Journal articles: 'Social localisation'

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Högström, Ebba, Lina Berglund-Snodgrass, and Maria Fjellfeldt. "The Challenges of Social Infrastructure for Urban Planning." Urban Planning 7, no. 4 (December 22, 2022): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v7i4.6526.

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This editorial addresses social infrastructure in relation to urban planning and localisation, drawing together the themes in this thematic issue on “Localizing Social Infrastructures: Welfare, Equity, and Community.” Having contextualised social infrastructure, we present each of the 12 contributions by theme: (a) the social consequences of the localisation of social infrastructure for individuals, (b) the preconditions for localising social infrastructure in the urban landscape, and (c) the social consequences for the long-term social sustainability of the wider community. We conclude with the openings for future research, such as the need to continue researching localisation (for example, the ways localisations of social infrastructure support, maintain, or hinder inclusion and community-building, and which benefits would come out of using localisation as a strategic planning tool); second, funding (the funding of non-commercial social infrastructure and who would take on the responsibility); and third, situated knowledge (the knowledge needed by planners, architects, social service officials, decision makers, and the like to address and safeguard the importance of social infrastructure in urban development and regeneration processes).

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Norberg-Hodge, Helena, and Shu KITANO. "Localisation, a Strategy for Social and Ecological Renewal." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 30, no. 1 (2011): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.30.40.

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Pahl, Claus, and Luke Collins. "Software Service Adaptation Based on Interface Localisation." International Journal of Systems and Service-Oriented Engineering 5, no. 1 (January 2015): 16–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssoe.2015010102.

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The aim of Web services is the provision of software services to a range of different users in different locations. Service localisation in this context can facilitate the internationalisation and localisation of services by allowing their adaption to different locales. The authors investigate three dimensions: (i) lingual localisation by providing service-level language translation techniques to adopt services to different languages, (ii) regulatory localisation by providing standards-based mappings to achieve regulatory compliance with regionally varying laws, standards and regulations, and (iii) social localisation by taking into account preferences and customs for individuals and the groups or communities in which they participate. The objective is to support and implement an explicit modelling of aspects that are relevant to localisation and runtime support consisting of tools and middleware services to automating the deployment based on models of locales, driven by the two localisation dimensions. The authors focus here on an ontology-based conceptual information model that integrates locale specification into service architectures in a coherent way.

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Olivier, Michelle M., Benjamin P. Wilson, and Johnathon L. Howard. "Determining Localisation Metrics." Social Indicators Research 131, no. 2 (February 12, 2016): 467–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1269-6.

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Avendal, Christel. "Social Work in Ghana." Journal of Comparative Social Work 6, no. 2 (October 3, 2011): 106–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/jcsw.v6i2.70.

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In contemporary Ghana, the traditional system and professional social work operate as two parallel systems within the field of social work. The aim of this study was to investigate if and how the teaching of contemporary professional social work in Ghana takes into account traditional actors and practices. The traditional system includes extended family members and traditional authorities such as chiefs or family heads. It formed the social institution that protected and cared for the vulnerable before (Western) social work was introduced as a formal profession in Ghana. A 10-week ethnographic field study was conducted at the Department of Social Work at the University of Ghana. The study employed a qualitative, social constructionist approach, interpreting the results within a theoretical framework of social world theory. The empirical material consisted of interviews with students and teachers, participant observation at lectures, and various documents. The main findings of the study were that professional social workers and traditional actors can be seen as members of two subworlds – the subworld of professional social workers and the subworld of traditional actors. Students and teachers discuss interventions from the perspective of social workers and traditional actors. Their ability to take different perspectives seems to be crucial for localisation – the process by which social work is made relevant to local culture and traditions. The interviewees’ accounts reveal how localisation is not only about culture, but also about social structures and practical considerations. The poor state of the social work profession in Ghana affects interventions in a profound way.

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Cao, Huhua, and Paul Villeneuve. "La localisation des garderies dans l’espace social de l’agglomération de Québec." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 42, no. 115 (April 12, 2005): 35–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/022710ar.

