Journal articles on the topic 'Social Policy Space'
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Anderies, John M., Jean-Denis Mathias, and Marco A. Janssen. "Knowledge infrastructure and safe operating spaces in social–ecological systems." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 12 (August 15, 2018): 5277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802885115.
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Maintaining safe operating spaces for exploited natural systems in the face of uncertainty is a key sustainability challenge. This challenge can be viewed as a problem in which human society must navigate in a limited space of acceptable futures in which humans enjoy sufficient well-being and avoid crossing planetary boundaries. A critical obstacle is the nature of society as a controller with endogenous dynamics affected by knowledge, values, and decision-making fallacies. We outline an approach for analyzing the role of knowledge infrastructure in maintaining safe operating spaces. Using a classic natural resource problem as an illustration, we find that a small safe operating space exists that is insensitive to the type of policy implementation, while in general, a larger safe operating space exists which is dependent on the implementation of the “right” policy. Our analysis suggests the importance of considering societal response dynamics to varying policy instruments in defining the shape of safe operating spaces.
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Harris, Hannah E., and Pedro Russo. "The influence of social movements on space astronomy policy." Space Policy 31 (February 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spacepol.2014.08.009.
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Gomes Vieira, Fernanda Diógenes, Raphael de Almeida Leitão, Dr Afonso Farias de Sousa Júnior, and Dr Murillo de Oliveira Dias. "Space Debris Mitigation and the Brazilian Foreign Space Policy." Noble International Journal of Scientific Research, no. 52 (October 27, 2021): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51550/nijsr.52.16.21.
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This article addressed the importance of adopting space debris mitigation strategies based on Brazilian government policy. Key findings pointed out that space debris is an issue with social, environmental, and economic impacts on global scale. Additionally, the Brazilian Government guarantees national security and establishes its aerospace sovereignty. Findings pointed out the relevance of space debris mitigation as a crucial government policy to address the creation of general Brazilian space law, as well as the opportunity for investments in the space sector as a whole in order to provide the training of civilians and military in the development of equipment to remedy the problem. Discussion on case implications and future research recommendations compile the present work.
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Gershberg, Alec Ian. "Regional Science and Policy School Space." International Regional Science Review 18, no. 2 (April 1995): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016001769501800217.
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Słomczyńska, Irma. "Governance within European Space Policy." Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej, no. 14 (December 31, 2020): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/rie.2020.14.18.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze ESP in the context of different modes of governance. Assuming that ESP is a unique and multidimensional product of dynamic political, technological, and social processes and ideas coordinated by the EU, its member states as well as non-member ones and implemented in an international environment, there are some research questions to be answered. First, is there any particular mode of governance that should be applied to the analysis of ESP implementation? Second, in what way the EU introduced space policy and space assets to the European agenda? Third, how ESP can be framed within the overall process of European integration? A qualitative research approach has been applied as well as theoretic apparatus embedded in European integration studies and political science. The main finding of the article is that the most promising way of governance within ESP is experimentalist governance. The originality of the article results from the application of the newly established experimentalist governance theory to an analysis of the increasingly important segment of EU activity.
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Purkarthofer, Judith. "Building expectations: Imagining family language policy and heteroglossic social spaces." International Journal of Bilingualism 23, no. 3 (February 9, 2017): 724–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006916684921.
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Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: The article examines the language expectations of three couples with different language backgrounds – each expecting their first child. The study addresses three related questions: In what ways are linguistic resources imagined by the future parents? What social spaces and relations do they envision themselves and their child moving in, and how is this relevant for their family language policy? Design/methodology/approach: Situated within an ethnographic framework, speaker-centred qualitative methods (language portraits, biographic narratives) are combined with the analysis of multimodal tasks to analyse the parents’ construction of spaces of interaction, drawing on Lefebvre’s triadic concept of the production of space. Data and analysis: Co-constructed narratives of the three couples were elicited; starting with individual language biographies, the couples then constructed their family’s future in the form of visual representations of the spaces that they are about to inhabit. Recordings and pictures of the constructions were analysed jointly to understand how parents assign relevancy to their language resources, social spaces and family language policies. Findings/conclusions: The analysis shows how the parents construct the child as a multilingual self in her/his own right, subject to a biography that will develop, and who is influenced but not controlled by the parents. The multimodal data provide a window into the negotiation of language policy between the future parents. Originality: The innovative character of this paper comes from its combination of speaker-centred biographical methods with the interactive construction of three-dimensional future family spaces. Methodologically, this contribution renders theories of the construction of social space relevant for research on family language policy and practices. Significance/implications: While the study deals with the very specific situation of approaching parenthood, the findings, together with its original methodology and analytical framework, shed light on the construction of family language policy as an on-going process, starting before birth.
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Anikin, D. A. "Strategy of a Policy of Memory on Postimperial Space." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 12, no. 2 (2012): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2012-12-2-34-38.
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Article is devoted transformation of social memory in the conditions of the post-Soviet territory. Specificity of the post-Soviet territory is designing of alternative types of the social memory meaningly opposed to the Soviet past. On the basis of the spatial analysis of social memory presented in works by P. Nora, and P. Burde’s structuralist methodology the author considers change of a symbolical configuration of the post-Soviet territory in which peripheral types of social memory take a dominating place.
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Rouf, Kazi. "Group-Based Micro-Borrowers Social Space Development Policies in Bangladesh." Potentia: Journal of International Affairs 4 (October 1, 2012): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/potentia.v4i0.4398.
