Academic literature on the topic 'Social status-seeking'
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Journal articles on the topic "Social status-seeking":
1
Liu, Chia-Ying, and Wei-Neng Wang. "On the optimality of social status seeking." Economic Modelling 93 (December 2020): 520–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2020.09.007.
2
Jin, Ye, Hongbin Li, and Binzhen Wu. "Income inequality, consumption, and social-status seeking." Journal of Comparative Economics 39, no. 2 (June 2011): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2010.12.004.
3
Immorlica, Nicole, Rachel Kranton, Mihai Manea, and Greg Stoddard. "Social Status in Networks." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 9, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20160082.
Abstract:
We study social comparisons and status seeking in an interconnected society. Individuals take costly actions that have direct benefits and also confer social status. A new measure of interconnectedness—cohesion—captures the intensity of incentives for seeking status. Equilibria stratify players into social classes, with each class’s action pinned down by cohesion. A network decomposition algorithm characterizes the highest (and most inefficient) equilibrium. Members of the largest maximally cohesive set form the highest class. Alternatively, players not belonging to sets more cohesive than the set of all nodes constitute the lowest class. Intermediate classes are identified by iterating a cohesion operator. We also characterize networks that accommodate multiple-class equilibria. (JEL D11, D85, Z13)
4
Malley, Sean O’. "Status Seeking through Social Creativity Has Its Limits." JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 17, no. 2 (December 31, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15235/jir.2014.12.17.2.1.
5
Lange, Jens, Liz Redford, and Jan Crusius. "A Status-Seeking Account of Psychological Entitlement." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 45, no. 7 (November 28, 2018): 1113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167218808501.
6
Røren, Pål. "Status seeking in the friendly Nordic neighborhood." Cooperation and Conflict 54, no. 4 (February 15, 2019): 562–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836719828410.
Abstract:
The article argues that the way status is pursued in social groups in world politics is contingent on the type of social relations that constitute interaction between the members. The Nordic region is a group of countries marked by friendship and trust. Here, the numerous societal linkages between the Nordic countries have made their region into a ‘friendly neighborhood’. This has changed the way that these countries pursue status. To explore this status dynamic, the article draws on a series of interviews with Nordic diplomats and argues that a strong friendship both enables collective status seeking, and constrains individual status seeking. Specifically, turning their social group into a friendly neighborhood allows the Nordic countries to posture as a collective polity and seek status on behalf of it. This grants them more status recognition in world politics. Moreover, friendship does not eliminate status rivalry, but it does turn it into a friendly kind of status competition. Indeed, while the intra-regional intensity of the competition endures, the article finds that the Nordic countries are unlikely to compete in ways that might harm their friendship or their neighborhood.
7
Losecaat Vermeer, A. B., I. Krol, C. Gausterer, B. Wagner, C. Eisenegger, and C. Lamm. "Exogenous testosterone increases status-seeking motivation in men with unstable low social status." Psychoneuroendocrinology 113 (March 2020): 104552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104552.
8
Jaeger, William K. "Status Seeking and Social Welfare: Is There Virtue in Vanity?*." Social Science Quarterly 85, no. 2 (June 2004): 361–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0038-4941.2004.08502012.x.
9
Hwang, Sanghyun, and Kadir Nagac. "Social Status, Conspicuous Consumption Levies, and Distortionary Taxation." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 15, no. 4 (October 1, 2015): 1705–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2014-0046.
Abstract:
AbstractThis paper explores the optimal tax structure in the presence of status effect. When the consumption of certain goods affects one’s social status, this creates an externality, which results in two opposite effects in a society. Seeking higher status through “positional goods” gives individuals much incentive to supply labor but still allocates income for less “nonpositional goods” as well. In this case, differentiated taxes on positional goods work as corrective instruments to internalize the social cost stemming from status seeking. Furthermore, the differentiated taxes generate revenue that can be used to alleviate preexisting income tax distortion. We develop a game-theoretic model in which each individual with different labor productivity unknown to the others engages in a status-seeking game, where government has a revenue requirement. Then we show that under a condition in which utility is separable between positional goods and leisure, a revenue-neutral shift in the tax mix away from nonlinear income taxes toward positional-good taxes enhances welfare. Hence, the differentiated taxes on positional goods are necessary together with the nonlinear income taxes for an optimal tax structure. Moreover, the differentiated taxes on positional goods could reduce the progressivity of the nonlinear income taxes, which is the case that can easily apply to practical use.
10
Kagan, Maya, and Michal Itzick. "The Effect of Gender and Stigma on the Self-Reported Likelihood of Seeking Social Workers’ Help by Social Workers versus Non Social Workers." British Journal of Social Work 50, no. 2 (January 27, 2020): 389–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcaa004.
Abstract:
Abstract The current study examines the likelihood of seeking social workers’ help by social workers compared with non-social workers, taking into consideration their gender and the prevalence of stigma attached to seeking social workers' help. Data collection utilised structured questionnaires administered to a sample of 802 participants, of whom 355 were social workers and 447 non-social workers. The findings indicate that social workers, regardless of their gender, reported a higher likelihood than non-social workers of seeking help from social workers. Female social workers reported a higher likelihood of seeking social workers’ help than male social workers. High levels of stigma were associated with a lower likelihood of seeking social worker help regardless of the respondents’ gender or professional status. The current study highlights the importance of social workers’ professional socialisation with regard to seeking social workers’ help, with a special emphasis on raising male social workers’ awareness of the importance of seeking help. In addition, the study emphasises that the general public is less likely than social workers to seek social workers' help, regardless of gender, and that stigma is a barrier to seeking help. Implications for the practice of social workers are discussed.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Social status-seeking":
1
Winters, Nancy. "Seeking Status| The Process of Becoming and Remaining as an Emergency Department Nurse." Thesis, Adelphi University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3580238.
Abstract:
Understanding the processes involved in retaining nurses in the Emergency Department is essential for future hiring and retention; turnover rates are currently at approximately 16% in the emergency department. Using Grounded Theory Methods (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) and the conceptual framework of symbolic interaction, the process of becoming and remaining as an ED nurse was explored.
Data were collected through semi-structured, open ended interviews until data saturation occurred. The seven participants' ages ranged from 29-56 with ED nursing experience ranging from 1-17 years and nursing experience from 2-18 years. Five phases emerged from data analysis using constant comparative analysis of 183 pages of transcripts, through coding phrases, categorizing, and conceptualizing them. These phases, each with sub-categories, explained a process identified as Seeking Status. The five phases were: joining the troops, working in the trenches, passing muster, earning stripes, and looking ahead. Passing Muster emerged as the core category, the one that best explained the process and connected the other conceptual categories in this process.
The theory, Seeking Status, was compared to and contrasted with theories from nursing, sociology and anthropology such as socialization, rites of passage, adaptation, role identity, and reality shock. The theory overlapped with some of the theories explored; however it was unique in the finding regarding the significance of a two-tiered hierarchy of roles in the ED.
Implications for recruitment strategies, longer orientations and the need for preceptors for new nurses were described. Senior nurses, on the other hand, would benefit from increasing knowledge and skills regarding leadership and management strategies in their role.
2
Morgan, Aimee Louise. "The educational needs of unaccompanied asylum-seeking children in UK in one local authority in England : professional and child perspectives." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34337.
