Journal articles: 'Social sciences -> history -> military history'

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Franklin, V. P. "Reflections on History, Education, and Social Theories." History of Education Quarterly 51, no. 2 (May 2011): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2011.00336.x.

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Historians need social theories to conduct their research whether they are acknowledged or not. Positivist social theories underpinned the professionalization of the writing of history as well as the establishment of the social sciences as “disciplines,” in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. August Comte's “science of society” and theories of evolution were attractive to U.S. historians and other researchers dealing with rapid social and economic changes taking place under the banner of American and Western “progress.” Progressive and “pragmatic” approaches were taken in dealing with the social wreckage created by the expanding industrialization, increasing urbanization, and huge influx of southern and eastern European immigrants. In addition, social theories and philosophical trends also served as the ideological underpinning for historians writing about the “white man's burden” that was said to have brought European and American “civilization” to the indigenous peoples in Asia, Africa, the Americas, and the islands of the Pacific who came to be dominated by military might with collaboration from local elites.

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Bennett, Huw. "Social Sciences and the Military: An Interdisciplinary Overview." Defence Studies 10, no. 3 (September 2010): 461–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14702436.2010.504374.

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Orwin, Clifford. "HUMANITARIAN MILITARY INTERVENTION: WARS FOR THE END OF HISTORY?" Social Philosophy and Policy 23, no. 01 (January 7, 2006): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052506060080.

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ABRAMS, RICHARD M. "The U.S. Military and Higher Education: A Brief History." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 502, no. 1 (March 1989): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716289502001002.

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de Sierra, Gerónimo. "Social sciences in Uruguay." Social Science Information 44, no. 2-3 (June 2005): 473–520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018405053295.

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In Uruguay, the development and institutionalization of the social sciences have been relatively delayed compared to other countries of the region. This fact contrasts with the socio-economic and sociopolitical development of the country, as well as with that of the professional branches of university education. The so-called formal foundational process of the social sciences effectively began in the 1970s, especially in history, economics and sociology. Political science and anthropology began to take shape only after the return to democracy in 1985. The military coup (1973-85) caused an interruption in the institutional status of the social sciences but did not entirely dismantle them. These sciences continued to develop in independent research centers, often receiving external funds. The exchange with foreign academic centers, especially the CLACSO and FLACSO nets, was germane to the process. With the return of democracy, the institutionalization process of the social sciences resumed and the link between the pre-dictatorship and post-dictatorship generations in these fields became more apparent. Simultaneously, the labor market for social scientists broadened and diversified.

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Lipow, Jonathan. "Castles, Battles, and Bombs: How Economics Explains Military History." Defence and Peace Economics 20, no. 5 (October 2009): 437–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10242690802452313.

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Sidorov, Sergey. "V International Scientific Conference “Military History of Russia: Problems, Search, Decisions” Devoted to the 75th Anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War (September 11–12, 2020, Volgograd)." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija 26, no. 1 (March 2021): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2021.1.22.

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The article presents information about the V International scientific conference “Military history of Russia: problems, search, solutions” held in Volgograd on September 11–12, 2020, dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War. The conference was held at Volgograd State University. The conference was informative and representative in its composition: more than 220 representatives of scientific institutions of the Russian Academy of Sciences, civil and military universities and centers, archives, museums and libraries in 48 cities of Russia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Great Britain, Kazakhstan, USA, Turkmenistan and Ukraine. Among the participants of the conference there was a corresponding member of RAE, 39 doctors and 82 candidates of sciences. Along with professors and associate professors, the conference was attended by young scientists: assistant lecturers, postgraduate students, master students, students and schoolchildren. The article analyzes the work of the plenary session, sections, round tables and the discussion platform. The mainstream sections were the following: “Patriotic War: history and modernity”, “National economy of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War”, “Social history of the Great Patriotic War”, “Lower Volga and the Don during the Great Patriotic War”, “Source base for the study of the Great Patriotic War”, “Problems of historiography of the Great Patriotic War”. The permanent sections presented reports on military history in ancient times, the middle ages, modern and contemporary times, social protection of the population in wartime, and international aspects of the Battle of Stalingrad. The round tables discussed issues of military and political security of society and the state, problems of military memorial tourism in the Russian Federation, and international aspects of military conflicts. The discussion platform was dedicated to patriotic education of children and youth.

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Wilson, Ian. "Scratching the Surface of the History of Military Medicine." Metascience 18, no. 2 (May 12, 2009): 285–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11016-009-9276-8.

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Bietti, Lucas, and Ricardo Medina Audelo. "How History Shapes Memories in Autobiographical Narratives." Social and Education History 1, no. 3 (October 23, 2012): 222–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4471/hse.2012.15.

