Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Socialist pluralism'
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Stears, Marc. "Socialism and pluralism : a study in inter-war British ideology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389770.
Full textMarcangelo-Leos, Philie. "Pluralisme et audiovisuel /." Paris : LGDJ, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39281367z.
Full textLópez, Permouth Luis César. "Los procesos miméticos en el derecho, como fruto de la acción de los movimientos sociales y la posible agilización de las actuaciones legítimas de éstos a través de las ONG, en medio de un pluralismo comunitarista." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5240.
Full textEsta tesis consta de diez partes, que en conjunto comprenden 15 capítulos. Para desarrollarla, se ha utilizado un enfoque cuyo objeto es plasmar una postura personal -fruto de la investigación-. Su clase es inicialmente histórica, pero desemboca en lo descriptivo analítico.
La idea de Tesis implica adoptar una postura personal con respecto a algo. Pues bien, en este trabajo, se asume una posición con respecto a la actividad del legislador, toda vez que la misma -al igual que la del Estado en general- ya no satisface totalmente los requerimientos de las colectividades y hoy, más que nunca, se hace obvia la presencia de otros actores que inciden en la creación de normas al provocar que se den iniciativas de ley, ajenas muchas veces a las ideas originales de los legisladores.
El fenómeno jurídico luce muchas veces como algo que ya no debe tocarse, por haber muchos estudios sobre él. Sin embargo, presenta situaciones y actores que merecen trato y estudio en el contexto de lo normativo, como el caso del papel de la comunidad y de los movimientos sociales que se dan dentro de ella.
Se propone -en esa línea- que el Derecho puede actuar como los camaleones, al darse una mimesis en lo jurídico cuando la acción de los movimientos sociales -entre otras- se traduce en normas de varios tipos, lo que preserva la existencia del Derecho, ya que éste, como fruto de la cultura y de la civilización es adquirido luego de muchos esfuerzos y puede perderse fácilmente, si no se adapta a lo que requiere lo social. El Derecho ha de equilibrar las fuerzas de quienes gobiernan y de quienes son gobernados para mantener la paz social. Éste, en su fase de creación, ya no es sólo una tarea parlamentaria de iniciativas de ley formuladas y planteadas en razón de la representatividad formal, sino es fruto de lo anterior, lo que implica configurar nuevamente la visión que se tiene del Estado, para hacer de la mimesis algo más fácil, ágil y beneficioso a las comunidades. El Estado se va volviendo, cada vez más, incapaz de atender las necesidades sociales; el legislador no necesariamente percibe lo que el pueblo que lo eligió necesita. No siempre a través de la acción del legislador, las sociedades se organizan de modo variable y segregan con independencia relativa su propio Derecho. El Derecho es entonces, un subproducto y un espejo de la sociedad. En la actualidad, las sociedades se ven influenciadas por la globalización, las empresas multinacionales, y las realidades de otras sociedades próximas a ellas o bien, al otro lado del mundo. Por otra parte, hoy por hoy, tenemos una visión más amplia del universo. Y por ello entendemos que hay grupos de presión -aceptémoslo- que hacen que ese entorno no sea "interno", sino esté globalizado. Lo anterior, podría requerir un replanteamiento acerca de la noción de la ciencia de lo normativo, para hacerlo más efectivo y actual. Y, además, en casos muy específicos, de administración de justicia -sobre todo en el contexto anglosajón- esa mimesis se da gracias a la intervención de los jueces, como fruto de la producción escalonada del Derecho; en este caso, la conciencia sobre la justicia de lo pedido, agilizaría el aprovechamiento de la mimesis mencionada.
Lo anterior implica tomar en cuenta la participación de los actores colectivos mencionados, lo que será mejor si se hace en razón de valores sociales compartidos y a través de entidades como las organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) que, como puente y canal, podrían trasladar las inquietudes sociales a los entes que se ocupan de regular jurídicamente la conducta. El valor social compartido y la consecuencial armonía que puede lograrse en la vida comunitaria -tanto de las comunidades pequeñas, como de las grandes comunidades- tiene una gran cantidad de contenido ético, pero es una ética en común, respetando la pluralidad y la multiplicidad de culturas en lo posible.
En ese pluralismo comunitario se aprovecharía de mejor manera el capital social, que tiene concordancia con la idea de comunidad y está relacionado con lo que algunos llaman "virtud cívica", con la adición de que esta virtud cívica será más fuerte si está enmarcada en una red de relaciones sociales recíprocas, que serían unos valores sociales compartidos. Y lo anterior, bajo la premisa de que todo cuanto acontece en el orden público tenga -o deba tener- como presupuesto una definición del concepto de justicia; tanto por lo que hace al ejercicio del poder de parte de los gobernantes, como por lo que corresponde al trato justo que reclaman los ciudadanos.
De la síntesis entre ambos enfoques resulta la bilateralidad de los derechos y deberes del Estado, respecto de los derechos y deberes que corresponden a los ciudadanos. El Estado debe satisfacer para todos las siete aspiraciones sociales cardinales que, para los fines de esta tesis son: la aspiración de seguridad, la aspiración de nuevas experiencias y de perfeccionamiento o adelanto, la aspiración de reconocimiento, la aspiración de asistir, la aspiración de libertad, la aspiración de poder y la aspiración de sujeción.
The purpose of this work is to fulfill the research requirements in connection with a doctoral thesis at Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB).
The thesis consists of ten parts which amount to a total of fifteen chapters. In order to develop it, a focus has been used to express a personal position arising from research. This is a thesis that begins as a historical piece and ends up as an analytic and descriptive work.
The idea of a thesis implies adopting a personal posture in regard to an issue. In this work, we assume a position with respect to the activity of a legislator as long as that activity, as well as that of the State in general, is no longer responsive to the collectivities; today, more than ever, the presence of other players and their influence on the creation of new legislation independent from the original thoughts of legislators has become obvious.
Having been the subject of many studies, the juridical phenomenon may often appear no longer to be a viable area of research. However, there are always situations and players worthy of study and consideration within the context of the normative; such is the case of the community and the social movements that arise within it.
We propose, along these lines, that the Law may be like a chameleon and mime the way in which the actions of social movements, as well as others, become norms of various types into the juridical realm. That is what perpetuates the existence of the Law since otherwise, being a product of culture and civilization, it is only acquired after much effort and can easily be lost if it does not adapt to social needs. In order to preserve the peace, the rule of Law must find a balance between the power of those who govern and the societal needs. At the moment of creation this is no longer only a parliamentary duty to formulate bills and introduce them as means of formal representation but rather the product of that very process. This forces us to reconfigure our view of the State so that the Law's mimesis of social processes flows easily and is most beneficial to the community. The State is increasingly incapable of tending to the social needs; legislators do not necessarily recognize the needs of those who elected them. It is not always through legislative actions therefore that societies organize themselves in various ways to give birth with relative independence to their own laws. The legal system is therefore a byproduct as well as a mirror of society. Nowadays societies are influenced by globalization, multinational corporations, and the influence of other societies that may or may not be at a geographical proximity. On the other hand, our vision of the universe is much wider than ever before. As we understand that there are pressure points, we must acknowledge that the framework is not internal but globalized. With this in mind, the notion of the science of the normative may need to be reformulated so that it may be more effective and contemporary. Yet another point is how in very specific cases of handling of justice issues, specially within an Anglo-Saxon context, the mimesis takes place through the intervention of judges and is a consequence of the graded development of the Law. When this happens, the awareness of how just a demand may be expedites the benefit of the mimesis mentioned.
What has been exposed thus far demands that we take into account the role of the collective players mentioned above. This will be accomplished best if it is done within a context of shared social values and through entities such as non-government organizations that can serve as a bridge and a communication channel in order to translate social concerns to the entities in charge of the juridical regulation of conduct. The shared social values and harmony that can be reached in community living, regardless of the size of the communities in question, have a large amount of ethical content, but this must be of a common ethic that respects the plurality and multiplicity of cultures as much as possible.
It would be within such community pluralism that most benefit could be reaped from the social capital, which is concordant with the idea of community and is related to what some call "civic virtue" with the addition that said civic virtue will be stronger when framed in a net of reciprocal social relations which would be shared social values. The above, under the premise that everything that happens within the public order has, or should have, as an assumption a definition of the concept of justice, not only as it pertains to the exercise of power by those who govern but as it does to the fair treatment that citizens demand.
The synthesis of both approaches yields the bilaterality of the rights and duties of the State with respect to the rights and duties of the citizens. The State must then satisfy the seven cardinal social expectations which, for the purpose of this thesis, are the expectation of security, the expectation of new experiences, progress and development, the expectation of recognition, the expectation of support, the expectation of liberty, the expectation of power and the expectation of abiding.
Martins, Daniele Comin. "Uma aproximação entre pluralismo jurídico e marxismo." Florianópolis, SC, 2003. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/86134.
