Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Social Policy Space'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Social Policy Space.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Social Policy Space.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Wang, Liping. "Paradise for sale : urban space and tourism in the social transformation of Hangzhou, 1589-1937 /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9820867.
Full text
2
Brader, Andrew. "Youth identities : time, space & social exclusion : exploring youth policy and practice in Sheffield : 1999-2002." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397052.
Full text
3
Sharag-Eldin, Adiyana. "The Role of Geography Space and Place in Social Media Communication:Two Case Studies of Policy Perspectives." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1571484284023254.
Full text
4
Boyd, Melody L. "Navigating Neighborhoods: How Social Networks and Space Shape the Decisions and Experiences of Families in Housing Mobility Programs." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/121683.
Full textAbstract:
SociologyPh.D.
This dissertation analyzes the ways that race, class, and gender intersect in specific spatial contexts to shape access to opportunity and influence families' neighborhood decisions and experiences. I add to existing research by examining the initial processes of adjusting to new neighborhoods, focusing especially on the components of neighborhood transitions that are significant for low-income women and their children. I use in-depth qualitative interview data that was collected by Northwestern University's Institute for Policy Research between 2002 and 2005 with a randomly chosen sample of adults and youth in 91 families who participated in the Gautreaux Two housing mobility program in Chicago. This analysis assesses the various factors that influenced the range of program outcomes in order to understand the social processes involved. The results of this analysis show that respondents had complicated perspectives about moving out of public housing. Most respondents were eager to move out of their baseline neighborhoods, especially for the sake of their children. However, many also cited things they missed about the neighborhood once they moved. Many faced severe obstacles in locating an eligible unit. Some of these obstacles related to the poor implementation of the Gautreaux Two program, as well as to the tight rental market in Chicago at the time. After moving through the program, many families experienced hassles with landlords, substandard unit quality, distance from kin and support networks, and difficulty in creating new social ties in placement neighborhoods resulting in social isolation and transportation and financial difficulties. Other respondents had supportive relationships with landlords, good quality units, were able to maintain ties with kin, and developed relationships with new neighbors. Participants generally valued the racial diversity of their Gautreaux neighborhoods, and many emphasized the importance of having their children live in racially diverse areas. While some respondents' children faced discrimination in their new neighborhoods and schools, this was not the primary impetus for making subsequent mobility decisions. Policy implications include the need for further pre-move housing counseling for families in mobility programs, as well as continued program assistance to build and maintain strong social networks and connections to resources.
Temple University--Theses
5
Biesman-Simons, Catalina J. "Space, Power, Policy, and the Creation of the “Illegal” Migrant at the United States Boundary with Mexico." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1305.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis discusses the relationship between space (physical and figurative) and sovereign power, with respect to the history of the United States' immigration and boundary policy. It examines spatial organization as a social product, and simultaneously a producer of mainstream associations of illegal activity at the border with Mexico. It begins with a brief introduction to a spatially informed analytical framework, a history of relevant United States' immigration policy. The paper then uses newspaper coverage from the 1970s and 1980s to examine the local and national rise of xenophobia in the United States, and the normalization of boundary control and associated illegality. The socio-spatial evaluation of federal policy and public sentiment culminates with a discussion of the border policies developed by the United States Border Patrol in the early 1990s. The strategy introduced focused on preventing immigration by deterring migrants from the attempt. This plan was necessarily spatial in nature as it sought to displace migrants from ideal crossing spaces to sites vulnerable to capture by the Border Patrol.
Ultimately, the history of the United States boundary with Mexico demonstrates the power of controlling a territory, and controlling a social narrative.
6
Norton, Michael. "Secondary Mortgage Markets & Place-Based Inequality: Space, GSEs and Social Exclusion in the Philadelphia Region." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/342021.
Full textAbstract:
SociologyPh.D.
Secondary Mortgage Markets and Place-Based Inequality: Space, GSEs and Social Exclusion in the Philadelphia Region Michael H. Norton Temple University, 2015 Doctoral Advisory Committee Chair: Dr. Anne Shlay In 2015 virtually the entire US mortgage market is subsidized by US taxpayers. When the Federal Government took control of the Government Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs) Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in the summer of 2008, US tax payers assumed responsibility for the vast majority of outstanding mortgage debt in the country. This dissertation examined the historical development and contemporary activity of the secondary mortgage market to understand the way the secondary market contributes to the reproduction of place-based inequality in American cities. Specifically, this dissertation analyzed the political-economic history of the secondary mortgage market to ground a contemporary analysis of the impact of secondary mortgage market activity on neighborhood change in the Philadelphia region at the turn of the 21st century. At the turn of the 21st century secondary market institutions coordinated a financial production process referred to in this study as the financialization of space. This process transforms the individual spatial relationships between individuals and their homes into financial commodities that are bought and sold by financial institutions. Individual mortgage loans make the financialization of space possible by providing the raw material that transmits capital embedded in the social spaces of individual homes and communities through secondary market institutions and into the abstract spaces of international capital markets. However, the financialization of space itself is made possible by a number of key contradictions that created considerable tension between the ongoing expansion of finacialized space and mortgage lending to individual home owners. These tensions were built into the very framework of the legislative policies governing the secondary mortgage market. The evolution of the secondary mortgage market was informed by parallel streams of housing policy that alternately sought to expand and regulate the primary and secondary mortgage markets at the end of the 20th century. The confluence of these policy streams initially created the conditions for the GSEs to pioneer financial productions processes that led to the financializaiton of space. At the same time, the emergence of subprime lending in the primary market, combined with the expansion of the secondary mortgage market to unregulated, private institutions, created dual housing markets differentiated by the types of loans available in the primary market and the funding sources for these loans in the secondary market. Throughout the study period (1996 – 2007), the GSEs concentrated the vast majority of all their purchasing activity buying conventional loans in the more affluent areas of the region. On the other hand, private institutions steadily eroded GSE market share in the conventional market, represented virtually the entire secondary market for subprime loans, and were considerably more active purchasing loans made to borrowers in communities that had been historically excluded from the primary mortgage market. Secondary market activity from 1996 to 2007 was significantly associated with changes along key housing and socio-economic conditions from 1990 to 2010. GSE market share was significantly associated with changing homeownership levels in neighborhoods throughout the region from 1990 to 2010. Higher levels of GSE market share were associated with net increases in homeownership in neighborhoods throughout the region. In a similar way, GSE-informed changes in homeownership levels were subsequently associated with significant changes in the percentage of residents living in poverty in neighborhoods throughout the region from 1990 to 2010, particularly on the Pennsylvania side of the region. Unlike the relationship between secondary market purchasing and homeownership, the relationship between secondary market purchasing and poverty levels functions through housing - either by virtue of more affluent residents moving in, or poor residents moving out of these areas. In both instances, GSE market share, and GSE-informed changes in homeownership sharpened differences between the different communities depending on where the GSEs concentrated their purchasing activity. The region’s urban centers, where GSE market share was lowest, experienced the greatest reductions in home ownership throughout the region, and the greatest increases in neighborhood poverty levels. In addition, the spatial relationships between individual neighborhoods exerted significant influences on changes in each of the housing and socio-economic indicators assessed. These findings suggest that space itself, and the spatial relationships between neighborhoods, exerted a significant influence on both secondary market activity and changing neighborhood conditions throughout the Philadelphia region. Over the twenty year period observed in this study, the types of differences between neighborhoods in the region have remained largely the same, while the degree of these differences has intensified during this time. In this way, the spatial distribution of neighborhood types in the Philadelphia region informed secondary market at the turn of the 21st century, which in turn contributed to the intensification of the differences between neighborhood types throughout the region. The findings presented in this study point to a number of key implications for theorists seeking to explain the role of space and place in the (re)production of patterns of uneven-development in metropolitan regions, and for understanding the financializaiton of space. In addition, these findings also point to key insights for policy makers currently developing legislation to reform the secondary mortgage market.
Temple University--Theses
7
Schiappacasse, Paulina. "Patterns of international migration in the Santiago Metropolitan Area - Characterization of the immigrants' social space and contributions to the national policy debate." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1174927934008-26787.
Full textAbstract:
International migration to Chile and to the Santiago Metropolitan Area (SMA), its major point of attraction, is a rather recent phenomenon which is gaining more and more attention. According to the latest population census the number of foreigners who were born abroad and permanently live in Chile, has increased by 75% between 1992 and 2002. Parallel to this, the national policy debate about immigration is becoming more intensive. However, until now there is only little evidence concerning the patterns of international migration and the characterization of the immigrants’ social space. This study is oriented towards reducing this deficit. Based on a thorough theoretical discussion, recent research publications and international reports, the study pursues mainly four objectives: The first objective is to identify major patterns of international migration as a context for the immigration to Chile and the SMA. The second objective is to understand the main features of international migration to the SMA. The third objective is to analyze the immigrants’ social space and its contribution to the overall urban development patterns in the SMA. And finally, the research results are linked with the national policy debate about immigration, and a number of policy recommendations are made. The study applies a mix of – mainly quantitative – methods, such as descriptive and analytical statistics including factor and cluster analyses using Chilean census data and visa records. The current immigration situation in Chile is characterized by a notable increase in the number of South American migrants, being attracted by better job opportunities. Moreover, there are growing numbers of young migrants for educational reasons. Chile appears to present an “intervening opportunity” in the migrants’ decision-making process, where a number of factors, such as new policy regulations in industrialized countries, the time/cost distance, as well as the economic development and political stability in the country, increasingly seem to turn into competitive advantages as compared to countries like the US, Spain or Italy. The qualification profiles of migrants in the SMA sharply contrast with the situation in most industrialized countries. In general, the educational level of immigrants is rather high. In general, immigrants strongly contribute to the educational level of the population in the SMA. Like in most global cities, two major streams of international migrants can be found in the SMA, on the one hand those who belong to the upper levels of the occupational hierarchy and on the other hand marginalized low-skill employees. The related data can be taken as an indication for the fact that a large group of immigrants is employed below their qualification levels. In the SMA, professionals and technicians play a very important role, and, except for some of the Peruvian and Ecuadorian migrants, there is little evidence of labour market segmentation. Skilled migrants contribute to reducing gaps of labour market supply in some sectors of the economy, such as public health and private education. Low-skilled migrants contribute to the labour market supply in fields where there is a growing demand, e.g. in the domestic services. Almost 50% of the international migrants live in five of the 34 communes of the SMA. This seems to be largely determined by two main factors: Migrants are found where job opportunities are, and they follow similar patterns like the Chilean population regarding their socio-spatial differentiation. Furthermore, despite the relatively high spatial concentration of migrants, the SMA shows less evidence of residential segregation than many European and US cities. The highest segregation indexes are associated with European and US immigrants with a high socioeconomic status (“voluntary ghettos”). Factor and cluster analyses show major patterns of the socio-spatial distribution of migrants in the SMA: a rather large zone of low attraction for migrants, the downtown area concentrating recent flows, and a series of semi-concentric zones around the centre where the migrants’ socio-economic and residential status increases with distance from the city centre. This is consistent with models of urban dynamics of Latin American cities. Based on the results of this study, four major recommendations for the policy debate about immigration can be derived. There is a need for (1) strengthening the diagnosis regarding immigration, (2) the improvement of the institutional framework and the participation of stakeholders, (3) fostering international cooperation regarding issues of immigration, as well as (4) shaping public opinion and strengthening the integration of immigrantsZuwanderung nach Chile und in den Großraum Santiago, dem wichtigsten Attraktionspol des Landes, ist ein relativ junges Phänomen, gewinnt aber zunehmend an Bedeutung. Laut dem letzten Bevölkerungszensus des Landes hat sich die Zahl der Zuwanderer, d.h. nach chilenischer Definition der Personen, die im Ausland geboren wurden und permanent in Chile leben, zwischen 1992 und 2002 um 75% erhöht. Parallel zu dieser Entwicklung, hat eine nationale Politikdebatte eingesetzt, die derzeit an Fahrt gewinnt. Allerdings gibt es bis heute nur wenig gesichertes Wissen über die Zuwanderung in Chile und deren sozialräumliche Charakteristika. Diese Arbeit soll einen Beitrag zur Verringerung dieses Defizits leisten. Auf der Grundlage einer Diskussion theoretischer Ansätze sowie von Studien und internationalen Berichten jüngeren Datums zu Fragen der Zuwanderung verfolgt die vorliegende Arbeit im Wesentlichen vier Ziele: Erstens sollen die Grundlinien internationaler Wanderungsprozesse als Rahmen für die Diskussion der Entwicklungstrends in Chile und im Großraum Santiago nachgezeichnet werden. Zweitens sollen Charakteristika der Zuwanderung im Großraum Santiago herausgearbeitet werden. Drittens geht es um die Identifizierung sozialräumlicher Strukturen der Zuwanderung und ihren Beitrag zur Stadtentwicklung im Großraum Santiago. Und schließlich werden aus den Ergebnissen der Studie Empfehlungen an die Politik als Beitrag zur Zuwanderungsdebatte in Chile abgeleitet. In der Arbeit werden unterschiedliche – überwiegend quantitative – Methoden verwendet, so zum Beispiel der deskriptiven und analytischen Statistik einschließlich einer Faktoren- und Clusteranalyse. Der Autorin standen hierfür umfangreiche chilenische Zensus- und Visadaten zur Verfügung. Die Zuwanderung nach Chile ist gegenwärtig insbesondere von einem starken Anstieg des Anteils von Migranten aus Lateinamerika gekennzeichnet. Dabei spielen vor allem die vergleichsweise großen Arbeitsmarktpotenziale des Landes eine Rolle. Zudem steigt die Zahl jüngerer Zuwanderer, für die Chile attraktive Ausbildungs- und Studienmöglichkeiten bietet. Im Entscheidungsprozess von Migranten kommt Chile zunehmend die Rolle einer „intervening opportunity“ zu, wobei eine Reihe von Faktoren dem Land komparative Vorteile gegenüber traditionellen Zuwanderungsländern für Migranten aus Lateinamerika wie den USA, Spanien oder Italien verschafft. Hierzu gehören u.a. die verschärften Zuwanderungsbeschränkungen in vielen Industrieländern, die günstigen Voraussetzungen hinsichtlich Zeit-/ Kosten-Distanzen sowie das anhaltende Wirtschaftswachstum und die politische Stabilität in Chile. Das allgemeine Qualifikationsprofil der Zuwanderer im Großraum Santiago unterscheidet sich deutlich von dem der Migranten in den meisten Industriestaaten. Im Allgemeinen ist das Bildungsniveau der Zuwanderer hoch. Wie in den meisten Weltstädten wird das Gros der Zuwanderer im Großraum Santiago insbesondere von zwei Gruppen gestellt, zum einen von Hochqualifizierten in Führungspositionen und zum anderen von gering qualifizierten und häufig marginalisierten Zuwanderern. Die entsprechenden Daten können im Übrigen auch als ein Indiz dafür angesehen werden, dass im Großraum Santiago viele Zuwanderer unterhalb ihres Qualifikationsniveaus beschäftigt zu sein scheinen. Akademiker und Fachkräfte spielen unter den Zuwanderern im Großraum Santiago eine große Rolle und –mit Ausnahme von Zuwanderern aus Peru und Ecuador – gibt es kaum Anzeichen für eine Segmentierung des Arbeitsmarktes. Qualifizierte Zuwanderer tragen in einigen Bereichen wie zum Beispiel bei der öffentlichen Gesundheitsvorsorge oder in Privatschulen zum Abbau von Arbeitsmarktengpässen bei. Geringer Qualifizierte erhöhen das Arbeitskräftepotenzial in Bereichen, in denen es u.a. aufgrund des Wirtschaftsaufschwungs in Chile eine steigende Nachfrage nach Arbeitskräften gibt, zum Beispiel im Bereich der Haushaltshilfen. Fast 50% aller Zuwanderer wohnen in fünf der 34 Kommunen des Großraums Santiago. Dies ist im Wesentlichen auf zwei Faktoren zurückzuführen: Migranten lassen sich dort nieder, wo es Beschäftigungsmöglichkeiten gibt und sie entwickeln ähnliche sozialräumliche Verteilungsmuster wie die chilenische Bevölkerung. Weiterhin ist festzustellen, dass die Zuwanderung trotz der relativ starken räumlichen Konzentration von Migranten im Großraum Santiago im Vergleich zu Großstädten in den USA oder in Europa kaum zu Segregation führt. Quer über verschiedene Segregationsindices sind jeweils die höchsten Werte bei Zuwanderern aus Europa und aus den USA mit hohem sozioökonomischem Status festzustellen („volontary ghettos“). Mit Hilfe von Faktoren- und Clusteranalysen lassen sich räumliche Verteilungsmuster von Zuwanderern im Großraum Santiago nachweisen: Ein weiter Bereich des Großraums Santiago (insbesondere im Westen und Süden) bietet offensichtlich nur wenig Attraktivität für Migranten; das Zentrum des Großraums bildet einen kernstädtischen Bereich mit relativ junger Zuwanderung; daran schließen mehrere halbkreisförmige Gebieten um das Zentrum an, in denen der Sozialstatus und die Wohnverhältnisse der Migranten nach außen hin zunehmen. Diese Struktur ist weitgehend vergleichbar mit lateinamerikanischen Stadtentwicklungsmodellen. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit legen im Hinblick auf die Zuwanderungsdebatte in Chile eine Reihe von Empfehlungen nahe. Dabei geht es im Wesentlichen um die folgenden Aspekte: (1) die Verbesserung der Informationsgrundlagen über Zuwanderung, (2) die Verbesserung der institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen und die Einbeziehung aller Beteiligten, (3) die Stärkung der internationalen Zusammenarbeit im Hinblick auf Migrationsfragen und (4) die Versachlichung der öffentlichen Debatte über Migration und die effizientere Integration von Zuwanderern
8
SILVA, RITA EMILIA ALVES DA. "SOCIAL WORK IN THE BRAZILIAN AIR FORCE: THE NATIONAL DEFENSE POLICY AND THE NEW REQUISITIONS FOR THE PROFESSION IN THE MILITARY SPACE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35841@1.