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This policy brief looks at Grameen Bank (GB) microcredit sixteen Decisions policies to examine the degree to which women borrowers of the Grameen Bank are empowered to participate in familial decision-making around the management of income and expenditures, and to examine women borrowers’ engagement in community activities. This policy brief is based on previous GB microcredit research conducted by the author. results show that GB policies have resulted in the increased participation of women in households and communities, but also show a movement toward development. Using the case of Bangladesh, this policy brief recommends that GB should include gender equality in its sixteen Decisions to address the role of women.
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Kirilina, T. Yu, and A. G. Chernyshova. "Social Policy in the Rocket and Space Industry: State and Prospects." Social’naya politika i sociologiya 16, no. 3 (June 29, 2017): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17922/2071-3665-2017-16-3-95-104.
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Keevers, Lynne, Lesley Treleaven, and Chris Sykes. "Partnership and participation: contradictions and tensions in the social policy space." Australian Journal of Social Issues 43, no. 3 (March 2008): 459–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1839-4655.2008.tb00113.x.
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Hafiz, Muhamad, Ayuning Budiati, and Rina Yulianti. "Implementasi Kebijakan Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) Dalam Mewujudkan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Publik di Kota Tangerang Selatan." JDKP Jurnal Desentralisasi dan Kebijakan Publik 3, no. 2 (January 9, 2023): 418–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30656/jdkp.v3i2.5920.
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This research focuses on the Implementation of Regional Spatial Planning Policy in Fulfillment of Green Open Space in South Tangerang City. The aim of the research is to find out how the Implementation of Regional Spatial Planning Policy in Creating Green Open Space in South Tangerang City. The theory of policy implementation from Van Metter and Van Horn, namely policy standards and objectives, resources, characteristics of implementing organizations, inter-organizational communication, dispositions or attitudes of implementers and the social, political and economic environment. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. The results of the research show that (1) the standards and policy objectives are not optima, (2) the resources are quite optimal, (3) the characteristics of the organization implementing the green open space policy are less than optimal, (4) the communication of implementing organizations is good, (5) the disposition or attitude of the executors is still not optimal, (6) the social, political and economic environment of green open space policies is less than optimal marked by the lack of support from the political elite for regional spatial planning policies in fulfilling green open spaces in South Tangerang City.
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Pennings, Paul. "The Dimensionality of the EU Policy Space." European Union Politics 3, no. 1 (March 2002): 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116502003001004.
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Huynh, Hong T. P., and Carol Windsor. "The Concepts of Social Space and Social Value: An Interpretation of Clinical Nursing Practice in Vietnam." Global Qualitative Nursing Research 9 (January 2022): 233339362110702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23333936211070267.
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This research draws on broader inquiry that explores the construction of the spatial positioning of nurses in Vietnam and how power structures sustained that positioning. Observations and individual interviews were undertaken with 32 registered nurses. Analysis of participant data and relevant policy documents moved beyond coding to theorising and thus to the abstraction of key concepts. Social space and social value were significant concepts developed in the research. The concept of space reflected the ways in which nurses constantly engaged in processes of negotiation to embed a sense of control over their practice. The related concept of social value brought focus to a power structure whereby the fiscal priorities of health care managers reinforced a disconnect between the use and exchange values of nurses. An interpretation of power relations that underpinned the material and symbolic spaces in which nurses worked was framed within the historical context of Vietnam.
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Viseu, Sofia, and Luís Miguel Carvalho. "Think tanks, policy networks and education governance: The rising of new intra-national spaces of policy in Portugal." education policy analysis archives 26 (September 10, 2018): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.26.3664.
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This article focuses on the role of think tanks in education governance in Portugal, We are interested in contributing to a literature that discusses the emergence of new intra-national spaces of policy, and examines how the actors operating in those spaces work and influence education policy. This article is based on an empirical study conducted by EDULOG, a think tank for education that has been operating since 2015. We mapped EDULOG’s activities, the information generation activities, organizations, and actors connected to EDULOG using a network ethnography and social network analysis. This study shows that a) this organization articulated a network of actors from different sectors, including the academy, business and government agencies; and b) EDULOG acts as a space of social and cognitive intermediation, committed to developing knowledge geared towards policy decision and problem solving.
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Daly, Alan J., Jonathan Supovitz, and Miguel Del Fresno. "The Social Side of Educational Policy: How Social Media is Changing the Politics of Education." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 121, no. 14 (November 2019): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811912101402.
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Social media are online technology platforms that focus on synchronous and asynchronous human interactions with a local and global reach unprecedented in human history. The Internet and its architecture have enabled the development and use of these platforms, which are designed to support social interactions and give rise to a complex interplay between communication, social practices, and technology infrastructure, challenging existing “traditional” media sources. Social media are adding a new ingredient to and level of impact on the educational political and policy-making process that is still in its infancy in terms of research and relevance. In this chapter, we examine the high-level social side of social media (Twitter) in an effort to analyze, visualize, and make sense of the often hidden world of online interactions around educational policy. In addition, we look deeply into the ways in which messages and meaning are crafted in social media space around the Common Core State Standards, with special attention to the role of bots and how influence is wielded. This work offers insights into the what, who, how, and impact of transactions among “socially influential” individuals over time in this new social media/educational policy space and potential impact on educational policy-making and practice.