Abstract:
This two-part small-scale research is positioned within a social constructionist interpretive epistemology. Both parts of the research used qualitative methods. Part One explores the perspectives of unaccompanied asylum-seeking children (UASC) in relation to their educational experiences in the UK. It also considers the experiences, opportunities and challenges for school and college staff with supporting the educational needs of UASC in a shire county in England. The methodology employed to collect the data for Part One consisted of semi-structured interviews with six professionals and the ‘Talking Stones’ (Wearmouth, 2004) interview technique with six UASC. For Part Two of the research, a Collaborative Action Research (CAR) approach was used consisting of one cycle of three group supervision sessions with five professionals from Part One. Within the group supervision sessions, a Solution Circles framework was implemented and participants were encouraged to prepare cases to discuss and collaboratively problem solve. The benefits to supporting the needs of UASC by introducing professionals to the process of group supervision are also explored. Braun and Clarke’s (2006) interpretation of Thematic Analysis was employed across both phases as a method of data analysis. This enabled themes to be identified which emerged from the data. Two key findings were discovered to play a significant role in the UASC’s social and emotional wellbeing: the uncertainty of the UASC’s future in relation to their unresolved asylum status and their acquisition and fluency of English language. The latter is discussed in relation to how fully the students felt able to integrate and communicate their needs. Barriers to language also link closely to students accessing the curriculum and their experience of inclusion within the setting. An array of opportunities and challenges of supporting the social and emotional needs of UASC are outlined by school and college staff. Such findings include: recognising and identifying the social and emotional needs of UASC, a lack of experience and opportunities for staff training, challenges with inclusion and integration of UASC within the educational settings, funding and available resources, developing supportive and trusting relationships over time and forming social connections. Within the paper, these findings are explored in relation to Bronfenbrenner’s (1979; 1989) Ecological Systems Theory. Implications for educational professionals and for educational psychology practitioners are discussed.
3
Sjögren, Stella. "Att säga tulipanaros ... : svensklärares arbete och lärarutbildningens relevans för arbetet som svensklärare sett ur ett professionsperspektiv." Licentiate thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för kultur, språk och medier (KSM), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-7641.
Abstract:
This study is concerned with Swedish as a school subject, with teachers in Swedish and with the relevance of teacher training, all of which I discuss in the perspective of professionalism. When it comes to content, the Swedish subject is characterized by disruption. The informants describe different subjects, but communicative skills seem to be their most important objective. And among the informants the collective view on the Swedish subject is that of Swedish as Skills. Furthermore, the concept of integrated studies in secondary school is interpreted and construed in two different ways, formal subject integration and one that might be called “true” subject integration. The study also points to discrepancies between teacher education and the profession. One such discrepancy concerns the core of Swedish as a subject. Another concerns the teaching and responsibility of children with reading and writing disabilities and other states of difficulties, such as ADHD. The teachers in this study did not get such proficiency during teacher training, and this causes frustration and feelings of inadequacy. At the same time the Swedish educational authorities presuppose that this area is the concern of every teacher, and not solely the concern of teachers of the Swedish subject. The subject concept, the use and ideology of steering documents, subject integration as well as the status of teacher training are factors that seem to have an impact on the autonomy and status of teachers.
4
Henriksen, Julia, Paulina Henriksson, and Linn Wadsten. "We Are What We Buy : An exploratory study of how young Swedish consumers construct their identities through luxury consumption." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39855.
Abstract:
Abstract Problem: Previously, only few wealthy individuals had the opportunity to engage luxury consumption. Today, money and time is a lot more dispersed and thus give the regular citizen a chance to purchase luxury goods. Productivity and quality management has led to a growing production of luxury goods and has been spread to the mass population. Previous studies have proven that there is a relationship between possessions and identities, but lack research on younger consumers and their agendas for luxury consumption. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to explore how young consumers are using luxury consumption when constructing their identities and if this new group of luxury consumers consume luxury goods in a new way. Method: In order to fulfill the purpose of this thesis, an epistemological relativistic assumption has been made, and includes a qualitative exploratory research design with an inductive approach. The primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews, where participants had an interest in luxury consumption. Conclusion: Our findings suggests that there is a new group of young consumers who construct their identity through luxury consumption, based on the symbolic meanings and the perceived personal reward. This social group uses luxury consumption to conform with their preferred social references, but also to differentiate themselves. Certain possessions, interests and the environment an individual live in were all found to be important tools for young consumer when they construct their identity. “We are what we buy” has been proven to be a central concept in young consumers identity creation of this study.
5
Sanou, Issa. "Inégalités de richesse, prestations sociales et politiques environnementales en présence du statut social." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ASSA0011.
Abstract:
Le premier chapitre montre que le conformisme conduit à une réduction des inégalités de richesse, et même à un rattrapage, lorsqu’un ménage initialement riche travaille moins qu’un ménage initialement pauvre ; et qu’en plus le revenu supplémentaire acquis par le ménage initialement pauvre, en travaillant plus, correspond, plus précisément au surplus de richesse initialement détenu par le ménage riche. Le deuxième chapitre montre que les effets néfastes des prestations sociales sur l’offre de travail sont atténués par le comportement de recherche de statut social. Enfin, le chapitre 3 montre que toute politique environnementale, consistant à taxer les biens polluants et à utiliser les revenus de cette taxation pour subventionner la consommation des biens non polluants, entraîne une augmentation, à la fois, de l’emploi et de la qualité de l’environnement. Cependant, lorsque les biens polluants et les biens non polluants ne sont pas des substituts parfaits, l’augmentation du pouvoir d’achat résultant des subventions peut entraîner une augmentation de la consommation des biens polluantsThe first chapter shows that conformism leads to a reduction in wealth inequalities, and even to a catch-up, when an initially rich household works less than an initially poor household ; and that the additional income acquired by the initially poor household, by working more, corresponds, more precisely, to the wealth surplus initially held by the rich household. The second chapter shows that the negative effects of social benefits on labor supply are mitigated by status-seeking behavior. Finally, chapter 3 shows that any environmental policy, consisting of taxing polluting goods and using the revenues from this taxation to subsidize the consumption of non-polluting goods, leads to an increase in both employment and environmental quality. However, when polluting goods and non-polluting goods are not perfect substitutes, the increase in purchasing power resulting from subsidies may lead to an increase in the consumption of polluting goods
6
Geldard, Kathryn Mary. "Adolescent Peer Counselling." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16155/1/Kathryn_Geldard_Thesis.pdf.
Abstract:
Adolescent peer counselling as a social support strategy to assist adolescents to cope with stress in their peer group provides the focus for the present thesis. The prosocial behaviour of providing emotional and psychological support through the use of helping conversations by young people is examined. Current programs for training adolescent peer counsellors have failed to discover what skills adolescents bring to the helping conversation. They ignore, actively discourage, and censor, some typical adolescent conversational helping behaviours and idiosyncratic communication processes. Current programs for training adolescent peer counsellors rely on teaching microcounselling skills from adult counselling models. When using this approach, the adolescent peer helper training literature reports skill implementation, role attribution and status differences as being problematic for trained adolescent peer counsellors (Carr, 1984; de Rosenroll, 1988; Morey & Miller, 1993). For example Carr (1984) recognised that once core counselling skills have been reasonably mastered that young people " may feel awkward, mechanical or phoney" (p. 11) when trying to implement the new skills. Problematic issues with regard to role attribution and status differences appear to relate to the term 'peer counsellor' and its professional expectations, including training and duties (Anderson, 1976; Jacobs, Masson & Vass, 1976; Myrick, 1976). A particular concern of Peavy (1977) was that for too many people counselling was an acceptable label for advice giving and that the role of counsellor could imply professional status. De Rosenroll (1988) cautioned against creating miniature mirror images of counselling and therapeutic professionals in young people. However, he described a process whereby status difference is implied when a group of adolescent peer counsellors is trained and invited to participate in activities that require appropriate ethical guidelines including competencies, training, confidentiality and supervision. While Carr and Saunders (1981) suggest, "student resentment of the peer counsellor is not a problem" they go on to say, "this is not to say that the problem does not exist" (p. 21). The authors suggest that as a concern the problem can be minimised by making sure the peer counsellors are not 'forced' on the student body and by providing opportunities for peer counsellors to develop ways of managing resentment. De Rosenroll (1988) acknowledges that the adolescent peer counsellor relationship may fall within a paraprofessional framework in that a difference in status may be inferred from the differing life experiences of the peer counsellor when compared with their student peers.
