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Journal articles on the topic 'Social mobility – case studies'
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BARKER, BERNARD, and KATE HOSKINS. "Education, inequality and social mobility: Key findings from three case studies." FORUM 63, no. 1 (2021): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/forum.2021.63.1.107.
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Barker, Bernard, and Kate Hoskins. "Education, inequality and social mobility: Key findings from three case studies." FORUM 63, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/forum.2021.63.1.12.
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This paper reports the findings of the authors' three case studies of school and undergraduate student aspirations and progression pathways, and examines the implications for current policy and research in relation to social mobility. The studies challenge the government's preference for individualist, education-based solutions to the problems of social justice, including the under-representation of disadvantaged young people in elite universities and workplaces. They argue that the individualist perspective grossly underestimates the role of underlying structures, including social class, and the influence of families, through transmitted economic, social and cultural capital. Large-scale quantitative studies tend to compound this bias by measuring social mobility in terms of male income progression, and by neglecting the contribution of women and family networks to social fluidity. Entrenched patterns of advantage and disadvantage are likely to persist until there is a determined and consistent effort to pursue the logic of the 2010 Equality Act, especially by bringing the socio-economic duty into force and ensuring that every employer complies with its requirements. Education alone is not enough.
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Solís Gutiérrez, Patricio. "Social mobility in Mexico. Trends, Recent Findings and Research Challenges." Revista Trace, no. 62 (July 16, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22134/trace.62.2012.454.
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La recesión de los años ochenta y la subsecuente reestructuración económica tuvieron un profundo impacto en la sociedad mexicana. No obstante, sus consecuencias sobre la movilidad social no fueron analizadas hasta finales de los noventa, cuando una serie de estudios empíricos revelaron las continuidades y los cambios en los patrones de movilidad social. En este artículo se discuten cuatro tendencias recientes: la continuidad de las altas tasas absolutas de movilidad intergeneracional; la reducción de las recompensas monetarias asociadas a la movilidad ocupacional; la creciente rigidez en las tasas relativas de movilidad; y el ajuste del caso mexicano al patrón de movilidad general propuesto por Erikson y Goldthorpe. El panorama que resulta de estas tendencias es el de una sociedad que, a pesar los efectos negativos de la crisis y los cambios estructurales de los años ochenta y noventa, ha mantenido altas tasas de movilidad social, pero sufre en otros aspectos como la calidad de las oportunidades de movilidad ascendente y la creciente desigualdad de oportunidades asociada a los orígenes de clase. El artículo concluye con una discusión sobre posibles líneas futuras de investigación de los estudios sobre movilidad social en México.Abstract: The recession of the 1980s and subsequent economic restructuring in the 1990s had a profound impact on Mexican society. However, the consequences in social mobility were not fully explored until the end of the 1990s, when a series of empirical studies revealed continuities and changes in mobility patterns. The purpose of this article is to discuss trends in intergenerational social mobility. Four findings are discussed: the continuity of high overall and upward mobility rates; the reduction of monetary gains associated to upward occupational mobility; the increasing rigidity in relative rates of occupational mobility; and the overall compliance of the Mexican case to Erikson and Golthorpe’s core model of social fluidity. The picture emerging from these findings depicts a society that, notwithstanding the negative effects of the economic recession and structural changes of the 1980s and 1990s, maintained high rates of structural mobility, but suffered in other aspects such as the decrease in the quality of opportunities of upward mobility, as well as the increasing inequality of opportunity by class origins. The article concludes with a discussion of future avenues of research for social mobility studies in Mexico.Résumé : La récession des années 1980 et la subséquente restructuration économique des années 1990 a causé un impact profond sur la société mexicaine. Néanmoins, ses conséquences sur la mobilité sociale n’ont été entièrement explorées qu’à la fin des années 1990, quand une série d’études empiriques a dévoilé des continuités et des changements dans les modèles de mobilité. Le but de cet article est d’analyser les tendances de la mobilité sociale inter générationnelle. Le débat porte sur quatre découvertes: la continuité de taux élevés d’ascension dans l’échelle sociale ; la réduction des entrées monétaires associée à une mobilité occupationnelle plus importante ; la rigidité croissante des taux relatifs à la mobilité occupationnelle ; et la totale conformité du cas mexicain au modèle type de fluidité sociale d’Erickson et Golthorpe. L’image qui émerge de ces résultats décrit une société qui, malgré les effets négatifs de la récession économique et les réformes structurelles des années 1980 et 1990, maintient de hauts indices de mobilité structurelle, mais qui paie les conséquences d’autres aspects tels que la baisse de la qualité des opportunités d’ascension dans l’échelle sociale, ainsi que l’augmentation de l’inégalité d’opportunités données par la classe d’origine. L’article conclut par une discus- sion sur les futures voies de recherche possibles pour affiner les études sur la mobilité sociale au Mexique.
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Pott, Andreas. "Ethnicity and social mobility: The case of Turks in Germany." Journal of International Migration and Integration / Revue de l'integration et de la migration internationale 2, no. 2 (June 2001): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12134-001-1026-8.
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MUSTERD, SAKO, and ROGER ANDERSSON. "Employment, Social Mobility and Neighbourhood Effects: The Case of Sweden." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 30, no. 1 (March 2006): 120–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2006.00640.x.
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Varriale, Simone. "Unequal Youth Migrations: Exploring the Synchrony between Social Ageing and Social Mobility among Post-Crisis European Migrants." Sociology 53, no. 6 (July 18, 2019): 1160–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038519858044.
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This article explores how symbolic boundaries between youth and adulthood shape experiences of upward and downward social mobility among EU migrants. Drawing on 56 biographical interviews with Italians who moved to England after the 2008 economic crisis, and focusing on three individual case studies, the article reveals that normative understandings of adulthood emerge as a central concern from participants’ biographical accounts, and that they mobilise unequal forms of cultural, economic and social capital to maintain a feeling of ‘synch’ between social ageing and social mobility. Drawing on Bourdieu and the sociology of adulthood, the article proposes the notion of synchrony to explore how tensions in the relationship between social ageing and social mobility shape experiences of migration. This allows for an innovative theoretical bridge between cultural class analysis, adulthood studies and migration studies, and for a better understanding of how intersections of class and age shape intra-European migrations.
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Özdemir, Feriha. "Service innovation in case of electromobility." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 10, no. 2 (May 19, 2017): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v10i2.p187-192.
