Dissertations / Theses: 'Social sciences -> history -> middle eastern history'

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Harman, Andrew. "A One Percent Chance: Jabotinsky, Bernadotte, and the Iron Wall Doctrine." Chapman University Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/war_and_society_theses/1.

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This thesis is an examination of the long historical processes that have led to the Israel/Palestine conflict to the contemporary period, focusing mostly on the period before Israeli independence and the 1948 war that created the Jewish state. As Zionism emerged at the turn of the twentieth century to combat the antisemitism of Europe, practical and political facets of the movement sought immigration to Palestine, an area occupied by a large population of Arab natives. The answer to how the Zionists would achieve a Jewish state in that region, largely ignoring the indigenous population, fostered disagreements and a split in the Zionist ideology. The Revisionist Zionist organization was founded by Ze’ev Jabotinsky and favored a more militant orientation. With an “Iron Wall” manifesto, and as time passed and international aid waned, the Revisionists evolved into an anticolonial movement that not only viewed Palestinians as an obstacle to the Jewish state but turned their anticolonial furor toward the British and United Nations threats. That evolution reached a crescendo in 1948 when the Revisionist paramilitary group Lehi assassinated the UN Mediator, Count Bernadotte. That act was a catalyst that began the end of the war and the solidification of a Palestinian refugee crisis that persists to the present. As the Iron Wall Doctrine evolved from the early teachings of Jabotinsky through anticolonial violence and the removal of native Arabs from the new state of Israel, future prime ministers who were former Revisionist terrorists maintained the prescribed perpetual state of war Jabotinsky predicted with the now landless Palestinians. This research concludes that both Jabotinsky and Bernadotte were crucial characters in the narrative that allowed for the Iron Wall Doctrine, and thus the Jewish state, to not only exist but to carry on beyond the 1948 independence into the long standing conflict it has become.

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Malone, Chad Allen. "A Socio-Historical Analysis of U.S. State Terrorism from 1948 to 2008." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1216592463.

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Alghunaim, Ghadah. "Conflict between Saudi Arabia and Iran: An Examination of Critical Factors Inhibiting their Positive Roles in the Middle East." NSUWorks, 2014. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/19.

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Since 1979, Saudi-Iranian relations have been tense due to their position as superior powers in the Middle East. Both countries have different values and perspectives in regards to diplomatic relations with the West. As a consequence of the new developments in Iran's foreign policy and the newfound openness to the West adopted by President Rouhani, the topic has proven to be of research interest. The primary concern of this research was to explore the effect of the conflict between Saudi Arabia and Iran in the Middle East, and whether or not there is a possibility to overcome this conflict using the new political developments. For this purpose, a content analysis methodology was employed. Through an analysis of data presented in the literature review, which consisted of scholarly articles, policy briefs, and books, this dissertation examines the complex political relations through which the pattern of the bilateral relations explain the conflicting narratives. This complexity is present in the political actions taken by Iran and Saudi Arabia, as well as the domestic and foreign policies they are embracing. The findings of this study demonstrate the effect of this conflict in the Middle East. The research also proposes a number of possible recommendations on how to resolve this conflict through political openness and reciprocal agreements that target the citizens of Iran and Saudi Arabia.

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Yilmaz, Gulay. "The economic and social roles of janissaries in a seventeenth century Ottoman city: the case of Istanbul." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104500.

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This study examines the ways in which the janissaries were part of civic society in early seventeenth-century Istanbul. It is based on the premise that investigation of the relationship between military cadres and civilians in Ottoman cities will reveal how hitherto unnoticed or underestimated aspects of urban life was during the early modern era. Making use of the Istanbul court records (şer'iye sicils), probate registers (tereke defters), conscription (eşkal defters) and salary registers (mevacib defters) of the janissaries, and registers of central state decrees (mühimme defters), the study focuses on the economic and social roles of the janissaries in Istanbul, as they entered into an enhanced urbanization process due to the social and political transformations of the Ottoman Empire in the seventeenth century.By studying various aspects of janissaries' lives this dissertation reveals the extent of their involvement in seventeenth century Istanbul's civic society. First, the methods of becoming a janissary are investigated and how these methods changed during the early seventeenth century are laid out. The profiles of janissaries in seventeenth-century Istanbul became much different than those of previous centuries as a result of changes in the conscription methods. These profiles are looked at more closely in the following sections of the dissertation. An examination of the janissaries' residential patterns in Istanbul reveals that the urban topography of the capital was directly influenced by an increase in the number of janissaries who were not living in the barracks and therefore were not segregated from the civic population. Solidarities and antagonisms that emerged thanks to the intertwinement of the janissaries with the city is another important concentration of this dissertation. A two-way movement between the janissaries and the artisans as well as solidarity among them emerged, which was reflected in janissary-led urban protests. These are all important dimensions of the newly emerged urban dynamics in Istanbul. Another one is the enhanced janissary solidarity through the economic bonding among the same regiment members through the strengthening of the regiment waqfs. This study reveals that the urbanization process of the janissaries in seventeenth-century Istanbul and their economic activities was a reflection of the general trends of increased capital accumulation and growth of a credit economy in Ottoman society.
La présente étude vise à examiner les moyens dans lesquelles les Janissaires faisaient partie de la société civile d'Istanbul au début du 17e siècle. Il se fonde sur la prémisse qu'une investigation des rapports entre cadres militaires et civiles dans les villes ottomanes révélera des aspects de la vie urbaine, jusqu'ici inaperçus ou sous-estimés, dans la période moderne. En exploitant les documents de la cour de justice d'Istanbul (şer'iye sicils), les registres de testament (tereke defters), les registres de conscription (eşkal defters) et des salaires (mevacib defters) des Janissaires, et les registres des décrets de l'état centrale (mühimme defters), l'étude concentre sur les rôles économiques et sociales des Janissaires en Istanbul au moment où ils se sont embarqués dans un processus d'urbanisation rehaussée dû à la transformation sociale et politique de l'empire ottoman au 17e siècle.Par une étude des différents aspects de la vie des Janissaires, cette dissertation découvre l'étendu de leur implication dans la société civile d'Istanbul dans cette période. D'abord, il est question d'examiner les moyens de devenir janissaire et comment ces moyens ont changé dans les premières décades du 17e siècle. Les janissaires d'Istanbul ont subis en ce temps un grand changement de profil à la différence des siècles précédents suite aux changements dans les méthodes de conscription. Ces profils sont examinés de plus près dans les sections qui suivent. Une étude des dispositions résidentielles des Janissaires en Istanbul révèle que la topographie urbaine de la capitale a été directement liée au surcroit dans le nombre de Janissaires qui ne résidaient plus dans les casernes et qui n'étaient donc pas isolés de la population civile. Les solidarités et les antagonismes qui s'ensuivaient, dus aux entrelacements des Janissaires avec la ville, font un autre focus de cette dissertation. Le va-et-vient entre les janissaires et les artisans, ainsi que la solidarité qui se formait entre ces deux groupes, est reflété dans les protestations menées par les janissaires. Ce sont tous des dimensions signifiantes d'une nouvelle dynamique urbaine à Istanbul. Un autre, c'est la solidarité rehaussée parmi les Janissaires qui découlait de la rapprochement économique à l'intérieur des régiments causée par la renforcement des waqfs régimentaires. L'étude révèle aussi que le processus d'urbanisation des Janissaires dans l'Istanbul du 17e siècle ainsi que leurs activités économiques reflétaient les tendances générales d'accumulation accrue du capital et l'essor d'une économie de crédit dans la société ottomane.

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Fonder, Nathan Lambert. "Pleasure, Leisure, or Vice? Public Morality in Imperial Cairo, 1882-1949." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10077.

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I investigate the social history of Egypt under British imperial occupation through the lens of morality in order to understand the contestation of cultural change and authority under empire. Points of cultural cleavage between European and local inhabitants in British-occupied Cairo included two customs, gambling and the consumption of intoxicants, which elicited sustained and dynamic reactions from observers of Egyptian society on the local and international level. I show that the presence of alcohol and gambling in public spaces in Cairo contributed directly to the politicization and selective criminalization of public morality. However, the meanings attributed to social practices relating to leisure were continually under negotiation and challenge as state authorities, British liberals, Egyptian reformers and religious leaders, foreign missionaries, and representatives of international temperance movements vied to impose their visions of morality upon Egyptian society.

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Stremlin, Boris. "Constructing a multiparadigm world history civilizations, ecumenes and world-systems in the ancient Near East /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.

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Alatawi, Ahmed Saleem. "The Representation of Social Hierarchy in Saudi Women Novelists’ Discourse Between 2004 and 2015." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu149857309025208.

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Lattouf, Mirna. "The history of women's higher education in modern Lebanon and its social implications." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288958.