Full textAbstract:
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTITUIÇÕES COMUNITÁRIAS DE ENSINO PARTICULARES
Esta pesquisa versa sobre as novas requisições postas aos assistentes sociais da Aeronáutica, abordando, particularmente, os impactos para o serviço social, ao considerar a relação entre as transformações que vem sendo efetivadas no universo do trabalho dos militares e as políticas de defesa nacional, aprovadas nos anos 2000. Buscou dar visibilidade às respostas, construídas pela profissão, a partir de um ponto ainda não analisado, que se relaciona à atuação dos assistentes sociais nas missões operacionais das Forças Armadas. O trabalho partiu de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as atuais políticas de defesa nacional e, em especial, daquelas de caráter subsidiário, bem como do exame das principais normas técnicas que regulamentam a atuação profissional. Para viabilizar tal estudo, foi realizada uma pesquisa com enfoque qualitativo, visando analisar o trabalho profissional dos assistentes sociais e as requisições do campo operacional. Dessa forma, recorreu-se a três eixos, a saber: Trabalhadores militares e os desafios do campo operacional subsidiário; Missões Subsidiárias: o olhar do Serviço Social e a construção do seu lugar; Serviço Social e a legitimação do espaço socio-ocupacional nas missões da Força Aérea Brasileira, envolvendo organizações militares do Comando da Aeronáutica nas áreas de assistência social, saúde, controle do espaço aéreo, logística operacional e aviação, de todo o país. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que o cenário de intensas transformações e novas requisições para a profissão, na Aeronáutica, é acompanhado por uma condição de trabalho, na maioria dos casos, marcada pelo caráter de instabilidade no serviço militar. Outro ponto sinalizado centra-se nos impactos para a profissão, oriundos, de um lado, pelas transformações em curso no mundo do trabalho e, de outro, das novas requisições que acompanham as atuais políticas de defesa nacional. Os resultados da pesquisa também indicam o caráter pontual e fragmentado das ações do serviço social no âmbito das missões subsidiárias. Tal questão é justificada pela própria lógica normativa, a qual prevê a transitoriedade nas operações militares dessa natureza, tendo em vista não ser essa a missão constitucional das Forças Armadas. A partir dos dados levantados, esta tese defende a necessidade de conhecimento, por parte da profissão, sobre as políticas de defesa nacional e, em particular, do emprego atual das missões subsidiárias, ao considerar que a invisibilidade desta área dificulta investimentos em estudos sobre o espaço socio-ocupacional das Forças Armadas, além de manter a distância entre as ações e possibilidades deste campo com o projeto ético-político do Serviço Social.
This research deals with the new requests made to Aeronautics social workers. Addressing, in particular, the impacts to the social work, considering the relationship between the transformations that have been made in the universe of military work and defense policies of Brazil, approved in the 2000s. It sought to give visibility to the answers, built by the profession, from a point not yet analyzed, which is related to the work of social workers in the operational missions of the Armed Forces. The work started with a bibliographical review on the current national defense policies, and especially those of a subsidiary nature, as well as the examination of the main technical norms that regulate the professional performance. To make this study viable, a qualitative research was carried out, aiming to analyze the professional work of social workers and the requisitions of the operational field. In this way, three axes were used, namely: Military workers and the challenges of the subsidiary operational field; Subsidiary Missions: the look of Social Service and the construction of its place; Social Service and the legitimation of the socio-occupational space in the missions of the Brazilian Air Force, involving military organizations of the Aeronautics Command in the areas of social assistance, health, airspace control, operational logistics and aviation, throughout the country. The results of the research demonstrate that the scenario of intense transformations and new requisitions for the profession, in the Aeronautics, is accompanied by a work condition, in most cases, marked by the instability character in the military service. Another signaled point focuses on the impacts to the profession, originating, on the one hand, by the ongoing transformations in the world of work and, on the other hand, the new requisitions that accompany current national defense policies. The results of the research also indicate the punctual and fragmented nature of social work actions within the scope of subsidiary missions. This issue is justified by the normative logic itself, which provides for transitoriness in military operations of this nature, since this is not the constitutional mission of the Armed Forces. Based on the data collected, this thesis argues the need for the profession to know about national defense policies and, in particular, the current use of subsidiary missions, considering that the invisibility of this area makes it difficult to invest in studies on the socio-occupational space of the Armed Forces, besides maintaining the distance between the actions and possibilities of this field with the ethical-political project of the Social Work.
9
Schiappacasse, Paulina. "Patterns of international migration in the Santiago Metropolitan Area - Characterization of the immigrants' social space and contributions to the national policy debate." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24794.
Full textAbstract:
International migration to Chile and to the Santiago Metropolitan Area (SMA), its major point of attraction, is a rather recent phenomenon which is gaining more and more attention. According to the latest population census the number of foreigners who were born abroad and permanently live in Chile, has increased by 75% between 1992 and 2002. Parallel to this, the national policy debate about immigration is becoming more intensive. However, until now there is only little evidence concerning the patterns of international migration and the characterization of the immigrants’ social space. This study is oriented towards reducing this deficit. Based on a thorough theoretical discussion, recent research publications and international reports, the study pursues mainly four objectives: The first objective is to identify major patterns of international migration as a context for the immigration to Chile and the SMA. The second objective is to understand the main features of international migration to the SMA. The third objective is to analyze the immigrants’ social space and its contribution to the overall urban development patterns in the SMA. And finally, the research results are linked with the national policy debate about immigration, and a number of policy recommendations are made. The study applies a mix of – mainly quantitative – methods, such as descriptive and analytical statistics including factor and cluster analyses using Chilean census data and visa records. The current immigration situation in Chile is characterized by a notable increase in the number of South American migrants, being attracted by better job opportunities. Moreover, there are growing numbers of young migrants for educational reasons. Chile appears to present an “intervening opportunity” in the migrants’ decision-making process, where a number of factors, such as new policy regulations in industrialized countries, the time/cost distance, as well as the economic development and political stability in the country, increasingly seem to turn into competitive advantages as compared to countries like the US, Spain or Italy. The qualification profiles of migrants in the SMA sharply contrast with the situation in most industrialized countries. In general, the educational level of immigrants is rather high. In general, immigrants strongly contribute to the educational level of the population in the SMA. Like in most global cities, two major streams of international migrants can be found in the SMA, on the one hand those who belong to the upper levels of the occupational hierarchy and on the other hand marginalized low-skill employees. The related data can be taken as an indication for the fact that a large group of immigrants is employed below their qualification levels. In the SMA, professionals and technicians play a very important role, and, except for some of the Peruvian and Ecuadorian migrants, there is little evidence of labour market segmentation. Skilled migrants contribute to reducing gaps of labour market supply in some sectors of the economy, such as public health and private education. Low-skilled migrants contribute to the labour market supply in fields where there is a growing demand, e.g. in the domestic services. Almost 50% of the international migrants live in five of the 34 communes of the SMA. This seems to be largely determined by two main factors: Migrants are found where job opportunities are, and they follow similar patterns like the Chilean population regarding their socio-spatial differentiation. Furthermore, despite the relatively high spatial concentration of migrants, the SMA shows less evidence of residential segregation than many European and US cities. The highest segregation indexes are associated with European and US immigrants with a high socioeconomic status (“voluntary ghettos”). Factor and cluster analyses show major patterns of the socio-spatial distribution of migrants in the SMA: a rather large zone of low attraction for migrants, the downtown area concentrating recent flows, and a series of semi-concentric zones around the centre where the migrants’ socio-economic and residential status increases with distance from the city centre. This is consistent with models of urban dynamics of Latin American cities. Based on the results of this study, four major recommendations for the policy debate about immigration can be derived. There is a need for (1) strengthening the diagnosis regarding immigration, (2) the improvement of the institutional framework and the participation of stakeholders, (3) fostering international cooperation regarding issues of immigration, as well as (4) shaping public opinion and strengthening the integration of immigrants.Zuwanderung nach Chile und in den Großraum Santiago, dem wichtigsten Attraktionspol des Landes, ist ein relativ junges Phänomen, gewinnt aber zunehmend an Bedeutung. Laut dem letzten Bevölkerungszensus des Landes hat sich die Zahl der Zuwanderer, d.h. nach chilenischer Definition der Personen, die im Ausland geboren wurden und permanent in Chile leben, zwischen 1992 und 2002 um 75% erhöht. Parallel zu dieser Entwicklung, hat eine nationale Politikdebatte eingesetzt, die derzeit an Fahrt gewinnt. Allerdings gibt es bis heute nur wenig gesichertes Wissen über die Zuwanderung in Chile und deren sozialräumliche Charakteristika. Diese Arbeit soll einen Beitrag zur Verringerung dieses Defizits leisten. Auf der Grundlage einer Diskussion theoretischer Ansätze sowie von Studien und internationalen Berichten jüngeren Datums zu Fragen der Zuwanderung verfolgt die vorliegende Arbeit im Wesentlichen vier Ziele: Erstens sollen die Grundlinien internationaler Wanderungsprozesse als Rahmen für die Diskussion der Entwicklungstrends in Chile und im Großraum Santiago nachgezeichnet werden. Zweitens sollen Charakteristika der Zuwanderung im Großraum Santiago herausgearbeitet werden. Drittens geht es um die Identifizierung sozialräumlicher Strukturen der Zuwanderung und ihren Beitrag zur Stadtentwicklung im Großraum Santiago. Und schließlich werden aus den Ergebnissen der Studie Empfehlungen an die Politik als Beitrag zur Zuwanderungsdebatte in Chile abgeleitet. In der Arbeit werden unterschiedliche – überwiegend quantitative – Methoden verwendet, so zum Beispiel der deskriptiven und analytischen Statistik einschließlich einer Faktoren- und Clusteranalyse. Der Autorin standen hierfür umfangreiche chilenische Zensus- und Visadaten zur Verfügung. Die Zuwanderung nach Chile ist gegenwärtig insbesondere von einem starken Anstieg des Anteils von Migranten aus Lateinamerika gekennzeichnet. Dabei spielen vor allem die vergleichsweise großen Arbeitsmarktpotenziale des Landes eine Rolle. Zudem steigt die Zahl jüngerer Zuwanderer, für die Chile attraktive Ausbildungs- und Studienmöglichkeiten bietet. Im Entscheidungsprozess von Migranten kommt Chile zunehmend die Rolle einer „intervening opportunity“ zu, wobei eine Reihe von Faktoren dem Land komparative Vorteile gegenüber traditionellen Zuwanderungsländern für Migranten aus Lateinamerika wie den USA, Spanien oder Italien verschafft. Hierzu gehören u.a. die verschärften Zuwanderungsbeschränkungen in vielen Industrieländern, die günstigen Voraussetzungen hinsichtlich Zeit-/ Kosten-Distanzen sowie das anhaltende Wirtschaftswachstum und die politische Stabilität in Chile. Das allgemeine Qualifikationsprofil der Zuwanderer im Großraum Santiago unterscheidet sich deutlich von dem der Migranten in den meisten Industriestaaten. Im Allgemeinen ist das Bildungsniveau der Zuwanderer hoch. Wie in den meisten Weltstädten wird das Gros der Zuwanderer im Großraum Santiago insbesondere von zwei Gruppen gestellt, zum einen von Hochqualifizierten in Führungspositionen und zum anderen von gering qualifizierten und häufig marginalisierten Zuwanderern. Die entsprechenden Daten können im Übrigen auch als ein Indiz dafür angesehen werden, dass im Großraum Santiago viele Zuwanderer unterhalb ihres Qualifikationsniveaus beschäftigt zu sein scheinen. Akademiker und Fachkräfte spielen unter den Zuwanderern im Großraum Santiago eine große Rolle und –mit Ausnahme von Zuwanderern aus Peru und Ecuador – gibt es kaum Anzeichen für eine Segmentierung des Arbeitsmarktes. Qualifizierte Zuwanderer tragen in einigen Bereichen wie zum Beispiel bei der öffentlichen Gesundheitsvorsorge oder in Privatschulen zum Abbau von Arbeitsmarktengpässen bei. Geringer Qualifizierte erhöhen das Arbeitskräftepotenzial in Bereichen, in denen es u.a. aufgrund des Wirtschaftsaufschwungs in Chile eine steigende Nachfrage nach Arbeitskräften gibt, zum Beispiel im Bereich der Haushaltshilfen. Fast 50% aller Zuwanderer wohnen in fünf der 34 Kommunen des Großraums Santiago. Dies ist im Wesentlichen auf zwei Faktoren zurückzuführen: Migranten lassen sich dort nieder, wo es Beschäftigungsmöglichkeiten gibt und sie entwickeln ähnliche sozialräumliche Verteilungsmuster wie die chilenische Bevölkerung. Weiterhin ist festzustellen, dass die Zuwanderung trotz der relativ starken räumlichen Konzentration von Migranten im Großraum Santiago im Vergleich zu Großstädten in den USA oder in Europa kaum zu Segregation führt. Quer über verschiedene Segregationsindices sind jeweils die höchsten Werte bei Zuwanderern aus Europa und aus den USA mit hohem sozioökonomischem Status festzustellen („volontary ghettos“). Mit Hilfe von Faktoren- und Clusteranalysen lassen sich räumliche Verteilungsmuster von Zuwanderern im Großraum Santiago nachweisen: Ein weiter Bereich des Großraums Santiago (insbesondere im Westen und Süden) bietet offensichtlich nur wenig Attraktivität für Migranten; das Zentrum des Großraums bildet einen kernstädtischen Bereich mit relativ junger Zuwanderung; daran schließen mehrere halbkreisförmige Gebieten um das Zentrum an, in denen der Sozialstatus und die Wohnverhältnisse der Migranten nach außen hin zunehmen. Diese Struktur ist weitgehend vergleichbar mit lateinamerikanischen Stadtentwicklungsmodellen. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit legen im Hinblick auf die Zuwanderungsdebatte in Chile eine Reihe von Empfehlungen nahe. Dabei geht es im Wesentlichen um die folgenden Aspekte: (1) die Verbesserung der Informationsgrundlagen über Zuwanderung, (2) die Verbesserung der institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen und die Einbeziehung aller Beteiligten, (3) die Stärkung der internationalen Zusammenarbeit im Hinblick auf Migrationsfragen und (4) die Versachlichung der öffentlichen Debatte über Migration und die effizientere Integration von Zuwanderern.
10
D'Andreta, Daniela. "Urban cohesion and resident social networks : an analysis of spatial, structural and ideational forms of interaction and consequences for deprived neighbourhoods." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/urban-cohesion-and-resident-social-networks-an-analysis-of-spatial-structural-and-ideational-forms-of-interaction-and-consequences-for-deprived-neighbourhoods(81224fab-855f-4131-bf4b-d286cf542603).html.
