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1

1946-, Salsgiver Richard O., ed. Disability: A diversity model approach in human service practice. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Pub. Co., 1999.

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2

1946-, Salsgiver Richard O., ed. Disability: A diversity model approach in human service practice. 2nd ed. Chicago: Lyceum Books, 2009.

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3

Kwiotek, Rita G. The need for a disability equality model: A new critical theoretical approach to disability. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1999.

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4

Haveman, Robert H. Behavioral responses to Social Security retrenchment: Estimates from a trichotomous choice model. [Madison]: University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1985.

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1948-, Swain John, ed. Disabled people, health and social care: A social model for inter-agency working. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.

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6

Golosov, Mikhail. Designing optimal disability insurance. [Minneapolis, MN]: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, Research Dept., 2003.

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7

G, Marsden Alan. Managing change in services for people with a learning disability: An investigation to determine the likely extent to which the Eastern Health and Social Services Board will achieve change through its implementation of : the model of community based services for people with learning disabilities. (s.l: The Author), 1998.

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8

Börsch-Supan, Axel. Incentive effects of social security under an uncertain disability option. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999.

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9

Golosov, Mikhail. Designing optimal disability insurance: A case for asset testing. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2004.

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10

Wolfgang, Peters. Theorie der Renten- und Invaliditätsversicherung. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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11

Leimer, Dean R. Historical redistribution under the social security old-age and survivors insurance program and disability insurance programs. Washington, DC: Social Security Administration, Office of Policy, Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, 2004.

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12

Office, General Accounting. Social Security reform: Analysis of reform models developed by the President's Commission to Strengthen Social Security : report to Chairman, Senate Special Committee on Aging, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: The Office, 2003.

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13

Chatterji, Pinka. Health and labor market consequences of eliminating federal disability benefits for substance abusers. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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14

Chatterji, Pinka. Health and labor market consequences of eliminating federal disability benefits for substance abusers. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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15

social model of Disability. Stationery Office, The, 2009.

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16

Dawn, Ranjita. Social Model of Disability in India. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.

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17

1946-, Barnes Colin, and Mercer Geof, eds. Disability policy and practice: Applying the social model. Leeds: Disability Press, 2004.

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18

1946-, Barnes Colin, and Mercer G, eds. The social model of disability: Europe and the majority world. Leeds: Disability Press, 2005.

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19

1946-, Barnes Colin, and Mercer G, eds. Implementing the social model of disability: Theory and research. Leeds: Disability Press, 2004.

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20

Jianting, Hu, and United States. Social Security Administration. Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, eds. A structural model of Social Security's disability determination process. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Resources, Social Security Administration, Office of Research, Evaluation and Statistics, 1997.

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21

Mackelprang, Romel W., and Richard O. Salsgiver. Disability: A Diversity Model Approach in Human Service Practice. Wadsworth Publishing, 1998.

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22

Salsgiver, Richard O., and Romel W. Mackelprang. Disability: A Diversity Model Approach in Human Service Practice. Oxford University Press, 2009.

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23

Disability: A Diversity Model Approach in Human Service Practice. Lyceum Books, 2015.

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24

Martin, Jeffrey J. Models of Disability. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190638054.003.0003.

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The purpose of this chapter is to describe the different models of disability to help sport and exercise psychology researchers understand the various philosophical and psychological perspectives embedded in each model. First examined is the medical model and how it frames disability as a personal flaw and a medical condition that needs fixing. The social model follows, which suggests that while people might have an impairment it is the physical and social environment that causes disability. The third model discussed is the social-relational model, which acknowledges that people’s physical impairment, the built environment, and other people’s attitudes can all influence the experience of disability. In the tragedy model, people have the cultural viewpoint that having an impairment is tragic, that people with disabilities have a poor quality of life and should be pitied. Finally, the affirmation model repudiates the tragedy model and suggests that having a disability, while challenging, is often embraced and can result in benefits. The strengths and weaknesses of all models are discussed and examples of disability sport psychology research are used to illustrate the models.
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25

Disability: A Diversity Model Approach in Human Service Practice. Oxford University Press, Incorporated, 2021.

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26

Social Model of Disability in India: Politics of Identity and Power. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.

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27

Dawn, Ranjita. Social Model of Disability in India: Politics of Identity and Power. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.

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28

Dawn, Ranjita. Social Model of Disability in India: Politics of Identity and Power. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.