The current project aimed to discover whether the issues of skill implementation, role attribution and status differences could be addressed so that adolescent peer counselling, a valuable social support resource, could be made more attractive to, and useful for adolescents.
The researcher's goal was to discover what young people typically do when they help each other conversationally, what they want to learn that would enhance their conversational helping behaviour, and how they experience and respond to their role as peer counsellor, and then to use the information obtained in the development of an adolescent-friendly peer counsellor training program. By doing this, the expectation was that the problematic issues cited in the literature could be addressed. Guided by an ethnographic framework the project also examined the influence of an adolescent-friendly peer counsellor training program on the non-peer counsellor students in the wider adolescent community of the high school.
Three sequential studies were undertaken. In Study 1, the typical adolescent conversational and communications skills that young people use when helping each other were identified. In addition, those microcounselling skills that young people found useful and compatible with their typical communication processes were identified. In Study 2, an intervention research process was used to develop, deliver, and evaluate an adolescent-friendly peer counsellor training program which combined typical adolescent helping behaviours with preferred counselling microskills selected by participants in Study 1. The intervention research paradigm was selected as the most appropriate methodology for this study because it is designed to provide an integrated perspective for understanding, developing, and examining the feasibility and effectiveness of innovative human services interventions (Bailey-Dempsey & Reid, 1996; Rothman & Thomas, 1994). Intervention research is typically conducted in a field setting in which researchers and practitioners work together to design and assess interventions. When applying intervention research methodology researchers and practitioners begin by selecting the problem they want to remedy, reviewing the literature, identifying criteria for appropriate and effective intervention, integrating the information into plans for the intervention and then testing the intervention to reveal the intervention's strengths and flaws. Researchers then suggest modifications to make the intervention more effective, and satisfying for participants. In the final stage of intervention research, researchers disseminate information about the intervention and make available manuals and other training materials developed along the way (Comer, Meier, & Galinsky, 2004). In Study 2 an adolescent-friendly peer counsellor training manual was developed. Study 3 evaluated the impact of the peer counsellor training longitudinally on the wider school community. In particular, the project was interested in whether exposure to trained peer counsellors influenced students who were not peer counsellors with regard to their perceptions of self-concept, the degree of use of specific coping strategies and on their perceptions of the school climate. Study three included the development of A School Climate Survey which focused on the psychosocial aspects of school climate from the student's perspective. Two factors which were significantly correlated (p<.01) were identified. Factor 1 measured students' perceptions of student relationships, and Factor 2 measured students' perceptions of teachers' relationships with students.
The present project provides confirmation of a number of findings that other studies have identified regarding the idiosyncratic nature of adolescent communication, and the conversational and relational behaviours of young people (Chan, 2001; Noller, Feeney, & Peterson, 2001; Papini & Farmer, 1990; Rafaelli & Duckett, 1989; Readdick & Mullis, 1997; Rotenberg, 1995; Turkstra, 2001; Worcel et al., 1999; Young et al., 1999). It extends this research by identifying the specific conversational characteristics that young people use in helping conversations.
The project confirmed the researcher's expectation that some counselling microskills currently used in training adolescent peer counsellors are not easy to use by adolescents and are considered by adolescents to be unhelpful. It also confirmed that some typical adolescent conversational helping behaviours which have been proscribed for use in other adolescent peer counsellor training programs are useful in adolescent peer counselling. The project conclusively demonstrated that the adolescent-friendly peer counsellor training program developed in the project overcame the difficulties of skill implementation identified in the adolescent peer counselling literature (Carr, 1984). The project identified for the first time the process used by adolescent peer counsellors to deal with issues related to role attribution and status difference.
The current project contributes new information to the peer counselling literature through the discovery of important differences between early adolescent and late adolescent peer counsellors with regard to acquiring and mastering counselling skills, and their response to role attribution and status difference issues among their peers following counsellor training. As a result of the substantive findings the current project makes a significant contribution to social support theory and prosocial theory and to the adolescent peer counselling literature. It extends the range of prosocial behaviours addressed in published research by specifically examining the conversational helping behaviour of adolescents from a relational perspective. The current project provides new information that contributes to knowledge of social support in the form of conversational behaviour among adolescents identifying the interactive, collaborative, reciprocal and idiosyncratic nature of helping conversations in adolescents. Tindall (1989) suggests that peer counsellor trainers explore a variety of ways to approach a single training model that can augment and supplement the training process to meet specific group needs. The current project responded to this suggestion by investigating which counselling skills and behaviours adolescent peer counsellor trainees preferred, were easy to use by them, and were familiar to them, and then by using an intervention research process, devised a training program which incorporated these skills and behaviours into a typical adolescent helping conversation.
A mixed method longitudinal design was used in an ecologically valid setting. The longitudinal nature of the design enabled statements about the process of the peer counsellors' experience to be made. The project combined qualitative and quantitative methods of data gathering. Qualitative data reflects the phenomenological experience of the adolescent peer counsellor and the researcher and quantitative data provides an additional platform from which to view the findings. The intervention research paradigm provided a developmental research method that is appropriate for practice research. The intervention research model is more flexible than conventional experimental designs, capitalises on the availability of small samples, accommodates the dynamism and variation in practice conditions and diverse populations, and explicitly values the insights of the researcher as a practitioner. The project combines intervention research with involvement of the researcher in the project thus enabling the researcher to view and report the findings through her own professional and practice lens.
7
Geldard, Kathryn Mary. "Adolescent Peer Counselling." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16155/.
