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1
Cook, Julia, Steven Threadgold, David Farrugia, and Julia Coffey. "Youth, Precarious Work and the Pandemic." YOUNG 29, no. 4 (June 3, 2021): 331–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11033088211018964.
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While Australia has experienced low COVID-19 case numbers relative to other countries, it has witnessed severe economic consequences in the wake of the pandemic. The hospitality industry, in which young adults are overrepresented, has been among the most affected industries. In this article, we present findings from an interview and a digital methods-based study of young hospitality workers in the Australian cities of Melbourne and Newcastle who lost shifts or employment due to the pandemic. We argue that the participants’ ability to cope with the loss of work was mediated by the degree of family support that they could access, with some experiencing the pandemic as an inconvenience, while others suffered extreme financial hardship. Findings from this study show that the most severe impacts of the pandemic play out along pre-existing lines of inequality and marginality, causing the most severe consequences for those who were already most vulnerable to them.
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Watson, Juliet, and Hernán Cuervo. "Youth homelessness: A social justice approach." Journal of Sociology 53, no. 2 (April 21, 2017): 461–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783317705204.
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Social justice approaches that work towards eliminating youth homelessness with a sole focus on material needs overlook the significance of non-material aspects, such as the impact of social exclusion and stigma on individuals’ subjectivities. The lack of social legitimacy associated with homelessness is exacerbated under neoliberal conditions, with the shift from social to individual responsibility positioning those unable to achieve the normative transition to adulthood as social failures. We draw on interviews with young homeless women in Australia to extend the emerging sociological focus on the relational aspects of homelessness through a social justice lens. We analyse the association between subjectivity, stigma and neoliberalism, and draw on Iris Marion Young’s theory of justice to highlight how these shape experiences of homelessness. We conclude that overcoming homelessness requires policies and practices that give a greater focus to non-material aspects of homelessness through an emphasis on empowerment, self-respect and autonomy.
3
Mitchell, Tony. "Doppio: a Trilingual Touring Theatre for Australia." New Theatre Quarterly 8, no. 29 (February 1992): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x00006333.
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Doppio is a theatre company which uses three languages – English, Italian, and a synthetic migrant dialect it calls ‘Emigrante’ – to explore the conditions of the large community of Italian migrants in Australia. It works, too, in three different kinds of theatrical territory, all with an increasingly feminist slant – those of multicultural theatrein-education; of community theatre based in the Italian clubs of South Australia; and of documentary theatre, exploring the roots and the past of a previously marginalized social group. The company's work was seen in 1990 at the Leeds Festival of Youth Theatre, but its appeal is fast increasing beyond the confines of specialisms, ethnic or theatric, and being recognized in the ‘mainstream’ of Australian theatrical activity. Tony Mitchell – a regular contributor to NTQ, notably on the work of Dario Fo – who presently teaches in the Department of Theatre Studies in the University of Technology in Sydney, here provides an analytical introduction to the company's work, and follows this with an interview with one of its directors and co-founders, Teresa Crea.
4
Chernysh, A. R. "Social integration of youth as a form of social protection of youth." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 4 (November 27, 2022): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2022.04.31.
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The article examines the concept of integration to achieve the process of inclusion of youth in the development of civil society, taking into account the socio-cultural context, taking into account the historical patterns of the country's development. Current legislation in the field of social protection of youth, in the field of employment, provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine regarding the legal regulation of the process of labor integration of youth are analyzed. The works of theorists of labor law and social security law O.M. Yaroshenka, Yu.M. Shchotova, P.M. Rossokhatskgo, T.A. Kolyady were studied. etc. on the subject of the problems of youth implementation of the right to work, as a guarantee of the development of spiritual, creative potential and economic independence. The article draws attention to the problems and obstacles faced by young people in the process of realizing their labor rights. Emphasis is placed on the importance of professional training that a young person can undergo to increase their competitiveness in the labor market. Just as professional training is the process of acquiring or improving professional knowledge, abilities and skills by a person in accordance with his vocation and abilities, which ensures the appropriate level of professional qualification for professional activity and competitiveness in the labor market. The experience of such highly developed countries as Great Britain, Germany, Japan, France, and the USA was studied. Measures taken by countries to limit youth unemployment are noteworthy. The example of Bulgaria is given, where the practice of developing age-differentiated employment programs for young people is widespread; Germany, where there is professional selection and career guidance at an early age; the combination of professional training and production activities at the expense of specially created government funds by local authorities takes place in Denmark; encouraging employers to employ young people aged 16 to 26 in the form of reduced amounts of social contributions for them as a kind of tax benefits is actively used in France and Spain; the active practice of involving young people in six-month internships with at least the minimum wage has a positive effect on the further employment of young people in Australia. Proposals are given for the introduction of advanced foreign experience.
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Walsh, Tamara, and Robin Fitzgerald. "Youth Justice, Community Safety and Children’s Rights in Australia." International Journal of Children’s Rights 30, no. 3 (August 22, 2022): 617–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-30030009.
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Abstract Australian children have few legal rights and in the context of youth justice, community safety tends to be prioritised over the best interests and wellbeing of children. “Tough on crime” approaches to youth justice law and policy have been influenced by penal populism, whilst the voices of practitioners who work with young people who commit offences remain largely ignored. We interviewed 92 practitioners who work in criminal law settings in a low socioeconomic area in Queensland, Australia, to ascertain their views on the effectiveness of criminal law interventions in their community. Practitioners recognised the need to ensure the safety of the community when dealing with the offending behaviour of children, but they felt that current criminal law responses do not achieve this goal. Instead, they were in favour of interventions that prioritised children’s wellbeing so that the causes of their offending behaviour were addressed. Whilst they did not use rights-based language, their suggestions for reform were consistent with the protection of children’s fundamental rights as recognised by international law.
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Denny-Smith, George, Riza Yosia Sunindijo, Martin Loosemore, Megan Williams, and Leanne Piggott. "How Construction Employment Can Create Social Value and Assist Recovery from COVID-19." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 19, 2021): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020988.
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COVID-19 has created or amplified economic and social crises internationally. Australia entered its first recession in 30 years and saw a significant rise in unemployment. In response, Australian governments have increased their commitments to infrastructure construction to stimulate the national economy and combined this with new social procurement policies that aim to create social value for targeted populations like Indigenous peoples and unemployed youth. However, emerging social procurement research in construction shows a disconnect between policymakers and the practitioners who must implement them. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide theoretical and practical insights on creating social value in the context of construction employment created by new social procurement policies. Reporting a survey of 107 construction workers in Australia, it is shown that social procurement policies and construction employers can create social value when they provide work benefits like adequate pay and training and development and cultural benefits like inclusive workplaces. Recommendations are made to demonstrate how the results presented in this article can be used by contractors to create social value. This research is significant for advising how increased infrastructure spending commitments in Australia can create social and economic outcomes for workers, ensuring a sustainable recovery from COVID-19 crises.
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Drummond, Murray, Claire Drummond, Jim Dollman, and Liz Abery. "Physical activity from early childhood to adolescence: a literature review of issues and interventions in disadvantaged populations." Journal of Student Wellbeing 4, no. 2 (January 31, 2011): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21913/jsw.v4i2.722.
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Background: This paper is based on a report commissioned by the South Australian Health Department to undertake a literature review identifying key physical activity interventions in ‘different’ populations. This paper presents the findings from the literature surrounding youth from early childhood through to adolescence only.