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Hillyard, Paddy, and Sophie Watson. "Postmodern Social Policy: A Contradiction in Terms?" Journal of Social Policy 25, no. 3 (July 1996): 321–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400023631.
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AbstractThe aim of this article is to present a less negative and more rounded analysis of the potential contribution of postmodernism to social policy than that presented by Taylor-Gooby (1994) in this journal entitled ‘Postmodernism: A Great Leap Backwards?’. It covers four major themes. First, it examines Foucault's ideas on power/knowledge, the body, discipline and surveillance. Second, the article explores the connections between feminism, postmodernism and social policy. Third, it analyses theories of the poststructural state. Fourth, it considers a neglected topic in the subject of space and assesses the contribution of postmodern discourses of spatiality and their relevance to social policy. The article acknowledges the contradiction arising from post-modernism's critique of meta-theory and mainstream social policy's commitment to universalism, but concludes that the answer does not lie in the universal rejection of postmodernism but in the use of the ideas and insights to move the discipline in new directions.
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MICKIEWICZ, Paweł, and Maciej J. NOWAK. "The role of spatial policy tools protecting the space as a public good." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2020, no. 146 (2020): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2020.146.20.
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Purpose: The aim of the paper is to indicate functions that spatial policy tools at local level 10 should fulfill while protecting the space understood as a public good. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is of a review nature, but it refers to results of conducted research, included in the context of public goods. Findings: The area of communes covered by local plans is varied and very often depends on random circumstances from the perspective of the main spatial policy framework. The above illustrates diverse conditions, in which spatial conflicts may occur. Factors that should theoretically play an ordering role actually bring much more chaos. Therefore, the behavior of communal authorities in the implementation of spatial policy is contained in the sphere of impacts difficult to clearly predict, about which E. Ostrom mentioned. Social implications: In the context of current problems occurring in the spatial management system, it is worth developing the approach to space as a public good. This will help to adapt the approaches and characteristics of public goods to the current conditions of spatial management system and optimal role of spatial policy tools. Originality/value: This paper defines the roles of spatial policy tools protecting the space understood as a public good. Space protection in this approach must be implemented through specific spatial policy tools. The paper verifies the real scope of such protection. An attempt was made to translate approaches and dilemmas regarding public goods into conditions related to the spatial management system.
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Goehlich, Robert A. "Space Tourism." International Journal of Aviation Systems, Operations and Training 1, no. 1 (January 2014): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijasot.2014010103.
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According to the Space Policy Institute (2002, Bib. section), “Space tourism is the term broadly applied to the concept of paying customers traveling beyond Earth's atmosphere.” Operating reusable launch vehicles (RLVs) might be a first step toward achieving mass space tourism. Thus, the aim of this article is to investigate the potential hurdles and other aspects of importance that must be overcome in order to use RLVs for space tourism flights. The primary ones are social issues (e.g., “Is space tourism ethically acceptable?”), institutional issues (e.g., “Is environmental pollution caused by space tourism more harmful than other emission sources?”), and financial issues (e.g., “Are any potential investors interested in space tourism?”).
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Astakhova, Elena V. "Compliment piropo in Spanish space." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos, no. 3 (September 28, 2016): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2016-3-57-66.
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The article analyzes the Spanish compliment piropo as a special form of language communication which is directly connected to popular culture, covers different aspects of life and is related with studies of national character, saving or abandoning traditions and old values. The compliment piropo reflects particular features of historical, literal, social and physiological events experienced by Spanish society. The phenomenon of piropo shows global transformations in the economy, policy, social and gender relationship of Spanish society during the last third of the twentieth and early twenty-first century.
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Achy, Vincent de Paul Yapi, Nadège Edwige Eulalie Kodjo, and Kouassi Pascal Ettien. "Socially Constructed Negotiations between Actors and Informal Appropriation of Urban Public Green Space in Abidjan." International Journal of Rural Development, Environment and Health Research 6, no. 5 (2022): 01–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijreh.6.5.1.
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In the African city, once placed under the control of the colonizer and then a regulatory state in the aftermath of independence, public green spaces (parks and public gardens) are now under the governance of decentralized communities, in favor of the policy of decentralization. The will of the rulers (state, decentralized collectivities etc.) aims at setting up frame-works, structures, instruments and strategies, capable of establishing authority, control and space control "stumbles" on the social practices and behaviors of other actors. This will “stumbles” on the social practices and behaviors of the non-institutional actors involved. These clashes of practices between actors in their intention to use public green spaces rationally undermine the management of those who govern. Then the development of the conflicts of use around the urban public space deserves to be intelligibly analyzed through the social sciences of the organizations in order to restore to the parks and public gardens their social functions. As data collection tools, documentation, interview guides, direct observation and photographic collection were used. Also seventy-four (74) actors made up of agents of town halls, agents of the district of Abidjan, NGOs, associations, local residents, farmers etc. In terms of results, it emerges that between the actors in a situation of co-presence, eviction operations, police seizures, verbal and physical violence and illegal activities constitute forms of conflicts of use around space, public green.
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Salvia, Giuseppe, Irene Pluchinotta, Ioanna Tsoulou, Gemma Moore, and Nici Zimmermann. "Understanding Urban Green Space Usage through Systems Thinking: A Case Study in Thamesmead, London." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (February 23, 2022): 2575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052575.