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O novo paradigma do Direito denominado Pluralismo Jurídico, enquanto uma nova cultura jurídica, traduz para o mundo jurídico o momento de crise paradigmática pelo qual todos os ramos da ciência estão passando, face aos intensos processos de aumento da complexidade da realidade empírica. Este novo modelo jurídico parte da constatação de que ao lado do Direito Oficial vigente existem formas diversas de juridicidade, detentores de certa validade, legitimidade, eficácia e coercibilidade. Entre as várias correntes teorizadoras do Pluralismo Jurídico, o Pluralismo Jurídico de caráter emancipador, definido por Antônio Carlos Wolkmer como Direito Comunitário-participativo, se concretiza como um novo paradigma do Direito, marco transformador da realidade jurídica, social e política e novo modelo de cultura do Direito, possuidor de uma postura progressista e de uma práxis emancipatória. Na teorização do Pluralismo Jurídico Emancipador, percebe-se que foram utilizadas categorias marxistas, o que delimita o tema desta pesquisa. Nesse sentido, surge a problematização da temática: é possível uma aproximação entre Direito Comunitário-participativo e a Teoria Social Marxista? No que tange esta problemática, a hipótese é a de que categorias marxistas foram atualizadas e aproveitas na construção do pluralismo jurídico. Este estudo sobre o Pluralismo Jurídico Comunitário-participativo se justifica na medida em que ele se coloca como uma alternativa ao modelo jurídico tradicional, já insuficiente para responder às novas questões que surgem na realidade social contemporânea, colocadas pelas novas necessidades humanas fundamentais, enquanto que a recuperação do pensamento marxista, através da abordagem de sua Teoria Social, se justifica não só pela riqueza que o mesmo possui por ser um clássico, o que torna possível as suas mais diversas leituras e a sua atualização, como também por seu permanente convite à ação transformadora da realidade nas esferas do social e do político. Esta atualidade da obra marxiana também encontra justificativa na medida em que ela continua sendo um instrumental contribuidor para a elaboração de novas teorias progressistas viabilizadoras de mudanças na sociedade. Percebe-se nesta análise que o Pluralismo Jurídico de teor emancipador detém em seu horizonte conceitual categorias que se aproximam da teoria social marxista, como práxis social, emancipação, sujeito histórico em processo de lutas sociais, necessidades humanas fundamentais e democracia participativa. Além disto, a possibilidade de aproximação destas duas teorias se inicia no papel progressista e de transformação da realidade de que ambas são detentoras. Conclui-se, por fim, pela total possibilidade de aproximação entre estas teorias face à utilização de algumas categorias marxistas no Pluralismo Jurídico Emancipador; pela necessidade de se resgatar o pensamento marxista não só na esfera do social e do político, mas também na esfera jurídica, na busca de instrumentos de contestação da ordem vigente; e pelo devido reconhecimento a ser dado pela comunidade jurídica ao projeto ético emancipador deste novo paradigma da cultura do Direito, que é o Pluralismo Jurídico Comunitário-participativo, enquanto práxis cotidiana de transformação da realidade sócio-jurídica.
Kuttler, Guillaume. "Corporéité des seniors, pluralité des demandes sociales et propriétés socio-culturelles." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG022.
Full textSeniors would have only recently broke the "taboo of Youth" (Rochefort, 2004) and seem to excluded from the more physical and bodily practices. Thus, the increasing of their age group (Richet-Mastain , 2007), re-examines the issues surrounding the corporeality of the aging individual, its relation to physical activity , but also to the body in general. The study's senior and his corporeality, defined by "all concrete features of the body as a social being" (Berthelot, 1983) is a relatively new research topic in the horizon of contemporary sociology, and allows to address the complexity of the scientific link nourish body practices with this group of individuals carrying plural frequently "the stigma of age" (Lebreton , 2006). Due to the critical issues arising from this social group, and the apparent diversity of these seniors, this question takes on their corporeality because of its demographic and social reality, its complexity but also its legitimacy . What then are the reasons for practices and the real motivations of seniors engaged in bodily practices ? Their physicality is it then suffered or chosen ? What are their personal demands and what meaning do they give them ?
Perri, Giuseppe. "La pluralité religieuse dans l’Ukraine postcommuniste." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/276714.
Full textDoctorat en Philosophie
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Juanpere, Duñó Paula. "Ficcions del pluralisme. L’espai ficcional en les arts visuals contemporànies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/132280.
Full textThis PhD research project analyzes the specific contemporary connection between fiction and visual arts. In the context of what Arthur Danto calls post-historical era the boundaries between arts have diluted. In this new paradigm, it becomes apparent that there are no stylistic or philosophical constraints. There is no special way works of art have to be. Since the breakdown of his relationship with the act of vision, visual arts have radicalized their dependence to theoretical sphere, establishing a central role of word. In this context and in constant dialogue with the "eruption of reality," some artists create fictions, works where spectators are invited to imagine beyond a factual fact. The focus of this research is to investigate what we call fictional space: the coordinates and signs that make emerge a story and that create a novelistic position. These are fictions that can not be read on a syntactic order, there is no plot composed and the figure of the narrator is diluted among the artist, the voice projected, and the public.
Costache, Andreea Madalina. "De-regulation of european media policy (2000-2014) The debate on media governance and media pluralism in the EU." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284884.
Full textThis PhD dissertation analyses the case of the regulation of media pluralism at the European Union’s institutions level. The main objective is to examine if there is an evolution on the EU media policy change from strict-government regulation to a soft-governance approach regarding the protection of pluralism from 2000 to 2014. In the first part the theoretical framework is developed, based on two theoretical concepts: media pluralism and soft-governance. In this regard, this study argues that media pluralism can be better protected if the statutory governance at national level of Member States is complemented with soft-regulatory measures at the EU level, considering the circumstances of the European Commission limitation of competences. In the second part are analyzed the media policy actions at the EU level. A distinction is made here between the policy actions and initiatives for the protection of media pluralism advanced by the EU institutions like European Parliament, the Council of Europe, civil society organizations and the ones of the European Commission. The hard-regulatory initiatives, strategies and arguments and soft-regulatory ones towards the protection of media pluralism, coming from all the media policy actors, are discussed. In this way, it can be assessed if the European Commission is distancing further more from the subject of media pluralism or is bridging the gap towards the initiatives of the Member States to complement these initiatives with soft-regulatory initiatives at the EU level.
Llorens, Maluquer Carles. "Concentración de empresas de comunicación y el pluralismo: la acción de la Unión Europea." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4095.
Full textThe study object of this thesis is the European policy about media pluralism in the last ten years. The methodology used is a check of selected bibliography with personal interviews of EU member staff. In the first part, it describes the framework of the audiovisual sector at the nineties. After that, it defines the general concepts like pluralism, concentration and convergence. In the second part of the thesis, the author analyses the role of European institutions in front of pluralism and concentration. First, it studies how European Council has developed an important task on pluralism research. Nevertheless, his weak politic power has avoided any practical influence in European states. On the other hand, the EU institutions have played an important role in the pluralism regulation of European media. The main politics used have been: competition rules, television standards technologies Directive, 'Television Without Frontiers' harmonization, convergence, public television competition cases and audiovisual aid media schemes. There was only a direct attempt to regulate the pluralism issue at European level in 1996. It failed to pass the Commissioners approval because of internal and external opposition and showed the difficulties to build up a pluralism rule for all of EU members. The policy making process of this rule is described in the last thesis chapter. It concludes that the EU has not yet enough capacity to deal with media pluralism. Another conclusion is that it is necessary to see pluralism policy as something more than ownership restrictions. Pluralism is also diversity on the content broadcasted by the media. Each kind of television -commercial, public and pay- needs a different level of obligations that guarantee the pluralism.
Astorga, Sepúlveda Cristóbal Andrés. "La celda de la virtud : pluralismo, moral maquiavélica y republicanismo." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/112747.
Full textEn la presente tesis discuto tres aspectos del pensamiento de Nicolás Maquiavelo (1469-1527). En primer lugar, su posición en la historia de la filosofía de la diversidad valorativa. Para un entendimiento del pluralismo como un anti-monismo, Maquiavelo es un autor pluralista. Su visión de la política como una actividad que no está fundada en la moral cristiana (el esquema conceptual más corriente para el siglo XVI) le habría permitido distinguir y reconocer dos sistemas de valoración distintos y antagónicos. En segundo lugar, la relación entre moral y política, o, en otras palabras, la relación entre los dos sistemas morales presentes en la obra de Maquiavelo. Si bien ambos sistemas son antagónicos, argumento que hay comunicación entre ellos. Examino el manejo retórico de términos como “virtud”, y sentimientos comúnmente asociados a la esfera privada, como “venganza” y “resentimiento”, para dilucidar cómo se produce la comunicación entre los sistemas moral y político. En tercer lugar, discuto su posición al interior del republicanismo como teoría política, que es tradicional asociar con la noción de virtud cívica. La discusión permite discernir variedades de republicanismo que están en pugna con la imagen clásica. Se logra así un entendimiento del republicanismo más complejo en términos históricos y conceptuales, contrastable con otros en el debate de la primera década del siglo XXI que gozan de mayor difusión
Cudic, Sanda. "Multikulturalität und Multikulturalismus in Bosnien-Herzegowina : eine Fallstudie zu Herausbildung, Bedeutung und Regulierung kollektiver Identität in Bosnien-Herzegowina /." Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39193431r.