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Much has been theorized about the positive correlation between education and the change in women's status in society. Yet, in 1995, a United Nations report on women showed that although there has been much effort to eliminate discrimination based on sex, with greater opportunities and access to education, or formal learning, the most bias was due to socialization, or informal learning, as expressed through cultural values, norms and traditions. The report also showed that although governments claimed to be dedicated to erasing illiteracy and improving educational opportunities, they are very quick to claim cultural relativity when asked to review other elements of concern, such as harmful laws and customs. Education of girls and women has not accomplished the anticipated social transformation, especially the socially constructed patriarchal ideology which places them as primarily providers of biological and sexual services and unpaid labor. In a study on women and higher education in Modern Lebanon one finds the Lebanese case mimics international trends in the unwillingness to confront and reinterpret the strict ideology which impose on women the primary and at times sole function as "mother and wife." In Lebanon, one also finds that this hegemony has obviated the transformation of much female educational progress into change in the role of women in society. Although education has become more accessible, the hierarchy of opportunities is maintained and is more complex as it now intertwines class, religious affiliations and gender. Girls' formal education at the primary level was introduced into Lebanese society in the early nineteenth century. By the beginning of the twentieth century, the doors of higher education were opened to them. Today, women make up half of the student population at the tertiary level. Not only are they able to enter and compete with young men, they are exceeding all expectations by graduating at higher rates. However, there are a few points of concern. First, most women still register and graduate from traditionally female fields. Second, although there has been a tremendous increase of women attending universities, participating in the labor force and the political sphere, there is little change in the way society views women. Women and men regard education and work as secondary functions to women's primary purpose as "wife and mother." Third, when efforts are made to change harmful laws and customs, women are accused of trying to divide their community by placing mundane women's issues before national interest. Even worse, they may be accused of conspiring with the West to destroy Lebanese or Arab identity and traditions. Fourth, in the last six years, the initiation of various policies seem to thwart the advancement of women in the marketplace as government plans push women back into the home. Finally, one must not underestimate the role of the religious authorities in the continuous attempt to shape the strict division of labor between the sexes in Lebanon. The question remains, how can Lebanese women actively and cautiously participate in the formation of new truths, which will generate more inclusive and empowering myths for both girls and boys in the future?

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Shams-Esmaeili, Fatemeh. "Official voices of a revolution : a social history of Islamic republican poetry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b6f2561b-fd26-4064-88b8-f365d7abf2e4.

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This thesis is primarily concerned with the literary aspects of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Its immediate focus rests on the evolution of the Islamic republican poetic trend, encompassing both the disillusioned and conformist voices that rose to prominence in the course of the 1979 Revolution and their on-going engagement with the ruling political power. In this vein, this thesis investigates the various cultural policies of the state, as well as select political transformations of the past three decades, all of which played a pivotal role in this literary evolution. The thesis shows how the official poets that emerged during the 1979 Revolution, and which proved significantly active throughout the immediate history subsequent to that event (war with Iraq, the death of Ayatollah Khomeini and the rise and fall of the reform movement), evolved over time and thereby either received political support for their commitment to the state ideology or became gradually excluded from official cultural institutions. Finally, this thesis reviews the manner in which state strategies have shaped an institutionalised form of poetry that is monitored and reinforced by the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic and official cultural authorities. It demonstrates how an innate linking of the project of Islamic republican literature to underlying ideologically defined notions such as 'religious verse', 'legitimate poetry' and 'commitment' was and continues to be an intrinsic part of the literary foundations of the ideological apparatus of the Islamic Republic.

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Thornton, Amara Alexandra. "British archaeologists, social networks and the emergence of a profession : the social history of British archaeology in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East 1870-1939." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318140/.

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My research into the history of archaeology centres on the lives and social networks of five British archaeologists: George and Agnes Horsfield, John and Molly Crowfoot and John Garstang, and explores various themes in the development of archaeology from 1870-1939. These themes include the education of archaeologists, the development of archaeological training institutions, and the institutionalisation of archaeology at university level; the relationship between archaeology and architecture/architects in the development of departments of antiquities in the unofficial British empire; the relationship between archaeologists, art historians and artists; fundraising and patronage, and networks in the history of archaeology. Exposing the facets of the connections between archaeologists, politicians and practitioners of various disciplines broadens our understanding of how archaeological knowledge was collected. It illuminates the social historical context to archaeological work conducted by Britons abroad, specifically those archaeologists working in Egypt, the Sudan, Palestine and Transjordan. It also highlights the differences and similarities between men and women in archaeology. Using broad categories to map and highlight different kinds of connections between people, places and organisations, I examine the development of archaeology as a discipline, including a wide variety of practitioners often overlooked in traditional histories of archaeology. These connections have their roots in the social and political history of Britain and the British Empire, the context of a large proportion of late 19th and early 20th century archaeology. This research proposes that, as archaeological work, unlike many other scholarly activities, was conducted with the permission, aid and/or oversight of government officials, politicians, military officers, patrons, art historians, architects and artists - they all contributed to the development of archaeological methods and practice. The history of archaeology should reflect the complex network of organisations, transactions and personal relationships which make up the reality of archaeological work, while illuminating the historical, political and economic context in which such work took place.

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McKenzie, Kirsten Elizabeth. "Gender and honour in middle-class Cape Town : the making of colonial identities, 1828-1850." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f00a5b9b-2797-4e6e-9b75-159c1985b74a.

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This study comprises an examination of the role of ideas concerning gender roles and respectability in the elaboration of a specific notion of a white colonial middle class in Cape Town, Cape Colony, in the decades before the establishment of Representative Government at the Cape. It pays particular attention to the cultural interaction of the incoming British settlers with the older Dutch society already in place in Cape Town. The insertion of British middle-class ideals of domesticity into Cape society had a decisive impact upon the public culture which would underpin the new political dispensation in the colony when a Representative Assembly was set up in 1853. The thesis argues that the new colonial political order which was enshrined in the constitution of 1853 was grounded upon a new gender order which set out distinctive roles for middle-class men and women and which allowed for the expression of a particular kind of personal and social respectability. Political developments in the Cape colony were thus inextricably tied to the elaboration of this new gendered social system. The thesis approaches the question of white colonial identity through several avenues. These include: the creation of a public sphere and changes in commercial culture; the importance of issues of the family and domestic service in structuring reform initiatives; the nature of male and female honour and its defence through defamation cases; the role of marriage in Cape colonial society; and the mediation of sexual transgressions through religious and civil authorities. Finally, the manner in which domestic ideology impacted upon political culture is approached through two case studies of political crisis during this period. The thesis thus seeks to advance South African historiography by undercutting the traditional division between studies of private and public life at the Cape in this period.

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Holford, Naomi. "Making classed sexualities : investigating gender, power and violence in middle-class teenagers' relationship cultures." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/43004/.

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This thesis investigates gendered power relations, including violence, control and coercion, within teenage heterosexual relationships, and broader relationship cultures. It focusses on upper-middle class 14-16 year olds, whose sexualities – unlike those of working-class teenagers – are seldom seen as a social problem. It explores the interactions of romantic and sexual experiences with classed identities and social contexts, based on data generated within a large, high-performing state comprehensive in an affluent, ethnically homogenous (white) area of south-east England. The research, conducted in and outside school, used a mixed-methods approach, incorporating in-depth individual and paired interviews, and self-completion questionnaires. It draws on insights from feminist post-structural approaches to gender and sexualities, and is situated in relation to work that explores the negotiation of gender in “post-feminist” neoliberal societies. Despite (in some ways, because of) their privileged class positioning, these young people faced conflicting regulatory discourses. Heteronormative discourses, and gendered double standards, still shaped their (sexual) subjectivities. Sexuality was very public and visible, forming a claustrophobic regulatory framework restricting movements and choices, particularly girls’. But inequalities and violences were often obscured by powerful classed discourses of compulsory individuality, with young people compelled to perform an autonomous self even as they negotiated inescapably social networks of sexuality. These discourses could exacerbate inequalities, as participants denigrated others for vulnerability. A significant proportion of participants reported controlling, coercive or violent relationship experiences, but girls especially downplayed their importance. Girls shouldered the burden of emotion work, taking on responsibility for both their own and partners’ emotions. Sexual harassment and violence from peers were often regarded with resignation, and sometimes led to further victimisation from partners or peers. Policing of sexuality was bound up with classed prejudices and assumptions; participants’ performances of identity often rested on dissociation from the working class. Young middle-class people’s heterosexual subjectivities sat uneasily with educationally successful, future-oriented subjectivities; sexuality was an ever-lurking threat to becoming an educational and therefore classed success.

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Knapp, Kathryn Anderson. ""True to me"| Case studies of five middle school students' experiences with official and unofficial versions of history in a social studies classroom." Thesis, Kent State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3618880.

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This qualitative study addressed the problem of students' lack of trust of and interest in U.S. history and focused on students' experiences with official and unofficial versions of history in the middle school social studies classroom. A collective case study of five African American students was conducted in an eighth grade classroom at Carroll Academy, a public, urban charter school in Ohio. Interviews, questionnaires, observations, artifacts, and logs were collected and analyzed with a critical, interpretivist lens.