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Les services de garde à l'enfance jouent maintenant un rôle de premier plan dans le fonctionnement de nos sociétés. L'analyse de la localisation des garderies et de leur clientèle par rapport aux milieux sociaux de l'agglomération de Québec permet d'aborder la question des variations dans l'accessibilité aux services de garde. Les grands traits de l'espace socio-résidentiel de l'agglomération sont d'abord définis à l'aide d'une écologie factorielle. Les garderies et leur clientèle sont ensuite localisées dans cet espace. Plus de 100garderies offrent quelque 5000 places aux 25000enfants d'âge préscolaire de l'agglomération. En général, les garderies ont tendance à se localiser dans les zones centrales alors que les enfants d'âge préscolaire habitent très majoritairement les banlieues éloignées. Cette contradiction apparente fait l'objet d'une analyse plus poussée qui montre que le lieu de travail des parents influence grandement le rapport entre la répartition de l'offre de places en garderie et la répartition de la demande, ce qui pourrait avoir des conséquences intéressantes pour les quartiers urbains centraux. Enfin, des relations significatives sont établies entre la localisation des garderies et leur degré de mixité sociale.

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Eriksson, Rikard, Urban Lindgren, and Gunnar Malmberg. "Agglomeration Mobility: Effects of Localisation, Urbanisation, and Scale on Job Changes." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 40, no. 10 (October 2008): 2419–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a39312.

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Following increased attention being paid to the importance of labour-market processes in relation to knowledge diffusion and learning, this study addresses the influence of agglomeration economies (localisation, urbanisation, and scale) on the propensity to change jobs between and within local labour markets. From the use of longitudinal individual data (1990–2002), controlling for factors such as age, sex, income, and social relations, the results show that the composition of regional economies influences labour-market dynamism. We identify two cases of intraregional agglomeration mobility, that is, positive effects on job mobility, due to the concentration of similar activities (localisation economies) and the size of the labour market (urbanisation economies). The results also show that localisation economies compensate for regional structural disadvantages connected to small population numbers, as localisation effects in small regions have a significantly positive effect on intraregional job-mobility rates, even compared with localisation effects in large and diversified metropolitan areas. The results indicate that the concentration of similar activities may be useful for small regions, if high levels of job mobility are crucial for the transfer of knowledge and the performance of firms.

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Ros, Montserrat, Joshua Boom, Gavin de Hosson, and Matthew D'Souza. "Indoor Localisation Using a Context-Aware Dynamic Position Tracking Model." International Journal of Navigation and Observation 2012 (February 13, 2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/293048.

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Indoor wireless localisation is a widely sought feature for use in logistics, health, and social networking applications. Low-powered localisation will become important for the next generation of pervasive media applications that operate on mobile platforms. We present an inexpensive and robust context-aware tracking system that can track the position of users in an indoor environment, using a wireless smart meter network. Our context-aware tracking system combines wireless trilateration with a dynamic position tracking model and a probability density map to estimate indoor positions. The localisation network consisted of power meter nodes placed at known positions in a building. The power meter nodes are tracked by mobile nodes which are carried by users to localise their position. We conducted an extensive trial of the context-aware tracking system and performed a comparison analysis with existing localisation techniques. The context-aware tracking system was able to localise a person's indoor position with an average error of 1.21 m.

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Elkahlout, Ghassan, and Kareem Elgibali. "From Theory to Practice: A Study of Remotely Managed Localised Humanitarian Action in Syria." Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 15, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 235–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1542316620922503.

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With unique strengths, problems, and challenges, localisation is an increasingly important modality for humanitarian relief. Based on the primary research including interviews with practitioners who are expert and experienced in localisation and remote management in Syria, the article offers an important case study of remote management during conflict, with analysis of local staff adherence to humanitarian principles and standards, local access and acceptance in conflict zones, the dynamics between international and local organisations and staff, the transfer of decision making from international nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) to local NGOs, and the potential risks involved. It argues that localisation has inherent strengths due to the social advantages of local staff but lacks sufficient institutional support from the international humanitarian system and that there are ethical and legal problems with transferring risk and security considerations for local NGOs.

