception of commercial and hobby drones in Switzerland. This provides a deeper understanding of the driving forces and obstacles that shape current drone developments and highlights that the societal diffusion of private drones today transforms the very ways in which the aerial realm is lived and perceived, as a highly contested space of risks, opportunities, and power. This discussion is rooted in a research approach that places questions of power and (air-)space at the centre when approaching the drone problematic.
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Fau, Hélène. "Affinity By Sarah Waters. A Way into Genderlessness Powered by Ocular Centrism And Spirits." Gender Studies 19, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/genst-2021-0004.
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Abstract Affinity by Sarah Waters tells the story of sexless and genderless spirits (and of their human bodily forms, the spiritualists) slowly taking possession of one woman, Margaret Prior, who actually, unknowingly, shelters inner predispositions to spiritualism prior to the spirits’ intervention, giving thus credit to what her surname had proleptically heralded from the very start. It all occurs via ocular centrism, embodied by a powerful Gaze, slithering throughout the plot. It first mesmerises the spiritualists-to-be before catapulting them into a maelstrom of reversals and distortions. This twisting manoeuvre can be read as an attempt to outroot and erase previously assimilated societal constructs. The spirits’ genderlessness can then deploy unencumbered. A liberating emancipation is finally completed. This article first dwells on ocular centrism before dealing with all the reversals and tiltings progressively coming up to the surface, as well as with genderless metonymic substitutes acting on behalf of the spirits.
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Gray, Mitchell. "Urban Surveillance and Panopticism: will we recognize the facial recognition society?" Surveillance & Society 1, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): 314–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v1i3.3343.
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This paper explores the implementation of facial recognition surveillance mechanisms as a reaction to perceptions of insecurity in urban spaces. Facial recognition systems are part of an attempt to reduce insecurity through knowledge and vision, but, paradoxically, their use may add to insecurity by transforming society in unanticipated directions. Facial recognition promises to bring the disciplinary power of panoptic surveillance envisioned by Bentham - and then examined by Foucault - into the contemporary urban environment. The potential of facial recognition systems – the seamless integration of linked databases of human images and the automated digital recollection of the past – will necessarily alter societal conceptions of privacy as well as the dynamics of individual and group interactions in public space. More strikingly, psychological theory linked to facial recognition technology holds the potential to breach a final frontier of surveillance, enabling attempts to read the minds of those under its gaze by analyzing the flickers of involuntary microexpressions that cross their faces and betray their emotions.
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Von Kondratowitz, Hans-Joachim. "Aging worlds in contradiction: gerontological observations in the Mediterranean region." International Journal of Ageing and Later Life 10, no. 1 (December 17, 2015): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ijal.1652-8670.1510135.
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This article discusses the existing and developing aging regimes in the Northern and Southern rim countries of the whole Mediterranean region which are all undergoing considerable social and political transformation processes. It is argued that several eye-opening theoretical interventions for such a gerontological project may lead to some methodological problems and pitfalls, which have to be dealt with productively. Central collective concepts of such an analysis (as the change-oriented “modernization effects” of societal aging and the continuity-oriented gaze at the “unity of the region”) have to be reconsidered and ought to be more differentiated in order to allow smaller social entities (such as kinship and community systems and their connectivity) to be central orientations for analyzing poverty and care management in old age in the Mediterranean region. How to reconnect such a rather micro-political agenda with large processes and big structures of aging policies in the region however still remains an open question.
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Chow, Pei-Sze, Anne Marit Waade, and Robert A. Saunders. "Geopolitical Television Drama Within and Beyond the Nordic Region." Nordicom Review 41, s1 (September 10, 2020): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nor-2020-0013.
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AbstractThis article presents a framework for thinking about the intersections between geopolitics and Northern European television drama by examining the contemporary Nordic Noir genre of crime drama. Nordic Noir features not only the double plot that combines sociopolitical critique with crime drama, but also a third “gaze” that engages aesthetics and territorial features that further individual series’ geopolitical critique. Nordic Noir has become especially attuned to contemporary geopolitical issues specific to its setting (climate change, East-West rivalries, etc.), through which viewers engage with region-specific geopolitical codes and visions. However, what happens when Nordic geopolitical television drama series are exported and transculturally adapted to different geopolitical and cultural realities? By examining the Southeast Asian localisation of The Bridge (Viu/HBO Asia, 2018–) that transforms Nordic Noir into “tropical noir”, this article critically reflects on the geopolitical power and societal engagement of the Nordic Noir template both within and beyond the Nordic region.
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Bradshaw, Alan, and Stephen Brown. "Up Rising: Rehabilitating J.G. Ballard’s High-Rise with R.D. Laing and Lauren Berlant." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 36, no. 2 (January 4, 2018): 331–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775817748329.
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High-Rise by J.G. Ballard intriguingly contains a pivotal character named Dr. Robert Laing, surely an allusion to the then influential psychiatric writer, Dr. R.D. Laing. Re-reading Ballard's classic text through the prism of Laing’s theories, with further explication of the role of flat affect via Lauren Berlant, this article presents a new interpretation of a classic text that argues that Ballard ingeniously misdirected his readers into making identifications with precisely the wrong characters and the wrong actions. Re-focusing a subject gaze in accordance with these theoretical analyses, allows for an entirely alternative understanding of the text in which Ballard was more than a pessimistic prophet of inexorable urban breakdown, he foretold societal rehabilitation as well. High-Rise is read as a classic of psychogeography, an established genre which is argued to be of great relevance to the study of society and space. This article therefore engages in a reading of a psychogeographical text via theory implicitly alluded to by the text itself.
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Opara, Ruth, and Benedict Agbo. "Music, Seduction, and New Beginnings: The Ikorodo Maiden Dance of Nsukka." Ethnomusicology 66, no. 3 (October 1, 2022): 497–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/21567417.66.3.08.