Abstract:
Adolescent peer counselling as a social support strategy to assist adolescents to cope with stress in their peer group provides the focus for the present thesis. The prosocial behaviour of providing emotional and psychological support through the use of helping conversations by young people is examined. Current programs for training adolescent peer counsellors have failed to discover what skills adolescents bring to the helping conversation. They ignore, actively discourage, and censor, some typical adolescent conversational helping behaviours and idiosyncratic communication processes. Current programs for training adolescent peer counsellors rely on teaching microcounselling skills from adult counselling models. When using this approach, the adolescent peer helper training literature reports skill implementation, role attribution and status differences as being problematic for trained adolescent peer counsellors (Carr, 1984; de Rosenroll, 1988; Morey & Miller, 1993). For example Carr (1984) recognised that once core counselling skills have been reasonably mastered that young people " may feel awkward, mechanical or phoney" (p. 11) when trying to implement the new skills. Problematic issues with regard to role attribution and status differences appear to relate to the term 'peer counsellor' and its professional expectations, including training and duties (Anderson, 1976; Jacobs, Masson & Vass, 1976; Myrick, 1976). A particular concern of Peavy (1977) was that for too many people counselling was an acceptable label for advice giving and that the role of counsellor could imply professional status. De Rosenroll (1988) cautioned against creating miniature mirror images of counselling and therapeutic professionals in young people. However, he described a process whereby status difference is implied when a group of adolescent peer counsellors is trained and invited to participate in activities that require appropriate ethical guidelines including competencies, training, confidentiality and supervision. While Carr and Saunders (1981) suggest, "student resentment of the peer counsellor is not a problem" they go on to say, "this is not to say that the problem does not exist" (p. 21). The authors suggest that as a concern the problem can be minimised by making sure the peer counsellors are not 'forced' on the student body and by providing opportunities for peer counsellors to develop ways of managing resentment. De Rosenroll (1988) acknowledges that the adolescent peer counsellor relationship may fall within a paraprofessional framework in that a difference in status may be inferred from the differing life experiences of the peer counsellor when compared with their student peers. The current project aimed to discover whether the issues of skill implementation, role attribution and status differences could be addressed so that adolescent peer counselling, a valuable social support resource, could be made more attractive to, and useful for adolescents. The researcher's goal was to discover what young people typically do when they help each other conversationally, what they want to learn that would enhance their conversational helping behaviour, and how they experience and respond to their role as peer counsellor, and then to use the information obtained in the development of an adolescent-friendly peer counsellor training program. By doing this, the expectation was that the problematic issues cited in the literature could be addressed. Guided by an ethnographic framework the project also examined the influence of an adolescent-friendly peer counsellor training program on the non-peer counsellor students in the wider adolescent community of the high school. Three sequential studies were undertaken. In Study 1, the typical adolescent conversational and communications skills that young people use when helping each other were identified. In addition, those microcounselling skills that young people found useful and compatible with their typical communication processes were identified. In Study 2, an intervention research process was used to develop, deliver, and evaluate an adolescent-friendly peer counsellor training program which combined typical adolescent helping behaviours with preferred counselling microskills selected by participants in Study 1. The intervention research paradigm was selected as the most appropriate methodology for this study because it is designed to provide an integrated perspective for understanding, developing, and examining the feasibility and effectiveness of innovative human services interventions (Bailey-Dempsey & Reid, 1996; Rothman & Thomas, 1994). Intervention research is typically conducted in a field setting in which researchers and practitioners work together to design and assess interventions. When applying intervention research methodology researchers and practitioners begin by selecting the problem they want to remedy, reviewing the literature, identifying criteria for appropriate and effective intervention, integrating the information into plans for the intervention and then testing the intervention to reveal the intervention's strengths and flaws. Researchers then suggest modifications to make the intervention more effective, and satisfying for participants. In the final stage of intervention research, researchers disseminate information about the intervention and make available manuals and other training materials developed along the way (Comer, Meier, & Galinsky, 2004). In Study 2 an adolescent-friendly peer counsellor training manual was developed. Study 3 evaluated the impact of the peer counsellor training longitudinally on the wider school community. In particular, the project was interested in whether exposure to trained peer counsellors influenced students who were not peer counsellors with regard to their perceptions of self-concept, the degree of use of specific coping strategies and on their perceptions of the school climate. Study three included the development of A School Climate Survey which focused on the psychosocial aspects of school climate from the student's perspective. Two factors which were significantly correlated (p<.01) were identified. Factor 1 measured students' perceptions of student relationships, and Factor 2 measured students' perceptions of teachers' relationships with students. The present project provides confirmation of a number of findings that other studies have identified regarding the idiosyncratic nature of adolescent communication, and the conversational and relational behaviours of young people (Chan, 2001; Noller, Feeney, & Peterson, 2001; Papini & Farmer, 1990; Rafaelli & Duckett, 1989; Readdick & Mullis, 1997; Rotenberg, 1995; Turkstra, 2001; Worcel et al., 1999; Young et al., 1999). It extends this research by identifying the specific conversational characteristics that young people use in helping conversations. The project confirmed the researcher's expectation that some counselling microskills currently used in training adolescent peer counsellors are not easy to use by adolescents and are considered by adolescents to be unhelpful. It also confirmed that some typical adolescent conversational helping behaviours which have been proscribed for use in other adolescent peer counsellor training programs are useful in adolescent peer counselling. The project conclusively demonstrated that the adolescent-friendly peer counsellor training program developed in the project overcame the difficulties of skill implementation identified in the adolescent peer counselling literature (Carr, 1984). The project identified for the first time the process used by adolescent peer counsellors to deal with issues related to role attribution and status difference. The current project contributes new information to the peer counselling literature through the discovery of important differences between early adolescent and late adolescent peer counsellors with regard to acquiring and mastering counselling skills, and their response to role attribution and status difference issues among their peers following counsellor training. As a result of the substantive findings the current project makes a significant contribution to social support theory and prosocial theory and to the adolescent peer counselling literature. It extends the range of prosocial behaviours addressed in published research by specifically examining the conversational helping behaviour of adolescents from a relational perspective. The current project provides new information that contributes to knowledge of social support in the form of conversational behaviour among adolescents identifying the interactive, collaborative, reciprocal and idiosyncratic nature of helping conversations in adolescents. Tindall (1989) suggests that peer counsellor trainers explore a variety of ways to approach a single training model that can augment and supplement the training process to meet specific group needs. The current project responded to this suggestion by investigating which counselling skills and behaviours adolescent peer counsellor trainees preferred, were easy to use by them, and were familiar to them, and then by using an intervention research process, devised a training program which incorporated these skills and behaviours into a typical adolescent helping conversation. A mixed method longitudinal design was used in an ecologically valid setting. The longitudinal nature of the design enabled statements about the process of the peer counsellors' experience to be made. The project combined qualitative and quantitative methods of data gathering. Qualitative data reflects the phenomenological experience of the adolescent peer counsellor and the researcher and quantitative data provides an additional platform from which to view the findings. The intervention research paradigm provided a developmental research method that is appropriate for practice research. The intervention research model is more flexible than conventional experimental designs, capitalises on the availability of small samples, accommodates the dynamism and variation in practice conditions and diverse populations, and explicitly values the insights of the researcher as a practitioner. The project combines intervention research with involvement of the researcher in the project thus enabling the researcher to view and report the findings through her own professional and practice lens.
8
Sellers, Jennifer Guinn. "Testosterone and status seeking." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2642.
9
Marlier, Grant Alexander. "Expanding the circle of protection: the evolution of use of force norms within the UN Security Council." Thesis, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/15148.
Abstract:
During the past decade, a significant change in use of force norms took place within the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). The United Nations (UN) is founded on a collective security agreement, which gives the UNSC the power to authorize the use of force to protect UN member-states. The UN Charter explicitly provides the UNSC with a mandate to keep peace between states, not within them. In 2006, however, the UNSC unanimously adopted the "Responsibility to Protect" (R2P) doctrine, which expanded what I call the UNSC's circle of protection to include "human protection." Further, in exceptional circumstances, R2P gives the UNSC the power to authorize the use of force in a country without the consent of its government. Many UNSC members initially resisted institutionalizing R2P, especially those with contested territory and a history of foreign intervention, such as China. This dissertation attempts to explain how and why this change in use of force norms developed. I argue this macro-level change was principally due to two often overlooked factors: an epistemic community pushing the Council to become more empathetic and altruistic, and Council members wanting to gain social status. In order to adequately explain the development of R2P you must explain the significant role the epistemic community played. And to adequately explain the significance of the epistemic community you must explain the significant role empathy played. Further, to sufficiently explain the UNSC's decision to adopt R2P you must explain the significance of China's acceptance. And to sufficiently explain China's acceptance you must explain the significant role status-seeking played. Explanations for the adoption of R2P that do not acknowledge the significant role of empathy and social influence are incomplete and insufficient. Although others have argued emotion and social influence are important causal variables in international relations, few offer specific mechanisms or micro-processes demonstrating how these factors work. This dissertation attempts to fill this gap. The implications are that empathy and status-seeking matter far more to international relations than many suggest.
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Rocha, Bruno Miguel Correia. "A Nation in a World: The Echoes of the Representations of the "German Nation" Internacional Status-Seeking Practices." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/115964.