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Dougan, Timothy, and Kevin Curran. "Detection of Social Interaction Using Mobile Phones via Device Free Passive Localisation." International Journal of Handheld Computing Research 5, no. 4 (October 2014): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijhcr.2014100102.

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Mobile devices which make use of 802.11 Wi-Fi are ubiquitous in modern society. At the same time, there is an unmet need in research and monitoring applications, and particularly in those relating to service and healthcare scenarios, to accurately detect the occurrence and hence frequency and duration of human interaction between subjects. Various sensor modalities exist that are able to perform localization of human subjects with useful degrees of accuracy, but in all cases they are either expensive, inflexible, or prone to influencing subject behaviour via the Hawthorne or observer effect. Given the ubiquity of mobile devices, it is the contention of this paper that a system which localizes human presence based on the human body's obstructive effects on RF transmissions through interpretation of perturbation of the Received Signal Strength values generated during transmission, may offer a system that is both inexpensive and flexible, while avoiding the need for direct subject participation, and thus reducing the impact of the Hawthorne effect.

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Norberg-Hodge, Helena. "The Economics of Happiness: The Ecological, Economical, and Social Benefits of Localisation." International Journal of Environmental, Cultural, Economic, and Social Sustainability: Annual Review 1, no. 5 (2006): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1832-2077/cgp/v01i05/54211.

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Sheriff, A. "Localisation and social composition of the East African slave trade, 1858–1873." Slavery & Abolition 9, no. 3 (December 1988): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01440398808574966.

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Ho, Wai-chung. "Between globalisation and localisation: a study of Hong Kong popular music." Popular Music 22, no. 2 (May 2003): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026114300300309x.

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Popular music in Hong Kong is the production of a multi-faceted dynamic of international and local factors. Although there has been much attention to its growth from different perspectives, there has been no single study that systematically addresses the complicated interplay of the two interrelated processes of globalisation and localisation that lie behind its development. The main aim of this paper is to explore how social circumstances mediate musical communication among Hong Kong popular artists and audiences, and contribute to its growing sense of cultural identity – how locality emerges in the context of a global culture and how global facts take local form. Firstly, I propose a conceptual framework for understanding the cultural dynamics of popular music in terms of the discourse of globalisation and localisation. Secondly, I consider local practices of musical consumption and production. Thirdly, this paper discusses the impact of the global entertainment business on local popular music. I conclude with a summary of the effects of the interaction between globalisation and localisation on Hong Kong popular music.

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Chaturvedi, Santosh K., and Albert Michael. "Do Social and Demographic Factors Influence the Nature and Localisation of Somatic Complaints?" Psychopathology 26, no. 5-6 (1993): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000284830.

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Keshavarzi, Hamideh, Caroline Lee, Mark Johnson, David Abbott, Wei Ni, and Dana L. M. Campbell. "Validation of Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) Devices on Sheep to Detect Grazing Movement Leaders and Social Networks in Merino Ewes." Sensors 21, no. 3 (January 30, 2021): 924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030924.

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Understanding social behaviour in livestock groups requires accurate geo-spatial localisation data over time which is difficult to obtain in the field. Automated on-animal devices may provide a solution. This study introduced an Real-Time-Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System (RTK-GNSS) localisation device (RTK rover) based on an RTK module manufactured by the company u-blox (Thalwil, Switzerland) that was assembled in a box and harnessed to sheep backs. Testing with 7 sheep across 4 days confirmed RTK rover tracking of sheep movement continuously with accuracy of approximately 20 cm. Individual sheep geo-spatial data were used to observe the sheep that first moved during a grazing period (movement leaders) in the one-hectare test paddock as well as construct social networks. Analysis of the optimum location update rate, with a threshold distance of 20 cm or 30 cm, showed that location sampling at a rate of 1 sample per second for 1 min followed by no samples for 4 min or 9 min, detected social networks as accurately as continuous location measurements at 1 sample every 5 s. The RTK rover acquired precise data on social networks in one sheep flock in an outdoor field environment with sampling strategies identified to extend battery life.

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SABOURIN, Paul. "La régionalisation du social. Une approche de l’étude de cas en sociologie." Sociologie et sociétés 25, no. 2 (September 30, 2002): 69–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/001662ar.