Full textAbstract:
Most studies of 'cohesion' between urban residents focus separately on either social network structure or ideations with very little attention given to the intersection between spatial, structural and ideational dimensions of networks. This is problematic on two levels: firstly because attitudes and practices are formed in the context of personal social networks; and secondly because social interactions between residents are physically embodied and therefore spatially constrained. This thesis explores empirically the relationship between spatial cohesion (the extent to which a network is geographically localised or dispersed), structural cohesion (the extent to which a network is tight-knit or fragmented) and ideational cohesion (the extent to which residents have similar attitudes and practices). The social networks, attitudes and practices of white-British residents living in deprived urban localities of North Manchester are studied (survey, n=409; interview, n=53). Variances in forms of cohesion were found to have consequences for residents and localities. At the individual level, the spatial and structural shape of a resident's network was linked to their attitudes and behaviours. Attitudes and practices were 'framed' in the context of personal network structure exhibited through a set of resident 'roles'. This matters for urban cohesion because a person's social network structure influenced whether they liked their neighbourhood, trusted other residents, felt a sense of community or had found jobs through contacts. Previous studies have argued that contemporary urban networks have become fluid, dynamic and spatially dispersed. Yet this research found that although some people had networks that were geographically spread, most resident networks were made of localised, tight-knit, stable, long-term relations. Moreover, people with these cohesive, localised networks framed their experiences of urban cohesion differently to those with geographically spread and/or disconnected social networks. Particularly because the attitudes and practices of residents with localised, cohesive networks were very often habitual and socially reproduced. Social networks focus people's activities in such a way that not only constrains or enables current attitudes and practices but can also affect an individual's ability to change their future behaviour. At the locality level, the type of 'deprived' locality seemed to influence network structure. The structural, spatial and ideational distribution of cohesion at locality level provided neighbourhoods with different portfolios of social capital. Qualitative differences were observed between homogeneous-deprived (very low income, white areas) and socially mixed-deprived (white deprived areas with some class/ethnic mix) localities. People living in deprived-homogenous localities concentrated their networks within the local area and had few ties to residents of bordering areas, a sign of social distance. Conversely, residents of socially mixed-deprived localities had more potential to bridge ties to other neighbourhoods because their networks were not overly focused within the local area. Given that attitudes and practices are framed in the context of social network structure, it was argued that residents of deprived-homogeneous and socially mixed-deprived areas may experience and interpret urban cohesion differently and this has implications for universal policies of cohesion in deprived neighbourhoods. The thesis illustrates the interplay between spatial, structural and ideational forms of cohesion and highlights consequences for individual action and the generation of neighbourhood social capital. The originality of analysis and data synthesis are used to advance a relational and contextualised theory of urban cohesion and contribute to wider academic and policy debates on urban social networks and neighbourhood deprivation.
11
Kolavalli, Chhaya. "“WE’RE BEING LEFT TO BLIGHT”: GREEN URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND RACIALIZED SPACE IN KANSAS CITY." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/anthro_etds/31.
Full textAbstract:
In this dissertation, I explore ‘green’ urban development and urban agriculture projects from the perspective of residents of an African American majority neighborhood in Kansas City—who reside in an area referred to as a ‘blighted food desert’ by local policy makers. In Kansas City, extensive city government support exists for urban agricultural projects, which are touted not just as a solution to poverty associated issues such food insecurity and obesity, but also as a remedy for ‘blight,’ violence and crime, and vacant urban land. Specific narratives of Kansas City’s past are used to prop up and legitimate these future visions for, and development projects in, the city. This dissertation lays out an argument for how, in Kansas City, the dominant narrative surrounding urban sustainability, agriculture, and history came to be constructed and informed by white voices, and documents how these narratives, primarily constructed by upper-middle class white local ‘foodies’, are harnessed to support green development projects that marginalize and displace people of color and the poor. Specifically, I draw on 26 months of ethnographic fieldwork to explore how this narrative was constructed and elevated in local policy circles, document the lived consequences of this whitened narrative from the perspective of residents of “food deserts,” and describe historical and current minority-led agricultural projects—which aren’t included in dominant accountings of Kansas City’s development. I also explore agentive actions of racialized groups in opposition to this dominant whitened discourse, documenting how one neighborhood council in Kansas City strategically utilizes urban food project funding to acquire other, more urgently needed, community resources. I bring light to important acts of resistance by some black and brown urban farmers, who explicitly work to shape city space by reinscribing spatialized histories of displacement and racism in Kansas City. In this project I understand racialization and representation as active, not passive, processes, that have the power to determine whose voices are heard, and who has power to shape city space and its use. By untangling the racialized construction of history and space, and drawing on narratives shared by oft-silenced groups, this dissertation project contributes to scholarly work committed to disrupting hegemonic spatialized whiteness (McKittrick 2011).
12
Oliveira, Sandro Barbosa de [UNIFESP]. "Repensando a (re)produção social do espaço: a Comuna Urbana Dom Hélder Câmara do MST na redefinição urbana." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2013. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/11600/41759.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Cristiane de Melo Shirayama (cristiane.shirayama@unifesp.br) on 2018-04-13T21:12:27Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
REPENSANDO_A_REPRODU__O_DO_.PDF: 7523629 bytes, checksum: e58f872d7f24caa1eb4ab8db3eff1c9d (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Diogo Misoguti (diogo.misoguti@gmail.com) on 2018-04-17T18:06:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 REPENSANDO_A_REPRODU__O_DO_.PDF: 7523629 bytes, checksum: e58f872d7f24caa1eb4ab8db3eff1c9d (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-17T18:06:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 REPENSANDO_A_REPRODU__O_DO_.PDF: 7523629 bytes, checksum: e58f872d7f24caa1eb4ab8db3eff1c9d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-17
Fundação Amazônia Paraense de Amparo à Pesquisa (FAPESPA)
Esta dissertação trata da particularidade da reprodução social mediante a produção do espaço a partir da experiência da Comuna Urbana Dom Hélder Câmara. Produzida por sujeitos diversos, a experiência da Comuna permitiu analisar os processos de trabalho e urbanização com o objetivo de compreender os impasses e as potencialidades da autogestão na produção habitacional entre os anos de 2008 a 2012. Depreende-se da descrição e da análise o processo e o contexto de problematização dos limites da forma urbana da habitação unifamiliar e individual, em um momento em que a produção habitacional aumentou vertiginosamente em decorrência da lógica produtivista do setor imobiliário. Discute-se as diversas formas de habitação na formação da metrópole paulistana: autoconstrução-favelização, produção estatal, produção imobiliária e mutirão autogerido e, em seguida, investiga-se a relação entre os processos de industrialização e urbanização como mote de contextualização histórica de entendimento dos impasses das políticas urbana e habitacional. Em contraposição ao processo de urbanização segregador e individualizador, é analisado o “fazer-se” coletivo da classe pela experiência da Comuna e sua forma de organização política e espacial que resulta num projeto arquitetônico inovador e complexo, que reuniu espaços sociais distintos para além da habitação como expressão da busca do social, da reunião e da simultaneidade do urbano.
This dissertation deals with the particularity of social reproduction through the production of space from the experience of the Commune Urban Dom Helder Camara. Produced by different subjects, the experience of the Commune allowed to analyze work processes and development with the goal of understanding the dilemmas and possibilities of self-management in housing production between the years 2008-2012. It appears from the description and analysis of the process and context of questioning the limits of the urban form of the single-family dwelling and detached, at a time that housing production has increased dramatically due to the productivist logic of the real estate industry. It discusses the various forms of housing in the metropolis training: self-slums, state production, production and self-managed real estate task force and then investigates the relationship between the processes of industrialization and urbanization as a theme of historical context of understanding impasses of urban and housing policies. In contrast to the process of urbanization and individualization segregated, is considered the "make up" class for the collective experience of the Commune and its organizational and political space which results in a complex and innovative architectural design, bringing together different social spaces beyond housing as an expression of social search, the meeting and the simultaneity of the city.
13
Palmer, Amitabha. "Scientific Facts in the Space of Public Reason: Moderate Idealization, Public Justification, and Vaccine Policy Under Conditions of Widespread Misinformation and Conspiracism." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1605280915977124.
Full text
14
Robson, James. "Teachers' professional identity in the digital world : a digital ethnography of Religious Education teachers' engagement in online social space." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:622a9d6c-0fbf-4eaa-9882-4189f5e99069.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents an ethnographic investigation of teachers’ peer-to-peer engagement in online social spaces, using the concept of teachers’ professional identity as a framework to shape and focus the study. Using Religious Education (RE) as a strong example of the wider phenomenon of teachers’ online engagement, three online social spaces (the Times Educational Supplement’s RE Forum, the National Association of Teachers of RE Facebook Page, and the Save RE Facebook Group) were investigated as case studies. A year was spent in these spaces with digital ethnographic research taking place simultaneously in each one. Data gathering primarily took the form of participant observations, in depth analysis of time-based sampled text (three 8-week samples from each space), online and offline narrative based interviews and, to a lesser extent, questionnaires, elite interviews and analysis of grey literature. The study finds that engagement in the online social spaces offered teachers opportunities to perform and construct their professional identities across a variety of topics ranging from local practical concerns to national political issues. In more practical topics the spaces could often be observed as acting as communities of practice in which professional learning took place and identities were constructed, with such online professional development influencing offline classroom practice. However, engaging across this spectrum of topics afforded users a broad conception of what it means to be a teacher, where professional identity was understood as going beyond classroom practice and integrating engagement with subject-wide, political and policy related issues at a national level. Such engagement provided many users with a feeling of belonging to a national community of peers, which, alongside political activism initiated in online interaction and meaning making debates concerning the future and identity of the subject, provided teachers with feelings of empowerment and a sense of ownership of their subject. However, the study found that teachers’ online engagement took place within structures embedded in the online social spaces that influenced and shaped engagement and the ways in which users’ professional identities were performed and constructed. These structures were linked with the design and technical affordances of the spaces, the agendas of the parent organisations that provided the spaces, and the discourses that dominated the spaces. These aspects of the spaces provided a structure that limited engagement, content and available online identity positions while additionally projecting ideal identity positions, distinctive in each space. These ideal identity positions had a constructive influence over many users who aspired to these ideals, often gaining confidence through expressing such socially validated ideals or feeling inadequate when failing to perform such ideal identity positions. Thus, this study finds a complex relationship between agency linked with active online identity performance and the constructive influence of embedded structures that contributed to the shaping of users’ engagement and their understandings of themselves as professionals and their subject.
15
Ribeiro, Rovaine. "A política de habitação de interesse social e a dimensão urbana em municípios da Amazônia/Pará." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-15072015-134752/.
Full textAbstract:
A presente pesquisa busca compreender a relação entre a política urbana de habitação de interesse social no Brasil em seu período recente e a diversidade urbano-regional da Amazônia e em particular em alguns municípios do Pará. Nesse sentido, apontamos como questões centrais: a) A relação entre a política urbana de habitação de interesse social no Brasil e a diversidade urbano-regional dos municípios da Amazônia/Pará; b) Como decorrência da premissa anterior, duas ordens de questões se delineiam, a primeira refere-se à ideia de um falseamento do problema da habitação e o seu reflexo territorial; a segunda diz respeito ao papel do Estado e a lógica das relações de poder no desenvolvimento de suas ações atreladas neste caso, ao desenvolvimento da política urbana. Assim faz-se necessário compreender o paradoxo entre o reconhecimento/não reconhecimento da diversidade urbano-regional e da população dos municípios brasileiros, visto que ao mesmo tempo em que a política prevê a contemplação do direito à cidade e da função social da cidade e da propriedade, a sua efetivação acaba por deixar à margem da cidade, exatamente aqueles sujeitos que têm suas realidades vividas construídas cotidianamente na margem do rio ou da estrada, e que veem essas práticas espaciais diversas e singulares, sendo homogeneizadas no âmbito do planejamento urbano através das representações que se criam desses espaços, mas que por sua vez constituem o espaço do possível, na medida em que são práticas espaciais residuais no/do urbano (LEFEBVRE, 2001).This research seeks to understand the relationship between the urban policy of social housing in Brazil in its recente period and the urban-regional diversity of the Amazon and in particular on some municipalities in Pará. Accorddingly, we point out how central questions: a) The relationship between urban policy of social housing in Brazil and the urban-regional diversity of the municipalities of the Amazon/Pará; b) As a result of the above assumption, two main issues are outlined, the first refers to the idea of distortion of the housing problem and its territorial reflex; the second concerns the role of the state and the logic of power relations in the development of their shares underlying this case, the development of urban policy. Thus it is necessary to understand the paradox of recognition/non-recognition of the urban-regional diversity and population of municipalities, whereas at the same time that the policy provides for the contemplation of city law and the social function of the city and property, their effectiveness ultimately fail at the margins of the city, just those guys who have lived their daily realities built on the river bank or road, and they see these diverse and unique spatial practices, and homogeneized within the urban planning through representations that these spaces are created, but which in turn constitute the space of possible insofar as they are practical in wastewater spatial/urban (Lefebvre, 2001).
16
Morehead, Elizabeth. "Public Policy and Sexual Geography in Portland, Oregon, 1970-2010." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/205.
Full textAbstract:
Drawing on the concept of sexual geography, this study examines the social and political meanings of sexualized spaces in the urban geography of Portland, Oregon between 1970 and 2010. This includes an examination of the sexual geography of urban spaces as a deliberate construct resulting from official and unofficial public policy and urban planning decisions. Sexual geographies, the collective and individual constructions of sexuality, are not static. Nor are definitions of deviant sexual practices fixed in the collective consciousness. Both are continuously being reshaped and reconstructed in response to changing economic structures and beliefs about sex, race and class. Primary documents are used to build a conceptual geography of sexualized spaces in Portland at points between 1970 and 2010 with an emphasis on the policy and urban planning decisions that inform the physical designations and social meanings of sexualized spaces including prostitution zones, pornography districts and gay entertainment areas.
17
Silva, João Luís Martins da. "Entre a cidade ideal e a cidade real: limites e potencialidades dos processos de participação social na revisões do Plano Diretor do município de Viçosa - MG." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-21122016-124456/.
Full textAbstract:
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar um estudo de caso de política urbana, os processos de revisão do Plano Diretor de Viçosa, no estado de Minas Gerais, uma cidade universitária localizada na região da Mata Mineira. Nesse estudo, podemos verificar a relevância para o quadro socioespacial de Viçosa da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, no que se refere à produção do espaço, como gerador de demanda de serviços e no mercado imobiliário, mas também por se constituir num importante agente-ator político, na figura de seus docentes, como propositores e elaboradores de políticas públicas locais. A relevância do presente trabalho reside no fato de que, parte considerável das pesquisas realizadas na temática urbana leva em consideração quase que exclusivamente, a dinâmica urbana metropolitana e o desdobramento das ações de planejamento urbano nesses espaços. Assim, o trabalho pode se consubstanciar num esforço de compreensão da dinâmica da produção do espaço urbano e na elucidação dos processos de formulação e discussão sobre políticas públicas em cidades de porte médio do Brasil. Especificamente, o trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o processo de participação social na revisão do plano diretor desse município, considerando as ações empreendidas pelo Poder Público local no processo de revisão do Plano Diretor, as ações dos agentes-atores envolvidos no processo e como se efetuou a participação social nesse acontecimento. Analisaremos os limites e as possibilidades do processo participatório ocorrido em Viçosa inserido nessa política urbana, considerando a expectativa de se consubstanciar-se num processo que possa repercutir numa mudança socioespacial. Para realizarmos a análise proposta, reconstruímos o histórico da criação das instituições locais de planejamento urbano, considerando a atuação dos principais agentes políticos, como essas instituições conduziram as ações de planejamento urbano que visavam a participação social e por fim, a própria participação da sociedade local nas audiências de consulta popular. As reconstituições propostas foram possíveis a partir da realização de entrevistas e consulta documental.This thesis aims to analyze a case study of urban policy, the review processe of the Viçosa Master Plan, the state of Minas Gerais, a university town located in the Mata Mineira region. In this study, we can verify the relevance to the socio-spatial framework of Viçosa of the Federal University of Viçosa, regarding the production of space, as a generator of demand for services and real estate, but also for constituting an important political actor-actor in the figure of their teachers as proponents and elaborators of local public policies. The relevance of this work is in the fact that a considerable part of the research conducted in the urban theme takes into account almost exclusively metropolitan urban dynamics and the developments of urban planning actions in these spaces. Like this, the work can constitute an effort to understand the dynamics of the production of urban space and in elucidating the processes of formulation and discussion of public policy in medium-sized cities of Brazil. Specifically, the study aims to analyze the process of social participation in the review of the master plan of this municipality , considering the actions taken by the local public authorities in the review of the Plan Director process , the actions of the agents involved in the process and how to befell the social participation in this event. Analyze the limits and possibilities of participatory process occurred in Viçosa inserted into this urban policy , considering the expectation of fleshing it is a process that can pass a sociospatial change. To perform the analysis proposed to reconstruct the history of the creation of local institutions of urban planning, considering the performance of the main political players, these institutions led the urban planning actions aimed at social participation and, finally, the participation of local society in the public audience. The reconstructions were possible from conducting interviews and document research.
18
Siqueira, Antenora Maria da Mata. "Recursos hidricos : problemas coletivos, interesses contraditorios e gestão politica no Vale do Itabapoana (sudeste brasileiro)." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256937.