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Studies show that electromobility will emerge in urban areas. As urban mobility solutions are changing, electromobility is intended with a big potential of sustainable innovation. Nevertheless, changing the mobility culture depends on certain requirements. According to Urri, the automobile development lies in breaking the dominant role of cars which results in a development deadlock. In order to change the mobility culture, the mental approach to mobility options and the infrastructural conditions need to be considered as two central factors. Future mobility isn´t about less mobility, but rather a different way of being mobile and using different types of mobility solutions. This paper presents a research project that is based on the systemic-relational approach. It seeks to develop and introduce the conditions of electromobility in an urban area without a well-frequented local public transport by a networked innovation cooperation in four development areas. The central goal of this work is the integrated development of service innovation of technical and non-technical manner based on the network of project partners, the city council and the university. A change towards electromobility means changing infrastructure, market actors and business models. It signifies a change of social-cultural systems regarding mobility habits, practices and values. One of our main results show that the emotional perception by using experiences of electromobility has a positive effect on its social acceptability which raises the “flow factor” of electromobility.
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Özdemir, Feriha. "Service Innovation in Case of Electromobility." Humanities Today: Proceedings 2, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/htpr-2023-0007.
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Abstract Studies show that electromobility will emerge in urban areas. As urban mobility solutions are changing, electromobility is intended with a big potential of sustainable innovation. Nevertheless, changing the mobility culture depends on certain requirements. According to Urri, the automobile development lies in breaking the dominant role of cars which results in a development deadlock. In order to change the mobility culture, the mental approach to mobility options and the infrastructural conditions need to be considered as two central factors. Future mobility isn´t about less mobility, but rather a different way of being mobile and using different types of mobility solutions. This paper presents a research project that is based on the systemic-relational approach. It seeks to develop and introduce the conditions of electromobility in an urban area without a well-frequented local public transport by a networked innovation cooperation in four development areas. The central goal of this work is the integrated development of service innovation of technical and non-technical manner based on the network of project partners, the city council and the university. A change towards electromobility means changing infrastructure, market actors and business models. It signifies a change of social-cultural systems regarding mobility habits, practices and values. One of our main results show that the emotional perception by using experiences of electromobility has a positive effect on its social acceptability which raises the “flow factor” of electromobility.
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Cepeliauskaite, Gabriele, Benno Keppner, Zivile Simkute, Zaneta Stasiskiene, Leon Leuser, Ieva Kalnina, Nika Kotovica, Jānis Andiņš, and Marek Muiste. "Smart-Mobility Services for Climate Mitigation in Urban Areas: Case Studies of Baltic Countries and Germany." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 7, 2021): 4127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084127.
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The transport sector is one of the largest contributors of CO2 emissions and other greenhouse gases. In order to achieve the Paris goal of decreasing the global average temperature by 2 °C, urgent and transformative actions in urban mobility are required. As a sub-domain of the smart-city concept, smart-mobility-solutions integration at the municipal level is thought to have environmental, economic and social benefits, e.g., reducing air pollution in cities, providing new markets for alternative mobility and ensuring universal access to public transportation. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the relevance of smart mobility in creating a cleaner environment and provide strategic and practical examples of smart-mobility services in four European cities: Berlin (Germany), Kaunas (Lithuania), Riga (Latvia) and Tartu (Estonia). The paper presents a systematized literature review about the potential of smart-mobility services in reducing the negative environmental impact to urban environments in various cities. The authors highlight broad opportunities from the European Union and municipal documents for smart-mobility initiatives. The theoretical part is supplemented by socioeconomic and environmental descriptions, as well as experience, related to smart-mobility services in the four cities selected.
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Amundsen, Kristine Rabben, and Kari Anne I. Evensen. "Physical Therapy Intervention for a Child With Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome: A Case Report." Child Neurology Open 7 (January 1, 2020): 2329048X1989619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329048x19896190.
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No studies have described physical therapy treatment for children with congenital Zika virus syndrome. In this case report, the authors aimed to improve postural control, mobility, and social skills in a 17- to 18-month-old child with congenital Zika virus syndrome through a period of 6-week home-based, intensive physical therapy intervention. Outcome measures were the Posture and Postural Ability Scale, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, and Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life With Disabilities. From pre- to postintervention, the child’s Posture and Postural Ability Scale scores increased for level of postural ability in the prone position and postural alignment in all 4 positions (prone, supine, sitting, and standing). The authors saw an overall improvement in mobility and social skills from preintervention to follow-up 3 weeks after intervention. In conclusion, postural control, mobility, and social skills improved for a child with congenital Zika virus syndrome after physical therapy intervention, but future studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Robin, Stéphane R. "Housing Careers for Social Tenants in France: A Case Study." Open House International 30, no. 3 (September 1, 2005): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2005-b0005.
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In France, social housing provides a significant proportion of housing services. The present contribution seeks to identify housing careers for social tenants, using event history analysis on a sample of over 40,000 households located in the Lille metropolitan area (in northern France). The data was provided by a local social housing company, and contains extensive geographical information. The analysis was conducted for the metropolitan area and for its three main cities (Lille, Roubaix and Tourcoing). This made it possible to measure the effect of geographical location at both the agglomeration and neighbourhood levels. Our main results are threefold. First, access to better housing depends more on individual characteristics than on residential location; thus, it appears that comparatively favoured households may use social housing to increase their “upward mobility.” Secondly, forced mobility (eviction) depends on household histories and characteristics, but is spatially heavily concentrated. Finally, urban renewal, by increasing the quality of the built environment, tends - at least in some neighbourhoods - to make social housing more desirable (by giving households a stronger incentive to stay). It may thus improve the quality of life of people who are less likely to become homeowners or to access larger/more comfortable houses.
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Zittoun, Tania. "Imagination in people and societies on the move: A sociocultural psychology perspective." Culture & Psychology 26, no. 4 (January 16, 2020): 654–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354067x19899062.
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This paper proposes a sociocultural psychology approach to mobility. It distinguishes geographical mobility, drawing on mobility studies, from symbolic mobility, that can be achieved through imagination. After the presentation of a theoretical framework, it examines the possible interplay between geographical and symbolic mobility through three case studies: that of people moving to a retirement home, that of a young woman’s trajectory through the Second World War in the UK, and that of families in repeated geographical mobility. The paper thus shows that imagination may expand or guide geographic mobility, but also, in some case, create some stability when geographic mobility becomes excessive. More importantly, it shows that over time, people engage in trajectories of imagination: their various geographical and symbolic mobilities can eventually transform their very mode of imagining.
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Rotariu, Traian. "Considerations on the Role of the School in Social Mobility." Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Sociologia 66, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 9–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/subbs-2021-0006.