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Résumé La sociologie fait face au constat du caractère local des savoirs et des objets qui figurent en tant que médiation de ses travaux empiriques. Cet article propose d'utiliser les referents de la localisation sociale (langage, espace et temps de l'action sociale) afin d'orienter la démarche d'étude de cas. Concevant que les savoirs et les pratiques sociales, dans les sociétés contemporaines, sont localisés plutôt que strictement locaux, l'auteur définit, ï partir de la description du processus d'assimilation et d'accommodation (J. Piaget) dont font état la connaissance et les pratiques sociales, les règles d'une méthode permettant l'identification d'une régionalisation du social. À l'appui de cette démarche, un traitement de l'information en série, recourant à l'informatique qualitative des documents, est proposé pour reconstruire les formes sociales constitutives d'une économie régionalisée.

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Arnault, Louis, and Sandrine Juin. "Santé du parent et choix de localisation des enfants." Gérontologie et société 43 / n° 165, no. 2 (August 13, 2021): 179–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/gs1.165.0179.

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Sutherland, Heather. "The Makassar Malays: Adaptation and Identity, c. 1660-1790." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 32, no. 3 (October 2001): 397–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463401000224.

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Extensive trade networks and Islam shaped Malay identity. The Dutch conquest of Makassar (1666-69) compelled the Malays there to redefine themselves, mastering new trade routes, political arenas and social alliances. During the eighteenth century they both evaded and exploited ethnic classification, as their enforced focus on regional commerce and integration into port society encouraged localisation.

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Aubin, Marie-Christine. "La localisation en 2009 : la fin d’un rêve." Cahiers franco-canadiens de l'Ouest 22, no. 2 (April 23, 2012): 119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1009118ar.

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Depuis dix ans, le débat anime les rencontres de traducteurs : la localisation est-elle de la traduction, rajeunie par l’emploi d’outils informatiques, ou est-elle de l’informatique appliquée à des activités de traduction ? De l’informatique, certes, mais alliée à la gestion de projet, à la recherche terminologique et aux diverses variétés linguistiques, tout cela pour permettre à des utilisateurs « locaux » d’avoir des objets qui leur ressemblent, qui leur parlent leur langage. Ces outils performants, bien utilisés par des traducteurs chevronnés, allaient enfin permettre de respecter, grâce à la stylistique différentielle, par exemple, les différences culturelles et linguistiques, même au sein d’une zone unilingue comme la francophonie. Le respect des différences culturelles dans le processus de localisation, c’était ça, le rêve. C’était aussi la formation de traducteurs d’élite, à la fois traducteurs, informaticiens, gestionnaires de projet, mais aussi experts à reconnaître les différences culturelles au sein des zones linguistiques correspondant à leurs langues de travail et entre ces différentes langues; des traducteurs qui, grâce à ce bagage, allaient pouvoir obtenir une reconnaissance bien méritée et un statut social enviable. En 2009, force est de constater que la réalité est loin de ce que nous avions rêvé…

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Ellefsen, Ugo, and Miguel Á. Bernal-Merino. "Harnessing the roar of the crowd." Journal of Internationalization and Localization 5, no. 1 (August 10, 2018): 21–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jial.00009.ell.

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Abstract Through quantitative data analysis, this study explores the attitudes of gamers from different French-speaking locales (Belgium, France, Canada, and Switzerland) in relation to their language preference and opinions of translated material while playing video games. The intended goal is to develop a replicable methodology for data collection about the linguistic preferences of video game players. The research strategy is based on online questionnaires distributed to gamers through social media. The results highlight players’ level of satisfaction regarding the localisation of games and suggest that industry strategies put forward till recently may be rather inadequate. Linguistic preferences seem to vary within locales based on factors such as English language proficiency and personal background. The results of this research may serve the implementation of new localisation strategies for video game products in French-speaking countries of emerging markets or other multinational languages.

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Kuzmics, Glebs, and Maaruf Ali. "Intra-building People Localisation Using Personal Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Devices." Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing 2, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33166/aetic.2018.02.003.