The findings included: (a) the students were suspicious of the official historical story in the form of their textbook and teacher; (b) they shared similar rationales for the perceived motivations behind the dishonest accounts in their textbooks, and the rationales changed in similar ways throughout the course of the project; (c) although they had limited experience with unofficial history before the project, they preferred to use unofficial historical sources with the condition that one eventually corroborates accounts with official sources; (d) the experience of studying family histories created race-related instances of contradiction between unofficial and official accounts in the classroom, and (e) students developed productive forms of resistance to the grand narrative in U.S. history by the end of the study.

The findings of the study offer implications for teachers of social studies. By using family history projects, teachers can engage students while helping them learn critical and historical thinking skills. They can provide a more inclusive social studies curriculum and can better understand their students' backgrounds and historical knowledge.

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Litwak, Jessica. "My Heart is in the East: Exploring Theater as a Vehicle for Change, Inspired by the Poetic Performances of Ancient Andalucía." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1432152428.

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Awass, Omer. "FATWA: THE EVOLUTION OF AN ISLAMIC LEGAL PRACTICE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON MUSLIM SOCIETY." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/259501.

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Religion
Ph.D.
My dissertation examines the transformation of Islamic legal discourse and the impact of that discourse on Muslim society. More particularly, it analyzes fatwas (religious legal edicts) over the course of Muslim history so as to determine how this legal mechanism was instrumental in the making and remaking of Islamic law and society. Historically speaking, substantive aspects of Islamic law developed out of the material of fatwas. In the very early stages of Islamic history there were no codified laws to guide people in their religious and social concerns, but the manner in which Muslims received guidance with regards to their religious practice was that they posed their concerns to early proto-jurists in the form of religio-legal questions, which these jurists addressed in the form of fatwas. Out of the critical mass of these fatwas, Islamic legal manuals began to be compiled and a definitive corpus of Islamic law came into being. Essentially, my investigation looks at the development and continuing evolution of Islamic law through lens of a particular legal practice: issuance of fatwas. By examining fatwas in different periods of Islamic history from the beginning until today, I chart the transformations that take place in Islamic legal tradition(s) as a result of the encounter with changing socio-historical conditions. More particularly, my analysis draws attention to the way in which legal practices amongst jurists created discursive shifts to established norms within Islamic legal discourse on how these discursive shifts contributed to the evolution of Islamic law. Moreover, by analyzing fatwas issued from Muslim jurists from various regions and periods, I identify how fatwas were essential catalysts for historical change, which gives us a better appreciation of the interrelationship between law and society. This historical foundation provides a basis for a diachronic assessment of the transformations that take place in Islamic legal tradition as a result of the encounter with colonialism. In latter part of my investigation, I examine how the practice and rationalization of fatwa has changed due to the ramifications of colonialism on the Muslim world. In this era, the established practices and doctrines of Islamic law were critiqued through the lens of modern Western ideas. This spawned modern Muslim movements that sought to reform Islamic law and redefine its relationship to the state and society. After historically establishing the ideas which were advocated by reformers, my goal is to assess whether those calls for reform have actually affected the practice Islamic law at the substantive and procedural levels. I do this by subjecting fatwas issued in the postcolonial period to critical analysis, so as to determine whether the procedures or rationale of fatwas have changed in a fundamental way. The larger themes that I address in my latter analysis is whether this modern trend amongst some Muslim thinkers and jurists towards contextually oriented legal concepts represents a lasting shift away from the traditional textually oriented legal methodology to produce a new type of discourse that is revolutionizing Islamic law or is it a passing phenomenon that will not make a lasting impact on how Islamic law is derived in the future. Fatwas are the key starting points in addressing these question because they represent the most elemental dimensions of Islamic law and the new legal developments within it. So, they offer vistas on how Muslim religious and legal practice will undergo a transformation in the future.
Temple University--Theses

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Wegwert, Joseph Charles. "Democracy Without Dialogue: A Civic Curriculum of “The Middle Class Promise” for Citizens of the Corporation." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1219155784.

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Naziri, Micah B. D. C. "Persistence of Jewish-Muslim Reconciliatory Activism in the Face of Threats and “Terrorism” (Real and Perceived) From All Sides." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch158125273779039.

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Mangini, Katerina. "The Sacred Space and Religious Identity among Yezidis: Accounting for the Lived Experiences of Internally Displaced Persons in Northern Iraq." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3645.

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Religion and religious ritual has been linked to providing individuals and entire communities with the ability to cope in the aftermath of life-changing traumas. This thesis explores the intersection of coping and ritual in the aftermath of the recent persecution of the Yezidi people. The methodology utilizes qualitative interviews and participant observation which was conducted in Ainkawa, Lalish and Bashiqa during fieldwork that took place in July 2017. A sample of 25 Yezidis who remain displaced in Northern Iraq were asked to describe their experience of coping in the aftermath of the Sinjar Massacre. I argue that the introduction of a baptismal ritual extended to adult women became a medium to reclaim identity. This allowed women who were abducted to symbolically re- declare themselves as Yezidi, cope with the trauma, reintegrate into the community and reclaim their identity through ritual, which presents healing in a framework that is largely relatable.

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Parrish, Donna North. "An American History Curriculum for Eighth Grade Gifted Students." UNF Digital Commons, 1987. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/675.

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The curriculum developed in this project was designed to meet the requirements of the Clay County gifted program. It provides a comprehensive American history curriculum, discovery through the Civil War, to promote mastery of the content area, increase involvement and interest of students in learning through the reduction of irrelevant and redundant material, and encourage individual initiative for one/sown investigations. The program consists of a series of independent studies in which the teacher is a facilitator who sets the stage and encourages students' endeavors. The study units developed for this project include objectives representing all levels in Bloom/s Taxonomy. The curriculum was evaluated by pilot-testing and surveying the students involved, as well as by surveying a team of teachers of the gifted and a university faculty member in social studies education.

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Knoll, Alina-Beth Drischell. "The newly established refugee: A qualitative study of Iraqi refugees in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1240312537.

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Shahrani, Shahreena. "The Social (Re)Construction of 'Urfi Marriage." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276045137.

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Harrison, Tracy Elizabeth. "Visualizing Complexity : A Spatial Analysis of Decorative Geometric Pattern in the Islamic World, 900-1400 AD." PDXScholar, 2005. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2434.

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This study explores how the use of complex decorative geometric patterns in Islamic architecture spatially relates to advances in the fields of science and philosophy in the Islamic world between the ninth and fourteenth centuries. This project examines hypotheses developed by vario~s scholars on the forces that shaped the use of these patterns (known as the geometric mode) in Islamic architecture. The prevailing assumption that advances in mathematics contributed to the use of the geometric mode is used as a starting point for subsequent analysis. For this study, two spatial databases were created. One contains over two hundred and twenty monuments of Islamic architecture exhibiting the geometric mode, while the other contains over one hundred records of activity in the sciences and philosophy. From these databases, decorative geometric pattern types were classified and ranked, and scholarly activities were classified. Density maps were developed from these classes and ranks for each century, and were compared in a series of analytical overlay maps. Each map depicts the spatial relationships of the activities in question over a span of three centuries, enabling a spatio-temporal analysis of the connections between disciplines within the context of the broader cultural elements at work. These maps allow for examination of these disciplines in a new way; there has never been a spatial analysis testing the existing hypotheses until now. The density overlay maps show that some of the prevailing hypotheses are partially supported by the data, but the primary hypothesized relationship-that activity in mathematics prompted use of the geometric mode-is not applicable to all regions of the Islamic world during this time period. The spatial analysis exposes the previously overlooked possibility that the geometric mode could have influenced activity in the sciences and philosophy. This study provides tools to better understand the complex relationships among art, science, and philosophy: two spatial databases, a geographic information systems (GIS) model, and resulting analytical overlay maps. The maps produced in this project reveal examples where the quality of contact among disciplines in these very specific times and places is worth examining in greater detail.

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Kassem, Madjdy. "The foreign policy of Anwar Sadat : continuity and change, 1970-1981." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:399e0973-167a-4747-937a-9cc3e83236f9.

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This thesis aims to examine both continuity and change in Egyptian foreign policy between 1970 and 1981. The overarching question of this work is: Why and how did President Sadat affect changes in foreign policy? More specifically, the thesis examines the evolution of Egyptian foreign policy in three concentric circles: the Superpowers, the Arab world, and Israel. The broader aim of the thesis is to provide a detailed study of Egyptian foreign policy in this period, which witnessed a multitude of watershed events. The topic is important because Egypt is a leading state in the Arab world, a core actor in the Arab-Israeli conflict, and a strategic ally of the superpowers during the Cold War. The thesis offers a detailed chronological account of Egyptian foreign policy during the 1970s. It advances a revisionist interpretation of the early Sadat years, arguing that there was much greater continuity with the foreign policy of Gamal Abdel-Nasser than is commonly believed. The account ends in 1981, with the assassination of Anwar Sadat and the succession of Hosni Mubarak. It is argued that Sadat not only managed to reverse Nasser’s radical path in foreign policy, but that he also succeeded in institutionalising his most significant policy changes: peace with Israel and the removal of Egypt from the Arab-Israeli conflict. The methodology of the thesis is principally empirical and qualitative in nature. The thesis is based on extensive archival research, recently declassified official documents, memoirs of policymakers in English and Arabic, and oral histories in the form of interviews and transcripts of discussions with former Egyptian policymakers.

