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Journal articles on the topic 'Social Touch'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 June 2024

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1

Boehme, Rebecca, and Håkan Olausson. "Differentiating self-touch from social touch." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 43 (February 2022): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.06.012.

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2

Huisman, Gijs. "Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch." IEEE Transactions on Haptics 10, no. 3 (July 1, 2017): 391–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/toh.2017.2650221.

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3

Shamsah, Lakhani, and Wasif Saif Muhammad. "Social Distancing and the Power of Touch." Cancer Medicine Journal 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.46619/cmj.2020.3-1024.

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Jean was 33-year-old female diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer in August of 2019. She was altruistic, full of life and eager to participate in clinical research so she could help the patients who came after her. Jean and her mother were a force. They did everything together.

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4

Zoltowski, Alisa R., Michelle D. Failla, and Carissa J. Cascio. "Social touch and allostasis." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 43 (February 2022): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.08.005.

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5

Gallace, Alberto, and Matteo Girondini. "Social touch in virtual reality." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 43 (February 2022): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.11.006.

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6

Brand, Chris. "A touch of (social) class." Nature 325, no. 6107 (February 1987): 767–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/325767a0.

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7

Wolfe, Jason, Carolin Mende, and Michael Brecht. "Social facial touch in rats." Behavioral Neuroscience 125, no. 6 (2011): 900–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0026165.

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8

Denworth, Lydia. "The Social Power of Touch." Scientific American Mind 26, no. 4 (June 11, 2015): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamericanmind0715-30.

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9

Cascio, Carissa J., David Moore, and Francis McGlone. "Social touch and human development." Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience 35 (February 2019): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2018.04.009.

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10

Field, Tiffany. "Social touch, CT touch and massage therapy: A narrative review." Developmental Review 51 (March 2019): 123–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2019.01.002.

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11

Banissy, Michael. "Mirror-touch synaesthesia and broader social perception abilities." Seeing and Perceiving 25 (2012): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847612x648495.

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In this talk, I will describe findings on a newly documented variant of synaesthesia in which the synaesthete experiences tactile sensations on their own body simply when observing touch to another person (mirror-touch synaesthesia). Functional brain imaging indicates that mirror-touch synaesthesia is linked to heightened neural activity in the same network of brain regions activated by us all when observing touch to others (shared-touch network). This network of brain regions has been suggested to play an important role in our social perception abilities by enabling us to map the experiences of others onto the same sensorimotor representations that are active when we experience the same state. Here, I will describe studies examining the relationship between mirror-touch synaesthesia and broader social perception abilities (e.g., empathy, emotion processing). I will discuss findings indicating that mirror-touch synaesthesia is linked to superior emotion perception and discuss the implications of this for models of social perception.

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12

Albawi, Saad, Oguz Bayat, Saad Al-Azawi, and Osman N. Ucan. "Social Touch Gesture Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2018 (October 8, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6973103.

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Recently, social touch gesture recognition has been considered an important topic for touch modality, which can lead to highly efficient and realistic human-robot interaction. In this paper, a deep convolutional neural network is selected to implement a social touch recognition system for raw input samples (sensor data) only. The touch gesture recognition is performed using a dataset previously measured with numerous subjects that perform varying social gestures. This dataset is dubbed as the corpus of social touch, where touch was performed on a mannequin arm. A leave-one-subject-out cross-validation method is used to evaluate system performance. The proposed method can recognize gestures in nearly real time after acquiring a minimum number of frames (the average range of frame length was from 0.2% to 4.19% from the original frame lengths) with a classification accuracy of 63.7%. The achieved classification accuracy is competitive in terms of the performance of existing algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed system outperforms other classification algorithms in terms of classification ratio and touch recognition time without data preprocessing for the same dataset.

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13

Kinnunen, Taina, and Marjo Kolehmainen. "Touch and Affect: Analysing the Archive of Touch Biographies." Body & Society 25, no. 1 (December 13, 2018): 29–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357034x18817607.