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Urban green spaces provide environmental, economic, societal and health benefits to cities. However, policy and planning interventions aiming to improve usage have often led to unintended consequences, including, in some circumstances, an actual decline in usage. Previous research has identified factors influencing the use of urban green space, more often with a focus on the ‘quality’ and physical features of the space, rather than on the broader social factors. This study aims to unpack the complexity of factors that influence the use of urban green space through the application of Systems Thinking. A qualitative mixed-method approach integrating System Dynamics with rapid ethnography was adopted to elicit the views of local residents in Thamesmead, London. A thematic analysis of interviews was undertaken to systematically map the causal relations between factors, which were compared to wider stakeholders’ views. Our findings highlight the relevance of dynamics and social influences on the use of green space, which include social interactions and stewardship, health conditions, availability of services and amenities. These are factors that are underexplored in the literature and, sometimes, overlooked in urban green space policy by decision-makers. We infer that attendance of urban green spaces requires time, which may be occupied in other practices determined by local conditions and needs. Expanding the spatial and temporal boundaries of investigation, wider than debates on ‘quality’, should, in our view, increase the chances of identifying critical influences and foster an increased use of green space.
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Chaskin, Robert J., and Mark L. Joseph. "Contested Space." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 660, no. 1 (June 9, 2015): 136–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716215576113.
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At the center of Chicago’s large-scale public housing transformation is a stated emphasis on economic integration. Based on interviews, field observations, and documentary research in three new, mixed-income communities that were built on the footprint of former public housing developments in Chicago, this article examines how design choices and regulatory regimes militate against the effective integration of public housing residents in these contexts. We find that the strategies used to maintain social order contribute to redirecting the integrationist aims of the development policy toward a kind of incorporated exclusion, in which physical integration reproduces marginalization and leads more to withdrawal and alienation than to the engagement and inclusion of relocated public housing residents and other low-income residents.
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Murashko, O. Y. "Library social partnership development in a cluster space: Belgorod region experience." Bibliosphere, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/1815-3186-2016-3-95-100.
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This research is an applied one and logically continues author’s studies devoted to social partnership development in the library-information field. The institute of social partnership (including the library-information sphere) evolves with the cluster strategies development as an integral part of the Russian community strategy. At the same time an integrated approach and unified methodology to study this problem, as well as description of effective methods and technologies of the library staged development in the social cluster space are needed. Technologies of the social partnership with library participation are a part of the social policy cluster aimed at maximizing to satisfy both material and spiritual needs of the general population. Recent years studying prospects of the municipal library activity are particularly relevant, as forward movement of the library policy in this direction allows positioning the interests of library and information institutions as coinciding with the interests of major members of the local community. Realizing these perspectives is one of the most important conditions of the effective innovative policy formation of the modern municipal library. The objects of study are municipal libraries of Belgorod region using effective profiled strategies of social interaction in their activity. The study aim is analyzing the experience of municipal libraries developing educational technologies for social interaction in the social cluster space of Belgorod region. Objectives are the following: to identify main goals and tasks of the cluster strategy in the library-information sphere of Belgorod region; to propose a typology of main clusters in Belgorod region; to objectify activity main direction for Belgorod libraries according to their types. Participating libraries in the cluster policy indirectly promotes changes in users’ life quality, development of new cultural needs by providing quality public legal-information services, adaptation of rural population to modern life conditions, help in identifying new niches in the labor market, including information ones. Main conclusions: territorial characteristics extrapolated to municipal libraries activities largely determine the general direction of library development. In the modern period preconditions of libraries participation in the regional clustering (modernization of material-technical base, development of regional, municipal, local normative documents, the experience of empirical data theoretical generalization) are largely implemented in Belgorod region. The practical component of the study is the possibility of adapting the libraries experience of Belgorod region into libraries of other territories of the Russian Federation, understanding cooperation of the library social institution, business-structures, nonprofit organizations and regional and municipal authorities.
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Haller, Mie B., and Torsten Kolind. "Space and ethnic identification in a Danish prison." Punishment & Society 20, no. 5 (August 21, 2017): 580–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474517722541.
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Ethnicity has come to play an increasing role in contemporary Danish prison life. This development not only reflects the growing number of prisoners in Danish prisons with ethnic minority backgrounds. It also reflects changes in prison spatial policy and institutional classifications. Based on seven months of fieldwork in a Danish high security prison, we investigate how such changes at the institutional level and at the level of policy have affected prisoner’s everyday ethnic identifications. We focus especially on the way prisoners reinforce and essentialize ethnic differences by reference to institutional spatial divisions; particularly the division between regular wings and drug treatment wings. We find that ethnic Danish prisoners spending time in a treatment wing are often viewed as ‘soft’ and ‘weak’ by prisoners with ethnic minority backgrounds in regular wings, whereas these prisoners in regular wings are in turn perceived as troublemakers and chaotic by the ethnic Danish prisoners in drug treatment. We also show how ethnic categories are at times blurred in actual practice. We conclude by discussing the implication for policy and practice; especially, we debate whether new spatial prison policies may unintentionally partake in accentuating ethnic stereotypical thinking.
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Samarajiva, Rohan, and Peter Shields. "Telecommunication networks as social space: implications for research and policy and an exemplar." Media, Culture & Society 19, no. 4 (October 1997): 535–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016344397019004003.
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Sheng, Qiang, Dongyang Wan, and Boya Yu. "Effect of Space Configurational Attributes on Social Interactions in Urban Parks." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 13, 2021): 7805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147805.