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Reusch, Kathryn. ""That which was missing" : the archaeology of castration." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b8118fe7-67cb-4610-9823-b0242dfe900a.

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Castration has a long temporal and geographical span. Its origins are unclear, but likely lie in the Ancient Near East around the time of the Secondary Products Revolution and the increase in social complexity of proto-urban societies. Due to the unique social and gender roles created by castrates’ ambiguous sexual state, human castrates were used heavily in strongly hierarchical social structures such as imperial and religious institutions, and were often close to the ruler of an imperial society. This privileged position, though often occupied by slaves, gave castrates enormous power to affect governmental decisions. This often aroused the jealousy and hatred of intact elite males, who were not afforded as open access to the ruler and virulently condemned castrates in historical documents. These attitudes were passed down to the scholars and doctors who began to study castration in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, affecting the manner in which castration was studied. Osteometric and anthropometric examinations of castrates were carried out during this period, but the two World Wars and a shift in focus meant that castrate bodies were not studied for nearly eighty years. Recent interest in gender and sexuality in the past has revived interest in castration as a topic, but few studies of castrate remains have occurred. As large numbers of castrates are referenced in historical documents, the lack of castrate skeletons may be due to a lack of recognition of the physical effects of castration on the skeleton. The synthesis and generation of methods for more accurate identification of castrate skeletons was undertaken and the results are presented here to improve the ability to identify castrate skeletons within the archaeological record.

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Diwan, Naazneen S. "Female Legal Subjects And Excused Violence: Male Collective Welfare Through State-Sanctioned Discipline In The Levantine French Mandate And Metropolis." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1222186748.

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Wagner, Madison. "La modernité tunisienne dévoilée : une étude autour de la femme célibataire." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1368.

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This thesis explains recent accounts of discrimination and cutbacks in reproductive health spaces in Tunisia. Complicating dominant analyses, which attribute these events to the post-revolution political atmosphere which has allowed the proliferation of islamic extremism, I interpret these instances as a manifestation of a deeply rooted stigma against sexually active single women. I trace this stigma’s inception to the contradictory way that Habib Bourguiba conceptualized modernity after independence, and the responsibility he assigned to Tunisian women to embody that modernity. This responsibility remains salient today, and is putting Tunisian women in an increasingly untenable and vulnerable position. After independence, Bourguiba instated a series of policies and programs aimed at demonstrating the modernity of Tunisia. The success of Tunisia’s modernization was determined, and continues to be determined by the woman’s social transformation and embodiment of modernist values. Bourguiba’s modernist platform was constituted not only by typically ‘Western’ values, such as economic prosperity, family planning, education, and gender equality, but was also deeply informed by the islamic and cultural values that hold the woman’s primordial role to be mother and wife, and expect her to abstain from sex until marriage. The modern Tunisia woman thus became expected to both obtain higher levels of education and actively participate in the public sphere, and also uphold virtues around premarital virginity, marriage, and motherhood. Her fulfillment of these tasks marked the independent nation’s progress and modernity. Today, as more and more Tunisian women are increasingly empowered to fulfill one facet of their obligation and attend university, participate in the labor market, and make use of the growing contraceptive technologies available to them, they become more likely to postpone marriage and engage in premarital sexual relations. These latter behaviors transgress the second facet of the woman’s obligation, and threaten the very integrity of the modern nation. Women are thus becoming more and more subjected to societal punishment — stigma — which manifests in many forms, including discrimination in reproductive health care spaces.

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Wilman, Gabriel. "Degrees of causality an assessment of endogenous contributors to instability in jordan, syria, & turkey." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/641.

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The political instability of the Middle East is often perceived to be derived primarily from the interaction of Middle Eastern nations with external forces; with significant emphasis placed upon the disruptive effects of modern colonialism and Westernization. While this study does not seek to directly contest the catalytic primacy of exogenous factors, it does seek to establish the necessary causality of pre-existing internal factors. Rather than approaching the situation from a linear causal perspective, this assessment is oriented around an interdisciplinary examination of confluent factors. By examining the political history, ethno sociology, and economy of the region, the analysis investigates the underlying variables which have contributed to the instability of the Jordan, Syria, and Turkey. The primary conclusion of this analysis is that the interactions of multiple endogenous variables provide a basis of necessary causality which may be of equal causal import to that of modern colonialism and Westernization.
B.A.
Bachelors
Sciences
International and Global Studies

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Schroeder, Nicolas. "Terra familiaque Remacli: études sur le milieu social & matériel de l'abbaye de Stavelot-Malmedy, VIIe-XIVe siècle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209743.

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L'étude porte sur l'abbaye de Stavelot-Malmedy, de sa fondation au XIVe siècle. Elle analyse les interactions entre les communautés et leur environnement social et matériel. Une première partie reprend de manière critique l'histoire de l'abbaye, du milieu du VIIe au XIVe siècle. La seconde partie aborde les seigneuries de Stavelot-Malmedy comme des cadres de pouvoir et d'organisation économique. Les rapports avec l'aristocratie laïque sont également analysés. Enfin, une troisième partie envisage l'inscription des seigneuries des monastères dans l'espace, les conditions de géographie physique et l'impact des seigneuries sur les paysages et l'environnement.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
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Palaiologou, Polytimi-Maria. "L'itinéraire antihésychaste de Jean de Cyparission, le Sage, XIVe s. héritages et transformations." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210141.

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La présente recherche doctorale porte sur la contribution philosophico-théologique de Jean de Cyparission(XIVe s.). Opposé aux interprétations théologiques et ecclésiologiques d'une grande partie du courant hésychaste, le penseur nous propose un commentaire favorable à l'union ecclésiale, ainsi qu'à la bonne organisation spirituelle de l'Église orientale. L'élaboration des textes inédits et l'étude codicologique de divers manuscrits qui conservent la littérature antihésychaste de Jean, sont accompagnées d'une recherche prosopographique sur l'auteur, ainsi que d'un commentaire sur son appropriation des sources aristotéliciennes, néoplatoniciennes, stoïciennes, patristiques et byzantines.
Doctorat en Philosophie
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Zornetta, Giulia. "Italia meridionale longobarda (secoli VIII-IX) : competizione, conflittualità e potere politico." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16410.