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This article examines the interaction between the processes of autobiographic memory in relation to the military dictatorship of 1976-1983 in Argentina and the narrations constructed and communicated by these practices. In this context the article goes over the experiences of a former political dissident in 1970s in Argentina and constructs a self-narration which leads to a sense of this life in history. The results of the connection and synchronization of the autobiographical experiences in a much broader social context made them much more meaningful. Thus, these autobiographical narratives also indicate the ways in which significant historical events mold individual subjectivities.

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Lotchin, Roger W. "The Political Culture of the Metropolitan-Military Complex." Social Science History 16, no. 2 (1992): 275–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200016485.

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Like many modern historians’ concepts, the notion of political culture comes to us from the social sciences, especially anthropology and political science. One assumes that political culture is a term familiar to most readers. The term metropolitan-military complex may require some explanation. I coined the phrase some years ago when undertaking a study of San Francisco politics. At the time, the inquiry was fairly conventional. Yet as I worked through the struggles over municipal services, labor and management problems, political structure, mass transit, minorities, parties, reformers, bosses, and so forth, the role of the military loomed ever larger. The longer the military was investigated, the more important that role appeared to be. Eventually, I changed the focus of my study from politics, conventionally defined, to the relationship between cities and the military. President Dwight D. Eisenhower used the term military-industrial complex in his 1961 farewell address to describe an alliance among technicians, congressmen, bureaucrats, military men, and businessmen. He did not define his words rigorously, but he left the definite impression that the military-industrial complex (MIC) was national in scope and something close to a conspiracy on behalf of greater defense spending. The president also implied that the MIC had only recently appeared. Subsequent commentators on the subject have largely followed this approach, stressing the importance of conspiracy, militarism, Washington bureaucrats, big business, and big congressmen. They have also accepted the World War II or cold war origins of the alliance as well as its national scope.

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Gropman, Alan. "Book Review: African-American Military History: We Can Do Better." Armed Forces & Society 28, no. 2 (January 2002): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095327x0202800208.

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Fedorova, Mariia. "War and Hospitals: Why Their Architecture has Changed during the Last Three Centuries." Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 19, no. 1 (2020): 256–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2020-1-256-282.

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The article presents the relationships between the architecture of military hospitals and the changes that have taken place in the organization of hostilities, the attitude towards the army and the soldier, as well as the development of medical technologies. The case of military hospitals highlights the way architecture reflects many insights about the importance and value of each functional element in architectural design and facade solutions. Several of the crucial factors determining the change in the architecture of military hospitals were the shift in the ideology of war and the role of the soldier, the transformation of dominant views concerning medicine and hygiene, and the development of military equipment and weapons. A military hospital has several characteristics specific to this type, which include the closure of the system, the uneven nature of the incoming flow of casualties, and the specific community which makes a military hospital a machine for returning combatants to service. Through the changes in the architecture of military hospitals, it is possible to see the development of medicine, the change in the role of the soldier, the doctor, the division into the classes of “soldiers” and “officers,” military and civil, the attitude to discipline and the organization of treatment, and the development of military technologies. The timeline of the study covers a period of 313 years, during which the architecture of the hospitals has undergone five major changes corresponding to five temporal stages explicated by this paper. Materials for the study include field diaries and notes, historical references, archival materials, books and articles on Russian history, military history and medicine, as well as interviews with military doctors, historians, and gunsmiths.

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Maley, Adam J., and Daniel N. Hawkins. "The Southern Military Tradition." Armed Forces & Society 44, no. 2 (April 11, 2017): 195–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095327x17700851.

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Throughout the history of the United States, the South has had higher levels of military service than other regions of the country. Scholars regularly refer to this phenomenon as a “Southern military tradition.” The reasons behind this overrepresentation are not completely understood. Do Southern sociodemographic characteristics make it a preferred recruiting area or is there something distinctive about the cultural legacy of Southern history that encourages and supports military service? Using a unique data set that includes county-level active duty army enlistments and sociodemographic information, we show that Southern counties have significantly higher enlistment rates than counties in the Northeast and Midwest. These differences disappear when sociodemographic factors, such as fewer college graduates and a prominent presence of Evangelical Christians, are taken into account. These findings suggest that population characteristics may be a stronger driver of current regional disparities in military service than an inherited Southern military tradition.

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BENDA, V. N. "ON THE QUESTION OF THE CREATION AND THE BEGINNING OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE MILITARY SCHOOL OF RUSSIA AT THE END OF THE XVII - FIRST QUARTER OF THE XVIII CENTURY." History and Modern Perspectives 5, no. 2 (June 28, 2023): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2658-4654-2023-5-2-30-38.