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Abstract Why are conversations about seduction, the female body, and choosing partners central at a funeral during the Ikorodo music performance? How does Ikorodo enact the act of seduction? How has the act of seduction and Ikorodo performance practice evolved? How do Ikorodo performances express the indigenous conceptions of seductions? These are the questions this article addresses to reveal—how Ikorodo dance provides a platform for new beginnings and enactments of Nsukka Igbo societal gender ideologies. Drawing from indigenous conceptions of seduction, histories, practitioners’ and audiences’ narratives, archival materials, existing scholarship, and Ikorodu performance practice as experienced and collected during fieldwork, this article explores how Ikorodo dance—a traditional musical genre well known and performed in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria—maintains its primary function of providing a space where maiden dancers utilize music to find life partners even when performed at a funeral. Emphasis on the male gaze interrogates the dominant idea that music gives African women agency.
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Peters, Chris, and Marcel Broersma. "Fusion cuisine: A functional approach to interdisciplinary cooking in journalism studies." Journalism 20, no. 5 (May 15, 2018): 660–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884918760671.
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Journalism studies as an academic field is characterized by multidisciplinarity. Focusing on one object of study, journalism and the news, it established itself by integrating and synthesizing approaches from established disciplines – a tendency that lives on today. This constant gaze to the outside for conceptual inspiration and methodological tools lends itself to a journalism studies that is a fusion cuisine of media, communication, and related scholarship. However, what happens when this object becomes as fragmented and multifaceted as the ways we study it? This essay addresses the challenge of multiplicity in journalism studies by introducing an audience-centred, functional approach to scholarship. We argue this approach encourages the creative intellectual advancements afforded by interdisciplinary experimental cooking while respecting the classical intellectual questions that helped define the culinary tradition of journalism studies in the first place. In so doing, we offer a recipe for journalism studies fusion cooking that: (1) considers technological change (audiences’ diets), (2) analyses institutional change (audiences’ supermarket of information), and (3) evaluates journalism’s societal and democratic impact (audiences’ cuisines and health).
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Hasan, Zubair. "Islamic Home Finance in the Social Mirror." ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance 3, no. 1 (June 15, 2011): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.55188/ijif.v3i1.123.
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Shelter is one of the basic needs for human beings. Its availability for the people is an Islamic imperative. In view of the appalling living conditions of a substantial proportion of the population in most countries around the world, especially Muslim, Islamic banks have entered the field with various schemes for home financing. In this infant industry, this effort is understandably guided by the profit motive, but a social dimension has to surface in the course of time. Unfortunately, the models banks currently use for home financing remain under the juridical gaze, more so as the practice is not always found to be transparent. This paper looks at Islamic home financing models in a broader societal context. It evaluates the efficacy of the current financing structures practised and suggests a new approach. The proposed model is shown as superior to the existing ones. It meets the norms of equity, fair play and openness and does not, presumably, violate any other Islamic norm. Finally, the paper makes some policy suggestions to integrate Islamic home financing into the broader social goals of an Islamic economy.
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Lehtonen, Turo-Kimmo, and Olli Pyyhtinen. "From Trash to Treasure." Valuation Studies 7, no. 2 (July 8, 2020): 197–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/vs.2001-5992.2020.7.2.197-220.
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The paper, based on an ongoing research project conducted in Finland, examines voluntary dumpster diving as a practice of valuation. Its main questions are: How is voluntary dumpster diving intertwined with the question of value? And, conversely, what can dumpster diving teach us about practices of valuation more generally? The article proceeds via three steps. First, in order to emphasize the creative side of dumpster diving as a practice of valuation, we draw on Georg Simmel’s theory of value, supplementing it with the concepts of actuality and virtuality, as elaborated by Gilles Deleuze. Second, we look more closely into the practicalities of valuation evident in dumpster diving. It involves a particular orientation to the urban environment that we call the scavenger gaze. Third, the informants also value the practice itself in relation to its societal relevance. They think about dumpster diving as a way of doing good and as part of an ecologically sound form of life. All in all, as value does not reside inherently in waste or would simply be merely the product of subjective judgment, the analyst must attend to multiple modes of valuation evident in the practice, among which there is no self-evident hierarchy.
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Hasan, Haris. "The Depiction Of Rape Scenes In Popular Hindi Cinema : A Critical Examination Of Representation Of Gender In Media." Journal of Women Empowerment and Studies, no. 12 (October 27, 2021): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jwes.12.42.46.
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The portrayal of female gender in performing arts has been a product of constant societal change. From the days when Female parts were acted upon by male counterparts to the advent of motion pictures and the role of women in making the medium their own , the journey has been long. This can be also studied under the context of anthropology, gender issues, and women emancipation. The female characters have been always fixed into the narrative by the virtue of a certain appeal they exhibit. From Laura Mulvey’s male gaze theory in cinema to the aesthetics of violence in cinema , both have been depicted in experimental ways in films. The portrayal of rape scenes dishonoring the basic existential being of any women have been shot in a number of ways to make a case in point in the film narrative. The shooting of such sequences and the psychological impact of this on the female casts is a critical study within cinema studies. Much to the women empowerment and vocal voices there has been a critical debate on how to film the female body and more so traumatic sequences such as the depiction of rape in the narrative.
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Moffat, Amber. "Breast augmentation and artificial insemination: Monstrous medicine and the female body in recent fiction." Australasian Journal of Popular Culture 11, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ajpc_00057_1.
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Recent fiction that depicts medical intervention upon the female body as monstrous reveals societal anxiety around aesthetic and reproductive medicine. As biotechnology rapidly advances, the female body continues to be a site on which improvements, efficiencies and controls are imposed. While Kristeva’s abject and Creed’s ‘monstrous-feminine’ explain the capacity of the female body to imbue horror, this literary analysis explores how the experience of the medicalized female body can convey anxiety relating to escalating aesthetic and reproductive demands. Works of fiction by Kawakami, Mazza, Hortle, Booth, Giddings, Gildfind and Taylor are considered in terms of medicine and the female body, with the narratives revealing common themes of monstrosity. Bakhtin’s grotesque and Kristeva’s abject informs the analysis, as does Foucault’s concept of the ‘medical gaze’. Bartky’s ‘fashion-beauty complex’ frames the investigation into depictions of cosmetic surgery, while the impact of capitalism is considered in relation to reproductive technologies and medical experimentation. The power structures that medicine operates within are considered and the article argues that the representation of medicine as monstrous in relation to the female body expresses collective unease about the increasingly unstable boundaries of the human body itself.