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This article examines touch and its significance from an affect studies perspective. Touch makes our bodies more-than-one in a very concrete way, yet in body and affect research it has largely remained a philosophical abstraction, with few empirical explorations. Our theoretical deliberations are based on empirical material consisting of ‘touch biographies’ written by people of various backgrounds in the 2010s in Finland. The biographies are embodied-affective data, and our analysis of them offers a novel perspective on the ways touch forms a part of affective relations and communal history. Touch works in and between bodies through affects in social bonds. Moreover, the exploration of touch biographies demonstrates that people draw upon different affective repertoires, and their experiences concerning touch are highly variable. The touch biographies highlight diverse and multi-temporal ways of attuning to, registering and recognising the social as it happens. Furthermore, our discussion opens up a new perspective on the study of affective privilege and inequality.

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14

Haans, Antal, and Wijnand A. IJsselsteijn. "The Virtual Midas Touch: Helping Behavior After a Mediated Social Touch." IEEE Transactions on Haptics 2, no. 3 (July 2009): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/toh.2009.20.

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15

Jung, Merel M., Mannes Poel, Ronald Poppe, and Dirk K. J. Heylen. "Automatic recognition of touch gestures in the corpus of social touch." Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces 11, no. 1 (October 21, 2016): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12193-016-0232-9.

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16

Okuda, Mariko, Yasutake Takahashi, and Satoki Tsuichihara. "Human Response to Humanoid Robot That Responds to Social Touch." Applied Sciences 12, no. 18 (September 14, 2022): 9193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12189193.

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Communication robots have been introduced in nursing care, education, and the hospitality sector. In the future, robots will be increasingly integrated into human society, with more opportunities to interact closely with humans. Therefore, investigating the symbiosis between humans and robots is critical. Touch, including actions, such as shaking hands, holding hands, and touching shoulders are common in most societies. These actions are called the social touch and are common modes of communication. Social touch not only conveys emotions and intentions but also mental and physical effects. Touch considerably influences social relationships: for example, by creating positive impressions and enabling the fulfillment of requests. Since the development of communication robots and other robots capable of physical contact, touch communication between humans and robots has been extensively studied. Although studies have revealed that touching a robot positively influences the impression regarding the robot and induces a relaxed feeling, negative perceptions related to trust on the robot have been reported. Thus, touch interactions between humans and robots are yet to be fully understood. Studies have focused on the effects of touch, such as touching the robot or being touched by the robot. Although interactions with robots that respond to touch, such as hugging behavior, have been studied, few studies have examined the psychological effects of robot responses to other types of touch such as hitting, stroking, and grasping. In this study, a humanoid robot was used to investigate how the reactive behavior exhibited by the robot in response to touch by a participant affects the degree of favorability and intellectual impression toward the robot as well as the sense of accomplishment regarding communication. Participants exhibited high favorability, feeling of relief, and willingness to continue the interaction with robots that exhibited appropriate reactions to the touch of participants. Participants exhibited a positive impression when they decided the touch gesture of the robot rather than when instructed on how to touch it. The results of this study can provide guidelines for improving the design and utilization of robots, such as therapeutic robots, that work alongside humans.

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17

Shiomi, Masahiro, Hidenobu Sumioka, and Hiroshi Ishiguro. "Survey of Social Touch Interaction Between Humans and Robots." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 32, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2020.p0128.

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In human-human interaction, social touch provides several merits, from both physical and mental perspectives. The physical existence of robots helps them reproduce human-like social touch, during their interaction with people. Such social touch shows positive effects, similar to those observed in human-human interaction. Therefore, social touch is a growing research topic in the field of human-robot interaction. This survey provides an overview of the work conducted so far on this topic.

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18

Dagnino-Subiabre, Alexies. "Resilience to stress and social touch." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 43 (February 2022): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.08.011.

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19

Cranny-Francis, Anne. "Semefulness: a social semiotics of touch." Social Semiotics 21, no. 4 (September 2011): 463–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2011.591993.