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The history of military educational institutions dates back to the time of Peter the Great and is an important page in the social history of the origin and development of education in Russia. Artillery and engineering military educational institutions and the School of Mathematical and Navigation Sciences were among the first special educational institutions that performed an important state task of training command personnel and specialists in the field of naval, artillery and engineering. The article traces the history of the creation and subsequent development during the first quarter of the XVIII century of individual elements of the national system of military personnel training. The already known individual information and data concerning military educational institutions that functioned in the XVIII century are supplemented and expanded by poorly studied materials and archival sources that have not been introduced into scientific circulation. Attention is focused on certain aspects of the organization of the educational process and daily life in them. The author concludes that despite all the difficulties that the state and military administration had to face when establishing and launching the first military special schools, their further functioning in the first quarter of the XVIII century marked a new stage in the development of domestic military special education and enlightenment. Previously unpublished sources are introduced into scientific circulation.

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Van Tuyll, Hubert, and Jurgen Brauer. "Colonizing military history: A millennial view on the economics of war." Defence and Peace Economics 14, no. 3 (June 2003): 155–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1024269022000000877.

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Gillespie, Greg. "Go army! beat RMC? the history of the United States military academy‐royal military college of Canada hockey rivalry." International Journal of the History of Sport 17, no. 1 (March 2000): 94–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523360008714115.

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De Koninck, Rodolphe. "Wessex Estate: Recollections of British Military and Imperial History in the Heart of Singapore." Asian Journal of Social Science 31, no. 3 (2003): 435–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853103322895333.

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Although the island Republic of Singapore has been submitted to a systematic territorial revolution since the 1960s, some of its urban heritage has been preserved. This is the case with Wessex Estate, a quiet residential neighbourhood located in the low hills extending on the western flank of the central urban area. Made up of less than a dozen bungalows and 26 small blocks of flats, Wessex Estate is of no particular architectural interest, but it does represent a heritage through the names borne by the blocks of flats. Clearly printed on the façades of the 26 blocks of flats, these names all refer to military feats of British history. The study locates and briefly describes these events, several of which took place on European fronts, as far back as the early 18th century (such as Ramilies, Blenheim), others throughout the British Empire, starting from the middle of the same century (such as Plassey, Quebec, Khartoum, Pegu). Built just prior to or just following WWII, it seems that the flats housed non-commissioned British officers during the Malayan Emergency (1948–1960). Their names refer to battles or theatres of war in all of which a given British regiment, the 67th or South Hampshire Regiment, might have been involved. Whatever the case, it remains somewhat remarkable that so many reminders of the colonial past, even a good number with "no natural connection" to Singapore, have remained prominent in this city-state otherwise apparently prone to sever "colonial apron strings".

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Harris, Jesse J., and Stacey Berry. "A Brief History of the Military Training of the Enlisted Mental Health Worker." Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment 23, no. 6 (August 2013): 800–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2013.795087.

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Davis, Evan. "Sources: The Encyclopedia of the American Revolutionary War: A Political, Social, and Military History." Reference & User Services Quarterly 46, no. 4 (June 1, 2007): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.46n4.87.

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Young, Elizabeth A. "Sources: The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Political, Social, and Military History." Reference & User Services Quarterly 48, no. 2 (December 1, 2008): 197–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.48n2.197.

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Onwuka, Edwin. "Portraits of the Nigerian Soldier in Isidore Okpewho’s The Last Duty and Festus Iyayi’s Heroes." SAGE Open 11, no. 3 (July 2021): 215824402110469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211046956.

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An essential feature of Nigerian literatures is their capacity to exploit history and social experience to bring to light the human condition in society without compromising literary aesthetics. Thus, Nigerian novels often appear to be more educative than entertaining by their ability to illuminate social realities far more effectively than historical or sociological texts. This is evident in the representations of soldiers in Nigerian novels which are highly influenced by historical and social circumstances. This paper carries out a comparative and descriptive analysis of portrayals of Nigerian soldiers in Isidore Okpewho’s The Last Duty and Festus Iyayi’s Heroes from a new historical perspective. Most studies on the military in Nigerian novels often focus on their actions in war situations and their disruptive and undemocratic activities in politics. However, these studies frequently explore the military as a group with little attention to the texts as expositions on character types in the Nigerian military. This study therefore contributes to criticism on the nexus between literary representation, history, and society. It further highlights historical and social contexts of military explorations in Nigerian novels and their impacts on the perception of the Nigerian soldier in society. These are aimed at showing that depictions of the military in Nigerian novels go beyond their capacities for disruptions and destructions in society; they represent artistic probing of the nature and character of persons in the Nigerian military.

