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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Social planning'
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1
Ambrose, Aleta. "The integration of health planning and social planning /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19431.pdf.
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Goodspeed, Robert (Robert Charles). "Planning support systems for spatial planning through social learning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81739.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2013.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 240-271).
This dissertation examines new professional practices in urban planning that utilize new types of spatial planning support systems (PSS) based on geographic information systems (GIS) software. Through a mixed-methods research design, the dissertation investigates the role of these new technologies in planning workshops, processes, and as metropolitan infrastructures. In particular, PSS are viewed as supporting social learning in spatial planning processes. The study includes cases in Boston, Kansas City, and Austin. The findings indicate high levels of social learning, broadly confirming the collaborative planning theory literature. Participants at planning workshops that incorporated embodied computing interaction designs reported higher levels of two forms of learning drawn from Argyris and Schöns' theory of organizational learning: single and double loop learning. Single loop learning is measured as reported learning. Double loop learning, characterized by deliberation about goals and values, is measured with a novel summative scale. These workshops utilized PSS to contribute indicators to the discussion through the use of paper maps for input and human operators for output. A regression analysis reveals that the PSS contributed to learning by encouraging imagination, engagement, and alignment. Participantsʼ perceived identities as planners, personality characteristics, and frequency of meeting attendance were also related to the learning outcomes. However, less learning was observed at workshops with many detailed maps and limited time for discussion, and exercises lacking PSS feedback. The development of PSS infrastructure is investigated by conducting a qualitative analysis of focus groups of professional planners, and a case where a PSS was planned but not implemented. The dissertation draws on the research literatures on learning, PSS and urban computer models, and planning theory. The research design is influenced by a sociotechnical perspective and design research paradigms from several fields. The dissertation argues social learning is required to achieve many normative goals in planning, such as institutional change and urban sustainability. The relationship between planning processes and outcomes, and implications of information technology trends for PSS and spatial planning are discussed.
by Robert Goodspeed.
Ph.D.
3
Powell, Felicity Isabel. "Social issues in regional planning." Thesis, University of Hull, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441684.
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Ađalgeirsson, Sigurđur Örn. "Mind-theoretic planning for social robots." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91438.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 211-220).
As robots move out of factory floors and into human environments, out from safe barricaded workstations to operating in close proximity with people, they will increasingly be expected to understand and coordinate with basic aspects of human behavior. If they are to become useful and productive participants in human-robot teams, they will require effective methods of modeling their human counterparts in order to better coordinate and cooperate with them. Theory of Mind (ToM) is defined as people's ability to reason about others' behavior in terms of their internal states, such as beliefs and desires. Having a ToM allows an individual to understand the observed behavior of others, based not only on directly observable perceptual features but also an understanding of underlying mental states; this understanding allows the individual to anticipate and better react to future actions. In this thesis a Mind-Theoretic Planning (MTP) system is presented which attempts to provide robots with some of the basic ToM abilities that people rely on for coordinating and interacting with others. The MTP system frames the problem of mind-theoretic reasoning as a planning problem with mixed observability. A predictive forward model of others' behavior is computed by creating a set of mental state situations (MSS), each composed of stacks of Markov Decision Process (MDP) models whose solutions provide approximations of anticipated rational actions and reactions of that agent. This forward model, in addition to a perceptual-range limiting observation function, is combined into a Partially Observable MDP (POMDP). The presented MTP approach increases computational efficiency by taking advantage of approximation methods offered by a novel POMDP solver B3RTDP as well as leveraging value functions at various levels of the MSS as heuristics for value functions at higher levels. For the purpose of creating an efficient MTP system, a novel general-purpose online POMDP solver B3RTDP was developed. This planner extends the Real- Time Dynamic Programming (RTDP) approach to solving POMDPs. By using a bounded value function representation, we are able to apply a novel approach to pruning the belief-action search graph and maintain a Convergence Frontier, a novel mechanism for taking advantage of early action convergence, which can greatly improve RTDP's search time. Lastly, an online video game was developed for the purpose of evaluating the MTP system by having people complete tasks in a virtual environment with a simulated robotic assistant. A human subject study was performed to assess both the objective behavioral differences in performance of the human-robot teams, as well as the subjective attitudinal differences in how people perceived agents with varying MTP capabilities. We demonstrate that providing agents with mind-theoretic capabilities can significantly improve the efficiency of human-robot teamwork in certain domains and suggest that it may also positively influence humans' subjective perception of their robotic teammates.
by Sigurđur Örn Ađalgeirsson.
Ph. D.
5
O'Hara, Glen Stewart. "British economic and social planning 1959-1970." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317692/.
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This thesis attempts to trace the history of the politics, rhetoric and practice of British central government planning in the 1960s. As such, it attempts to answer a number of questions: why did 'planning' come back into fashion in the early 1960s? What meanings did it take on for those who espoused it? Did different groups have very different ideas about what it meant? Why was it adopted as such an all-encompassing reformist banner in this decade? Did it fail to achieve its ends, and if so, why? 'Planning' is therefore treated both as an idea and a practice in its own right, but also as a tool to answer wider questions about post-war British government and politics. How important were interest groups, for instance the 'social partners' of employers and trade unions, in the management of the economy? How central were provider and consumer interest groups in the planning and development of the Welfare State? How close together were the ideas and actions of the political parties? How powerfull was the central government, and what were the limits to its power? This thesis will use unpublished manuscript sources from the archives of the central government and the two main political parties, along with some personal papers, to attempt to answer these questions. It will conclude that planning failed because of a basic lack of agreement between the different 'planners', as well as the inability of the central government machinery to conduct such complex and testing work. It will also argue that the influence of political ideology and party-political conflict was much greater than has previously been thought.
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Taylor, Joan. "Mathematical models for planning social services resources." Thesis, Durham University, 1986. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6832/.
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This research discusses a number of computer-based mathematical models which are designed to assist planners to make strategic decisions concerning the allocations of social services resources. A new model is postulated which uses current patterns of care to derive a set of alternative modes or packages of care, chooses a suitable set of allocations of clients to packages of care within given resource constraints and can be used to explore the effect on resource requirements of demographic changes, and to explore alternative ways of caring for clients if populations expand and/or resources are reduced. Comparisons are made with the DHSS Balance of Care model and with other models. An exploration is included of the weighting values used in the postulated model’s objective function.
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Hearn, Jeff. "Theorizing social planning : Analysis, critique and alternatives." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372190.
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White, Kenneth J. White. "Social Capital, Financial Planning, and Black Males." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1467641224.
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Chen, Hsiu-ling. "Teacher planning : social studies teacher in Taiwan /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Lau, Chi-ting, and 劉志庭. "Community planning: an alternative approach of planning." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3125827X.
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Lau, Chi-ting. "Community planning : an alternative approach of planning /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13814229.