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20

McKinney, K. G., and D. A. Kempson. "Losing Touch in Social Work Practice." Social Work 57, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 189–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/sws036.

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21

Ludlow, Amanda K., Hannah Roberts, and Roberto Gutierrez. "Social Anxiety and Response to Touch." SAGE Open 5, no. 2 (April 8, 2015): 215824401558085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244015580854.

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22

Simpson, Elizabeth A., Sarah E. Maylott, Roberto J. Lazo, Kyla A. Leonard, Stefano S. K. Kaburu, Stephen J. Suomi, Annika Paukner, and Pier F. Ferrari. "Social touch alters newborn monkey behavior." Infant Behavior and Development 57 (November 2019): 101368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2019.101368.

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23

von Mohr, Mariana, Louise P. Kirsch, and Aikaterini Fotopoulou. "Social touch deprivation during COVID-19: effects on psychological wellbeing and craving interpersonal touch." Royal Society Open Science 8, no. 9 (September 2021): 210287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210287.

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Social touch has positive effects on social affiliation and stress alleviation. However, its ubiquitous presence in human life does not allow the study of social touch deprivation ‘in the wild’. Nevertheless, COVID-19-related restrictions such as social distancing allowed the systematic study of the degree to which social distancing affects tactile experiences and mental health. In this study, 1746 participants completed an online survey to examine intimate, friendly and professional touch experiences during COVID-19-related restrictions, their impact on mental health and the extent to which touch deprivation results in craving touch. We found that intimate touch deprivation during COVID-19-related restrictions is associated with higher anxiety and greater loneliness even though this type of touch is still the most experienced during the pandemic. Moreover, intimate touch is reported as the type of touch most craved during this period, thus being more prominent as the days practising social distancing increase. However, our results also show that the degree to which individuals crave touch during this period depends on individual differences in attachment style: the more anxiously attached, the more touch is craved; with the reverse pattern for avoidantly attached. These findings point to the important role of interpersonal and particularly intimate touch in times of distress and uncertainty.

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24

Suvilehto, Juulia T., Lauri Nummenmaa, Tokiko Harada, Robin I. M. Dunbar, Riitta Hari, Robert Turner, Norihiro Sadato, and Ryo Kitada. "Cross-cultural similarity in relationship-specific social touching." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1901 (April 24, 2019): 20190467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0467.

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Many species use touching for reinforcing social structures, and particularly, non-human primates use social grooming for managing their social networks. However, it is still unclear how social touch contributes to the maintenance and reinforcement of human social networks. Human studies in Western cultures suggest that the body locations where touch is allowed are associated with the strength of the emotional bond between the person touched and the toucher. However, it is unknown to what extent this relationship is culturally universal and generalizes to non-Western cultures. Here, we compared relationship-specific, bodily touch allowance maps across one Western ( N = 386, UK) and one East Asian ( N = 255, Japan) country. In both cultures, the strength of the emotional bond was linearly associated with permissible touch area. However, Western participants experienced social touching as more pleasurable than Asian participants. These results indicate a similarity of emotional bonding via social touch between East Asian and Western cultures.

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25

AKDENİZ, Gülsüm, Özgen Deniz DELİKTAŞ, Ayse Ceren FİNCAN, Gulsen YİLMAZ, Tahir YOLDAŞ, and Pınar ÖZIŞIK. "Examining the Relationship Between Touch and Visual Perception: Pareidolia Perception in the Social Brain." Pamukkale Medical Journal 17, no. 2 (October 27, 2023): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.31362/patd.1362435.