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This paper discusses the conceptual implementation of a system to locate people inside buildings using their personal Bluetooth® low energy device(s) in situations of a crisis. Various aspects of BLE technology are covered with regard to their usage for emergency management. Legal, social, ethical and professional issues are also discussed in using this technology, especially in matters of safeguarding information privacy. The plan of the proposed system is then discussed and concluded.

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Afro‐centric Alliance, An. "Indigenising organisational change: localisation in Tanzania and Malawi." Journal of Managerial Psychology 16, no. 1 (February 2001): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683940110366579.

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Kirwan, James, Brian Ilbery, Damian Maye, and Joy Carey. "Grassroots social innovations and food localisation: An investigation of the Local Food programme in England." Global Environmental Change 23, no. 5 (October 2013): 830–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.12.004.

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Ji, Qing-Ge, Rui Chi, and Zhe-Ming Lu. "Anomaly detection and localisation in the crowd scenes using a block-based social force model." IET Image Processing 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-ipr.2016.0044.

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Barr, Stewart, and Justin Pollard. "Geographies of Transition: Narrating environmental activism in an age of climate change and ‘Peak Oil’." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 49, no. 1 (August 20, 2016): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x16663205.

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The growth of community-based Transition Town initiatives in countries like the UK, USA and Canada is popularly perceived to represent a broad, socially inclusive and grounded approach to tackling environmental problems in place-based communities. In focusing on resilience as a core theme, so-called re-localisation initiatives attempt to adopt consensus based approaches to decision making and to highlight the need for an ‘inner transition’ of the self that encourages closer connections between individuals and nature. In this way, Transition has been framed as a new form of social and environmental movement that is re-casting community and political relations for a low carbon and post ‘Peak oil’ future. Yet despite these emergent philosophies of Transition and the considerable scholarship being generated on the role and success of such initiatives, there is an urgent need to situate and analyse Transition within broader understandings of environmental activism. Using data from a two year research project on ‘Values in Transition’, this paper argues that the praxis and spatial complexity of Transition can be understood more deeply through a narrative lens. In mobilising critical scholarship on environmental activism, the paper calls for a ‘Transition Geographies’ that views re-localisation as a dynamic and complex coalescence of competing narratives that sit between traditional forms of environmental activism and directive initiatives for individual behaviour change. As such, the paper highlights the ways in which this new form of environmental activism is shaping praxis across space, and the implications this has for those advocating re-localisation as a strategy for tackling climate change and resource scarcity.

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Xu, Haocheng, Shenghong Li, Caroline Lee, Wei Ni, David Abbott, Mark Johnson, Jim M. Lea, Jinhong Yuan, and Dana L. M. Campbell. "Analysis of Cattle Social Transitional Behaviour: Attraction and Repulsion." Sensors 20, no. 18 (September 18, 2020): 5340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185340.

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Understanding social interactions in livestock groups could improve management practices, but this can be difficult and time-consuming using traditional methods of live observations and video recordings. Sensor technologies and machine learning techniques could provide insight not previously possible. In this study, based on the animals’ location information acquired by a new cooperative wireless localisation system, unsupervised machine learning approaches were performed to identify the social structure of a small group of cattle yearlings (n=10) and the social behaviour of an individual. The paper first defined the affinity between an animal pair based on the ranks of their distance. Unsupervised clustering algorithms were then performed, including K-means clustering and agglomerative hierarchical clustering. In particular, K-means clustering was applied based on logical and physical distance. By comparing the clustering result based on logical distance and physical distance, the leader animals and the influence of an individual in a herd of cattle were identified, which provides valuable information for studying the behaviour of animal herds. Improvements in device robustness and replication of this work would confirm the practical application of this technology and analysis methodologies.

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Milner, Anthony. "Localisation, regionalism and the history of ideas in Southeast Asia." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 41, no. 3 (September 7, 2010): 541–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463410000305.