Abstract:
Esta investigação tem como principal argumento que diferentes representações da ‘nação alemã’ ressoam nas práticas de procura de um estatuto internacional, contribuindo para a desconstrução da premissa de que processos domésticos e internacionais devem ser separados no estudo das Relações Internacionais (RI). Ao invés, esta dissertação, inspirada na gramática sociológica do sociólogo francês, Pierre Bourdieu, e na ‘viragem da prática’, argumenta que estes processos estão inerentemente relacionados, porque qualquer agente, seja um ‘estado-nação’, nasce dentro de um jogo social que já decorre, o ‘campo transnacional do poder’. Neste ‘jogo duplo’, os líderes dos Estados olham para dentro, mas também competem uns com os outros, pelo ‘poder’ de definir o princípio legítimo de divisão e legitimação (um nomos), enquanto doxa incontestável da política mundial. Neste sentido, se uma representação da ‘nação alemã’, uma categoria simbólica que é objetivada e subjetivada em estruturas mentais, na história internalizada, dos agentes, muda – isto é, se os elementos constitutivos (e.g. natureza introvertida) acoplados se transformam –, então, a maneira como os líderes alemães procuram estatuto internacional irá mudar concordantemente; tal como a intensidade das preocupações em torno de um estatuto internacional nas narrativas nacionais, no esforço incessante de fazer coincidir as representações ao estatuto internacional reconhecido intersubjetivamente. O último, como será proposto, deverá ser compreendido como uma matéria de “distinção”, um traço intrínseco da política internacional, a qual parece estratificada em vários campos sociais, do que anárquica, como as abordagens mainstreans das RI tendem a retratar. Para compreender o processo de construir, imaginar ou inventar, a ‘nação alemã’, este contributo avança um modelo de análise, teórico e heurístico, do nacionalismo. O nacionalismo é entendido como uma prática, que mobiliza e reproduz a categoria da ‘nação’, inventada por intelectuais (em particular, académicos e historiadores), os quais, sendo dominados-dominantes, são coniventes com os líderes de Estado, i.e. os dominadores-dominantes. Só apreendendo a discussão intelectual em torno da ‘nação alemã’, que inclui sempre uma dimensão externa – isto é, não só a posição que a ‘nação’ detém em relação a outras ‘nações’, mas também a natureza dessas relações em si mesmas –, se pode compreender a sua ligação ao Estado, que precisa da primeira para manter a estabilidade da ordem doméstica e, além disso, para justificar e legitimar as práticas de procura de um estatuto internacional. Pese embora as últimas se relacionem, ainda, com o ‘sentido prático internacional’, denotado pela doxa consolidada. Esta dissertação foca-se no caso alemão, um único estudo de caso, ainda que alargado por uma análise diacrónica desde as primeiras discussões da ‘nação alemã’, até ao final da Segunda Guerra Mundial, quando o nacionalismo dos líderes e intelectuais alemães foi responsável pela transformação dos elementos acoplados à categoria simbólica da ‘nação alemã’. Não obstante, a dissertação argumenta que as preocupações com um estatuto internacional continuaram a ser processos presentes, e que o projeto de integração europeia deve ser entendido como um eco da ideia de que as reconstruções da Europa e da Alemanha eram duas faces da mesma moeda, como a análise dos minutos parlamentares do Bundestag ilustra.This research is built on the core argument that different representations of the ‘German nation’ resonate in international status-seeking practices, thus, contributing for the deconstruction of the premise that domestic and international processes should be separate in the study of International Relations (IR). Instead, this dissertation, that draws from the sociological grammar of the French sociologist, Pierre Bourdieu and IR’s Practice-Turn, argues that these processes are inherently interrelated, because every agent, as a ‘nation-state’ is born within the already on-going social game of the ‘transnational field of power’. In this ‘double game’, state leaders look to the inside, but also compete against each other, for the ‘power’ to define the legitimate principle of division and legitimation (a nomos), as the unquestioned doxa of world politics. In this sense, if the representation of the ‘German nation’, a symbolic category that is ‘objectified’, and ‘subjectified’ in the mental structures, in the internalized history, of national agents, changes – that is, if the constitutive elements (e.g. introvert nature) attached to it are transformed –, then, the manner according to which German leaders seek international status will change accordingly; as will the intensity of international status concerns in national narratives, in the incessant attempt to make those representations equate to the intersubjectively recognised international status. The latter, as will be proposed, should be understood as a matter of “distinction”, an intrinsic trait of international politics, which seems rather stratified by manifold social fields, rather than anarchic, as IR mainstream accounts tend to portray. To understand the process of constructing, imagining or inventing, the ‘German nation’, this work advances a theoretical, heuristic model of analysis of nationalism. Nationalism is understood as a practice, which mobilises and in fact reproduces the category of ‘nation’, invented by intellectuals (especially, scholars or historians), who, being dominated dominants, are connivant with the state leaders, i.e. the dominant dominants. Only by grasping the intellectual discussion of the ‘German nation’, which always entails an external dimension – that is, not only the position that the ‘nation’ detains in relation to other ‘nations’, but also the nature of that relations themselves –, could one understand its bond to the state, which needs the former to maintain the stability of the domestic order and, moreover, to justify and legitimate its international status-seeking practices. These yet, nonetheless, relate, too, to the ‘international practical sense’ denoted by the consolidated doxa. The dissertation focuses on the German case, a single case study, yet through a diachronic analysis extended since the first discussions of a ‘German nation’, until the end of the Second World War, when German leaders and intellectuals’ nationalism was responsible for the transformation of the elements attached to the symbolic category of the ‘German nation’. Nevertheless, the dissertation argues that international status concerns continued to be everpresent processes, and the European integration project should be grasped as a resonance of the idea that the reconstruction of Europe and Germany were two faces of the same coin, as the analysis of Bundestag minutes illustrates.
Books on the topic "Social status-seeking":
1
Andrew, Bradstock, Trotman Arlington, and Churches Together in Britain and Ireland., eds. Asylum voices: Experiences of people seeking asylum in the United Kingdom. London: Churches Together in Britain and Ireland, 2003.
2
Reilly, Niamh. Women's human rights: Seeking gender justice in a globalizing age. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 2009.
3
Reilly, Niamh. Women's human rights: Seeking gender justice in a globalizing age. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 2009.
4
Fiske, Jo-Anne. Seeking alternatives to Bill C-31: From cultural trauma to cultural revitalization through customary law. Ottawa: Status of Women Canada, 2006.
5
Sanderson, Laurie J. Feminine alienation in education: Seeking a redressing of the status quo. 1999.
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Liesen, Laurette T. Feminist and Evolutionary Perspectives of Female-Female Competition, Status Seeking, and Social Network Formation. Edited by Maryanne L. Fisher. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199376377.013.8.
Abstract:
During the 1980s and 1990s, feminist evolutionists were instrumental in demonstrating that primate females, including girls and women, can be aggressive and seek status within their groups. Building on their insights, researchers from across disciplines have found that females use a variety of direct and indirect tactics as they pursue their reproductive success. To better understand women’s aggression and status seeking, one also must examine their social networks. Women must not only deal with the dynamics within their groups, they also must deal with pressures from other groups. Success in maintaining connections in one’s social network is vital for access to the various resources women need for their own reproductive success and to keep competitors in check. Overall, women’s social networks, while serving both supportive and competitive functions, profoundly impact on the reproductive future of women and especially the survival and future reproductive strategies of their children.
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Chryssochoou, Xenia. Social Justice in Multicultural Europe: A Social Psychological Perspective. Edited by Phillip L. Hammack. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199938735.013.18.