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This thesis focuses on Lombard Southern Italy during the early middle ages and it analyses the history of political and social conflicts between the eighth and ninth century, taking into account the transformation of Lombard political power and social practices in this area. Starting from the eight-century judicial sources, this work explores political and social competition in the Beneventan region by taking into account its geographical position at the center of the Mediterranean see. Southern Italy was considered as a periphery, and sometimes as a frontier, by both the Carolingian and Byzantine empires, and endured almost a century of Muslims' attempts to conquer the peninsula. The first chapter focuses on the ducal period and investigates the formation and consolidation of the duke of Benevento's political authority before 774. During the seventh and eight centuries, the dukes developed a military and political autonomy in Southern Italy. This was due to the geographical position of the Duchy of Benevento in the Lombard Kingdom: it was far from Pavia, the king's capital city, and it was relatively isolated from other Lombard territories. Since a dynasty was established here as early as the seventh century, these dukes developed a strong and precocious political consciousness. As a result, they were particularly concerned with the formal representation of their authority, which is early attested in both coinage and diplomas. In this chapter, the analysis of the eight-century judicial records opens two important perspectives on the duke of Benevento's practices of power. Firstly, judicial assemblies were one of the most important occasions for the duke to demonstrate and exercise his authority in a public context. In contrast to all other Lombard dukes, who rendered judgement together with a group of officers, the duke of Benevento acted alone before the competing parties. By behaving exactly as the Lombard king would in Pavia, the duke was able to utilise the judicial domain as a sort of theatre in which to practice, legitimise and represent his own public authority in front of the local aristocracy. Secondly, the analysis of seven judicial case-studies suggests that the duke was not simply the sole political authority in Benevento but also the leading social agent in the whole Lombard southern Italy. Almost all the disputes transmitted by the twelfth-century cartularies implied a ducal action, donation or decision in the past, which became the main cause for later conflicts between the members of the lay élite and the monastic foundations of the region. Consequently, the analysis of judicial conflicts reveals more about the duke of Benevento's strategies and practices of power than about the lay and ecclesiastical élites' competition for power. Since there are no judicial records between 774 and the last decade of the ninth century, both conflicts and representations of authority in Lombard Southern Italy are analysed through other kinds of sources for this period. Chronicles, hagiographies, diplomas, and material sources are rich in clues about political and social competition in Benevento. By contrast, the late-ninth-century judicial records transmitted by cartularies and archives are quite different from the eighth-century documents: they have a bare and simple structure, which often hides the peculiarities of the single dispute by telling only the essentials of each conflict and a concise final judgement. In contrast to the sources of the ducal period, the ninth- and tenth-century judicial records often convey a flattened image of Lombard society. Their basic structure certainly prevents a focus on the representation of authority and the practices of power in southern Italy. On the contrary, these fields of inquiry are crucial to research both competition within the Beneventan aristocracy during the ninth century, and the relationship between Lombards and Carolingian after 774. After the fall of the Lombard Kingdom in 774, Charlemagne did not complete the military conquest of the Italian peninsula: the Duchy of Benevento was left under the control of Arechis (758-787), who proclaimed himself princeps gentis Langobardorum and continued to rule mostly independently. The confrontation and competition with the Frankish empire are key to understanding both the strengthening of Lombard identity in southern Italy and the formation of a princely political authority. The second account the historiography on the Regnum Italiae, the third section of this chapter focuses precisely on the ambitions of Louis II in Southern Italy and it analyses the implication that the projection of his rulership over this area had in shaping his imperial authority. Despite Louis II's efforts to control the Lombard principalities, his military and political experience soon revealed its limits. After the conquest of Bari in 871, Prince Adelchi imprisoned the emperor in his palace until he obtained a promise: Louis II swore not to return to Benevento anymore. Although the pope soon liberated the emperor from this oath, he never regained a political role in Southern Italy. Nevertheless, his prolonged presence in the region during the ninth century radically changed the political equilibrium of both the Lombard principalities and the Tyrrhenian duchies (i.e. Napoli, Gaeta, Amalfi). The fourth section focuses firstly on the competition between Louis II and Adelchi of Benevento, who obstinately defined his public authority in a direct competition with the Carolingian emperor. At the same time, the competition within the local aristocracy in Benevento radically changed into a small-scale struggle between the members of Adelchi's kingroup, the Radelchids. At the same time, some local officers expanded their power and acted more and more autonomously in their district, such as in Capua. When Louis II left Benevento in 871, both the Tyrrhenian duchies and the Lombard principalities in Southern Italy were profoundly affected by a sudden change in their mutual relations and even in their inner stability. The competition for power and authority in Salerno and Capua-Benevento also changed and two different political systems were gradually established in these principalities. Despite the radical transformation of internal competition and the Byzantine conquest of a large part of Puglia and Basilicata at the end of the ninth century, the Lombard principalities remained independent until the eleventh century, when Southern Italy was finally seized by Norman invaders.

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Moleko, Teboho Banele. "A critical analysis of the role of coltan in the Eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo’s second war (1998-2003)." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017864.

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The role of natural resources in African conflicts has been subject to extensive scholarly analysis. However, much of this analysis has taken a narrow economic reductionist bias. As such, it is imperative that the dominant assumptions and accepted concepts and theories about the role of natural resources in African conflicts be re-examined. The aim of this thesis is to offer a revaluation of the role of coltan during the Democratic Republic of Congo’s (DRC) Second War (1998-2003) through a critical engagement with the resource wars literature. The purpose is to offer a re-reading of the role of coltan in the DRC Second War and the broader regional and global economic context in which this conflict took place. It rejects the commonly cited assumption that the presence of coltan in the DRC means it is an initiator of conflict. Rather, this thesis argues that the central role of coltan in the DRC Second War was as an aggravator of conflict in that its exploitation was used by different parties to fund their military and political ambitions. This thesis also argues that the DRC’s weak state structures and pivotal role within the Great Lakes region, as well as the international trade of coltan and the nature of the DRC coltan mining industry are all key factors in understanding coltan exploitation in the country’s Eastern Region during the Second War.

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Shareefi, Adnan Osama. "The Role of American Islamic Organizations in Intercultural Discourse and Their Use of Social Media." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1499273914498808.

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Olsson, Susanna. ""Är det nu vi pratar om?" : En kvalitativ studie om hur lärare på mellanstadiet förhåller sig till historisk tid." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och kulturvetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78598.

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Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka hur lärare på mellanstadiet förhåller sig till historisk tid. Fokus var de undersökta lärarnas utsagor om hur de resonerar kring sin egen och sina elevers förståelse för historisk tid samt om lärarnas resonemang kring användandet av artefakter i undervisningen. Det är fem medverkande lärare i studien med olika erfarenheter i att undervisa i skolämnet historia. Lärarna har intervjuats och därefter har jag analyserat deras redogörelser utifrån Joel Rudnerts fyra beståndsdelar: sekvens, berättare, aktör och kanon. I undersökningen har det konstaterats utifrån lärarnas narrativa mönster om hur de resonerar kring sin undervisning att beståndsdelen sekvens är mycket framträdande. Förutom lärarnas intervjuer baseras detta arbete på tidigare forskning om barn och ungdomars förståelse för historisk tid. Joel Rudnert och Nanny Hartsmar är två framträdande forskare i syftet om att förstå hur barn och ungdomar ser på historisk tid. En av slutsatserna blev utifrån det att tidsuppfattning och historiemedvetande är sammanlänkande, samt att förståelsen för då-, nu- och framtid är en utvecklingsprocess. Mitt syfte med detta arbete är att öka kunskapen om hur elever på mellanstadiet uppfattar historisk tid och hur vi kan arbeta med begreppet i historieundervisningen.
The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate how middle school teachers relate to historical time. The focus was on the teachers´ statements about how they reason about their own and their students´ understanding of historical time, as well as the teachers reasoning about the use of artifacts in the education. There are five participating teachers in the study with different experiences in teaching of the school subject history. The teachers have been interviewed and then I have analyzed their statements based on Joel Rudnert's four components: sequence, narrator, actor and canon. In the study, it has been established from the teachers' narrative pattern of how they reason about their teaching that the component “sequence” is very prominent. Definitions of sequence can appear in different ways, such as a large narrative or year mark on a timeline. In addition to the teachers 'interviews, this work is based on past research on children and adolescents' understanding of historical time. Joel Rudnert and Nanny Hartsmar are two prominent researchers with the aim of understanding how children and young people see history. One of the conclusions was based on the fact that time perception and historical consciousness are interconnected, and that understanding of the past, now and future is a developmental process. Scientist are also debating about if the children needs to have the understanding about their own personal time before they can handle historical time. In this study, historical time will not be defined based on the period when the written sources emerged. Instead the study will focus on the aspects of time that are a result of history. My aim with this work is to increase knowledge about how middle school students perceive historical time and how we as teachers can work with this in our teaching of history.

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Raga, Emmanuelle. "Le Banquet et la "transformation du monde romain": entre Romanitas, Barbaritas et Christianisme :espace romain occidental, IVe-VIe siècle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209918.

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Ma thèse se concentre sur la question de la transformation de la pratique du banquet classique face, d’une part, à la nouvelle situation sociopolitique découlant de l’installation des royaumes dits successeurs et de la dissolution des structures politiques classiques ;et d’autre part, face à l’intensification de ce que l’on appelle communément la « christianisation » du monde romain. Mes recherches concernent le monde romain occidental (Gaule, Italie et Espagne) à partir du moment où le discours ascétique oriental se diffuse massivement en occident dans la seconde moitié du IVe siècle, mettant fin à ce que Robert Markus appelle le « christianisme antique ». La question principale de ma thèse concerne le discours chrétien et ascétique qui porte sur les questions alimentaires et les réponses données par les groupes sociaux dont l’usage du banquet classique est suffisamment documenté. En l’occurrence les aristocrates (en ce compris les évêques), les communautés cénobitiques et le mouvement anachorétique. La seconde question abordée dans mes recherches est celle posée par la présence « barbare » et l’image du mangeur barbare en ces siècles de transition socioculturelle. Le terminus ante quem de mes recherches se situe à la fin du VIe siècle, en un monde romain désormais indubitablement transformé.

La mia tesi si incentra sulla questione della trasformazione della pratica classica del banchetto nel confronto, da una parte con la nuova situazione sociale e politica dovuta all’insediamento dei regni post-romani, e, dall’altra, con l’intensificazione della cosiddetta “cristianizzazione” del mondo romano. La tesi riguarda lo spazio romano occidentale (cioè Gallia, Italia, Spagna) a partire dal momento in cui si diffonde la grande moda dell’ascetismo orientale dalla seconda metà del IV secolo. La questione principale della tesi, che occupa i capitoli tre e quattro, riguarda il discorso cristiano e ascetico sull’alimentazione e poi le risposte date dai gruppi sociali il cui uso del banchetto è documentato a sufficienza, in fatti specie gli aristocratici, il mondo monastico, e gli eremiti. I due primi capitoli riguardano, rispettivamente, la pratica del banchetto classico nella tarda antichità e la questione della presenza “barbara” e dell’immagine del mangiatore barbaro in quei secoli. La conclusione della tesi si colloca alla fine del VI secolo, in un momento in cui il mondo romano è indubbiamente trasformato.