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Yeung, Sze-hang Jess. "Adaptive social underground linkages urban interface for Mass Transit Railway." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31987412.
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Haynes, Philip. "Social complexity and government social care planning for the long term ill." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263978.
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Wilkinson, Cathy. "Social-ecological resilience and planning: an interdisciplinary exploration." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Systemekologiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-78977.
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Despite considerable expansion in the scope and function of the state with respect to environmental protection, the world’s biological diversity and ecosystem services continue to deteriorate. Finding ways to better govern human-nature relations in cities is an important part of addressing this decline. The aim of this thesis is to explore the potential of social-ecological resilience to inform urban governance in theory and practice, through a focus on strategic spatial planning. Resilience has become an increasingly important urban policy discourse and much hope is placed in its potential to improve urban governance. However, there is an acknowledged gap between social-ecological resilience as an ideal and the ability to govern towards it in practice. At the time this doctoral research commenced there had been no engagement with social-ecological resilience in the planning theory literature and minimal engagement by empirical planning research. It is to this gap the thesis contributes. Social-ecological resilience scholarship is found to offer planning theory a partly new way of understanding complex human-nature relations. This is relevant to calls by planning theorists for more attention to matters of substance, including ecological processes. With respect to practice, planners see potential for social-ecological resilience to critically inform strategic spatial planning, including through the framing of problems, tools for analysis/synthesis and governance options. There are also however, lessons for social-ecological resilience scholarship that emerge from the detailed empirical research which suggests that attention to the politics of the everyday activities of administrators, elected officials, planning officials, conservationists and citizens operating within the so-called ‘mangle of practice’ is critical to explaining the gap between the ideal of governing for urban resilience, and what happens in practice.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Manuscript. Paper 5: Manuscript.
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Tokar, Ann M. "Ukrainian community life in Montreal : social planning implications." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61317.
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This study focused on the challenges facing the Ukrainian community in Montreal, within the parameters of their support and mutual aid services. Key informants from the community were interviewed. A mail-in questionnaire was administered to a sample of Ukrainians (N = 145), from the community at large. Key findings: (a) a high level of interest in community planning, (b) for women, social policy and health and social services were more important, (c) 18% were uncertain about remaining in Quebec, and (d) internal conflicts within community infrastructures. Areas of concentration for community development: (a) health and social services for independent elderly and others in need, (b) residential placement for elderly, and (c) counselling and information services for immigrants.
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Leong, Yee-tak Yvonne, and 梁懿德. "Housing, planning and social inequality in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31258967.
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SILVA, MARIA MAGDALENA LYRA DA. "STRATEGIC PLANNING AND COMPLEX SOCIAL SYSTEMS: TWO CASES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2001. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=1733@1.
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Esta dissertação tem por objetivo um estudo comparativo
do processo de planejamento estratégico de dois sistemas
sociais complexos, as cidades do Rio de Janeiro e de
Porto Alegre. Analisa-se a adequação das metodologias de
planejamento empregadas nesses processos, em vista das
características de cada um dos sistemas em estudo. Utiliza
se como base para o estudo uma revisão de algumas
abordagens de planejamento estratégico, incluindo a linha
da Design School e as duas correntes do Planejamento
Adaptativo, descrevendo-se, em cada uma dessas correntes,
duas de suas metodologias. Descreve-se também cada um dos
sistemas estudados e seu processo de planejamento. Como
principais resultados, tem-se a identificação do processo
de planejamento do Rio de Janeiro com a abordagem do
Planejamento Estratégico e a do planejamento de Porto
Alegre com a linha não-sinótica do Planejamento
Adaptativo. Constatou-se que o processo de planejamento
de Porto Alegre apresenta semelhanças com a metodologia
de Incrementalismo Articulado, como a utilização do
Sistema de Orçamento Participativo, lá implementado há
mais de dez anos, que pode ser identificado com o
Instrumento Articulador, peça chave dessa abordagem.This dissertation aims at developing a comparative study between the strategic planning processes of two social complex systems, the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Porto Alegre. The adequacy of the planning methodologies used in these processes is analyzed, in view of the characteristics of each of these systems. The study is based on a review of some approaches to strategic planning, including the line of the Design School and the two currents of the Adaptive Planning, describing, for each of these currents, two methodologies. The two systems are also described, as well as their planning processes. Among the main results, there is the identification of Rio de Janeiro`s planning process with the Strategic Planning approach, whereas Porto Alegre`s can be identified with the non-synoptic line of the Adaptive Planning approach. Some similarities were identified between Porto Alegre`s planning process and the Articulated Incrementalism, such as the use of the Participative Budgeting System, implemented in that city more than ten years ago, which can be identified to the Articulating Instrument, a key element to that approach.
Esta disertación tiene como objetivo realizar un estudio comparativo del proceso de planeamiento estratégico de dos sistemas sociales complejos: las ciudades del Rio de Janeiro y de Porto Alegre. Se analiza si son adecuadas las metodologías de planeamiento empleadas en esos procesos, en vista de las características de cada un de los sistemas en estudio. Como base para este estudio, se realiza una revisión de varias concepciones de planeamiento estratégico, incluyendo la línea de la Design School y las dos corrientes de Planeamiento Adaptativo, describiendo, en cada una de esas corrientes, dos de su metodologías. Se describe también cada un de los sistemas estudiados y su proceso de planeamiento. Como principales resultados tenemos la identificación del proceso de planeamiento de Rio de Janeiro con el abordaje del Planeamiento Estratégico y el planeamiento de Porto Alegre con la línea no-sinótica del Planeamiento Adaptativo. Fue comprobado que el proceso de planeamiento de Porto Alegre presenta semejanzas con la metodología de Incrementalismo Articulado, como la utilización del Sistema de Presuesto Participativo, implementado hace más de diez años, que puede ser identificado con el Instrumento Articulador, pieza clave de ese abordaje.
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Iedema, Rick. "Interactional dynamics and social change planning as morphogenesis /." Connect to full text, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1687.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 1997.Title from title screen (viewed 25 March 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Linguistics, Faculty of Arts. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Leong, Yee-tak Yvonne. "Housing, planning and social inequality in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14786813.
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Nguyen, Thi Thanh An. "Participatory social planning in Vietnam : opportunities and limitations /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16770.pdf.
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Iedema, Roderick. "Interactional dynamics and social change : planning as morphogenesis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1687.
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This thesis looks at social interaction from the point of view of social-institutional process. In doing so, it aims to account for i) how broader institutional processes are instantiated in local interaction, and ii) how western technologisation (in the Foucaultian sense) relates to or is instantiated in local interaction.
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Iedema, Roderick. "Interactional dynamics and social change : planning as morphogenesis." University of Sydney, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1687.
