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Journal articles on the topic 'Socially significant production'
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1
Grigoriev, Michael, and Ludmila Babich. "Use of Silver Nanoparticles in Treatment of Socially Significant Diseases." Key Engineering Materials 683 (February 2016): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.683.493.
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The effects of colloidal silver are determined by concentration, sizes and stability of the finely-divided nanoparticles. Studies of silver-based drugs acting against antibiotic-resistant microorganisms are of significant scientific and practical interest. Silver does not effect on the infection, but directly on the cell structure. The main disadvantages of the current nanosilver-based compositions include low aggregative stability, polydispersity and oxidation of silver nanoparticles during prolonged storage. The main attention should be paid to the preservation of activity and bioavailability of the active substance, and ideally the increase in efficiency through synergy with other components of the formulation. Scientists of different special fields should focus not only on the development of new technologies for production of new nanomedicines, but on the possible health and environmental side effects
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Kosov, Dmitriy. "Socially significant activity: algorithmic provision of its quality assessment." Digital Technology Security, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2782-2230-2021-2-85-96.
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Any type of activity acquires social significance if it meets the requirements imposed on it. The main condition for the origin (emergence) of socially significant activity should be considered the high demand for the results of this type of professional work. The demand, especially the higher, is a complex indicator that includes not only frequency quantitative statistical characteristics (for example, the frequency of applying to any type of socially significant activity, namely to its specialists for the results of this activity that affect the processes of life activity of both an individual and society as a whole), but also characteristics that determine the quality of procedures performed at each step of the "algorithm" (technological cycle) of a specific, significant type of activity, and hence the results of its implementation. Strict compliance with the technological cycle within the framework of various socially significant professional branches of production can be considered as a guarantee of the quality of the results obtained in them, as a guarantee that consumers of products and services (the population of the state) will form a stable positive attitude to this type of activity. In the proposed article, based on many years of research, the author proposes and considers two components of an integrated approach to assessing the quality of socially significant activities – an algorithm for selecting experts to assess the quality of socially significant activities and the actual algorithm for evaluating the quality of this activity. Each of the proposed algorithms has both general steps for performing actions and individual ones, which ensure its novelty and differences from existing similar algorithmic schemes. Fuzzy logic was chosen as a mathematical tool for the implementation of these algorithms.
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Loseva, O. A., and N. V. D’yachkova. "State and Development of Socially Significant Activities of the Industrial Production in the Chelyabinsk Region." Voprosy statistiki 26, no. 9 (September 28, 2019): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34023/2313-6383-2019-26-9-39-52.
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Roslyakova, E. A. "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTION OF INDUSTRIAL AND TRADE POLICY IN SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT INDUSTRIES." Vestnik of Samara State University of Economics 6, no. 200 (June 2021): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/1993-0453-2021-6-200-23-34.
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The development of socially oriented industries is a fundamental component of the socio-economic development of the country. The co-dependence of industries and the state of industry in it gives the research topic relevance, since consumer satisfaction can be achieved both with the help of their own industrial development and with cooperation with foreign industrial companies. The problem of the issue is precisely that most branches of the domestic processing industry, including socially significant ones, are import-dependent, and the level at which the interaction of industrial and trade policy (hereinafter referred to as the IITP) in them determines the future of their further development. The purpose of the study is to determine the essence of the IITP, the sustainability (and) development in socially oriented industries by considering the development both within the interaction itself (setting priorities and distributing roles among the main participants in the interaction of industrial and trade policy), and within its phased implementation as a single organism. The achievement of the author's goal was facilitated by strategic, system and process approaches using general scientific research methods: comparative comparison, abstraction, logic, analysis, synthesis, etc. As a result of the conducted research, the scheme of interaction between the spheres of material and non-material production is presented; the definitions of the IITP are formulated; a cycle-model of the development of the IITP in socially oriented sectors of the national economy is developed; a comprehensive analysis of the set of certain indicators is recommended to assess the sustainability of the IITP development; the definition of the sustainable IITP development from the position of system formation and economic activity is presented.
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Darenskaya, Marina A., Lubov I. Kolesnikova, and Sergey I. Kolesnikov. "Free radical reactions in socially significant infectious diseases: HIV infection, hepatitis, tuberculosis." Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences 75, no. 3 (August 31, 2020): 196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vramn1328.
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The analysis of current literature data on the study of the features of the course of free-radical reactions, as well as the state of the antioxidant defense system at socially significant infectious diseases HIV infection, hepatitis, tuberculosis was carried out. The role of this kind of reaction in the genesis and progression of socially significant infections a long time has been studied. Foreign studies of recent years have been focused on the identification of specific markers of oxidative and carbonyl stress, which make it possible to identify the redox imbalance of the cell under conditions of infection and target affect it to modulate the activity of the main transcription factors of viral proteins and the bacteria pathogenicity. Numerous sources indicate the involvement of active oxygen metabolites in a wide range of events in infected cells and tissues, including neoplastic transformation processes. These biochemical markers can be used as additional criteria for monitoring the progression of infection. At the same time, noticeable gaps in this area there are that may become the goal of future research. The issues of changing free radical reactions depending on gender, age, place of residence of patients remain practically unstudied. There is little data about intensity of oxidative stress in patients of reproductive age with HIV, hepatitis B and C, and pulmonary tuberculosis, as well as the relationship of antioxidant deficiency with reproductive disorders in conditions of infection. These data could serve as the basis for the development of pathogenetically substantiated methods for the correction of socially significant infectious diseases. Modulation of the production of reactive oxygen metabolites and oxidative stress is a potentially new pharmacological approach to reduce the effects of viral and bacterial exposure.
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Long, Xiaofeng, Jiali Ge, Tong Shu, and Chunxia Liu. "Production Decision and Coordination Mechanism of Socially Responsible Closed-Loop Supply Chain." Complexity 2020 (May 23, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9095215.
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Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has a significant impact on the operation of enterprises. This study analyzes the production and coordination decisions of closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) by establishing two assumptions of endogenous and exogenous CSR. The results reveal that, for ordinary consumers, CSR is quantified as the parameter of consumer surplus, which has an impact on the patent licensing fee, revenue-sharing ratio, and so on, and which not only increases the sales quantity in CLSC but also creates more value for the manufacturer and the retailer. Considering endogenous CSR, the study found that the manufacturer’s CSR level and the manufacturer’s and the retailer’s profits both increase with the proportion of CSR-sensitive consumers. In the endogenous model, the manufacturer sets a higher wholesale price and lower patent licensing fee than in the exogenous model. Perfect coordination in the two models can be achieved by setting a revenue-sharing ratio related to wholesale price and patent licensing fee. In practice, improving the social responsibility consciousness of consumers and raising enterprises’ CSR level can achieve a win-win situation for revenues and social welfare.
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Chekhovska, Iryna, Natalia Nykytchenko, and Tetiana Bilous. "THE CLASSIFICATION OF SOURCES OF REPRODUCTION OF SHADOW RELATIONS IN THE SPHERE OF PRODUCTION AND REALIZATION OF HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 4, no. 5 (February 11, 2019): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2018-4-5-396-404.