My doctoral thesis concentrates on the question of the transformation of the classical banquet through the encounter with, on the one hand, the new sociopolitical situation due to the migration and installation of the new successor kingdoms ;and on the other hand, with the intensification of the Christianization of the Roman world. My research focuses on the Western Roman world (Gaul, Italy and Spain) from the moment in which the eastern ascetic discourse spreads widely in the West in the second half of the 4th century, causing what Robert Markus calls “The end of Ancient Christianity”. The main question of my thesis regards the Christian and ascetic discourse on food practices and the answers given by the social groups who’s uses of the banquet is documented enough. In this case, the aristocrats (within which the bishops), the monastic communities and the hermits. The second question taken into consideration in my thesis is the one presented by the “barbarian” presence and the literary image of the barbarian eater in these centuries of socio cultural transformation. The terminus ante quem of my research is placed at the end of the 6th century, in a undoubtly transformed Roman world.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
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Jourdain, Virginie. "L'Hôtellerie bruxelloise, 1880-1940: acteurs, structures et logiques spatiales d'un secteur multiforme." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209798.

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Au-delà des perspectives offertes par les premières études historiques dans le domaine de l’hôtellerie, nous avons voulu souligner au travers de cette thèse combien l’hébergement temporaire payant dans la ville ne pouvait clairement pas se concevoir de manière unidimensionnelle. L’hôtellerie ne doit pas être considérée comme une industrie tournée exclusivement vers les habitudes touristiques des plus fortunés, ni être cantonnée aux chambrées ouvrières misérables. Entre ces deux extrêmes, quantité de maisons se sont adaptées à une multitude de demandes. A cet égard, Bruxelles, ville capitale, constitue entre 1880 et 1940 un terrain de recherche idéal qui permet d’adopter un angle d’approche très large pour étudier l’industrie de l’accueil temporaire urbain.

Notre étude s’articule autour de trois points principaux.

Tout d’abord, préalable indispensable, nous avons analysé de manière extensive la nature de notre objet d’étude afin de dépasser les simplifications arbitraires posées antérieurement entre hôtellerie de tourisme et autres établissements d’accueil. Notre première partie s’attache donc à donner sens aux différentes matérialisations de l’hébergement payant dans la ville (hôtels, pensions, palaces, garnis, meublés…) à travers leurs définitions lexicologique, littéraire, corporative, officielle et législative. Quelles sont les caractéristiques de l’hôtellerie de tourisme et quand cesse-t-elle de l’être ?Quel regard portent les autorités publiques sur ce monde protéiforme, fondamentalement hétérogène et par conséquent insaisissable ?

Dans la seconde partie, nous donnons un visage et une voix à cette hôtellerie bruxelloise en identifiant plus précisément les acteurs du milieu, notamment par le biais de ses associations professionnelles et de ses dirigeants. Nœud central de notre exposé, l’image négative traditionnelle véhiculée par le métier pèse encore de manière significative au XIXe mais aussi au XXe siècle dans les jugements portés sur la profession. La perception identitaire propre des hôteliers de leur métier en est profondément influencée. Ces opinions nourrissent un besoin fondamental de la grande hôtellerie de se différencier des petites maisons familiales amateures par le biais notamment du développement à cette période d’une formation professionnelle nouvelle et rationalisée et d’une position ambiguë par rapport aux revendications des organisations de classes moyennes.

Enfin, la troisième partie de la thèse s’attache à adjoindre corps à notre travail en replaçant l’hôtellerie dans sa réalité physique au sein de la ville de Bruxelles. Cette question essentielle est développée grâce à la réalisation systématique de plusieurs cartes de localisation basées sur des sources variées telles que des annuaires de commerces, des guides, des cartes postales etc. Au terme de cette analyse, c’est une nouvelle carte des usages de la ville aux logiques spécifiques qui se dessine, celle de ses consommateurs migrants, mobiles ou étrangers.

Notre thèse se veut donc d’abord un témoignage de la nature complexe de l’industrie de l’accueil à Bruxelles et de ses transformations incessantes au cours d’une phase décisive de son évolution. Par ce portrait humain et spatial, il s’agit de souligner l’empreinte originale indéniable que le secteur a laissée dans la vie de la capitale. L’hôtellerie, même si elle se tourne prioritairement vers les voyageurs, appartient fondamentalement au passé de la capitale. Ses pensions, ses meublés comme les maisons de plus grande importance, ont tous participé directement au développement de la cité et ont permis que cette dernière puisse réguler efficacement les flux démographiques et migratoires qu’elle a de tout temps suscités. Elle ne constitue donc pas un corps étranger, extérieur ou anecdotique à la ville qui justifierait un trop long silence académique.

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Beyond the prospects offered by the first historical studies in the field of hospitality, we wanted to show through this thesis how temporary accommodation in the city could not be seen as a one-dimensional sector. Hotel should not be considered as an industry exclusively focused on wealthy tourists habits, or be confined to the wretched workers pensions. Between these two extremes, different houses offered specific services to a multitude of clients. Brussels, as a capital city, allows adopting a broad angle for studying the urban temporary hospitality industry between 1880 and 1940.Our study focuses on three main points.

First of all, we have extensively analyzed our subject’s nature to exceed the arbitrary simplifications previously done between tourism hotel and other forms of inns. Therefore, first chapter attaches to give meaning to accommodations’ different implementations in the city (as hotels, boarding houses, palaces…) by studying their definitions in dictionaries, literature, professional press, legislative texts, etc.

In the second part, we gave a face and a voice to this Brussels hotel industry by specifically identifying its hoteliers, its professional associations and its leaders. Central point of our presentation, the ancient and traditional negative image of the hotel industry still exists in the 19th and 20th c. Hoteliers’ self perception is profoundly influenced by this negative reputation. These opinions feed luxury hotels’ desperate need to differentiate themselves from small family boarding houses.

Finally, third chapter attaches to add body to our study by analyzing Brussels’ hotel industry in its physical reality. This essential question is developed through several location maps which are based on varied archives such as almanacs, travel guides, postcards etc. This way, a new map of the uses of the city emerges: a map of migrants and foreign consumers’mobilities.

This thesis shows the complex nature of hospitality industry in Brussels and its transformations in a decisive historical phase. Pensions as palaces are deeply involved in Brussels’ urban development. They have regulated demographic and migratory flows to the capital. Therefore they cannot anymore be considered as superficial and anecdotic actors in urban life.

Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
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Rasmussen, Mark Norman. "A multimedia website for the Battle of Gettysburg." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2593.

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This thesis explains the development of a website for eighth graders about the Battle of Gettysburg. One purpose of the project is to provide several primary source documents, pictures, video from a reenactment of the Battle of Gettysburg, clips from movies about the Civil War, and other material that suppport the students in their learning. The second purpose is to fulffill standard 8.10 of History-Social Science Content Standards for eight grade. This project will help students fulfill this requirement.

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Leroy, Didier. "La résilience islamique au Liban: contribution à l'étude de l'évolution idéologique et structurelle du Hezbollah." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210071.

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Depuis les attentats du 11 septembre 2001, le galvaudage intensif du concept d’« islamisme » par les sphères médiatiques et politiques a eu pour effet de catégoriser de manière simpliste et illusoire des phénomènes sociaux très différents de par le monde, dans le registre du terrorisme. Dans ce contexte, le Hezbollah libanais -pourtant chiite et farouchement opposé à Al-Qaïda- a acquis un statut particulier dans la mesure où le Secrétariat d’Etat américain l’a désigné comme la principale menace terroriste dès 2002. Nous proposons ici une recherche casuistique sur le « Parti de Dieu ». Etude longitudinale retraçant l’évolution de ce mouvement milicien devenu parti politique, notre travail vise à mieux cerner ce « fait social » et à situer celui-ci au sein du vaste spectre des islams politiques. Nous synthétisons ici les phases de maturation idéologique que celui-ci a connues depuis son émergence et retraçons l’évolution structurelle de ce parti politique avant tout caractérisé par son projet de « société résistante ». Chacun de ces deux volets (idéologique et structurel) laisse entrevoir les interactions bilatérales qui se sont créées, dans la diachronie, entre le religieux et le politique au sein du Hezbollah, mais illustre surtout la soumission polymorphe de l’un comme de l’autre à la cause inébranlable de la résistance face à Israël. L’élément fondamentalement nouveau que nous apportons à la littérature scientifique spécialisée est une grille d’interprétation du cheminement global d’une grande partie de la communauté chiite du Liban. Celle-ci a pour point de départ le concept -initialement psychologique- de « résilience », et propose la transposition de ce dernier dans le champ sociopolitique. L’analyse qui en découle met en perspective l’« idéologie résiliente » et la « structure résiliente » que le Hezbollah a progressivement développées dans une optique stratégique.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Vimont, Michael. "The anthropological construction of Czech identity : academic and popular discourses of identity in 20th century Bohemia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bb316968-60a1-472c-bee4-b8de3af5ebbd.