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Doctor of PhilosophyThis thesis looks at social interaction from the point of view of social-institutional process. In doing so, it aims to account for i) how broader institutional processes are instantiated in local interaction, and ii) how western technologisation (in the Foucaultian sense) relates to or is instantiated in local interaction.
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Harris, Wesley Brian David. "Expanding Planning Public Participation Outreach Through Social Networking." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/567.
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Public participation is not a form of civic responsibility that it once was. With not only fewer people taking part in the public participation process, there is a trend towards an older (45 years and older) group of residents that come to such meetings or workshops. Plans, such as Specific Plans or General Plans often take years to implement and require all generations to give feedback on what is needed for the future. Additionally, within the last decade, there has been a rise in social media websites such as Facebook and Twitter. These websites emerged as informal virtual places for friends to connect, but have slowly evolved into a tool for businesses, and more importantly, government to connect with constituents. This study explores the relationship between the decline of public participation with findings to support the reasons residents do not take part in the process, and the rise of social media as a tool for engagement with findings to support how cities nationwide use Facebook. Social media provides a two-way form of communication between the community and the local government which aides in promoting genuine participation. Additionally, social media allows for efficient outreach and noticing of meetings or public workshops. As opposed to newspaper or website noticing, websites such as Facebook allow for local governments to target a specific audience by location, age, or interests. Findings indicate that although many cities developed a Facebook Page to engage the “younger generation”, all ages became fans of the City operated Facebook Page. In addition, the findings show that the true potential of Facebook as a participatory tool have not been discovered. cities are developing their own ways of using it as a tool as there is no formal best practices manual for City planning departments. The findings of this study have provided the necessary information to develop a best practices manual for planning practitioners to utilize. The manual provides information on developing a Facebook Page as well as the implications of the technology.
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Ragazzi, Luca <1990>. "Business Planning in ottica di Corporate Social Responsibility." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/12111.
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La responsabilità sociale delle imprese (CSR) nella sua moderna formulazione è un argomento rilevante e in continuo sviluppo, a partire dalla metá degli anni ’50 la responsabilitá sociale di impresa é un concetto che vive un processo di continua crescita, sia di importanza che di concretezza. La gravitá della crisi degli ultimi anni é certamente il presupposto per ricercare un nuovo sviluppo economico plasmato sulla responsabilitá sociale di impresa. Coordinato con la CSR, il documento che esprime e traccia la linea guida dell’idea imprenditoriale è il Business Plan, si tratta di una formulazione del piano pluriennale con il quale l’impresa programma la propria attivitá. I fattori di successo futuri sono rappresentati in questo documento che descrive il piano d’azione dell’ imprenditore, consentendo di valutarne la fattibilitá e la redditivitá. L’obbiettivo principale di questo lavoro é individuare gli elementi chiave che legano la corporate social responsibility al business plan, ovvero esaminare la pianificazioine delle attivitá in osservanza e tutela delle condizioni sociali ed ecologiche. Esiste infatti una correlazione tra le attivitá delle piccole, medie e grandi imprese con la corporate social responsibility. Le imprese sono i soggetti con maggior responsabilitá riguardo le condizioni ambientali create con l’espansione della globalizzazione, le loro strategie incidono pesantemente sul’ evoluzione ambientale. Dal punto di vista qualitativo la corporate social responsibility, se affiancata al business plan, ha mostrato di avere un impatto positivo in ogni area aziendale, dalle risorse umane alla supply chain, nelle relazioni con l’ambiente esterno, nella brand reputation e sul’ attitudine del consumatore. Con riferimento invece all’ analisi quantitativa é stato rilevato come la riduzione del costo dell’equity capital é un elemento fondamentale ottenibile con l’applicazione della corporate social responsibility, nel complesso i dati sono coerenti con la previsione che una potenziale riduzione del costo del capitale azionario motivi le imprese a pubblicare autonomamente e spontaneamente i report CSR e che si ottengono cosí ottimizzazioni della gestione delle risorse finanziarie, del ricorso al credito e che si conseguino condizioni superiori delle performance.
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Ziller, Alison Margaret. "The Role of Planning in Community Building." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/681.
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This thesis is concerned with the contribution of practising planners, working in town or urban planning departments, to social wellbeing. It is concerned with what planners do, how they conceptualise the application of town or urban planning practice to social issues, and what they think about their role in achieving social outcomes in a place. The general question is initially addressed through an introductory story and then via a content analysis of recent regional strategic plans. This is followed by a review of town planning literature on social issues, particularly literature concerned with small areas such as villages and neighbourhoods and which treat urban areas as a series of villages or neighbourhoods. The work is further advanced by a discourse analysis of the use of the word community, as a noun and as an adjective, in a series of planning reports. Recent literature on community development, community consultation and sustainability principles is also reviewed for its contribution to the way in which planners address social issues. On the basis of findings from this work, five research propositions are developed. These are explored through a survey of practising planners. The research propositions are explored in a number of questions so as to search for consistency and establish the reliability of the results. The same questionnaire is also administered to a class of fourth year student planners as a control. Four of the five research propositions are demonstrated by the survey results. The results suggest that practising planners have a knowledge and skill shortfall in the area of applying planning practice to achieving social outcomes. However, the results also demonstrate that most planners think that community building is part of their role, they have a realistic appreciation of their skills and are open to new ideas and learning opportunities. The concluding section of the thesis makes a series of suggestions for responding to the shortfall and developing planners' knowledge and skills relevant to community building.
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Ziller, Alison Margaret. "The Role of Planning in Community Building." University of Sydney. Urban and Regional Planning, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/681.
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This thesis is concerned with the contribution of practising planners, working in town or urban planning departments, to social wellbeing. It is concerned with what planners do, how they conceptualise the application of town or urban planning practice to social issues, and what they think about their role in achieving social outcomes in a place. The general question is initially addressed through an introductory story and then via a content analysis of recent regional strategic plans. This is followed by a review of town planning literature on social issues, particularly literature concerned with small areas such as villages and neighbourhoods and which treat urban areas as a series of villages or neighbourhoods. The work is further advanced by a discourse analysis of the use of the word community, as a noun and as an adjective, in a series of planning reports. Recent literature on community development, community consultation and sustainability principles is also reviewed for its contribution to the way in which planners address social issues. On the basis of findings from this work, five research propositions are developed. These are explored through a survey of practising planners. The research propositions are explored in a number of questions so as to search for consistency and establish the reliability of the results. The same questionnaire is also administered to a class of fourth year student planners as a control. Four of the five research propositions are demonstrated by the survey results. The results suggest that practising planners have a knowledge and skill shortfall in the area of applying planning practice to achieving social outcomes. However, the results also demonstrate that most planners think that community building is part of their role, they have a realistic appreciation of their skills and are open to new ideas and learning opportunities. The concluding section of the thesis makes a series of suggestions for responding to the shortfall and developing planners� knowledge and skills relevant to community building.