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search using the following online academic databases: Proquest, Informit, Blackwell Synergy, Sage Publications, CINAHL and Cochrane. The search targeted peerreviewed articles, systematic reviews and evaluations. Each search used the term ‘physical activity and’, using the Boolean ‘or’ exercise. Using the Boolean ‘and’ combinations of the following words were added: low socioeconomic position ‘or’ low socioeconomic status, culture, intervention, health promotion, evaluation, strategies, South Australia, Australia. We also reviewed Australian government websites.
Results: There are myriad reasons for the success or failure of physical activity interventions for youth ranging from parental influences, gender and age, culture, socioeconomic status, and social and physical environments.
Conclusions: Multi-faceted approaches to interventions are required to achieve optimal outcomes for youth from early childhood through to adolescence. School provides an ideal site to engage students in physical activity. However ‘curriculum-only’ strategies do not work. Engaging parents
in the interventions will heighten the probability of success.
8
Robinson, Richard. "Gaining and sustaining ‘hospitable’ employment for disability youth." Hospitality Insights 2, no. 2 (October 24, 2018): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/hi.v2i2.40.
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As the hospitality industry globally suffers persistent skills shortages, organisations are increasingly looking to non-traditional labour markets to fill vacancies. Indeed, hospitality has a long tradition of employing from society’s margins [1]. Research has shown hospitality firms are more likely than other industries to hire people experiencing disability [2]. Therefore, hospitality has the need, the tradition and the capacity to implement and support lasting change in the employment of disability youth.
The Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS), which is overhauling the sector and transforming the way persons experiencing disability access services, is modelled on research demonstrating the broader economic benefits of greater inclusive workforce participation [3]. The scheme is also consistent with the fact that employment is the key to exits from disadvantage for most people of working age [4]. Yet Australia ranks 21st out of 29 OECD nations in disability employment rates [5]. These poor rates of providing inclusive employment are often levelled at firms’ unwillingness to hire applicants with a disability [6].
In late 2016, a disability services provider (DSP) and a registered charity partnered in a mobile coffee cart social enterprise to create open employment pathways for a group of disability youth previously employed in the ‘sheltered workshop’ model. A 360-degree ethnography combining interview and observational methods [7] was designed to investigate the holistic experiences of the youth and to gain insights into the levers and barriers regarding open employment. The agency/structure dualism framed the study, as it is recognised that agency is in itself not sufficient when its expression is constrained by an individual’s social deficits and the legacies of their entrenched disadvantage [8]. In all, five ‘baristas’ experiencing disability (across 10 interviews), 11 co-workers/managers from the DSP and the charity, and 21 customers comprised the sample.
Previous research has identified industry’s reticence to employ people with disability as a key barrier, despite ability and willingness to work [5]. This study, however, identified a complex range of structural factors inhibiting the agency of disability youth to self-determine towards open employment. These included a history of poor experiences in institutional settings (e.g. schooling and sporting), the safety and security of sheltered workshops, parental oversight and the staffing requirements of DSP social enterprises. Surprising individual-level factors were also manifest, including the inability to responsibly manage new- found workplace independence and an absence of extrinsic motivators to work – given that the disability youth enjoyed financial security regardless of earnings.
This research challenges the conventional wisdom that organisations alone need to revisit their willingness, capacity and preparedness for providing accessible employment, and rather suggests that deep-seated structural factors, and their impacts on youth, require concomitant attention.
Corresponding author
Richard Robinson can be contacted at: richard.robinson@uq.edu.au
References
(1) Baum, T. Human Resources in Tourism: Still Waiting for Change? A 2015 Reprise. Tourism Management 2015, 50, 204–212.
(2) Houtenville, A.; Kalargyrou, V. Employers’ Perspectives about Employing People with Disabilities. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly 2014, 56(2), 168–179.
(3) Deloitte Access Economics. The Economic Benefits of Increasing Employment for People with Disability; Australian Network on Disability: Sydney, Australia, 2011.
(4) McLachlan, R.; Gilfillan, G.; Gordon, J. Deep and Persistent Disadvantage in Australia; Productivity Commission Staff Working Paper: Canberra, Australia, 2013.
(5) Darcy, S.A.; Taylor, T.; Green, J. 'But I Can Do the Job': Examining Disability Employment Practice through Human Rights Complaint Cases. Disability and Society 2016, 31(9), 1242–1274.
(6) Lysaght, R.; Cobigo, V.; Hamilton, K. Inclusion as a Focus of Employment-Related Research in Intellectual Disability from 2000 to 2010: A Scoping Review. Disability and Rehabilitation 2012, 34(16), 1339–1350.
(7) Sandiford, P. Participant Observation as Ethnography or Ethnography as Participant Observation in Organizational Research. In The Palgrave Handbook of Research Design in Business and Management; Strand K. (Ed.); Palgrave Macmillan: London, 2015; pp 411–446.
(8) Graham, J.; Shier, M.; Eisenstat, M. Young Adult Social Networks and Labour Market Attachment. Journal of Social Policy 2015, 44(4), 769–786.
9
Zinn, Jens O. "Introduction: Risk, Social Inclusion and the Life Course." Social Policy and Society 12, no. 2 (February 21, 2013): 253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746412000681.
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In social policy debates and research over recent years, ‘risk’, ‘social inclusion’ and ‘the life course’ have become influential topics. In this themed section we will revisit these concepts and analyse how they have influenced policy debates and research in Australia and elsewhere. The contributions were developed as part of a research collaboration that brings together expertise from social policy, gender studies, risk sociology, social work, youth studies and research on ageing and old age. This introduction outlines the concepts and dimensions we found helpful for analysing social policy practice and research and the key arguments of the contributions.
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Aubrey, Meg. "CLICK: Arts education and critical social dialogue within global youth work practice." International Journal of Development Education and Global Learning 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18546/ijdegl.07.1.05.
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This article discusses CLICK, a collaborative theatre project between the Mess Up The Mess Theatre Company in Wales, the Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts, the Australian Theatre for Young People, and Inspired Productions in New Zealand. This case study demonstrates the value of using arts education to bring together young people from multiple countries across the world through the use of social media and theatre for development work, and to explore issues of diversity and identity through Education for Sustainable Development and Global Citizenship (ESDGC). This article will explore the use of social media within arts education and global youth work practice to promote critical social dialogue around sensitive issues as a catalyst for positive social change.
11
Campbell, Lynda. "Children Australia …: Keeping us focused and connected." Children Australia 30, no. 2 (2005): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200010634.
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Children Australia is a friendly journal. It is accessible, readable, contemporary, and straight forward. It has always been intended as a forum for practitioners and external commentators alike. The editorial policy has been relatively relaxed, with assistance provided to ensure a good spread of contributors. A quick scan of papers published over the last four years shows a predominance of papers from academics, primarily within schools of social work. These are enriched by contributions from writers from community development, youth services, child development, psychology, policy studies and history, often giving an extra critical slant or a sharp specialist focus that might otherwise be conspicuously missing. Personally, I really appreciate this interdisciplinary conversation and hope it will be preserved and developed.
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Sullivan, Corrinne. "‘Hot, Young, Buff’: An Indigenous Australian Gay Male View of Sex Work." Social Inclusion 9, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v9i2.3459.