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Abstract The role of the school in the process of status attainment for individuals with different social origins should be analysed both from the perspective of social mobility flows (absolute rates of mobility) and inequality of social chances (relative rates and odds ratios). Inspired by Raymond Boudon’s earlier studies in the 1970s, the author scrutinises the complex relationships between expanding access to higher levels of education, social mobility trajectories, and inequality of chances of status achievement in the context of persistent inequalities in contemporary capitalist societies. He concludes that at the societal level, an increase of the dependency of achieved social status on educational qualification will lead to greater immobility if the inequality of educational chances remains constant. At the level of individuals, the same process will lead to greater probability of upward mobility in the case of people with higher levels of educational qualification, and greater probability of downward mobility for those with lower educational qualification.
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Uekoetter, Frank. "The Enigma of Mobility." Transfers 1, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2011.010212.
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This article makes a first attempt at outlining the place of the ongoing arab revolution in modern history, with special attention to its significance to mobility studies. taking issue with readings that emphasize the roots of the revolt in islam or the arab world, it stresses the economic background of the grievance, and specifically the elusive hope for social mobility in the countries' youth. it also highlights the crucial role of networking activities, both face-to- face and online, in creating the momentum that led to toppling of powerful regimes in Egypt and tunisia. The article seeks to demonstrate how mobility studies can highlight the peculiar challenges that both countries are currently facing. By way of conclusion, it shows how the case at hand forces us to think more about the mind of mobility, and more broadly about the ambitions and theoretical promises that the field of mobility studies should embrace.
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Zwicker, Heather, Kisha Supernant, and Erika Luckert. "Social Mobility: Charting the Economic Topography of Urban Space." Television & New Media 18, no. 4 (September 30, 2016): 375–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527476416667821.
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This project on economic topographies is one of eight thematic ways in which the research group Edmonton Pipelines is remapping the neighborhood of Rossdale. The essay brings together poetry, data visualization, and technologies of mapping to analyze how the twin vectors of capitalism and colonialism have created Western Canadian cityspace. Rather than taking for granted the ups and downs of the built environment, the article muses on the possibilities of using haunting as an urban interface. Working through this metaphorical possibility concretely, this essay traces the contours of haunting in the case of Rossdale, a Canadian neighborhood that has undergone an emblematic form of gentrification. We develop literal topographical maps as a way of conceptualizing metaphorical hurdles to belonging to settler colonial cities. These socioeconomic topographical maps serve as a new form of urban cartography.
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Torche, Florencia. "Unequal But Fluid: Social Mobility in Chile in Comparative Perspective." American Sociological Review 70, no. 3 (June 2005): 422–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240507000304.
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A major finding in comparative mobility research is the high similarity across countries and the lack of association between mobility and other national attributes, with one exception: higher inequality seems to be associated with lower mobility. Evidence for the mobility-inequality link is, however, inconclusive, largely because most mobility studies have been conducted in advanced countries with relatively similar levels of inequality. This article introduces Chile to the comparative project. As the 10th most unequal country in the world, Chile is an adjudicative case. If high inequality results in lower mobility, Chile should be significantly more rigid than its industrialized peers. This hypothesis is disproved by the analysis. Despite vast economic inequality, Chile is as fluid, if not more so, than the much more equal industrialized nations. Furthermore, there is no evidence of a decline in mobility as the result of the increase in inequality during the market-oriented transformation of the country in the 1970s and 1980s. Study of the specific mobility flows in Chile indicates a significant barrier to long-range downward mobility from the elite (signaling high “elite closure”), but very low barriers across nonelite classes. This particular mobility regime is explained by the pattern, not the level, of Chilean inequality-high concentration in the top income decile, but significantly less inequality across the rest of the class structure. The high Chilean mobility is, however, largely inconsequential, because it takes place among classes that share similar positions in the social hierarchy of resources and rewards. The article concludes by redefining the link between inequality and mobility.
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Dreifelds, Juris. "Social inequalities in the Baltic: The case of occupational hierarchy and upward mobility." Journal of Baltic Studies 19, no. 1 (March 1988): 67–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01629778700000281a.
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Seiler, Cotten. "Racing Mobility, Excavating Modernity." Transfers 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2016.060108.
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Th e diversity of methodologies, theoretical orientations, geographical settings, and disciplinary perspectives in this special issue of Transfers testifi es to a dual arrival—that of race as a key category of inquiry in mobility studies, and of mobility as a crucial practice in analyses of what scholars in the humanities and social sciences call the social construction of race. Drawing on poststructuralist and critical race theory, refl exive ethnographic methods, and scholarship in literary studies, sociology, and the history of technology, these essays illustrate the versatility of the mobility optic as well as its massive potential for the formation of new knowledge and the eff ecting of egalitarian policy. Th e scholars here make the case for mobility as central to everything from the structured inequalities of the contemporary city to the formation of the raced and gendered modern subject; and their interventions range from the reformist to the ontological. Maybe the infl uential cultural anthropologist Clifford Geertz (and the other Western sahibs who recounted the story before him) misunderstood the structure of the world as the fabled Hindu interlocutor conveyed it; perhaps the infi nitely regressing turtles on which the universe rested were never simply standing, but crawling.
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DRIBE, MARTIN, and CHRISTER LUNDH. "Partner choice and intergenerational occupational mobility: the case of nineteenth-century rural Sweden." Continuity and Change 24, no. 3 (November 24, 2009): 487–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416009990178.
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ABSTRACTThis article studies the effects of marriage partner choice on occupational attainment and mobility in five rural parishes in southern Sweden between about 1815 and 1894. It uses an individual-level database containing information on a large number of marriages and the occupational origin of the marrying couple, regardless of whether they were born in the parish or not. Occupations are coded in HISCO and classified using HISCLASS. The results indicate the presence of occupational homogamy in this rural society. The social origin of the partner also mattered a great deal for subsequent occupational attainment and mobility, both upwards and downwards.
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Stanley, Janet, and John Stanley. "The Importance of Transport for Social Inclusion." Social Inclusion 5, no. 4 (December 28, 2017): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v5i4.1289.
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Links between mobility, social exclusion and well being, and matters related thereto, have been an important focus of research, planning and policy thinking in the land use transport field for about the past two decades, in places such as the UK, Australia, South Africa, North America and parts of South America. This introductory paper to the journal volume on <em>Regional and Urban Mobility: Contribution to Social Inclusion</em> summarizes some of the key literature in the field during that period, illustrating how research sometimes takes a place-based approach and at other times focuses on groups of people likely to be at risk of mobility-related social exclusion. The ten articles in this journal volume explore aspects of these relationships, mainly through the lens of at risk groups, across a number of social-spatial settings. Articles draw on case studies from the Philippines, UK/Germany, UK/Colombia, Lisbon, Gilgat-Baltistan, Turkey and Japan, providing a broad set of contexts. The different language and frameworks used by researchers from different professional backgrounds, as illustrated in this volume, highlights some of the barriers that need to be confronted in progressing policy to improve the lot of people experiencing mobility-related social exclusion.