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Purpose: Human perception is a complex system based on the interaction of different modalities. However, it is unclear how adults’ perception of social touch influences their social dimension of visual perception. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between social touch perception and visual perception in the social brain. Materials and methods: The survey study recruited 802 healthy participants. Thus, a self-report survey that included the Social Touch Questionnaire consisting of three factors and the pareidolia test were used. Pearson’s Correlation and one- way ANOVA was performed for analysis. Result: We display a statistically significant negative correlation between face reaction time, personal social touch factor, and liking personal social touch factor. An adverse important relationship emerged between pareidolia reaction time, liking of personal social touch, and social touch behavior factors. Conclusion: According to our results, multimodal perception necessitates the simultaneous activation of multiple heteromodal associations in the social brain. Our findings can be interpreted as an interaction between the Dorsal and Ventral Attention Networks and the Social Brain Network.

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26

Fahey, Samira, Chavelyn Santana, Ryo Kitada, and Zane Zheng. "Affective judgement of social touch on a hand associated with hand embodiment." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 10 (April 12, 2019): 2408–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021819842785.

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Social touch constitutes a critical component of human interactions. A gentle tap on the hand, for instance, can sometimes create emotional bonding and reduce interpersonal distance in social interactions. Evidence of tactile empathy suggests that touch can be experienced through both physical sensation and observation, yet vicarious perception of observed touch on an object as a function of the object’s conceptual representation (e.g., Is this object identified as mine? Does this object feel like part of me?) remains less explored. Here we examined the affective judgement of social touch when the illusory sense of ownership over a dummy hand was manipulated through the rubber-hand illusion. When the same social touch was performed on either the real or the dummy hand, we found a similar sense of perceived pleasantness between the felt and observed touch, but only when the dummy hand was embodied; when it was not, the perceived pleasantness of the observed touch was lesser (an “embodiment effect”; Experiment 1). In addition, we found that the embodiment effect associated with the observed touch was insensitive to the way in which embodiment was manipulated (Experiment 2), and that this effect was specific to social but not neutral touch (Experiment 3). Taken together, our findings suggest a role of embodiment in the affective component of observed social touch and contribute to our understanding of tactile empathy for objects.

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Tinker, Victoria C., Paula D. Trotter, and Charlotte Krahé. "Depression severity is associated with reduced pleasantness of observed social touch and fewer current intimate touch experiences." PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (August 2, 2023): e0289226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289226.

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Depression is associated with loss of pleasure in previously enjoyed activities and withdrawal from social interactions. Depression alters the perception of social cues, but it is currently unclear whether this extends to social touch. In the current cross-sectional study, we explored the association between depression severity, perceived pleasantness of observed social touch, and general longing for touch. For observed touch, we contrasted videos of slow touch (1-10cm/s), which optimally activates C tactile afferent nerve fibres and generally feels pleasant, with ‘non-CT-optimal’ touch (i.e., outside the 1-10cm/s range, commonly rated more neutral). We predicted that greater depression severity would be related to lower pleasantness ratings specifically for CT-optimal touch, and less longing for touch. N = 226 adults completed self-report measures of depression severity and longing for touch, and rated touch pleasantness for six videos depicting social touch at three velocities (3cm/s in the CT-optimal range, 0.5 and 30cm/s outside this range) and at two locations varying in CT innervation (palm vs. arm). We controlled for general anhedonia and individual differences in touch experiences and attitudes. Across touch locations, greater depression severity was associated with lower perceived pleasantness of touch, especially for the fastest non-CT-optimal (rather than the CT-optimal) velocity, contrary to our prediction. However, when grouping participants into probable vs. no/minimal depression, the probable depression group rated both the fastest non-CT-optimal and the CT-optimal velocity as less pleasant than did the no/minimal depression group. Overall, while depression was associated with perceived pleasantness of observed touch, this was not specific to CT-optimal touch. Furthermore, touch longing was not associated with depression severity. Instead, variance in depression symptoms was better explained by reduced levels of current intimate touch. Though the direction of causality is unclear, greater depression severity is related to lower pleasantness of observed social touch, and lower levels of current intimate touch.

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28

Palmer, Sarah Jane. "Why social distancing can affect our emotions: social touch and its effect on neurobehavioural networks." British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing 18, no. 1 (February 2, 2022): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjnn.2022.18.1.45.