Full textLeyton, Narváez Horacio. "Identidad Indígena y Derecho Jurídico en Sociedades Plurales. Revisión de la aplicación y avance del Convenio N°169 OIT en América Latina en los Sistemas Jurídicos y Penales." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/404149.
Full textThe Thesis is based on a review of the legal conflicts among the state and the indigenous peoples in Latin America. This work is the result of the questioning of a real pluralistic vision of the legal right, mainly the conflicts of different contexts among the States and the indigenous peoples in Latin America. On this basis, it is our interest to compare in depth the relationship between the indigenous identity and the legal right within the pluralistic societies. The development of the theoretical framework is based on the definition of Legal Pluralism, opposed to the concept of Judicial Monism, widely used by the Western Justice in Latin America. We researched the contributions of the Legal Anthropology in the legal framework. We refer to its origin and describe the concepts commonly used on these remarks, such as ethnic identity, cultural diversity, multiculturalism, pluriculturalism and interculturality. We also reviewed the advance of the legal pluralism, in some cases, and the significance of the cultural tradition for the existence of the indigenous peoples, and thus, to avoid acts of genocide arising from the states. The main current indigenous conflicts are the consequence of the dispossession of their lands and loss of resources, because of the exploitation of forest, minerals, hydrocarbons and water resources, aquaculture projects and entry ban to protected areas; among others. Thus, from the Legal Anthropology it is understood that there is an indissoluble condition between Justice and Culture. We focused on the ILO Convention Nº 169 to review an international instrument aimed to protect the rights of the indigenous peoples. After a revision, I can emphasise that the ILO Convention Nº 169 has not been fully materialized, since some of its articles are not being complied, specially at the legal field. Thus, although the international legal framework to respect the legal rights of the indigenous peoples, its fulfillment will depend on the political will of the States.
Cipriano, Marion. "D'un corps à l'autre : les corps à l'épreuve de la santé publique : représentations et pratiques relatives aux corps et aux soins dans un village des Andes sud-péruviennes." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30034.
Full textThis thesis focuses on representations and practices related to bodies and cares in a South Peruvian Andes village. This object, which seems classical in Andean ethnology, is discussed here in a dynamic, pluralistic and politicized situation with an approach which is clearly distinguishable from the usual processes. If these representations and practices have first been understood in domestic spaces and among healers, it is then the health station, a formal structure of public health, which has been taken into account in the local medical pluralism. Its relationships with the villagers were then analyzed interms of power. Its influence on care practices, on the body and its corresponding representations was questioned. To capture the changes taking place for over thirty years, a diachronic perspective was finally chosen. Thus, a dynamic of control and normalization of bodies and individuals by the public health could be brought to light. A phenomenon that resulted so far in transforming care practices but also individual bodies, as well as in increasing differentiation of the society. With generational renewal this transformation process, relatively new but nevertheless deep, can possiblylead to a real sociocultural swing here summarized by the expression "from one body to another" which refers not only to the passage of an "individual body to another" but also "from a social body to another"
Lorentzen, Mikael. "Multikulturella visioner : hedersrelaterat våld och socialt arbete i medierna." Licentiate thesis, Växjö University, School of Health Sciences and Social Work, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2350.
Full textDenna studie fäster intresset vid de senaste årens ökade uppmärksamhet runt femomenet hedersrelaterat våld. En uppmärksamhet som tagit sig uttryck i exempelvis statliga satsningar och offentlig debatt.
Det övergripande syftet med denna licentiatavhandling är att studera det samtal som förts i den medierade offentligheten, för att däri finna uttryck för idéer och ståndpunkter om hur staten skall reagera på hedersrelaterat våld.
För att kunna uppnå det övergripande syftet var det nödvändigt att med hjälp av tidigare teori konstruera ett analysinstrument, detta är studiens andra syfte. Analysverktyget som användes i undersökningen bestod av fyra olika socialpolitiska åtgärder för att komma till rätta med hedersvåld: reglering typ 1, reglering typ 2, exit (ingenting alls) och dialog. De socialpolitiska åtgärderna i analysverktyget betraktas som operationaliserade visioner om det multikulturella samhället. Det multikulturella samhällsidealet assimilationism, där det ivras för gemensamma värderingar och där gruppens betydelse tonas ner, ligger bakom den socialpolitiska åtgärden reglering typ 1. Kosmopolitism är det multikulturella ideal vilket åtgärdsformen reglering typ 2 är en yttring av. Här betonas tolerans för skillnader och mänskliga rättigheter, men ovilja inför omständigheter då individer ställs inför gruppers tvång till anpassning och underkastelse. Den multikulturella formen som benämns fragmentiserad pluralism och där gruppgemenskap, respekt för grupprättigheter och gruppers särart är viktiga ståndpunkter, reflekteras i interventionsformen exit (ingenting alls). I den sista varianten av multikulturalism, interaktiv pluralism, påtalas betydelsen av samspel mellan grupper och ömsesidig förståelse av olikheter, interventionsformen som speglar denna form av multikulturalism är dialog.
Ett ytterligare mindre syfte med licentiatavhandlingen består i att belysa hur socialtjänstens arbete med hedersrelaterat våld lyfts fram i medierna.
Licentiatavhandlingen är vetenskapsteoretiskt grundad i kritisk realism och teoretiskt är studien förankrad i tankegångar om multikulturalism. Speciellt betydelsefulla är de teoretiska diskussioner där man fokuserar på konflikten mellan jämställdhetsideal och frihetsideal i multikulturella västerländska stater. Följande frågor söker jag svar på: I vilken omfattning återspeglas olika multikulturella idéer, i form av åtgärder eller socialpolitiska interventioner mot dem som utför hedersrelaterat våld, i den medierade offentligheten? Vilken betydelse har faktorer som tidningsartikelkaraktär, tidningens utgivningsområde och publiceringstidpunkt på vilka socialpolitiska interventioner som lyfts fram? Hur ser skillnaden mellan olika aktörer ut vad gäller vilken socialpolitisk åtgärd som lyfts fram och finns det skillnad mellan aktörer i vilken omfattning som de förekommer i tidningsartiklarna? I vilken mån har dikotomin multikulturalism/assimilationism någon bäring och relevans i den svenska debatten om hedersvåld? I vilken grad och på vilket sätt skildras socialtjänsten i debatten om hedersrelaterat våld?
Empirin består i grunden av 1755 artiklar ur fem av Sveriges största dagstidningar (i några av analyserna har endast vissa delar av detta material används). Tidningsartiklarna har behandlats utifrån den textanalysiska metoden innehållsanalys. Som hjälp har använts ett speciellt datorprogram (QDA Miner) som utvecklats bl.a. för detta ändamål. Vissa delar av analysen har utförts genom manuell kodning medan andra delar har datorn genom instruktioner automatiskt sökt och hämtat specifika ord. Viss enklare deskriptiv statistisk beräkning har skett. Resultaten redovisas i frekvenstabeller och i vissa fall även med exemplifierande citat hämtade från tidningsartiklarna.
Resultaten i studien visar att: (1) intresset för hedersvåld har ökat de senaste åren och att detta tycks ha sammanfallit med de två hedersmorden på Fadime Sahindal och Pela Atroshi; (2) det går att påvisa fyra olika former av socialpolitiska åtgärder i artikelmaterialet samt att en av dessa, reglering typ 2 (dvs. den kosmopolitiska visionen) tycks ha en särställning genom att vara den mest förekommande, även då man testar mot variabler som tidningsartikelkaraktär, tidningens utgivningsområde och publiceringstidpunkt; (3) dikotomin multikulturalism/ assimilationism stämmer dåligt i de sammanhang där hedersrelaterat våld diskuteras; (4) de socialpolitiska åtgärderna förefaller oftast vara reaktiva; (5) politiker och debattörer utgör aktörer som man oftast finner bakom uttalanden om socialpolitiska åtgärder; och slutligen (6) socialtjänsten nämns i ringa grad i förhållande till andra myndigheter samt framställs i tämligen negativ dager.
En central implikation av studiens resultat är att resta krav på statliga ingripanden mot dem som utövar hedersvåld inte nödvändigtvis innebär en assimilationistisk ståndpunkt. Den springande punkten är hur ”kraven på ingripanden” motiveras. Ur en assimilationistisk ståndpunkt ämnas statliga åtgärder mynna ut i en delad ”livsstil”, medan det utifrån en kosmopolitisk ståndpunkt snarare handlar om att åtgärderna skall säkerställa efterlevnad av lagar och mänskliga rättigheter. Det gäller således att inte förväxla dessa två på ytan lika men ändå i grunden olika ställningstaganden.