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Abdullah, Mohd Syariefudin, Nurul Nadia Mohd Hashim, Siti Aisyah Mohd Zain, and Mohd Rahimi Ramli. "SOCIAL MOBILITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN ISLAND FISHERMAN COMMUNITY: A CASE STUDY IN AMAN ISLAND, PENANG." Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Environment Management 7, no. 29 (September 9, 2022): 163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/jthem.729013.
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Social mobility is a process of change or movement of a person or a group from one position to another in a society. Quality of life refers to the comfort of living in a living environment. Thia article examines the social community and quality of life in the island fishing community in Pulau Aman Village in Penang. This study is to examine the pattern of social mobility and the level of quality of life in the fishing community in Pulau Aman. This study uses a quantitative method by distributing a set of questions to 52 respondents consisting of heads of families. The results of the study found that the social mobility of the island fishing community of Pulau Aman showed vertical social mobility in all dimension studied, namely education, employment and income. Educational social mobility showed the highest percentage increase in vertical mobility. Meanwhile, in terms of quality of life, respondents showed positive findings to all dimensions studied with a mean value between 2.72 to 4.58 where the dimension of work environment (4.58) represents the highest mean value while the dimension of public safety (2.72) is the lowest. These findings can be used as a guide to the relevant parties in improving the quality of life of the community in Pulai Aman.
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CARDONA URREA, Santiago, Diego Alexander ESCOBAR, and William SARACHE. "SOCIAL COST - BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF ACTIVE MOBILITY PROJECTS IN CONTEXTS WITH STEEP TERRAIN. A CASE STUDY IN COLOMBIA." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 49, no. 3 (September 29, 2023): 1056–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.49321-1105.
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Active mobility projects can potentially initiate paradigm shifts in population and urban planning decision-makers. This paper aims to conduct a social cost-benefit analysis of an active mobility project in a Colombian city. The increase of physical activity, reduction of CO2 emissions, and traffic crashes were measured in an area with suitable slopes to promote bicycles for commuting. A social cost-benefit ratio of 1.14 was found, with physical activity and road safety as the most important outcomes of the active mobility infrastructure. Furthermore, a big room for the increase and promotion of cycling as a mode of transport is addressed.
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De Oliveira Lot, Alexandre, and Cecilia Consolo. "Design for new perspectives in urban mobility." Base Diseño e Innovación 8, no. 8 (June 19, 2023): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52611/bdi.num8.2023.849.
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Urban mobility is an important property of the people that promotes access to the city. However, the current model of urban mobility generates social and environmental issues, reducing inclusivity, accessibility and health, delaying humane development of cities, resulting in urban crisis. Considering design as a tool to improve people's interaction with the environment, as it can initiate and materialise social innovations. How can design provide new urban mobility perspectives? From the empirical analysis of urban mobility issues in the Brazilian cities of São Paulo and Campinas, between 2017 and 2022, accessing definitions of mobility and questions from sustainable development and revision of literature, the work presented summarises five main aspects for the appliance of design at new urban mobility perspectives improving life quality to people, and enlist five case studies from design-mobility projects, addressing the way designers contribute in such projects.
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Yurevich, Maksim A., and Vadim A. Malahov. "Sociological Studies Of International Academic Mobility." Science management: theory and practice 1, no. 2 (2019): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2019.1.2.6.
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Academic mobility is a significant part of a scientist’s career both in the world’s leading scientific countries and in peripheral ones. The data of sociological surveys show that the main incentive to change the country of scientific employment in most cases is the desire to gain experience in international teams, to get under the care of eminent scientists, to expand scientific ties. Material incentives such as wages, social benefits or access to research funding tools usually rank middle in the hierarchy of motives to move in countries with a developed scientific and technological complex. In countries that can be considered lagging behind from this point of view, the picture is somewhat different-material goods play a more significant role. Regarding the representatives of the Russian scientific Diaspora, there are also mainly purely economic prerequisites for leaving abroad, and a fairly low proportion of the scientists who left Russia declared their desire to return. At the same time, remote cooperation with Russian researchers for scientists-compatriots is quite an attractive form of interaction.
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Morgan, Stephen L., Ismaila Z. Mohammed, and Salisu Abdullahi. "Patron–Client Relationships and Low Education among Youth in Kano, Nigeria." African Studies Review 53, no. 1 (April 2010): 79–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arw.0.0236.
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Abstract:Based on an analysis of original social network data collected from 407 households in an urban community in Northern Nigeria, this article evaluates whether patronage relationships between households have consequences for children's educational attainment. A “social resources” perspective suggests that patronage ties may serve as a form of social capital that activates upward social mobility for entire families, thereby yielding more than simple transitory returns on social connections. An alternative “social constraints” perspective suggests that patronage ties may have no effects (or negative effects) on the schooling of clients' children, since patron-clientage reflects prevailing social inequalities and exists for reasons other than the promotion of dynastic mobility among clients and their families. In the case study reported in this article, the latter pattern holds, and the results are interpreted with reference to the historical record, which shows that a latent function of patron-clientage is the preservation of intergenerational status immobility.
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Poghosyan, Garik. "The Self-perceived Impact of COVID-19 Human Mobility Restrictions on Armenian Students Aged 14-18." Journal of Education in Black Sea Region 6, no. 2 (May 21, 2021): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31578/jebs.v6i2.234.
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The present article showcases the self-perceived impacts of COVID-19-related human mobility restrictions on the Armenian youth aged 14 to 18. Rather than attempting to discuss policies or theories or concentrate on certain areas of the fabric of human society, such as human rights, economy, health care, this case study makes a bold attempt to illuminate the reader about the condition and self-perceived effects of the crisis on a specific age group in the context of COVID-restricted mobility and ensuing challenges (education, social life, including sports and extracurricular activities, emotional well-being) in a given country, something that has been prevailingly, if not completely, ignored even in those research projects that have addressed the COVID-19-related human mobility limitations for specific groups of people (migrants, the displaced, women, etc.). Thus, the author has attempted to lay the groundwork for further case studies as well as comparative research investigating the human mobility dimension of the COVID-19 crisis for adolescents or various age groups with an emphasis on the effects of reduced or restricted mobility on the intellectual, athletic, social or cultural life of those affected by them. Overall, the participants displayed the whole gamut of both negative and positive experiences and gave varied responses.
Keywords: human mobility, COVID-19, students aged 14-18
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Gabrielli, Mara. "Vulnerability, Embedded Agency, and Downward Social Mobility of Young Asylum Seekers." Refuge: Canada's Journal on Refugees 39, no. 1 (April 20, 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.41037.