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29

Bakan, Michael B. Toward an Ethnographic Model of Disability in the Ethnomusicology of Autism. Edited by Blake Howe, Stephanie Jensen-Moulton, Neil Lerner, and Joseph Straus. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199331444.013.2.

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This essay proposes an ethnographic model of disability in contradistinction to existing social and medical models. Building from an ethnomusicological study of the Artism Ensemble, a neurodiverse music performance collective comprising children on the autism spectrum, their coparticipating parents, and professional musicians of diverse musicultural lineage, it discusses issues of autistic self-advocacy, Disability Studies and rights, the anthropology of autism, and epistemological and pragmatic debates and consequences of competing autism discourses and philosophies. The essay argues that musical projects like Artism hold the capacity to contribute productively and meaningfully to the causes of autistic self-advocacy and quality of life, transforming public perceptions of autism from the customary tropes of deficit and disorder to alternate visions of wholeness, ability, and acceptance. Artism is also addressed from a critical vantage point that demonstrates its partial entrenchment in some of the very same negating constructs it ostensibly resists and defies.
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30

Dubin, Jon C. Social Security Disability Law and the American Labor Market. NYU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479811014.001.0001.

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This book examines how the Social Security Administration determines eligibility for disability benefits based on ability to make work adjustments to jobs in the economy. It examines program history and the agency’s complex adjudicatory processes, as well as the federal judicial framework, through analysis of the SSA’s use of the administrative notice doctrine and vocational expert testimony, including its development and use of unique “grid” regulations with predetermined medical-vocational conclusions and rules upon which to base work adjustment assessments. It explores why that system is broken and based on antiquated assumptions and obsolete empiricism and taxonomies. It examines transformation from a goods-producing to a service-providing economy and other significant labor market changes since inception, such as automation, globalization, and robotics, which have constricted the low-skill job market that SSA disability claimants typically encounter. It challenges the former SSA Deputy Disability Policy Commissioner’s proposal to eliminate vocational factors in work adjustment assessments and use only medical factors, which would have the greatest deleterious impact on Black, Latinx, and the lowest-income claimants, who often lack access to quality health care and regular medical treatment. It further challenges assumptions animating pursuit of more restrictive disability standards, including: trust fund insolvency; disability prevalence; standard leniency, including in global comparisons; fraud; and adjudicators’ claimant-favorable impartiality against the agency—as opposed to claimant-hostile and racially disparate decision-making. After evaluating restrictive proposals such as a revived Reagan administration proposal and proposals influenced by the 1996 welfare reform legislation’s “work first” model, as well as an inclusive one to adopt a European-style occupational standard, the books concludes with recommendations to fix the current process.
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31

Halpern, Janice, and Jerry Hausman. Choice Under Uncertainty: A Model of Applications for the Social Security Disability Insurance Program (Working Paper, No 1690). National Bureau of Economic, 1985.

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32

Advocacy, Wisconsin Coalition for, and United States. Administration on Aging, eds. Change through action: A model training package for empowering consumers in the aging and disability communities. Madison, WI (16 N. Carroll St., Ste. 400, Madison 53703): Wisconsin Coalition for Advocacy, 1996.

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33

Budimirovic, Dejan B., and Megha Subramanian. Neurobiology of Autism and Intellectual Disability. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0052.

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Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests with a range of cognitive, behavioral, and social impairments. It is a monogenetic disease caused by silencing of the FMR1 gene, in contrast to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that is a behaviorally-defined set of complex disorders. Because ASD is a major and growing public health concern, current research is focused on identifying common therapeutic targets among patients with different molecular etiologies. Due to the prevalence of ASD in FXS and its shared neurophysiology with ASD, FXS has been extensively studied as a model for ASD. Studies in the animal models have provided breakthrough insights into the pathophysiology of FXS that have led to novel therapeutic targets for its core deficits (e.g., mGluR theory of fragile X). Yet recent clinical trials of both GABA-B agonist and mGluR5 antagonist revealed a lack of specific and sensitive outcome measures capturing the full range of improvements of patients with FXS. Recent research shows promise for the mapping of the multitude of genetic variants in ASD onto shared pathways with FXS. Nonetheless, in light of the huge level of locus heterogeneity in ASD, further effort in finding convergence in specific molecular pathways and reliable biomarkers is required in order to perform targeted treatment trials with sufficient sample size. This chapter focuses on the neurobehavioral phenotype caused by a full-mutation of the FMR1 gene, namely FXS, and the neurobiology of this disorder of relevance to the targeted molecular treatments of its core symptoms.
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34

Grischow, Jeff. Disability and Work in British West Africa. Edited by Michael Rembis, Catherine Kudlick, and Kim E. Nielsen. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190234959.013.13.