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The purpose of this article is to analyse the sources of shadow relations in the sphere of production and realization of housing and communal services (technologies and causes of their occurrence, subjects’ complex, level of danger, etc.); the classification of these sources of shadow relations, the definition of priorities in the development of state measures on the localization of certain sources of shadow relations in the field of production and implementation of housing and communal services, depending on the trend of their development, the level of danger to society. Methodology. The methodological foundations of research the sources of shadow relations in the field of production and realization of housing and communal services are determined by a set of methods of scientific knowledge, which allow considering the studied topics as a multidimensional, interdisciplinary phenomenon. In the course of scientific research, the following methods were used: scientific abstraction and systemic were used to generalize the current state of the production and realization of housing and communal services, to define a system of administrative measures in order to distinguish its shadow aspects; systematic structural and formaldogmatic methods allowed exploring and classifying the sources of shadow relations; formal-legal was used to study the regulatory framework governing the relations in the field of study. The paper also uses methods of statistical, comparative analysis, dialectic, extrapolation, etc. Results. The classification of sources of shadow relations will allow monitoring of financial and economic capital and document circulation in the sphere of production and realization of housing and communal services in order to determine the whole spectrum of sources of shadow relations – from socially neutral, socially positive, socially-changing (disappearing) sources of the informal sector shadow economy, to socially-variable (newly created), socially negative and antisocial sources of the underground sector of the shadow economy. The isolation of the most dangerous sources of shadow relations, producing a significant illegal potential in the field of production and implementation of housing and communal services will enable the development of a causal rather than a consequential problem and a way to combat the most dangerous acts that are reproducing-progressing sources of the shadow economy in this area of research.
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Kopsakangas-Savolainen, Maria, and Rauli Svento. "Hydropower Production Profiles: Impacts on Capacity Structure, Emissions, and Windfall Profits." Journal of Energy 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/710414.
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Production structure in markets with a significant role of hydropower is sensitive to the production profile of hydropower. In this paper we utilize a long-run oriented real-time price based simulation model to analyze through scenarios the impact of different hydropower production profiles on the total annual energy consumed, prices, and capacity structure. We also show the relation between different hydropower production profiles and emissions, costs, and windfall profits. There seems to be no superior scenario under which all socially desirable goals are achieved as there is a clear tradeoff between allowing high windfall profits with highest cost efficiency and achieving the target for lower emissions.
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Piccoli, Alessandra, Adanella Rossi, and Angela Genova. "A Socially-Based Redesign of Sustainable Food Practices: Community Supported Agriculture in Italy." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 29, 2021): 11986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111986.
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Several grassroots initiatives in the last two decades have shown the need for different food practices that should be locally based and founded on ethical goals of social and environmental justice. Among the many “alternative food networks”, the Community Supported Agriculture model is particularly significant and interesting. By redefining meanings and social norms around food practices, this model actualizes significant processes of food re-socialization and re-territorialization. Focusing on Italy, this study aims to contribute to the understanding of the potential of this model. It does so through two investigations carried out in 2019 and 2020, aimed at analyzing, respectively, structural and organizational aspects of CSAs and the features of resilience shown by these initiatives during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. On the whole, the two surveys give us the image of a radically innovative experience, potentially capable of deeply redefining production and consumption practices, being rooted in socially-shared knowledge, motivations, willingness, commitment and sense of community. In addition to being characterized by a determination to pursue sustainability and equity goals, the model shows a remarkable character of resilience thanks to the original arrangements that the common value basis and the strong sense of interdependence and solidarity of its members can provide.
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Клычова, Гузалия, Guzaliya Klychova, Алсу Закирова, Alsu Zakirova, Альфия Юсупова, Al'fiya Yusupova, Айгуль Клычова, and Augul Klychova. "THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF ESTIMATION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF BUSINESS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 3 (November 7, 2018): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5bcf579e4860c0.23941805.
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In modern conditions, the social component of business is becoming increasingly important both for organizations and for society as a whole, since, as many years of experience show, those enterprises that develop their socially-oriented activities are more trusted by the state, investors, counterparties, creditors and other business partners. The social responsibility of business helps minimize the negative impact of the enterprise's production activities, the formation of an atmosphere of trust, predictability and common values in society, thanks to which, business becomes economically and socially more sustainable. In this regard, relevant issues are related to the assessment of the level of social responsibility of the enterprise, determining the main directions of social development of companies. The economic essence of the concept “corporate social responsibility” has been studied and specified in the article, the main directions of the corporate social responsibility of business assessment are examined. For a comprehensive assessment of corporate social responsibility, a system of indicators is proposed that takes into account its following components: the development and implementation of human resources, the formation of environmental sustainability and the implementation of socially significant projects.
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Lomonosov, A., and M. Samsonov. "Pharmacological means of personalized medicine: main global trends." Terapevt (General Physician), no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2001-04.
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The article analyzes international trends and prerequisites for the formation of a fundamentally new direction in the global and national health systems in the coming years – personalized pharmacology. This will affect all participants of the pharmaceutical market and will actually change its appearance beyond recognitionfrom scenarios for the development, production and testing of drugs to the approval of algorithms for their application, training of specialists in personalized clinical pharmacology and the system of financing the prevention and treatment of socially significant diseases.
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Кирюхина, Анжелика, Anzhelika Kiryuhina, Роза Григорьева, Roza Grigor'eva, Анна Кожевникова, and Anna Kozhevnikova. "Bread Production and Bakery Products in Russia: Current State and Prospects." Food Processing: Techniques and Technology 49, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2019-2-330-337.
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The transformation of the Russian economy has led to a significant reduction in the production of bread and bakery products. The recent years have seen a groing competition between retail chains, mini-bakeries, and bakeries. The present research features the problems of the production of bread and bakery products by large industrial enterprises and offers a number of possible solutions. The authors used statistical methods of data analysis. The study employed statistical data on the production volumes of bakery and flour confectionery products according to the Russian National Classifier of Types of Economic Activity as obtained from the Federal State Statistics Service. The study revealed the relationship between the deterioration of the economic situation in the country and the increase in the production of bread and bakery products, which confirms the social importance of bread. The reduction in the volume of bread and bakery products is connected with the annual decrease in the production of non-durable storage products by 1.3–2%. In 1990–2017, the volume of production decreased from 18.2 to 6.5 million tons. Low economic indicators remain a major problem of the baking industry. In 2017, the baking industry of the Kemerovo region showed the following levels: the use of average annual capacity – 35%, profitability – 2.5%, equipment wear – 50–80%. The production of long-term storage and low humidity products increases annually. In 2010-2017, the volume of production increased by 28.78%, and in 2017 it amounted to 552,000 tons. In 2010–2017, there was an increase in the production of flour confectionery products of long-term storage by 45%; the annual increase was 4–6%. In 2010–2017, production of flour confectionery products increased from 1.43 to 1.92 million tons. The research proved that it is advisable to divide the production of bakery and flour confectionery products into socially significant and commercial products. The authors believe that socially important products should include bakery products of short-term storage, as well as healthy foods with vegetable additives. As for commercial products, bakery products of long-term storage and low humidity should include products with a complex unique recipe, e.g. gluten-free bakery and confectionery products. To solve this problem, Kemerovo State University is currently developing scientifically based recipes and technologies for bakery products fortified with iodine, selenium, and various natural additives, e.g. sea buckthorn, cranberry, viburnum, etc.