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From an intersectional perspective, the situational and inherent vulnerability faced by two young asylum seekers in Catalonia, Spain, were analyzed through case studies that illustrate how these young people navigated within unpredictable and changing environments that hampered their embedded agency. Their settlement as social navigation highlights the temporal dimensions of the migration process. Waiting was also a key element that marked and regulated their settlement from a normative, relational, and existential dimension. The results highlight downward social mobility and precarious integration into the host society due to institutional, structural, and socio-cultural constraints.
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Durga, P. S. Kanaka. "IDENTITY AND SYMBOLS OF SUSTENANCE: EXPLORATIONS IN SOCIAL MOBILITY OF MEDIEVAL SOUTH INDIA." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 44, no. 2 (2001): 141–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852001753731024.
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AbstractThe Orientalist conceptions on pre-colonial social formations in India as static are reviewed. New studies argue that social mobility occurs in the context of caste-oriented structures. Based on epigraphic and literary sources and kulapurāna (caste myths) concerning the community of oil producers of medieval times known by the caste name Teliki, this paper shows trends for upward mobility from śūdra varna to ksatriya varna. In the case of the peasant-warrior communities (sat śūdras), brāhmins and, in tribal communities, the temples/sectarian leaders acted as the legitimisers. For the Telikis, however, an asat śūdra community, political powers facilitated the process of upward mobility. By observing certain symbolic actions, which are ritually accepted as pure and high, the Telikis tried to sustain their identity. Les conceptions orientalistes qui présentent les structures sociales pré-coloniales en Inde comme des formations immuables sont actuellement révisées. De nouvelles études avancent que la mobilité sociale existe dans le contexte de structures de caste. Fondé sur l'exploitation de sources épigraphiques, littéraires et des kulapurāna (les mythes de caste) portant sur la communauté des producteurs d'huile au Moyen Age connue sous le nom de caste Teliki, cet article met en lumière des tendances vers une amélioration du rang social du śūdra varna au ksatriya varna. Dans le cas des communautés de paysans-guerriers (sat śūdras), les brahmanes et dans celui des communautés tribales, les temples/les dirigeants sectaires assuraient la légitimité. Toutefois, dans le cas des Telikis, une communauté asat/śūdra, les pouvoirs politiques facilitaient un processus d'ascension sociale. De plus, les Telikis, en observant certains actes symboliques considérés rituellement comme purs et élevés, tentaient de maintenir leur identité.
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Christou, Anastasia. "Theorising Affective Habitus in Historical Geographies of Mobilities: Unfolding Spatio-Temporal Modalities." Emotions: History, Culture, Society 6, no. 2 (December 2, 2022): 215–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2208522x-02010165.
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Abstract This essay applies a case study approach to theorise a research agenda for critical explorations of emotions and mobilities centred on three core concepts and key phenomena: affective habitus, spatio-temporal modalities and historical geographies. The analysis offers novel perspectives on the interplay between the affectivity of geographies of social difference and the multiscalar dynamics shaping social relations through mobility. This is demonstrated in how emotions linked to agency provide a generative lens to explore how social relationships and political subjectivities intersect to inform mobile identities/lifeworlds. The case studies offer critical insights of how migrants/refugees/indigenous people in navigating challenging structural conditions can reflect conceptualisations of the mutually constitutive contexts of emotionality and intersectional inequity with indigeneity and (im)mobility. A temporal-historical lens reveals how emotional mobilities are shaped by structural/social dynamics including, but not limited to, trauma and exclusion, historical divisions, cultural identities, border and racialised regimes, intergenerationality. These exemplifications through a case study empirical lens draw from research focusing on indigenous and Palestinian peoples.
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Kwee (郭慧娟), Hui Kian. "Nexus of Mobility." Journal of Chinese Overseas 14, no. 2 (October 2, 2018): 157–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341378.
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AbstractIn historical studies of Chinese diaspora, an increasing focus is currently being placed on Chinese “organizational genius,” that is, Chinese are said to have been adept at providing mutual aid and promoting economic ventures overseas, and also effective in governing their own internal affairs and fending off racial discrimination in the age of Euro-American imperialism. This paper examines Chinese migration to West Borneo in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. It argues that Chinese social imaginaries and organizational forms ultimately relied on two cardinal institutions: the Chinese deity cults and ancestral cults, with their associated rituals. By studying an early case of Chinese migration to Southeast Asia, this paper hopes to lay a foundation for comparative research on similar organizations developed by Fujian and Guangdong people in Taiwan, China and other parts of the world; and argues that the nexus of Chinese mobility and Chinese people’s relatively successful economic achievements should be located in these symbolic institutions.
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Reiter, Samantha S., and Karin M. Frei. "Interpreting Past Human Mobility Patterns: A Model." European Journal of Archaeology 22, no. 4 (June 28, 2019): 454–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eaa.2019.35.
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In the last decade, the exponential increase in migration studies focusing on the mobility of groups and single individuals—mostly based on aDNA and strontium isotope analyses—has provided an important extra layer of information regarding past social dynamics. The current relatively large quantity of data and their constant increase provide an opportunity to examine human mobility in unprecedented detail. In short, the course of academic dialogue is changing from producing evidence for movement to examining differences or similarities in human mobilities across temporal and geographical barriers. Moreover, the amount and type of new data are beginning to provide new kinds of information that can help us grasp why that movement first came about. We present the first potential mobility model focusing on single individuals during different life stages based on in vivo movement patterns. We draw on previous studies in recent mobility research that provide a variety of case studies to illustrate the model. We hope that this model will prove valuable for future discussions regarding human mobility by integrating the present archaeological contextual discourse with the increasing body of data being produced.
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Agapov, Mikhail. "Floating Shops in the Ob North: Landscape of Mobility and Modes of Temporality." Antropologicheskij forum 18, no. 54 (2022): 160–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-160-190.
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Floating shops are an important part of the social landscape and life in northern villages located on water traffic ways. The role of the latter is especially important for settlements in the Ob North, where the “Northern supply haul” (deliveries of goods to the Northern Territories) has always been carried out from the south by the Ob-Irtysh River Shipping Company. Floating shops were actively used during the oil and gas development of the Ob North in the late Soviet period, but their “golden age” came in the 1990–2000s, when private entrepreneurs created flotillas of floating shops, which became an important factor in ensuring transport accessibility and improving the socio-economic status of local communities. The study is based on the materials of a field expedition trip conducted in the summer of 2019 in the water area of the Middle and Lower Ob. The conceptual framework of the study is built on the basis of the social philosophy of Latour, Urry and Law, with its characteristic axiomatics of a heterogeneous, hybrid world in constant motion, and with an orientation toward the study of networked, mobile, and variable forms of social life. In this article, special attention is paid to the use of the landscape conditions and affordanсes for the formation and functioning of the mobile trade infrastructure. In the present case, we observe the elimination of borders between the landscape and the transport infrastructure until their merger into a unified functional system in the terminology of Ingold. An essential condition for the success of this system is a spatio-temporal synchronization of the information, commodity-money, and raw flows achieved by the hybrid nature of the floating shop’s mode of temporality. This case offers opportunities for the theoretical conceptualization of the interconnection between mobility, landscape, and modes of temporality.