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Kydönholma, Josefina, and Eira Bonell. "Unboxing cultural planning - A qualitative study of finding the language of the concept cultural planning." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22813.
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Som invånare i en alltmer global värld, är det kanske inte konstigt att man ibland känner sig liten. Städer växer och därmed kan känslan av att tillhöra ett grannskap lätt försvinna. En känsla av rastlöshet kan göra att det är svårt att hitta något att knyta an till. Man kan argumentera om människans natur, men att människor är sociala varelser som har ett behov av att interagera med varandra, kan nog de flesta av oss skriva under på. Publika platser bör därför fylla behovet av en plats där gemenskap kan växa, men trender inom stadsplanering verkar gå i motsatt riktning. Vi behöver platser, stigar och vägar som är ämnade för oss, där det finns utrymme för möten och samspel. Vi behöver en urban miljö som stöttar vårt vardagsliv och tillåter oss att bara vara. Cultural planning är ett tillvägagångssätt och koncept som har potentialen att sammanfoga glappet mellan stadsplanering och invånarnas behov. I vår studie identifierar och utforskar vi ett nätverk av personer och grupper som är involverade i cultural planning. I nätverket är terminologin omdiskuterad och anses problematisk, vilket ledde oss till våra frågor: Vad är cultural planning? Hur kan cultural planning som koncept bli mer etablerat? Hur kan nätverket inom cultural planning stärkas? Våra mål är att definiera konceptet genom att hitta dess karaktäristiska språk. Detta för att hitta ett gemensamt språkbruk som nätverket kan använda. Vi kallar detta för unboxing cultural planning. Huvudfokus i denna studie är konceptet cultural planning. Då konceptet är så pass omfattande och mångsidigt, kommer vi att undersöka det genom olika teoretiska perspektiv baserade på olika professioner, utifrån tre utgångspunkter; cultural planning som en term, som ett tillvägagångssätt och dess värdegrund. Genom att konstruera fallstudier och analysera dem genom fyra relevanta teorier, kommer vi göra ett förslag på hur konceptet och nätverket kan bli mer etablerat.As citizens in an increasingly global and digitalized world, everyone feels small from time to time. Cities expand and at the same time the sense of belonging to a neighbourhood decrease. It is hard to find a way to root ourselves. While arguments occur over human nature, it is safe to assert that humans are social beings, and we have a need to interact with each other. Public spaces should fill the need of physical space were communities and neighbourhoods can meet, but trends in city planning move in different directions. We need places, paths and roads that are built for us, where there is room for interaction and encounters. We need an urban everyday life that allows us being human. Cultural planning is an approach and concept that has the potential to fill the void between city planning and citizens’ needs. When talking about tools in the field of cultural planning, we must ask what tools exist and how do we use them? In this thesis we identify and explore a network of people and groups involved with cultural planning, as well as the different tools associated with it. Within the network, the term cultural planning is discussed as problematic. This led us to our questions: How is cultural planning conceptualized? How can cultural planning become more established and recognized? And how can the cultural planning network be strengthened?Our goals are to unbox the concept of cultural planning by finding its language, and during our process help the network in their future work of communicating cultural planning. We call this unboxing cultural planning. The central focus of this study is the concept of cultural planning. Since the concept is complex and not yet established, we will examine cultural planning from three starting points. Using perspectives from different professions and practitioners, we explore cultural planning as a term, as an approach, and as a collection of core values. By constructing case studies and analysing them through four relevant terms, we suggest on how to widen the concept and network of cultural planning.
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Friedrich, Melanie. "Social Aspects of Sustainability and Resilience in Small Town Planning : Structural Planning in Pförring, Germany." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-283735.
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In a seemingly endlessly urbanizing world, the planning field must not forget our cities’ hinterlands and rural regions. Demographic shifts, dying centers, lack of amenities and insufficient mobility options are just a few of the struggles the periphery is facing. With the help of the case study site Pförring, Germany, this report analyzes regional and local plans in relation to social aspects of sustainability and resilience. The results are the identification of crucial elements for successful transformation: vision, competence, support, action, monitoring and adjustment, depicted as an interlinked system of two interactive loops.
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Fluckiger, Persia L. "Planning by preschoolers : the effects of children's social understanding on the development of planning ability /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16833.pdf.
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Tcacencu, Sanda. "Social Sustainability in a Local Context." Thesis, KTH, Samhällsplanering och miljö, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239879.
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Cabrera, Joseph Fredrick. "Planning Social Capital: New Uranism in the Formation of Social Interaction, Social Connection, and Community Satisfaction." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195360.
Full textAbstract:
Over the past fifty or so years there has been a well examined decline in socialconnections and many other facets of American communities (Fischer 1982; Putnam2000; Freeman 2001; McPherson, Smith-Lovin, & Brashears 2006; Dunham-Jones &Williamson 2009). New urbanism has been proposed as a tool to reverse some of thissocial decline in communities. This study seeks to understand the possible socialconnective benefits of new urbanism in a number of ways. First, a new urbanistcommunity is compared to a similar adjacent community that also happens to betraditional suburban community. The study examines differences between the twocommunities in terms of social connections, social interactions, and communitysatisfaction. Second, the study examines individual design elements of new urbanism to understand their relationships with social interactions and social connections. This study also examines community cohesion in terms of diverse social interactions and bridging ties. Previous studies suggest that bridging ties are more likely to be formed between persons who are connected with weaker social bonds (Granovetter, 1973) as well as persons who interact through spontaneous rather than planned forms of social interaction (Molm, Collett, & Schaefer 2007). Lastly, this study seeks to understand if any of the new urbanist design strategies examined are related to bridging ties. The findings of this study suggested that new urbanist communities do have more social interactions, social connections, and community satisfaction than do traditional suburban communities. The findings also suggested that four new urbanist design strategies: porches, community meetings, and mixed-use zoning are positively related to social interactions and social connections. Moreover, findings suggested that persons connected by weaker social bonds are indeed more likely to have bridging ties, however, they did not support the idea that persons who have more spontaneous interactions will also be more likely to have bridging ties. Lastly, the findings indicated that of all the new urbanist design strategies, only the neighborhood business center was positively related to bridging ties. Conversely, a negative relationship was found between resident's who use their porches and bridging ties.