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Gordon, Joel. "THE SLAPS FELT AROUND THE ARAB WORLD: FAMILY AND NATIONAL MELODRAMA IN TWO NASSER-ERA MUSICALS." International Journal of Middle East Studies 39, no. 2 (May 2007): 209–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743807070079.
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This essay is an attempt to read popular melodrama as a reflection of changing societal appreciations of sentimentality, romance, family relations, and, ultimately, political authority over the course of a tumultuous decade in Egyptian and Middle Eastern history, the 1960s. I focus my gaze upon two particular films that were in their day popular hits, one of them an unprecedented blockbuster, and that remain genre classics. Both feature popular screen icon ءAbd al-Halim Hafiz, the greatest vocalist of his generation, a recording and performing artist who came of age with the onset of the July 1952 Free Officers' revolution and was intimately associated with the Nasserist project. Both films treat generation gaps relating specifically to issues of dating and courtship—what might be called, in the context of their era, “free love.” Both are concerned with troubled relationships between a son and his disapproving, authoritarian father. Halim's father in both films is played by the same actor, ءImad Hamdi, and Halim's love interest—albeit in very different contexts—is played by the same ravishing starlet, Nadia Lutfi. Finally, both films turn upon a single powerful dramatic act of parental discipline, a slap (or series of slaps) delivered by an outraged patriarch across the cheek of a rebellious, yet ultimately dutiful, son.
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O’Brien, Hannah, and Tony O’Brien. "Palliation in a pandemic: the human cost of achieving the greater good." Palliative Care and Social Practice 16 (January 2022): 263235242211417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26323524221141720.
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The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 created major challenges for specialist palliative care services. Significant ethical challenges have arisen in practising a holistic approach to patient and family care, while observing local and national health care policy in the face of a global pandemic. This report highlights the challenges that arose for a patient, family members and staff consequent on COVID-related visiting restrictions. An integrated specialist palliative care inpatient unit and elderly care facility in Ireland. A 50-year-old married mother of three teenagers and one 12-year-old child with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is described. The patient could not speak or move her limbs. She communicated using an eye gaze device. She had previously declined enteral feeding, and noninvasive ventilatory support was not tolerated. Her husband was particularly attentive and remarkably intuitive in identifying her unspoken needs. At the start of the pandemic, visiting was severely curtailed in line with national policies. The change in visiting policies caused enormous distress to the patient, her family and to the staff members. IT devices were of limited benefit. The current pandemic has had a significant impact on families and health care professionals in which balancing individual need and traditional freedoms against the wider societal need are necessary in limiting the spread of COVID-19.
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Ashraf, Dr Rumana. "Representation of Kashmiri Women in Naseem Shifaee’s Selected Poems." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 9, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v9i1.10885.
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The paper undertakes examination of selected poems of Naseem Shifaee’s translated in English by Neerja Mattoo by focusing on female identity . Literature looks at humanity with a questioning as well as affirmative gaze, disapproving and approving at the same time, reaffirming stereotypes as well as breaking them. Throughout ages narratives in Kashmir have revealed the inbuilt discrimination and biases against women. Cultural space for women is highly restricted in Kashmir. In spite of their marginalized position Kashmiri women made themselves heard ,undeterred by established womanly restraints interrogated the patriarchal practices and refused to live in a culture of silence . Naseem Shifaee is a powerful women voice acclaimed internationally with the publication of her first poetry collection Darichi Matsrith (windows thrown open) highlighted the existing reality of women in contemporary Kashmir. The paper will explore the incongruity between the societal image of female poetic persona and her own instincts about her true nature .It will be argued how poetic persona is trapped in male allotted and confined space, persuaded to look at herself continually in terms of social conventions according to which women are denigrated by patriarchal supremacy .The bewildered state of mind leads her to undertake the obsessive search for her authentic self identity. She questions what if roles were reversed? In other two poems Naseem questions patriarchal traditions Naseem Shifaee assume the role of the medium in establishing female non being into self-realized person.
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S.A., Borkar. "Scrutiny of Mahesh Dattani’s ‘Dance’ in “Dance Like a Man” from Judith Butler’s Perspective." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 7, no. 4 (2022): 327–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.74.49.
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Dattani’s plays deal with gender identity and gender discrimination. Society has imposed gender stereotypes on both men and women and when one does not accept or follow the roles decided for them there are ‘outcasts’ in the patriarchal world. In the play ‘Dance like a Man’, Jairaj and Ratna both with a common passion for dance are victims of Amritlal the patriarch of the family. Even after Amritlal’s demise Jairaj, his son cannot get rid of the expectations of his father which eventually leads him into depression and alcoholism. In contrast, Ratna at every stage cooperates with Amritlal for her benefit and pursues her passions till the end. Hegemonic masculinity norms can be traced to society’s pressure on women to be groomed and look desirable. This is the opposite of what’s seen in most animals where male species work on their looks to attract females. Ideas of hegemonic masculinity and emphasized femininity have directly resulted in the oppression of every gender for several centuries. Dattani’s Jairaj and Ratna have both suffered from patriarchy, subjugation, the quest for identity and the male gaze. The journey of both characters through all this has one the winner and the other the loser. One character fulfils its desires and wishes while the other merely participates under societal norms. This research paper attempts to analyze Mahesh Dattani’s ‘Dance like a Man ‘ from Judith Butler’s perspective of identity politics and gender performity.
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Bagga-Gupta, Sangeeta. "“Promises in policy” and “policy as participation”: Equity and language in and across the wilderness of contemporary human life." Bandung 9, no. 1-2 (February 24, 2022): 103–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21983534-09010005.