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Riazi, Negin A., Kelly Wunderlich, Lira Yun, Derek C. Paterson, and Guy Faulkner. "Social-Ecological Correlates of Children’s Independent Mobility: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 3 (January 30, 2022): 1604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031604.
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Children’s independent mobility (IM) is associated with a range of benefits and understanding the factors that influence IM can support creation of effective interventions. The review (Prospero CRD42016042174) systematically summarized the available literature for social-ecological correlates of children’s IM in school-aged children and youth (aged 5–17 years). In this case, 53 studies were included and evaluated six individual, 15 interpersonal, 12 social environment, and 19 built environment- level variables. Most studies originated from Australia (n = 15) and Canada (n = 8) with most published in 2011 or later (n = 48). Variables that were consistently (positively and/or negatively) associated with children’s IM were age, ethnicity/race, child’s perceived competence, ownership of a house/access to house keys, having siblings, parents’ attitude toward IM and perception of child’s confidence, children’s interest in environment and activities, parents’ concern around traffic, housing/residential density, length of residency in one’s home, distance to destinations, and proximity to green space. Given the inter-related social-ecological correlates identified, intervention to promote children’s IM will likely need a multi-level and multi-sectoral approach. However, focus areas of building children’s skills and confidence, helping parents gain confidence in their children’s abilities, assuaging parental traffic concerns, and building environments with shorter distances to destinations of interest for children should be prioritized.
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Quaresma, María Luisa, and Cristóbal Villalobos. "Elite universities in Chile: Between social mobility and reproduction of inequality." Tuning Journal for Higher Education 9, no. 2 (May 28, 2022): 29–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/tjhe.1920.
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The Chilean Higher Education System can be considered an exemplary case of massification based on the privatisation and heterogenisation of universities. These processes have created a dual system, with a large group of universities for mass education versus a small group of universities focused on educating elites. In this context, this paper aims to analyse the ethos and missions of elite universities and programmes, their selection mechanisms, and students’ socioeconomic and cultural background. Eight case studies were selected, and different data collection techniques were used: interviews with academics, non-participant observations, students’ survey and secondary data analysis. Results show that these elite universities (characterised by overrepresentation of students from the upper and middle-upper classes, high levels of excellence and prestige, and academic selection processes or high fees) respond to their own market niche’s needs, differentiating themselves not only from ‘mass universities’ but also from each other. To achieve this, each elite university has its own vision, set of values and practices. Despite these differences, all the elite universities and programmes seek to face the current tertiary massification scenario by opening up to student social diversity ensuring, however, that these changes do not structurally modify their sociocultural composition or their institutional mission.
Received: 4 December 2020Accepted: 20 April 2022
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Showalter, Esther, Morgan Vigil-Hayes, Ellen Zegura, Richard Sutton, and Elizabeth Belding. "Pandemic-influenced human mobility on tribal lands in California: Data sparsity and analytical precision." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 14, 2022): e0276644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276644.
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Human mobility datasets collected from personal mobile device locations are integral to understanding how states, counties, and cities have collectively adapted to pervasive social disruption stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. However, while indigenous tribal communities in the United States have been disproportionately devastated by the pandemic, the relatively sparse populations and data available in these hard-hit tribal areas often exclude them from mobility studies. We explore the effects of sparse mobility data in untangling the often inter-correlated relationship between human mobility, distancing orders, and case growth throughout 2020 in tribal and rural areas of California. Our findings account for data sparsity imprecision to show: 1) Mobility through legal tribal boundaries was unusually low but still correlated highly with case growth; 2) Case growth correlated less strongly with mobility later in the the year in all areas; and 3) State-mandated distancing orders later in the year did not necessarily precede lower mobility medians, especially in tribal areas. It is our hope that with more timely feedback offered by mobile device datasets even in sparse areas, health policy makers can better plan health emergency responses that still keep the economy vibrant across all sectors.
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Bou Mjahed, Lama, Archak Mittal, Amr Elfar, Hani S. Mahmassani, and Ying Chen. "Exploring the Role of Social Media Platforms in Informing Trip Planning: Case of Yelp.com." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2666, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2666-01.
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Understanding how travelers make mobility decisions has always been central to transportation studies. The growing availability of information and communication technologies in everyday life and their role in conveying more recent, relevant, and customized information have substantially changed the context within which trip decisions are made. Whether travelers are actively seeking pretrip information or merely surfing the web, they have access through social media to user-generated information that may affect their mobility decisions. This study forms an exploratory step in understanding how one such social media platform, Yelp.com, designed to allow users to review and rate their experiences at any visited business, can serve as an information source for activity and trip planning in the pretrip process. In particular, the study explored ( a) the relative depth, ( b) the sentiment associated with, and ( c) the type of information in transport-related reviews on Yelp.com. This research has implications for the study of travel behavior in a highly connected environment and can inform efforts to design information and communication technology tools aimed at affecting behavior.
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Yang, Aria C. H., Newman Lau, and Jeffrey C. F. Ho. "The Role of Bedroom Privacy in Social Interaction among Elderly Residents in Nursing Homes: An Exploratory Case Study of Hong Kong." Sensors 20, no. 15 (July 23, 2020): 4101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20154101.
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Privacy is often overlooked in Hong Kong nursing homes with the majority of elderly residents living in shared bedrooms of three to five people. Only a few studies have used Bluetooth low energy indoor positioning systems to explore the relationship between privacy and social interaction among elderly residents. The study investigates the social behavioural patterns of elderly residents living in three-bed, four-bed, and five-bed rooms in a nursing home. Location data of 50 residents were used for the identification of mobility and social interaction patterns in relation to different degrees of privacy and tested for statistical significance. Privacy is found to have a weak negative correlation with mobility patterns and social behaviour, implying that the more privacy there is, the less mobility and more formal interaction is found. Residents who had more privacy did not spend more time in social space. Residents living in bedrooms that opened directly onto social space had higher social withdrawal tendencies, indicating the importance of transitional spaces between private and public areas. Friends’ rooms were used extensively by residents who had little privacy, however, the concept of friends’ rooms have rarely been discussed in nursing homes. There is evidence supporting the importance of privacy for social interaction. Future study directions include considering how other design factors, such as configuration and social space diversity, work with privacy to influence social interaction.