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Research has historically constructed youths who are involved in sex work as victims of trafficking, exploitation, poverty, and substance abuse. These perceptions often cast the sex worker as deviant and in need of ‘care’ and ‘protection.’ Rarely seen are accounts that provide different perspectives and positioning of youth engaged in sex work. This article explores the lived experiences of Jack, a young gay cis-male who identifies as Indigenous Australian. Despite being a highly successful sex worker, his involvement in such a stigmatised occupation means that he must navigate the social and cultural perceptions of ‘deviant’ and ‘dirty’ work. This qualitative study explores the ways in which Jack negotiates his work, his communities, and the capitalisation of his sexuality. Drawing on Indigenous Standpoint Theory and wellbeing theory, Jack’s choice of sex work is explored through the intersections of sexuality and culture, with the consequences of Jack’s social and emotional wellbeing emerging as his narrative unfolds.
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Karimshah, Ameera, Melinda Chiment, and Zlatko Skrbis. "The Mosque and Social Networks: The Case of Muslim Youth in Brisbane." Social Inclusion 2, no. 2 (August 20, 2014): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v2i2.165.
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Much of the existing public discourse surrounding Muslim youth in Western societies is framed through a simplistic and static understanding of the role of the Mosque in their everyday life. Mosques are often seen as places for the development of Muslim conservatism where membership is gender and ethno-specific and activities are socially restrictive (Spalek & Imtoual, 2007, p. 195; Spalek & Lambert, 2008; Poynting & Mason, 2008, p. 237). This contributes to an ongoing public preoccupation with the idea that it is necessary to integrate Muslim youth into “mainstream society” as a counter measure to anti-social behaviour and attributed outcomes (i.e. terrorism). This paper, building on the work of Dialmy (2007, p. 70) and Jamal (2005, p. 523), offers an account of how young Muslims network and socialise around the Mosque in Brisbane, Australia. We show that contrary to popular public conception, the role of the Mosque in the lives of Muslim youth is multifaceted and serves as the centrepiece from which the majority of socialisation, across variety formal and informal networks, occurs. This paper also explores the reasons underpinning Muslim youth’s social participation, emphasizing the socio-cultural factors (both within and beyond the place of worship) that facilitate and hinder participation across a range of social settings. We argue that discussions on Muslim youth and social engagement must be positioned within an informed understanding of the nuanced role of the Mosque in the generation of social networks within Western contexts.
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Janca, A., and Z. Lyons. "Assessing mental health in Aboriginal youth." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.375.
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Introduction The assessment of social and emotional wellbeing (SEWB) among Aboriginal people in Australia and elsewhere is complex and challenging task. A culturally appropriate tool for screening SEWB among Aboriginal adults known as the Here and Now Aboriginal Assessment (HANAA) has been developed and evaluated. The HANAA is based on exploring key domains of Aboriginal concept of SEWB and is based on a yarning process aimed to initiate a semi-structured interview that covers each domain. Over the last ten years the HANAA has been widely used by Aboriginal mental health service providers around Australia and elsewhere. Objectives There have been multiple requests by service providers for a similar tool to be developed for young Aboriginal people. The aim of this study was to develop a youth version of the HANAA. Methods A Working Group was established to guide the development of the youth HANAA. This work included discussion of assessment domains, prompt words and other adolescent specific considerations that were needed. The evlauation process was also discussed. Results The adult version of HANAA was well accepted by participants. Reliability was good with kappa agreements between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal interviewers ranging from 0.5 to 1.0. Agreement between interviewers and treating clinicians on ecommended course of action was good. Conclusions Based on the previous field test results, it is expected that the youth HANAA will also be a culturally appropriate and useful tool which can be used by a range of service providers with differing levels of mental health training to assess SEWB among young Aboriginal people. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Afsharian, Ali, Maureen Dollard, Emily Miller, Teresa Puvimanasinghe, Adrian Esterman, Helena De Anstiss, and Tahereh Ziaian. "Refugees at Work: The Preventative Role of Psychosocial Safety Climate against Workplace Harassment, Discrimination and Psychological Distress." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 20 (October 12, 2021): 10696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010696.
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It is widely recognised that employment is vital in assisting young refugees’ integration into a new society. Drawing on psychosocial safety climate (PSC) theory, this research investigated the effect of organisational climate on young refugee workers’ mental health (psychological distress) through stressful social relational aspects of work (e.g., harassment, discrimination). Drawing on data from 635 young refugees aged between 15 and 26 in South Australia, 116 refugees with paid work were compared with 519 refugee students without work, and a sample of young workers from Australian Workplace Barometer (AWB) data (n = 290). The results indicated that refugees with paid work had significantly lower psychological distress compared with refugees with no paid work, but more distress than other young Australian workers. With respect to workplace harassment and abuse, young refugee workers reported significantly more harassment due to their ongoing interaction and engagement with mainstream Australian workers compared with unemployed refugees. Harassment played a vital role in affecting psychological health in refugees (particularly) and other young workers. While refugee youth experienced harassment at work, overall, their experiences suggest that their younger age upon arrival enabled them to seek and find positive employment outcomes. Although PSC did not differ significantly between the employed groups, we found that it likely negatively influenced psychological distress through the mediating effects of harassment and abuse. Hence, fostering pathways to successful employment and creating safe work based on high PSC and less harassment are strongly recommended to improve refugees’ mental health and adaptation.
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Clifford, Sarah, James A. Smith, and Benjamin Christie. "“You See the Very Sharp Edge of the Problems of Prejudice in Town”: Youth Service Providers’ Perceptions of a Regional Community Facebook Group." Social Media + Society 6, no. 1 (January 2020): 205630512090470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305120904708.
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The prolific growth of social media in recent years has provided new forums which allow engagement in local town discussions; particularly via community Facebook groups. This study seeks to understand the role of community Facebook groups in a regional town in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia; particularly how they are used to portray youth, and their relevance to a grassroots youth justice reinvestment process. This research arose due to direct concern from a community working group. Seventeen semi-structured interviews, with 18 participants, were conducted with service providers in Katherine, NT. The data was then inductively thematically analyzed, resulting in six themes: staying informed in a regional context; vilifying youth and combating this; racism; impact on youth; tensions in positioning youth: right versus left; and adopting a strengths-based approach to youth. Community Facebook groups were noted as an important factor for staying informed in a remote context. As a key medium within the town, Facebook groups should be considered a source of community discussion and an appropriate avenue to influence community opinion. The racialization of community discussions about “problem youth” indicates a segregation issue in the town, which has been noted for many years. Community education and the promotion of the youth justice work currently being implemented in the town were considered key in changing mindsets and ultimately behaviors. Importantly, research and community development programs alike should consider the community Facebook group as a medium for positive social action.
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Cowling, M. G., D. C. Hunt, and J. D. Steele. "George Szekeres 1911–2005." Historical Records of Australian Science 30, no. 1 (2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr18012.
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George Szekeres was a distinguished Hungarian-Australian mathematician, who worked in many different areas of mathematics, and with many collaborators. He was born in Budapest in 1911. His youth between the two World Wars was spent in Hungary, a country that, as a result of historical events, went through a golden age and produced a great number of exceptional intellects; his early mathematical explorations were in the company of several of these. However, for family reasons, he trained as a chemist rather than a mathematician. From 1938 to 1948, he lived in Shanghai, China, another remarkable city, where he experienced the horrors of persecution and war but nevertheless managed to prove some notable mathematical results. In 1948, he moved to Australia, as a lecturer, then senior lecturer, and finally reader, at the University of Adelaide, and then in 1964 he took up the Foundation Chair of Pure Mathematics at the University of New South Wales; in Australia he was able to bring his mathematical talents to fruition. After many years in Sydney, he returned to Adelaide, where he died in 2005. We discuss his early life in Hungary, his sojourn in Shanghai, and his mature period in Australia. We also discuss some aspects of his mathematical work, which is extraordinarily broad.