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Abstract While promises of equity mark (inter)national declarations and laws that contemporary democratic societies subscribe to, accessibility and participation for-all continues to remain out of reach for increasing numbers of people and “named-groups” across the global-North/South. Going beyond issues regarding gaps between progressive policies and people’s accounts of their experiences, this paper illuminates the mundane nature of participation by putting the spotlight on people’s everyday lives in and across different societal sectors. By doing so, it illustrates the mundane nature of processes that constitute the “policies of equity and language as participation”. Issues of promises in policies in contemporary democratic societies like Sweden are discussed as framings that need to be decentered and troubled through a multi-scale analytical gaze at the mundane, messy and wild nature of human life. The study draws on data from three projects where data generation has and is taking place through (n)ethnographic fieldwork and cross-scale policy sourcing. Drawing inspiration from the entanglements of two theoretical framings of significance to participation and equity – sociocultural integrationist perspectives and decolonial Southern theories, this paper maps human geographies and performative co-agencies, and illustrates how practices intrinsic to one arena are disrupted or maintained through practices in others. The study also discusses representations of “named-language”, “named-modality” and “named-identity” through a Southern analytical aperture that calls for acknowledging the roles of different types of semiotic resources when human meaning-making is made salient.
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Sajjad, Noor-ul-Ain, and Ayesha Perveen. "Private Heterotopia and the Public Space: An Incongruity Explored Through Orhan Pamuk’s My Name Is Red." SAGE Open 9, no. 1 (January 2019): 215824401882449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244018824490.
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The article studies art, as presented in Orhan Pamuk’s My Name Is Red, as a heterotopia based on Michel Foucault’s six principles. After outlining the six principles of heterotopia as enunciated by Foucault, the study excavates heterotopia of crisis and deviation from the novel. Art as a medium of representation has cathartic potential creating heterotopia in societies dominated by public discourses against art. It provides the artist with a medium for personal and private expression, thus creating a desanctified space. The notion that art that is made public restricts such liberty for the artist is proposed and justified. In My Name Is Red, characters such as Elegant Effendi and Olive can be seen tormented by the conflict between the social and the heterotopic. True expression of their art makes both of them lose their place, albeit in different ways. This implies that if a heterotopia of deviation has to be made public, in most cases, the honesty of expression is tampered with by the artist, even if unconsciously, because of societal pressures. Heterotopia of deviation is not compatible with the public gaze and making it public will create a heterotopia of crisis for the honest artists. This is why the artist hides his real creative inspiration. If art could be accepted as a desanctified medium without any moral or hegemonic judgment, it might attain its desired impact which politicization of the medium restricts in many judgmental societies. Pamuk pens this dilemma down by taking his readers back to the 16th-century Istanbul while drawing a parallel to the present era.
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Waldman, Linda. "Christian Souls and Griqua Boorlings: Religious and Political Identity in Griquatown." Itinerario 27, no. 3-4 (November 2003): 205–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300020830.
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The politics of coloured people in twentieth-century South Africa have generally been characterised as marginal from mainstream South African events. Correspondingly, attempts to initiate political developments along cultural or ethnic lines - emphasising Mama or Griqua identity, for example - have been noted primarily for their divisive and factional composition. Such writings focus on overt political action. They highlight either leaders’ involvement with, or opposition to, state structures; or the internal, often petty and frustrated conflicts between leaders, but fail to explain the marginalisation of coloured politics. But this emphasis on ‘the political’ removes from our gaze other, more productive avenues for understanding the identity of mixed-race people in South Africa. Political activity, for the Griqua, cannot be evaluated except through the lens of Christianity. Since religion promises to fulfil people's ambitions through redemption in the afterlife, Griqua-Christian ideas about overt political quests and active campaigning against discrimination - on either an individual or societal level - tended to be deemed unnecessary. As it was God who ultimately meted out punishments or rewards, Griqua people's energies were better used worshipping him. Nonetheless, these same Griqua people lived in the profane world in which - at least during the apartheid era - they were officially classified as ‘coloured’. Their struggles, based primarily on the need for official ethnic recognition as Griqua, were, in effect, political struggles. This partly Griqua, partly coloured identity enabled them considerable political flexibility and produced the complex social patterns explored below. A further distinction underpinning the Griqua-coloured ambiguity was that between inkommers (newcomers) and boorlings (people born to Griqua-town).
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OUTRAM, SIMON M., and GEORGE T. H. ELLISON. "ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSIGHTS INTO THE USE OF RACE/ETHNICITY TO EXPLORE GENETIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO DISPARITIES IN HEALTH." Journal of Biosocial Science 38, no. 1 (November 3, 2005): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932005000921.
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Anthropological insights into the use of race/ethnicity to explore genetic contributions to disparities in health were developed using in-depth qualitative interviews with editorial staff from nineteen genetics journals, focusing on the methodological and conceptual mechanisms required to make race/ethnicity a genetic variable. As such, these analyses explore how and why race/ethnicity comes to be used in the context of genetic research, set against the background of continuing critiques from anthropology and related human sciences that focus on the social construction, structural correlates and limited genetic validity of racial/ethnic categories. The analyses demonstrate how these critiques have failed to engage geneticists, and how geneticists use a range of essentially cultural devices to protect and separate their use of race/ethnicity as a genetic construct from its use as a societal and social science resource. Given its multidisciplinary, biosocial nature and the cultural gaze of its ethnographic methodologies, anthropology is well placed to explore the cultural separation of science and society, and of natural and social science disciplines. Anthropological insights into the use of race/ethnicity to explore disparities in health suggest that moving beyond genetic explanations of innate difference might benefit from a more even-handed critique of how both the natural and social sciences tend to essentialize selective elements of race/ethnicity. Drawing on the example of HIV/AIDS, this paper demonstrates how public health has been undermined by the use of race/ethnicity as an analytical variable, both as a cipher for innate genetic differences in susceptibility and response to treatment, and in its use to identify ‘core groups’ at greater risk of becoming infected and infecting others. Clearly, a tendency for biological reductionism can place many biomedical issues beyond the scope of public health interventions, while socio-cultural essentialization has tended to stigmatize ‘unhealthy behaviours’ and the communities where these are more prevalent.