Full textAbstract:
Orientadores: Sonia Maria Pessoa Pereira Bergamasco, Delma Pessanha NevesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T00:42:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Siqueira_AntenoraMariadaMata_D.pdf: 4725520 bytes, checksum: 37f99870ff7dfc87fc6bd7bc0a0edcc2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Analisar processos políticos de construção e reconhecimento de espaços sociopolíticos, voltados para a construção de reivindicações, projetos e definição de regras para gerir bens de uso comum é o objetivo desta pesquisa. A sua base empírica refere-se a agentes sociais (políticos, governantes, pesquisadores, pescadores, técnicos, agricultores, professores e representantes de instituições civis) que por meio de processos de concertação e negociação, tornaram possível a institucionalização de espaços públicos e a reprodução social ampliada do Vale do Itabapoana, no sudeste brasileiro. A opção foi por uma abordagem qualitativa, no intuito de se reconstituir as trajetórias sociais dos agentes e espaços construídos. O recorte temporal da pesquisa refere-se ao período em que uma universidade esteve à frente do referido processo - de 1995 a 2007. Por um período de aproximadamente doze anos, problemas socioeconômicos e ambientais têm sido tratados em diversas escalas territoriais, com a idéia-valor de gestão descentralizada, integrada e participativa. Foram formadas redes sociais a partir das quais os agentes sociais conseguiram estruturar, dar visibilidade e fazerem reconhecidas suas reivindicações por meio de conselhos municipais, fóruns de bacia, consórcio de bacia e comitê de bacia (em formação). Também possibilitou a emergência de conflitos de interesses, muitos deles latentes até então. Mesmo que oficiais tais espaços não se constituem nos únicos em que são tratados os problemas relativos a água. Pode-se verificar que convergência de políticas e programas para esse(s) território(s) contribuiu para o aumento do aporte financeiro, técnico, da visibilidade política de alguns segmentos e do fortalecimento de algumas instâncias de gestão formalizadas. Entretanto, sendo oriundas de organismos governamentais de natureza e esferas diferenciadas, muitas dessas respostas (programas e/ou políticas) permaneceram condicionadas a modelos de arranjos institucionais e metodologias previamente definidas e de utilização obrigatória, o que, no (des)encontro com aquelas existentes no espaço social, promoveram outras configurações. Dessa forma, ao invés de contribuírem para o fortalecimento da preconizada gestão integrada e participativa concorreram na fragmentação e a re-setorialização das experiências em curso nos espaços de gestão, bem como para promoção de outras configurações do espaço social.
Abstract: This research aims to analyze the political processes of construction and recognition from sociopolitical spaces, related to claims construction, projects and rules definition for the common goods management. Its empirical basis refers to social agents (politicians, governors, researches, fishermen, technicians, farmers, professors and civil institutions representatives) that through agreement and trading made possible the public spaces institutionalization in the Vale do Itabapoana region, in the southeast of Brazil. The option was made by a qualitative approach since it was considered the most suitable method to analyze questions related to social processes. The temporal cut from the research refers to the period in which the university was ahead from the referred process - from 1995 until 2006. During twelve years approximately, socioeconomic and environmental problems have been treated in several territorial scales, with the ideavalue of a decentralized and participatory management. It was formed social networks from which social agents could structure, gain visibility and make known its demands through municipal councils, basin boards, forums and consortiums and water basin committee. However, even if official, they do not constitute the only spaces in which social agents and groups treat of water resources matters. The political convergence and programs for this/these territory(ies) contributed to the financial and technical intake and to the political visibility from some segments. It also allowed interests conflicts outgrowth, many of them dormant until then. These official spaces do not constitute the only spaces in which social agents and groups treat of water resources matters. It's possible to verify the political convergence and programs for these territories contributed to the financial and technical intake and the political visibility from some segments and the strengthening of some instances of formalized management. However, the answers (programs and policies) from government agencies and of several spheres remain conditioned to institutional arrangement models and previously defined methodologies of mandatory use in several times. The meeting of these programs and policies with the answers of the social space promoted other settings. Therefore, instead of contributing to the strengthening of the integrated and participatory management, they compete leading in the fragmentation and sectorials changes of experiences on the managers spaces, as well for others configurations of social space.
Doutorado
Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola
19
Casper-Futterman, Evan. "The Operation was Successful but the Patient Died: The Politics of Crisis and Homelessness in Post-Katrina New Orleans." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1368.
Full textAbstract:
On July 4th, 2007, a small group of housing activists set up a tent city encampment in a plaza adjacent to New Orleans City Hall. The action resulted in the creation of Homeless Pride, a small group of politicized Plaza residents. Six months later, hundreds of homeless people were moved from the park, and it was fenced off. Using archival videos, interviews, and news media, this thesis analyzes the opportunities and constraints that activists, service providers, and local officials faced in light of two intersecting and overlapping contexts. The first context is the immediate crisis of the levee failures after Hurricane Katrina, and the second is the longer-term national political-economic context of “neoliberal urbanism”. Because of dire short-term circumstances, Homeless Pride articulated a message of homelessness as a “crisis” even though they had larger structural goals and vision. In light of recent “Occupy” movements, this case study addresses crucial questions for organizers and policymakers attempting to combat poverty and wealth inequality.
20
Arruda, Paula Purper. "CELEBRIDADES POLÍTICAS NO ESPAÇO PÚBLICO DIGITAL: UMA ANÁLISE DO PERFIL OFICIAL DO SENADOR ROMÁRIO FARIA NA REDE SOCIAL DIGITAL FACEBOOK." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6368.
Full textAbstract:
This scientific research considers a political celebrity, Senator Romario Faria, the digital public space, making an analysis of publications and interactions contained in his official profile on Facebook. Through content analysis of posts with greater interaction each week, plus thirty first comments in a period of twelve months, it seeks to understand the way in which it is possible to have a debate, informing and questioning the subject of social practices. To this end, there is the activation of the theories of digital public space, the Esteves studies (2011), Habermas (2003) and Weber (2007), using the resolution operators proposed by Marques (2011), and the celebrity studies Rojek (2008), Street (2012), Turner (2004), France (2014) and Campanella (2012). At the end of this stage, it was observed that the celebrity assumptions directly affect the interactions between subjects and reciprocity Romario in the digital social network involved in certain specialization and rationalization of communication by individuals who wove comments, contributing to gradually the realization of a digital public space are made.Esta pesquisa científica considera uma celebridade política, o senador Romário Faria, no espaço público digital, fazendo uma análise das publicações e das interações contidas em seu perfil oficial no Facebook. Por meio da análise de conteúdo das postagens com maior interação a cada semana, somada aos trinta primeiros comentários, em um período de doze meses, busca-se entender a maneira pela qual é possível ocorrer um debate, informando e questionando os sujeitos das práticas sociais. Para tanto, há o acionamento das teorias de espaço público digital, dos estudos de Esteves (2011), Habermas (2003) e Weber (2007), utilizando os operadores de deliberação propostos por Marques (2011), e os estudos de celebridades de Rojek (2008), de Street (2012), de Turner (2004), de França (2014) e de Campanella (2012). Ao final desta etapa, observou-se que os pressupostos de celebridade incidem diretamente nas interações entre os sujeitos e a reciprocidade de Romário na rede social digital implicou em certa especialização e racionalização da comunicação por parte dos sujeitos que teciam comentários, contribuindo para que aos poucos a efetivação de um espaço público digital se concretize.
21
Modesto, Cátia Cristina. "A perspectiva territorial identificada na Política Nacional de Saúde." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5798.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-09-20T14:53:03Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
catiacristinamodesto.pdf: 1240291 bytes, checksum: d0ddf31e8bcd023f346370540b62a9d2 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-09-22T15:16:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 catiacristinamodesto.pdf: 1240291 bytes, checksum: d0ddf31e8bcd023f346370540b62a9d2 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-22T15:16:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 catiacristinamodesto.pdf: 1240291 bytes, checksum: d0ddf31e8bcd023f346370540b62a9d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-30
O presente trabalho tem por objetivo debater a apreensão territorial realizada pelo Estado na Política Nacional de Saúde. A defesa realizada neste trabalho é que o território físico e o espaço abstrato foram incorporados a Política Nacional de Saúde, e tem garantido a sobrevivência e dominação capitalista. O espaço social é entendido com base nos ensinamentos de Lefebvre, que ao assumir uma perspectiva crítica, defende o mesmo como elemento que constitui e é constituído pelas relações sociais de produção/dominação. Em contrapartida tem se o espaço abstrato, defendido e incorporado pelo capitalismo na Política Nacional de Saúde, sendo marcado pela tríade: fragmentação, homogeneização e hierarquização. O território é abordado a partir de autores críticos, que o entendem como vivido, que determina e é determinado pela ação humana. E como território físico/natural composto por um conjunto de elementos geofísicos. Esta abordagem do territorial de forma acrítica tem sido incorporada na Política Nacional de Saúde, por meio das diretrizes de descentralização e regionalização. O trabalho está divido em três capítulos que debatem: o espaço abstrato e o território físico produzido pelo modo de produção capitalista; a incorporação das diretrizes de descentralização e regionalização ao longo da história dos serviços de saúde; e o recorte territorial e seus rebatimentos na Política Nacional de Saúde, a partir da análise das legislações dos três entes federativos.
The objective of this paper is to discuss the territorial apprehension carried out by the State in the National Health Policy. The defense carried out in this work is that the physical territory and the abstract space have been incorporated into the National Health Policy and have guaranteed survival and domination capitalist. Social space is understood on the basis of the teachings of Lefebvre, who, taking a critical perspective, defend the same as an element that constitutes and is constituted by the social relations of production / domination. In contrast, the abstract space, defended and incorporated by capitalism in the National Health Policy, is marked by the triad: fragmentation, homogenization and hierarchy. The territory is approached from critical authors, who understand it as lived, that determines and is determined by human action. And as physical / natural territory composed of a set of geophysical elements. This uncritical territorial approach has been incorporated into the National Health Policy, through decentralization and regionalization guidelines. The work is divided into three chapters that debate: the abstract space and the physical territory produced by the capitalist mode of production; The incorporation of decentralization and regionalization guidelines throughout the history of health services; And the territorial cut and its refutations in the National Health Policy, based on the analysis of the legislations of the three federative entities.
22
Lilja, Ellen. "The role of nature-based solutions for ecological urban planning in the sustainable city : How is the Green Space Factor system presented in urban planning strategies?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43614.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis covers the role of the Green Space Factor (GSF) system as a nature-based solution for ecological urban planning in the sustainable city. One main focus for sustainable urban development is the aspect of constructing green spaces and green buildings in order to improve land-use efficiencies and thus minimize negative environmental impacts. Hence, in this study research is made through conducting a qualitative municipal document analysis on how the GSF system is portrayed and implemented in urban planning strategies based on the municipalities of Malmö and Gothenburg. To limit the study, two urban areas are selected for further investigation, the Western harbour in Malmö City and the Freeport in Gothenburg City. The documents included in the study are based on three categories of developing the chosen urban areas: visions, area programs and detailed plans. From the document analysis, several categories or themes were extracted consisting of future goals and vision, actors and trademarks, visionary sustainability, climate change adaptation strategies, sustainable urban development models, green infrastructure, and lastly strategies and design principles of the Western harbour and the Freeport. The results are analysed through the theory of neoliberalised urban climate change adaptation strategies and green fix as crisis management. In order to include the local context of sustainable urban development, environmental policy localization is also included in the analysis of the results. The results from the analysis of the empirical material show that the municipalities of Malmö and Gothenburg have implemented the GSF planning system into the local context of their visions, area programs and detailed plans of both the Western harbour and the Freeport. The GSF system is included in both urban planning strategies through indirect terminologies connected to general sustainable development, such as climate change adaptation, green infrastructure and design principles showcasing the desired sustainability strategies. However, the results present the risk of market-based sustainability trademarking. The study concludes on the mark that it is important for the cities to on one hand implement the GSF system into the overall policies design, and on another hand face sustainable urban development at a variety of spatial scales in order to meet the external requirements originating in the localization of environmental policies.
23
Silveira, Perolah Caratta Macedo Portella. "Comunicação, promoção da saúde e espaço social alimentar: um estudo exploratório na ECA-USP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27154/tde-12012016-095017/.
Full textAbstract:
Esta dissertação explora as interfaces e possíveis articulações entre os conceitos de Comunicação, Promoção da Saúde e Espaço Social Alimentar. Por meio de revisão bibliográfica, traça-se a história do conceito da Promoção da Saúde no mundo e no Brasil. Em seguida, debate-se o papel do profissional de Comunicação como possível agente de mobilização social, destacando-se a Comunicação Pública como conceito essencial para o desenvolvimento da cidadania. Pautando-se no pensamento da Escola de Montreal, aborda-se a Comunicação Organizacional e suas interfaces com a Comunicação Pública. Propõe-se os modelos comunicacionais de Haswani e de Jaramillo López, como alicerce teórico para ações de Comunicação Interna. A análise da Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde (PNPS) e da Política Nacional de Alimentação e Nutrição (PNAN) expõe a importância de práticas alimentares adequadas e saudáveis para a promoção da saúde. Elas são contextualizadas, em relação ao estudo exploratório realizado com os funcionários da Escola de Comunicações e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo (ECA-USP), sobre suas práticas alimentares. A metodologia de Jean Pierre Poulain, da Sociologia da Alimentação, pauta o estudo exploratório. A pesquisa pretende ser o primeiro passo para a estruturação de um banco de dados sistematizado sobre fatores condicionantes e determinantes da saúde dos funcionários desta instituição. Este banco proverá dados essenciais para a elaboração e implementação de políticas e ações que visem a Promoção da Saúde na Escola no futuro.This dissertation explores the commonalities and possible interactions between the concepts of Communication, Health Promotion and Food Social Space. The literature review retraces the historic evolution of Health Promotion as a concept worldwide and regionally in Brazil. It then correlates that field with the current state of Public Communication research in Brazil, defending the notion that Communication professionals have a role to play as health promoters. Based on the theories of the School of Montreal, this paper connects Organizational Communication and Public Communication concepts, with the goal of establishing a path for action that corroborates the defended thesis of the role of the Communication professional in Health Promotion. Lopez and Haswani\'s Public Communication models are used as the theoretical basis for action. The analysis of two public policies (on \"Health Promotion\" and \"Food and nutrition\") lays the ground for the empirical study developed with the employees of ECA-USP. Jean-Pierre Poulain\'s Sociology of Food methodology is adopted in the study of the food practices of the aforementioned public. This dissertation seeks to be a first step in structuring a database with information that can guide future organizational action and programs aimed towards the promotion of employees\' health.
24
Mattsson, Henrik. "Locating Biotech Innovation : Places, Flows and Unruly Processes." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Department of Social and Economic Geography, [Kulturgeografiska institutionen], 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7827.
Full text
25
Verano, Paulo Nascimento. "Por uma política cultural que dialogue com a cidade: o caso do encontro entre o MASP e o graffiti (2008-2011)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27151/tde-10022014-095731/.
Full textAbstract:
Em 2008 o Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP) recusou uma exposição da dupla de grafiteiros OsGemeos. Em 2011, organizou sua segunda mostra de graffiti em três anos. No mesmo ano, a Secretaria da Cultura do Governo do Estado de São Paulo criou na capital o Museu Aberto de Arte Urbana (MAAU). Em 2008, a Prefeitura de São Paulo apagara um mural de grandes proporções dos mesmos OsGemeos. Pretende-se compreender por que, no final da primeira década do século XXI, a política cultural formulada pelo MASP escolheu o graffiti como uma manifestação urbana a ser ali exibida, traçando-se um paralelo com opção similar feita pela Secretaria da Cultura em relação ao graffiti no espaço público. Está nessas ações uma tentativa de estabelecer novos modos de relacionamento com a cidade e, de algum modo, participar de sua reconfiguração? A ação permitiria estabelecer-se algum paralelo com as origens do museu concebido por Lina Bo Bardi, que nas suas primeiras décadas de criação travava forte diálogo crítico com a cidade? Considera-se a intensificação do diálogo entre os equipamentos culturais e o espaço público -- e com as manifestações artísticas e culturais no espaço público -- como potente para religar os laços entre os cidadãos e os equipamentos culturais da cidade, ao mesmo tempo em que se considera que uma maior intensificação no relacionamento entre pessoas, arte e cultura, equipamentos culturais e cidade contribui para uma ampliação dos usos da cidade e do relacionamento de seus moradores com o simbólico, entendendo-se que pelo diálogo passam obrigatoriamente as ideias de dissenso (RANCIÈRE, 2012), negociação e conflito (CANCLINI, 2004).In 2008 the São Paulo Museum of Art -- MASP (\"Museu de Arte de São Paulo\") rejected an exhibition by the graffiti artists OsGemeos. In 2011 it organized its second exhibit of graffiti in three years. In the same year the Culture Department of the Government of the State of São Paulo created the Open Museum of Urban Art -- MAAU (\"Museu Aberto de Arte Urbana\") in the City of São Paulo. In 2008 the Municipality of São Paulo had erased a very large mural by the same OsGemeos. The purpose of this work is the examine why, at the end of the first decade of the 21st century, the cultural policy established by MASP chose graffiti as one of the urban exhibits to be displayed there, compared with a similar choice made by the Department of Culture in relation to graffiti in urban spaces. Are those actions an attempt to establish new relationships with the city and somehow to participate in its reconfiguration? Would such actions establish a parallel with the origins of the museum as conceived by Lina Bo Bardi which, in the first decades of the museum\'s existence used to engage in a powerful critical dialogue with the city? The development of the dialogue between cultural facilities and public spaces -- and with the exhibits of art and culture in public spaces -- is strong enough to restore the bonds between citizens and the cultural facilities of the city. A greater intensification of the relationship among persons, art and culture, cultural facilities and the city contributes to expand the uses of the city and the relationship of its inhabitants with symbolic representations. The dialogue is necessarily crossed by the ideas of dissension (RANCIÈRE, 2012), negotiation and conflict (CANCLINI, 2004).