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World War II significantly affected the development of disability programs in British West Africa during the late colonial period. Beginning in the early 1940s, Britain’s Colonial Office worked with the West African governors to develop rehabilitation programs for disabled African veterans. In Britain, rehabilitation for disabled veterans took the form of social orthopedics, which equated citizenship with the ability to work; British programs therefore prioritized reintegration into the workforce as the main goal of rehabilitation. The colonial programs attempted to transfer the social orthopedics program to Africa. The project failed because the African veterans did not want to be remade into productive workers on the Western/capitalist model. However, it did produce two lasting legacies: the creation of a network of Disabled People’s Organizations during the 1950s and 1960s, and the development of a successful onchocerciasis control program between 1974 and 2002.
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35

Sappok, Tanja, Sabine Zepperitz, and Mark Hudson. Meeting Emotional Needs in Intellectual Disability: The Developmental Approach. Hogrefe Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/00589-000.

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Using a developmental perspective, the authors offer a new, integrated model for supporting people with intellectual disability (ID). This concept builds upon recent advances in attachment-informed approaches, by drawing upon a broader understanding of the social, emotional, and cognitive competencies of people with ID, which is grounded in developmental neuroscience and psychology. The book explores in detail how challenging behaviour and mental health difficulties in people with ID arise when their basic emotional needs are not being met by those in the environment. Using individually tailored interventions, which complement existing models of care, practitioners can help to facilitate maturational processes and reduce behavior that is challenging to others. As a result, the ‘fit’ of a person within his or her individual environment can be improved. Case examples throughout the book illuminate how this approach works by targeting interventions towards the person’s stage of emotional development. This book will be of interest to a wide range of professionals working with people with ID, including: clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, occupational therapists, learning disability nurses, speech and language therapists, and teachers in special education settings, as well as parents and caregivers.
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36

de Beco, Gauthier. Disability in International Human Rights Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824503.001.0001.

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This book examines what international human rights law has gained from the new elements in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons (CRPD). It explores how the CRPD is intricately bound up with other international instruments by studying the relationship between the Convention rights and those protected by other human rights treaties as well as the overall objectives of the UN. Using a social model lens on disability, the book shows how the Convention sheds new light on the very notion of human rights. In order to so, the book provides a theoretical framework which explicitly integrates disability into international human rights law. It explains how the CRPD challenges the legal subject by drawing attention to distinct forms of embodiment, before introducing the idea of the ‘dis-abled subject’ stemming from a recognition that all individuals encounter disability-related issues in the course of their lives. The book also examines how to apply this theoretical framework to a number of rights and highlights the consequences for the implementation of human rights treaties as a whole. It not only builds upon available literature straddling different fields, which include disability studies and legal and political theory, but also draws upon the recommendations of treaty bodies and reports of UN agencies as well as disabled people’s organisations. The book provides an agenda-setting analysis for all human rights experts by inviting them to appreciate the benefits of placing disabled people at the heart of international human rights law.
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37

Hogan, Brian. “They Say We Exchanged Our Eyes for the Xylophone”. Edited by Blake Howe, Stephanie Jensen-Moulton, Neil Lerner, and Joseph Straus. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199331444.013.6.

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The funeral xylophone tradition of the Birifor people of Northwest Ghana is renowned across the West African hinterland for its musical artistry, cultural histories, surrogated song texts, and symbolic meaning. The Northwest as a whole has a historically high incidence of blindness, motivating a range of interpretations of visual impairment as disability. In rural Birifor communities, the music, bodies, and ability of blind xylophonists are filtered through a cultural ideology of ability that hijacks social conceptions of disability as biological deviance, and manufactures disability as spiritual deviance. This reveals a spiritual model of disability, which together with the mystical aspects of musicianship in Birifor culture, leads to a compound form of subordination for blind musicians. Against this culturally pervasive ableism, blind Birifor xylophonists compose and perform “enemy music” as an act of resistance, contestation, and catharsis that recasts disability as a lived reality and reframes the true locations of disability.
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38

Turner, David M. Picturing Disability in Eighteenth-Century England. Edited by Michael Rembis, Catherine Kudlick, and Kim E. Nielsen. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190234959.013.20.