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Malekpour, Miniature. "The Feminist Film: An Analysis of the Feminist Narrative Form in the Films of Rakshane Bani-Etemad, Pouran Derakshande, and Manijeh Hekmat." Middle Eastern Journal of Research in Education and Social Sciences 1, no. 2 (November 3, 2020): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47631/mejress.v1i2.130.
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Purpose: In this paper, the aim is to examine film form and narrative in relation to gender identity and the politics of representation. Drawing distinctions between these methods make it possible to identify how feminist frameworks are used to examine identity, aesthetics, and ideology through film culture.
Approach/Methodology/Design: Thematic analysis, employing a feminist perspective. Three films were selected for conducting this type of analysis: Rakshane Bani-Etemad’s ‘Nargess’, Manijeh Hekmat’s ‘Women’s Prison’ and Pouran Derakshande’s ‘Hush! Girls Don’t Scream.
Findings: By understanding the representation of women in Iranian Cinema and the cultural/traditional norms and values of the Iranian Society, I argue that the narrative form identifies feminist perspectives, which create an Iranian feminist cinema. Combining textual analysis with a greater concern for the audience-text relationship, and the rejection of the male gaze, these films recognize texts as shaped by the struggle to make meaning amongst institutions which shapes the filmic text from different components of the socio-historical context, and which creates a relationship between feminist film and cultural studies.
Practical Implications: Iranian female directors have been adopting a feminist approach in their films’ narrative structure dating back to the reformist period of the 90s. Through the social/political context of female characters and the counter-cinematic development of agents, circumstances, and surroundings of the systems of patriarchy and oppression, women directors have been applying feminist narrative form to their work as evident in Rakshane Bani-Etemad’s ‘Nargess,’ Manijeh Hekmat’s ‘Women’s Prison’ and Pouran Derakshande’s ‘Hush! Girls Don’t Scream.
Originality/value: This paper analyzes the principles of female desire through these selected films, the patriarchal dominance of societal oppression, the female condition, and the examination of violence in the traditions and attitudes related to women while looking at the representation of this violence and oppression in the Iranian Society.
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McGowan, Richard A., and John F. Mahon. "Strategies for Playing the Business and Societal Game." Handbook of Business Strategy 4, no. 1 (January 2003): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb060252.
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Kuch, Peter J. "Societal Constraints on Agriculture: Discussion." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 26, no. 1 (July 1994): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800019209.
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The three papers presented here made interesting reading, provided much food for thought, and gave evidence of a great deal of effort.The moderator asked us to pay special attention to how well each paper addresses “the struggle between environmental regulation and the policy of maintaining cheap food”. I will attempt to deal with this and to give my reaction to other related issues that come to mind.
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Prange-Gstöhl, Heiko. "Eroding societal trust: a game-changer for EU policies and institutions?" Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research 29, no. 4 (March 31, 2016): 375–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2016.1166038.
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Ratamäki, Outi. "From Ecological Concerns Toward Solving Societal Problems?" International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change 4, no. 2 (April 2013): 42–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jissc.2013040103.
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The wolf is an endangered species. Principles for the conservation of wolves have been agreed upon internationally through, for example, European Union instruments. However, international agreements and goals are often in opposition with needs and opinions at the national and, especially, local level. Differing cultural and practical perceptions have not been taken into account in the formulation of internationalising politics. Results of such ‘top-down’ politics include lack of respect and commitment at the local level. Ultimately, the wolf loses in this game. The article examines how wolf conservation and policy developed in Finland from the 1960s to the early 2000s. It will be shown how ecological concerns have been taken seriously in the design of the wolf policy while societal concerns have not gained similar interest or strategic planning.
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Park, Solip, Annakaisa Kultima, Miikka J. Lehtonen, and Jeanine Krath. "Everywhere but Nowhere: Development Experiences of the International Game Developers in Finland during the Covid-19 Pandemic and Remote Work." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CHI PLAY (October 25, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3549496.
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The Covid-19 pandemic has influenced people's views on work, and a significant portion of the global game industry converted to remote work during the pandemic. To explore the status of game development in this pivotal moment, we have conducted semi-structured interviews with 27 immigrant/expatriate game developers ("game expats") in Finland analyzing their migration push and pull on societal, industrial, social, and individual factors. The results indicate societal and industrial factors simultaneously influencing game expats' migration intention, but with an increasing influence of game corporation's role on developers' both on-the-job and off-the-job embeddedness due to an absence of (local) community activities during the pandemic. The data also reveals that game developers are valuing the physical workspace for face-to-face interactions, despite the industrial norm of digital tools and seamless transition to remote work. Furthermore, an alarming stratification and hierarchization within the game industry were identified, which game developers self-dividing in-house versus outsourced workforce even if they were both required to work remotely. This paper contributes to game studies on game developers' experiences as an attempt to investigate the local context of game development. It is also one of the first snapshots of game work practices in Finland during the Covid-19 era.
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Cleemput, Irina, Stephan Devriese, Laurence Kohn, Carl Devos, Janine van Til, Catharina G. M. Groothuis-Oudshoorn, and Carine van de Voorde. "What Does the Public Want? Structural Consideration of Citizen Preferences in Health Care Coverage Decisions." MDM Policy & Practice 3, no. 2 (July 2018): 238146831879962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2381468318799628.