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Hinton, Andrew. "Using Oral History to Study the Personal Digital Archiving Practices of Modern Soldiers." American Archivist 85, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 511–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17723/2327-9702-85.2.511.

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ABSTRACT Drawing on literature from personal information management studies and on the topic of documentation of American military experiences, this article aims to help the archival profession understand the personal digital archiving practices of modern soldiers. During the summer of 2019, the author conducted oral history interviews with US Army soldiers at Fort Hood to address the questions of what personal records soldiers keep of their military experience, what they do—if anything—to preserve them, and how they value them. This study found that both military and socio-technological factors contribute to a lack of digital recordkeeping among modern soldiers, that soldiers' reliance on social media as ad hoc digital preservation tools leads to poor digital preservation practices, and that a majority of soldiers do not see their digital records as worthy of future historical study. The article concludes with a discussion of actions that can address these issues.

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Fourie, Johan, Kris Inwood, and Martine Mariotti. "Military Technology and Sample Selection Bias." Social Science History 44, no. 3 (2020): 485–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2020.16.

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AbstractMilitary enlistment is highly selective for reasons of both labor demand and supply. An early-twentieth-century evolution of military technology that shifted the demand for workers of different stature illustrates the importance of labor demand beyond the commonly discussed influences originating with labor supply. English-born soldiers in the Anglo-Boer War (1899–1902) were taller, on average, than those of World War I (1914–18), yet these differences cannot be attributed to standard of living or business cycle influences on the labor market. Rather, we argue, the mechanization and bureaucratization of warfare increased the relative value of shorter people permitting a decline in the average height of soldiers. Technological change over the period of these two wars affected labor demand in a way that must be recognized before using this evidence to test hypotheses about changes in population health.

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Andrade, Tonio. "Garbage In, Garbage Out: Challenges of Model Building in Global History, A Military Historical Perspective." Canadian Journal of Sociology 41, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 53–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjs25677.

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This paper examines two prominent recent attempts to explain the phenomenon of the “rise of the West,” Ian Morris’s model of “Social Development” and Philipp Hoffman’s model of military power (Morris 2010, Morris 2013, Hoffman 2012, Hoffman 2015). Whereas most recent scholarship on the rise of the West has focused on economics, Morris and Hoffman widen the scope of comparison to other areas, in particular focusing on the measurement and explanation of divergences in military effectiveness. By drawing on recent work in China’s military history, the author shows that both models – but particularly that of Morris – are inadequate, falling back on older narratives of Western military superiority that have been challenged or disproven by recent scholarship in global military history. The article suggests, however, that the two models – and especially that of Hoffman – do raise significant new questions for future research, and it concludes by noting that what social scientists need more than new models at present is a closer attention to the rapid and ever increasing proliferation of scholarship in non-Western countries, and in particular that of the Sinophone world.

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ISAAC, JOEL. "STRATEGY AS INTELLECTUAL HISTORY." Modern Intellectual History 16, no. 3 (April 10, 2018): 1007–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244318000094.

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The world of grand strategy is not one to which intellectual historians have devoted a great deal of attention. Matters of interstate economic competition and imperial rivalry have, of course, long been at the center of histories of early modern political thought. Yet, when these currents in the history of political thought narrow into nineteenth-centuryrealpolitik, and then turn toward the professionalized contemporary discourses of international relations and war studies, intellectual historians have, for the most part, left the matter to the experts. The strategic maxims of Clausewitz and Liddell Hart may fascinate IR theorists, political scientists, and military historians, but they seldom fire the imaginations of tender-minded historians of ideas. The two books under review challenge such preconceptions. They ask us to consider the history of Cold War strategic thought in a wider conceptual frame. Buried in the history of strategy, they suggest, are some of the central themes of postwar social and political thought.

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Thomas, Megan C. "Securing Trade: The Military Labor of the British Occupation of Manila, 1762–1764." International Review of Social History 64, S27 (March 26, 2019): 125–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859019000051.

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AbstractMilitary labor played a key role in conquering and preserving ports as nodes in trading networks. This article treats the military labor of the British occupation of Manila from 1762 to 1764, during the Seven Years War. It examines the motley crew that formed the British forces, exploring British categories of military laborers sent from Madras. The particular combination of forces composed for this expedition had more to do with the East India Company's concerns in Madras than with what was thought to be needed to take and hold Manila. These military laborers were sometimes unruly, insisting on better pay, and deserting when it was not forthcoming. The story of the British occupation of Manila highlights how ideas about desertion traveled along with military laborers from one port city to another in the Indian Ocean world, and what happened when they did.