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Makhovskaya, Olga Ivanovna, and Fyodor Olegovich Marchenko. "Television Impact on Children's Development: Experience of Positive Modeling." Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 6, no. 2 (June 15, 2014): 134–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik62134-143.
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The history of television impact's psychological studies shows that it affects not only on views but also on the whole child's personality development. Researchers and producers look for positive effects' modeling on children's development. The article demonstrates how to form socially significant views and initial skills of solidarity in children at the age of 4 - 6 using children's television series "Sesame Street in Russia". Experience of scientifically proven modeling of directives and concepts in preschool children can be used in the production of specialized children's channels.
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Gaynor, Andrea, and Greg Crebbin. "What can engineers learn from the past? A potential role for history in engineering education." International Journal of Engineering, Social Justice, and Peace 2, no. 2 (December 29, 2013): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ijesjp.v2i2.3512.
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At present, in many societies, engineers play a significant role in solving problems of energy, transport, accommodation and production; but similar problems have been solved through technical and non-technical means for thousands of years. Numerous historical examples therefore exist, in which the ends of different approaches to problem-solving are apparent: some tending to produce socially and/or ecologically sustainable outcomes, and some less positive. Historians do not simply narrate the past, they explain and interpret changes and continuities by paying attention to larger issues of, for example, class, gender, polity and economy. Such historical narratives, we argue, may have a useful role to play in efforts to shift the perspective of engineering students away from a narrow focus on complex technical solutions, towards the broader context in which their problem-solving will take place. This ability to assess the relationships between engineering problem-solving and the broader social and environmental context is critical to the development of a more sustainable and socially-just engineering practice.
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Atanasova, Irina. "EUROPEAN DIMENSIONS OF THE SOCIAL ENTERPRISES AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN BULGARIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 10 (October 31, 2017): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i10.2017.2294.
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Social entrepreneurship has to be perceived in the context of social economy. It is the production, supply and / or organization of consumption of goods with a socially significant effect. The objectives of the paper are: to define the essence of the social entrepreneurship, its relation to the other business models and the social enterprise as an organizational subject of social entrepreneursh. The institutional framework and the legal foundations of these processes in the EU and Bulgaria have been outlined. Some specific problems - institutional, legal, economic are concerned and directions are given for solving them.
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Kotlyarov, Stanislav. "Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids Produced by Gut Microbiota in Innate Lung Immunity and Pathogenesis of the Heterogeneous Course of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 9 (April 26, 2022): 4768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094768.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a widespread socially significant disease. The development of COPD involves the innate immune system. Interestingly, the regulation of the innate lung immune system is related to the gut microbiota. This connection is due to the production by gut microorganisms of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Nutritional disturbances and changes in the structure of the intestinal microbiota lead to a decrease in SCFAs production and their effect on pulmonary immunity. The presence of a metabolic and immune axis linking the lungs and gut plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD. In addition, the nature of nutrition and SCFAs may participate in the development of the clinically heterogeneous course of COPD.
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Kotlyarov, Stanislav. "Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids Produced by Gut Microbiota in Innate Lung Immunity and Pathogenesis of the Heterogeneous Course of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 9 (April 26, 2022): 4768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094768.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a widespread socially significant disease. The development of COPD involves the innate immune system. Interestingly, the regulation of the innate lung immune system is related to the gut microbiota. This connection is due to the production by gut microorganisms of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Nutritional disturbances and changes in the structure of the intestinal microbiota lead to a decrease in SCFAs production and their effect on pulmonary immunity. The presence of a metabolic and immune axis linking the lungs and gut plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD. In addition, the nature of nutrition and SCFAs may participate in the development of the clinically heterogeneous course of COPD.
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Dolfini, Andrea. "From the Neolithic to the Bronze Age in Central Italy: Settlement, Burial, and Social Change at the Dawn of Metal Production." Journal of Archaeological Research 28, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 503–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10814-019-09141-w.
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AbstractThe Late Neolithic and Copper Age were a time of change in most of Europe. Technological innovations including animal traction, the wheel, and plow agriculture transformed the prehistoric economy. The discovery of copper metallurgy expanded the spectrum of socially significant materials and realigned exchange networks away from Neolithic “greenstone,” obsidian, and Spondylus shells. New funerary practices also emerged, signifying the growing importance of lineage ancestors, as well as new ideas of personal identity. These phenomena have long attracted researchers’ attention in continental Europe and the British Isles, but comparatively little has been done in the Italian peninsula. Building on recent discoveries and interdisciplinary research on settlement patterns, the subsistence economy, the exchange of socially valuable materials, the emergence of metallurgy, funerary practices, and notions of the body, I critically appraise current models of the Neolithic-Bronze Age transition in light of the Italian regional evidence, focusing on central Italy. In contrast to prior interpretations of this period as the cradle of Bronze Age social inequality and the prestige goods economy, I argue that, at this juncture, prehistoric society reconfigured burial practices into powerful new media for cultural communication and employed new materials and objects as novel identity markers. Stratified political elites may not be among the new identities that emerged at this time in the social landscape of prehistoric Italy.
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Lyubanova, Tatiana, Valery Lisitsin, Lidia Shcherba, and Yulia Oleynikova. "Existentialism of Engineering Marketing and Technological Entrepreneurship in Large Agricultural Enterprises." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 08030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127308030.
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The authors introduce their vision of modern world understanding by the managers and engineering staff of agricultural enterprises in the era of total communications and digitalization of agriculture, referring to the “seventh sense” as a fundamental instinct for comprehension of reality and existence which places human at the centre. In the technical age, engineering marketing is crucial in terms of perception of innovation technology advantages for development of a new entrepreneurial way of thinking, especially for engineers, given their significant participation in commercial projects of agro-industrial complex. The development of integrated hybrid production in agro-industrial complex for innovative agricultural production taking into account different business lines of various enterprises of the complex is suggested to achieve synergy and build a socially-oriented system. The proposals for business development are also introduced.
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Alamanos, Angelos, and Qingming Zeng. "Managing Scarce water resources for socially acceptable solutions, through hydrological and econometric modeling." Central Asian Journal of Water Research 7, no. 1 (March 3, 2021): 84–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.29258/cajwr/2021-r1.v7-1/84-101.eng.
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Covering increasing water demand for competitive uses with limited resources is becoming one of the most challenging water management issues. The effects are more evident in arid areas, where conflicts are more likely to occur. Such an example is Urumqi County, China; Urumqi River is the main water supply source, and in order to balance the upstream agricultural water demand and the downstream urban water demand, the government imposed fallow measures. The region is traditionally a rural area with high production expectations, however, urban water demand is continuously increasing over the last decades, following the population and urbanization trends. Irrigation needs are covered from the river, during the summer period, creating seasonal demand peaks. The fallow measures aim to sustain agriculture and the government defines which farmers will fallow each year. This study uses a questionnaire survey to examine the farmers’ willingness to continue fallow, and the fallow period preference; both examined for the first time so far. The driving factors are used as variables to analyze and describe the preferences through regression models. A non-negligible portion of farmers highly depend on agriculture and want to cultivate. The feasibility of satisfying their needs through better water management is examined through a coupled WEAP (Water Evaluation And Planning) model. Combining econometric and hydrological tools is a novel element. The results are encouraging, with significant insights on the current water management policy, the potential of diversified fallow systems, and the achievement of sustainable and socially acceptable planning.