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Watanabe, Kayoko. "Basic theory and policy validation of youth mentoring program." Impact 2022, no. 5 (October 13, 2022): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2022.5.23.
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Many mentorship programmes pair more experienced elders with trainees, enabling experienced practitioners to pass knowledge down to younger generations. Professor Kayoko Watanabe, Aichi-Shukutoku University, Japan, believes in the importance of mentoring programmes and has been investigating mentoring programmes. The idea of mentoring programmes has yet to gain traction in Japan and Watanabe helped implement and continues to play a role in improving the Hiroshima City Youth Support Mentor System, which was launched in 2004 by the Board of Education in Hiroshima City and connects school-aged children with volunteers who act as mentors. Watanabe believes the theory and practice of mentoring programmes are interconnected, working together in a feedback loop to improve mentoring programmes. She has been studying the current status and core issues surrounding the mentoring movement in the US, UK, Germany, Canada, Australia and New Zealand and uses a number of theories in her work, including lifelong development, social capital and social investment. Watanabe has evaluated the mentoring programmes, considering the viewpoints of mentors, mentees and parents of mentees and found a clear recognition of the benefits of the programme for all stakeholders.
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Gurko, T. A., M. S. Mamikonian, and E. K. Biyzhanova. "THE STUDIES OF GENDER IDEOLOGY OF THE YOUTH: THE REVIEW OF FOREIGN PUBLICATIONS." Sociology of Medicine 17, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1728-2810-2018-17-2-104-113.
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The article presents the results of foreign studies of gender ideology of students for a number of valuable social demographic variables. In the first part of publication the studies describing dynamics of gender ideology in various countries are analyzed. In the process of modernization of the Eastern Asia (China, Taiwan, South Korea, Japan), India and Indonesia female population is involved in work outside of home, a trend of egalitarianisation of gender relationship and spreading of families with two breadwinners. During transition from socialist to liberal states in the countries of the Eastern Europe the impact of religious conservative family’s values on the youth is less significant than that of Western ideas of individualization and permissiveness. In the developed countries (USA, Europe, Australia, Canada) gender revolution resulted in diversity of gender ideologies. At least in the European countries five models are fixed empirically: egalitarian, egalitarian essentialism, intensive parenthood, moderate conservative ideology. The second part of article presents the analysis of studies of attitudes of students in areas of gender and marriage and family relationships carried out in various countries that established that gender and religious identity are the major differentiating variables. The other characteristics such as urban rural origin, structure of parents' family, coeducation and separate education are less significant. The attitudes of the youth concerning social roles of males and females and future marriage are changing effected by peers, mass culture and personal experience. The conclusion is derived that in spite of more conservative attitudes of male youths factually in all countries, a slow convergence of views of male and female youths among well-educated strata. The denominational membership remains the main differential factor
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Heris, Christina L., Catherine Chamberlain, Lina Gubhaju, David P. Thomas, and Sandra J. Eades. "Factors Influencing Smoking Among Indigenous Adolescents Aged 10–24 Years Living in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United States: A Systematic Review." Nicotine & Tobacco Research 22, no. 11 (November 27, 2019): 1946–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz219.
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Abstract Introduction Smoking rates are higher among Indigenous populations in most high-income countries with initiation primarily occurring in adolescence for all population groups. This review aims to identify protective and risk factors for smoking behavior among Indigenous adolescents and young adults. Aims and Methods We searched Medline, Embase, and Psychinfo for all original research published between January 2006 and December 2016 that reported influences on smoking for Indigenous adolescents or young adults aged 10–24 living in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United States (US). Extracted data were coded to individual, social, and environmental level categories using a modified Theory of Triadic Influence framework. Results A total of 55 studies were included, 41 were descriptive quantitative and 14 qualitative, and 26 included Indigenous participants only. The majority were from the US (32). Frequently reported influences were at the individual and social levels such as increasing age; attitudes and knowledge; substance use; peer and family relationships; smoking norms; mental health; physical activity. At the environmental level, smoke-free spaces; second-hand smoke exposure; high community level prevalence; and social marketing campaigns were also frequently reported. Some studies referenced price, access, and traditional tobacco use. Few reported historical and cultural factors. Conclusions Young Indigenous people experience similar influences to other populations such as smoking among family and friends. Greater youth smoking is related to broader community level prevalence, but few studies explore the distal or historical contributing factors such as traditional tobacco use, colonization, experiences of intergenerational trauma and discrimination, or the role of cultural connection. Implications This review identified a range of factors that influence Indigenous youth smoking and contributes to an understanding of what prevention measures may be effective. Youth tobacco use occurs alongside other substance use and may also serve as an indicator of mental health. Comprehensive community-based programs that work more broadly to address the risk factors related to tobacco, including improving youth mental health, will be important for other behaviors as well. This research highlights the importance of social influence and need for ongoing denormalization of smoking. Future Indigenous led and community owned research is needed to identify likely protective cultural factors.
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Cuervo, Hernán, and Johanna Wyn. "A Longitudinal Analysis of Belonging." YOUNG 25, no. 3 (February 1, 2017): 219–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308816669463.
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This article looks at how young people construct belonging over time in rural places in Australia. It draws on the intersecting ideas of theorists and youth researchers whose work supports the view that in order to understand young people’s lives, we need to seek a thicker, richer conception of the interplay among identity, place, mobility and performativity. We illustrate our argument using data from a two-decade longitudinal study of young Australians to provide a more nuanced understanding of place and belonging in rural settings. A longitudinal gaze over the lives of members of this generation alerts us to the manifold transitions and forms of making a life that are patiently constructed over time and through non-spectacular routine practices. The article contributes to a more robust spatialized sociology of youth by rendering visible the complex and intersecting registers of subjective and structural elements in young lives over time.
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Cary, Lisa, Marc Pruyn, and Jon Austin. "Australian citizenship in interesting times." Qualitative Research Journal 15, no. 2 (May 5, 2015): 228–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-01-2015-0014.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand, more deeply, what the field of citizenship education stands for, in both theory and practice, historically and currently, and especially, in relation to the new Australian Curriculum: Civics and Citizenship. The authors have drawn on the backgrounds in social studies/social education, multicultural education, democracy education and Indigenous studies, in order to more deeply and profoundly understand “civics and citizenship education” and what it represents today in Australia. Design/methodology/approach – Methodologically, the authors see epistemological spaces as discursive productions from post-structural/post-modern and critical perspectives. These positions draw upon the notion of discourse as an absent power that can validate/legitimize vs negate/de-legitimize. The authors employ a meta-level analysis that historicizes the spaces made possible/impossible for those in deviant subject positions through a critique of the current literature juxtaposed with a presentation and analysis of “citizenship snapshots” of the authors. In this way, the authors attempt to move beyond conceptions of deviant citizenship based on curricular content and instructional method, and explore the realms of epistemology through the study of exclusion/inclusion. Findings – Reflecting the highly personal and individualized nature of the type of research required to be conducted in this aspect of national and personal identity, each of the authors draws here on personal experiences with aspects of citizenship that are not noticeably present in the current national curriculum. Specifically, the three “citizenship snapshots” at the heart of this paper’s discussion and analysis – snapshots constructed by academics who both understand and resist the racialised/classed privilege bestowed upon them by nation states – are: “The boomerang citizen”, “privileged and non-privileged citizen immigrants”, and “Indigenous citizenship, sovereignty & colonialism”. Originality/value – Drawing both on the current international scholarship on citizenship, power and social changes and the critical/post-structuralist qualitative methodology set forth by the authors, this work describes and problematizes the evolving “citizenship identities” in an attempt to critically assess the new civics and citizenship component of the Australian curriculum; understand the ongoing development of national, regional and global “trans/international” citizenship youth identities; and make connections between citizenship education, identity development and the global youth “occupy”/liberation movements.