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Through close textual analysis of 20^th century Czech anthropological texts from the Revivalist and Socialist periods and contemporary social research conducted after the Velvet Revolution, I demonstrate certain prominent discourses of identity developed in early Bohemian anthropology and their continuities in present day popular discourses. In each period, identity is deeply intertwined with teleological theories of history with Czech populations at the apex of cultural evolutionary development. In the Revivalist period this apex was believed to be the democratic nation state, transitioning to a Marxist nation state in the Socialist period, and in the contemporary period is conceived of as a neoliberal nation state. A major function of anthropology in the Revivalist and Socialist periods was to legitimate either period’s respective teleological theory and Czech possession of relevant values as 'objective' and 'natural' fact, a general mode of discourse which continued in the contemporary period in numerous editorials in the 1990s on the advantages of capitalism. The contemporary manifestation has particularly noteworthy consequences for the Roma minority, which I argue has provided Czech discourses with an ethnic category 'anti-thetical' to their own identity, providing a 'repository' for negative Czech self-stereotypes emerging from collaboration in the Socialist period.

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Keller, Rodolphe. "Les profits de la guerre : prédation et pouvoir dans le monde franc (VIe - Xe siècle)." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00959337.

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La prédation - pillages, prises de captifs et prélèvements tributaires - est un aspect important de la pratique guerrière dans les sociétés du haut Moyen Âge. Elle met en circulation de grandes quantités de richesses qui viennent alimenter les trésors des rois et des potentes. Cette étude vise à en dégager le rôle dans le fonctionnement et la reproduction des pouvoirs, dans le monde franc du VIe au Xe siècle.Les enjeux sont nombreux. L'appropriation de biens par la guerre est déterminante dans la capacité des grands à mobiliser des combattants, qui bénéficient d'une part de ces richesses. En outre, elle leur permet d'accumuler des biens de prestige essentiels dans la praxis aristocratique : objets précieux, armes, chevaux... Ces biens alimentent les échanges matériels entre les élites. Ils peuvent être distribués aux fidèles ou donnés à d'autres princes. La prédation est également facteur de gloire. Le butin fait parfois l'objet de pratiques ostentatoires illustrant la victoire des chefs de guerre.Si elle est facteur de cohésion, la prédation est aussi au centre de concurrences. La royauté franque impose une domination tributaire aux gentes voisines, ce qui apparaît aussi bien comme un moyen de stabiliser l'espace frontalier que d'institutionnaliser à son profit exclusif l'appropriation prédatrice. Les grands en charge des espaces frontaliers tendent au contraire à multiplier les confrontations guerrières afin d'en retirer les bénéfices. Parallèlement, l'expansion franque se traduit par une forte compétition entre les acteurs pour le contrôle des ressources foncières. Cette étude montre ainsi comment la question de la prédation éclaire sous un angle nouveau le rapport entre élites et richesse dans le monde franc.

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Senate, University of Arizona Faculty. "Faculty Senate Minutes January 22, 2018." University of Arizona Faculty Senate (Tucson, AZ), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626508.

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Roger, Ludwig. "De l'Europe du Sud-est à la Région Mer Noire : une Süd-Ost Politik pour la Commission européenne? De l'endiguement de l'Union Soviétique à l'élargissement de l'Union européenne." Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01067138.

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Réinscrivant le processus d'intégration européenne dans une Histoire de la Guerre froide et post-Guerre froide et plus généralement dans une histoire européenne plus longue que le seul XXe siècle, cette thèse explore l'histoire des relations de la Commission européenne avec la périphérie sud-orientale du continent. La longue période chronologique étudiée permets de mettre en exergue les " forces profondes " qui se tiennent derrières les actions de l'exécutif de la CEE/UE dans une région critique pour l'Europe. Pour se faire, nous nous sommes basés sur les archives de la Commission européenne, du Conseil, du Département d'État américain, des Ministères des affaires étrangères français et britannique, de la bibliothèque de Cluj-Napoca en Roumanie et d'entretiens.Divisée en quatre parties, chacune se centrant sur une période chronologique, ce travail analyse l'action de la Commission face aux changements qui ont bouleversé l'Europe du Sud-est entre 1960 et 2010. L'adaptation constante de la politique de la Commission, de la " doctrine de l'Association " à la Synergie de la Mer Noire, nous ont amené à développer l'idée d'une Süd-ost politik qui se met en place dès le début des années 1960. Cependant, contrairement à l'Ostpolitik de Bonn, il ne s'agit pas pour Bruxelles d'aller vers les États communistes du Sud-est européen ou l'Union soviétique, mais plutôt de lutter contre leur influence. La Süd-Ost politik communautaire est clairement anticommuniste et antirusse.La Communauté fait barrage à Moscou en étendant le modèle de la démocratie libérale capitaliste dans la zone autour des Détroits. La situation stratégique d'Athènes, d'Ankara et plus tard de Tbilissi ou Kiev n'est pas oubliée par Bruxelles. Ainsi, la Commission s'inscrit dans une plus longue histoire, son action fait écho à la lutte entre Paris, Londres et Saint-Pétersbourg pour le contrôle des Détroits, aux tentatives des États de la région de copier les modèles nationaux d'Europe de l'Ouest et à la politique orientale des Puissances occidentales après 1918.Cependant, la Commission doit ménager des État membres qui lui rappellent sans cesse que ces actions doivent rester limitées aux traités. L'Avis sur la Grèce en 1976 marque le point culminant de ce débat entre Conseil et Commission. Parallèlement, au cours des années 1970, Bruxelles veille à ne pas laisser émerger dans sa périphérie des organisations qui pourraient la concurrencer. Il en sera ainsi de la Conférence pour la coopération et la sécurité en Europe et de son volet méditerranéen mais aussi de la Coopération Balkanique.Si la chute de l'Union soviétique fait naitre des hésitations sur la conduite à suivre vis-à-vis de l'Europe du Sud-est et sa nouvelle extension vers le Caucase et dans les anciennes républiques soviétiques. Bien vite la Commission revient à sa politique d'extension du modèle européen. Cependant, le centre des préoccupations communautaire n'est plus la Grèce ou la Turquie. Avec l'effondrement de l'Empire soviétique, le champ d'action de la Communauté -devenue Union- s'est élargi à l'ensemble de la Région Mer Noire.Pourtant, la non résolution du problème de Chypre, l'instabilité financière de la Grèce, les crises politiques turques, le maintien hors de Schengen de la Roumanie et de la Bulgarie sont des exemples des difficultés rencontrées par la Communauté dans la région.La guerre en Géorgie et l'annexion de la Crimée par la Russie à la suite de la révolution à Kiev illustrent que le processus " doux " d'inoculation des valeurs du Traité de Rome ne va pas de soi du moment que celui-ci rencontre une opposition " dure ". Nous achevons notre réflexion en nous posant la question de la capacité de l'Union et de la Commission à absorber à terme l'ensemble de la Mer Noire ce qui mettrait la Mésopotamie et l'Asie centrale en contact direct avec le processus d'intégration européenne.Il s'agit maintenant de savoir si la Mer Noire deviendra un " lac Européen".

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Van, Winkle Kristina A. "Educating for Global Competence: Co-Constructing Outcomes in the Field: An Action Research Project." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1626442252415126.

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Grillon, Guillaume. "L'ultime message : étude des monuments funéraires de la Bourgogne ducale XIIe - XVIe siècles." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00717693.

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Le monument funéraire a longtemps été négligé par les historiens. Comme les obituaires et les testaments, il révèle autant la relation du défunt à la mort que la gestion de sa mémoire par ses héritiers. Cette étude montre d'abord la richesse du mobilier funéraire médiéval de la Bourgogne ducale. À la diversité typologique s'ajoute la richesse de l'iconographie avec l'importance du nombre de monuments à effigies. Ces tombes matérialisent une sépulture de prestige. A l'origine réservée aux grands prélats et aux princes, l'inhumation ad ecclesiam s'étend progressivement à l'aristocratie féodale puis aux bourgeois. La localisation et la matérialisation de la sépulture par un monument reflètent aussi l'évolution de la piété médiévale. Les données épigraphiques et l'iconographie indiquent la mutation d'une piété " gothique " vers une piété plus flamboyante. Mais la volonté de transmettre une mémoire est un souci au moins aussi important que celui du salut de l'âme. Malgré une typologie complexe et une évolution formelle constante, le monument funéraire médiéval conserve une ligne directrice fondée sur la memoria du défunt. Il trahit cependant des stratégies tant sociales que sotériologiques. D'une part, il reflète son auctoritas, et par-delà, celle de son groupe social. D'autre part, il participe activement à son accomplissement spirituel.