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K, PRABAHARAN, and KAVITHA R. "A study on impact of gst on msme." Journal of Management and Science 9, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 187–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2019.21.
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An entrepreneur is one who plays significant role in the economic development of a country. Basically an entrepreneur can be regarded as a person who has the initiative, skill and motivation to set up a business or an enterprise of his own and who always looks for high achievement. Entrepreneur looks for opportunities, identifies them and seizes them mainly for economic gains. A person who is able to express and execute the urge, skill, motivation and innovative ability to establish a business or industry of his own either alone or in collaboration with others. His motive is to earn profit through the production or distributionof socially beneficial goods or services.
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Medenou, Esteban Henoc, Bossima Ivan Koura, and Luc Hippolyte Dossa. "Typology and sustainability assessment of rabbit farms in the urban and peri-urban areas of Southern Benin (West Africa)." World Rabbit Science 28, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2020.13368.
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<p>Analysis of production systems allows scientists to identify their weaknesses, particularly concerning production practices which require improvements at economic, social, and environmental levels. The present study aimed to characterise rabbit farms in the urban and peri-urban areas of South Benin and assess their sustainability using the DIAMOND method, a multicriteria sustainability assessment tool. Ninety-eight farmers were surveyed and individually interviewed. Categorical principal component and twostep cluster analyses were performed on information collected for a typology of farms. Sustainability scores were generated using the scoring scale of the DIAMOND tool. Five types of rabbit farms were identified as follows: modern extensive polyculture, traditional extensive monoculture, modern extensive monoculture, semi-intensive polyculture, and traditional extensive polyculture. Overall, all the rabbit farms had good scores for the economic sustainability pillar but were socially limited. They were all similar in their economic and environmental performances. In particular, semi-intensive farms were the most socially sustainable, whereas traditional farms (either in polyculture or monoculture) showed the lowest social performances. Furthermore, there were significant differences between farms for criteria relating to consumers’ demands and resource use. Semi-intensive farms responded best to consumers’ demands, whereas the traditional polyculture farm type was the most resource use efficient. Overall, in the urban and peri-urban areas of South Benin, the most sustainable rabbit farms were semi-intensive. Irrespective of farm type, positive coefficients of correlations were recorded among the three pillars of sustainability, being significant between the social and economic pillars on one hand, and between the social and environmental pillars on the other hand. These results suggest that efforts to improve farm social performance would also positively affect their economic and environmental performances and improve overall farm sustainability.</p>
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Procopiuck, Mario, Roberta Maria de Moura Sousa, Carlos Alberto Cioce Sampaio, and Ana Paula Vaz Procopiuck. "Ecosocioeconomies and local development: Experiences in an urban farmers market in the Brazilian Amazon." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 35, no. 8 (December 2020): 808–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02690942211006320.
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Urban markets are a complex and unique ecosocioeconomic phenomenon, constituting micro-societies with their own social, political, and economic rationales which provide alternatives to the prevailing logic. This article analyzes the farmers market in the Amazonian city of Castanhal, Pará, Brazil from an ecosocioeconomic point of view, and is based on documentary analysis and oral statements taken from vendors. The findings show that for over three decades, this urban farmers market has functioned as a micro-society based on the emerging rationalities which result from everyday internal and external relationships; the market is a significant political and social actor within the network of urban governance and the local rural production chain. The vendors state that the market works in concert with the rules of local government are economically self-sufficient, have operational autonomy and socially constructed legitimacy, and that ecosocioeconomic relationships emerge from satisfiers which are located between the needs of work and leisure. In conclusion, this urban farmers market is socially and economically important for vendors, producers, and local residents, and its operation is linked to environmental sustainability criteria based on appropriate technologies and local knowledge.
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Brown, Garrett. "Genuine Worker Participation—An Indispensable Key to Effective Global OHS." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 19, no. 3 (September 24, 2009): 315–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ns.19.3.c.
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Working conditions, including workplace safety, in global supply chains of products sold by transnational corporations have only marginally improved over the last 15 years despite the development of hundreds of corporate “codes of conduct,” code monitoring systems, and an elaborate new “corporate social responsibility” industry. The two underlying reasons for the lack of significant change are: 1) a schizophrenic business model which fatally undermines “socially responsible” sourcing programs with unyielding dictates for the lowest possible production costs; and 2) the lack of any meaningful participation by shop-floor workers in plant safety programs. Only when trained, empowered, and active workers are an integral part of workplace safety programs will conditions improve over the long term.
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Núñez-Espinoza, Juan Felipe, Francisco Ernesto Martínez-Castañeda, Fernando Ávila-Pérez, and María Camila Rendón-Rendón. "A Structural Approach to Some Contradictions in Worldwide Swine Production and Health Research." Sustainability 14, no. 8 (April 15, 2022): 4748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084748.
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Several biosafety gaps in agri-food sectors have become evident in recent years. Many of them are related to the global livestock systems and the organizational models involved in their management and organization. For example, producing pigs requires a global system of massive confinement and specific technological innovations related to animal production and health that involve broad technical and scientific structures, which are required to generate specific knowledge for successful management. This suggests the need for an underlying socially agglomerated technological ecosystem relevant for these issues. So, we propose the analysis of a specialized scientific social structure in terms of the knowledge and technologies required for pig production and health. The objective of this work is to characterize structural patterns in the research of the swine health sector worldwide. We use a mixed methodological approach, based on a social network approach, and obtained scientific information from 4868 specialized research works on health and pig production generated between 2010 to 2018, from 47 countries. It was possible to analyze swine research dynamics, such as convergence and influence, at country and regional levels, and identify differentiated behaviors and high centralization in scientific communities that have a worldwide impact in terms of achievements but also result in significant omissions.
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Cerda García, Alejandro. "The Struggle for the Meaning of Dissent." Latin American Perspectives 42, no. 5 (May 4, 2015): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x15581616.
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Political dissent, a significant part of any democratic process, must be understood not only as a historical and social construction but also from a structural and relational perspective. Social movements and organizations, especially autonomist indigenous ones, attempt to persuade the public that dissent is a right and a proper form for thinking about the political. The social construction of dissent as a crime not only is promoted by state regimes but also seeks to be accepted, legitimated, and sustained by the society. Socially deconstructing it requires considering the law as a historical production, connecting its analysis to legitimacy, and recognizing its ideological and fictional dimension and the influence of structural conditions such as the organization of production. El disenso político, parte sustancial de todo proceso democrático, requiere ser comprendido como construcción social e histórica y desde una perspectiva estructural y relacional. Organizaciones y movimientos sociales, especialmente los indígenas autonomistas, despliegan acciones para influir en la opinión pública a fin de sostener que disentir es un derecho y una forma idónea de pensar lo político. La construcción social de la disidencia como delito es un proceso que, si bien es impulsado por regímenes estatales, busca ser aceptado, legitimado y sostenido por la sociedad. La tarea de desconstruirlo socialmente requiere considerar el derecho como producto histórico, vincular su análisis a la legitimidad, y reconocer su dimensión ideológica y ficcional y la influencia por condiciones tales como la organización de los procesos de producción.