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In the trying times of the COVID-19 pandemic, many poeple were trapped in solitude, none more so than people with neurocognitive diseaase, such as dementia. This lack of social touch impacted people in ways we are begininng to understand. Sarah Jane Palmer discusses the science behind social touch, and the ways it affects our minds.

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29

Grandi, Laura Clara, and Stefania Bruni. "Social Touch: Its Mirror-like Responses and Implications in Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases." NeuroSci 4, no. 2 (May 26, 2023): 118–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/neurosci4020012.

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What is the significance of a touch encoded by slow-conducted unmyelinated C-tactile (CT) fibers? It is the so-called affiliative touch, which has a fundamental social impact. In humans, it has been demonstrated that the affiliative valence of this kind of touch is encoded by a dedicated central network, not involved in the encoding of discriminative touch, namely, the “social brain”. Moreover, CT-related touch has significant consequences on the human autonomic system, not present in the case of discriminative touch, which does not involve CT fibers as the modulation of vagal tone. In addition, CT-related touch provokes central effects as well. An interesting finding is that CT-related touch can elicit “mirror-like responses” since there is evidence that we would have the same perception of a caress regardless of whether it would be felt or seen and that the same brain areas would be activated. Information from CT afferents in the posterior insular cortex likely provides a basis for encoding observed caresses. We also explored the application of this kind of touch in unphysiological conditions and in premature newborns. In the present literature review, we aim to (1) examine the effects of CT-related touch at autonomic and central levels and (2) highlight CT-related touch and mirror networks, seeking to draw a line of connection between them. Finally, the review aims to give an overview of the involvement of the CT system in some neurologic and psychiatric diseases.

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30

Ali, S. Hasan, Adarsh D. Makdani, Maria I. Cordero, Aspasia E. Paltoglou, Andrew G. Marshall, Martyn J. McFarquhar, Francis P. McGlone, Susannah C. Walker, and Paula D. Trotter. "Hold me or stroke me? Individual differences in static and dynamic affective touch." PLOS ONE 18, no. 5 (May 23, 2023): e0281253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281253.

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Low-threshold mechanosensory C-fibres, C-tactile afferents (CTs), respond optimally to sensations associated with a human caress. Additionally, CT-stimulation activates brain regions associated with processing affective states. This evidence has led to the social touch hypothesis, that CTs have a key role in encoding the affective properties of social touch. Thus, to date, the affective touch literature has focussed on gentle stroking touch. However, social touch interactions involve many touch types, including static, higher force touch such as hugging and holding. This study aimed to broaden our understanding of the social touch hypothesis by investigating relative preference for static vs dynamic touch and the influence of force on these preferences. Additionally, as recent literature has highlighted individual differences in CT-touch sensitivity, this study investigated the influence of affective touch experiences and attitudes, autistic traits, depressive symptomology and perceived stress on CT-touch sensitivity. Directly experienced, robotic touch responses were obtained through a lab-based study and vicarious touch responses through an online study where participants rated affective touch videos. Individual differences were determined by self-report questionnaire measures. In general, static touch was preferred over CT-non-optimal stroking touch, however, consistent with previous reports, CT-optimal stroking (velocity 1–10 cm/s) was rated most pleasant. However, static and CT-optimal vicarious touch were rated comparably for dorsal hand touch. For all velocities, 0.4N was preferred over 0.05N and 1.5N robotic touch. Participant dynamic touch quadratic terms were calculated for robotic and vicarious touch as a proxy CT-sensitivity measure. Attitudes to intimate touch significantly predict robotic and vicarious quadratic terms, as well as vicarious static dorsal hand touch ratings. Perceived stress negatively predicted robotic static touch ratings. This study has identified individual difference predictors of CT-touch sensitivity. Additionally, it has highlighted the context dependence of affective touch responses and the need to consider static, as well as dynamic affective touch.