This study focuses its interest on recent years’ increased attention, in Sweden, to the phenomenon of honour violence. The attention has taken the shape of, for example, government actions and public debate.
The overall purpose of this dissertation is to study the discourses that have been held in the public sphere and therein find expressions of ideas and positions regarding how the state should react to honour violence. To achieve the overall objective, it was necessary to use previous theories to construct an analytical tool. The analytical tool consists of four different sociopolitical measures used to handle honour violence: regulation type 1, regulation type 2, exit (nothing) and dialogue. In the analysis tool, the various types of intervention are regarded as operational visions of the multicultural society. The multicultural ideal assimilation, which eagerly supports common values and where the group’s importance is toned down, is behind the sociopolitical action regulation type 1. Cosmopolitanism is the multicultural ideal of which regulation type 2 is a manifestation. It stresses tolerance for differences and human rights, but is reluctant to accept circumstances in which individuals are forced to submit to group pressure. For fragmented pluralism, group solidarity and respect for the rights of the group are important and this view is reflected in the intervention exit (nothing). The final version of multiculturalism, interactive pluralism, calls attention to the importance of interaction between groups and mutual understanding of differences. The intervention which mirrors this form of multiculturalism is a dialogue.
A further objective of this study is to highlight how social work with honour violence is presented in the media.
The dissertation has its epistemological basis in the critical realism and theoretically the study is rooted in ideas about multiculturalism. Especially important have been the theoretical discussions focused on the conflict between equality and liberty in multicultural western states. Among other things I have searched for answers to the following questions: To what extent are the different multicultural ideas reflected as action or social policy interventions against perpetrators of honour violence, in the mediated public sphere? Does the dichotomy multiculturalism/assimilation have any bearing and relevance in the Swedish debate on honour violence or are there second positions behind the binary split? To what extent and by what means are the social services described in the debate on honour violence?
The empirical material basically consists of 1755 articles taken from five of Sweden's largest daily newspapers (in some of the analyses, only certain parts of this material are used). The news articles have been treated on the basis of a content analytical method. To help, a special computer program (QDA Miner), developed among other things for this purpose, has been used. Some parts of the analysis have been carried out by manual coding while other parts are made by computer automated searching and downloading of specific words. Some simple descriptive statistical calculations have been made. The results are reported in frequency tables and, in some cases, with illustrative quotations from the newspaper articles.
The results of the study show that: (1) there has been an increasing interest in honour violence the last few years and this seems to coincide with the two honour killings of Fadime Sahindal and Pela Atroshi, (2) it is possible to detect four different forms of social action, and one of them, regulation type 2 (that is the cosmopolitan vision), seems to have a special status in that it is most common, (3) dichotomy multiculturalism/assimilation hardly corresponds to the context in which the honour violence is discussed (4) the social policy measures most often seem to be reactive, (5) agents behind the statements on social policy are most often politicians and commentators, and finally, (6) social services, in relation to other authorities, are mentioned rarely and presented in a fairly negative way.
A key implication of the study results is that when people called for government action against those who practice honour violence, this does not necessarily mean they have an assimilationistic view. The key question is how “demand for intervention” is justified. From an assimilationistic standpoint, governmental actions should lead to a single "lifestyle," while they from a cosmopolitan viewpoint should rather ensure compliance with laws and human rights. It is therefore important not to confuse these two perspectives.
Troude, Gilles. "La question nationale en République fédérative socialiste de Youcoslavie de la fin des années cinquante à la fin des années soixante-dix." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030040.
Full textIn the Federative Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia, the National Question becomes more and more important in the period which stretches from the end of the fifties to the end of the seventies. Attempts of reform are undertaken on the one hand in the Republic of Macedonia, in founding an autocephalous Church and a specific litterary language, and in the other hand in the multiethnical Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in creating the Muslim citizenship, following the revival of Islam. The F. S. R. Y. Is facing difficulties in implementing this politics in Kosovo, with the riots of 1968, and in the Republic of Croatia, which is shaken by a deep crisis of identity in 1971 called " the Croatian Spring ", and a following hard political purge. To cope with these difficulties, the federal power establishes a new semi-confederal Constitution in 1974, which grants an egalitarian status to both Autonomous Provinces of Kosovo and Voi͏̈vodina
Nwankwo, Josephat Okanumee. "Ethical challenges of authority in a pluralistic society : the Nigerian example /." Berlin ; New York ; Paris : P. Lang, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37108628g.
Full textMuñoz, Martínez Celeste. "La ley contra la costumbre. Segregación, asimilación jurídica y castigo en la Guinea española bajo el franquismo (1936-1959)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670733.
Full textThis doctoral thesis offers innovative research on the Francoist colonial period in Spanish Guinea until its transformation into a Spanish province. That is, between 1936 and 1959. The main objective has been, through the documentation of different archives, the legislative bodies of the period, the bibliography and the fieldwork in Equatorial Guinea, to trace the ideological and governmental principles of the system of legal pluralism that was implanted in Spanish Guinea from the beginning of the occupation, its evolution and its intensification under the Franco regime. To this end, this research is divided into three large, differentiated and interconnected blocks. The first is devoted to legal segregation, the Spanish colonial model (direct or indirect) and, especially, the emancipation regime. The second, divided into two chapters, deals with the evolution of the judicial system and offers an interpretative analysis of the civil and criminal proceedings. Finally, a third block, articulated around punishment and, above all, the penitentiary system. Likewise, there is a fourth section, perhaps more synchronic, which aims to be a link between the introduction (methodology) and the body of the thesis, dedicated to the development of territorial colonialism until the Civil War, to the war itself and to the institutionalisation of the Franco regime, by way of context and wider historical retrospective.
Piñones, Rivera Carlos. "La mala hora. Articulaciones en el pluralismo médico de agricultores precordilleranos aymaras chilenos." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/320188.
Full textLa salud de los pueblos originarios es uno de los temas de los cuales se ha venido hablando en Chile hace casi ya 20 años, llegando a formar parte de los intereses de distintos actores de la sociedad civil, tanto del mundo indígena como no indígena, y constituyendo parte significativa de la agenda del mundo académico y gubernamental. No obstante lo anterior, es notable la escasez de estudios empíricos que den cuenta de los Procesos de Salud/Enfermedad/Atención, así como de los saberes médicos actualmente vigentes y significativos entre los pueblos originarios. La presente investigación se planteó como objetivo principal la descripción de los saberes médicos y el análisis de sus procesos de articulación en tanto configurantes de relaciones de hegemonía/subalternidad entre la población de agricultores aymaras residentes en Camiña, en el norte de Chile. En términos metodológicos la producción de la evidencia empírica se realizó a través del método etnográfico y el uso de las técnicas cualitativas de entrevistas en profundidad y observación participante. El trabajo de campo duró un año y fue organizado de manera de conocer los saberes médicos andino, pentecostal, biomédico y de autoatención así como las articulaciones entre ellos. Lo que emerge como resultado principal del trabajo es la caracterización de una realidad articulatoria dinámica, que está dando origen a nuevas formas concretas de representar y operar frente al Proceso Salud/Enfermedad/Atención en el marco del pluralismo médico, dibujando el panorama concreto de la interculturalidad en salud en una comunidad específica. Dicha caracterización está articulada en una reflexión respecto de las distintas dinámicas de configuración de las relaciones de Hegemonía/Subalternidad, lo que muestra la complejidad de los procesos propios del pluralismo médico y contribuye a problematizar las ideas preconcebidas y asunciones ideológicas del campo concreto de la salud intercultural en el norte chileno y entre los aymaras.
Health care of indigenous people has been a recurrent topic in the late 20 years in Chile, and it has become a matter of the interest to different actors of civil society, within the indigenous world as well as the non-indigenous world, a subject that constitutes a significant part of governments and academic agendas. Nevertheless, there is an evident paucity of empirical research related to the health/illness/care process, as well as of valid and meaningful medical knowledge among native peoples. The main objective of this research is the description of medical knowledge and the analysis of its processes of articulation, as shapers of hegemony/subalternity relations among the population of Aymara farmers from Camiña, in the north of Chile. The methodological production of the empirical evidence was carried out though the ethnographic method and the use of qualitative techniques that consisted on in-depth interviews and participant observation. The fieldwork lasted one year and it was organized in order to know the Andean, Pentecostal, Biomedical and Self-Care medical knowledge, as well as the articulation among them. The main result of this work is the characterization of an articulatory dynamic reality, which is giving rise to new concrete ways to represent and operate according to the health/illness/care process within the framework of medical pluralism, portraying a concrete panorama of intercultural health within a specific community. This characterization is articulated in a reflection about the different dynamics of the shaping of hegemony/subalternity relations, which shows the complexity of the processes of medical pluralism and contributes to problematize the preconceived ideas and ideological assumptions in the field of intercultural health in the north of Chile and among the Aymara peoples.