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The eighteenth century is often seen as a time when disability became increasingly marginalized in visual culture. However, a glimpse beyond the classical tastes of “high” art reveals not a disappearance but a flourishing of representations of physical and sensory difference. Eighteenth-century popular art and satirical prints examined the disabled body not just as a symbol of misfortune or target for medical intervention, but also as a source of pleasure or an object of satire that conveyed wider messages about the times. A rich and varied range of pictorial representations of disability in the long eighteenth century (ca. 1680–ca. 1830) contributed to social, cultural, and medical understandings of bodily difference in English culture. People with disabilities played important roles as artists, models, and critics in an era before modern “disability arts.”
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39

Jensen-Moulton, Stephanie. “Defamiliarizing the Familiar”. Edited by Blake Howe, Stephanie Jensen-Moulton, Neil Lerner, and Joseph Straus. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199331444.013.13.

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Michael Nyman’s 1986 operaThe Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, with a libretto based on Oliver Sacks’s “clinical tale” of the same title, functions as a meta-opera at several levels: it is a book within an opera, a neurological case study within an opera, and an ongoing internal song recital within an opera. Most of all, it is a clinical tale—the only narrative medicine opera in the modern operatic repertoire. This essay draws connections between Nyman’s opera—a staged musical work based on one doctor’s subjective experience diagnosing a unique pathology—and a socially constructed model of disability. Nyman’s opera and subsequent scholarship on the piece would seem to humanize disability through the guise of narrative medical practice; but, actually, the medical model, with all its potential for devastation, remains in place throughout.
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40

Strakowski, Stephen, ed. The Bipolar Brain. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197574522.001.0001.

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Bipolar disorder is the 6th leading cause of disability worldwide and causes substantial morbidity and mortality among its sufferers. The estimated costs of bipolar disorder are enormous, approaching $50 billion annually in the United States alone. The societal and personal suffering caused by this condition is immeasurable. Nonetheless, despite its public health significance, bipolar disorder remains difficult to diagnosis and complicated to manage. A major factor contributing to these difficulties is that there is no established neurophysiological model for bipolar disorder. Such a model might provide objective measures for diagnosis, as well as physiological parameters to monitor and predict treatment response. Since the first edition of this text, neuroimaging and genetic techniques continue to advance new leads toward clarifying the neurophysiological basis of bipolar illness. In the absence of meaningful animal models of this uniquely human condition, neuroimaging has truly revolutionized the study of bipolar disorder. Moreover, because bipolar disorder is clearly familial, genetic studies are critical to define the complex molecular basis of the condition. Consequently, we are at a point in which integration of neuroimaging and genetic findings is possible and may position us to identify these very neurophysiological models needed to support the next generation of research. The goal of this 2nd edition is to provide an updated review of neuroimaging and genetic research in bipolar disorder to provide a model of illness that might inform future studies. We hope that the reader finds it useful.
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41

Atrey, Shreya. India. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786627.003.0007.

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This chapter provides an expository account of Indian appellate courts’ engagement with the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and the developing case law on disability rights. As a dualist State, India has ratified but not incorporated the CRPD into its domestic law. This has not deterred frequent references to the CRPD in litigation at the highest level. The appellate courts—High Courts and the Supreme Court—have resorted to the CRPD in diverse ways. The analysis of the small but not insignificant body of case law shows that these instances can be classified into two broad themes of ‘citation’ and ‘interpretation’. In the final analysis, the overall impact of references to the CRPD can be considered largely positive but still modest in the absence of new legislation embracing the human rights framework and social model of the CRPD in India.
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42

Andersen, Jørgen Goul, Mi Ah Schoyen, and Bjørn Hvinden. Changing Scandinavian Welfare States. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790266.003.0005.

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The Scandinavian welfare model is characterized by high spending, strong universal public services, high social investment, and relatively high equality in gender roles. The three main Scandinavian countries (Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) have successfully reformed their welfare systems to contain costs and manage population ageing. They have reformed unemployment and disability benefits to increase labour force participation and have cut spending on activation, although it remains relatively high. They have maintained strong employment levels. There are real differences in development pathways: Denmark has experienced the most stringent financial pressures, has cut spending, and moved towards work-first benefits most strongly; oil revenues have sustained the tax base in Norway and permitted the country to make relatively few changes; Sweden has cut the rates of unemployment benefits sharply and moved furthest in expanding the private-market delivery of services. Immigration is a major political challenge in Denmark and is emerging as such in Norway, but not in Sweden.
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43

Tilley, Heather, and Jan Eric Olsén. Touching Blind Bodies: A Critical Inquiry into Pedagogical and Cultural Constructions of Visual Disability in the Nineteenth Century. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474400046.003.0014.