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Yuan, Zhenjie, Yulin Xie, Jun (Justin) Li, Jie Li, and Rong Yang. "Learning to Succeed? Interplay between Ethnic Identity, National Identity, and Students’ Perception on Social Mobility in a Xinjiang Class School of China." Sustainability 14, no. 8 (April 8, 2022): 4444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084444.
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While studies on students’ ethnic identity, national identity and social mobility gained relatively good research development in Western societies, little attention has been given to other social contexts, particularly non-Western societies like China. A questionnaire (N = 570, aged 14 to 20) was conducted in a Xinjiang Class school in Southern China to examine the nexus of students’ ethnic identity, national identity and perception on social mobility. The Xinjiang Class is currently one of the most iconic preferential educational policies recruiting students from ethnic groups in Xinjiang (an ethnic minority-concentrated border region) and offering them senior secondary education in select Han-centric, senior-secondary schools in China’s central and east coast provinces. The results demonstrate that the strengthening effect of students’ ethnic identity on national identity is not obvious; students’ strong national identity contributes to their positive perception on upward social mobility. However, the widely accepted viewpoint that students’ ethnic identity has a negative influence on perception of social mobility cannot be fully supported in this case. This study enriches the extant literature by providing a combined model to explore the nuanced mechanisms between ethnic identity, national identity and students’ perception on social mobility in a multi-ethnic society and by helping to unveil the identity politics unfolded in current China’s educational sector.
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Shtele, Evgeniia, Paolo Beria, and Vardhman Lunkar. "Using location based social media data to explain COVID-19 spread in Italy." European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research 22, no. 2 (May 26, 2022): 132–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18757/ejtir.2022.22.2.5702.
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During crisis, social network data is valuable information for authorities and researchers. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, a significant amount of data, including mobility-related data, has been released from various agencies to support studies. This paper aims to check the suitability of mobility-related datasets in describing and predicting new cases, about the spatial dimension during the initial phase of the outbreak. We focus on rich anonymized datasets through Facebook – Data for Good program: colocation matrices, movement matrices and stay-at-home data. However, we also compare their usability with a traditional Origin-Destination matrix. Our test case is Italy, the second country hit after China, where the infection spread irregularly from a few northern provinces to rest of Italy and abroad. Our regression models explain the number of actual new cases at the provincial level (corresponding to NUTS-3) by three groups of variables: active cases proxying local infections, interprovincial mobility proxying the arrival of cases from outside, and the degree of people staying at home proxying infections from cohabitants. The variants among the models consist of different measures of interprovincial mobility, thus allowing us to confront them. The result is the inclusion of time-dependent mobility data improving the significance of model and is effective in explaining irregular rise of cases in different parts of the country. Moreover, colocation results as the best measure. From a policy perspective, results show that mobility restrictions help reduce the geographical spread of infection at the very beginning, but once the outbreak, the interprovincial mobility becomes less relevant.
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Lin, Mingang, and Min Zhou. "Community Transformation and the Formation of Ethnic Capital: Immigrant Chinese Communities in the United States." Journal of Chinese Overseas 1, no. 2 (2005): 260–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/179325405788639102.
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AbstractIn this article, we attempt to develop a conceptual framework of “ethnic capital” in order to examine the dynamics of immigrant communities. Building on the theories of social capital and the enclave economy, we argue that ethnic capital is not a thing but involves interactive processes of ethnic-specific financial capital, human capital, and social capital. We use case studies of century-old Chinatowns and emerging middle-class immigrant Chinese communities in New York and Los Angeles to illustrate how ethnic capital affects community building and transformation, which in turn influence the social mobility of immigrants. We also discuss how developments in contemporary ethnic enclaves challenge the conventional notion of assimilation and contribute to our understanding of immigrant social mobility.
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Engler, Harald. "Social movement and the failure of car-friendly city projects: East and West Berlin (1970s and 1980s)." Journal of Transport History 41, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 353–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022526620951740.
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The second half of the twentieth century was marked by predominantly car-friendly urban planning, provoking also resistance. This article will analyse the urban social movement against the car-friendly city, using the case of Berlin. The main aim is to define how modern urban societies on both sides of the Iron Curtain competed over their urban mobility infrastructures. The analysis will focus on two case studies: for West Berlin, the citizens’ initiative “Westtangente” formed against urban highways, as well as the broader protest movement against the marginalisation of non-automobile forms of mobility, will be analysed; For East Berlin, a socialist type of car-friendly urban planning failed to realise a number of major motorways that would have passed through a Jewish cemetery, together with the emergence of a small protest movement that formed under the umbrella of the Protestant Church.
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McLeod, Christopher M., Matthew I. Horner, Matthew G. Hawzen, and Mark DiDonato. "City Sterilization and Poverty Management." Transfers 7, no. 3 (December 1, 2017): 94–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2017.070308.
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People experiencing homelessness use service centers, shelters, missions, and other voluntary organizations to access material resources and social networks. Because these service hubs have a dense array of resources, people sometimes incorporate them into their daily movements around urban space, which results in patterns or tendencies called mobility systems. Drawing on participant observation, document analysis, and spatial analytics via geographic information systems (GIS), we describe the mobility system organized around one homeless services center in Tallahassee, Florida. Moreover, we present a case study of how this homeless services center was moved away from downtown to an upgraded facility to show how city administrators manage homeless mobility systems when they are deemed unsafe for downtown redevelopment. The case supports previous studies that found punitive and supportive strategies are used together, but adds how mobility and “network capital” can be used to evaluate center relocations in the future.
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Bhatt, Priti. "Quality of life case series review: wound bed preparation from a UK perspective." British Journal of Community Nursing 29, Sup6 (June 1, 2024): S8—S14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2024.29.sup6.s8.
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Previous studies have reported that polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and betaine solution and gels remove biofilm, improve wound healing and reduce infection rates. Quality of life (QoL) outcomes are not commonly reported on when it comes to wound care. This review aims to summarise QoL data from a cohort of case studies previously published on chronic lower limb ulcers using PHMB products (Prontosan® Solution, Prontosan® Wound Gel X and Prontosan® Debridement Pad). Here, we report on and review a total of 38 case studies describing 56 wounds. From these 38 case studies, 36 reported that all the wounds involved had either healed or improved by the end of their respective study period. QoL themes explore malodour, slough, and exudate, pain, mobility, hair growth, antibiotic intake, return to work, social life and mood. This case series demonstrates that treatment with Prontosan® products improves many QoL outcomes for patients with non-healing wounds.
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Chaudhary, Tanya. "Mobility, Translocality and Social Reproduction during COVID-19: Migrant Workers in Narela Industrial Estate, Delhi." Social Change 52, no. 2 (June 2022): 223–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00490857221094124.