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Ozores-Hampton, Monica, Eric Simonne, Eugene McAvoy, Phil Stansly, Sanjay Shukla, Fritz Roka, Tom Obreza, Kent Cushman, Phyllis Gilreath, and Darrin Parmenter. "Update on Nitrogen BMP Efforts with Tomato Production in Florida." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 994E—995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.994e.
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Florida tomato growers generate about $600 million of annual farm gate sales. The Florida Vegetable and Agronomic Crop Water Quality/Quantity Best Management Practices Manual was adopted by rule in the Florida Administrative Code in 2006 and describes cultural practices available to tomato growers that have the potential to improve water quality. By definition, BMPs are specific cultural practices that are proven to optimize yield while minimizing pollution. BMPs must be technically feasible, economically viable, socially acceptable, and based on sound science. The BMP manual for vegetables endorses UF-IFAS recommendations, including those for fertilization and irrigation. Current statewide N fertilizer recommendations for tomato provide for a base rate of 224 kg/ha plus provisions for supplemental fertilizer applications 1) after a leaching rain, 2) under extended harvest season, and 3) when plant nutrient levels (leaf or petiole) fall below the sufficiency range. An on-farm project in seven commercial fields was conducted in 2004 under cool and dry growing conditions, to compare grower practices (ranging from 264 to 468 kg/ha of N) to the recommended rate. Early and total extra-large yields tended to be higher with growers' rate than with the recommended rate, but these differences were significant only in one trial. The first-year results illustrated the need for recommendations to be tested for several years and to provide flexibility to account for the reality of local growing conditions. Working one-on-one with commercial growers provided an opportunity to focus on each farm`s educational needs and to identify specific improvements in nutrient and irrigation management.
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Radcliffe, Sarah A. "Geography and indigeneity II." Progress in Human Geography 42, no. 3 (February 5, 2017): 436–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309132517691631.
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In this, the second of three reports on indigeneity in geography, the focus is on the social differentiation within embodiments, subjectivities and social positionings within and across indigenous groups. Indigeneity is a social-corporeal positioning within socially-differentiated fields of power, history and relations with land and earth. As a consequence, geography focuses on temporally- and spatially-specific processes by which embodiments and epistemic positions are produced, expressed and diversified. Also significant are the ongoing relations of power at multiple scales that entail the production of indigenous bodies as the marked outcomes of colonial-modern distributions of harm. Taken together, these analyses suggest that the embodiment of indigeneity arises from colonial-modern mediations of intersectional social hierarchies, resulting in multifaceted patterns of differentiated agency.
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Svetlanov, Andrey G. "The role of the state in the development of science and innovation." Gosudarstvo i pravo, no. 2 (2022): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s102694520018754-0.
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The article deals with questions about the role and importance of the state in the development of science and innovation. Particular attention is paid to the issues of intellectual property, legislative difficulties in the regulation of intellectual property rights are identified. The author recognizes the special role of the state in supporting socially significant areas such as science, production, and innovative achievements. The article formulates modern trends in the development of science in the Russian Federation, assesses the structural changes taking place in this area, and proves that the development of the state in modern conditions is associated with a qualitative revision of the content of policy, including the legal policy of the state in relation to science and innovation processes
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Habibie, Pejman. "Early-career scholars and scholarship: A social justice perspective." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 42 (February 28, 2022): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190521000192.
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AbstractThis paper focuses on the concept of social (in)justice to examine and discuss some of the areas in the production and dissemination of knowledge in which the issue of social justice is significant and should be applied and considered. More specifically, it explores and advocates for some of the ways in which participation in, and contribution to, global scholarship can become a more socially just practice for academics, especially novice scholars and early-career researchers in the field of Applied Linguistics. It also highlights the role and agentive engagement of both established and junior members of academic communities as an important factor in demonopolizing and democratizing academic discourses and practices and making the mobilization of scholarship more diverse, inclusive, multivocal, and transformative.
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Ilina, N. I., N. V. Shartanova, E. A. Latysheva, and M. A. Denisov. "NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE TREATMENT OF UNCONTROLLED ASTHMA IN RUSSIA." Russian Journal of Allergy 11, no. 5 (December 15, 2014): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36691/rja531.
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Bronchial asthma (BA) is one of the most socially significant diseases of the respiratory system. The control over the symptoms of BA is achieved less than in 50% of cases even in highly developed countries. The reasons for the lack of control are heterogeneous. One of the most important reasons for the lack of control over symptoms BA in Russia is the unavailability of highly effective drugs for socially unprotected layers of the population. The solution of this problem could be the creation of Russian analogs for asthma treatment. A new Russian product - a combination of topical corticosteroids and DBA (fluticasone/salmeterol) - Suticase-native is going to appear on the Russian market. A study to assess the efficacy and safety of the new product was carried out on the base of three Russian scientific centers. This trail compared a new drug Suticase-nativ (salmeterol 50 mcg plus fluticasone propionate 250 mcg/dose), powder for inhalation (produced by «Nativ» - company, Russia), with its famous counterpart - a Seretide accuhaler diskus (salmeterol 50 mcg plus fluticasone propionate 250 mcg/ dose), powder for inhalation dosed, production Glaxo Operates UK Ltd, in patients with bronchial asthma. The results of the study showed high efficiency and safety of Suticase-Nativ, comparable to Seretide.
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Kuneva, Tanja P., Zlatka B. Stoyneva, Daniela G. Medjidieva, Diana B. Apostolova, Shiboy N. Kuzmov, Gergina N. Oncheva, Reny T. Toncheva, Vladimira V. Boyadzhieva, and Kristina V. Bozhinova. "Occupational Risk And Health Status Of Workers In The Production Of Heat." Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbcr-2015-0136.
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Summary The health status of 1515 workers employed in heat production was investigated. The subjects studied were divided in four groups according to occupation and occupational risk factors: vibration, noise, dust, metal aerosols, overloading of the musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous system, and organic solvents. The control group included 152 administrative staff members. High prevalence of socially significant diseases – cardiovascular, endocrine and metabolic was detected in all the groups surveyed. The frequency of diseases of the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system was 2.7 times higher than that in the control group. Statistically reliable higher prevalence of lung diseases in the studied risk groups was found, especially in the group of welders and chemists: 45.3% и 17.4% respectively, as compared to 4.3% in the controls. These finding corresponded to the occupational risk. The following occupation diseases were diagnosed: pneumoconiosis in 26.6% and toxic pneumofibrosis in 5.1% of electric welders. As regards the group of chemists, toxic pneumofibrosis was found in 6.5%. toxic effects of irritants - in 6.5 %, and chronic intoxication with organic radicals - in 0.7 % of them. Occupational auditory neuritis was diagnosed in 1% of the turbine operators and crane operators. The relative share of workers with peripheral nervous system pathology (radiculopathies, polyneuropathies, distal sympathetic neuropathy, mononeuropathy) was reliably higher than that in the control group, and the frequency increased among the workers with more than ten years of service and older than 40.