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Changing ideas on the nature of and relationship between the senses in nineteenth-century Europe constructed blindness as a disability in often complex ways. The loss or absence of sight was disabling in this period, given vision’s celebrated status, and visually impaired people faced particular social and educational challenges as well as cultural stereotyping as poor, pitiable and intellectually impaired. However, the experience of blind people also came to challenge received ideas that the visual was the privileged mode of accessing information about the world, and contributed to an increasingly complex understanding of the tactile sense. In this chapter, we consider how changing theories of the senses helped shape competing narratives of identity for visually impaired people in the nineteenth century, opening up new possibilities for the embodied experience of blind people by impressing their sensory ability, rather than lack thereof. We focus on a theme that held particular social and cultural interest in nineteenth-century accounts of blindness: travel and geography.
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44

Hingston, Kylee-Anne. Articulating Bodies. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789620757.001.0001.

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Articulating Bodies investigates the contemporaneous developments of Victorian fiction and disability’s medicalization by focusing on the intersection between narrative form and the body. The book examines texts from across the century, from Frederic Shoberl’s 1833 English translation of Victor Hugo’s Notre-Dame de Paris (1831) to Arthur Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes story “The Adventure of the Crooked Man” (1893), covering genres that typically relied upon disabled or diseased characters. By tracing the patterns of focalization and narrative structure across six decades of the nineteenth century and across six genres, Articulating Bodies shows the mutability of the Victorians’ understanding of the human body’s centrality to identity—an understanding made mutable by changes in science, technology, religion, and class. It also demonstrates how that understanding changed along with developing narrative styles: as disability became increasingly medicalized and the soul increasingly psychologized, the mode of looking at deviant bodies shifted from gaping at spectacle to scrutinizing specimen, and the shape of narratives evolved from lengthy multiple-plot novels to slim case studies. Moreover, the book illustrates that, despite this overall linear movement from spectacle to specimen in literature and culture, individual texts consistently reveal ambivalence about categorizing the body, positioning some bodies as abnormally deviant while also denying the reality or stability of normalcy. Bodies in Victorian fiction never remain stable entities, in spite of narrative drives and the social, medical, or scientific discourses that attempted to control and understand them.
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45

Obinger, Herbert. War Preparation, Warfare, and the Welfare State in Austria. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779599.003.0003.

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This chapter shows that war preparation and particularly the two world wars have left a strong and lasting imprint on the Austrian welfare state. First, war and war preparation are important factors for understanding the timing of programme adoption. Second, the economic and social repercussions of war strongly affected the public–private mix and financing mode of the welfare state. Third, welfare provision to the victims of wars had a strong impact on the social spending/GDP ratio that only gradually petered out. Fourth, social provision for the victims of war was a harbinger of modern social policies as it informed innovations in (civilian) disability policies, active labour market policy, and long-term care. Finally, war drastically altered the political context in a way that has allowed the welfare state to flourish in the post-war period (via e.g. democratization, a changed distribution of power resources, corporatism and consensus democracy, and centralization of government).
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46

Kaufman, Scott Barry, ed. Twice Exceptional. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190645472.001.0001.

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This book is dedicated to supporting children who simultaneously have areas of giftedness (i.e., have exceptional capacities, competencies, creativity, and commitments) while also having exceptional disability. So many of these “twice exceptional” (2e) kids are falling between the cracks in an educational environment that does not nurture and support all different kinds of learners and innovators and does not help them truly realize their potentialities as a whole person. The book, written by experts in the field, covers an array of cutting-edge, evidence-based issues and approaches dealing with twice exceptional students, including identification, advocacy, collaborative partnership with families, special populations (including autism, dyslexia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), cultural diversity, social-emotional development, and models of programs designed explicitly to support twice exceptional children. While the focus of this volume is on the unique learning and social-emotional needs of this population, the methods and scientific findings presented in this volume are applicable to bringing out the best in all students.
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47

Schaffer, Talia. Communities of Care. Princeton University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691199634.001.0001.