Abstract:
Informed by Social Representations and Social Identity theories, this chapter argues that investigation of justice issues in multicultural Europe requires focusing on the ideological context in which justice is pursued or obstructed. Following Touraine (2005), it argues that two social representations of societal organization coexist in Europe with different implications for status, values, and justice attribution: one that organizes society and builds hierarchies in terms of merit; and another that organizes society according to cultural differences and to group membership. The use of each representation implies different criteria for distributive and procedural justice and emphasizes conflicts based on different memberships. A representation of society following a cultural order might hide the class membership of migrants and obstruct their individual mobility. Unable to fight in terms of class, migrants’ sole opportunity for seeking justice and equal treatment is to fight collectively by adopting an ethno-cultural or religious identity.
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Light, Ryan, and James Moody, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Social Networks. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190251765.001.0001.
Abstract:
Social networks fundamentally shape our lives. Networks channel the ways that information, emotions, and diseases flow through populations. Networks reflect differences in power and status in settings ranging from small peer groups to international relations across the globe. Network tools even provide insights into the ways that concepts, ideas and other socially generated contents shape culture and meaning. As such, the rich and diverse field of social network analysis has emerged as a central tool across the social sciences. This Handbook provides an overview of the theory, methods, and substantive contributions of this field. The thirty-three chapters move through the basics of social network analysis aimed at those seeking an introduction to advanced and novel approaches to modeling social networks statistically. The Handbook includes chapters on data collection and visualization, theoretical innovations, links between networks and computational social science, and how social network analysis has contributed substantively across numerous fields. As networks are everywhere in social life, the field is inherently interdisciplinary and this Handbook includes contributions from leading scholars in sociology, archaeology, economics, statistics, and information science among others.
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Bhugra, Dinesh, Antonio Ventriglio, and Kamaldeep S. Bhui. Therapeutic encounters. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198723196.003.0002.
Abstract:
When individuals experience distress, they try to make sense of this and, in the first instance, may seek help from personal, folk, or social sectors. If these interventions do not work, they will contact the professional sector. It is likely that the healthcare system will direct their help-seeking behaviour. In addition, the explanatory models they have will direct them into help-seeking accordingly. Once therapeutic interaction has started, the explanatory models of the individuals, their families, carers, and those of the clinician will affect therapeutic engagement. Race, gender, social status, education, and economic status will all affect explanatory models and where individuals seek help. If different from that of the patient, the culture of the clinician will affect therapeutic alliance. Working with interpreters requires training if the primary language of the patient differs from that of the healthcare professional.
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Larsson, Tomas. The Rise of the Organic Foods Movement as a Transnational Phenomenon. Edited by Ronald J. Herring. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195397772.013.001.
Abstract:
This article examines the rise of the organic foods movement to a position of power and influence around the world. The movement’s rise is attributed to the efficacy of “organic” as a mobilizing frame for a social movement, as well as to the institutional opportunities offered by states and international organizations. The article also discusses the organic foods movement as a model for other social movements seeking to attain transnational status.
Book chapters on the topic "Social status-seeking":
1
Sarkar, Amar, Pranjal H. Mehta, and Robert A. Josephs. "The dual-hormone approach to dominance and status-seeking." In Routledge International Handbook of Social Neuroendocrinology, 113–32. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315200439-8.
2
Blake, Khandis, and Robert C. Brooks. "Income Inequality and Reproductive Competition: Implications for Consumption, Status-Seeking, and Women’s Self-Sexualization." In The Social Psychology of Inequality, 173–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28856-3_11.
3
Khan, Hina, and Padmali Rodrigo. "Seeking Country of Origin Information as an Indicator of Social Status to Make Egoistical Purchase Decisions." In The Sustainable Global Marketplace, 248–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10873-5_140.
4
Bratanova, Boyka, Juliette Summers, Shuting Liu, and Christin-Melanie Vauclair. "A Rising Tide Lifts Some Boats, but Leaves Many Others Behind: The Harms of Inequality-Induced Status Seeking and the Remedial Effects of Employee Ownership." In The Social Psychology of Inequality, 67–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28856-3_5.
5
Halabi, Samer, and Arie Nadler. "The Intergroup Status as Helping Relations Model: Giving, Seeking and Receiving Help as Tools to Maintain or Challenge Social Inequality." In Intergroup Helping, 205–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53026-0_10.
6
Lorgat, Aisha. "“No, We Are Not Fighting Against Foreign Workers and We’ll Never Fight Against Foreign Workers”: Trade Unions and Migrant Rights." In IMISCOE Research Series, 247–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92114-9_17.
Abstract:
AbstractInternational human rights instruments do not explicitly include protection of undocumented migrants, but arguments for their inclusion are made on both normative and pragmatic basis. These denizens are often prevented from accessing rights de facto due to social practices, even when they are accorded de jure rights through legislation. As a result, the overwhelming majority of migrants are faced with limited options, have little voice, and have to make a living among and as part of the precariat. After 1994, South Africa was increasingly seen as a favourable destination for migrants seeking asylum and/or economic opportunities. Migrants are perceived as serving as a reserve of labour that is highly flexible, easily exploited, and unlikely to seek legal recourse for violations of labour law or to join a trade union. This labour market effect is particularly apparent and problematic in host countries with pre-existing high unemployment rates. As official workers representatives trade unions have a major role to play in recognising and mitigating the dangers inherent in dividing workers into citizens and denizens. Trade unions themselves though are in decline, with union density rates falling largely as a result of increasing use of non-standard employment arrangements by employers. Trade unions find it extremely difficult to access and organise these atypical workers, many of whom are migrants. The research for this chapter considered official union publications as well as interviews with trade union officials in the construction sector in Cape Town to assess trade unions responsiveness to migrant rights claims. Migrants are generally located in the periphery due to their more vulnerable status, and this position in the labour market renders their claims to rights and the role of trade unions in supporting these claims more difficult but equally necessary.
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Ibrahim, Faizul. "Food Choices and the Malay Muslim Middle Class in Brunei Darussalam." In (Re)presenting Brunei Darussalam, 69–86. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6059-8_5.
Abstract:
AbstractThis chapter examines the middle class in Brunei Darussalam through an exploration of their everyday food choices. In doing so, I investigate middle-class food consumption and eating habits both at home and when eating out. While Brunei is a socially stratified society, this research suggests that being middle class is more than just expressing status-seeking behaviour or material aspirations. Rather, the analysis proposes that a middle-class status is also reflected in food-related behaviour, attitudes and feelings such as nostalgia, fondness and affection for meals and mealtimes. A significant middle class certainly exists and it continues to shape the fabric of Brunei society.
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Kalish, Charles W. "Status Seeking." In Navigating the Social World, 216–19. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199890712.003.0039.
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McPherson, Lionel K. "Seeking Separate Social Status." In The Afterlife of Race, 118–24. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197626849.003.0019.
Abstract:
Abstract Outside of formal recognition, American multiracial advocacy presses the argument that people should feel free to espouse a multiracial identity they believe fits their mixed-raceness. This section explores how the theme of racial alienation looms large in multiracialism. “Agential respect” for personal choice of color-conscious identity is defended. While philosopher Ronald Sundstrom believes that not extending separate social recognition to multiracials is akin to asking them to hide who they are, he worries about a “mulatto escape hatch” that allows lighter-skinned “people of color” to climb up from monoracial nonwhiteness. As conscientious multiracials, they would have to push back against their access to relative skin-color privilege. Multiracialism advertises a remedy for racial alienation from self and others, not a cover for evasion about color-conscious social hierarchy.
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"Desperately Seeking Status: Class, Gender, and Social Anxiety in Postwar Hollywood Comedy." In Class, Language, and American Film Comedy, 125–54. Cambridge University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511606342.006.