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Walsh, Lucas, Anne Keary, and Joanne Gleeson. "Non-linear Transitions: An Intergenerational Longitudinal Study of Today’s Young Women in Education and Work." YOUNG 27, no. 5 (March 4, 2019): 468–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308818817632.
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Labour markets are characterized by uncertainty and youth transitions by change. This longitudinal study of three generations of Australian women from nine families suggests something more nuanced, featuring continuities and discontinuities threaded throughout the lives of daughters, mothers, grandmothers and aunts interviewed over three decades. Discussion focuses on the most recent generation of interviewees, following some of the threads of their testimonies back through previous generations of family to reveal similarities and some differences in their navigation of education and work. The findings suggest that the pathways of women today are more fluid but no more disrupted than previous generations, urging continued wider reflection on the concept of transition in youth studies and related relational, spatial and temporal dimensions of study and working life. Though problematic, the transitions metaphor still has meaning in the non-linear journeys of women as they navigate their ways from school to post-school life.
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Evans, Mark, Andrew Peterson, Márta Fülöp, Dina Kiwan, Jasmine B. Y. Sim, and Ian Davies. "Pedagogy and youth civic engagement: Shifting understandings, emergent considerations and persisting challenges." Citizenship Teaching & Learning 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 155–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ctl_00027_1.
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Pedagogies about and for civic engagement are not clearly defined. We consider how these understandings have been constructed and how these pedagogical developments reveal a gradual yet fundamental shift from more transmission-oriented learning intentions and practices to more transformative orientations. We examine how particular broad and interrelated pedagogical considerations and experiences appear to enhance civic engagement learning (e.g. a focus on real-life and relevant political questions and issues, classroom to community, local to global). We review experiences that allow for the practice of different forms of civic engagement; varied ways of knowing and active involvement in the process of constructing knowledge in relation to these political questions and issues rather than simply receiving information passively; and building capacities for decision-making, public issue investigation, ethical thinking, peace-building and conflict management. We recognize that these matters are approached differently in the literature and in classrooms, schools and communities with varying degrees of emphasis and levels of sophistication. We contend that these contrasting approaches and practices reflect differing cultural and historical traditions and contexts, pressures being experienced locally and globally, and the guidance of educational policies and study programmes. The enactment of these developing understandings of civic engagement pedagogy is nominal and uneven in classrooms, schools and community sites within and across countries. Most forms of civic engagement pedagogy for youth tend to occur randomly in their communities, while school-based programmes are limited and most often involved in forms of civic action that are perceived as safe and minimal. We highlight ‐ in the form of questions ‐ some of the persisting challenges that face educators in developing appropriate pedagogies for civic engagement. This work originated from a three-year (2016‐19), six-country project, ‘Youth Activism, Engagement and the Development of New Civic Learning Spaces’, undertaken by an international network of researchers (based in Australia, Canada, England, Hungary, Lebanon and Singapore) and funded by a Leverhulme Network Grant. We explore key ideas and issues about the ways in which young people participate in society and discuss what implications there are for education.
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Cahill, Helen, Julia Coffey, and Kylie Smith. "Exploring embodied methodologies for transformative practice in early childhood and youth." Journal of Pedagogy 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jped-2016-0005.
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Abstract The development of gendered identities during early childhood and youth occurs in a context of ‘body culture’ and the hyper-visibility of ‘perfect’ bodies, which align with traditional gender ideals. Embodied methods can assist to make complexity more visible, and to allow participants to see fluidity, shifts, and becoming. Whilst there has been significant theoretical development, further methodological innovations are needed to enable children and youth to articulate their perceptions of the way multiple influences shape their relations with their own bodies. Informed by ‘new materialist’ feminist theory this article will examine the work of Australian educators exploring use of creative and embodied drama-based play. The chapter advances methodologies to support pedagogical engagement with young children and youth about gender, identity and social change. The authors explore how embodied creative play can be used across ages to support children and young people to articulate the ways social norms and expectations influence their desires, imaginings, fears and actions and their perceptions of what is possible, desirable or appropriate in relation to performances of gender in their everyday worlds.
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Burnett, Lynn. "Different youth, different voices: Perspectives from young lesbian wimmin." Children Australia 23, no. 1 (1998): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s103507720000849x.
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This paper presents and examines issues pertaining to young lesbian wimmin in an Australian setting, with particular emphasis on the ‘coming-out’ process. Stereotypes as presented by Western culture are examined. Society’s honouring of the masculine at the expense of the feminine and the effect this has on young lesbian wimmin, and the development of non-heterosexual adolescents in general, is also discussed. Specific examples of episodes from a research project using memory-work methodology are used to highlight the experience many young lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered people encounter as they come to terms with their sexuality in a heterosexual culture.
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Young, Metta, and John Guenther. "The shape of Aboriginal learning and work opportunities in desert regions." Rangeland Journal 30, no. 1 (2008): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj07042.
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Abstract Education is one of the most powerful instruments for reducing poverty and inequality, and lays a foundation for sustained economic growth. Aboriginal peoples of Australia experience ‘overwhelming’ disadvantages across every indicator of social and economic well being when compared with non-Aboriginal peoples. This disadvantage is experienced across all sectors of education, and although Aboriginal students are participating at high rates in vocational education and training, their pass rates and qualification outcomes remain well below those of non-Aboriginal Australians. This paper maps the participation and outcomes for Aboriginal desert dwellers in the vocational education and training sector and relates these to factors such as: (1) compulsory school access, (2) remote area labour markets, (3) the state of housing and infrastructure on discrete desert settlements, and (4) the policy and program initiatives influencing land tenure, income security and labour force status. The provision of education services across desert regions epitomises the tensions generated when the drivers of desert living – remoteness, dispersed sparse and mobile populations, variable climate, geography, cultures, languages and histories – interact with the differing factors that shape mainstream vocational education. Although innovations in program delivery more consistent with learner needs and aspirations can and do emerge, they are often framed as pilot projects or materialise in parallel program interventions such as youth work or land care. This paper explores the nature of these tensions and identifies the characteristics of educational interventions that can improve outcomes for Aboriginal desert dwellers no matter where they choose to live.
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Leech, Teghan, Diana S. Dorstyn, and Wenjing Li. "eMental health service use among Australian youth: a cross-sectional survey framed by Andersen's model." Australian Health Review 44, no. 6 (2020): 891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah19095.