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Davidson, Duncan. "Social problem solving, cognitive defusion and social identification in wellness recovery action planning." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33141.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: The concept of recovery has become an integral part of modern mental health care. Understanding the outcomes and underlying mechanisms of key recovery interventions, such as Wellness Recovery Action Planning (WRAP), is essential in order to expand the theoretical understanding of recovery and inform how to target recovery in treatment. Therefore a systematic review of the literature was conducted to evaluate the mental health outcomes of WRAP for adults. The empirical study then explored three constructs in relation to WRAP and recovery. These were social problem solving, cognitive defusion and social identification. Method: The systematic review of the mental health outcomes of WRAP was conducted by searching four databases, contacting the authors of WRAP research and seeking evaluative information from organisations that deliver WRAP. Fourteen relevant studies met the inclusion criteria. Whereas, the empirical study recruited participants on a trans-diagnostic basis from across Scotland. Using a quantitative cross sectional design, 109 participant's completed 5 self-report questionnaires. These were the Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs about WRAP Questionnaire (WRAP beliefs), the Recovery Assessment Scale - Short (RAS-S), the Social Problem Solving Inventory - Revised - Short (SPSI-R-S), the Four Item Measure of Social Identification (FISI) and the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ). Correlation, regression and mediation analysis were used to explore relationships, and in particular, the predictors and mediators of recovery. Results: The systematic review provided strong evidence that WRAP has a significant positive impact on hope and also reduces the symptoms of mental illness. However, whether WRAP improves personal levels of recovery was unclear and a possible risk of disempowerment was found. Promising preliminary mental health outcomes in the areas of confidence in managing mental health, quality of life, service use, self-advocacy and knowledge attitudes and beliefs about recovery were highlighted. Only studies that did not use peer facilitators failed to find significant increases in hope compared to treatment as usual control groups. In the empirical study, the results indicated that all the constructs examined were correlated to recovery. In the regression analysis, WRAP beliefs, social problem solving and cognitive defusion also demonstrated a predictive relationship with recovery. Mediation analysis indicated that, social problem solving mediated two distinct relationships. One between WRAP beliefs and recovery, and another between cognitive defusion and recovery. The social problem solving subscales also showed how the two predictors relate to recovery through social problem solving in different ways. Social identification with the WRAP group did not significantly predict or mediate recovery. Conclusions: The systematic review indicated having peer facilitators delivering WRAP is key to helping participants foster hope and that a further randomised control trial could help clarify if improved personal recovery is an outcome of WRAP. It additionally suggested how the relationship between WRAP beliefs and recovery could be explored, as per the design of the empirical study. Findings from the empirical study implied that improving participants' social problem solving and cognitive defusion should be specifically targeted in WRAP delivery. The studies combined indicate that to achieve the best recovery results interventions, like WRAP, should target inspiring hope through peer support, improving knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about recovery and cognitive defusion from unhelpful thoughts.
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Wu, Kai. "Migrants in Nanjing personal experiences and social process (China) /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Carr, S. "Conservation on farms : conflicting attitudes, social pressures and behaviour." Thesis, Open University, 1988. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57040/.
Full textAbstract:
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, conservationists' concern about the loss of wildlife habitat on farmland escalated into open conflict with farmers, the conflict being heightened by controversy surrounding the passing of the Wildlife and Countryside Act in 1981. An improved understanding of the attitudes of farmers and conservationists would help ensure the most appropriate measures are adopted to resolve or avoid such conflict. This research therefore compared the attitudes of farmers and conservationists in Bedfordshire in two pairs of surveys. In the first, free-ranging interviews were used to establish the range of opinions on farming and conservation held by the two groups. In the second, Fishbein and Ajzen's theory of reasoned action was used as the framework for a more detailed comparison of the differences in attitudes between the two communities. The correlation of attitudes and social pressures with farmers' behaviour was also explored for three conservation-related activities about which there was conflict: hedge management, pesticide use and straw disposal. The first survey revealed a complex matrix of shared, complementary and conflicting beliefs and values between and within the two communities. Examples of conflicting values included those concerning land ownership and freedom of individual action versus stewardship, and pride in an efficient, productive and tidy farm versus a wilder countryside. The second survey showed that while farmers agreed with conservationists about the advantages of conservation expressed in general terms, once decisions about specific farm practices were involved, attitudes to conservation and wildlife were far outweighed by attitudes to farming and business considerations. Social pressures on farmers from conservationists were minimal; the strongest social pressures came from within the farming community itself and these generally served to perpetuate the dominant farming values. Although the theory of reasoned action provided a valuable means of exploring the role of attitudes, social pressures and behaviour in the conflict, some limitations in the use of the model in these complex circumstances were found. In particular it did not allow a distinction to be made between self-interested and deeply held values; the recommended method of constructing and scoring a behaviourial index was inappropriate where value judgements were involved; and respondents experienced difficulty in distinguishing between beliefs and values when evaluative opinion statements were used. Some suggestions for overcoming these limitations are made.
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Broderick, Jane Tingle. "Divergent Planning." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4238.
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Duggan, Paul D. "Incorporating neighbohood [sic] social patterns into neighborhood planning models." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1193079805/.
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Gilbert, Anthony Patrick. "Social welfare : care planning and the politics of trust." Thesis, Open University, 2001. http://oro.open.ac.uk/18902/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis describes a study of power and power relations, which is developed through an exploration of the literature and professional discourse in an abductive research strategy The focus is provided by services for people with learning disabilities within one English County and the relationships that are produced within the processes that surround care planning. The study sets out to describe and to provide evidence for the proposition that welfare professionals and the organisations in which they are embedded set out to manufacture trust. This trust has a particular quality as it is impersonal and therefore does not require knowledge of any individual involved. At the same time this trust serves as a commodity within the competitive environment of welfare and it is contested - hence the politics of trust. The study defines trust as the reduction of complexity and the management of expectations. It uses a framework developed from the work of Michel Foucault and his followers’ relating to the relationship between power and discourse and the concept of governmentality. The study describes the local relations of power within which both organisations and the people to whom they provide services become fixed. At the same time it links a developing discourse of citizenship concerning people with learning disabilities with a discourse of trust that is articulated by professionals within organisations. However, organisations tend to promote sets of relationships between the individual and the community, which produce differing forms of citizenship dependent upon the discursive structure of the organisation. The existence of differing discursive structures between organisations is linked with Foucault’s description of the ‘orders of discourse’ that is then used to produce an organisational typology of three broad forms into which the range of organisations involved in the study are be placed. These are described as New Wave, Pragmatists and the Old Radicals and as each provides a different set of outcomes for service users they actively challenge the basis of the trust claimed by the other with the first category, New Wave, proving hegemonic. This implies that an understanding of the discursive structure of an organisation is essential to the understanding of power relations within a particular field of operations such as social welfare.
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Gilbert, Anthony Patrick. "Social welfare : care planning and the politics of trust." n.p, 2000. http://oro.open.ac.uk/18902.
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Munzner, Michele. "Health Literacy and Discharge Planning in Social Work Practice." ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7945.