Conference papers on the topic "Social status-seeking":
1
Chaiyasoonthorn, Wornchanok, and Watanyoo Suksa-ngiam. "The acceptance of social network: The role of status seeking on TAM." In 2017 10th International Conference on Human System Interactions (HSI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hsi.2017.8005049.
2
Li, Yang, Tinghu Kang, and Jiandong Guo. "The Relationship Between Subjective Socioeconomic Status and Job-Seeking Self-Efficacy: The Mediating Role of Pressure." In 7th International Conference on Social Science and Higher Education (ICSSHE 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211122.097.
3
Kartiwi, Mira, Teddy Surya Gunawan, Jamalludin Ab Rahman, and Faiswal Kasirye. "A Conceptual Paper on The Influence of Social-Economic Status on Attitude Towards Online Health Information Seeking Behavior: A Malaysian Context." In 2020 8th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/citsm50537.2020.9268800.
4
Dubyoski, Jodi. "Putting Participation into Practice: Strategies for Evolving Architecture." In Schools of Thought Conference. University of Oklahoma, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/11244/335072.
Abstract:
For decades, schools of architecture have included hands-on education in their curricula in the form of design-build studios; often these studio experiences are guided by a social mission and employ participatory methods. In other cases, university community design centers provide opportunities for students to engage with community members on real-world projects. My own academic experience (which was far from unusual) involved the former, beginning with a summer studio focused on asset-based community development and participatory engagement framed within a design-build experience that launched me on a career-long path. Being confronted with a profession that conducts business as usual while academia is grooming a generation of socially responsible architects is jarring for new graduates . Today’s professionals approaching mid-career are unsatisfied with outdated business models that do not address contemporary concerns about social impact. Barriers to participatory engagement in practice include hourly billing that discourages clients from commissioning non-mandatory stakeholder engagement, as well as a culture of pro-bono work that ultimately accelerates burnout and devalues professional services. New ways of thinking require new ways of doing business. Today’s practitioners are seeking more sustainable methods of integrating the participatory strategies they employed in academia into contemporary practice. Drawing on extensive research conducted on the history of community design during my Master of Architecture, and using illustrations from my own path—from a student during the post-Katrina era to owning a community design practice—I propose strategies for challenging current models of practice. Specifically, I demonstrate how my current work with private landowners and nonprofit economic development groups incorporates participatory methods learned during my academic experience, borrowing from an interdisciplinary range of sources, including anthropology, sociology, and planning, as well as others who are disrupting the status quo of delivering creative services.
5
Xinting, Liang. "The Trajectory of Collective Life: The Ideal and Practice of New Village in Tianjin, 1920s-1950s." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4026pt85d.
Abstract:
Originated from New Village Ideal in Japan, New Village was introduced to China in the early 1920s and became a byword for social reform program. Many residential designs or projects whose name includes the term “Village” or “New Village” had been completed in China since that time. This paper uses the Textual Criticism method to sort out the introduction and translation of New Village Ideal theory in China, and to compare the physical space, life organization and concepts of the New Village practices in ROC with in early PRC of Tianjin. It is found that the term “New Village” continued to be used across several historical periods, showing very similar spatial images. But the construction and usage of New Village and the meaning of collective life changed somewhat under different political positions and social circumstances: New Village gradually became an urban collective residential area which only bore the living function since it was introduced into modern China. The goal of its practice changed from building an equal autonomy to building a new field of power operation, a new discourse of social improvement and a new way for profit-seeking capital. With the change of state regime, the construction had entered a climax stage. New Village then became the symbol of the rising political and social status of the working class, and the link between the change of urban nature and spatial development. Socialism collective life and the temporal and spatial separation or combination between production and live constructed the collective conscience and identity of residents. The above findings highlight the independence of architecture history from general history, help to examine the complexity of China’s localization New Village practice and the uniqueness of Tianjin’s urban history, and provide new ideas for the study of China’s modern urban housing development from the perspective of changes in daily life organization.
6
Čeč, Dragica. "Complex legal and political use of right of domicile in the late Habsburg Monarchy." In Decade of decadence: 1914–1924 spaces, societies and belongings in the Adriatic borderland in historical comparison. Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče Koper, Annales ZRS, Slovenija, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35469/978-961-7195-46-0_01.
Abstract:
Modern citizenship embodies a triad of dimensions: a legal status granting rights, a principle underpinning democratic self-governance, and a conception of collective identity and membership [Joppke 2010]. This nuancedconcept of citizenship was partially introduced to the successor states following the dissolution of the Habsburg Monarchy. In the 19th century, the right of domicile (Heimatrecht) exhibited certain characteristics akin to modern citizenship but also served as a “technology” [Cruikshank 1999] for the practical management of mobility, encompassing both impoverished individuals and migrant workers. Political debates and policies regarding mobile populations during this period were pulled in two conflicting directions. On one side, there was a drive to control and secure the movement of these “dangerous” population groups. On the other, there was a need to meet labor demands, which necessitated greater freedoms [cf. Foucault 2007]. Immigrant men and women, particularly those experiencing temporary unemployment, improper behavior, incapacity to work, poverty, chronic illness, or those seeking access to local, municipal, and provincial politics, faced discrimination based on the right of domicile. They were often subjected to close scrutiny by municipal authorities and native-born residents. A change of residence within the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy could lead to an individual’s perception of themselves, and by others, as foreigners, regardless of the high mobility and multicultural nature of urban centers such as Vienna and Trieste. Nevertheless, the concept of “foreignness” is a variable construct, changing according to political, economic, and social circumstances and networks. Following the dissolution of the Habsburg Monarchy, the exclusionary tools of pertinency automatically granted citizenship to certain individuals, irrespective of their workplace or long absence from their domicile municipality. However, this right of pertinence also caused significant social trauma across post-Habsburg Europe, leaving many at risk of statelessness (Kirch-ner-Reill et al.). Despite the extensive and varied application of the right of domicile in different social contexts within the late 19th-century Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, some recent historical analyses reduce its meaning to a mere “legal mechanism that communities used to avoid the costs and presence of persons considered socially undesirable.”
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Roberts, Bryony, Lindsay Harkema, and Lori Brown. "Spatializing Reproductive Justice." In 112th ACSA Annual Meeting. ACSA Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.112.42.
Abstract:
Coined in 1994 by a caucus of Black women activists, reproductive justice is the “human right to maintain personal bodily autonomy, have children, not have children, and parent the children we have in safe and sustainable communities”.1 After the overturn of Roe v. Wade, access to reproductive healthcare is radically restricted across the U.S., compounding systemic race, gender, and class-based inequities that have always made healthcare inaccessible for many. The landmark Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization decision in 2022 rolled back nearly 50 years of reproductive rights protections and unleashed a plethora of laws that make it more difficult to access reproductive health care, riskier to assist those seeking care, and precarious to teach about issues of race, gender, and sexuality. As stated in the dissenting opinion by Justices Breyer, Sotomayor, and Kagan, “Whatever the exact scope of the coming laws, one result of today’s decision is certain: the curtailment of women’s rights, and of their status as free and equal citizens.”2 In the U.S. today, bodily autonomy and academic freedom are geographically situated. Within this context of curtailed freedoms, architects and educators must confront the spatial realities of these restrictions. New dialogues must emerge at architecture’s intersectional edges – between designers, activists, social justice advocates, legal experts, public health practitioners, and students – to explore how the built environment can better support human lives.
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Rocha, Alice Hueb Castanheira, Victorya Gomes de Souza, Paula de Freitas Ribeiro, and André Luiz Guimarães de Queiroz. "Perception of quality of life between different genders in patients with multiple sclerosis." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.401.