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ObjectiveYoung adults aged 18–24 years often delay or avoid seeking help for their mental health concerns. eMental health, the use of the Internet to deliver mental health information, services and care, offers a low-cost, easy-access option. However the factors that influence online help-seeking among this cohort remain unclear. MethodsAndersen’s healthcare utilisation model was adapted to examine correlates of eMental health use among Australian youth. In all, 161 young adults completed an online survey comprising sociodemographic questions, online feature preferences, the Actual and General Help-seeking Questionnaires, Berkman–Syme Social Network Index, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Service Obstacles Scale and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales. ResultsAlmost 70% of young people reported having previously accessed some form of online support for their personal or emotional problems. This included informal information via social media and formalised counselling services. Notably, perception of service satisfaction was low. Hierarchical logistical regression identified two significant predisposing factors to subsequent online help-seeking: prior face-to-face service use and living or cohabitating with others. ConclusionseMental health is accessed by young people in Australia, yet more needs to be done to better integrate this service model into the healthcare system. This includes training and education for consumers and professionals about existing, effective programs. What is known about this topic?eMental health platforms can bridge the gap between technology and conventional mental health care. Despite its rapidly expanding evidence base, the implementation of eMental health into the Australian healthcare system remains slow. More work needs to be done to elucidate the factors underlying preferences for online help-seeking. What does this paper add?Young adult perspectives on the delivery of mental health information, services and care via the Internet are examined in accordance with a major conceptual model, namely Andersen’s behavioural model of health services use. The majority of those surveyed reported having accessed some form of online support for an emotional issue, although dissatisfaction with the quality of this support was expressed. Andersen’s model can guide future research in this area and potentially help target eMental health initiatives to individual service users’ needs. What are the implications for practitioners?eMental health interventions offer an alternative for young adults who have difficulty accessing traditional mental health care services, but are also an adjunct to those experiencing mild to moderate symptoms of mental illness. Practitioners can introduce young adults to eMental health by discussing the benefits and limitations and by providing information about available and secure online programs delivered by trusted service providers.
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Fleming, Ann E., Lisa Petheram, and Natasha Stacey. "Australian indigenous women’s seafood harvesting practices and prospects for integrating aquaculture." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 9, no. 2 (May 11, 2015): 156–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-08-2014-0013.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to explore Australian Indigenous women’s customary use of marine resources and views on aquaculture as a development opportunity. The value participants placed on economic, social and cultural outcomes were explored, as were benefit sharing, governance and business considerations. Design/methodology/approach – Using a form of action research, workshops were conducted with a focus group of Indigenous women and interviews with men and women living on a remote island off northern Australia. Multimedia materials and a game were used to elicit a deeper understanding and facilitate discussion. Findings – Women preferred aquaculture options respectful of culture and accommodating cultural and family obligations, that engage young adults in meaningful work, improve access to sea country and provide local foods and support economic development. Participants placed significant dependence on their governance body to support businesses and expressed disparate views on profit sharing. Women continue to engage in customary harvesting and fishing but various limitations impact on this. Research limitations/implications – Conclusions based on one case study need to be confirmed in other communities. Future research should include a broader representation of youth and strategies to improve people’s understanding of aquaculture operations and business management. Social implications – This research improves our understanding of Indigenous women’s preferred economic development pathways and their advocacy role within the community. These findings are relevant for policy-makers, businesses, other Indigenous communities and researchers. Originality/value – This paper seeks to recognise and integrate Indigenous women’s economic and cultural aspirations within development policy. Such a place-based, gender-based consultative process is generally lacking in the Australian Indigenous policy arena.
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Myers, Randolph R., and Tim Goddard. "Virtuous profits: Pay for success arrangements and the future of recidivism reduction." Punishment & Society 20, no. 2 (December 7, 2016): 155–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474516680209.
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Pay for success contracting is the latest financial instrument for funding social programs. Governments in Australia, the UK, the US, and elsewhere are piloting their use in reentry programs, youth offender programs, and a host of other initiatives aimed at homelessness, child welfare, workforce development, and preventive health care. Under a pay for success arrangement, private investors put up capital to fund a program, and if successful, a government agency will repay the investors with a yield, that is, with a profit. This article situates pay for success contracting in the context of reentry and decarceration and it theorizes how the arrangement will reverberate through new alternatives to incarceration and fundamentally change the meaning of “what works.” The article concludes by locating pay for success within the broader drift toward securitizing marginal populations under neoliberalism.
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., Sukamto. "Social Construction On Cultural Multiculturalism." KnE Social Sciences 1, no. 3 (April 13, 2017): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kss.v1i3.757.
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<p>This paper aims to disseminate the results of the study and get feedback about the "Social construction on Multiculturalism". Five years ago, Ahimsa Putra (2011) stated that Indonesia adopted pluralism without multiculturalism. Until now the issue of multiculturalism has become something that must be kept alive in an attempt to minimize the incidence of national disintegration. Winter (2015) tried to rethink multiculturalism by taking a lesson from Canada, where the people experienced setbacks in implementing the work program of multiculturalism. While Pakulski (2014) considered the implementation of multiculturalism policy program in Australia as a blur, Scuzzarello (2015), optimistically invited to care about multiculturalism and re power sharing on different communities. Gozdecka et al. (2014), in recent years after multiculturalism was declared, stated that it was a failure both in Europe and in Anglophone West. This study was conducted in Blitar, using a qualitative approach to data collection methods and also interviews with ten informants. The result showed that the community was concerned with the existence of multiculturalism; they considered themselves as ‘brother’. In addition, they described that: (a) asserting one's cultural identity, studying and assessing the cultural heritage of a person is important; (b) respecting and having a desire to understand and learn about (and from) other cultures is useful; (c) being always delighted with the presence of different cultures in the community, and considering it as a positive thing to be respected and maintained is crucial. The harmony was found in everyday lives, especially in the Religious and National holidays, for example Eid Al-Fitr, Vesak, Christmas, and other religious holidays. Also, it could be seen during the Commemoration of National Holiday such as the Independence Day and the Youth Pledge Day.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>social construction, pluralism, multiculturalism, Indonesia</em>.<strong><em></em></strong></p>
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Kaufman, Keith L., Marcus Erooga, Benjamin Mathews, and Erin McConnell. "Recommendations for Preventing Child Sexual Abuse in Youth-Serving Organizations: Implications From an Australian Royal Commission Review of the Literature." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 34, no. 20 (September 5, 2019): 4199–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260519869239.
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Evidence suggests that tens of millions of children and adolescents are involved in youth-serving organizations (YSOs) outside of their homes on a daily basis. Children’s involvement with YSOs clearly offers a broad array of emotional, social, and personal development benefits. This involvement can, however, also be associated with a variety of safety risks, including the potential for child sexual abuse (CSA) victimization and the myriad short- and long-term consequences to its victims and their families. Recognizing the significance of CSA within YSOs, the Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse funded a comprehensive review of the literature on risk and protective factors related to CSA in institutions. This yielded more than 400 primarily research articles from the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia, examining institutional CSA victims, perpetrators, and settings. Findings were provided regarding six specific types of institutional settings, including faith-based, early childhood education, childcare and schools, health care, out-of-home/foster care, and sport. This article is based on the findings of Kaufman and Erooga’s comprehensive literature review and Royal Commission findings. It provides a brief review of critical risks associated with CSA victims, perpetrators, and organizational settings, as well as highlights risks particular to specific types of YSOs and risks that are present across these organizations. Optimal prevention directions and strategies are outlined in response to identified patterns of organizational risk. Recommendations for YSO policy enhancements are also provided to complement the article’s prevention focus. Finally, suggestions are offered for future research directions to foster the development of an evidence-based foundation for work in this area.