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Urban parks are one of the most common spaces for social interactions in modern cities. The design of park spaces, especially space configuration, has significant influences on people’s social behaviors in parks. In this study, the associations between space configurational attributes and social interactions were investigated using space syntax theory. An observation analysis of social behaviors was carried out in two urban parks in Beijing, China. Nine space configurational attributes, including depth to the gate, depth to the main road, connectivity, normalized angular integration (NAIN), and normalized angular choice (NACH) with three radii, were calculated using a segment model. The variance analysis and regression analysis reveal the strong joint effect of space type, space scale factors, and space configurational attributes on social interaction behaviors in parks. The personal interaction group contained 23% of the total observed people involved in social interactions. Pathway length, zone area, and NACH-10K (NACH with a radius of 10,000 m) are positively associated with the number of people involved in personal interactions. For the social interaction group (77% of the total observed people), the space scale and depth to main city road were found to have a positive and negative influence on social interaction intensity.
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Haeffele, Stefanie, and Alexander Wade Craig. "Commercial social spaces in the post-disaster context." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 9, no. 3 (June 26, 2020): 303–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-10-2019-0078.
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PurposeThis paper argues that commercial entrepreneurial activities have social implications and can provide needed social spaces during the disaster recovery process, and that viewing commercial enterprises as socially valuable has implications for post-disaster public policy.Design/methodology/approachThis paper discusses themes and concepts developed through in-depth interviews conducted in New Orleans, Louisiana, and Houston, Texas, after Hurricane Katrina. Particular case studies of the personal experiences of communities that recovered after Hurricane Katrina are utilized to highlight how commercial entrepreneurship creates and maintains social spaces where community members can share resources and connect during the recovery process.FindingsEntrepreneurs need not have a specific social mission in order to make social contributions, and commercial entrepreneurship should create and maintain social spaces that are important for community recovery after disasters.Practical implicationsThe social spaces that commercial entrepreneurs facilitate should be considered when designing and implementing public policy in the post-disaster context. Policies can often hinder recovery, and policymakers should instead establish clear regulatory regimes and allow for greater space for entrepreneurs to act.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the role entrepreneurs play in advancing social goals and purposes after disasters, specifically how commercial entrepreneurs can create and maintain social spaces where community members gather to discuss their challenges and strategies for disaster recovery. It highlights the extra-economic role of commercial entrepreneurs and discusses the implications for public policy based on this broadened conception of entrepreneurship.
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Greve, Carsten, and Graeme A. Hodge. "Global Diffusion of P3 Policy: Learning Perspectives for Social Infrastructure." Public Works Management & Policy 25, no. 3 (June 15, 2020): 312–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087724x20927714.
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No matter how widely they may be defined, new social infrastructure projects can learn much from previous public–private partnership (P3) policies as well as from current global experience. What can be learned, though, and how? This article adopts a theoretical policy learning perspective and investigates what public works researchers and policymakers might get out of focusing on policy learning in more detail. Three perspectives are presented as follows: the technical approach, the professional/coalitional approach, and the experimental approach. International case illustrations are presented to illustrate P3 policy learning over space and time.
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Marshall, Liz. "Carving Out Policy Space for Sustainability in Biofuel Production." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 36, no. 2 (October 2007): 183–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500007024.
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Biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel are increasingly promoted as green alternatives to petroleum-derived transport fuels. Scaling up feedstock production to produce enough biofuel to displace a significant portion of current petroleum demand will put pressure on land and water resources both domestically and internationally, however, and could potentially be accompanied by unacceptable changes in landscape-level land use patterns and provisioning of ecosystem services. Ensuring that feedstock production is sustainable and that biofuels provide the social and environmental benefits that are often attributed to them will require a carefully designed portfolio of agricultural, forestry, energy, and trade policies related to biofuels and feedstock production. Despite the difficulties associated with development and application of such policies, they should be in place before further policy incentive is provided for expansion of biofuel industries.
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Trujillo Ellis, Bernadette, Patricia Trujillo, and Patricia Anne Davis. "Reconstituting Youth Space in New Mexico: The Space Youth Occupy. Education Policy. Clarity." Association of Mexican American Educators Journal 13, no. 3 (December 18, 2019): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.24974/amae.13.3.456.
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Because of the funding decisions being made in New Mexico related to public education, working as an educator has become physically, psychically, and spiritually demanding for the lead author, Trujillo Ellis. The lead author seeks clarity in understanding New Mexico youth space, or the conditions of New Mexico youths’ lives, that better equips her, as a reflective practitioner, to “make decisions about teaching and learning based upon moral and political implications” (Olan, 2019, p. 173). New Mexican youth space is contextualized in terms of demographics, outcomes related to well-being, the fiscal landscape of the state, and the policies that govern public education. The lead author utilizes the first four tenets of critical race theory (CRT): 1) Racism is normal, 2) Interest convergence or material determinism, 3) Social construction of race, and 4) Intersectionality and anti-essentialism to support reflection and analysis of her experiences as an educator and instructional coach within the educational system in New Mexico. Co-authors, Trujillo and Davis, provide counter-narratives through the final tenet, 5) Unique voice of color, related to their work with vulnerable youth in New Mexico. Conclusions drawn provide clarity and insight that support the lead author in making decisions related to teaching and learning, as well as indicating efforts that broaden critical consciousness and praxis to support positive change.
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Jo, Yeong-Im, Joo-Lim Lee, and Ja-Hoon Koo. "Effect of Physical Environment and Programs on the Social Interaction of Youth Space Users in Seoul in the Case of Pilot Projects." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (November 30, 2018): 4515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124515.