Abstract:
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, demyelinating, inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Quality of life (QoL) is significantly impaired in patients with MS. Motor disability only partially explains the reduction in QoL, as symptoms such as depression, fatigue and mood disorders also exert influence. Several characteristics in a patient with MS have been associated with worse QoL, including advanced age, late diagnosis and progressive form of the disease. Objective: We evaluated in this review possible impacts of gender on QoL. Methods: The database PubMed was searched for studies indexed from the year 2000 with the following descriptors: multiple sclerosis, quality of life, gender, sex. Results: The impact of the reduction in QoL is worse for men than for women with MS in relation to motor function, vitality, sociability, emotional well-being and mental health. Men seems to have a greater cognitive decline, with worsening performance in verbal memory and executive function. Interestingly, gender and marital status can influence social support. Women had more support networks as they reported better availability from friends than from their male caregivers. It was also noted that men without a spouse feel less social support. Regarding non-motor symptoms, women feel more pain and have a higher prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety disorders. However, regarding sphincter and sexual disorders, the impact on QoL is greater in men. Women with high motor disability seem to maintain psychological well-being better than male patients. Conclusion: Men seeking help later may be a factor influencing the natural history of MS. The diagnosis of a chronic disease for men seems to be faced differently due to cultural factors. The different impact of disabilities between genders makes us understand that the management must be specific for each sex to better meet the needs of patients.
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Stoicescu, Maria, and Cosima Rughinis. "LEARNING ABOUT SELF AND SOCIETY THROUGH ONLINE DATING PLATFORMS." In eLSE 2020. University Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-20-239.
Abstract:
People develop their identities and self-knowledge through constant presentation of self in situations of everyday interaction. In this paper we study strategies of learning about self and society through participation in the online dating platform Tinder, and in digital communities dedicated to collective reflection on this experience. Through an exploratory research based on observation and on content analysis on several online platforms, we identify stages of learning on a social trajectory from novice to methodical and to expert participant, and we illustrate how learning about one's self involves at the same time learning about others and the medium of interaction in which presentation and validation take place. As Erving Goffman demonstrated, the presentation of self in everyday life is a highly organized activity in which people pursue others' validation. Invalidation can be painful and humiliating, possibly leading to degradation of one's status and to specific coping mechanisms. The increasing frequency of self-presentation in digitally mediated situations introduces novel processes in how people learn about themselves and others. Building a profile, seeking validation in the form of "likes" or "followers" or swipes to the right on Tinder, dealing with rejection when validation fails to materialize in the expected form or quantity, have become common activities for people across generations. Correspondingly, people ask for and give advice as to how to best present oneself and how to deal with rejection, on blogs, forums, Q&A platforms, books and other media. Technologically mediated interaction leads to metric forms of validation, as users count the likes and matches they receive and optimize self-presentations to achieve desired numbers, among others. Digital platforms also make possible the gathering of digital traces about oneself and others and the interpretation of data - from personal self-tracking to wider exercises of observation and analysis of communities. People who are active on Tinder learn how to interpret profiles and numbers that are specific to this platform, how to react when metrics are disappointing and how to fine tune their self-presentation. Knowledge about oneself is intimately related to knowledge about the digital platform mechanisms, its incentives and mechanics, and to knowledge about other users' strategies. We illustrate how Tinder encourages reflexivity about one's dating skills and erotic capital while at the same time encouraging a systemic understanding of online dating as a social game with specific technological incentives, that continuously change the field of intimate interaction.
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Yoskovich, Avraham. "Meshamdutho and Meshumad le-Teavon: Motivation of Evil Doers in Syriac-Aramaic and Hebrew Terminological-Conceptual Traditions." In GLOCAL Conference on Mediterranean and European Linguistic Anthropology Linguistic Anthropology 2022. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/comela22.1-7.
Abstract:
Language can mirror relationships throughout and between communities, while it enables connections and separation simultaneously. Jewish and Christian communities had a close but complicated relationship in the late antique-early Islamic period in Babylon (the fertile crescent). That relationship included similar dialects of Aramaic: Jewish Babylonian Aramaic and Christian Syriac Aramaic. My study describes changes and developments in the status of an apostate (Heb. Meshumad) in the Jewish literature of late antiquity, by examining terminological variations. In this presentation, I wish to present the Syriac developments and to compare the two, in order to better conceptualize the mutual process in one terminological and conceptual case. One such case is the defining of the apostate, not only by his apparent wrong doing, but also by seeking his motivation to act. According to that model, if an evil act originated from his desire or lewdness, he should be judged in a more containing manner than if it had originated by rage or theological purpose. This was phrased in Hebrew by the words Meshumad le-Teavon ‘apostate out of desire.’ The second word le-Teavon (for (his) desire), is a predicate added to the basic ancient term Meshumad, ‘apostate.’ This model and new phrasing are connected mainly with Rava, who was a prominent sage who lived in 4th century CE in Mehoza, close to Ctesiphon, the capitol of the Persian Sassanian dynasty. The Syriac word Shmad is well attested, and more so since the early testimonies of Syriac literature, in different forms, connected to the semantic field of curse, ban, and excommunication. Only in sources from the 5-6th centuries CE do we find a new form of that root Meshamdotho, which suggests ‘lewdness,’ ‘to be wanton.’ The new form changes the focus of the root from describing the wrongdoing and its social implication to describing the manner of doing, maybe even to the motive for his or her behavior. My presentation will raise the question of the connection between those almost parallel changes. Are they related to one another? In what way? What is similar and what are the differences? Can we explain the reason for raising a new paradigm in communal defining the apostates and wrong doers? I will examine some sources, Jewish and Christian, that relate to those terms and ideas.
Reports on the topic "Social status-seeking":
1
Lenhardt, Amanda. Progress Towards Meaningful Women’s Participation in Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding Decision-makingt prevention and peacebuilding decision-making. Institute of Development Studies, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.044.
Abstract:
The Women, Peace and Security or Gender Peace and Security (WPS/GPS) agenda has expanded significantly over the 20+ years of concerted efforts at many levels to expand the role of women in conflict resolution and peacebuilding. Yet many authors note that the expansion of international agreements and national plans to support greater women’s participation in decision-making have yet to translate into concrete changes. This report examines progress in promoting women’s meaningful participation in decision making processes in conflict prevention and peacebuilding, with a focus on changes since 2018. Evidence on women’s meaningful participation in decision-making tends to focus on a small range of measurable outcomes with some studies considering the outcomes of women’s involvement in those processes to determine the extent to which they might be ‘meaningful’. Few studies examine differential outcomes of such initiatives for different groups of women, and most data does not allow for the disaggregation of intersecting identities between gender, ethnicity, race, disability, migration status and other key factors. Evidence collected for this report suggests that policies and programmes seeking to support greater women’s participation in decision-making in conflict prevention and peacebuilding often struggle to address the broader structural factors that inhibit women’s empowerment. Tackling longstanding and often deeply embedded harmful social norms has proven challenging across sectors, and in conflict or post-conflict settings with highly complex social dynamics, this can be especially difficult. Many of the issues highlighted in the literature as hindering progress on the WPS agenda relate to cross-cutting issues at the heart of gender inequality. Multiple authors from within women’s movements in conflict and post-conflict settings emphasise the need for policies and programmes that support women to act as agents of change in their own communities and which amplify their voices rather than speak on their behalf. Recent achievements in South Sudan and the Pacific region are indicative of the potential of women’s movements to affect change in conflict prevention and peacebuilding and suggest progress is being made in some areas, though gender equality in these processes may be a long way off.