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IONESCU, Claudiu Marius, and Florian RĂPAN. "Social Engineering – Major Component of Cognitive Warfare." Romanian Military Thinking 2022, no. 3 (September 2022): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.55535/rmt.2022.3.03.

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"Industrial revolutions have generated major changes in the economy, politics and military affairs throughout human history and have led to innovation in all social fields, resulting in new approaches to military affairs. Companies are transforming and preparing their transition from an environment based on technological tools (physical) to one based on social mass engineering (mainly in the virtual environment), extremely refined, which subtly combines manipulation with addiction. The industrial society, as we have known it for more than a century, has become an information society and produces major changes in society and, implicitly, in the thinking of military strategies. In this context, due to the unprecedented development of information technology, the military confrontations of the future will change their main feature, namely violence, a component that will be increasingly mitigated and replaced, gradually, with non-kinetic means: political, economic, media, psychological and informational situations. There are, today, new military doctrines and strategies, characterised by the lack of classical rules for waging a war, through the ambiguity of the enemy or through the lack of dichotomy between war and peace, which have as characteristic another way of organising and conducting the fight. The present article focuses on aspects related to non-kinetic and cognitive combat means. We consider that the research is of interest because the implications of these means on the way of waging the war and their long-term effects that have not yet been fully known. In this context, we approach the field of social engineering, starting from the first references to this concept up to the present day, emphasising its applicability in social and political sciences as well as in psychology and cyber security."

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Fordham, Benjamin O. "The Evolution of Republican and Democratic Positions on Cold War Military Spending." Social Science History 31, no. 4 (2007): 603–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200013870.

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The domestic politics of American military spending during the Cold War confronts scholars with an important but often overlooked puzzle: the two major parties appear to have switched positions on the issue. During the early Cold War era, Democrats were generally supportive of increased military spending, while Republicans were critical. After the mid-1960s, Democrats increasingly tended to oppose larger military budgets, while Republicans more often favored them. This article presents evidence about the process through which this change took place. It identifies several developments in the domestic and international environments that may have contributed to this party switch and evaluates preliminary evidence about each of them.

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Zwahr, Hartmut, Donah Geyer, and Marcel van der Linden. "Class Formation and the Labor Movement as the Subject of Dialectic Social History." International Review of Social History 38, S1 (April 1993): 85–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000112313.

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As an introduction to this essay, three points need to be made. First, the European labor movements of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, on which we focus here, were part of bourgeois society. Secondly, they were a factor that challenged bourgeois society and thus contributed in several different ways to its change. Thirdly, as a result of this interaction, the labor movements themselves underwent changes. All of those were lasting changes. The systemic changes, imposed by revolutionary or military force, that accompanied the experiment in socialism, were not. In countries where the labor movement pursued socialist aims prior to the First World War on the crumbling foundations of a primarily pre-bourgeois society, such as in eastern and south-eastern Europe, it was the most radical force behind political democratization and modernization (Russia; Russian Poland: the Kingdom of Poland, Bulgaria). But it could not compensate for the society's evident lack of basic civic development, whereas the socialist experiment in Soviet Russia led not only to the demise of democratization but also to a halt of embourgeoisement.

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Whitfield, Stephen J. "Limited Engagement: The Quiet American as History." Journal of American Studies 30, no. 1 (April 1996): 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875800024324.

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Among the most intensely absorbed viewers of John Ford's The Grapes of Wrath (1940) was Adolf Hitler, who knew almost nothing of the United States but who observed how degenerate the “Okies” had become. He believed that immigration had already mongrelized the general populace and, since even farmers of Anglo-Saxon stock had succumbed to racial disintegration, the Americans would be pushovers for the Wehrmacht. This particular movie-goer failed to notice the resilience and endurance also flickering on the screen; and it would be foolish to claim that his decision to declare war on the United States was based only upon a misinterpretation of The Grapes of Wrath (which he watched several times). But since no treaty obligation compelled the Third Reich to make war, after Pearl Harbor, upon an industrial power of which the Führer was so ignorant, any analysis of his motives must remain speculative. It may have been a mad urge for apocalyptic destructiveness (and self-destructiveness), springing from subterranean depths that the psychobiographer can fathom more readily than the military or diplomatic historian. Perhaps Hitler's miscalculation was not utterly irrational: with Holland's surrender in 1940, its place as the world's nineteenth largest army was ceded to the Americans.