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the structure of a community space for local youth, called the Zero Gravity Zone, on the social interaction and satisfaction of its users. The factors of social interaction were influenced by the level of relationship, fellowship and participation. The research sites were the Youth Space G-valley (YS_G) and the Youth Space Daebang-dong (YS_D) in Seoul. As its research method, this study utilized partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modeling to analyze the influence structure. Results showed that YS_G, which is mainly used by office workers, has a significant effect on the overall satisfaction and social interaction of its users by providing physical space. On the other hand, YS_D, which is mainly used by college students and job-seekers, has a significant effect on the overall satisfaction and social interaction of its users by providing programs. Based on the above results, rather than standardizing operational spaces, it is necessary to plan and operate spaces such as these around the characteristics of the youth in each region to ensure frequent social interaction, which is the policy goal of the youth community.
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Rosa, Hartmut. "Social Media Filters and Resonances: Democracy and the Contemporary Public Sphere." Theory, Culture & Society 39, no. 4 (July 2022): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02632764221103520.
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Democratic conceptions of politics are tacitly or explicitly predicated upon a functioning arena for the formation of public opinion in an associated media-space. Policy-making thus requires a reliable connection to processes of ‘public’ will formation. These processes formed the focus for Habermas’s influential study on the public sphere. This contribution presents a look at more recent ‘structural transformation’, the causes of which are by no means limited to social media communication, and examines its consequences. It proceeds in three steps: 1) in some proximity to Habermas, but also by means of the theory of resonance, it seeks to determine the kind of public sphere that a democratic polity requires; 2) an analysis of problems within the contemporary public sphere will feed into 3) a discussion of the conditions for the restoration of a ‘functioning political public sphere’. These include changes in the realms of participation, representation and spaces of encounter.
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Andreou, George. "Solidarity in the EU after 2020; prospects for the cohesion “policy space"." Region & Periphery 13, no. 13 (July 13, 2022): 65–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/rp.30756.
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In 2020, the EU established the “Recovery and Resilience Facility” (RRF), which aims at promoting its economic, social, and territorial cohesion. This development has had a significant impact on the institutional architecture of cohesion policy, which is widely viewed as the main “EU solidarity tool”. The goal of this paper is to map the institutional configuration of “old” and “new” funding programs devoted to the promotion of cohesion and solidarity in Europe through the lenses of public policy analysis and historical institutionalism. It is argued that despite its impressive redistributive impact in territorial terms, the new Facility does not represent a break from the past when it comes to the quality of its solidarity content. On top of that, by adding RRF in a “cohesion policy space” burdened with old and new policy goals and means and lacking a clear territorial and social focus, EU actors have further undermined both the coherence and the solidarity impact of “old” cohesion policy.
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Alotta, Robert I. "Book Review: Militarization of Space: U.S. Policy, 1945-84." Armed Forces & Society 13, no. 4 (July 1987): 626–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095327x8701300410.
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YURCHENKO, NATALYA. "EXTREMISM IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIVE SPACE OF MODERN SOCIETY PUBLIC POLICY." Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology 12, no. 3 (December 12, 2016): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v12i3.154.
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Currently, extremism as a very aggressive form of behavior is not an ideologically homogeneous political trend. In this sense we can speak of a heterogeneous content of this phenomenon, including the so-called “social products” of the modern andpostmodern society, on the one hand, and sociocultural traditionalist elements - on the other.
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Eshetu, Shibire Bekele, Kumelachew Yeshitela, and Stefan Sieber. "Urban Green Space Planning, Policy Implementation, and Challenges: The Case of Addis Ababa." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (October 14, 2021): 11344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011344.
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Urban forestry and green spaces have less priority in urban planning. This research intends to assess the policy and planning of urban green spaces with their potential implementation status and challenges in planning and implementation. The general objective is to assess urban green space planning, policy, and implementation strategies and challenges encountered in Addis Ababa. The primary data was collected through key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and field observation; secondary data from a literature review along with examining policy and masterplans of Addis Ababa has been used. The mapping of stakeholder and institutional arrangements is analyzed using stakeholders’ consultation. Triangulation is used for data validation and analysis. Existing policy and proclamations must be supported by legislative regulations and implementation frameworks that provide the basis for concrete action plans. The incentives stipulated by the forest policy are not implemented to the required level. The 10th masterplan of the city (2017–2027) shows that the city will increase its green area development and public recreation coverage to 30% by 2020. Principles, such as multi-functionality, connectivity, green-grey interaction, and social inclusiveness, are considered in the planning of the green space development in the 10th masterplan. The research concludes that regulations and directives are not clearly drafted by responsible bodies, and low enforcement is hardly applied with respect to the green space development of Addis Ababa.
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Lawn, Martin, and Bob Lingard. "Constructing a European Policy Space in Educational Governance: The Role of Transnational Policy Actors." European Educational Research Journal 1, no. 2 (June 2002): 290–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/eerj.2002.1.2.6.
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Educational policy is no longer, if it ever was, the product of the nation state alone. In Europe, significant policy actors in education are working today face to face and virtually in joint governmental projects and networking translating, mediating and constructing educational policies. The existence of this new social sphere of work, in which the construction of Europe is paramount, served by the regular communications and intimate work relations of a new European class of educational system actors, is deserving of further research. They appeared to constitute a form of policy elite in education, which has not surfaced into view in the study of education, either in studies of the national state or of Brussels: in the latter's case, it may be because education does not have the same regulatory or legal framework as key aspects of governance in European law. The power this group wields by acting as shapers of the emerging discourse of educational policy, expressed in reports, key committees, funding streams and programmes has to be examined and recognized within studies of educational policy.