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de Wet, Inge, and de Kock Imke. "SUSTAINABILITY AND THE CONCEPT OF SHARED VALUE AND THE 4TH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF TWO SCIENTIFIC NETWORKS." South African Journal of Industrial Engineering 32, no. 2 (2021): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7166/32-3-2609.
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The role of the technologies, concepts, and philosophies associated with the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) has been argued to hold significant value in the quest for sustainability. Furthermore, the concept of ‘shared value’ has been put forward as an approach that holds significant value when aiming to bring about socially just, economically fair, and environmentally friendly production and consumption practices. The importance of the link between the concept of shared value and 4IR is explored in this paper using bibliometric analysis, and we expose the different structures of these fields, including keywords, key authors, and the coherence of these two scientific networks in order to uncover areas of integration between them. The findings of this analysis indicate that a clear gap in integration exists; and the opportunity for research in this field could further contribute to the debate on using innovative, contemporary technologies — such as those associated with 4IR — to support approaches to ensure increasingly sustainable business practices, such as shared value.
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MORRIS, GAY. "Dinosaurs Become Birds: Changing Cultural Values in Cape Town Theatre." Theatre Research International 42, no. 2 (July 2017): 146–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030788331700027x.
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This article examines a significant change in the hierarchies of value in cultural production in urban Cape Town, where there has been a bifurcation of theatre in the urban centre and on the township periphery. Theatre at these two sites differs in aesthetic character, themes and infrastructural resources, which derive from a history of legislated racial separatism that is still evident today socially, culturally, educationally and in the development of the city itself. Here, I identify changes that have come about in recent years not so much because of the government's policy of redress, but because leading artists are using their pre-eminence and institutions to catalyse educational experiences, performance platforms and a positive marketing environment for theatre and artists from the townships. The Baxter Theatre and its Zabalaza Festival serve as a case study.
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Goodwin, Katherine J. "Reconstructing Automobility: The Making and Breaking of Modern Transportation." Global Environmental Politics 10, no. 4 (November 2010): 60–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00031.
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Automobility, the global system of human movement built around petroleumfueled cars, clearly has significant negative environmental consequences. Yet transforming this system presents a nearly overwhelming technological, cultural, and political challenge. The production of oil and cars is fundamental to modern capitalism and is a source of geopolitical power, while the consumption of these goods intimately structures the lives of billions of people worldwide. This article offers a conceptualization of the challenge presented by automobility. It argues that automobility operates according to a socially constructed logic linking gasoline, cars, and mobility to human flourishing. Using examples of industry decisions, public policy adjustments, and shifts in cultural meanings, this essay illustrates that automobility has never been inevitable, nor is its future assured. Rather, its logic has been constructed and is continually reconstructed through human agency.
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Lislevand, Terje, and Gavin H. Thomas. "Limited male incubation ability and the evolution of egg size in shorebirds." Biology Letters 2, no. 2 (January 3, 2006): 206–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0428.
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In bird species where males incubate but are smaller than females, egg size may be constrained by male body size, and hence ability to incubate the eggs. Using data from 71 such shorebird species, we show that egg size decreases as the degree of female-biased sexual size dimorphism increases, after controlling for female body mass. Relative egg size was not related to mean clutch size. However, when controlling for mating system, the relationship between female-biased sexual size dimorphism and relative egg size was only significant in polyandrous species. The relatively small eggs of socially polyandrous shorebirds have previously been explained as an energy-saving strategy associated with the production of multiple clutches. Our findings suggest that egg size evolution is better explained by male incubation limitation in these birds.
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Wójcik-Jurkiewicz, Magdalena, Marzena Czarnecka, Grzegorz Kinelski, Beata Sadowska, and Katarzyna Bilińska-Reformat. "Determinants of Decarbonisation in the Transformation of the Energy Sector: The Case of Poland." Energies 14, no. 5 (February 24, 2021): 1217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051217.
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This paper aims to identify the determinants of the decarbonisation processes in Poland within the scope of energy transformation. The purpose of the study is to identify how the public perceives decarbonisation determinants in order to develop a sustainable energy strategy for Poland. The transition of the energy market to low-carbon technology is a policy challenge. Governments must implement policies that are environmentally friendly, cost-effective, but, most of all, socially acceptable. Social acceptance risk plays a significant role in Poland, influencing the decarbonisation process. In Poland’s case, the coal share is decreasing, but it is still the most important fuel for electricity production. This process of decarbonisation is a fundamental influence on the transformation of the energy sector in Poland. The social perception of solutions that can be applied was examined. The Polish natural environment is poisoned. Poles suffer from diseases related to the burning of coal for energy production. Societal awareness, how people perceive the government’s actions, and what they expect in this regard is crucial.
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G. S. Bangarwa, Hanuman Sahay Bunkar. "Extent of Adoption of Recommended Poultry Farming Practices by the Farmers." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (September 10, 2021): 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1009.005.
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The poultry production in our country has made a significant progress over the years due to research and development thrust of the government and organized private sector. Poultry farming is considered as an important tool for self-employment as it offers vast scope for generating income in socially and economically backward areas. No other livestock production programme in our country has made as much progress in a short period as the poultry sector has made. The revolutionary changes made in poultry industry in the last four decades is a matter of great pride. The poultry sector provides livelihood to nearly one lakh farmers and contributes to a great extent to the national income. In Rajasthan, poultry industry is a live segment and source of revenue to the government. In the last five decades, Jaipur region has made manifold progress in the development of the poultry sector. Jaipur district is one such districts which has made a great headway in the promotion of poultry sector. With more than 14889 organized poultry farms, it has engaged more than 45000 people directly or indirectly.
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Zauresh, Ayupova, Begaliyev Yernar, and Uspanov Zholdybay. "THE ISSUE ON DETERMINATION OF TYPOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PEOPLE, COMMITTING CRIMINAL OFFENSES RELATED TO THE FORGERY OF EXCISABLE GOODS, AS AN ELEMENT OF THE CRIMINALISTIC CHARACTERISTICS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 315–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i1.2019.1057.
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In the article «The issue on determination of typological features of people, committing criminal offenses related to the forgery of excisable goods, as an element of the criminalistic characteristics» prepared by doctoral student Ayupova Z.N.; Professor of the Department of Special Legal Disciplines, Doctor of juridical Science Begaliev E.N; Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Law, candidate of juridical Sciences, Professor UspanovZh.T. The main purpose of this article is to identify the most characteristic features of an intruder's personality and to formulate recommendations aimed at improving the process of investigating criminal offenses related to falsification of excise goods. The article deals with the issue of theoretical interpretation of the concept of "criminalistic characterization of crimes" and "typology of personality" as its element. The analysis of the reference paper is given regarding the study of the typology of persons committing criminal offenses; as well as the problems that arise in determining the subject of the crime and the ways to solve them. The types of persons committing criminal offenses connected with forgery of excisable products as exogenous and endogenous types of intruders are investigated; classified by the object of encroachment, the nature of criminal acts, the degree of public danger. The concepts of socially-adoptive, socially-disadaptive type of personality of persons who commit this category of a criminal offense are disclosed. The structure of the personality of the intruder who deals in the falsification of excisable goods has been compiled and examined through socio-demographic, criminally-legal, socially significant physiological features and moral properties. The analysis of methods for establishing a suspect person is given, the main types of malefactors and their functions are identified in the production of a surrogate excise product. Recommendations for persons conducting investigations into criminal cases related to forgery of excise goods are developed.