Weber, Alva, and Eline Tangen. "Vårdnära servicetjänster- En möjlighet till förändring? : En kvalitativ intervjustudie." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för beteendevetenskap och socialt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40671.
Full textElderly care is a sector facing major challenges due to the increased number of elderly people in combination with difficulties regarding recruitment and providing competence. In order to cope with this challenge, a larger municipality in southern Sweden has examined alternative competencies in the area and found that the competence of the assistance nurse can be released by redistributing the duties regarding service. Due to the fact that service duties instead are transferred to a new profession, called Care Services, this may solve a part of providing competence. The current labor market, which is characterized by recruitment difficulties, coincides with the fact that there are people far from the labor market. In our qualitative interview study, we have conducted two individual interviews with individuals who are well aware of the subject and we have also conducted a focus group interview in order to examine how professionals, who work on a daily basis to support people find their place in the labor market, perceive the new profession. In order to analyze our empirical material we have used three theoretical starting points, which are the Human Relations perspective, the concept of competence as well as objectivity pluralism. In general, the results show that the new profession may be relevant to those persons who for various reasons have not yet found their place in the labor market. There have also been other clear profits combined with certain challenges that need to be taken into account in the future work with the new profession. In the municipality where the study was conducted, the new profession is not yet active and therefore it is challenging to discuss its future function and the implementation. English title: Care Services- An opportunity for change? Keywords: elderly care, Care Services, competence, recruitment, Human Relations perspective, The objectivity pluralism.
Khosravi, Behnaz. "La pluralité des formes culturelles légitimes en Iran : la distinction en question." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2109.
Full textBy looking through the history of Iranian society throughout the twentieth century, we are struck by the brutal and rapid social, demographic, political and economic transformations. Based on this observation, this thesis attempts to reconstruct the plurality of legitimate cultural forms resulting from a state of crisis along with a lasting and structural instability (structural changes in socializing institutions, multiple downgrades and reclassifications of social positions, lack of stabilization orimposition of a legitimate culture).The analysis is founded on a macro-sociological approach, on one hand, based on the history of rapid mutations in Iranian society in order to trace their impact on social stratification, notably the composition of the dominant classes of society, and on the other, grounded on a corpus of statistical data at the national level in order to draw the schema of the Iranian social space where are positioned the different social groups characterized by their economic and educational capital, as well as by their cultural tastes and practices or their religious and political orientations. In the second part, this thesis is based on over twenty interviews with persons who belong to the dominant classes in order to reconstruct their life trajectory, to show their socialization processes during a history of breaks, and to highlight the social conditions of building a plurality of legitimate cultural forms in Iran
Miras, Boronat Núria Sara. "Wittgenstein y Gadamer: lenguaje, praxis, razón. El problema del pluralismo a través de la filosofía del lenguaje." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1764.
Full textPALABRAS CLAVE: Filosofía de la intersubjetividad, Hermenéutica, Filosofía de la acción, Pluralismo
The goal of the Doctoral Thesis is to examine the common influence of Wittgenstein and Gadamer on the contemporary debate concerning the theoretical pluralism, i.e. the controversial question of the competence and limits of human reason in the context of a plurality of forms of life and historical traditions. Wittgenstein and Gadamer are held to be the most important referents of two opposite philosophical movements without any points of contact: the analytical philosophy and the philosophical hermeneutics. Nevertheless, a careful treatment of both philosophers reveals profound affinities in the concepts of language and praxis. The most important coincidence is thus the assumption that all relevant philosophical problems have to do with our language in its ordinary uses. This results in the requirement to abandon the modern paradigm of knowledge, for which a transcendental subject is postulated as the condition of possibility of science and action.
The Thesis consist in big three sections. The first introductory section presents an historical and philosophical reconstruction of the main arguments of philosophical pluralism. The second section contains four chapters that follow the transition of each of the authors from language to praxis and discusses their separate impact on the present practical philosophy. The final section consists in a comparison between their philosophies of language. The comparison is based on the image of the language as a game or a play, the practical constitution of belief and the dialogic model of communal life-world, aiming a pluralistic approach of reason.
Cáceres, Pino Antonieta Andrea. "Análisis de la supuesta rivalidad entre calidad e inclusión en la educación superior." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/132100.
Full textLa literatura expone la inclusión como una característica deseable en las instituciones de educación superior, complementaria a la excelencia. Sin embargo, no basta únicamente con dar la ilusión de un ingreso más heterogéneo para los estudiantes. Las universidades deben responsabilizarse de estos cupos especiales, dado que el mayor acceso no garantiza la titulación de la carrera, por una parte, ni un retorno económico positivo, por otra. Así, un desafío para las instituciones de educación superior es identificar los factores críticos que debe cumplir un programa de apoyo a la retención de estudiantes talentosos y lograr eficiencia al implementarlos. Esto significa a su vez mayores costos y una mayor inversión para recibir el mayor cupo de estudiantes. El siguiente trabajo estudia, desde una perspectiva conceptual, la supuesta rivalidad existente entre el aseguramiento de la calidad en la educación superior y la inclusión de estudiantes de distinto origen socioeconómico en la misma. Para orientar el desarrollo se plantean dos principales preguntas: (1) ¿Son ambas características excluyentes? y (2) de no ser así, ¿basta únicamente con flexibilizar el sistema de ingreso a la educación superior para garantizar una mayor inclusión?
Jaumier, Stéphane. "Pouvoir, contrôle et résistance dans les coopératives de salariés : une ethnographie d'une coopérative ouvrière." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090044/document.
Full textMy study focuses on questions of power, control and resistance within worker co-operatives. In a first part, I analyse a situation involving interactions between representatives of the co-operative movement so as to show the role played by critique in their understanding of their pluralistic environment. The remainder of my work draws on the ethnographic study of a co-operative sheet-metal factory with some thirty workers-owners, in which I have worked as an operative during one year. Within this co-operative, I evidence the presence of two main forms of control. The first draws on bottom-up mechanisms, through which co-operators undermine the power of their chiefs so as to insure the democratic functioning of the organisation. The second is a form of peer-control, based on craft ethics, which co-operators rely on in order to prevent the managerialisation of their organisation. My research work thus contributes to show the importance of studying alternative forms of organisation such as co-operatives for furthering our understanding of questions of power, control and resistance as well as the way in which a strong professional culture can serve as an impediment to processes of co-operative degeneration
Lalonde, Louise. "Médiation et idéal de justice au Québec : une perspective internormative." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010268.
Full textFassatoui, Omar. "Biomédecine, religions et droit : étude comparative entre islam et judaïsme." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1032.
Full textBiomedecine as a new form of medecine changed many social realities its original context. In others conttexts of the world where religion is present on a political and legal level, biomedecine can be more that problematic as it may be in contradiction with religious rules or religious consturctions of social realities. In all contexts, it' is up to the law to solve these problems and find a way to balance the need for medical solutions and religious and ethical issues
Dabo, Aïssata. "L’égalité de l’homme et de la femme dans le mariage en Afrique noire francophone : Étude comparée des Codes des personnes et de la famille du Bénin, du Burkina Faso et du Mali." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0882/document.
Full textFrench-speaking black African countries have renewed their civil rights, on the basis of the French civil code resulting from the 1804 colonial legacy. The texts issued from the reform called “Codes of persons and family” were supposed to put an end to legal pluralism within private relationships, resulting from the coexistence between positive law, customary and religious rules, by the unification of family rights. It provides at the same time the opportunity to confirm marriage regulations within the legal law of international human’s rights, particularly about nuptiality. In this respect, equality of man and woman held the central place in statements of laws patterns. However, the rights of sexual equality moreover disadvantage women. Much more, the sectoral character of the legal approaches concerning the reduction of the inequality, compromises the transforming role of the right. Furthermore, some facts demonstrate that normative pluralism remains and that its impact is negative on the efficiency of the rules in force.When we compare the Codes of Benin, Burkina and Mali it reveals that in return of some new rights instituted in favor of woman, for example the unapplied professional autonomy, irreconcilable customs with human rights such as polygyny has been incorporated in republican rights. It follows that some African legislators are not significantly detached from traditions that contribute to the maintenance of woman legal and social condition. This situation calls for deep reform of family rights, as well as the implementation of a governmental action plan to achieve equality of sexes within marriage
Blanc, Nicolas. "Constitutionnalisme et exclusion : critique du regard français sur le modèle canadien de pluralisme." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0289/document.