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GOLDMAN, EMILY O. "Cultural foundations of military diffusion." Review of International Studies 32, no. 1 (January 2006): 69–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210506006930.

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This article examines cross-national variation in the diffusion and adoption of military technologies and ideas. The history of warfare has been marked by periods of innovation in which the institutions and practices of war-making adapted in response to technological opportunities, and social and political developments. As information about new practices spreads, through the demonstration effects of innovating states or transnational social networks, military innovations have diffused throughout the international system. Diffusion can restructure power relations as states leverage new capabilities to increase their military power and enhance their international influence.

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BALDWIN, PETER. "Response to Evans." Contemporary European History 20, no. 3 (July 8, 2011): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777311000373.

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Because my article was not a review of Richard J. Evans's book, but a thought piece on broader topics prompted by his work, it does not stick only to issues discussed by him. What a shame that Cosmopolitan Islanders was largely ignored, as Evans reports, for he raises important questions. Part of the reason for the book's stillbirth is exemplified in Evans’ response here: the self-isolation of the historical profession that is met by increasing indifference from the rest of the thinking world. Evans's concern to draw fine distinctions and quarantine history apart from all other social science is telling. Yes, Myrdal was a sociologist (well actually an economist, but no matter). And, yes, some of the foreign scholars I mention who write about the Anglosphere work on literature, not history as such. Why such vigorous policing of the disciplinary boundaries when larger issues are at stake? No wonder historians now have their largest audiences among the military history buffs while the more adventurous social sciences cash in on our work in ways we spurn. What William McNeill used to do has become the province of Francis Fukuyama.

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Kessler, Ridley A. "American Military History: A guide to reference and information sources (Reference Sources in the Social Sciences Series; no. 7)." Journal of Government Information 22, no. 6 (November 1995): 628–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1352-0237(95)90079-9.

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Lotchin, Roger W. "The Political Culture of the Metropolitan-Military Complex." Social Science History 16, no. 2 (1992): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1171290.

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Ben‐Porat, Amir. "Nation building, soccer and the military in Israel." International Journal of the History of Sport 17, no. 4 (December 2000): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523360008714150.

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MacKenzie, Donald. "Science and Technology Studies and the Question of the Military." Social Studies of Science 16, no. 2 (May 1986): 361–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312786016002010.

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Wingfield, Nancy M. "Writing Gender into the “István Deák School of History”." Journal of Austrian-American History 7, no. 1 (May 2023): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jaustamerhist.7.1.0066.

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Abstract This contribution discusses István Deák’s influence on the rapidly expanding field of gender in Habsburg Central Europe. While Deák did not employ gender as a category of analysis in his own work, some of the categories he did analyze, including collaboration and resistance, war and retribution, and the Habsburg military, and the way he analyzed them, often with a focus on social history, helped open the way for some of his students to move into the newer field of gender and sexuality.

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Choudhary, Manisha. "Changing Area, Shrinking Spaces and Struggling Species: History of Camels." History and Sociology of South Asia 13, no. 2 (July 2019): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/22308075211043285.

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The camel is a strange animal for various reasons. Historically, it was mainly used for transportation activities. The presence of this animal in the Indian subcontinent is not very ancient as suggested by few researchers. Throughout the medieval centuries, it was mainly used for transportation, travelling and military purposes. Camel troopers were an essential unit of the postal departments. Many kings and emperors had special affection and association with camels. The engagements of camels in the military units were very popular as evident through the Shutur-khanas of various medieval states. Participating in various military campaigns under the banner of united jack, the Bikaner Camel Corps—Ganga Risala—earned international fame. In the desert of Thar, camels are revered for their social and economic value that was maintainable with minimum efforts. A vibrant culture evolved around the animal due to its economic significance and utility. It is evident that with the introduction of the new modes of transport and warfare, this animal has lost the significant position attained in the history. The engagement of camels in alternate professions for earning livelihood has taken a heavy toll on the species. So much so that now it appears in the list of endangered species.

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MURPHY, JANE H. "Locating the sciences in eighteenth-century Egypt." British Journal for the History of Science 43, no. 4 (October 11, 2010): 557–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087410001251.