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31

de Jong, Jutta R., Hendrik Christiaan Dijkerman, and Anouk Keizer. "Autistic Traits Related to the Importance of Interpersonal Touch and Appreciation of Observed Touch during COVID-19 Social Distancing." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 18 (September 11, 2023): 6738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20186738.

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Studies have confirmed the significance of touch for psychological wellbeing. Social distancing regulations during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced people’s ability to engage in interpersonal touch and caused increased an appreciation for observed touch, as well as a longing for touch within the neurotypical population. Yet, while the impact of social distancing and the importance of touch are evident in neurotypical individuals, it remains unclear how these factors manifest in autistic individuals. Previous research has related high levels of autistic traits to reduced levels of perceived pleasantness of touch and a reduced interest in interpersonal touch. Our study aimed to examine the differences in the appreciation of observed touch and longing for touch during social distancing between individuals with low and high levels of autistic traits. We conducted an online survey on autistic traits, the appreciation of observed CT-optimal touch and longing for touch. Consistent with our predictions, our results confirmed that individuals with high levels of autistic traits evaluated videos depicting CT-optimal touch less favorably compared to those with lower scores on autistic traits. Additionally, only the group with low levels of autistic traits exhibited a longing for touch during social distancing, whereas the group with high levels of autistic traits did not. The results provide insights in the appreciation of touch in relation to autistic traits during the unique circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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32

Thayer, Stephen. "Touch: Frontier of intimacy." Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 10, no. 1 (1986): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00987201.

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33

Dolinski, Dariusz. "Touch, Compliance, and Homophobia." Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 34, no. 3 (April 13, 2010): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10919-010-0090-1.

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Haans, Antal, Renske de Bruijn, and Wijnand A. IJsselsteijn. "A Virtual Midas Touch? Touch, Compliance, and Confederate Bias in Mediated Communication." Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 38, no. 3 (April 18, 2014): 301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10919-014-0184-2.

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35

Suvilehto, Juulia T., Enrico Glerean, Robin I. M. Dunbar, Riitta Hari, and Lauri Nummenmaa. "Topography of social touching depends on emotional bonds between humans." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 45 (October 26, 2015): 13811–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1519231112.

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Nonhuman primates use social touch for maintenance and reinforcement of social structures, yet the role of social touch in human bonding in different reproductive, affiliative, and kinship-based relationships remains unresolved. Here we reveal quantified, relationship-specific maps of bodily regions where social touch is allowed in a large cross-cultural dataset (N = 1,368 from Finland, France, Italy, Russia, and the United Kingdom). Participants were shown front and back silhouettes of human bodies with a word denoting one member of their social network. They were asked to color, on separate trials, the bodily regions where each individual in their social network would be allowed to touch them. Across all tested cultures, the total bodily area where touching was allowed was linearly dependent (mean r2 = 0.54) on the emotional bond with the toucher, but independent of when that person was last encountered. Close acquaintances and family members were touched for more reasons than less familiar individuals. The bodily area others are allowed to touch thus represented, in a parametric fashion, the strength of the relationship-specific emotional bond. We propose that the spatial patterns of human social touch reflect an important mechanism supporting the maintenance of social bonds.

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36

Jackson, Helen. "Keeping in Touch." Adoption & Fostering 19, no. 2 (July 1995): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857599501900215.

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37

Worthington, Ann. "In touch." Early Child Development and Care 22, no. 1 (January 1985): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0300443850220107.

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38

Jones, Stanley E., and Brandi C. Brown. "Touch attitudes and behaviors, recollections of early childhood touch, and social self-confidence." Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 20, no. 3 (September 1996): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02281953.

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39

Ellingsen, Dan-Mikael, Johan Wessberg, Olga Chelnokova, Håkan Olausson, Bruno Laeng, and Siri Leknes. "In touch with your emotions: Oxytocin and touch change social impressions while others’ facial expressions can alter touch." Psychoneuroendocrinology 39 (January 2014): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.09.017.