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Pepin-Neff, Christopher, and Thomas Wynter. "The Costs of Pride: Survey Results from LGBTQI Activists in the United States, United Kingdom, South Africa, and Australia." Politics & Gender 16, no. 2 (June 7, 2019): 498–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743923x19000205.
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AbstractA comparative analysis of emotional taxation was conducted to investigate the affective cost of entering the political process among 1,019 lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex (LGBTQI) activists in the United States (n = 355), the United Kingdom (n = 230), South Africa (n = 228), and Australia (n = 206). Four consistent trends were identified across these four contexts, with important implications for the study of social movements, youth activism, gender, sexuality, and race. First, levels of emotional taxation resulting from LGBTQI activist work were consistently very high. Second, emotional burdens were systematically greater for young, nonwhite, and transgender activists. Third, emotional taxation was compounded for activists whose identities crossed multiple marginalized groups. This finding supports the validity and importance of intersectional approaches to LGBTQI issues. Fourth, the sources of emotional taxation varied greatly among activists, and transgender activists were particularly stressed by public engagements such as major events and marches. Transgender nonwhite activists also indicated relatively high levels of emotional stress related to online forms of engagement, such as posting on Twitter and Facebook. These findings could help identify the kinds of activists who participate, the kinds of issues advocated for, and why certain tactics are used.
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Mainwaring, Debra. "Educational Psychologists as advocates of children in out of home care: An innovative program model that empowers young people and the adults who support them." Educational and Child Psychology 31, no. 1 (March 2014): 101–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2014.31.1.101.
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Life Without Barriers, a specialist foster care agency, are funding a Collaborative Education Program in partnership with Edmund Rice Education Australia Youth +. This paper aims to share some of the practice that gives a voice to the children and young people who have experienced trauma, abuse and neglect and have been placed in out of home care. Casework illustrations serve to reveal how the voice of the child is included in measures of participation, well-being and achievement that inform their Education Support Plans. Given the evidence of the impact of trauma on language development non-verbal methods of monitoring are used to explore the child’s perceptions of: what context is most likely to engage them using the Preferences for Activities for Children flashcards and pictorial Likert scales; how their attachment to the carer is developing using video recordings of structured play sessions with carers; sandtray and symbol work when creating trauma narratives; and iPad applications to scaffold emotional expression, social problem solving, transition planning and literacy and numeracy interventions. The program model is limited by recent government financial cutbacks in addition to the scarcity of educational and developmental psychologists in Queensland and its expansion to a national model requires a creative, facilitative model of leadership and strategic social investment in the local community.
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gaspard, luke. "Australian high school students and their Internet use: perceptions of opportunities versus ‘problematic situations’." Children Australia 45, no. 1 (March 2020): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2020.2.
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AbstractThe Internet has, for varied reasons, emerged as a critical mediating tool in the everyday experience for many young people. Opportunities for access and participation are vast and well-documented. There are, however, risks, or more accurately ‘problematic situations’, associated with these online experiences. From a digital youth’s perspective, real and perceived threats, primarily related to content, contact and conduct, all play to policy agendas, and adult fears of how best to protect youth within virtual space where the boundaries of private and public are easily blurred and compromised. Drawing upon a purposive sample of four high schools, in greater Melbourne, Australia, frequency analysis is performed on questionnaire data from 770 students aged 12–18. Adapting the research taxonomy from the EU Kids Online (2014, EU Kids Online: findings, methods, recommendations (deliverable D1.6)) project, this paper extends that work by developing a more comprehensive coding structure to reflect the complex attitudes high school students of this study exhibit with their online practice. In doing so, this research, via a more nuanced classification, supports the ongoing validity of previous research that points to navigation of the Internet as a continuing contestation between balancing opportunity and risk.
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Lynch, Michael. "Shaping our children’s future: Current and past trends." Children Australia 22, no. 4 (1997): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200008385.
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The work environment that students leaving school will enter in the latter part of the nineties and the next decade is radically different to that in previous times. The skills that employers require of their staff imply certain teaching and facilitation approaches that are currently not seen as core in some Australian States. This article examines the needs of the ‘virtual workplace’, and the current pressures and job requirements that are imposed on young people, and highlights the values acquisition areas for youth and how the clarification of values sets is an important role for educational institutions.
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Kiraly, Meredith. "Give everyone a say: The involvement of young people in selecting program staff." Children Australia 26, no. 1 (2001): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200010063.
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This article describes an Australian project which was conducted over several years in which small groups of young people were engaged to participate in the selection of staff to work in youth programs. It builds upon a series of small projects of a similar nature which have been conducted in the UK over the years 1993 to 1996. The collaboration of staff and young people in staff selection was a rewarding one, and led to the conclusion that with appropriate preparation and resourcing, this process is a very worthwhile addition to conventional staff selection, and one which adds useful information to the selection decision.
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Owen, Lloyd. "Reflections on the past 30 years." Children Australia 30, no. 2 (2005): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200010622.
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The journal was first established in 1976 with the title Australian Child and Family Welfare (quarterly), and it was known as such for the first 15 years of its existence. It was published by the Children’s Welfare Association of Victoria as the quarterly journal of the Child and Family Welfare Council of Australia. Co-editors were the Rev Denis Oakley and Dr Peter O’Connor. Denis tells us that the funds to get it started came from the Children’s Welfare Foundation. This foundation was an outstanding example of partnership between business and the non-government sector. Not without controversy, Denis performed on television in his clergyman clobber advertising products for Billy Guyatt stores, drawing in funds for the Foundation which were also applied to the establishment of Grassmere, a community-based youth facility, and to some research work into adoption and family law. The book review editor was Mr Cliff Picton, associate editor was Mr Max Liddell, Mr David Thackeray was business manager, Mr Vernon Knight was circulation manager and the committee providing support was Mrs Glenys Craig, Mr John Edwards, Mr Bill Hughes, Canon Neal Malloy OBE and Mrs Patsy Sebastian. It had a group of interstate representatives, Spencer Colliver, Ray Jenkins, Albert Kruipers, Rev Lyn Reilly, George Belchev, Adam Jamrozik, Geoff Aves and editorial consultants Concetta Ben, Prof Peter Boss, Spencer Colliver and Dr Len Tierney. In the editorial in the first issue was the explanation that the journal was being launched as so much was going on in child and family welfare, that there was a need for a forum. Many of the specialist journals failed to appeal to the broad readership in social welfare, whereas this journal would ‘aim for the broad spectrum of people who make up the vast army of workers in the child and family welfare field … Our concern is to open up discussion on policies and practices, to discuss innovations and the raising of standards.’
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Fredrickson, Anne, Alexandra Farren Gibson, Kari Lancaster, and Sally Nathan. "“Devil’s Lure Took All I Had”: Moral Panic and the Discursive Construction of Crystal Methamphetamine in Australian News Media." Contemporary Drug Problems 46, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091450918823340.