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AbstractIn the last years of the eighteenth century, Egypt famously witnessed the practice of European sciences as embodied in the members of Bonaparte's Commission des sciences et des arts and the newly founded Institut d'Egypte. Less well known are the activities of local eighteenth-century Cairene religious scholars and military elites who were both patrons and practitioners of scientific expertise and producers of hundreds upon hundreds of manuscripts. Through the writings of the French naturalist Etienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1772–1844) and those of the Cairene scholar and chronicler ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Jabartī (1753–1825), I explore Egypt as a site for the practice of the sciences in the late eighteenth century, the palatial urban houses which the French made home to the Institut d'Egypte and their role before the French invasion, and the conception of the relationship between the sciences and social politics that each man sought. Ultimately, I argue that Geoffroy's struggle to create scientific neutrality in the midst of intensely tumultuous political realities came to a surprising head with his fixation on Paris as the site for the practice of natural history, while al-Jabartī’s embrace of this entanglement of knowledge and power led to a vision of scientific expertise that was specifically located in his Cairene society, but which – as Geoffroy himself demonstrated – could be readily adapted almost anywhere.

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Davis, Evan. "Sources: The Encyclopedia of North American Colonial Conflicts to 1775: A Political, Social, and Military History." Reference & User Services Quarterly 48, no. 4 (March 1, 2009): 406–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.48n4.406.

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Evdokimova, Tatyana. "Wolfram Wette and His View on History of German Wehrmacht in World War II." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 1 (March 2023): 198–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.1.18.

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Introduction. The article analyzes the essence and dynamics of the views of the German historian Wolfram Wette on the history of the German Wehrmacht in the World War II. Methods and materials. The source bases of the study are monographs, publications in books, magazines, newspapers, Wette’s interviews. When writing the article, such methods as historical-systemic, historical-comparative, historical-biographical ones, as well as the methods of communicative analysis of monographs and articles, and comparative analysis of various sources were used. Analysis. The study made it possible to single out two stages in W. Wette’s research activities: the study of military history traditional issues (the military operations history, military leadership, etc.) and the study of the military “history of everyday life”. The boundary between the stages became the denunciation of the myths of Stalingrad Battle which the article’s author, according to the Wette’s works, considers as a trigger for the World War II outcome, building a democratic society in Germany, forming a modern culture of memory. The article presents a critical analysis made by the historian W. Wette of a number of “legends” that existed in the Germany’s military history and public consciousness about the “preventive” nature of the war against the Soviet Union, about the “heroic death” of the 6th Army near Stalingrad, about the “pure Wehrmacht” and his “heroes”. The focus of the history of the Wehrmacht during the World War II “from below” is a “little man”, a simple soldier. The author of the analyzed works pays special attention to the denial of the thesis about the impossibility of resisting the criminal policy of the Nazi leadership in the army and, using the example of ordinary Wehrmacht military men, shows a small group of “rescuers in military uniform” who risked themselves to save human lives. Results. The conclusion is made about the inseparable connection between Wette’s scientific research and his social activities to overcome the Nazi past of Germany and forming a democratic consciousness of German civil society.

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Wise, Nathan. "Fighting a Different Enemy: Social Protests against Authority in the Australian Imperial Force during World War I." International Review of Social History 52, S15 (November 21, 2007): 225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859007003215.

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During World War I, the rank and file of the Australian Imperial Force utilized humour in their social protests against both their officers and the military regimen. This paper looks at the expression of this humour through a variety of mediums and explores the value of humour in providing an outlet through which these men could vent their anger at the military system. It further seeks to highlight how the adoption of humour in social protests became a secure part of the Australian soldiers' “working” identity and how this was sustained throughout the war by the masculine image of the soldier. Further to this, the paper examines the decline in the use of humour in social protest amongst war veterans in the postwar era and its replacement by a more sombre attitude towards protests.

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Hayashi, Hirofumi. "Disputes in Japan over the Japanese Military “Comfort Women” System and Its Perception in History." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 617, no. 1 (May 2008): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716208314191.

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Sheingate, Adam D., and Takakazu Yamagishi. "Occupation Politics." Social Science History 30, no. 1 (2006): 137–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200013419.

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Contemporary events illustrate both the opportunities and the obstacles to democratic nation-building through military occupation. In addition to international influences or prewar legacies, domestic political forces within the occupying nation also set limits on the capacity for social and political change. We illustrate this dynamic by examining the effects of U.S. interest group politics on Japanese health policy during the American occupation after World War II. These struggles over health policy in postwar Japan illustrate that military occupations do not operate in a political vacuum but are shaped by the push and pull of domestic interest group politics back home.

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Cotoi, Calin. "The geopolitical turn in interwar Romanian sociology and geography: From social reform to population exchange plans." History of the Human Sciences 32, no. 2 (June 10, 2018): 76–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695118771248.