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Tomoko, Tachibana. "Thinking about Japan’s future public health policy from data-driven reforms and social security reforms." International Journal of Family & Community Medicine 5, no. 6 (November 29, 2021): 207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ijfcm.2021.05.00247.
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This study examine what should be promoted in future public health policies from the perspective of "social security reform / data-driven reform" that we are promoting. The new Society 5.0, which Japan is aiming for in the future, is a human-centered society that achieves both economic development and resolution of social issues through a system that highly integrates cyber space (virtual space) and physical space (real space). The field of disability health, where data is overwhelmingly scarce, is an international subject of public health. The WHO Secretariat should play a role as a member state in the "report of the highest health standards reachable by persons with disabilities" required by the end of 2022. We propose to contribute to the enhancement of the social security system with the aim of becoming a "health data system in a value co-creation type community symbiotic society" through a health monitoring system and PHR that utilize mobile devices, by further promoting social security reform by transforming into the latest data-driven organization.
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Freiberg, Arie. "M. Tonry, Thinking about Punishment: Penal Policy across Space, Time and Discipline." Punishment & Society 14, no. 1 (January 2012): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474511406642a.
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Sparkman, Gregg, Nathan R. Lee, and Bobbie N. J. Macdonald. "Discounting environmental policy: The effects of psychological distance over time and space." Journal of Environmental Psychology 73 (February 2021): 101529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101529.
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SUZUKI, K. "In Defense of Japan: From the Market to the Military in Space Policy." Social Science Japan Journal 15, no. 1 (June 7, 2011): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ssjj/jyr018.
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Mugnano, Silvia, and Pietro Palvarini. "“Sharing space without hanging together”: A case study of social mix policy in Milan." Cities 35 (December 2013): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2013.03.008.
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Aragonès, Enriqueta. "Government formation in a two dimensional policy space." International Journal of Game Theory 35, no. 2 (November 4, 2006): 151–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00182-006-0039-0.
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González, Yanilda. "The Social Origins of Institutional Weakness and Change: Preferences, Power, and Police Reform in Latin America." World Politics 71, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 44–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004388711800014x.
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AbstractDespite historic increases in crime and violence, Latin America’s police forces are characterized by long periods of institutional weakness punctuated by rare, sweeping reforms. To understand these patterns of institutional continuity and change, the author applies the concept of structural power, demonstrating how police leverage their control of coercion to constrain the policy options available to politicians. Within this constrained policy space, politicians choosing between continuity and reform assess societal preferences for police reform and patterns of political competition. Under fragmented societal preferences, irrespective of political competition, reform brings little electoral gain and risks alienating a powerful bureaucracy. Preference fragmentation thus favors the persistence of institutional weakness. When societal preferences converge and a robust political opposition threatens incumbents, politicians face an electoral counterweight to the structural power of police, making reform likely. Using evidence from periods of continuity and reform in Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia, the author traces both outcomes to shifts in societal preferences and political opposition. Despite the imperative to address citizens’ demands by building state capacity in security provision, these cases show that police reform is often rendered electorally disadvantageous.
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PHILLIPS, RICHARD, JEFFREY HENDERSON, LASZLO ANDOR, and DAVID HULME. "Usurping Social Policy: Neoliberalism and Economic Governance in Hungary*." Journal of Social Policy 35, no. 4 (September 4, 2006): 585–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279406000092.
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This paper takes issue with arguments emanating from the global social policy literature that neoliberal policy agendas have been largely a consequence of the interplay of international agencies with indigenous reform interests. While relevant, such arguments grasp only part of the story of social policy change. By means of a case study of Hungary between 1990 and 2002, this article emphasises the role played by the bureaucratic reconstitution of the state and changing forms of national economic governance in the explanation of social policy change. We show how the bureaucratic redesign of the Hungarian state generated a ‘finance-driven’ form of economic governance with the state bureaucracy reconfigured around the fiscal control of the Finance Ministry. These changes had significant implications, not simply for social expenditure, but for the intellectual nature and bureaucratic space for social policy-making. Whereas critiques of neoliberal social policy reform tend to focus on the ideological nature of the projects, this analysis highlights the need to develop visions of, and arguments for, an alternative to the finance-driven forms of economic governance that have become the de facto bureaucratic archetype for re-designing welfare states.
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Wacklin, Jussi. "Drinking and Public Space in Leningrad/St. Petersburg and Helsinki in the Interwar Period." Contemporary Drug Problems 32, no. 1 (March 2005): 57–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009145090503200106.
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Public drinking has aroused long-lasting debates in St. Petersburg/Leningrad and Helsinki. Taverns, pubs, restaurants but also streets and parks as well as workplaces in the city have been the main arenas of public drinking. My central concern is the impact of policy and police regimes on public drinking. The state was heavily involved in controlling public drinking in both cities; it simultaneously monopolized and regulated the alcohol trade and condemned drunkenness. The suppression of public drinking places was common for both cities. Still, the high number of arrests for public drunkenness in open spaces and the growth of total consumption indicate that drinkers moved to open urban spaces or to private places. Police control of the public spaces and the weakening role of the licensed drinking facilities as a place for neighborhood clientele affected the sociability of drinking and the uses of public space in general.