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Crystal methamphetamine (“ice”) has been a fixture in Australian newspapers since the early 2000s. This study explores discourses at work in constructing the ice “problem” in recent Australian media, possible implications for how people who use ice are discursively positioned, and the resulting significance for drug policy. Twenty-seven articles were selected for discourse analysis, sampled from a larger study of Australian ice-related news items. By critically engaging with sociological concepts of “moral panic” and the “risk society,” we demonstrate how three media discourses produce the subject of the “young person” as both victimized by ice and a catastrophic threat in and of themselves: (1) “ice traps and transforms youth,” (2) “ice does not discriminate,” and (3) “ice perverts sanctuary.” These discourses illustrate the tensions between the meanings of ice use and understandings of safety and risk, speaking to current anxieties in Western, neoliberal societies. Ice use is further constructed as a form of abjection, threatening traditional social boundaries and institutions. However, the agency and determinism simultaneously granted to ice the substance troubles the notion we are witnessing yet another “drug scare” that polices social behavior. Instead, we observe how these discourses mirror those in the biomedical literature, which construct ice as a uniform, agentic, and uniquely dangerous drug. With use attributed to entrapment and/or naturalized as addiction, the drug is constituted as engineering its own, always harmful, consumption. This limits conceptions of any “safer,” “rational,” or “pleasurable” forms of ice use and further justifies state intervention on its users. Overall, these discourses rationalize prohibitionist interventions around ice and singularize drug consumption as a behavior requiring institutional management.
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Seymour, Kristy, and Patricia Wise. "Circus Training for Autistic Children: Difference, Creativity, and Community." New Theatre Quarterly 33, no. 1 (January 10, 2017): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x16000658.
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Circus training can benefit children diagnosed on the autistic spectrum and their families. In 2010, as Head Trainer at Flipside Circus in Brisbane, Kristy Seymour developed a method for using circus as a therapeutic tool for children with autism. In this article, she and Patricia Wise work between experiential and theoretical positions to explore how circus can open up a new world to such children, enabling them to take risks physically and emotionally, and to stretch the capacities of their bodies in an environment that enriches their social development. Seymour and Wise deploy the idea of ‘chaosmos’ from Deleuze and Guattari, Pope, and others to argue that, counter-intuitively, children with autism benefit from the environment of creative chaos that attends circus. Through Agamben's work on being and singularity they discuss how circus values difference and inclusivity, building community in ways also captured by Probyn's notion of ‘outside belonging’. Kristy Seymour has worked for over sixteen years in contemporary circus as an aerialist, trainer, artistic director, creative producer, and choreographer. She has a significant profile in the youth circus sector, and is completing doctoral research on Australian contemporary circus in Griffith University's School of Humanities, Languages and Social Science. An Associate Professor in the same School, Patricia Wise is a cultural theorist whose publications range over cultural policy and urban studies, inflected by interests in spatiality, materiality and gender. This article reflects a parallel concern with cultural practices in communities of difference, as does a recent co-publication on the value of participatory music for the welbeing of detained asylum seekers.
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Thompson, Roberta. "Online conferencing for focus group discussions with teenage girls." Qualitative Research Journal 19, no. 3 (July 24, 2019): 281–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-12-2018-0020.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of online conferencing platforms for focus group discussions with teenage girls. Design/methodology/approach The paper discusses the use of online conferencing for focus group discussions with Australian teenage girls aged 12–14 years who were participating in a study about their online interaction with friends. It examines both the practical application of online conferencing as a qualitative method as well as the inherent challenges of this context for youth research. Design decisions are explained and methods for ensuring rich contribution are detailed. Findings Online conferencing offers three distinct advantages for focus group work. First, the environment consciously engages participants in spontaneous interaction with other participants by using communication tools familiar to them. Second, elaborated discussion can be stimulated by introducing ideas and trends through visual mediums and artefacts. Third, the virtual setting provides remote access by the researcher which shifts power relationships so discussions flow more naturally between participants. Practical implications Outcomes indicate that online conferencing is an effective method for encouraging participants to share ideas and experiences about aspects of their lives that are often private and/or sensitive. Originality/value Technological advances in online collaboration tools have resulted in an increased use of online conferencing platforms across disciplines especially for teaching and learning contexts. However, application of online conferencing for focus group discussions with young people has not received much attention. Research presented here demonstrates that it is a useful tool for engaging teenage girls in focus group discussions.
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Wyn, Johanna, and Dan Woodman. "Generation, Youth and Social Change in Australia." Journal of Youth Studies 9, no. 5 (November 2006): 495–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13676260600805713.
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McDaniel, Monica. "Social Justice Youth Work: Actualizing Youth Rights." Journal of Youth Development 12, no. 1 (April 4, 2017): 136–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2017.488.
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This article explores models of prevention/intervention and positive youth development within the context of social justice. Both of these models seek to support young people, but they have vastly different methods and goals. The author argues that these models fall short of effectively supporting youth because they neglect to interrogate how power, privilege and oppressive forces shape a young person's identity and how that young person engages with society. Therefore, a new approach to working with youth is needed: a social justice youth work model. The author proposes this model as a means for youth and adults to work together to achieve a high quality of life in an equitable world. The paper outlines three steps to enact this approach with young people: 1. develop self-awareness within youth and adults; 2. build solidarity across differences; and 3. take action towards dismantling unjust systems. In order to do this work successfully, adults must first interrogate their own motivations for engaging in social justice work with youth.
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Beaton, Susan. "BUZZING—A Theory-Based Impact Evaluation Design." Evaluation Journal of Australasia 16, no. 4 (December 2016): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035719x1601600404.
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BUZZING is a pilot project which introduces a new way of working with disengaged and long-term unemployed young people (aged 15 to 24 years) to support their transition into employment using gamification and online platforms to drive engagement. The project is funded by the Australian Government's Department of Employment under their Empowering YOUth Initiatives, and delivered by not-for-profit organisation United Synergies. This article gives focus to the design considerations that underpin the work of an internal evaluator working on the BUZZING project, and enrolled in an evaluation unit within a postgraduate course. The step-by-step process used to create an evaluation plan inclusive of purpose, context, scope, method and methodology are illustrated, supported by evidence-based justifications. Furthermore, counter-bias design considerations such as a mix of different methodology inquiry, data sources and researchers (triangulation) are discussed and recommendations given for an ethical evaluation framework. The practice of using evidence-based rigour in evaluation is promoted for organisations which seek to demonstrate positive social change within complex environments. The capacity building and professional development of internal evaluators in the not-for-profit sector is therefore recommended to drive accountability, ethical practices and continual improvement for public good from within the organisation. Finally, White's (2009) theory-based impact evaluation is adopted as the evaluation method as it maps out the causal chain from inputs to outcomes and impact, testing the underlying assumptions to understand why a program has, or has not, had an impact.
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Anderson-Butcher, Dawn, and Samantha Bates. "Social Work and Youth Sport." Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal 38, no. 4 (May 28, 2021): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10560-021-00777-6.
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Smith, Alan. "Youth Justice and Social Work." Child & Family Social Work 13, no. 1 (January 9, 2008): 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2206.2007.00534.x.
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Paylor, D. I. "Youth Justice and Social Work." British Journal of Social Work 42, no. 3 (April 1, 2012): 578–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcs030.
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Fook, Jan. "Social work research in Australia." Social Work Education 22, no. 1 (February 2003): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02615470309134.
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Lee, Jung-Sook. "School Social Work in Australia." Australian Social Work 65, no. 4 (December 2012): 552–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0312407x.2012.675343.
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Hayes, Derren, and Ewan King. "Strength-based social work, Australia." Children and Young People Now 2018, no. 11 (November 2, 2018): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/cypn.2018.11.48.
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