26
Guedes, Thalita Renata Oliveira das Neves. "Política pública de segurança no trânsito em Manaus: dos números à prevenção." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2016. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/5406.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Adriely Bruce (adriely_bruce@hotmail.com) on 2016-12-16T13:42:40Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Dissertação - Thalita R. O. N. Guedes.pdf: 7124523 bytes, checksum: dfc9e366b8f90304d2ef07741f1b4b5d (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-12-22T14:30:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Thalita R. O. N. Guedes.pdf: 7124523 bytes, checksum: dfc9e366b8f90304d2ef07741f1b4b5d (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-12-22T14:36:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Thalita R. O. N. Guedes.pdf: 7124523 bytes, checksum: dfc9e366b8f90304d2ef07741f1b4b5d (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-22T14:36:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Thalita R. O. N. Guedes.pdf: 7124523 bytes, checksum: dfc9e366b8f90304d2ef07741f1b4b5d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-15
CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Violence in traffic as one of the expressions of the social question, requires public policy strategies that prioritize road safety to life at the expense of the vehicle. Thus, this study aimed to "analyze the implementation of road safety public policy on combating violence in traffic in Manaus." And specific: 1) Categorize the "accidents" of traffic with victims occurred in Manaus in 2015, giving priority to signal their nature, the main roads where they occur and the profile of the victims; 2) Aim prevention strategies to reduce "accidents" transit with victims in Manaus; 3) Identify the vision of the management of road safety public policy about intersectoral action to prevent violence in traffic in Manaus. The exploratory research with quantitative and qualitative approaches, was based on data from the documentary research of Management Reports of locus research institutions and the application form to the nine (9) area managers Traffic, Transportation, Health and Infrastructure, and of the laws on the subject on the screen in order to contextualize the Traffic Insurance and Social Law, emphasizing the regulatory framework of the Road Safety Policy. It stands out among other results, that pedestrians and motorcyclists are in vulnerable groups in the context of Manaus transit. Moreover, it was found that the survey participants institutions recognize the need to prevent the "accidents" of traffic, highlighting interventional projects, mainly in the area of Traffic Education as Transversalizando o Trânsito and Vida no Trânsito. The vision of managers unravels the difficulties in planning and implementation of public policy measures, especially the lack of political will and financial resources for this purpose. Thus, this study presents itself as a starting point that draws the picture of violence in traffic in Manaus, giving visibility to Public Policy for Road Safety.
A violência no trânsito como uma das expressões da questão social, requer estratégias de políticas públicas de segurança viária que priorizem a vida em detrimento do veículo. Neste sentido, este estudo teve como objetivo geral “Analisar a operacionalização da política pública de segurança viária no enfrentamento à violência no trânsito em Manaus”. E os específicos: 1) Categorizar os “acidentes” de trânsito com vítimas ocorridos em Manaus no ano de 2015, priorizando assinalar sua natureza, as principais vias onde ocorrem e o perfil das vítimas; 2) Apontar as estratégias de prevenção para redução dos “acidentes” de trânsito com vítimas em Manaus; 3) Identificar a visão dos gestores da política pública de segurança viária acerca das ações intersetoriais de prevenção à violência no trânsito em Manaus. A pesquisa exploratória, com abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa, baseou-se em dados oriundos da pesquisa documental dos Relatórios de Gestão das instituições lócus de pesquisa e da aplicação de formulário à nove (9) gestores das áreas de Trânsito, Transporte, Saúde e Infraestrutura, bem como das legislações acerca do tema em tela, a fim de contextualizar o Trânsito Seguro como Direito Social, enfatizando os marcos regulatórios da Política de Segurança Viária. Destaca-se dentre outros resultados, que os pedestres e motociclistas constituem-se em grupos vulneráveis no contexto do trânsito de Manaus. Além disso, verificou-se que as instituições participantes da pesquisa reconhecem a necessidade de prevenção aos “acidentes” de trânsito, destacando projetos interventivos, principalmente, na área de Educação para o Trânsito como Transversalizando o Trânsito e Vida no Trânsito. A visão dos gestores revela as dificuldades no planejamento e execução das medidas de políticas públicas, principalmente pela falta de decisão política e recursos financeiros destinados para esse fim. Assim, esse estudo apresenta-se como um marco inicial que traça o retrato da violência no trânsito em Manaus, dando visibilidade a Política Pública de Segurança Viária.
27
Gonçalves, Jennifer Christie do Nascimento. "Maricá: dilemas e tendências de uma cidade em crescimento." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2059.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorO presente trabalho faz uma exploração dos caminhos históricos percorridos pela cidade de Maricá, de modo a entender o atual modelo de desenvolvimento em curso e a posição dos agentes nele implicados. Com essa perspectiva, primeiramente volta-se para a trajetória de Maricá para compreender a lógica de produção do espaço que a define. Nessa chave, explorando os resultados da investigação observa-se uma estreita relação entre o público-privado na administração municipal, que parece se redefinir na atualidade através das tentativas do governo local de imprimir a Maricá, um modelo de regulação do espaço influenciado, quer pelos interesses da indústria petroquímica, quer pela instauração do Projeto Fazenda São Bento da Lagoa, proposto por empreendedores internacionais, e avaliado como potenciador da vocação da cidade para o turismo; Ambos os empreendimentos funcionariam como multiplicador das ações do governo tanto no campo da qualificação da mão de obra local como no da geração de trabalho e renda. Além disso, ao se observar especificamente o caso do Projeto Fazenda São Bento da Lagoa, ali se revela uma forma de gestão ligada ao empreendedorismo urbano, que parece se impor para o governo como a única alternativa de superação dos limites históricos ao desenvolvimento da cidade. Essa aproximação é expressa no atual Plano Diretor de Maricá, onde esse modelo de desenvolvimento se justiça sob a chave do turismo, ao mesmo tempo em que faz transparecer um campo de disputa pelo espaço que também parece se definir na direção da Reforma Urbana.
This work is an exploration of the historical paths traveled by the city of Maricá in order to understand the current "development model" ongoing and the position of the agents involved in it.. With this prospect, first round itself to the path of Maricá to understand the logic of production that defines the area. In this key, exploiting the results of research there is a close relationship between the public and private sectors in the municipal administration, which seems to redefine the current attempts by the local government to implement the Maricá, a model for regulating the area affected, either by interests of the petrochemical industry, or by the introduction of the Project Finance St. Benedict's Lagoon, proposed by international entrepreneurs, and evaluated as a booster of the city's vocation for tourism.Both ventures serve as multiplier of the government's actions both in the field of qualification of the workforce in place as the generation of employment and income. Moreover, when looking specifically the case of Project Finance St. Benedict's Lagoon, there it is a form of urban management linked to entrepreneurship, which seems to impose for the government as the only alternative for overcoming the limits to the historical development of the city. That approach is expressed in the current Master Plan of Maricá, where this type of justice under development is the key to tourism, while making clear a field of competition for space that also seems to define the direction of "Urban Reform".
28
Luke, Jeremy B. "Parental use of Geographical Aspects of Charter Schools as Heuristic Devices in the School Choice Process." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366364829.
Full text
29
Soares, Maria Dalva Oliveira. "As contradições do turismo no espaço rural : vida, trabalho, renda e exclusão." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257069.
Full textAbstract:
Orientadores: Maria Angela Fagnani, Sonia Maria Pessoa Pereira BergamascoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T09:55:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Soares_MariaDalvaOliveira_D.pdf: 37962678 bytes, checksum: 430b064f7f2890ea7bb4879b6d25733c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: o turismo no espaço rural, especialmente o agroturismo, intensifica-se no período da sociedade denominada pós-moderna. Pois, se durante o período da Revolução Industrial houve certo domínio das cidades sobre as atividades rurais, numa sociedade caracterizada como pós-industrial ou pós-moderna, parece haver uma revalorização do campo em função de seu espaço estar mais próximo da natureza, ou melhor, as transformações que aconteceram no seu território foram menores, pelo menos aparentemente, comparando-se àquelas que ocorreram nos espaços urbanos. As diversas modalidades do Turismo no espaço rural são encontradas pelos agricultores como complementação de renda em função das mudanças que ocorreram neste território. Diante da importância atribuída ao agroturismo, a primeira hipótese elaborada baseou-se em que o agroturismo contribui para aumentar a renda, gerar emprego, criar condições para fixar a população no campo, valorizar sua cultura e desenvolver práticas voltadas à apreciação da paisagem e à preservação ambiental. Desta maneira, o agroturismo aparece como uma alternativa para os agricultores familiares. A partir de observações iniciais, tanto em Cunha, como em Santo Antonio do Pinhal, elaborou-se outra hipótese na qual no espaço rural, se, de um lado o turismo é uma alternativa para os agricultores familiares, por outro lado está deslocando a população do campo por conta da valorização das terras, que essa atividade proporciona. Pela falta de alternativas para permanecer no campo, o agricultor vende sua.propriedade, muda-se para a cidade ou volta como empregado para trabalhar na sua antiga unidade de produção. E quem desenvolve o turismo são os neo-rurais, ex-citadinos que vêm fixando residência no campo. Objetivou-se neste trabalho analisar o desenvolvimento da atividade turística no espaço rural, em alguns municípios do estado de São Paulo, buscando entender de que maneira ele pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento local e qual é o papel das políticas públicas para sua concretização. Foram escolhidos os municípios de Cunha, Santo Antonio do Pinhal e Louveira com base no critério de possuir atividades turísticas no espaço rural e de ter presença significativa de agricultores familiares. Na verdade, a busca neste trabalho pela condição e valorização do turismo no espaço rural enquanto um fator de fixação do homem no campo através do aumento de renda e emprego, não se concretizou, com exceção do que se pôde analisar em Louveira. Ao invés disso, o que se detectou foi o fato de agricultores tradicionais darem lugar a atividades turísticas na forma de pousadas no espaço rural, desenvolvidas por uma população originária de outros centros urbanos que buscam atividades alternativas e o sossego do campo. Trata-se de wna nova categoria denominada de neo-rurais, a exemplo do que vem ocorrendo em países da Europa Ocidental
Abstract: The tourism in rural areas, specially the agro-tourism, intensifies in the society period called postmodem. Because, if during the Industrial Revolution there was kind of a domination from the cities on the rural activities, in a society characterized as postindustrial or postmodem, it seems to have a new appreciation on the countryside in function of its space be near to the nature, or in other way, the transformations that happened in its territory were smaller, at least apparently, comparing to the ones that happened on the urban spaces. The different modalities of the Tourism on the rural space are found by the agricultures as an income complementation in function from the changes that happened on this territory. In front ofthe importance attributed to the agro-tourism, the first hypotheses elaborated was based in that the agro-tourism contributes to improve the income, generates employment, create conditions to fix the rural population, values their culture and develop practices towards to the landscape appreciation and to the environment preservation. In this way, the agro-tourism appears as an altemative to the familiar farming. From this initial observations, as in Cunha, as in Santo Antonio do Pinhal, it was elaborated a hypotheses where the rural space, if, in one hand the tourism is an altemative to the familiar faming, in other hand is dislocating the countryside population because of the land valorization, that this activity provides. For the lack of altematives to stay in the countryside, the agriculturist sells his property, moves to the city or goes back working as an employee in his fotmer production unity. And who develops the tourism are the neo-rural, former city dwellers that come fixing residence in the countryside. It was aimed in the research analyzing the development from the touristy activities on the rural areas, in some cities from São Paulo State, seeking to understand in which way it can contribute to the local development and what is the role from the public policies the accomplishment. It was chosen the cities of Cunha, Santo Antonio do Pinhal and Louveira based on the criteria of possessing touristy activities in the rural space and the significant presence from the familiar farming. Actually, this research seek the tourism conditions and value on the rural space as a factor of man fixation on the countryside through the income and employment increasement, it didn't accomplish, with the exception on what was analyzed in Louveira. Instead of this, what was detected was the fact to the traditional framings giving space to the touristy activities in the way of small hostels on the rural space, developed by a population originated from other urban centers that searched for altematives activities and the peace from the countryside. It treats from a new category denominated by neo-rural, as example from what has happening on the Occidental Europe countries
Doutorado
Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola
30
Pires, Flavia Cristina de Paula Gomes. "As faces da produção do espaço urbano na cidade de São Paulo e no Conjunto Habitacional José Bonifácio." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17576.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Flavia Cristina de Paula Gomes Pires.pdf: 4691294 bytes, checksum: 2b6906e491a8b12281af204ca060fa21 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2012-05-25Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The object of this dissertation was the production of urban space by a public service provider, with emphasis on implementation by COHAB/SP, of housing developments during the period 1960 to 1980. The case of José Bonifácio Housing was used as the empirical field. The investigation focused on the elements that, by the involvement or non-involvement of the State, contributed to the design of urban space production in São Paulo; and how the housing built by the Metropolitan Housing Company of São Paulo (COHAB/SP) influenced this production. The methodology included both the literature and field research, through interviews. To understand the object of analysis several factors were considered: the theoretical framework on the production of space, the national and municipal housing policies, and the housing provision through COHAB/SP. The research showed that the production of urban space in José Bonifácio Housing, sponsored by the State, had the same low quality in providing services and urban infrastructure equipment as that of clandestine/irregular allotments. The research also verified that the three types of finished public housing the apartment or house, the house built in a system of mutual help and the self-constructed home in an "invaded" area were responsible for the configuration of the landscape and the transfer of stigma among the residents. As a challenge, the study points out the need for a new configuration of urban space; the equating of the illegal and legal mechanisms for the provision of housing; the heterogeneity of the territories of the city; the need of analyzes that address the specifics in the settlements; and the new production parameters of urban space
A presente dissertação tem como objeto de estudo a produção do espaço urbano por meio do provimento público, com ênfase na implantação, pela COHAB/SP, de conjuntos habitacionais, durante as décadas de 1960 a 1980, tomando como campo empírico o caso do Conjunto Habitacional José Bonifácio. A investigação centra-se nos elementos que, por meio da presença ou ausência do Estado, contribuem para o desenho da produção do espaço urbano na cidade de São Paulo, procurando verificar de que forma os conjuntos habitacionais construídos pela Companhia Metropolitana de Habitação de São Paulo - COHAB/SP influenciaram nessa produção. A metodologia abrange pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo por meio de entrevistas. Para compreensão do objeto de estudo, utilizamos referencial teórico sobre a produção do espaço, a política habitacional nacional e municipal e o provimento habitacional por intermédio da COHAB/SP. A pesquisa evidencia que a produção do espaço urbano no Conjunto Habitacional José Bonifácio, promovida pelo Estado, possuía a mesma baixa qualidade na oferta de serviços e equipamentos de infraestrutura urbana que os loteamentos clandestinos/irregulares, bem como que as três tipologias implantadas no conjunto habitacional unidade habitacional acabada (apartamento ou casa), casa construída em regime de mutirão e casa autoconstruída em área invadida foram responsáveis pela configuração da paisagem e pela transferência de estigmas entre os moradores. Como desafios a pesquisa aponta a necessidade de nova configuração do espaço urbano, a heterogeneidade dos territórios da cidade, o equacionamento dos mecanismos legais e ilegais para o provimento habitacional e a necessidade de análises que contemplem as especificidades nos assentamentos e os novos parâmetros de produção do espaço urbano
31
Fraisse, Laurent. "Un parcours de recherche au coeur de la construction de l’économie sociale et solidaire : innovation, institutionnalisation et comparaison." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1265.