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Filyasova, Yu. "Perfectionist Involvement in Social and Labour Relations Depending on Personnel Management Style." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 10, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2305-7807-2021-10-1-30-36.
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Research into personal qualities of employees is acquiring relevance in the modern society as physical and material means and instruments of production are gradually being excluded from immediate interaction with people; their place is being taken by robotic technologies; whereas human labour is turning into intellectual creativity. Perfectionism is one of personal construct characteristics, which allows them to achieve high goals, overcoming different obstacles. The aim of the work was to consider the involvement of employees, characterized by perfectionistic personal construct, in social and labour relations under the authoritarian, democratic and liberal management styles. Perfectionists known for their struggle for high achievements are inclined to work individually and characterized by a low level of socialization. Under the authoritarian style, managers usually diminish individual achievements, focusing on the importance of goals and objectives rather than personality types of employees; therefore, perfectionists risk turning into reserved unsocial individuals. The democratic and liberal personnel management styles give the possibility to integrate perfectionists in teamwork, to activate their positive personal qualities and, in this way, enable them to meaningfully socialize. The democratic and liberal management styles provide conditions for successful combination of personal perfectionist interests and socially relevant objectives. In the age of information-oriented society, targeted at intensive intellectual development, contribution of perfectionists is indispensable; however, it is necessary to facilitate their social integration underlying inseparability of their individual goals and socially significant objectives.
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Buchta, S. "Development of agrarian employment in Slovakia after 2013." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 57, No. 1 (January 27, 2011): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/141/2010-agricecon.
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The article discusses the prediction of the agrarian employment development in Slovakia in the new programming period, i.e. in the perspective of 2014–2020. The introduction covers the analysis of the current state in 2009 when 65.3 thousand of persons were employed within agriculture. The development of employment in the target years will be characterised by the increased number of self-employed persons, the increased social polarisation between the owners of enterprises or managers and agricultural employees. The class of the socially degraded agricultural pensioners characterised by income deprivation will be formed. Under the influence of the EU CAP reform, the decline in agrarian employment in the less-productive Northern districts of Slovakia and significant spatial changes in labour force distribution are being expected in dependence on the productive conditions of the agricultural production.
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Kislaya, I. A., and T. V. Makarenko. "Accounting and Analytical Support for Effective Control of Tariffs in the Sphere of Housing and Communal Services." IZVESTIYA VUZOV SEVERO-KAVKAZSKII REGION SOCIAL SCIENCE, no. 3 (207) (October 19, 2020): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2687-0770-2020-3-84-90.
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The article highlights the problems of the zone in cost control and the main directions of accounting and control support in socially significant business, namely in housing and communal services. The necessity on the basis of an account resource a special approach to control the cost of tariffs in the modern housing sector aimed at a rational balance between opposing factors in pricing services is justified. The aspiration of housing sector profits, leading to higher tariffs, on the one hand, and social deterrent to the growth of prices of services, on the other hand, led to the authors’ proposal of a larger system of accounting for and control of the basic component of the tariff - the cost of utilities. The aim of maximum analytical accounting features in relation to the cost of production of housing and utilities services is reasoned.
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Kozyrieva, Olena, Olga Posilkina, Svitlana Kovalenko, Yuliia Bratishko, and Elena Litvinova. "MODERN APPROACHES TO THE MANAGEMENT OF THE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY SYSTEM IN PHARMACY." Economic Synergy 2, no. 2 (November 2021): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53920/es-2021-2-6.
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Research is devoted to the development of theoretical, methodological and scientific-practical principles of management of socially responsible activities of domestic pharmaceutical companies as a key condition for improving the quality, efficiency and accessibility of pharmaceutical supply, which is especially relevant in a global pandemic, closing state borders and domestic pharmaceutical companies with foreign partners. In addition, the introduction of approaches and tools of socially responsible management in the activities of domestic pharmaceutical companies will increase their investment attractiveness and improve their business reputation, which will have a positive impact on increasing their competitiveness in both domestic and foreign pharmaceutical markets. In the conditions of development of globalization and integration processes, formation of network economy and knowledge society, rapid expansion and complication of interrelations of national economies and people, growth of their interdependence the problem of socially responsible functioning of business, including based on the introduction of international standards of social responsibility (JI). The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has also significantly changed attitudes toward company priorities around the world. The global pharmaceutical industry was one of the first to feel the effects of the closure of China's economy, which accounts for about 40% of world production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and other raw material suppliers. The closure of borders and the long-term quarantine regime have posed significant threats not only to the supply chain for pharmaceutical manufacturers, but have also seriously affected the efficiency of pharmacy as a whole. There was a decrease in sales of prescription drugs (drugs), which complicates the withdrawal of new drugs and stimulates changes in the distribution system. The research activities of pharmaceutical companies (FCs) in non-COVID-19 areas have slowed significantly due to the pandemic. Most clinical trials have had to be suspended due to quarantine restrictions, which are slowing the launch of new drugs. Thus, the pandemic disrupted the normal functioning of all components of domestic pharmacy and exacerbated the problem of access to the population of quality pharmaceutical care. The current situation in domestic and international pharmacy should be a major impetus for a complete rethinking of the philosophy of FC, which in these difficult times must finally realize its own great JI, and begin to build more transparent, open, innovative and socially caring. Only the actions of the FC, as socially responsible organizations, will create hope for the survival not only of individual companies, but also of domestic pharmacy as a whole, and, accordingly, to preserve the health of the population of Ukraine.
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Cahill, Damien. "Market analysis beyond market fetishism." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 52, no. 1 (January 25, 2019): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18820917.
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This article responds to Peck’s call for a heterodox economic analysis of markets that is sensitive to their sociality and spatiality with Polanyi’s work as a starting point. It is argued that while Polanyi’s concept of the socially embedded economy offers a useful heuristic for apprehending the social foundations of economic activity, his analysis exhibits ‘market fetishism’ – a tendency to treat markets as things in and of themselves, without a proper appreciation of their inherently social foundations – and that this is reflected in broader scholarly discourses with respect to markets. Thus, it is argued, we need to augment Polanyi’s framework with other heterodox economic insights. The article outlines a four-step approach to ‘de-fetishizing’ markets. First, the article foregrounds the specifically capitalist nature of the global economy, and the ‘unique system of market dependence’ to which capitalist social relations give rise. Second, it is argued that de-fetishizing markets requires that an agent-centred approach be adopted. Rather than viewing markets as ‘things’ it is argued that they are most usefully understood as the interactions between agents, the most significant of which, within the contemporary global economy, is the large capitalist firm. Third, the interaction between such agents is structured by pervasive frameworks of rules. Fourth, it is argued that markets are inherently spatial phenomena. They are spatially constituted and contribute to the production of space.