Full textAbstract:
Low health literacy is a public health crisis, currently, there is limited research on social worker engagement with the low health literate patient. The research questions for this study examined health literacy knowledge in medical social workers and how their MSW curricula built their knowledge of health literacy. It also explored challenges that arise when discharge planning for patients with low health literacy. It also asked what social workers can do to aid patients with limited health literacy during the discharge planning process. This basic qualitative research study used criterion sampling and was informed by the socioecological model. Data collection used 2 focus groups of 12 medical social workers comprised of 11 females and 1 male. Data analysis occurred by categorizing the data then classifying the data into themes based on the research question. Key findings include: (a) social workers have a medium to high level of health literacy; (b) MSW curricula would benefit from health literacy knowledge; and (c) challenges occur in discharge planning with people with low health literacy that include overall knowledge and attitudes of health literacy, sociodemographic variables, and lack of preventative health. Recommendations include standardizing healthcare social worker roles and providing educational opportunities in MSW curricula on health literacy. Implications for social change include improved health outcomes, empowering individuals to take personal responsibility for their healthcare which in the long run can help them overcome chronic disease and other health related anomalies. Social change may be seen with hospital health literacy screening to reduce hospital readmissions decreasing individual healthcare costs and reduce societal healthcare costs.
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Brennan, Mark Emmanuel. "Social policy and operations management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/129047.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: Ph. D. in Policy, Operations, and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, September, 2020Cataloged from student-submitted PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
This dissertation strengthens planning and policy analysis by using concepts from operations management to examine production and distribution of goods and services for disadvantaged groups. Building on the introduction, chapter two tells a cautionary tale, investigating how scholars and decision makers used operations management methods to consider operations in planning and policy analysis in the 1970s in ways that further marginalized already vulnerable residents. The tools and concepts of operations management, however, if sufficiently framed by concerns about equity and advocacy, are powerful instruments in solving production and distribution problems with social consequences. Chapter three explores how these concepts can be used to descriptively identify disparities in access to goods and services by socio-economic status, examining the distribution of irrigation equipment in Senegal. The core question is about the allocation of risk and inventory across levels of a supply chain that extends far into Senegal's farming regions. Chapter four identifies how these concepts can be used to causally explain disparities, tracing policies and plans that aggregative or ameliorate them. It focuses on the main program that subsidizes affordable housing construction in the United States, a durable necessity that is unevenly available and exposed to environment risks across space. The core question is about patterns over space and time in building affordable housing stocks, relative to where and when disasters occur. Chapter five shows how these concepts can be used to prescriptively remedy disparities. It investigates quality risks in the US international food assistance supply chain in Eastern Africa. The core question is about what levers can be pulled in supply chain design to improve food aid quality. Chapter six concludes.
by Mark Emmanuel Brennan.
Ph. D. in Policy, Operations, and Management
Ph.D.inPolicy,Operations,andManagement Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning
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Reynolds, Erica J. "The relationship between HIV/AIDS infected mother's knowledge about permanency planning, and their planning for their children's future." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2001. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2339.
Full textAbstract:
This proposal examined the relationship between the knowledge of permanency planning among African American HIV/AIDS status parents, and parents' planning for their children's future in the case that they become terminally ill or die. Knowledge is defined as receiving some type of supportive service, where information was provided to the parent as well as assistance in beginning the process of permanency planning. The setting for this study was Jerusalem House and Sister Love, both agencies that work with The Aniz Program. The sample population consisted of 25 African American HIV/AIDS status women with children who reside at one of the facilities. The participants were required to complete a one shot post-test questionnaire that measured their knowledge and attitude about permanency planning for their children. The hypothesis is that providing HIV/AIDS status women with information about permanency planning will cause them to plan for their children early in their illness.
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Arteaga, Elisa. "Permanency Planning for Youth in Foster Care." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/692.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the efforts to shorten the time youth spend in foster care, every year about 37, 362 youths emancipate from the foster care system without reaching permanency. Permanency for foster youth has not received adequate attention from the child welfare community due to the belief that youths are unadoptable. Using a qualitative approach, this study will explore the social workers’ perceptions related to permanency planning for youth with behavior problems and/or juvenile involvement in foster care and analyze the influence of the social workers’ perception on permanency planning for these youths.
This research study found that social workers considered the mental health of youths as most important in considering placement and permanency options. They believe that reunifying the youths with their families of origin was the optimal permanency outcome. However, when this option was not available, they felt that placing the youths with extended family members or family friends under legal guardianship was a good permanency outcome. This study also found that most of the participants limited the youths’ permanency options to only those known family members or friends already named by the parents; they did not consider reinstating reunification services to the parents, reaching out to incarcerated parents, searching for maternal and paternal extended family, or searching for lost siblings. Implications for social work research and practice are discussed.
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Christelis, George Dimitri. "Automated norm synthesis in planning environments." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5730.
Full textAbstract:
Multiagent systems offer a design paradigm used to conceptualise and implement systems composed of autonomous agents. Autonomy facilitates proactive independent behaviour yet in practice agents are constrained in order to ensure the system satisfies a desired social objective. Explicit constraints on agent behaviour, in the form of social norms, encourage this desirable system behaviour, yet research has largely focused on norm representation languages and protocols for norm proposal and adoption. The fundamental problem of how to automate the process of norm synthesis has largely been overlooked with norms assumed provided by the designer. Previous work has shown that automating the design of social norms is intractable in the worst case. Existing approaches, relying on state space enumerations, are effective for small systems but impractical for larger ones. Furthermore, they do not produce a set of succinct, general norms but rather a large number of state-specific restrictions. This work presents conflict-rooted synthesis, an automated norm synthesis approach that utilises a planning-based action schemata to overcome these limitations. These action schemata facilitate localised searches around specifications of undesirable states, using representations of sets of system states to avoid a full state enumeration. The proposed technique produces concise, generalised social norms that are applicable in multiple system states while also providing guarantees that agents are still able to achieve their original goals in the constrained system. To improve efficiency a set of theoretically sound, domain-independent optimisations are presented that reduce the state space searched without compromising the quality of the norms synthesised. A comparison with an alternative model checking based technique illustrates the advantages and disadvantages of our approach, while an empirical evaluation highlights the improved efficiency and quality of norms it produces at the cost of a less expressive specification of undesirable states. We empirically investigate the effectiveness of each of the proposed optimisations using a set of benchmark domains, quantifying how successful each of them is at reducing search complexity in practice. The results show that, with all optimisations enabled, conflict-rooted synthesis produces more generally applicable and succinct norms and consumes fewer system resources. Additionally, we show that this approach synthesises norms in systems where the competing approach is intractable. We provide a discussion of our approach, highlighting the impact our abstract search approach has on the fields of multiagent systems and automated planning, and discuss the limitations and assumptions we have made. We conclude with a presentation of future work.
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Andris, Clio. "Metrics and methods for social distance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68882.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 171-189).