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Background. Multi-criteria decision analysis can improve the legitimacy of health care reimbursement decisions by taking societal preferences into account when weighting decision criteria. This study measures the relative importance of health care coverage criteria according to the Belgian general public and policy makers. Criteria are structured into three domains: therapeutic need, societal need, and new treatments’ added value. Methods. A sample of 4,288 citizens and 161 policy makers performed a discrete choice experiment. Data were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Level-independent criteria weights were determined using the log-likelihood method. Results. Both the general public and policy makers gave the highest weight to quality of life in the appraisal of therapeutic need (0.43 and 0.53, respectively). The general public judged life expectancy (0.14) as less important than inconvenience of current treatment (0.43), unlike decision makers (0.32 and 0.15). The general public gave more weight to “impact of a disease on public expenditures” (0.65) than to “prevalence of the disease” (0.56) when appraising societal need, whereas decision makers’ weights were 0.44 and 0.56, respectively. When appraising added value, the general public gave similar weights to “impact on quality of life” and “impact on prevalence” (0.37 and 0.36), whereas decision makers judged “impact on quality of life” (0.39) more important than “impact on prevalence” (0.29). Both gave the lowest weight to impact on life expectancy (0.14 and 0.21). Limitations. Comparisons between the general public and policy makers should be treated with caution because the policy makers’ sample size was small. Conclusion. Societal preferences can be measured and used as decision criteria weights in multi-criteria decision analysis. This cannot replace deliberation but can improve the transparency of health care coverage decision processes.
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Basori, Ahmad Hoirul. "NAO-Teach: helping kids to learn societal and theoretical knowledge with friendly human-robot interaction." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 1657. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i3.pp1657-1664.
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<span lang="EN-GB">Robotic technology has affected the education field, and even early education involves robot to attract Kids. Technical education is the notion of giving students knowledge of robots and technology. The main contribution of our research is to provide an interactive way of learning for kids through play and fun method. Two approaches proposed here: first, we provide an interactive game by touching robots body parts to teach kids how they were practising their motoric nerve and the listening to the instruction. In this game, kids asked to find some robot parts such as right hand, or left hand, where it equipped with a tactile sensor. The game difficulty can be increased by setting up the time limit for the answer and make kids touch the body parts of the robot very fast. The second learning method is practising number counting and pronunciation with NAO Robots. The robots will do computer vision processing to analyse and pronounce the kids handwriting with an artificial neural network. The result of implementation has obtained more than 75% success rate on recognition part with loss es than 0.6. The system received strong appreciation from kids and their parent, while This research believed able to attract kids to study in interactive and fun ways.</span>
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Armenia, Stefano, Natalia Ciobanu, Michalina Kulakowska, Glykeria Myrovali, Jason Papathanasiou, Alessandro Pompei, Georgios Tsaples, and Loukas Tsironis. "An Innovative Game-Based Approach for Teaching Urban Sustainability." Balkan Region Conference on Engineering and Business Education 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 338–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cplbu-2020-0040.
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AbstractThis paper is based on SUSTAIN, an ERASMUS+ project with an innovative perspective on urban transportation, and its target is to promote the importance of sustainability on the everyday problem of urban transportation among the students of higher education (and not only), who are the policy makers of tomorrow. In order to achieve its goals, the research team is currently developing a course that will be based on an interactive serious board game with an analytical style of education. SUSTAIN’s purpose is to create a game that will allow students to learn about transportation sustainability and societal metabolism through playing. The project partners develop small and illustrative simulation models, which will make the definitions more concrete and allow students to experiment largely in a consequence-free environment. The simulation models can be used to identify scenario exemplars on how we can achieve sustainable urban transportation and consequently a balanced societal metabolism, while on the same time taking into account formal decision making processes. In this paper, we are going to explain a Stocks ---amp--- Flows Diagram for the above mentioned model, with a system dynamics approach.
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Moreno Cantano, Antonio César, and Ruth García Martín. "Narrativas videolúdicas y sociedad digital:." Obra digital, no. 22 (February 26, 2022): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25029/od.2022.351.22.
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El presente monográfico pretende reflexionar cómo desde el mundo del videojuego se pueden mostrar y estudiar aspectos como la soledad, la muerte, las guerras, las crisis humanitarias, el ecologismo o las identidades. Para ello, un variado elenco de especialistas sobre el tema, aplicando un enfoque holístico que combina los game studies, la sociología, las relaciones internacionales, los estudios culturales o los estudios de género, aprovecha las potencialidades del medio para hacer un retrato novedoso y complejo de todo aquello que podemos jugar, que no es ni más ni menos que nuestra realidad, con todas sus esquilas y aristas.
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Knight, John. "The Societal Cost of China's Rapid Economic Growth." Asian Economic Papers 15, no. 2 (June 2016): 138–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00435.
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In China, political control is centralized and economic management is decentralized. This gives rise to a serious principal–agent problem, in which the agents are often better informed than the principal. China also has a semi-marketized economy involving much state intervention. This intervention serves both a political and an economic function. It enables the Communist Party to remain in political command and generates formidable patronage resources. It also provides the policy instruments, including incentive structures for officialdom, to maintain a “developmental state.” The combination of economic decentralization and a semi-marketized economy creates a problem of weak accountability and a breeding ground for rent-seeking and corruption. For a quarter of a century China's leadership gave overwhelming priority to the objective of achieving rapid economic growth. This policy was viewed as providing political legitimacy and securing the best protection against social instability. It is argued that the leadership was able to solve the principal–agent problem in its pursuit of economic growth. By contrast, the solution to the principal–agent problem failed in other respects, giving rise to societal costs. Little attention was paid to the dramatic socioeconomic changes—including rising inequality and economic insecurity, environmental degradation, mass migration, rent seeking, and corruption—which accompanied economic growth and posed new challenges. It is argued that these changes help to explain the failure of life satisfaction scores to rise over the two decades from 1990–2010. They can also help to explain the rise in indicators of social instability over that period. It is to be hoped that the new leadership's current anti-corruption campaign, together with its declared policy intention to reduce state economic intervention and increase reliance on competitive markets, will strengthen deterrence and weaken opportunities for rent seeking and corruption. The paper carries the implication that China's economy cannot be well understood except through the lens of political economy.
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Yoda, Mitsumasa, and Yasuhito Shiota. "Development of Game-Robot." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 4, no. 2 (April 20, 1992): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1992.p0159.