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Franc, Sanja, and Emanuel Kujevac. "Global trends and competitiveness of the food industry." Notitia 7, no. 1 (December 13, 2021): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.32676/n.7.1.8.
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Food industry has a strategic role in the global economy and it greatly contributes to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, but at the same time it causes significant ecological pollution and resource depletion. Maximizing the benefits and minimizing the costs of the food industry is therefore a challenging task. The subject of this paper are contemporary global trends and factors of competitiveness of the food industry. The purpose of the paper is to determine what contributes to the competitiveness of the food industry and to analyze recent global trends in the food industry in order to draw conclusions about the role and contribution of this industry to sustainable development and competitiveness. The analysis has shown that innovation in the production and processing of food and also diversification of the supply are key contributing factors. The main driver of innovation in the food industry are new consumer expectations and requirements. Consumers are increasingly concerned about their own ecological footprint, which increases the demand for those food products whose production has a minimal negative effect on the environment, and they often choose products of enterprises with socially responsible business practices.
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Kvetkina, Aleksandra, Evgeny Pislyagin, Ekaterina Menchinskaya, Ekaterina Yurchenko, Rimma Kalina, Sergei Kozlovskiy, Leonid Kaluzhskiy, et al. "Kunitz-Type Peptides from Sea Anemones Protect Neuronal Cells against Parkinson’s Disease Inductors via Inhibition of ROS Production and ATP-Induced P2X7 Receptor Activation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 9 (May 4, 2022): 5115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23095115.
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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a socially significant disease, during the development of which oxidative stress and inflammation play a significant role. Here, we studied the neuroprotective effects of four Kunitz-type peptides from Heteractis crispa and Heteractis magnifica sea anemones against PD inductors. The peptide HCIQ1c9, which was obtained for the first time, inhibited trypsin less than other peptides due to unfavorable interactions of Arg17 with Lys43 in the enzyme. Its activity was reduced by up to 70% over the temperature range of 60–100 °C, while HCIQ2c1, HCIQ4c7, and HMIQ3c1 retained their conformation and stayed active up to 90–100 °C. All studied peptides inhibited paraquat- and rotenone-induced intracellular ROS formation, in particular NO, and scavenged free radicals outside the cells. The peptides did not modulate the TRPV1 channels but they affected the P2X7R, both of which are considered therapeutic targets in Parkinson’s disease. HMIQ3c1 and HCIQ4c7 almost completely inhibited the ATP-induced uptake of YO-PRO-1 dye in Neuro-2a cells through P2X7 ion channels and significantly reduced the stable calcium response in these cells. The complex formation of the peptides with the P2X7R extracellular domain was determined via SPR analysis. Thus, these peptides may be considered promising compounds to protect neuronal cells against PD inductors, which act as ROS production inhibitors and partially act as ATP-induced P2X7R activation inhibitors.
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Degtyarev, A. N. "OIL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." Bulletin USPTU Science education economy Series economy 3, no. 33 (2020): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/2541-8904-2020-3-33-18-27.
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In the structure of the gross domestic product of the Russian Federation, industry accounts for about 36 %, including: manufacturing – 18 %, mining - 14.8 %, production and distribution of electricity, gas and water - 3.1%, etc. In fact, about 70 % of oil production in the country belongs to two federal districts: Ural (50 %) and Volga (19 %). Oil production in the Russian Federation for the period from 2010 to 2018 increased by 11%, exports increased by 5.5 %. About 47-49 % of the total volume of oil produced in the country is exported. The level of labor productivity in mining during the studied dynamics turned out to be three times higher than in manufacturing, and 3.5-5 times higher than in the distribution of electricity, gas and water. Currently, various methods of oil production are used, including: using methods of artificial stimulation of the reservoir (42.2 %), using water injection (34 %), using physicochemical methods, including gas (7.5 %) ), using hydrodynamic (7.3 %), thermal (0.7 %) and new methods (8.3 %). At the same time, oil production using the water injection method in the country decreased by 9.8 %, using artificial stimulation methods decreased by 3.8 %, and using hydrodynamic methods, oil production decreased by 1.2 %. In recent years, there has been a growing trend in the use of thermal (2.2 times), physicochemical (+ 27.8 %) and other new oil production methods (+ 32.3 %). The depth of oil refining in the Russian Federation increased from 71.2 % in 2010 to 82.2% in 2018. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that we included both economic and socially significant factors in our correlation and regression analysis. In addition, we found that the key factors influencing the formation of gross domestic product are the level of oil prices, export volumes and industrial production volumes.
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Kolmakov, P. A. "BACK TO THE QUESTION OF STUDYING A SPECIAL SUBJECT OF PROOF." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 29, no. 4 (July 25, 2019): 509–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2019-29-4-509-513.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the previously investigated circumstances of a special subject of proof in the production on the use of compulsory medical measures. The general basis for their use is the proof of the commission of a socially dangerous act and mental disorder, which is connected with the possibility of infliction by these persons of other significant harm or danger to themselves or others. It is noted that to give a single interpretation of the danger of a person outside the types of mental pathology is very problematic - as an evaluative feature, it has not yet been formalized in the law. Attention is drawn to the difficulty for the law enforcer to perceive the essence of specific adult personality disorders and the medical component of an integrated institution of compulsory medical measures. The existing administrative and legal problems in determining and implementing the medical criterion of insanity are examined.
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Bowman, Melanie, and María Rebolleda-Gómez. "Uprooting Narratives: Legacies of Colonialism in the Neoliberal University." Hypatia 35, no. 1 (2020): 18–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hyp.2019.13.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractTwo intertwined stories evince the influence of colonialism on Western universities. The first story centers on a conflict about wild rice research between the Anishinaabe people and the University of Minnesota. Underlying this conflict is a genetic notion of biological identity that facilitates the commodification of wild rice. This notion of identity is inextricably linked to agricultural control and expansion. The second story addresses the foundation of Western universities on the goals of civilization and capitalist productivity. These norms persist even in diversity efforts through a focus on individualized notions of difference rather than socially contextualized and politically significant identities. The tendency to produce both knowledge and knowers as commodities results in the alienation, individuation, and abstraction of objects of research and researchers themselves. Decolonial change demands that we learn the specific histories of our universities and disciplines, break disciplinary boundaries, and contest commodification in knowledge production.
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Pestryakov, Aleksey, Ekaterina Reutova, Nadezhda Sbrodova, and Alisa Titovets. "Assessment of food security in the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation." E3S Web of Conferences 296 (2021): 07013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129607013.
Full textAbstract:
Food security issues are among the priority areas for the development of the regions of the Arctic zone, both on the territory of the Russian Federation and abroad. The sustainable development of the territory largely depends on the satisfaction of the basic needs of the population. For a detailed and comprehensive assessment of the situation on this issue, a qualitative methodology is required, which will most objectively reflect the state of food security in the regions of the Arctic zone. The study analyzes the existing methods of assessing food security, justifies their main advantages and disadvantages. The authors propose their own methodology for assessing the food security of the regions of the Arctic zone, which uses the most common indicators used in previous methods, and is also based on the main socially significant features of the regions of the Arctic zone (small population, limited opportunities for food production).