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Romanian interwar geopolitics emerged mostly through a radicalization and instrumentalization of sociology, seen as a militant science serving the nation-state. Geography re-defined itself as both geohistory and geopolitics and tried to articulate German Geopolitik and French géographie politique in order to create a science of national and global spaces compatible with this new sociology. Geopolitics became, at the end of the 1930s and during WWII, a major discourse in national politics and gathered a group of scholars, public administrators, and military elites, who aimed to quickly and massively transform the nation and the state. Two important local scholars, the sociologist-demographer Anton Golopenţia and the geographer-turned-sociologist Ion Conea, were central in constituting geopolitics as an important political language and an instrument of state reform inside a radical biopolitical project.

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Rohde, Joy. "Gray Matters: Social Scientists, Military Patronage, and Democracy in the Cold War." Journal of American History 96, no. 1 (June 1, 2009): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27694733.

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Veve, Thomas D. "Book Review: Strength for the Fight: A History of Black Americans in the Military." Armed Forces & Society 15, no. 2 (January 1989): 313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095327x8901500224.

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Ye, Tao, Xiaoyu Cheng, Wei Chen, and Yanyan Li. "Volunteer Motivations in Military Sports Events: The Case of 2019 Military World Games." SAGE Open 12, no. 2 (April 2022): 215824402211081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221108167.

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The 2019 Military World Games was the largest special sports event in the history of Military Sports Events. Volunteers as a soft infrastructure play a critical role in the success of the Military World Games. However, few systematic studies have been conducted on volunteer motivation of Military World Games. Drawing on the social identity theory, a theoretical model has been developed, which includes a new theme-related motivation of love of military based on the version of VMS-ISE scale. Through investigating 2,114 respondents, results show that motivations of expression of values, patriotism and city involvement, interpersonal contacts, personal growth, love of sport, and love of military have positively impact on volunteer satisfaction. Especially, volunteers with the deep passion of military sport would highly increase volunteer satisfaction. Follow-up analyses may contribute a deeper understanding and practical guidance of organizers to recruit and manage volunteers in special sport events with the certain theme.

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Yeomans, Henry. "Taxation, State Formation, and Governmentality: The Historical Development of Alcohol Excise Duties in England and Wales." Social Science History 42, no. 2 (2018): 269–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2017.47.

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The use of excise taxation in contemporary Western societies is marked by the curious coexistence of the state's fiscal objective of raising revenue with often-articulated behavioral objectives relating to lowering or altering public consumption of certain commodities. This article uses findings from the first dedicated empirical study of the long-term development of various alcohol excise duties in England and Wales to explain how and why this contemporary situation, of distinct and potentially inconsistent rationalities, came to exist. Orthodox tax history tends to emphasize the importance of tax for state formation generally and/or the more specific establishment of a fiscal-military state in Britain. While important, such accounts relate principally to the fiscal dimensions of taxation and say little about any behavioral aspects. This article draws upon the original analysis of archival government sources dating from 1643 to 1914 that pertain to the excise taxation of various drinks that are today defined as alcoholic. It also involves the innovative application of the Foucauldian concept of governmentality to this history of taxation. The article demonstrates that the historical development of alcohol excise duties in England and Wales has been driven not just by the formation of a fiscal-military state, but also by the emergence of governmentality across the modern period. This original insight into tax history is used to explain the logical inconsistencies within current tax laws. Moreover, by providing the first sustained analysis of its links to taxation, the article advances the developing literature around governmentality within criminology, sociology, and sociolegal studies.

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O'Hanlon, Rosalind. "Military Sports and the History of the Martial Body in India." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 50, no. 4 (2007): 490–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852007783245133.

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AbstractCultivation of the bodily skills required in cavalry warfare was a prominent theme in India's pre-colonial societies. Demand for these expertises enabled fighting specialists to develop an India-wide network of patronage and employment. Wrestling and its associated exercises became the indispensable accompaniment to military preparation in the early modern period. Appreciation of the wide social diffusion of these expertises also allows for a better understanding of colonial demilitarization, the displacement of important cultures of the body, as well as the loss of mobility and honorable employment. La formation aux arts de la guerre montée fut une caractéristique dominante important dans les sociétés précoloniales de l'Inde. Grâce à la demande de ces techniques de combat leurs spécialistes surent se créer un réseau de patronage et d'emploi à travers l'Inde. Pendant la période prémoderne les préparatifs de guerre exigèrent toujours l'apprentissage de la lutte à mains nues et des arts de combat associés. En se rendant compte de l'ampleur de la diffusion des ces arts martiaux à travers la société on comprend mieux que la démilitarisation coloniale emmena la déchéance des arts martiaux, ainsi que la perte de mobilité des lutteurs et la possibilité de trouver un emploi honorable.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Social sciences -> history -> military history'

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