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Currently, it is hoped that a robot, which can work together with humans or directly for humans, will be developed because of changing societal needs. Therefore, a robot environment as a human peripheral is necessary. Some of its functions must provide intimacy with humans. The main purpose of this study was to develop a robot to work with humans with the task of playing a game. We developed the robot that plays a game with a human; the robot is called GAME-ROBOT and is a human-intimate robot. Under the development conditions of, (1) human intimate robot, (2) use of existing game articles, and (3) elimination of noise and vibrations, we constructed the system of GAME-ROBOT. Its configuration includes image processing, robot mechanisms operated in space, and main processing with game process routine. After the initial development of GAMEROBOT was able to play a game with human without problems of item in the processing system.
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Fernandes, Pedro M., Francisco C. Santos, and Manuel Lopes. "Norms for beneficial A.I.: A computational analysis of the societal value alignment problem." AI Communications 33, no. 3-6 (December 18, 2020): 155–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/aic-201502.
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The rise of artificial intelligence (A.I.) based systems is already offering substantial benefits to the society as a whole. However, these systems may also enclose potential conflicts and unintended consequences. Notably, people will tend to adopt an A.I. system if it confers them an advantage, at which point non-adopters might push for a strong regulation if that advantage for adopters is at a cost for them. Here we propose an agent-based game-theoretical model for these conflicts, where agents may decide to resort to A.I. to use and acquire additional information on the payoffs of a stochastic game, striving to bring insights from simulation to what has been, hitherto, a mostly philosophical discussion. We frame our results under the current discussion on ethical A.I. and the conflict between individual and societal gains: the societal value alignment problem. We test the arising equilibria in the adoption of A.I. technology under different norms followed by artificial agents, their ensuing benefits, and the emergent levels of wealth inequality. We show that without any regulation, purely selfish A.I. systems will have the strongest advantage, even when a utilitarian A.I. provides significant benefits for the individual and the society. Nevertheless, we show that it is possible to develop A.I. systems following human conscious policies that, when introduced in society, lead to an equilibrium where the gains for the adopters are not at a cost for non-adopters, thus increasing the overall wealth of the population and lowering inequality. However, as shown, a self-organised adoption of such policies would require external regulation.
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Kepes, Sven, Brad J. Bushman, and Craig A. Anderson. "Violent video game effects remain a societal concern: Reply to Hilgard, Engelhardt, and Rouder (2017)." Psychological Bulletin 143, no. 7 (July 2017): 775–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/bul0000112.
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de Kraker, Joop, Astrid Offermans, and Merel M. van der Wal. "Game-Based Social Learning for Socially Sustainable Water Management." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 22, 2021): 4646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094646.
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An important aspect of the social sustainability of a proposed solution is acceptance by societal stakeholders. Acceptance is determined by the extent to which the solution matches with stakeholder perspectives on the problem and preferred ways to deal with it. Social learning can contribute to the social sustainability of water management strategies by achieving a convergence in perspectives among societal stakeholders. Serious games have proven to be effective in generating this type of social learning outcomes, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This article aims to clarify how a multi-player serious game on river management (Sustainable Delta) supports social learning among participants with initially diverging perspectives. Based on a conceptual framework for game-based social learning, hypotheses and expectations were formulated and tested with quantitative and qualitative analyses of game sessions. Convergence of perspectives was observed in 10 out of 12 gaming sessions, but could not, or could only to a limited extent, be explained by the presumed learning support mechanisms in the game’s design. This underlines the importance of opening up the black box of serious games to determine how and why they work. If this is neglected, there is a clear risk that the design of games will be based on wrong, untested assumptions and will be less effective in supporting social learning and social sustainability.
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Suleiman, Lina. "Understanding the Rationales of Donor-Funded NGOs in Palestine." Contemporary Arab Affairs 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 51–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/caa.2021.14.1.51.
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This article uses game theory as a conceptual approach to gain a holistic understanding of the aid policy of donors supporting Palestinian nongovernmental organizations (PNGOs). It asks how the work of donor-funded PNGOs has impacted Palestinian societal common good in general, and who are the winners and losers as a result of their work. Quantitative methods are used to capture the perceptions of the main actors in relation to the societal outcomes of PNGOs’ work and actors’ political and socio-economic payoffs in the occupied West Bank. Most of the findings align with much of the critical research on the negative societal outcomes of the aid policy to the NGO sector, and corroborate that the Palestinian public is a major loser in political terms and the least beneficiary in socio-economic terms.
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Team, SIGCAS. "Life turns fifty." ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society 49, no. 3 (January 22, 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3447913.3447917.
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Mention to computer scientists, gliders, glider guns, birth and death rules and they smile remembering their efforts to study societal life. October marked the 50th anniversary of the publication of John Conway's game of Life in Martin Garner's Mathematical Games column [1], For the lay person with no knowledge of Life, it's difficulty to imagine how popular a single person game with only a single move (i.e. setting the initial conditions) could be.
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Arun, Vani, and K. Mohan. "Women as the Harbingers of the New Revolution in Manju Kapur’s Difficult Daughters." Shanlax International Journal of English 7, no. 2 (March 17, 2019): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/english.v7i2.243.
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Difficult Daughters was written by ManjuKapur, which won the Commonwealth Writer’s Prize, the best first book in Europe and South Asia. The plot is knotted around the societal system that divides women from their basic rights. The three-generation aperture is met by wed locks that drift the very living of women. Manju Kapur often touches on the theme of a male-dominated community that doesn’t let women thrive on their needs and wants after marriage. This study gazes at the societal regimes which outcast women and the hardships they go through if they take the high road of educating themselves.
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Claussen, Cathryn L., and Lori K. Miller. "The Gambling Industry and Sports Gambling: A Stake in the Game?" Journal of Sport Management 15, no. 4 (October 2001): 350–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.15.4.350.
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This article describes developments in the American gambling industry during the decade of the 1990s in light of predictions made in the 1980s. Societal and legal trends in the 1990s are discussed in terms of their relevance for the future of the gambling industry in the first decade of the 21st century. Particular attention is addressed to sports gambling and Internet sports gambling as growth areas in the gambling industry.