Distance measures are important for scientists because they illustrate the dynamics of geospatial topologies for physical and social processes. Two major types of distance are generally used for this purpose: Euclidean Distance measures the geodesic dispersion between fixed locations and Cost Distance characterizes the ease of travel between two places. This dissertation suggests that close inter-place ties may be an effect of human decisions and relationships and so embraces a third tier of distance, Social Distance, as the conceptual or physical connectivity between two places as measured by the relative or absolute frequency, volume or intensity of agent-based choices to travel, communicate or relate from one distinct place to another. In the spatial realm, Social Distance measures have not been widely developed, and since the concept is relatively new, Chapter 1 introduces and defines geo-contextual Social Distance, its operationalization, and its novelty. With similar intentions, Chapter 2 outlines the challenges facing the integration of social flow data into the Geographic Information community. The body of this dissertation consists of three separate case studies in Chapters 3, 4 and 5 whose common theme is the integration of Social Distance as models of social processes in geographic space. Each chapter addresses one aspect of this topic. Chapter 3 looks at a new visualization and classification method, called Weighted Radial Variation, for flow datasets. U.S. Migration data at the county level for 2008 is used for this case study. Chapter 4 discusses a new computational method for predicting geospatial interaction, based on social theory of trip chaining and communication. U.S. Flight, Trip and Migration data for the years 1995-2008 are used in this study. Chapter 5 presents the results of the tandem analysis for social networks and geographic clustering. Roll call vote data for the U.S. House of Representatives in the 111th Congress are used to create a social network, which is then analyzed with regards to the geographic districts of each congressperson.
by Clio Andris.
Ph.D.
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Campbell, Cassandria (Carla Cassandria). "The social cost of low wages." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66876.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2011.No page 1. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-62).
Introduction: Living wage ordinances require city-contracted firms to pay their workers a wage that is set above the state's minimum wage. The first ordinance was implemented in Baltimore in 1994, in recognition that workers earning close to the minimum wage do not earn enough to be able to meet their basic needs and support their families. Community leaders in Baltimore began a living wage campaign to place pressure on firms to pay higher wages. They focused their efforts on city-contracted firms as they believed that firms receiving taxpayer dollars should be held accountable to the public. Since the enactment of Baltimore's Living Wage ordinance, over 120 municipalities across the United States have also implemented ordinances with the goal of reducing poverty levels. The economic impact of living wage laws is still not completely understood which has lead to the emergence of a field of living wage research. Living wage studies have primarily focused on the affects of living wage laws on economic indicators such as employment levels, wages, poverty rates, prices and business growth. To capture the affects of ordinances, researchers typically examine how firms and workers affected by living wage laws have faired compared to those who are unaffected. Other studies attempt to contrast the experiences of workers and employers within a city before and after an ordinance is implemented. However, there has been limited research on how low wages impact workers and have ripple affects on the economy. Although it is generally accepted that low wages can lead to higher poverty rates and can have adverse impacts on families and communities, these affects are not often measured in substantive ways. Developing research methods that lead to more concrete measurements of how families and communities are affected by low wages, can strengthen the living wage movement and help policymakers design more effective anti-poverty and living wage laws. Additionally, measuring the cost of supporting poor working families through the use of public subsidies can serve to measure the magnitude of externalities. The purpose of this thesis is to expand the analytical scope of living wage research by illustrating the importance of analyzing the effects of low wages on families and taxpayers. To accomplish this, I conduct a qualitative study of two poor working families to depict how their lives are impacted by low wages. I then discuss how data on working families using public subsidies can be collected and reported for the purposes of living wage research. It is important to note that the research presented in this report is not necessarily intended to advocate for living wage laws but to strengthen and expand the scope of living wage research so that living wage laws can be more accurately evaluated. Overview of Chapters: -- In chapter one, I first explain the Boston Living Wage Ordinance in order to provide an example of the policy structure of living wage ordinances. Additionally, I discuss the scope of living wage studies and discuss the importance of measuring externalities. -- The second chapter explains the methodological approach that was used to select participants and conduct interviews. -- The third chapter describes who are Boston's low wage workers and the role they play in the economy and the occupations and industries that are most affected by low wages. -- Chapter four provides a summary of the qualitative study conducted with two low wage workers and how they manage to support their families on a limited income. -- In chapter five, an in-depth analysis of their budget is conducted to determine the costs of the public subsidies they use and how they manage to reduce their household expenditures. -- The sixth chapter discusses how researchers and administer of public subsidies can better track and report data that demonstrates the magnitude of worker dependency on public subsidies and its implication for tax payers. -- The final chapter focuses on key findings of this study and recommendations for the future.
by Cassandria Campbell.
M.C.P.
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Butler, Christopher, and n/a. "Law and the Social Production of Space." Griffith University. Griffith Law School, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040521.141805.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates the relationship between law and space by focusing on the role of the land-use planning system in producing the space of Australian urban regions. The primary aim of the project is to demonstrate the significance of the theoretical and sociological framework of Henri Lefebvre for an emerging field of socio-legal studies concerned with the relationship between law and geography. To this point very few contributions to this field have considered the theoretical connections between law and space in any depth. This thesis demonstrates how Lefebvre's sophisticated theory of the socially produced nature of space can broaden the scope of 'law and geography' research. It does so through a detailed survey of Lefebvre's work and a deployment of his ideas in a series of inquiries into the production of space in Australia. This endeavour is pursued in two stages. Part I of the thesis begins by examining how explanatory models within the social sciences have become increasingly concerned with the spatial dimensions of social life. This 'spatial turn' is reflected in a small, but growing literature within socio-legal studies which focuses on the interdisciplinary connections between law and geography. However the theoretical foundations of this field remain underdeveloped. Through an analysis of Lefebvre's writings, this thesis identifies an anti-reductionist methodological approach to space and its social production. This is used to establish a theoretical framework for the study of the spatial dimensions of law. Part II of the thesis uses this framework to address two questions about the law-space relationship. The first of these is concerned with how law is involved in the production of space. This is considered through three linked studies of the production, planning and legal regulation of space. The starting point for this investigation is the geographical site of suburbia. Lefebvrean categories are used to redescribe Australian suburbia as a form of abstract space - simultaneously fragmented, homogeneous and hierarchically organised. The thesis then argues that the land-use planning system in the post-war decades played a significant role in the development of this form of settlement space, by adhering to a form of bureaucratic thinking that Lefebvre characterises as the rationality of habitat. This rationality embodied technocratic functionalism, a visualised formalism and a structural imposition of expert authority in planning decision-making. With the shift to a neoliberal state form in the last two decades, there have been significant changes to spatial planning. Through an analysis and critique of the Integrated Planning Act 1997 (Qld), it is demonstrated that under neoliberalism there has been a reformulation of the rationality of habitat. In particular, the Integrated Planning Act relies on two new formal strategies, the exchange form and the integrative form, in instituting its changes to planning practice. The exchange form abolishes the technique of land-use 'zoning' and increases the use of market mechanisms in the designation of spatial uses. The integrative form restructures the relationships between local and State government agencies and attempts to channel most forms of public participation into the early stages of policy formation. This thesis argues that rather than changing the spatial outcomes of land-use planning, by commodifying space and restructuring the hierarchies of state decision-making, the Integrated Planning Act will continue to reproduce the social relations of abstract space. The second question in Part II deals with how Lefebvre's ideas can contribute to critical thinking about public law in general. It is argued that while law plays a significant role as a producer of space through the planning system, processes of spatial production also shape and structure state institutions. Two areas of research which could benefit from a Lefebvrean theoretical framework are identified. The first area concerns explanations of the effects on public law of the reterritorialised state form that has emerged under neoliberalism. The second is the renewal of critical theory in public law. In particular, the thesis makes the case that the spatial contradiction between the use and exchange values that are attached to space, challenges the normative orthodoxy within public law scholarship which relies on the values of participation and accountability. This thesis contributes to socio-legal research in three important ways. Firstly, it uses Lefebvre's theoretical approach to develop a critical planning law, linking state planning to the process of the production of space. Secondly, the thesis uses Lefebvrean categories to link the study of public law to political struggles which surround spatial production. It suggests a new way for critical legal scholarship to conceptualise public law in terms of the relationship between state power and the inhabitance of space. Lastly, these inquiries demonstrate the importance and relevance of Lefebvre's social theory for the discipline of socio-legal studies. By grounding the concept of 'space' in material processes of production, a Lefebvrean approach provides an alternative to existing theoretical accounts within law and geography research and will deepen our understanding of the relationships between legal and spatial relations.