Full textAbstract:
Ce doctorat en sociologie revient sur un parcours de vingt années de recherche. La première partie le décrit sous les trois angles : biographique, méthodologique et bibliographique. La seconde partie de la thèse présente un panorama des travaux de recherche (articles, chapitres, rapports) regroupés selon trois thématiques. La premier thème porte sur la dimension sociopolitique de l’économie solidaire et revient sur la définition de notions clés (initiatives locales, espaces publics de proximité, organisation en réseau, changement social) qui précisent son répertoire d’action politique. L’économie sociale et solidaire comme domaine spécifique de politiques publiques est ensuite étudiée aux échelles locale et européenne. Le deuxième thématique revient sur les recompositions de l’action associative. Les transformations des modes de contractualisation et de financement (subvention et commande publique) entre associations et pouvoirs publics ont fait l’objet d’études qualitatives et quantitatives. Les ambivalences conceptuelles des notions d’utilité sociale et d’innovation sociale sont mises en perspective historique. Mobilisées à l’origine par les acteurs associatifs pour faire valoir la singularité de leurs contributions, elles ont été progressivement utilisées pour légitimer l’élargissement du périmètre de l’ESS en France, notamment aux entreprises commerciales à finalité sociale. La dernière thématique porte sur l’accueil des jeunes enfants et l’aide aux personnes âgées en France et en Europe. Le passage de l’aide à domicile aux services à la personne est analysé comme un enchevêtrement de régulations qui rend problématique la construction d’un quasi-marché et interroge la place et les stratégies des associations comme acteurs historiques du secteur. La comparaison, à l’échelle européenne, des systèmes locaux d’accueil des jeunes enfants apporte un éclairage complémentaire aux typologies des régimes de care élaborées à l'échelle des ÉtatsThis PhD in sociology through looks back onto a twenty-year professional research career. The first part describes my research journey, from three different angles : biographical, methodological, bibliographical. The second part of the thesis gives an overview of my research work (articles, chapters, studies) put into perspective with regard to the state of current knowledge. The first topic concerns the socio-political dimension of solidarity economy through an in-depth discussion of several concepts (local initiatives, local public spheres, the network organization of non-profit sector, conceptions of social change). In addition, social and solidarity economy as a specific object within public policies is studied at local and European levels. The second topic explores the transformations of the role of non-profit organizations in society. The current changes of contractualization and financing methods between associations and governments (public procurement and subsidies) have been the subject of qualitative and quantitative studies. The conceptual ambivalences of the notions of social utility and social innovation are highlighted. Historically claimed by non-profit representatives to emphasize the specificities of their economic activities, social utility has gradually become a criterion for extending the scope of social and solidarity economy in France. The last topic concerns early-years childcare and elderly care policies. The transition from home care for dependent elderly person to personal services is analyzed as a tangle of regulations that makes it problematic to build a quasi-market and questions the place and strategies of non-profit organizations as historical actors in the sector. The comparison, on a European scale, of local childcare systems provides additional insight into the typologies of care systems elaborated at a national level
32
Del, Duca Livia. "Residual People, Residual Spaces : Framing Roma (Social) Housing Exclusion in Light of the Housing Regime." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43637.
Full textAbstract:
Italy is the only country in Europe that has institutionalized a completely parallel and segregating housing system - the camp system for Roma people. These camps were created purely based on an elusive nomadic character innate to the population. Over the decades, with further migratory flows of Roma people reaching the country, conditions have only worsened, developing a system so much tethered to the Italian society that the country has even been renamed ‘Campland’. Over time, this same exclusion has been problematized, resulting in the criminalisation of Roma people, at the same time bringing to light the exceptionality of their living conditions. The first part of this study is devoted to understanding the process of discursive legitimization of said exclusion. The approach, inspired by a Foucaldian understanding, involved also grasping the dialectical relationship between discourse and social structures (Fairclough, 1992) - in this sense, it entailed situating it outside its boundaries of exceptionality and inside the broader context of wider housing exclusion affecting Italy. The aim of this thesis was thus to reconstruct both the specific condition of Roma exclusion, and the structural inequalities innate to the Italian housing regime which enabled its development. The concept of social exclusion (Levitas et al, 2007) is implemented in the study first as a way to understand the overall condition faced by Roma people, and as a way to bring forward reflections on the role of housing as one of its fundamental dimensions. The study illustrates how the implementation of the camps and its relative discourse were enabled by the constant retreat of the State from the provision of housing, and how the current institutional incapacity to solve the Roma Question is directly connected to the inability to answer the housing needs of wider segments of the population. The only proposed institutional responses, in both cases, are only ‘filler’ solutions embedded in ideas of temporality, thus failing to address the underlying problem: the structural shortage of public housing.
33
Webb, Jennifer Necole. "Engaging-Up: Compromised Spaces and Potential Partners." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5607.
Full textAbstract:
The anthropology of public policy critically examines policy and its processes and the myriad ways in which power is exercised. To explore these power dynamics, anthropologists studying policy often study up, or study through a particular policy field. This entails the risky work of studying powerful people, whose ability to retaliate against the researcher and others create methodological and ethical dilemmas and contradictions, as well as potentially harmful consequences. Politicians, bureaucrats, employees of powerful non-profits, and, in the public-private neoliberal reality, even the head decision makers within corporations are all prospective research participants--an intimidating prospect for most anthropologists. In contrast, engaged ethnography, with its presupposition that researchers will be aligned with politically marginalized groups, encourages the researcher to engage on a more transparent, reflexive, and expressly positioned level that attempts to make the researcher more exposed, thus equalizing the power differentials between the researcher and the researched.
The inherent contradictions between engaged ethnography and studying up create a situation ripe for methodological and ethical dilemmas, but also for breaking new theoretical ground. This paper will critically examine my experiences with a dominant community development corporation involved in housing and urban development. As such, the purpose of this thesis is twofold. First, I aim to explore the theoretical contradictions, ethical dilemmas, and methodological quandaries that arise from pairing engaged anthropology with the studying up required by the anthropology of public policy. The aim of this query is to show how the difficulties that arose during my thesis research project expose gaps within each body of literature. Second, I hope to present engaging-up as a promising (not just problematic) method that can be employed to better understand a myriad of topical interests of anthropology. Because of its promise, it is important to document this failed attempt so that others may be better prepared. As such, my hope is that my consideration of the contradictions that were unable to be overcome will be described with enough ethnographic clarity and framed in broad enough methodological terms as to be helpful to other engaged ethnographers.
34
Bekenstein, Jenny. "Campaigning on an Environmental Justice Platform: Irmalinda Osuna for Upland City Council, District 3." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/97.
Full textAbstract:
After successfully organizing around preserving Cabrillo Park in Upland and feeling a lack of local political representation, Irmalinda Osuna ran for Upland City Council in the 2018 midterm elections. As one of the many female candidates in the 2018 elections, Irmalinda led a grassroots, community-led political campaign in which she advocated for environmental justice and the preservation of parks, a more inclusive community, increased civic participation, a more efficient use of technology in politics, and support for small businesses.
35
Baggioni, Vincent. "Tensions sur l'espace villageois contemporain : les mécanismes de prévention des conflits liés à l'implantation des parcs solaires en région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0275/document.
Full textAbstract:
Alors que la région Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (PACA) a connu des oppositions fortes à l’implantation de grandes infrastructures dans des espaces naturels au début des années 1990, le développement de parcs solaires depuis le milieu des années 2000 n’a pas suscité beaucoup de réactions conflictuelles. Pour expliquer ce contraste, l’auteur dresse un inventaire des projets et des acteurs impliqués dans la filière photovoltaïque, puis documente les processus d’élaboration de six projets particuliers en étant attentif à comment l’histoire politique de la commune, les transformations du peuplement et les expériences récentes d’aménagement du territoire viennent à être prises en compte par les acteurs impliqués dans la promotion des parcs solaires. L’analyse de ces matériaux met au jour un entrelacement de phénomènes localisés de réduction du risque conflictuel qui tiennent d’abord à la manière dont s’invente la déclinaison locale d’une politique publique nationale d’encadrement de ce secteur et aux phénomènes d’apprentissage qu’elle impose aux acteurs des entreprises solaires et des collectivités locales en quête de cadre réglementaire attractif et stable. Le fort développement des parcs solaires en PACA et la faible conflictualité qui l’accompagne expriment ainsi la façon par laquelle une injonction au développement durable vient à s’actualiser dans des territoires à faible densité de population : comme un compromis social conciliant le souci de patrimonialiser les espaces et le besoin d’équipements associés à l’expérience urbaine d’une partie de cette populationWhile the Provence region experienced strong opposition to the installation of large infrastructures in natural areas in the early 1990s, the development of solar plants in the mid-2000s not aroused many conflicting reactions. To explain this contrast, the author draws up an inventory of the projects and actors involved in the photovoltaic sector. Then, he documents the processes of elaboration of six particular projects, looking at the political history of the commune, the transformations of the population and the recent experiences of spatial planning are taken into account by the actors involved in the promotion of solar plants. The analysis of these materials reveals an intertwining of local phenomena of reduction conflicting risks. In first, these are the result of the local invention of the application of a national public policy of supervision of this sector and learning that is required of the actors of solar companies and local authorities in search of an attractive and stable regulatory framework. Secondly, these phenomena refer to the discussion spaces that are activated at the municipal level to adjust projects to representations of populations, whether in the office of the mayor, before the municipal council or at a public meeting. The strong development of solar plants in Provence and the low level of conflictuality observed thus express the way in which the injunction to sustainable development is actualized in territories with a low population density: as a social compromise conciliating space heritage and need for equipment due to the urban experience of part of this population
36
Elliot-Cooper, Adam. "The struggle that has no name : race, space and policing in post-Duggan Britain." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7efad2ea-75e2-4a54-a479-b3b2b265e827.
Full textAbstract:
State violence, and policing in particular, continue to shape the black British experience, racialising geographical areas associated with African and African-Caribbean communities. The history of black struggles in the UK has often centred on spaces of racial violence and resistance to it. But black-led social movements of previous decades have, for the most part, seen a decline in both political mobilisations, and the militant anti-racist slogans and discourses that accompanied them. Neoliberalism, through securitisation, resource reallocation, privatisation of space and the de-racialising of language, has made radical black activism an increasingly difficult endeavour. But this does not mean that black struggle against policing has disappeared. What it does mean, however, is that there have been significant changes in how anti-racist activism against policing is articulated and carried out. Three high-profile black deaths at the hands of police in 2011 led to widespread protest and civil unrest. These movements of resistance were strengthened when the Black Lives Matter movement in the United States mobilised hundreds of young people in solidarity actions in England. In this thesis, I argue that, over time, racist metonyms used to describe places racialised as black (Handsworth, Brixton etc.) and people racialised as black (Stephen Lawrence, Mark Duggan etc.), have led to the rise of metonymic anti-racism. While metonymic anti-racism was used alongside more overt anti-racist language in the period between the 1950s and early 1990s, I argue that such overt anti-racist language is becoming rarer in the post-2011 period, particularly in radical black grassroots organisations that address policing. Intersecting with metonymic anti-racism are gender dynamics brought to the surface by female-led campaigns against police violence, and forms of resistance which target spaces of post-industrial consumer capitalism. Understanding how police racism, and resistance to it, are being reconceptualised through language, and reconfigured through different forms of activism, provides a fresh understanding of grassroots black struggle in Britain.
37
Reis, Rossana dos. "Fórum de Saúde Mental no Estado do Espírito Santo : a configuração de um espaço público." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2009. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6515.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:36:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Rossana Reis.pdf: 2453531 bytes, checksum: 073553410e861c8a38e91c175293f71b (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2009-06-29O objetivo deste estudo é identificar como o projeto democrático participativo e o projeto neoliberal atravessam a dinâmica de funcionamento do Fórum de Saúde Mental do Espírito Santo (FSMES) desde seu surgimento em 1999 até 2008/1. O problema de pesquisa é a identificação da tensão entre os dois projetos políticos antagônicos presentes na política de saúde mental brasileira (projeto da reforma psiquiátrica versus projeto privatista, de exclusão dos sujeitos com transtorno mental) tendo como lócus o espaço do FSMES. Foi feita pesquisa documental em sete relatórios de gestão (do período de 2000 a 2007) e em três planos de ação (de 2000-2003; 2004-2007; 2008-2011) da coordenação estadual de saúde mental da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde (SESA), em dez listas de presença dos encontros do FSMES do período de 2005 a 2008, e em um documento do ano de 1995 que versa sobre a proposta de reorientação do modelo de atenção no Estado, naquele ano. Foram realizadas cinco entrevistas semi-estruturadas com atores participantes do FSMES ou informantes-chave sobre esse espaço. E também foi realizada observação sistemática nos encontros do FSMES (no período de 2007 a 2008). O discurso dos entrevistados e o discurso impresso nos documentos indicam uma orientação política-ideológica do FSMES voltada ao processo de reforma psiquiátrica. O FSMES é considerado por seus atores um espaço privilegiado para a saúde mental. O projeto político defendido é o da reforma psiquiátrica. Profissionais e/ou gestores das esferas estadual e municipal são segmentos que continuamente fazem parte desse espaço, enquanto a participação de usuários e da sociedade civil organizada se dá de forma pontual e tímida. No período em análise, os atores atuantes nesse espaço expressaram uma direção de contribuição do espaço do FSMES para o processo de reforma psiquiátrica no Estado. Os entrevistados da pesquisa apontaram avanços na trajetória de existência desse espaço, como: quantidade de pessoas que consegue reunir e temáticas para discussão, relacionando a saúde mental e a saúde de modo geral. Verificam-se também entraves, como: tendência de declínio de realização dos encontros (o que demonstra uma periodicidade instável) e dificuldade em assegurar a participação contínua de usuários. A análise mostra que o FSMES foi construído em uma direção contrahegemônica, defendendo o projeto da reforma psiquiátrica, e está impulsionado a contribuir para o processo de implementação do novo modelo de atenção em saúde mental. Como esse processo não é linear, enfrenta dificuldades que devem ser contextualizadas na conjuntura sócio-política de hegemonia das políticas neoliberais que incentivam a despolitização da sociedade e expressivos investimentos no setor privado.
This study aims at identifying how the democratic-participative and the neoliberal projects have gone through the operating dynamics of the Mental Health Forum of Espírito Santo (FSMES) from its beginning in 1999 to 2008/1. The research problem is to identify the tension between these two main antagonistic political projects present in the Brazilian mental health policies (the psychiatric reform project versus the privatist project excluding subjects with mental disorders) taking place at the FSMES. Documental research was carried out based on seven management reports (from 2000 to 2007); on three action plans (from 2000 to 2003; 2004 to 2007; 2008 to 2011) of the state mental health coordination of SESA State Department of Health; on ten attendance lists of the FSMES meetings between 2005 and 2008; and on a 1995 document about the proposal of reorienting the care model in the state that year. Five semi-structured interviews were carried out with participant actors of the FSMES or key-respondents of this space. Systematic observation of the FSMES meetings (between 2007 and 2008) was also performed. The respondents discourse and the discourse printed on the documents indicate a political and ideological bias of the FSMES towards the psychiatric reform process. FSMES is considered a privileged mental health space by its actors. The political project defended is psychiatric reform. The professionals and/or managers of the state and municipal spheres are segments that continually take part in this space, whereas users and organized civil society s participation is limited and shy. In this period under analysis, the actors in this space made contributions in the FSMES space towards the psychiatric reform process in the state. The respondents in this study reported advances in the history of this space such as: number of people it can gather and discussion topics relating mental health to health care in general. Some obstacles were also identified, such as: tendency to decrease the number of meetings (which shows an instable periodicity) and difficulty to ensure the continuous participation of users. The analysis shows that the FSMES has been built in a counter-hegemonic direction, defending the psychiatric reform project. Also, it is being led to contribute to the process of implementing a new mental health care model. Since this process is not linear, it faces difficulties that should be contextualized in the social-political setting of hegemonic neoliberal policies that encourage both the depoliticization of society and significant investments in the private sector.