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The reverse migration of workers at the beginning of the first lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic forcefully crystalised underlying issues such as poverty, hunger and the precarious lives of the working class in India’s megacities. With the easing of lockdowns, workers are again on the move. Against this background, this article aims to examine and unpack the reasons that have shaped labour mobility during the ongoing pandemic. It uses the framework of mobility studies and translocality which provide a strong analytical framework to understand linkages between rural and urban areas. In the process, the article highlights the politics associated with the mobility of workers. It draws on a case study of a peripheral industrial region of Delhi known as Narela. After briefly situating the study in the historicity of Narela with respect to the Industrial Relocation Policy of Delhi and resettlement of bastis, it highlights the lived experiences of the working-class population during and after the first lockdown of the pandemic. Based on detailed in-depth telephonic interviews, the article reiterates the crucial relationship between spatially stretched social reproduction and the social embeddedness of workers which suggests that there are a host of factors affecting workers’ mobility.
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Jansen, Carl-Philipp, Kristin Taraldsen, Hubert Blain, and Clemens Becker. "Digital Mobility Assessment for Regulatory and Clinical Endorsement in Hip Fracture Patients." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3179.
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Abstract Hip fracture is the most frequent non-intentional injury of older persons leading to hospital admission in Europe and North America. Until recently, in regulatory submissions no attention was given to patients’ mobility after sustaining/recovering from a hip fracture. To better evaluate efficacy and effectiveness of new drugs and treatments, it is necessary to develop mobility biomarkers since failure to recover and regain pre-fracture mobility is considered the single most important disability symptom experienced by hip fracture patients, often leading to care home admission. However, regularly used measures of mobility capacity are not representative of individuals’ performance in real life, intermittent in nature, and require visiting study centers. Digital technology has the potential to revolutionize mobility assessment in a real-life setting. With this presentation we build a case for a valid solution for real-world digital mobility assessment in hip fracture patients as carried out in the “Mobilise-D” clinical validation study.
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Reay, Diane. "Review: Jo Littler, Against Meritocracy: Culture, Power, and Myths of Mobility." Theory, Culture & Society 35, no. 7-8 (October 3, 2018): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276418799866.
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Against Meritocracy is a meticulous and much needed critique of meritocracy tracing the genealogies of the concept before presenting case studies that demonstrate its continuing ideological power. This review looks at Littler’s analysis within the context of wider understandings of meritocracy and social mobility. It concludes that Littler’s compelling argument of the damage, both ideological and material, caused by the workings of meritocracy needs to be heeded.
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Wendnagel-Beck, Angela, Marvin Ravan, Nimra Iqbal, Jörn Birkmann, Giorgos Somarakis, Denise Hertwig, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, and Sue Grimmond. "Characterizing Physical and Social Compositions of Cities to Inform Climate Adaptation: Case Studies in Germany." Urban Planning 6, no. 4 (December 16, 2021): 321–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i4.4515.
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Cities are key to climate change mitigation and adaptation in an increasingly urbanized world. As climate, socio-economic, and physical compositions of cities are constantly changing, these need to be considered in their urban climate adaptation. To identify these changes, urban systems can be characterized by physical, functional, and social indicators. Multi-dimensional approaches are needed to capture changes of city form and function, including patterns of mobility, land use, land cover, economic activities, and human behaviour. In this article, we examine how urban structure types provide one way to differentiate cities in general and to what extent socio-economic criteria have been considered regarding the characterization of urban typologies. In addition, we analyse how urban structure types are used in local adaptation strategies and plans to derive recommendations and concrete targets for climate adaptation. To do this, we examine indicators, background data used, and cartographic information developed for and within such urban adaptation plans, focusing in particular on the German cities of Karlsruhe and Berlin. The comparative analysis provides new insights into how present adaptation plans consider physical and social structures, including issues of human vulnerability within cities. Based on the analysis we make recommendations on how to improve the consideration of both physical and socio-economic aspects of a city to support pathways for adaptation.
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Andall, Jacqueline. "Cape Verdean Women on the Move: ‘Immigration Shopping’ in Italy and Europe." Modern Italy 4, no. 2 (November 1999): 241–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532949908454832.
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SummaryThe central theme of this article is the notion that migrants ‘shop’ for opportunities of work, income and social advantages in different countries. Taking the case of Cape Verdean women migrants, the research is based on 25 in-depth interviews carried out with domestic workers in Rome and Rotterdam. I explore ways in which these women have negotiated mobility, employment and family and household responsibilities within the context of a largely independent female migration which is well established from Cape Verde. Italy has a nodal role in channelling mobility from Cape Verde to various destinations in the global Cape Verdean diaspora. But while opportunities for stable employment as domestic workers in Italy have been a constant factor encouraging Cape Verdean women to migrate to Italy, difficulties over pay, working conditions, welfare and family reunion have led to much onward movement to the Netherlands and elsewhere.
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Hipp, John R., and Adam Boessen. "Immigrants and Social Distance." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 641, no. 1 (March 30, 2012): 192–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716211433180.
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This project studied the effect of immigrant in-mobility on the trajectory of socioeconomic change in neighborhoods. The authors suggest that immigrant inflows may impact neighborhoods due to the consequences of residential mobility and the extent to which these new residents differ from the current residents. The authors use Southern California over a nearly 50-year period (1960 to 2007) as a case study to explore the short- and long- term impact of these changes. The authors find no evidence that immigrant inflow has negative consequences for home values, unemployment, or vacancies over this long period of time. Instead, the authors find that a novel measure they develop—a general measure of social distance—is much better at explaining the change in the economic conditions of these neighborhoods. Tracts with higher levels of social distance experienced a larger increase in the vacancy rate over the decade. The effect of social distance on home values changed over the study period: whereas social distance decreased home values during the 1960s, this completely reversed into a positive effect by the 2000s.
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Torsello, Davide. "Action Speaks Louder Than Words?" Anthropological Journal of European Cultures 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2008): 96–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ajec.2008.01701006.
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This article argues that trust cannot be easily isolated as a form of social interaction without the risk of overseeing the nuance between practices and ideas. Using a case study of a rural community in post-socialist Slovakia, the author examines how trust and trustworthiness are built and applied under conditions of profound social transformation. Following mainstream anthropological approaches to post-socialism, he shows that this transformation has deeply affected the patterns of local social interaction. Moreover, following Slovakia's recent EU accession, increased social and work mobility have further complicated the picture. If trust remains a crucial idea underpinning individual social choices, cognitive constructions of trustworthiness tend to diverge from practices. This is due, among other factors, to the difficulty of calibrating spatial and temporal mental models of trustworthiness with trust as social action.