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Butler, Christopher. "Law and the Social Production of Space." Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366870.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates the relationship between law and space by focusing on the role of the land-use planning system in producing the space of Australian urban regions. The primary aim of the project is to demonstrate the significance of the theoretical and sociological framework of Henri Lefebvre for an emerging field of socio-legal studies concerned with the relationship between law and geography. To this point very few contributions to this field have considered the theoretical connections between law and space in any depth. This thesis demonstrates how Lefebvre's sophisticated theory of the socially produced nature of space can broaden the scope of 'law and geography' research. It does so through a detailed survey of Lefebvre's work and a deployment of his ideas in a series of inquiries into the production of space in Australia. This endeavour is pursued in two stages. Part I of the thesis begins by examining how explanatory models within the social sciences have become increasingly concerned with the spatial dimensions of social life. This 'spatial turn' is reflected in a small, but growing literature within socio-legal studies which focuses on the interdisciplinary connections between law and geography. However the theoretical foundations of this field remain underdeveloped. Through an analysis of Lefebvre's writings, this thesis identifies an anti-reductionist methodological approach to space and its social production. This is used to establish a theoretical framework for the study of the spatial dimensions of law. Part II of the thesis uses this framework to address two questions about the law-space relationship. The first of these is concerned with how law is involved in the production of space. This is considered through three linked studies of the production, planning and legal regulation of space. The starting point for this investigation is the geographical site of suburbia. Lefebvrean categories are used to redescribe Australian suburbia as a form of abstract space - simultaneously fragmented, homogeneous and hierarchically organised. The thesis then argues that the land-use planning system in the post-war decades played a significant role in the development of this form of settlement space, by adhering to a form of bureaucratic thinking that Lefebvre characterises as the rationality of habitat. This rationality embodied technocratic functionalism, a visualised formalism and a structural imposition of expert authority in planning decision-making. With the shift to a neoliberal state form in the last two decades, there have been significant changes to spatial planning. Through an analysis and critique of the Integrated Planning Act 1997 (Qld), it is demonstrated that under neoliberalism there has been a reformulation of the rationality of habitat. In particular, the Integrated Planning Act relies on two new formal strategies, the exchange form and the integrative form, in instituting its changes to planning practice. The exchange form abolishes the technique of land-use 'zoning' and increases the use of market mechanisms in the designation of spatial uses. The integrative form restructures the relationships between local and State government agencies and attempts to channel most forms of public participation into the early stages of policy formation. This thesis argues that rather than changing the spatial outcomes of land-use planning, by commodifying space and restructuring the hierarchies of state decision-making, the Integrated Planning Act will continue to reproduce the social relations of abstract space. The second question in Part II deals with how Lefebvre's ideas can contribute to critical thinking about public law in general. It is argued that while law plays a significant role as a producer of space through the planning system, processes of spatial production also shape and structure state institutions. Two areas of research which could benefit from a Lefebvrean theoretical framework are identified. The first area concerns explanations of the effects on public law of the reterritorialised state form that has emerged under neoliberalism. The second is the renewal of critical theory in public law. In particular, the thesis makes the case that the spatial contradiction between the use and exchange values that are attached to space, challenges the normative orthodoxy within public law scholarship which relies on the values of participation and accountability. This thesis contributes to socio-legal research in three important ways. Firstly, it uses Lefebvre's theoretical approach to develop a critical planning law, linking state planning to the process of the production of space. Secondly, the thesis uses Lefebvrean categories to link the study of public law to political struggles which surround spatial production. It suggests a new way for critical legal scholarship to conceptualise public law in terms of the relationship between state power and the inhabitance of space. Lastly, these inquiries demonstrate the importance and relevance of Lefebvre's social theory for the discipline of socio-legal studies. By grounding the concept of 'space' in material processes of production, a Lefebvrean approach provides an alternative to existing theoretical accounts within law and geography research and will deepen our understanding of the relationships between legal and spatial relations.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Law School
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Wikström, Anna. "The Challenge of Change: Planning for social urban resilience. : An analysis of contemporary planning aims and practices." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-91920.
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Recent research has shown that the main challenge regarding urban resilience planning is to broaden the views and go beyond resilience in relation to climate change, and incorporate other important societal aspects. The aim of this thesis is therefor to analyse contemporary planning aims and practices relating to the adaptation and resilience of urban social change. How and to what extent is social change aspects incorporated within the aims and practices of contemporary planning for urban resilience? What means are needed to bridge the gap between urban resilience planning for environmental change and social change? The method used is a textual analysis of five case studies; three international and two Swedish studies, which results in a comparative and theme based analytical matrix. The main findings show that urban resilience is still dominated by its environmental change aspects, and that social urban resilience is not yet a commonly used phrase within contemporary urban planning. By adapting some of the approaches used within environmental urban resilience when planning for social changes however, cities will be more resilient and be able to better identify, adapt to and improve the changing social patterns such as demographic changes and social exclusion.
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Yeung, Chi-hung Wallace. "Urban spine in Wanchai : a social collector / connector /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25955342.
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Lima, Jose Julio Ferreira. "Regulatory instruments and urban form : searching for social equity in Belem, Brazil." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325436.
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