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Masson, Juliette. "Geoffroi du Loroux et l'architecture religieuse en Aquitaine au XIIème siècle." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00735961.

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Cette étude menée sur les fondations canoniales de Geoffroy du Loroux, archevêque de Bordeaux de 1136 à 1158, a pour objectif de montrer une implication du prélat dans le parti architectural de ses fondations qui présentent a priori une similitude en plan et en élévation. Grand artisan de la réforme grégorienne en Aquitaine, l'action de Geoffroy du Loroux est bien cernée par sa collection de sermons mais ses fondations n'ont jamais fait l'objet d'une étude de synthèse. Chacune des quatre fondations attribuées à l'archevêque, l'Isle et Pleine-Selve (Gironde), Sablonceaux (Charente-Maritime) et Fontaine-le-Comte (Vienne), a été soumise à une analyse architecturale approfondie, complétée d'une étude métrologique, afin d'appréhender chaque édifice dans sa globalité. Les éléments conservés du XIIe siècle ont ensuite été soumis à une étude comparative. En outre, une discussion est menée autour de l'attribution à Geoffroy du Loroux de la reconstruction de la cathédrale de Bordeaux dès le XIIe siècle.Il s'avère que les fondations liées à Geoffroy du Loroux adoptent un parti architectural stéréotypé et d'une esthétique ostensiblement austère. L'archevêque apparaît comme un prélat soucieux de laisser à ses successeurs des modèles pour transmettre le message de la réforme grégorienne, tant au travers de ses sermons qu'au niveau de ses fondations. Ces dernières se devaient d'être représentatives d'une grande humilité et du retour à la rigueur prôné par la réforme, en totale opposition avec le faste clunisien. Ce travail amène à s'interroger sur le rôle des collégiales qui, utilisées tel un outil de diffusion de la réforme, ont pu freiner l'implantation de Cluny dans le Bordelais.

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Simon, Aurore-Diane. "Implantations, activités et relations des établissements d'assistance en Bourgogne à la fin du Moyen Age." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00796994.

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L'étude présentée ici est le résultat d'un inventaire des établissements d'assistance présents dans les limites des diocèses d'Autun, d'Auxerre, de Chalon-sur-Saône, de Nevers et du sud du diocèse de Langres, entre les XIIe et XVe siècles, cette aire d'étude correspondant ainsi à un espace d'influence bourguignonne. À partir des données récoltées, un atlas de l'assistance et un répertoire des sources sur les hôpitaux médiévaux de l'espace bourguignon ont été réalisés. Les informations ainsi compilées se sont révélées être très variées, mais aussi particulièrement hétéroclites. Malgré tout, une réflexion a été menée au sujet des caractéristiques de ces hôpitaux et de leurs rapports avec les milieux économiques, religieux, politiques et sociaux qui les environnent. Elle s'articule donc autour de trois parties abordant tour à tour l'influence de facteurs extérieurs sur la création et l'implantation des hôpitaux, puis les interactions entre les structures hospitalières avec les milieux où elles se trouvent ainsi que la façon dont elles peuvent être instrumentalisées, et enfin elle met en parallèle l'évolution des établissements d'assistance avec celle de la société et des rapports de pouvoirs. Il en ressort, entre autres, que les établissements d'assistance sont des points de repère dans la construction du paysage médiéval, qu'ils sont importants pour l'équilibre de la société, mais qu'ils ont également joué un rôle majeur dans les jeux de pouvoirs et dans l'expression de la foi chrétienne médiévale.

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Lefèvre, Benjamin. "La fabrique urbaine d'Angers du 3e au 13e siècle." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551376.

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L'objectif de ce travail est de déterminer les processus à l'œuvre dans le développement d'Angers sur une période s'étendant de l'édification de l'enceinte de la Cité au tournant des 3e – 4e s. jusqu'à l'édification d'une nouvelle enceinte au milieu du 13e s. Trois approches ont été retenues. La première est une analyse de certains aspects de la topographie historique : morphologie parcellaire, réseaux viaires, quartiers à dominante ecclésiastique et funéraire. À partir de la documentation historique, matérielle comme écrite, la deuxième approche s'intéresse aux territoires en tant que tels : civitas, urbs, suburbium, burgus et parrochia. Tous se rapportent à tout ou partie de la ville, fractions de l'espace urbain autonomisées par certains groupes sociaux en fonction de besoins propres. La dernière approche traite des relations mettant en jeu les acteurs et leurs territoires à travers la manière dont ceux-ci appréhendent et mobilisent leur espace, considérant que leurs actions traduisent leurs représentations spatiales. Un chapitre conclusif de modélisation chrono-chorématique mobilise l'ensemble des informations traitées et des conclusions avancées et met en évidence les structures sous-jacentes de l'agglomération.

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Tami, Alan. "L'art de la guerre au temps des croisades (491/1098 - 589/1193) : Du théocentrisme irrationnel aux influences mutuelles et adaptations pragmatiques dans le domaine militaire." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00735126.

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Jusqu'aux croisades, les rencontres entre l'Orient musulman et l'Occident chrétien avaient été réduites à des échanges commerciaux anecdotiques ainsi qu'à de rares pèlerinages en Terre sainte. Et alors que les musulmans méprisaient souverainement des peuplades septentrionales vouées, selon eux, à l'égarement et à l'ignorance, les Occidentaux avaient fait de la jeune religion orientale et de ses sectateurs l'Antéchrist de leur eschatologie apocalyptique. Tous étaient imprégnés d'un théocentrisme intransigeant ne laissant aucune place à un Autre ignoré ou abhorré, si ce n'est celle de l'Ennemi. Il fallut donc une guerre généralisée entre ces deux ensembles civilisationnels aux antipodes pour qu'enfin ils se rencontrent et se côtoient durablement, jusqu'à estomper en partie des préjugés et des images déformées longtemps entretenus. Paradoxalement, la guerre et ses principales émanations (la stratégie, la tactique, l'armement et l'architecture militaire) allaient être les causes d'une meilleure connaissance mutuelle. En cherchant à répondre au mieux au défi militaire lancé par l'adversaire, chacun fut contraint de scruter les intentions, la mentalité, et surtout l'art de la guerre de l'autre ; ainsi, on n'hésita pas à en copier les concepts et les procédés jugés profitables, de même que les deux camps firent montre, dans ce domaine, d'une adaptabilité multiforme exceptionnelle. En somme, loin de la vision répandue présentant les croisades comme des conflits séculaires purement religieux ayant opposé de manière manichéenne deux conceptions monolithiques et hermétiques du monde et de la guerre, il semblerait en réalité que la Syrie du XIIe siècle fut d'abord un creuset d'échanges dans lequel le maître mot était "pragmatisme".

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48

Särnbrink, My. "Arns makt : Representationer av makt, positivt kapital och livsmål i berättelserna om tempelriddaren Arn." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kultur, samhälle, mediegestaltning, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-70805.

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Uppsatsen behandlar böckerna och filmerna om Arn och undersöker genom berättelserna vilka representationer av makt, positivt kapital och livsmål som gestaltas. Uppsatsen baseras på den teoretiska tanken att populärkultur innehåller representationer med budskap, värderingar, normer och föreställningar gällande vår verklighet och därigenom påverkar vår uppfattning om världen, vår plats i samhället, vår identitet och vår uppfattning om vad som är värdefullt, viktigt och sant.
My Särnbrink hette tidigare My Ravin.

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49

Pfeil, Helen Elizabeth. "Raising colonial families : the upper-middle-class in Eastern Australia, 1840-1900." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150359.

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Bargach, Jamila. "Between prescription and proscription: Adoption, kafala, and abandoned children in Morocco." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/19244.

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Conventional interpretations agree that Islamic jurisprudence officially prohibits adoption. Anthropologists have thus tended to presume that adoption does not exist in the Muslim world. This dissertation explores a conflicted and complex array of practices--extra-legal, illegal, customary, and religiously valorized--that fill the lacuna which official proscription leaves open. It focuses particularly upon two such practices: secret adoptions, which are considered a criminal activity and therefore create a fragile legal fiction of family continuity; and kafala (tutelage-fostering) which is religiously encouraged but creates an equally fragile family unit in which there is no continuity. The dissertation further addresses the failure of the one legal practice (kafala) to absorb the rapidly increasing number of "illegitimate" and unwanted children, and the consequent emergence of what has recently been identified as a national crisis: that of abandoned children. The dissertation explores legal, historic, literary, sociological, and administrative literature, and is based on field research combining interviews and participant volunteering. I examine adoption as a practice and juxtapose legal apparatus, state and bureaucratic edifice, the world of development and philanthropy, individual and family stories, and elements of the cultural repertoire to depict the highly fluid world of secret adoptions and kafala within Moroccan society. Through adoptions, kafala, and abandoned children, this dissertation analyzes core symbols and institutions in Moroccan society--family, state, social politics, affect--and performs a cultural critique of their internal mechanisms.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Social sciences -> history -> middle eastern history'

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