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40

Thiebaut, Gaëtan, Alain Méot, Arnaud Witt, Pavol Prokop, and Patrick Bonin. "“Touch Me If You Can!”: Individual Differences in Disease Avoidance and Social Touch." Evolutionary Psychology 19, no. 4 (October 2021): 147470492110561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14747049211056159.

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The threat of diseases varies considerably among individuals, and it has been found to be linked to various proactive or reactive behaviors. In the present studies, we investigated the impact of individual differences in the perceived vulnerability to disease (PVD) on social touch before (Study 1) or during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (Study 2). We also investigated the influence of personality traits in the covariation between these two dimensions. We found that people who are the most disease-avoidant are also the most reluctant to touching or being touched by others (and this relationship holds when personality traits are taken into account). Interestingly, the association between PVD and social touch increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with a few months before. By showing that the fear of contamination has an association with social touch, the findings provide further evidence for the behavioral immune system ( Schaller and Park, 2011 ), a psychological system acting as a first line of defense against pathogens.

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McKinney, Cait, and Dylan Mulvin. "High-Touch Media." Feminist Media Histories 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 98–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fmh.2023.9.1.98.

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Disabled activists in the United States brought unique expertise to HIV/AIDS in the 1980s and ’90s, including understanding social stigma and health as social justice issues and approaching information as a complex access problem. Disproportionately affected Deaf communities mounted a response that carefully blended face-to-face caring practices with mediated information by and for deaf people grappling with HIV. San Francisco’s Deaf AIDS Information Center (DAIC) advocated for wider access to Telecommunications Device for the Deaf (TDD) in the AIDS service sector while also marking this text and modem-based machine’s inadequacies as a substitute for the high-touch, one-to-one interpretive work needed by many ASL users. Crossovers among media, AIDS, and disability justice histories are underdocumented and risk seeming minor. Through our analysis of the DAIC, we argue that this intersection is key to advancing knowledge of how HIV left an imprint on emerging communication technologies and how sexuality and disability factor in technological cultures.

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Verschueren, Jef. "A touch of class." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.13.1.06ver.

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This paper describes how political discourse, as manifested in the policy statements of two Flemish political parties which assign to themselves the epithet ‘social’, contributes to the erasion of group-based or class- related forms of social inequality. A brief comparison with the academic defense of ‘Third Way’ politics (in the work of Anthony Giddens) leads to the suggestion that we are witnessing a hegemonic process.

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Alsalman, Masoud Bandar. "Bringing Social Media Apps in One Touch." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering 07, no. 08 (2021): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31695/ijasre.2021.34055.

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Dunbar, Robin IM. "Virtual touch and the human social world." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 43 (February 2022): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.06.009.

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Tang, Yan, and Ron Stoop. "The petting factor: Oxytocin and social touch." Neuron 110, no. 6 (March 2022): 909–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2022.02.021.

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Morrison, India, and Ilona Croy. "The Science of Social and Affective Touch." Neuroscience 464 (June 2021): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.03.013.

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Kaplan, Alexandra G. "Women and Social Subordination: The Freudian Touch." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 32, no. 7 (July 1987): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/027341.

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Pape, Hilde, Thor Norström, and Ingeborg Rossow. "Adolescent drinking-a touch of social class?" Addiction 112, no. 5 (February 2, 2017): 792–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.13721.

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Brummelman, Eddie, David Terburg, Miranda Smit, Susan M. Bögels, and Peter A. Bos. "Parental touch reduces social vigilance in children." Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience 35 (February 2019): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2018.05.002.

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O. Miguel, Helga, Adriana Sampaio, Rocío Martínez-Regueiro, Lorena Gómez-Guerrero, Cristina Gutiérrez López-Dóriga, Sonia Gómez, Ángel Carracedo, and Montse Fernández-Prieto. "Touch Processing and Social Behavior in ASD." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 47, no. 8 (May 22, 2017): 2425–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3163-8.

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