38
Rocha, Enid 1961. "Projetos políticos e arranjos participativos nacionais : os significados e o desdobramentos nos conselhos nacionais." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281031.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Valeriano Mendes Ferreira CostaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T15:14:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rocha_Enid_D.pdf: 2384875 bytes, checksum: 864a778f216fd8554b89d7b6dbb0d232 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: Esta tese analisa os arranjos participativos nacionais, com o objetivo de compreender suas diferentes capacidades de influenciar os atores governamentais no ciclo de elaboração de políticas públicas. Considera-se que as políticas públicas condicionam o funcionamento e a atuação dos Conselhos Nacionais. Desta forma, as políticas públicas, ao trazerem, na forma de legados de sua trajetória passada, traços distintivos de diferentes projetos políticos, influenciam diferentemente os resultados dos arranjos participativos. O estudo dos espaços participativos é realizado a partir da noção de projetos políticos que marcam e orientam a direção dos atores políticos e das políticas públicas. O referencial empírico é o estudo do Conselho Nacional de Saúde e o Conselho Nacional dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente que, criados e fortalecidos no âmbito das forças que apoiam o projeto democrático participativo, adquiriram desenhos e formas de funcionamentos distintos, que lhes fornecem diferentes capacidades de alcançarem seus objetivos. Por esse caminho, a presente pesquisa traz alguns elementos que nos ajudam a compreender as razões das dificuldades de se encontrar na administração pública federal, no contexto presente de disputa de projetos políticos antagônicos, espaços participativos efetivamente públicos
Abstract: Oriented to analyze Brazilian democracy, this thesis argues that specific characteristics of different national institutions have a significant impact on citizens' political participation. Different political arrangements are compared with the aim of understanding their contrasting abilities to influence governmental practices, thereby assessing their contribution to the realization of rights addressed by specific governmental policies. In Brazilian democracy, national councils have been created to convene social actors interested in specific sectorial policies. The institutional design of these councils is conditioned by governmental programs, with impacts on their performance and functioning. Notwithstanding, each public policy and program has varied characteristics, due to differences in the political projects that originated them. There is, therefore, a clear chain of influence from political projects to institutional designs of national institutions. With a view to analyze the impact of these differences on political participation, this thesis evaluates and compares two different national councils as empirical case-studies: the National Health Council and the National Council for the Rights of Children and Adolescents. Both institutions have been envisioned by political forces that have pledged support for democratic participation. However, due to historic specificities, the analyzed institutions currently have different institutional designs, which provide them with different capabilities to achieve goals. The results of this research bring about analytical elements that help understand the reasons for the difficulties of finding participation institutions that are effectively public in the Brazilian democratic tradition
Doutorado
Ciencias Sociais
Doutora em Ciências Sociais
39
Costa, Olivia Salgado. "Associação de moradores em debate no municipio de Campinas." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279482.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Valeriano Mendes Ferreira CostaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T12:49:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Costa_OliviaSalgado_M.pdf: 465115 bytes, checksum: 8cccb29e56cc145975197f515a25d027 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Mestrado
Trabalho, Movimentos Sociais, Cultura e Politica
Mestre em Ciência Política
40
Caslin-Bell, Samantha. "The 'gateway to adventure' : women, urban space and moral purity in Liverpool, c.1908-c.1957." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-gateway-to-adventure-women-urban-space-and-moral-purity-inliverpool-c-1908c-1957(a6fec103-a511-48ff-ac5c-e3c0e5a9b5ca).html.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the regulation of women in public space in Liverpool between 1908 and 1957. It considers the complex relationship between the laws used to police solicitation, governmental debate about female prostitution and local purity campaigners’ concerns with the moral vulnerability of young, working-class, urban women. It is argued that the ways in which prostitution was understood and managed had an impact upon all women’s access to and use of public space, together with wider definitions of female morality and immorality. The thesis adds to historical understandings about the implications of prostitution regulation in the twentieth century, by moving away from London-focused histories to offer a detailed analysis of the ways in which national debates about vice were taken up at local level and with what consequences. I begin by exploring the problems with policing prostitution in the early-twentieth century and argue that increasing concern about the difficulty in differentiating prostitutes from ‘ordinary’ women provoked anxiety amongst law makers and government officials alike. It is argued that the debates canvassed by the 1927 Macmillan Committee indicate the degree to which moral codes about female sexuality informed official approaches to prostitution. The thesis considers the implications of these broad debates in Liverpool. Focusing on the work of the Liverpool Vigilance Association (LVA), it is proposed that fears about the moral threat of prostitution fuelled the organisation’s belief in the necessity of preventative patrol work centred on the moral surveillance of young, working-class women. This thesis shows that in interwar Liverpool, women’s movements were circumscribed first and foremost by their gender. Traditional, nineteenth-century ideas about women’s place within the domestic sphere created a sense among local purity campaigners that female morality was being threatened by women’s visibility in urban spaces. Other aspects of social status, such as class, race and employment experiences, heightened the interest of the LVA in targeting distinctive groups of women. The thesis demonstrates that in their efforts to regulate women’s movements through the city of Liverpool, local purists singled-out working-class and immigrant (especially Irish) women, as they believed them to be the most susceptible to corruption. This thesis draws on a wide range of archival sources, especially Home Office Records relating to the Public Places (Order) Bill and the establishment of the 1927 Macmillan Committee, as well as the LVA archive, in order to show how national and local policies on prostitution were both interdependent and distinct.
41
Gomes, Bruno Silva de Moraes. "Espaços urbanos saudáveis do Brasil e seus determinantes." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/896.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-02-29T19:08:35Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
brunosilvademoraesgomes.pdf: 5234078 bytes, checksum: f758f73d8d6457d6c218f4ce13347261 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-03-03T14:34:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 brunosilvademoraesgomes.pdf: 5234078 bytes, checksum: f758f73d8d6457d6c218f4ce13347261 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-03T14:34:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 brunosilvademoraesgomes.pdf: 5234078 bytes, checksum: f758f73d8d6457d6c218f4ce13347261 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-08
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O Projeto Município Saudável objetiva agregar esforços multidirecionais em prol de melhorias na qualidade de vida nas areas urbanas com enfoque na saúde pública. Entende-se por saúde um estado de completo bem estar físico, mental e social e não meramente a ausência de doença e enfermidade. Neste contexto, o trabalho vem suprir a lacuna sobre trabalhos com aplicação quantitativa acerca do tema Espaço Urbano Saudável. O trabalho objetiva primeiramente identificar e mapear os espaços urbanos saudáveis no Brasil, verificando a existência de clusters espaciais no indicador de saúde urbana e nos Determinantes Sociais da Saúde (DSS) e as mudanças nestes ao longo do tempo. Além disso, identificar quais os determinantes sociais da saúde são capazes de influenciar o indicador de saúde urbana. Para a consecução desses objetivos utiliza-se a análise da base de dados por quartis, com comparações e teste t de médias além da Analise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais (AEDE). Considera-se saudável o espaço urbano que possuir o indicador de saúde urbana no primeiro quarto da distribuição em dois anos consecutivos, sendo obrigatoriamente um deles 2010 (possíveis espaços urbanos saudáveis), além disso, tem que possuir no mínimo quatro dos DSS em melhores condições que a média dos possíveis espaços urbanos saudáveis. Como resultados destacam-se: i) a crescente aleatoriedade dos espaços urbanos saudáveis, face as políticas públicas no Brasil serem cada vez mais de cunho local; ii) dos 1224 espaços urbanos analisados 149 podem ser classificados como possivelmente saudáveis; desses, 55 são considerados saudáveis; iii) os espaços urbanos saudáveis estão concentrados nas Regiões Sul e Sudeste; iv) os Estados do Acre, Roraima, Rondônia, Tocantins e Mato Grosso não possuem nenhum candidato a espaço urbano saudável; v) as políticas que visam melhorar a qualidade de vida nos espaços urbanos devem ser integradas, bem como principalmente direcionadas para os espaços urbanos das Regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro Oeste a fim de corrigir as disparidades locais.
The Healthy City Project aims multidirectional joint efforts towards improving the quality of life in urban areas with a focus on public health. This dissertation considers health as a state of complete well-being, physical, mental and social, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity. The present study contributes to the literature at least in three directions. First, Brazilian database provide an opportunity to exploit spatial heterogeneity, identifying spatial clusters in urban health indicator and Social Determinants of Health (SDH). Secondly, it is also possible to analyze changes in urban health conditions over time. Finally, the exercise proposed here also points out which of the social determinants of health are able to influence the urban health indicator. It is worth mentioned that the empirical approach adopted in this study is based on a Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) jointed with quantile comparisons. In this sense, to be considered as a healthy urban space, a spatial unit must possess the indicator of urban health in the first quartile in two consecutive years, one of them being compulsorily 2010 (possible healthy urban spaces), moreover, must have at least four of the DSS in better condition than possible average healthy urban spaces. The results are: i) the increasing randomness of healthy urban spaces, face public policies in Brazil are increasingly imprint location, ii) of the 1224 analyzed 149 urban spaces can be classified as possibly healthy; these, 55 are considered healthy iii) healthy urban spaces are concentrated in the South and Southeast, iv) the states of Acre, Roraima, Rondônia, Tocantins and Mato Grosso have no candidate to healthy urban space, v) policies to improve the quality of living in urban areas must be integrated and targeted mainly for the urban spaces of the North, Northeast and Midwest to correct local disparities.
42
Cooney, Lucretia. "BULLYING: OUT OF THE SCHOOL HALLS AND INTO THE WORKPLACE." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2676.
Full textAbstract:
The primary purpose of this study is to identify those people at most risk of being bullied at work. While much research is being conducted on school bullying, little has been conducted on workplace bullying. Using data gathered from a 2004 study conducted by the National Opinion Research Center for the General Social Survey, which included a Quality of Work Life (QWL) module for the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), linear regressions indicated significant findings. As predicted, workers in lower level occupations, as ranked by prestige scoring developed at National Opinion Research, are more likely to be victimized. Data also suggest that being young, Black, and relatively uneducated may contribute to being bullied in certain situations. Future research is needed to examine influences of socio-economic, legal, and other demographic factors that may predict the chance of being bullied.M.A.
Department of Sociology
Sciences
Applied Sociology MA
43
Muniagurria, Lorena Avellar de. "As políticas da cultura: uma etnografia de trânsitos, encontros e militância na construção de uma política nacional de cultura." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8134/tde-07042017-135229/.
Full textAbstract:
O principal objetivo desta tese é discutir os modos de fazer cultura e política no contexto da construção de uma política nacional de cultura, promovida ao longo dos governos Lula (2003-2010) e Dilma (2011-2016). Com foco na atuação da chamada sociedade civil, e tendo por base uma etnografia que partiu de instâncias de participação vinculadas ao Ministério da Cultura (quais sejam: o Conselho Nacional de Políticas Culturais, seus colegiados setoriais e as conferências de cultura), a pesquisa mostra como a construção dessa política apenas foi possível graças à atuação dos representantes da sociedade civil, que constituíram um dos principais agentes a demandar e, assim, a disseminar a proposta inicialmente elaborada pelo MinC. Os fóruns participativos não foram tomados como totalidades a serem esquadrinhadas, mas como centros de gravitação a partir dos quais acompanhar os trânsitos de alguns representantes. Sendo nacionais, esses espaços congregavam sujeitos de diferentes estados, das cinco regiões brasileiras. O trabalho de campo correspondeu, então, a uma etnografia multi-situada, que seguiu o deslocamento de pessoas que viajavam para atender reuniões que ocorriam em cidades diversas, cruzando fronteiras entre as esferas da federação, e entre espaços associados ora ao Estado, ora à cultura. Tendo por inspiração trabalhos atentos às pragmáticas sociais, e associando referências de dois campos distintos da antropologia (de um lado, reflexões sobre política, Estado e políticas públicas, provenientes da antropologia da política; de outro, sobre a eficácia de aspectos formais ou estéticos, contribuição de uma antropologia da arte e de uma recente antropologia da burocracia), a presente tese analisa um conjunto extenso e variado de materiais. Foram considerados: o trânsito de pessoas; a circulação de ideias e modelos relativos à cultura e à política, corporificados em atas, relatórios, leis, organogramas e outros documentos; as metodologias e os procedimentos organizacionais utilizados para estruturar uma conferência ou para realizar uma votação; um conjunto de práticas e elementos oriundos dos universos culturais representados, que se fizeram presentes nos espaços participativos institucionalizados e que eram percebidos como uma maneira própria da cultura fazer política. Este trabalho revela, assim, a diversidade de práticas que constituem as experiências de democracia participativa na cultura, e mostra como a proliferação de espaços participativos resultou na criação de instâncias e agentes de difusão de entendimentos e modelos particulares de política cultural e de gestão pública. A tese permitiu ainda elaborar analiticamente o aparente paradoxo colocado pela existência concomitante de intensos fluxos (que cruzam, a todo momento, fronteiras) e de imagens totalizantes do que seja o Estado, a sociedade civil e a cultura brasileira, mostrando como é justamente através dos trânsitos que sujeitos, coletivos e categorias das políticas culturais se constituem relacional e simultaneamente.The main objective of this dissertation is to discuss the ways of doing \"culture\" and \"politic\" related to the creation of a national cultural policy, that has had place during Lula (2003-2010) and Dilma (2011-2016) governments. Focusing on the so-called civil society, and based on an ethnography of participatory spaces related to the Ministry of Culture (namely: the National Council of Cultural Policies, its sectoral collegiates and the National Culture\'s Conferences), this research intends to show how the construction of this policy was possible thanks to the work of the civil society representatives, who became one of the main agents to demand and, thus, to spread the policy drawn up, at first, by the Ministry of Culture. The participatory forums were taken not as totalities to be scrutinized, but as gravitation centers from which follow the displacements of some representatives. As national institutions, these participatory spaces congregated people from different states, from all five Brazilian regions. The fieldwork corresponded thus to a multi-situated ethnography, which followed the movement of people who travelled to attend meetings that took place in several cities, crossing boundaries among the spheres of the Brazilian federation, and among spaces associated now to State, now to culture. The theoretical inspiration comes from works dedicated to analyze social practices, and associates contributions from two distinct anthropological field references: on one side, reflections on politics, State and public policy, from the Anthropology of Politics; on the other, reflections on the effectiveness of formal and aesthetic aspects, contribution of the Anthropology of Art and a recent Anthropology of Bureaucracy. This dissertation analyzes an extensive and varied set of materials. Are considered: the displacements of persons; the circulation of ideas and of models of culture and politics, embodied in minutes, reports, laws, organizational charts and other documents; methodologies and organizational procedures used to organize a conference or an election; a set of practices and elements derived of cultural universes, that were present in the institutionalized participatory spaces and that were perceived as culture\'s way of making politics. This work thus reveals the diversity of practices that constitute experiences of participatory democracy in the cultural field, and shows how the proliferation of participatory spaces resulted in the creation of instances and agents that worked out the dissemination of particular understandings and models of cultural policy and public management. The dissertation also examines the apparent paradox posed by the concurrent existence of intense flows (which cross many borders) and totalizing images of what would be a State, the civil society and the Brazilian culture, showing how it is precisely through the displacements that subjects, collectives and categories of cultural policies constitute themselves, in a relational way.
44
Kök-Kalaycı, İrem. "Politics of transparency : contested spaces of corporate responsibility, science and regulation in shale gas projects of the UK and the US." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:79f34c61-709d-44f1-ae1c-c298cd4cb07c.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents a political geography of transparency, regulation and resource making in shale gas projects in the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (US). The emergence of shale gas as a politically and economically desirable resource occupied national political aspirations, most notably in the US and to some extent in the UK, for reasons of energy security and economic development. Although shale gas has become a globally desirable resource, this thesis shows that the resource is not same everywhere. Following knowledge making practices in distinct regulatory regimes of the UK and the US, I trace how making of shale gas resource is subjected to contestation in a range of technical fields, such as law, economics, geosciences and environmental impact assessment. The study is based on in-depth analysis of technical and policy documents, and interviews with a wide range of actors (i.e. regulators, gas companies, investors, scientists, landowners), and field visits in the US (New York, Pennsylvania and Texas) and the UK (Lancashire, Litchfield and London). Drawing on theoretical insights from the Science and Technology Studies (STS), legal and resource geographies, I empirically showed that both regulatory practices and resource materialities matter in encapsulating making of shale gas projects in different national contexts. Documenting how information production and its contestation is entangled with assemblages of materials and technologies, as well as regulatory, geoscientific and market interventions in the context of the UK and the US, this thesis offers an alternative account of the geography of transparency and regulation regarding the development of shale gas policies. The political viability of shale projects depends on how these informational spaces are generated, contested and transformed in nationally specific scientific practices and regulatory regimes.
45
Le, Fur Yann. "La patrimonialisation des grands sites : évolution des doctrines et transformation des espaces : exemple des promontoires littoraux emblématiques bretons." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869354.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse s'inscrit dans une perspective compréhensive des processus depatrimonialisation de grands sites naturels bretons, de leur découverte à leur réhabilitation, ici la pointedu Raz, le cap Fréhel et la côte sauvage de Quiberon. Ces promontoires littoraux, objets inventés au19e siècle, sont devenus au fil du temps des supports d'oeuvres littéraires et picturales, d'introspectionet de fascination exercée par la puissance des éléments marins. Ces lieux ont accueilli depuis lesannées 1950 des fréquentations touristiques de plus en plus importantes, ayant provoqué desphénomènes de mise à nu des sols, que l'administration de l'Environnement a jugé menaçants pourleur intégrité. Il y a une trentaine d'années, elle a donc décliné une politique de réhabilitation dont lamatérialisation principale fut la conduite d''Opérations Grand Sites'. De quelle manière ces projets deréhabilitation sont-ils menés et selon quelles doctrines ? Comment prennent-ils en compte lesdifférents usages et valeurs attribuées à ces patrimoines ? Cette thèse analyse les aménagements,désaménagements et réaménagements de ces sites, l'imbrication de la montée de la doctrineécologique et des jeux d'acteurs qui s'y développent, et, interroge leur incidence sur le patrimoine etles modalités de son appropriation, ce que nous appelons le processus de patrimonialisation.La première partie retrace la patrimonialisation des grands sites naturels emblématiques de France,leur invention (chapitre 1), les politiques publiques mises en place en vue de leur protection(chapitre 2 et 3), et se focalise sur nos terrains d'étude (chapitre 4). La seconde partie montre lesévolutions du cadre doctrinal, organisationnel et normatif de l'action publique, favorisant la protectionde l'environnement et l'aménagement touristique. Elle montre le renouvellement des principesd'action publique (chapitre 5) et les transformations des espaces induites par les doctrines et les jeuxd'acteurs (chapitre 6 et 7). Enfin, la troisième partie aborde les effets de ces réhabilitations sur lepatrimoine et le processus de patrimonialisation contemporains (chapitre 8 et 9) et propose uneréflexion sur la dimension normative des opérations de réhabilitation : nous démontrons qu'elles sontconstitutives du processus de patrimonialisation.