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Xiao, Han, Zachary Cohen Eilon, Chen Ji, and Toshiro Tanimoto. "COVID-19 Societal Response Captured by Seismic Noise in China and Italy." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 5 (August 5, 2020): 2757–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200147.
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Abstract Seismic noise with frequencies above 1 Hz is often called “cultural noise” and is generally correlated quite well with human activities. Recently, cities in mainland China and Italy imposed restrictions on travel and day-to-day activity in response to COVID-19, which gave us an unprecedented opportunity to study the relationship between seismic noise above 1 Hz and human activities. Using seismic records from stations in China and Italy, we show that seismic noise above 1 Hz was primarily generated by the local transportation systems. The lockdown of the cities and the imposition of travel restrictions led to an ∼4–12 dB decrease in seismic noise power in mainland China. Data also show that different Chinese cities experienced distinct periods of diminished cultural noise, related to differences in local response to the epidemic. In contrast, there was only ∼1–6 dB decrease of seismic noise power in Italy, after the country was put under a lockdown. The noise data indicate that traffic flow did not decrease as much in Italy and show how different cities reacted distinctly to the lockdown conditions.
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Serrano, Alejandra. "Molloy, de Gare St. Lazare." Investigación Teatral. Revista de artes escénicas y performatividad 11, no. 17 (May 29, 2020): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25009/it.v11i17.2619.
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En el marco del IV Congreso Anual de la Sociedad Samuel Beckett,1 realizado por primera vez en México, se presentó la Compañía Gare St. Lazare de Irlanda, con una adaptación homónima de Molloy, novela de Samuel Beckett, bajo la dirección de Judy Hegarty Lovett y la actuación de Conor Lovett (beckett-mexico.org).Recibido: 29 de mayo de 2019Aceptado: 18 de febrero de 2020
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Gust, Devens, David Kramer, Ana Moore, Thomas A. Moore, and Wim Vermaas. "Engineered and Artificial Photosynthesis: Human Ingenuity Enters the Game." MRS Bulletin 33, no. 4 (April 2008): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2008.78.
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All oxygen-dependent life depends on photosynthesis. In addition to breathing the oxygen produced by photosynthesis, humans have been harnessing energy from photosynthesis for millennia. Since the beginning of human societal structures, human needs have driven the evolution of agricultural production, and they continue to do so. Recently, it has been suggested that agriculture can contribute substantially to human technological (nonnutritional) energy needs. This possibility raises concern because the projections of human energy needs argue convincingly that without large increases in energy conversion effciency (ECE), land-grown biofuel production and food production will compete for land, a largely untenable compromise given the current nutritional status of the world's underdeveloped societies.
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Dogan, Murat Ertan. "A Theory for Knowing in the Network Society." International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development 6, no. 4 (October 2014): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijicthd.2014100103.
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Rapid changes and developments in the information and communication technologies have led to societal transformation and emergence of new social structures. In consequence of these, information has become a vital necessity for every individual in the 21st century, and the social structures have been shaped within the framework of processes for diffusion of information. Moreover, technological and societal changes gave rise to the changes in the nature of information (formation and diffusion) and in the process of having access to the information. In this study, changes in the nature of information and knowing are being discussed on the basis of the theories explaining societal change after the industrial revolution. The study will refer to the characteristics of the learning theories and theoretically assess Connectivisim, which is suggested to be a theory for the contemporary era. This paper discusses Connectivism as an approach which explains learning within the social structures of the Network Society and the Post-Industrial Society based on the review of the theories.
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Lux, Joelle-Denise, Alexandra Budke, and Emmanuel Guardiola. "Games Versus Reality? How Game Designers Deal with Current Topics of Geography Education." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 5, no. 11 (November 9, 2021): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti5110070.
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Digital entertainment games frequently address current societal issues that are also dealt with in geography education, such as climate change or sustainable city development, and give various opportunities for learning. However, in order to be fully able to determine the games’ educational potential and to instruct meaningful reflection on them in class, the designers’ approaches to realism regarding these topics need to be understood. Therefore, we have developed a model of realism in games and conducted 9 interviews with 10 experts from the entertainment game industry about their understanding of and dealing with realism concerning the represented geographical topics. In many cases, the interviewees’ approach to incorporating real-world issues can be regarded as beneficial for their games’ educational potential, and some designers even pursued learning goals. However, we also identified approaches that can result in questionable presentations of real societal issues. We found the most problematic one to be the prioritization of player expectations for the sake of perceived realism. This approach may lead to the depiction of stereotypes and common misconceptions. The results presented in our study may help teachers to prepare reflection on such misrepresentations in class, or designers to become more aware of the educational implications of different forms of game realism.
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Körtvélyesi, Zsolt, and Balázs Majtényi. "Game of Values: The Threat of Exclusive Constitutional Identity, the EU and Hungary." German Law Journal 18, no. 7 (December 1, 2017): 1721–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200022513.
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There is an increasing, or increasingly visible, societal trend in the EU and beyond—often followed by constitutional changes—that challenges inclusive constitutional values. The discourses underlying these changes emphasize the inviolability of national identity and redefine it with a strong reliance on exclusive constitutional values. This Article asserts that exclusive constitutional values—that are defined as values that question the moral equality of some members of the community—necessarily shrink the room for inclusive values, and a critical mass of exclusive values can lead to a hallowing out of a democratic order, both on the national and on the supranational level. The Article presents Hungary as a case where the populist-exclusivist elements of political rhetoric—that are also present elsewhere—became part of constitutional law and have transformed the political system. The case study shows how the redefinition of Member States' constitutional identities, along recent societal trends and exclusive constitutional values, could clash with the inclusive values of the European Union and relegate European institutions to the position of “the Other,” thereby endangering constitutional democracy. In particular, the Article shows how the rule praising and recognizing diverse Member State constitutional identities can work to embolden the already strong trend to challenge inclusive constitutional values.