Full textThis research intends on proving how constitutionalism and exclusion collide one against the other through acritique of the french gaze on a supposedly canadian model of pluralism. The negative comparison’s silencesbetween France and Canada gave birth to this question of how one is being excluded and othered based on theidentity of constitutional law. This critique, that focuses on identities, is shifting those three dialectics supportingthe aforementioned negative comparison : positivism v. pluralism, universalism v. differentialism, republicanismv. liberal pluralism. France and Canada share the issue of how legal reality is oriented toward specific identities.This research, then, is a critique of constitutionalism identities. Exclusion is defined as the gap between theorientation of law’s identities and the bodily reality of its subjects. The analytical tool developed here to tackleexclusion in law has three steps : shedding light on the orientations of constitutionalism, its identity structure,and its constitutional Others. This research purports on turning scholars’ critical gaze towards thisphenomenology of constitutional exclusion, its « constitutive outside, » by deciphering a typology ofconstitutional Others. This will be so through the collisions of freedom of religion and sexual orientation.Constitutionalism is per se oriented towards the ascendency of whiteness, patriarcalism and heteronormativity
Cevallos, Salgado Ricardo Xavier. "Rationalizing sociology as an educational strategy : Plurality of convictions and position-takings of sociology students in Swedish higher education." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446507.
Full textAparicio, Wilhelmi Marco. "Implicaciones constitucionales del proceso de integración europea. El artículo 93 de la Constitución Española como cláusula de apertura a la interrelación ordinamental en un marco pluralista." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5214.
Full text¿Qué alcance tiene la transformación del Estado operada a partir de su pertenencia a esa nueva entidad comunitaria? ¿De qué manera quedan afectadas las posibilidades de vigencia de los principios del constitucionalismo democrático? ¿Qué implicaciones constitucionales se derivan de la noción de integración que incorpora el art. 93 de la Constitución española?
A la hora de abordar el análisis de las implicaciones jurídicas del proceso de integración comunitaria, existen en el actual panorama doctrinal y jurisprudencial dos grandes posicionamientos: las visiones representadas por el monismo comunitarista del Tribunal de Justicia de la Comunidad, y las visiones representadas por el Tribunal Constitucional alemán, seguidas en buena parte por el Tribunal Constitucional español.
Las dos perspectivas recién mencionadas aunque enfrentadas en cuanto a resultados son coincidentes por lo que a los planteamientos de fondo se refiere. Ambas concuerdan en una visión monista según la cual debe poder identificarse el ordenamiento, el órgano o institución, que tenga la última palabra y asegure así la coherencia de un sistema que en último extremo debe resultar unitario.
El presente trabajo viene motivado principalmente por la consideración del carácter insatisfactorio de los planteamientos recién recogidos. Se considera, por un lado, que se trata de perspectivas insuficientes a la hora de describir las verdaderas implicaciones del proceso de integración europea. Por otra parte, se cree que de tal insuficiencia nace además una incapacidad prescriptiva de cara a proponer los instrumentos jurídicos que deban asegurar la vigencia de los principios propios del constitucionalismo, esto es, la exigencia del control y limitación de los distintos centros de poder, así como la existencia de cauces reales de participación popular en la toma de decisiones políticas (legitimación democrática de origen y de desarrollo), partiendo del ejercicio efectivo de los derechos fundamentales.
La quiebra del principio de unidad ordinamental, obliga a repensar la idea de Estado tanto por lo que respecta a sus distintos atributos o fragmentos (pueblo, poder y territorio), como por lo que se refiere a sus funciones. Y es desde tal replanteamiento desde el que se deberá enfocar el análisis de las implicaciones del proceso de integración comunitaria.
La tesis se enfrenta al reto de proponer un planteamiento teórico distinto, que consiste básicamente en fundamentar la separación ordinamental y asumir las consecuencias que se derivan de la autonomía de los sistemas comunitario y estatales, propuesta enfrentada con la actual línea jurisprudencial del Tribunal Constitucional español. Desde tal perspectiva, los ejes fundamentales de la propuesta son dos> la consideración de la recíproca, aunque mutuamente condicionada, autonomía de los ordenamientos en presencia; la dinámica de la interrelación como pauta de explicación de la relación entre ordenamientos autónomos.
Frente a los enfoques monistas, se propone una perspectiva distinta que rechaza la existencia de dos lógicas contradictorias, la de la integración y la de la soberanía estatal, apostando por la visión global de la interrelación de dos realidades que, referidas ambas a unos mismos destinatarios finales, no pueden ser entendidas la una sin la otra.
Detrás de estas cuestiones se sitúa uno de los principales interrogantes que la integración comunitaria nos plantea: ¿resulta posible la vigencia de los principios del constitucionalismo democrático en un marco político supraestatal?
In our context, one of the phenomena with the greatest influence in the mutation of the state's attributes and functions is the process of European integration. As we know, it is a process that acquires a specific juridical formulation: The European Union, which has as its nucleus the institutional reality that the European Community offers.
How far-reaching is the state transformation as part of this new common entity? In what ways are the democratic constitutional principles affected? What are constitutional implications resulting from the conception of integration that incorporates Article 93 of the Spanish Constitution?
In analyzing the juridical implications of the European integration process, two major positions emerge in the current doctrinal and jurisprudence panorama. One is the communitarian monist beliefs represented by the European Court of Justice; the other, the statist monist view represented by the German Constitutional Court and that the Spanish Constitutional Court also follows.
Although the two previously mentioned perspectives are dissimilar in terms of results, they coincide in their fundamental expositions. Both concur in their monist view, which, correspondingly, can identify the legal order, organ or institution that has the last word and can assure, then, a coherent system that above all else has to be united.
This work comes about as a result of a dissatisfaction with these two conceptions. On one hand, it is considered that they are inadequate to describe the real implications of the European integration process. On the other hand, it is believed that this deficiency results in a prescriptive incapacity upon proposing judicial tools that should ensure the validity of the constitutional principles. That is to say, the necessity of control and limitation of the different hubs of power, as is the existence of real channels for popular participation in making political decisions (original and developing democratic legitimation), starting from an effective exercise of fundamental rights.
The failure of a uniform legal order principle calls for rethinking the idea of the State, as much for its different attributes or fragments (people, power and territory) as for its functions. It is from this position that the analysis of the implications of the European integration process has to be focused.
This thesis faces the challenge of proposing a different theoretical view that basically consists in justifying the separation of the legal order and assuming the consequences that arise from European and state system autonomy. This proposal is at odds with the current line of jurisprudence of the Spanish Constitutional Court. From this point of view, there are two central arguments: the consideration of autonomy - albeit mutually conditioned - of the present legal orders; and the dynamics of its inter-relation as a starting point for a description of the relationship between autonomous legal orders.
A different perspective is offered to counter that of the monist school of thought. This view rejects the existence of two contradictory doctrines of integration and state sovereignty, and advocates the global vision of inter-relation of two realities that neither, being directed to the same final destination , can be understood one without the other.
From under these issues arises one of the major questions that the European integration presents: Is the validity of the democratic constitutional principle within a supra-state political frame possible?
Hernández, Morales Iris. "Aportes, problemáticas y desafíos que la noción de ciudadanía movilizada por el Movimiento de Diversidad Sexual y sus fragmentos LTGBI y lesbofeminista antirracista decolonial significan a la radicalización del pluralismo." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/142592.
Full textEl siguiente trabajo apunta a favorecer la radicalización del pluralismo. Para ello se sitúa en la escena de acción que propicia el movimiento de diversidad sexual, en tanto el apoyo que han logrado sus demandas, advierten de una centralidad que podría ocultar lógicas de poder que reactualizan las tramas coloniales. De esta forma identificar los aportes, problemáticas y desafíos que la noción de ciudadanía que movilizan representa a la radicalización del pluralismo, puede significar un apoyo a la reflexión política de los movimientos sociales. La ciudadanía es temática central de este trabajo. Es así como una primera parte la diagnostica con base en el debate universal propiciado por la corriente liberal, comunitarista, multicultural. Desde allí se allega a las claves locales de desplazamiento que dicha noción ha tenido en Latinoamérica. Reconocidas las problemáticas, causas y dilemas que le sostienen se aboca a realizar un pronóstico de la situación a través de los aportes que han significado los estudios de modernidad/colonialidad. Al finalizar analiza los llamados a la acción del movimiento de diversidad sexual con base en sus fragmentos LTGBI, la genealogía lesbofeminista antirracista decolonial y la radicalización del pluralismo que representan sus propuestas.
Ramboarison-Lalao, Lovanirina Lambert Gilles. "Genre et gestion des ressources humaines étude prospective de l'approche differenciée selon le genre /." Strasbourg : Université de Strasbourg, 2009. http://urs-srv-eprints.u-strasbg.fr/346/01/RAMBOARISON_Lalao_2008.pdf.
Full textMoussallem, Walid. "Les problèmes du pouvoir politique dans le Liban pluriconfessionnel de 1943 à nos jours." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040051.
Full textHow was political power utilized in Lebanon from 1943 through the outbreak of the civil war in 1975? What were the causes of both political and social disintegration? Our comprehensive study of Lebanese political power focuses on an analysis of the social structures and of those cultural and ideological conflicts, which literally tore the country apart. We have attempted to explain those distortions, which affected not only the nature of political power in the country, but also its ability to fulfil its very function. These are phenomenons which also brought on a general sense of pandemonium, thereby hampering activity in both the public and private sectors, the "friend-enemy" dialectic, as well as the quality of internal and relations. Based on our political and philosophical approach to the question, we have come up with a new concept of political power in Lebanon, which centres on a reconciliation between the norms of the modern state and the needs demands of the various community groups in Lebanon
Camara, Eric. "Le droit de la famille en France et au Mali." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020079.