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PETERSEN, MAREE, and JENI WARBURTON. "Residential complexes in Queensland, Australia: a space of segregation and ageism?" Ageing and Society 32, no. 1 (February 7, 2011): 60–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x10001534.
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ABSTRACTIn western countries, large residential complexes comprising retirement villages and care facilities have become synonymous with specialised housing for older people, but gerontology has tended to view retirement villages and care facilities as separate and different spaces. By researching these spaces separately, gerontology's examination of the development of residential complexes and older people's housing has been hindered. This paper explores the geographies of residential complexes in south-east Queensland, Australia, by employing data from a larger study that utilised Lefebvre's spatial framework, social space. Its specific focus is Lefebvre's concept of representations of space, part of the triad of social space. The paper outlines how the professional knowledge of designers, planners and policy makers shape and frame the place of older people in contemporary society. The findings indicate that professional knowledge is characterised by contradictions, and that business interests sustain stereotypes of older people as either ageless or dependent. Furthermore, spaces designed for older people reinforce historical legacies of separation from the community. This form of built environment can thus be seen as both a cause and effect of ageism. Generally, the lack of attention by gerontology to these spaces has hampered discussion of alternatives for older people's housing in Australia and, importantly, the development of responsive urban and social planning.
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Ward, Peter M. "Social Welfare Policy and Political Opening in Mexico." Journal of Latin American Studies 25, no. 3 (October 1993): 613–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x00006684.
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In this article I wish to provide an overview of the changing priorities that successive Mexican governments have given the social development sector since the administration of President Echeverria (1970–6). This will be set against a backcloth of political reform and an opening of the political space in which parties other than the ruling Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) have been allowed to function, albeit under certain constraints. In addition I will examine important changes that have been undertaken both in the nature of social policies themselves, but also in the patterns and efficiency with which public agencies have delivered this particular social good. I argue that in Mexico, as in many advanced capitalist countries since Bismarck's Prussia during the late nineteenth century, social welfare provision is an important element in the understanding of political management and 'statecraft'.1 As well as providing a temporary palliative to offset some of the negative outcomes of rapid urbanisation and economic growth based upon low wage rates and trickle-down, social policy provides an arena through which scarce societal resources may be negotiated. As I will describe, those patterns of negotiation change for a variety of reasons: as power relations shift; as economies reflate or turn into recession; as the level of state intervention and control intensifies or slackens; as our diagnosis of specific problems and the policy instruments we develop become more sophisticated and sensitive to local needs; and last, but not least in the context of Mexico, are included changes that arise from human agency as different presidents take executive office.
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Sundaram, Dr A. "Global Crises, fiscal space and national response." Journal of Global Economy 9, no. 4 (December 28, 2013): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v9i4.310.
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Abstract:           The main aim of this paper is to examine the impacts of the crisis on fiscal space and government social spending. It also examines the design and implementation of national rescue packages, concentrating in particular on the composition of stimulus packages in terms of social protection and employment measures. This study analyses data from the year 2000 to 2011 in order to find out the Global Crises, fiscal space and national response. In this analysis various secondary sources have been used. It analyses the impacts, shortcomings, challenges, and policy reform measures of the Global food crisis.The global nature of the recent crisis limits that option. Countries with the flexibility to implement counter-cyclical policies have been better able to mitigate the impacts of the crisis on their economies and people Likewise, countries that have social protection systems as well as active labour market programmes in place, have been in a better position to mitigate adverse social impacts. It seems many countries learned lessons from previous crises and devoted substantial shares of their stimulus spending to the social sector to either expand existing programmes or to implement new ones. Unfortunately, many poorer developing countries lack the institutional and/or fiscal capacity to finance effective stimulus and welfare measures on their own. Instead, they must depend on aid to fill budgetary shortfalls in education, health and other programmes aimed at addressing poverty.           Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization estimates that the average annual shortfall in funding needed to meet the internationally agreed development goals in education is $16 billion, $5 billion more than previously estimated (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization, 2010). The crisis dampens the prospects for closing this gap. Thus, policy adjustments to support social spending and improve economic growth are essential to limit the impact of the crisis on poverty.
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Orochovska, Liudmyla, and Uliana Koshetar. "Ideas of the cosmism philosophy natural-scientific direction within media space and social-economic space." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 04035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913504035.
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The article examines the influence of cosmism ideology and its orientation at principles of total interconnection, unity, obligatory coordination of human activity with the principle of world integrity on the formation of media space and socio-economic space of the information society. It displays that inwardness within the formation of humanity unity has been emphasised by the cosmism representatives Vladimir Solovyov, Nikolai Fedorov, Nikolai Berdyaev, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Vladimir Vernadsky, Edouard Le Roy, Pierre Teilhard de Chardin who manifested the world view position considering human, their past, present, and future through the lens of correlation with space. The research distinguishes the crucial role of cosmism ideology in development of modern media culture. It highlights the fact that, within the information society where formation of network communication systems provides the opportunity to shape global interaction systems enabling integrity of world culture or any national culture, priorities of cooperation and mutual aid ought to become dominant for mass media activity regardless of the civilisations, nations, regions, communities they represent. Policy in the sphere of media culture must be directed at the operation of communication network in the interchange mode, prevention of the situation when demassification of mass media may lead to localising, closing cultures of certain ethnic or religious groups.