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This book explores Victorian fictional representations of care communities, small voluntary groups that coalesce around someone in need. Drawing lessons from Victorian sociality, the book proposes a theory of communal care and a mode of critical reading centered on an ethics of care. In the Victorian era, medical science offered little hope for cure of illness or disability, and chronic invalidism and lengthy convalescences were common. Small communities might gather around afflicted individuals to minister to their needs and palliate their suffering. The book examines these groups in the novels of Jane Austen, Charlotte Brontë, Charles Dickens, George Eliot, Henry James, and Charlotte Yonge, and studies the relationships that they exemplify. How do carers become part of the community? How do they negotiate status? How do caring emotions develop? And what does it mean to think of care as an activity rather than a feeling? Contrasting the Victorian emphasis on community and social structure with modern individualism and interiority, the book takes us closer to the worldview from which these novels emerged. It also considers the ways in which these models of carework could inform and improve practice in criticism, in teaching, and in our daily lives. Through the lens of care, the book discovers a vital form of communal relationship in the Victorian novel. It also demonstrates that literary criticism done well is the best care that scholars can give to texts.
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48

Qiong Yu, Sabrina, and Guy Austin, eds. Revisiting Star Studies. Edinburgh University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474404310.001.0001.

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This collection revisits star studies with themes and methods from the latest international research into stardom and fandom across the globe. It challenges the Hollywood-centrism in star studies by presenting new angles and models, and raises important questions about image, performance, gender, sexuality, race, fandom, social media, globalisation, and translocal stardom. This volume seeks to expand the notion of stardom that is traditionally associated with glamour and desirability to include less glamourous, more troubling stardom (e.g. ageing stars, ‘crip’ stars), or previously unacknowledged stardom (e.g. porn stars, animal stars). It also aims to expand star studies to a wider range of critical disciplines by engaging with performance studies, genre studies, sound studies, disability studies, animal studies and so on. From Hollywood to Bollywood, from China to Spain, and from Poland to Mexico, this collection revisits the definitions of stars and star studies that have been previously based on the study of Hollywood stardom, and points the way forward to new ways of approaching the field.
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49

López, Marissa K. Racial Immanence. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479807727.001.0001.

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Racial Immanence is about how and why artists use the body in contemporary Chicanx cultural production. The book explores disease, disability, abjection, and sense experience in Chicanx visual, verbal, and performing arts from the late 1980s to the early 1990s in order to ask whether it is possible to think of race as something other than a human quality. This attention to the body is a way to push back against two distinct modes of identity politics: first, the desire for art to perform or embody an idealized abstraction of oppositional ethnicity; and second, the neoliberal commodification of identity in the service of better managing difference and dissent. While these two modes seem mutually exclusive, the resistance the artists in Racial Immanence exert toward both suggests a core similarity. By contrast, the cultural objects examined in the book assert human bodies as processes, as agents of change in the world rather than as objects to be known and managed. Within Chicanx cultural production the author locates an articulation of bodily philosophies that challenge the subject/object dualism leading to a global politics of dominance and submission. Instead, she argues, Chicanx cultural production fosters networks of connection that deepen human attachment to the material world, a phenomenon the author terms “racial immanence” that creates the possibility of progressive social change.
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Unpaid Health Care Work: A Gender Equality Perspective. Pan American Health Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275122310.

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A debate on public goods is urgently needed in health care. Care must be recognized as a social function, as an occupation and, at the same time, as a human right—which imposes binding obligations to comply with precise standards of quality, quantity, suitability, adaptability, and accessibility, among others. It is a complex and invisible task, that may be done as part of a medical treatment, post-surgical recovery process, or permanent support in cases of chronic illness, disability, or mental health conditions. And it tends to be provided mainly in the home, by women, without remuneration. In Latin America, care has not been included in a coordinated and specific public health policy agenda but has been advanced through isolated actions—in many cases highly fragmented and heterogeneous—without a clear awareness of the public nature of care and the associated responsibility of the State. Accordingly, this document takes a gender and rights-based approach. It starts with an analysis of the main definitions of unpaid work in the health sector, and then focuses on initiatives in three Latin American countries (Colombia, Costa Rica, and Uruguay) with regard to measurement, valuation, integration, and recognition in national health systems or policies, in care models, and in time-use surveys. The conclusions propose recommendations aimed at addressing unpaid care as an essential element of social policies in general, and health policies in particular, from a gender and rights-based perspective.
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