Full textDonoso, Espejo María Paz. "Videomúsica oriental en Chile: un metarrelato de contradicciones, Japón y Corea al límite." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/132763.
Full textTras el reciente boom del K-Pop en Chile y Latinoamérica, el presente trabajo nace con el objetivo de indagar en las razones del por qué un significativo número de jóvenes se identifica con la videomúsica coreana y japonesa en Chile, especialmente en la ciudad de Santiago. Consideramos también a Japón porque es la base para la ramificación de todos los gustos relacionados con las culturas populares asiáticas. Es por ello que tomando el concepto de videmúsica desarrollado por el profesor Rafael Del Villar, se describe la implicación corporal con este producto audiovisual a través de la combinación energética de la imagen, música y cuerpo, lo que va a devenir en la configuración de una cierta identidad en el sujeto espectador. Todo esto, tomando en cuenta el escenario general de nuestra relación formal con Asia Pacífico, el imperio que hoy conforman las redes sociales y la influencia de la animé en el nacimiento de una verdadera micro cultura de consumo e intercambio alternativo. Luego, se proceden a investigar los “mundillos” de la música japonesa y coreana con reporteo en los espacios clave, redes sociales, revisión de prensa, Internet y bibliografía para luego profundizar con los protagonistas del relato sus vivencias personales, razones de gusto y su papel en el desarrollo de ambas escenas. El segundo capítulo se propone, además de lo planteado anteriormente, una revisión “histórica” de los hitos que han marcado a la escena de la música nipona en Chile- como los primeros conciertos de japoneses- para después dar el pase a la explosión coreana. Aquí será relevante su contextualización a nivel mundial y su presencia en Chile con tiendas, eventos y grupos tributo, lo que ayudará a fortalecer una apuesta diplomática que ve a su música como una herramienta poderosa para posicionarse en el globo. Por supuesto que también se destacan las diferencias entre Japón y Corea en ese sentido. Finalmente, llegamos a las conclusiones. Lo fundamental es entender que dentro de un “mundillo” que se dice alternativo, el desarrollo de la globalización y las redes sociales potencia una oferta de identidades que a la larga, igual terminan recreando las disputas del mundo real. Una alternativa espiritual -que se valida por la propia búsqueda- y una convertida en producto, que aprovecha el poder de la red para imponer un ideal de perfección que sólo hace que el sujeto sea productivo al sistema. Todo esto, enfrentándose a visiones conservadoras que parecen no entender que hoy los discursos y posturas radicales ya no existen para validar identidades. Y que tampoco están localizadas en territorios fijos. Una nueva forma de enfrentar la vida que, al parecer, se conjuga con los cambios que exige el mañana. En definitiva, enjuiciamos la postura con la que generalemente se ha tratado este tema en los medios de comunicación y donde la triada cuerpo, imagen y música es primordial en esta nueva búsqueda identitaria.
N'Diaye, Marième. "La politique constitutive au Sud : refonder le droit de la famille au Sénégal et au Maroc." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40019/document.
Full textIn Muslim countries, Family Law is a highly sensitive matter, which generates recurrent controversy, mainly polarised around Islamic and feminist positions. This is, for instance, what can be observed in Senegal and Morocco. In both countries, the legislator tried to mediate this tension by strengthening Women’s Rights within a text that conciliates Islamic imperatives and injunction to modernity. But this solution is far from receiving unanimous support.Taking the Family Law debate as a starting point, this work combines public policy studies and political sociology of law to analyse how the State tries to regulate the intimate sphere in order to be viewed as the sole domination apparatus within a context of strong normative pluralism. The comparison between the Moroccan and the Senegalese States - a comparison based on ‘dramatic contrasts’- allows to focus the analysis on the differences between the Morocco and Senegalese states in terms of capacity and legitimacy, and thus helps us in better understanding the specificity of state-institutionalisation processes in developing countries.In both cases, the State tries to take advantage from the controversy. It plays on the different normative systems and involves all the actors who acknowledge it as the legitimate arbitrator in order to keep and consolidate its power of law framing. Furthermore, in order to overcome the difficulties linked to law enforcement, the State relies on non-state actors to apply the law. This evidences and confirms the fact that Family Law is the result of a process of co-production. Even if State jurisprudence does not constitute the only normative order, but one amongst others, it nevertheless importantly influences individual behaviour on both the cognitive and the experiential levels. It thus reinforces the State’s pretention to constitute the ultimate political authority
Ekdahl, Elin, and Sandra Jansdotter. "Mellan lag och rätt : en rättsvetenskaplig studie av kommunala riktlinjer avseende ekonomiskt bistånd i Stockholms län." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Social Work, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7418.
Full textThe purpose of this essay was to examine municipal guidelines regarding the administration of the social assistance, collected from 18 municipalities in the Stockholm-area to achieve a greater understanding on how they were constructed in respect to the legislation and how the language mediated their contents. The legal aspects of the social assistance was studied through a jurisprudential method in which the legislative history, texts of laws and case laws were examined. The empirical aspect of this essay was studied through a hermeneutical method and analyzed through theories of social constructionism and legal pluralism. The results from the jurisprudential study were also used to understand how the municipal guidelines were constructed in relation to the law. The results of this essay corresponded well with previous studies in this field where considerable divergences in the approval of social assistance have been established. The guidelines allow a local adjustment of the social work stated in the Social service act, on the basis of local priorities and conditions. Our findings showed that the guidelines related to the law in varying degrees, to some extent depending on the stringency of the language used in them. We found expressions that were sometimes vague, normative and restrictive regarding the approval of social assistance. The results were discussed in respect to rule of law and the legal content of the guidelines.
Kakouch, Sabira. "Assignations et catégorisations des Roms : une analyse sociolinguistique des pratiques langagières dans les campi nomadi (Italie)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF028.
Full textThis doctoral research, carried out in two campi nomadi (Rome, Italy) is underpinned by a sociolinguistic approach that aims to analyse the plurality and heterogeneity of language practices observed among Roma inhabitants. Grasping the complexity and diversity of these practices requires an undertanding of the social space where they take place. The campo, as an anthropological living place and fieldwork will therefore be understood taking into account the human relations that emerge and the places that the Other is assigned or those one grants oneself. The objective is to proceed by "fragmentation" (Lorcerie, 2009), focusing on representations and individual discourses to account for the heterogeneity of practices. This also involves a process of deconstruction and comprehension of the mechanisms of ethnicization and identity, and of social and linguistic assignment that contribute to the development of categorizations of Roma groups. This research therefore starts from a specific social space, from an Italian "specialismo" (Tosi, 2007) so as to provide an analysis of the fragmented sociolinguistic practices of its inhabitants and to expound the "plural experience of their speech" (Canut, 2007)
Ndiaye, Alboury. "Les représensations populaires de la maladie à l'épreuve du pluralisme thérapeutique au Sénégal : le cas du paludisme dans la société Wolof." Thesis, Besançon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BESA1021.
Full textThis thesis begins a reflection on popular representations of disease and therapeutic pluralism with regard to tradition, religion and sociological specificities Senegalese society. Its uniqueness lies in the fact to highlight the social and cultural work in the management of malaria illness in the community Wolof of Senegal. This research analyzes the disease as the developer of a social conflict and complex social relationships between individuals, families, therapists, ethnicity, dominated ideologies and ways of acting both opposite and complementary. This is the design that communities are the disease, lies the explanation of cultural fusion is the firmament of human society and which is seen here as a triadic complex due to the spirit, soul and body
Belondo, Sandra. "Diversité et pluralité linguistique d'enfants allophones en mobilité : réussir avec, malgré ou sans les langues ?" Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR2016/document.
Full textDiversity, linguistic and cultural pluralism of allophones children in migratory process: succeed with, despite or without languages? The purpose of this thesis is to study how the linguistic and cultural diversity of young allophone children and their families in migratory processes, is taken into consideration by the French society and, more particularly, the linguistic, social and academic systems established by the State and its institutions. Based on a comprehensive and interpretive approach, this study raises the question of how young migrants diversity is appreciated and handled, or not, questioning the use and/or the building of sociolinguistic representations concerning the roles and statuses of the languages in presence within migratory and integration processes such as social and academic achievement dynamics
Labayle, Simon. "Les valeurs de l'Union européenne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1046.