46
Tselapedi, Thapelo. "Emancipatory spaces in the post-colony : South Africa and the case for AbM and UPM." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004451.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is about the relationship between local government, grassroots organisations and the organisation of power resulting from the interaction of the two. Exploring this relationship this thesis investigates whether the actions of grassroots movements can bring local government in line with their developmental role as accorded to them by the Constitution. The assumption embedded in this question is that the current balance of power at the local level exists outside of the service of the historically disadvantaged. Following on from that, the thesis explores, through different modes of analysis, theoretical and historical, the policy and constitutional framework for local government, and then it unravels the context set by the political economy of South Africa. The aim is to make a significant attempt at understanding the possible implications of the interventions grassroots movements make in the public space. The thesis does this also by looking at the strengths and weaknesses of the strategies of the UDF to makes an assessment of the possible endurance of post-apartheid grassroots movements. Since civil society ‘suffers’ from nationalist politics, with its own corporatist institutions, the thesis searches deep within or arguably 'outside of civil society', subjecting AbM and UPM to academic critique, to see how movements embedded among the poor and carrying the political instrument of anger and marginalisation, can dislodge the power of capital. More importantly, the thesis situates the post-apartheid moment within postcolonial politics; navigating through the legacy of Colonialism of a Special Type (CSP), the thesis explores the limits and opportunities at the disposal of grassroots movements. From a different perspective, the thesis is an examination of the organisation and movement of power and the spaces within which power and ideas are contested. Drawing on the political and economic engagements, dubbed the Dar Es Salaam debates, in the 1970’s and 1980’s spurred on by Issa Shivji, the late Prof Dani Wadada Nabudere and Mahmood Mandani, the conclusions of this thesis develops these engagements, essentially making a case for the continued centrality of the post-apartheid state. However, the thesis also asserts the indubitable role that both grassroots movements and civil society need to play, not necessarily in the democratisation of the state, though that goes without saying, but in taking the post-colonial state on its own terms. Consequently, the thesis puts forward the idea that issue-based mobilisation does exactly this, and in the manner that acknowledges the state’s centrality and makes paramount the self-organisation (popular assemblies) of ordinary people in public affairs. The thesis categorically concludes that the centrality of the post-apartheid state and its progressive outlook (constitutional values) is contingent on organs of popular assemblies which need to take the state on its (progressive) terms.
47
Medeiros, Sara Raquel Fernandes Queiroz de. "A casa pr?pria: sonho ou realidade? : um olhar sobre os conjuntos habitacionais em Natal." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13779.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
SaraRFQM.pdf: 708097 bytes, checksum: e4921ef3a5c959972300e77a0fc34716 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2007-05-11Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico
This dissertation is about housing provision under a capitalist system. It aims at analyzing the economic relevance of the Brazilian housing policy, in particular, looking at the housing estates built in Natal city. It also draws on a data-base about living and housing conditions in Natal, produced in the wake of a more comprehensive research of the 50 largest housing estates in the city. Theoretically, the dissertation discusses: the symbolic dimension of housing; housing as a commodity; the alleged social and economic stability of homeownership; and the urban dynamic of housing estates. It also discusses the historic and conceptual references of the Brazilian housing policy and its consequences to Natal city. From the 1960s, polilcy under the BNH privileged the production of large housing estates. Although this was more closely related to economic rather than social objectives, this policy helped expand the urban limits. This was the case for Natal. At the end, this policy was not targeted towards the poorest in society but towards those low income house buyers who could afford to pay for the mortgages on offer
Esta disserta??o versa sobre a produ??o capitalista da habita??o. Objetiva analisar o imperativo econ?mico preponderante na pol?tica habitacional brasileira, tendo como foco de estudo os conjuntos habitacionais da cidade de Natal. Para caminharmos com este objetivo, usamos como base de an?lise um banco de dados sobre as condi??es de vida e moradia nos conjuntos habitacionais de Natal , o qual ? fruto de uma pesquisa bastante ampla sobre os 50 maiores conjuntos da Grande Natal. O percurso te?rico visou entender: a quest?o da moradia, na sua amplitude simb?lica; a habita??o-mercadoria; a alegada estabilidade social e econ?mica relacionada ? propriedade habitacional; e a inser??o dos conjuntos habitacionais no espa?o urbano. Buscou, ainda, compreender as quest?es hist?ricoconceituais referentes ? pol?tica habitacional brasileira e o reflexo desta na pol?tica implementada na cidade de Natal. A pol?tica dos grandes conjuntos presente, a partir da d?cada de 1960, na cidade de Natal resultou da pol?tica nacional empreendida pelo BNH, que privilegiou objetivos econ?micos mais do que os sociais; mesmo assim, teve expressiva import?ncia. A ado??o da provis?o de habita??o em massa deu ao BNH o m?rito de ampliar o tecido urbano de muitas cidades, n?o s? com a pol?tica de habita??o, mas tamb?m passando a intervir no planejamento urbano, ao dotar as cidades, atendidas por seus programas, com infra-estrutura e regula??o urbana. Eis a quest?o-chave: o abandono de um projeto social, pois a pol?tica habitacional, prometendo atender uma necessidade b?sica dos indiv?duos e na sua efetiva??o, estabeleceu uma linha direta com o mercado. Atendeu n?o aqueles mais necessitados, mas os que, embora necessitados, possu?am os meios de pagar por sua moradia. Em Natal, os conjuntos habitacionais abrigam uma popula??o de rendimentos relativamente significativos, que tem um bom padr?o de vida
48
Ribeiro, Natalina. "Sujeitos e projetos em disputa na origem dos conselhos de políticas públicas." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17556.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Natalina Ribeiro.pdf: 1437637 bytes, checksum: f617712bb67864255a715b9ef54ab8fd (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2011-11-18Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The thesis examines the historical origins of the debate on policy councils through the trajectory of subjects, projects and proposals in dispute in Brazilian society. The survey is based on the analysis of documents and literature, complemented by interviews with privileged persons of the studied dynamics. In the process of the survey, the area of health policies was focused on for its pioneer role in the implementation of channels for popular participation, created as a result of the dynamics and struggles brought about by the popular movements for health care and sanitarian, foremost protagonists of the initiatives that originated the health councils, acknowledged as a reference for other public policies. Supported by its consolidated legitimacy together with the people represented, these actors craved for the construction of spaces of dispute within the State and the conquest of the right to interfere in the health policies. As such, in the context of the military dictatorship (1964-1984) and under the influence of international agencies, we observe the inclusion of these sectors of the opposition in various instances of the state apparatus, designed as a strategy for the struggle for rights, the appropriation and resignification of the concepts and spaces hegemonized by the authoritarian project. As a result of these struggles, the councils were implemented in the early 1990s, at the same time as neo-liberal adjustment measures were imposed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In this adverse situation, the councils constituted themselves as mechanisms of resistance, social control and propositions, with the potential to articulate actors and proposals within the perspective of democratic construction. The survey concludes that such a potential can only be realized insofar as they are inserted in the strategies of a democratic political project, capable of providing backup to the counselors in their struggles, giving a collective meaning to the exercise of participation. At the moment, it remains to be seen what space and role the councils have in the construction of the dispute for hegemony in Brazil
A tese analisa o debate das origens históricas dos conselhos de políticas públicas através da trajetória de sujeitos, propostas e projetos em disputa na sociedade brasileira. A pesquisa apoiou-se em análises documental e da literatura, complementadas por entrevistas com interlocutores privilegiados das dinâmicas investigadas. A área da saúde foi priorizada no processo de pesquisa por seu pioneirismo na implementação de canais de participação popular, criados a partir de dinâmicas e enfrentamentos desencadeados pelos movimentos populares de saúde e sanitarista, principais protagonistas das iniciativas que deram origem aos conselhos de saúde, apontados como referência para as demais áreas das políticas públicas. Apoiados na legitimidade consolidada junto às suas bases, tais atores almejaram a construção de espaços de disputa no interior da esfera estatal e a conquista de autoridade para interferir nas políticas de saúde. Assim, no contexto da ditadura militar (1964-1984) e sob influência das agências internacionais, observouse a inserção destes setores da oposição em diferentes instâncias do aparelho de Estado, adotando como estratégia de lutas por direitos a apropriação e ressignificação dos conceitos e espaços hegemonizados pelo projeto autoritário. Fruto destes enfrentamentos, os conselhos foram criados e implementados, a partir da década de 1990, ao mesmo tempo das medidas de ajuste neoliberal impostas pelo Fundo Monetário Internacional (FMI). Nesta conjuntura adversa, constituíram-se em mecanismos de resistência, controle social e proposições, com potencial de articular atores e propostas na perspectiva da construção democrática. O processo investigativo concluiu que tal potencial só pode ser realizado na medida em que estejam inseridos nas estratégias de um projeto político democrático capaz de fornecer retaguarda aos conselheiros nos seus processos de enfrentamento e conferir sentido coletivo ao exercício da participação. No entanto, resta saber o lugar e o papel ocupado pelos conselhos na arquitetura da disputa pela hegemonia no Brasil
49
Kalén, Victoria. "Kommunalt handlingsutrymme för att öka byggandet i trä : En studie av planeringsförutsättningar." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215281.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med denna uppsats är att öka kunskapen om vilka förutsättningar som påverkar kommunernas handlingsutrymme att styra mot ökat byggande i trä. Utgångspunkten är att ökat byggande i trä är en viktig hörnsten i Sveriges arbete för att nå klimatmål om minskade koldioxidutsläpp. I fallstudie undersöker jag Växjö och Skellefteå kommun som sedan länge arbetat aktivt med att öka byggande i trä och båda antagit kommunala träbyggandsstrategier. I fallstudie undersöker jag hur såväl kontextuella (projektspecifika och informella förutsättningar) som formella förutsättningar påverkar kommunens handlingsutrymme. Resultatet visar att processer för att identifiera planförutsättningar och överbrygga olika perspektiv är avgörande för att skapa ett kontextuellt handlingsutrymme. Resultatet visar vidare att kontextuella förutsättningar även har potential att till viss del skapa handlingsutrymme utanför det formella handlingsutrymmets ”uppenbara” ramar.The aim of this study in to increase the knowledge of municipal possibilities and constraints to increase building in wood by examining the municipal planning conditions. Point of departure is that building in wood is a prerequisite to reach the Swedish climate targets of drastically reducing national CO2-emissions. In a case study two municipalities are examined, Växjö and Skellefteå, two municipalities with strategies to increase building in wood and with long experience in doing so. The study explores how contextual planning conditions (project specific and informal conditions) alongside formal planning conditions affects the municipal space of action. The result shows that processes to identify planning conditions and to bridge different perspectives are crucial in order to create a contextual space of action. The result further demonstrates that contextual planning condition withhold the potential to, to a certain degree, create space of action outside the presupposed boundaries of the formal planning system.
50
Brandão, Pamela de Medeiros. "Os efeitos da democraticidade dos espaços públicos participativos para o desempenho de destinos turísticos." Escola de Administração da Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2014. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/17635.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2015-05-08T20:26:51Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Brandão, Pamela de Medeiros.pdf: 11801164 bytes, checksum: ec09f911b3370c5ccdbc3357fcffd115 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2015-05-08T20:31:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Brandão, Pamela de Medeiros.pdf: 11801164 bytes, checksum: ec09f911b3370c5ccdbc3357fcffd115 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T20:31:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Brandão, Pamela de Medeiros.pdf: 11801164 bytes, checksum: ec09f911b3370c5ccdbc3357fcffd115 (MD5)
Esse trabalho avalia em que medida o modelo de gestão descentralizada e participativa adotado pela Política Nacional do Turismo no Brasil tem, de fato, potencializado o desempenho da atividade turística no país. Partiu-se do pressuposto de que a gestão democrática e participativa adotada pela Política Nacional do Turismo Brasileiro não influenciou de forma significativa o desempenho da atividade turística no Brasil nos últimos anos. Para validar esse pressuposto adotaram-se dois procedimentos basilares: avaliar a democraticidade de fóruns/conselhos de turismo enquanto canais institucionais para a participação e para a descentralização da gestão pública; e correlacioná-la com o desempenho turístico auferido em termos do fluxo e receita turística. Utiliza-se o enfoque das redes políticas, numa perspectiva relacional e comunicacional, como um marco de referência analítico-conceitual; e adota a Análise de Redes Sociais como ferramenta analítica. O foco do estudo se concentrou nas relações comunicacionais estabelecidas entre as instituições públicas e privadas durante o processo de deliberação e tomada de decisão. O uso dessa ferramenta resultou na construção de redes e na proposição de um índice para mensuração da democraticidade dos espaços públicos – o IDEP. A aplicação do IDEP nos fóruns/conselhos de turismo dos estados da Bahia, Ceará, Pernambuco e Rio Grande do Norte permitiu diagnosticar os elementos responsáveis por promover uma maior ou menor participação nos processos decisórios da política do turismo, bem como examinar o estado da democracia nesses espaços. A mensuração da democraticidade via IDEP indicou que todos os fóruns/conselhos de turismo investigados apresentaram configurações que os posicionam em níveis de moderada à alta democraticidade. A existência de níveis distintos de democraticidade entre os fóruns e conselhos investigados possibilitou gerar comparabilidade e associá-los com o desempenho turístico desses estados. A análise da correlação entre essas duas variáveis não permitem estabelecer relação de causalidade entre a democraticidade dos espaços públicos e o desempenho turístico. No entanto, numa análise conjunta teve-se que a democraticidade do espaço público se comportou na mesma direção da receita turística. O que leva a pressupor que os estados nos quais se constatou maior democraticidade em seus espaços públicos de turismo, são, também, aqueles que, sistematicamente, tenderam a apresentar melhores desempenhos em termos de receita turística. Já na correlação por estado obteve-se resultados distintos. Desempenhos turísticos positivos foram verificados tanto em destinos turísticos com espaços públicos de maior democraticidade quanto em destinos com espaços públicos mais hierarquizados. Esse achado da pesquisa confirma o pressuposto assumido e leva a defender a tese de que: o desempenho da atividade turística no Brasil, verificado no período de 2003 a 2011, foi determinado por outros fatores não relacionados com um processo decisório mais ou menos participativo que ocorrem no âmbito dos fóruns/conselhos públicos de turismo.
This study evaluates to what extent the decentralized and participatory management model adopted by the National Tourism Policy in Brazil has, enhanced the performance of tourism in the country. It was based on the premise that the democratic and participatory management adopted by the National Tourism Policy did not significantly increase the development of tourism in Brazil in recent years. In order to validate this premise, two basic procedures were adopted: (1) to assess the democratic processes adopted in touristic forums/boards as institutional channels for participation and decentralization of public management; and (2) to correlate them with the development of tourism in terms of flow and revenue. The use of political networks as the focus of this process was used as a framework in a relational and communicational perspective, serving as a framework for analytical-conceptual referencing. The Social Network Analysis (SNA) was adopted as the tool for this analysis. The focus of the study was to evaluate the communication relationships established between public and private institutions during the deliberations and decision-making process. The use of this tool resulted in the formation of networks and the proposition of creating an index to measure democratic participation in public spaces – IDEP. The application (implementation) of IDEP in tourism forums/boards in the states of Bahia, Ceará, Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Norte allowed a diagnosis of the elements responsible for promoting a greater or lesser participation in the decision-making process of tourism policy, as well as the examination of the state of democracy in these locales. The measurement of participatory democracy through IDEP indicated that all the tourism forums/boards investigated had configurations that placed them in moderate to high levels of democratic processes. The existence of different levels of democratic participation among the tourism forums and boards studied allowed for generating comparability and the ability to associate them with the tourism performance in these states. The analysis of correlations between these two variables does not allow for establishing a correlation of causality between democratic processes in public spaces and tourism performance in these states. However, in a joint analysis it was observed that both democracy and the revenue generated from tourism showed parallel behavior. This has led to the estimation that the states that had higher levels of democracy in public spaces of tourism were also those that systematically outperform the others in the generation revenue from tourism. In the correlation per state, different results were attained. Positive tourism performance was recorded in tourism destinations with more democratic public spaces as well as in destinations with more hierarchical public spaces. The findings from the study confirm the initial assumptions, and supports the thesis that the performance of tourism in Brazil between 2003 and 2011 was determined by not related to a more or less participatory decision-making process occurring within tourism forums/boards.