Full textThe European Union is, according to Article 2 TEU, "founded" on "values" precisely identified. The legal affirmation of this fundamental dimension is systematically claimed. It refers to a research of essentiality suggesting that the Union voluntarily gives a central place to its values, which confirms the analysis of the main stages of its history. This choice is expressed in various provisions of the founding treaties. These values carry a decisive influence on fundamental issues such as the definition of the objectivesof the Union (Article 3 TEU), the imposition of any sanctions against member states that threaten their integrity (Article 7 TEU), the orientation of the relationships it forges with its neighbours (Article 8 TEU), and the terms of the possible accession of a state outside the European Union (Article 49 TEU). Beyond the symbolic, legal and political scope of these themes, the values determine the specific identity of the European Union. Thus, it is appropriate to question the concrete translation of the founding dimension of the values in the integration project and, therefore, to test the strength of community beliefs. The aim of the research is to determine whether a Union based on values can withstand the rigour of scientific analysis as well as the pressure of events. In order to demonstrate the consubstantial nature and the irreversibility of the link shared by the European Union and its beliefs, it is crucial to highlight the structural and functional vocation of the values for the Union. Lastly, their existential scope is yet to be assessed as this will depend from the level of their protection, whether political, administrative or judicial
Māǧid, Ziyād. "The decline of consociationalism : the case of Lebanon." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0073.
Full textThe consociational democracy system in Lebanon is no longer capable of avoiding and managing crises for many reasons that are internal and external. Among these reasons are the changes in the elites (especially of the Maronites, Sunnis and Shiites) and their characteristics, the important demographic development and the modification of the confessional ratios, the transformation of the “veto right” into a hampering factor in every critical aspect of the political life, and the excess in the armed Hezbollah’s power. To these factors are added the external pressures and the weakness of national consenses towards the region’s axes and conflicts. Nevertheless, given its success in freezing the political system and its shares, given the institutionalization of vertical divisions on the basis of their exclusive representation of political groupings, and given the attachment of most forces to the power-sharing principle, consociationalism cannot be overcome easily. This by itself is a sign of both its strength and weakness: It does not function properly, but it cannot be overcome. In fact, all confessional political forces, consider it a guarantee to block any attempt by one ruling alliance at imposing choices and decisions. They also fear that any discussion over radical reforms might open the way to reconsidering the confessional quota system and its freezed formulas, which will create tensions and confrontations between the concerned groups. The absence of alternatives in the meantime does not eliminate the need for reforming political institutions, nor the necessity of discussing issues which could attenuate acute crises and enhance the performance of the regime
Sánchez, Espinoza Ricardo Robinsón. "Reconocimiento constitucional del Estado Plurinacional para la tutela efectiva de derechos de los pueblos indígenas en el Perú." Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/7597.
Full textDetermina las contribuciones que otorgaría el reconocimiento constitucional del Estado Plurinacional para la tutela efectiva de derechos de los pueblos indígenas en el Perú. Después del análisis teórico, doctrinario y normativo, los resultados obtenidos permiten afirmar que el reconocimiento constitucional en nuestro país del Estado Plurinacional permitiría proteger los derechos de los pueblos indígenas como son: la efectiva consulta previa, la vigencia del pluralismo jurídico, el respeto de las tierras y propiedades de los pueblos indígenas, el usufructo por las exploraciones y explotaciones en su espacio territorial; la inclusión de los pueblos indígenas en la políticas sociales, el cumplimiento irrestricto de su derecho a la educación y salud. Utiliza las técnicas del análisis documental y la bibliográfica y como instrumentos el análisis de contenido y las fichas textual, de comentario, de resumen, así como las fichas críticas.
Tesis
Asp, Anna. ""Livsföring i övrigt" : En rättsvetenskaplig studie av kommunala riktlinjer för ekonomiskt bistånd." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete - Socialhögskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-40704.
Full textTalledo, Aviles Maria Isabel. "Zaña, enclave noire de la côte nord du Pérou." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030021.
Full textZaña is standing in the northern coast in Peru. Zana is a Colonial city created in November 1563 by Captain Baltazar Rodriguez. The sailor was sent by Peruvian Vice-King Diego López de Zuñiga conde de Nieva. As soon as 16th century, Spanish colons in charge of the exploitation of mines and fields brought slaves to work as labour. Most of the slaves came from Africa. They had been kidnapped and taken away from their lands, their families and their traditions to be enslaved. From 19th century, immigration from the Far East replaced the African labour. Although oppressed and suffering from diseases, many African slaves managed to settle in Peru. Yet, with interracial marriages, Peruvians from African descendants are less numerous. Does this portrayal really reflect Zaña’s situation ? Can we consider that Zaña is still a black territory-enclave ? Our answer to these questions came from a field work in Peru. This research deals with ethnic diversity and the preservation of the African culture in Zaña. First, we focused on the evolution of the city from its foundation to the present days. Then, we drew a portrayal of Peruvian from African descendance in Zaña
Lang, Mary Lee M. "Immigration as treated in early history textbooks 1789-1939 : prelude to multiculturalism /." Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-172051/.
Full textLanda, Arroyo César. "The comparative constitutional law on national constitutional system: with regard to the IX World Congress of Constitutional Law." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116290.
Full textA partir del proceso de globalización del derecho, el derecho constitucional comparado ha ido adquiriendo un rol protagónico para una mejor comprensión y solución de los viejos y nuevos desafíos constitucionales, tanto nacionales como internacionales. Por ello, se presentan algunos presupuestos y consideraciones temáticas a tomar en cuenta para el desarrollo del ordenamiento constitucional nacional en el marco del derecho constitucional comparado, tales como la universalidad y el relativismo de los derechos humanos; el concepto de poder y democracia constitucional; los estándares de elecciones libres e independencia judicial; la libertad de expresión, la pluralidad informativa y el acceso a la información pública; los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales, y; los nuevos derechos fundamentales.
Giroux, Marie-Hélène. "Protection des minorités et pluralisme national en Europe : l’influence décisive des institutions européennes sur les régimes de protection des minorités en France et en Hongrie." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8894.
Full textThe European Union provokes major transformations of the national state. It influences its political structure, its conception of democracy and of Law and it affects the majority-minority relations. It diverts the state from the traditional Nation-State model, ethnically and culturally homogenous, and makes it lean towards a pluralistic multinational state model. These changes are the results of the European integration process and its politics of regionalization and decentralisation. Subjected to both the supranational integration and the infranational disintegration, the Nation-State transforms itself. So does its relation to its minorities. By imposing the recognizance of a right to be different (droit à la difference), which is rooted in the individual protection of human rights, the European Union commands arrangements of the diversity. It allows the recognizance of identity and polyethnic rights to members of a minority and offers protection against discrimination and intolerance. Europe provides an alternative to the traditional Nation-State. From political, the nation becomes socio-cultural. By promoting decentralization and regionalization, in application of the principle of subsidiarity, the European Union favours the recognizance of a right to difference (droit de la difference) which permits the institutionalization of minorities and the creation of permanent mechanisms, where the minorities can participate to the public life and contribute to the elaboration of the norms that will apply to them. Legal pluralism engendered by the European Union is however very strongly institutionalized. The national state still holds the monopole of the production of law although it allows institutional arrangements within the public sphere and the instauration of a dialogue between the various communities that compose the state. Such a situation is not conceivable under the traditional theory of the Nation-State and its monist and monological conception of the Law. Slowly, under the pressure of the European Union, the national state tends towards the multinational model of political organization. The question of minorities raises a fundamental problem: the political organization of minorities. The will to respect all collective identities, to provide a political status to all minorities and to satisfy all their claims is endless. The Nation-State is surely not the best nor the only model of political organization for a state. But, is the multinational state a viable alternative? Key words: minorities, right to be different, right to difference, legal pluralism, multinational state, Nation-State, European Union, liberalism, communitarism
Baranyaiová, Gabriela. "Stranický systém Katalánska." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-398302.
Full textHuard, Alexandre. "Les intellectuels et le caractère antipolitique de la culture en RDA." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2811.
Full textThe focus of this study is based on the antipolitical conception of culture in Germany presented by the German sociologist Wolf Lepenies. The appeal to culture beyond politics would have well survived amongst “official” East-German intellectuals, hence the survival of a humanist tradition anchored in the German idealism of the 18th century. This study argues by means of hypotheses that the supremacy of culture over politics in the GDR is not as omnipresent as Lepenies believes it is, on the one hand, and that there is on the other hand an instrumentalization of culture by the party in power (SED), which gave way to an ideologization of the humanist heritage of the German classics and to a moralisation of politics. By considering “inofficial” East- German intellectuals left aside by Lepenies and starting from the confrontation of the ideal-types of political humanism of the Enlightenment, represented by opposition groups which worked along with the protestant Churches, and real humanism, understood as an extension of the materialist ideology stemming from Marxism, which inspired SED politics and which corresponded with a ritualization of labour in the GDR, this study explores the antithesis between democracy and totalitarianism under the light of two types of Aufklärung : the Aufklärung of citizen and the Aufklärung of man.
Gottin, Thomas. "Pluralisme médical et cancer à Montréal : espaces, pratiques, discours." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21120.
Full text