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Much analysis of Asian regional relations and institutions is written in an historical and cultural vacuum. The impression is often given that security or economic arrangements are comparable with physical structures — creations of engineers rather than social scientists (or even architects). The writings of Amitav Acharya, now Professor of International Affairs at American University in Washington, DC, are a distinguished exception. Already the author of major books on security architecture and community identity in Southeast Asia – including his Constructing a Community in Southeast Asia, which has just come out in a new edition – Acharya has produced a careful study of the diffusion of security ideas and norms in the Asian region, particularly Southeast Asia. He concentrates in particular on the establishing in Asia of the norm of ‘cooperative security’ (as against ‘common security’) and the institution of the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF). It is a study – dealing especially with the last half century or so – which draws not just on the historical record of Southeast Asia but also on the theoretical insights of historians of that region. Acharya is genuine in his cross-disciplinary endeavour, and, in my view, has developed a methodology that invites a response from historians as well as practitioners in his own field of security studies.

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Schiele, Holger, Matthias De Visser, and Tobias Bohnenkamp. "Replacing global sourcing with deep localisation: The role of social capital in building local supply chains." International Journal of Procurement Management 1, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpm.2019.10024562.

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Bohnenkamp, Tobias, Holger Schiele, and Matthias De Visser. "Replacing global sourcing with deep localisation: the role of social capital in building local supply chains." International Journal of Procurement Management 13, no. 1 (2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpm.2020.105200.

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Edmonds, Ruth. "Making children’s ‘agency’ visible: Towards the localisation of a concept in theory and practice." Global Studies of Childhood 9, no. 3 (August 28, 2019): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2043610619860994.

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The concept of ‘agency’ is regularly put forward as an analytic tool to help understand, evaluate and act upon places around the world, through social development policies and programmes ostensibly designed to support or increase children’s agency. This article reflects on empirical research into children’s agency spanning a range of international contexts over two decades and offers new insights through critical engagement with a growing body of work on the ‘localisation’ of social development and humanitarian responses in international settings. It suggests that the largely normative ways in which the concept of agency is invoked as an analytic tool for understanding human experience universally effectively renders children’s agency invisible to us. This is because it is more a description of a particular discourse than something which actually helps us to understand and make visible children’s socio-culturally grounded ‘agentic practice’ from place to place. This article argues for new directions in research and practice to localise agency that are critical to the central commitments of interpretive social science. These new directions include (a) a new research agenda which can go beyond children’s ‘own perspectives’ to the discovery, description and analysis of agency in socio-cultural terms, to ensure it can function as an analytic tool for learning about socio-cultural phenomena which help animate local concepts of agency; and (b) the development of agency-related policies and programmes that are grounded in such locally situated concepts of agency developed through understanding local socio-cultural systems rather than externally derived socio-cultural assumptions about childhood and children’s agency.

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Fischer, Manfred M., Thomas Scherngell, and Eva Jansenberger. "Geographic localisation of knowledge spillovers: evidence from high-tech patent citations in Europe." Annals of Regional Science 43, no. 4 (April 3, 2009): 839–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00168-009-0300-0.

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Eberlein, Ruben. "On the road to the state's perdition? Authority and sovereignty in the Niger Delta, Nigeria." Journal of Modern African Studies 44, no. 4 (November 1, 2006): 573–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x06002096.

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This article discusses the reorganisation and fragmentation of political rule in the Nigerian Niger Delta from the end of the 1990s until today. It details empirical evidence on the resources provided by transnational interventions, especially those connected to the changing security strategies of oil companies as well as intensified corporate social deployments, and on the appropriation of these resources by local actors. The continued drive from neopatrimonial to predatory rule, it is argued, has taken a decided twist towards localisation during recent years. Instead of constructing the crises in the Niger Delta as an example of ‘state failure’, the focus of this article is directed at the establishment of extra-state political formations, their legitimising discourses and social practices.

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Chmieliński, Paweł. "Localisation and development opportunities of rural communities in the opinion of local representatives." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 58, no. 6 (2010): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201058060171.

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The study is aimed at analysing the role of location as a factor affecting development of rural communities. Research findings presented in the paper are based on the findings from survey conducted by the Department of Social and Regional Policy of IAFE-NRI in 2006. Study showed that location of villages close to urban areas (especially where local self-government is located) affects their economic development. In opinion of almost every fifth of surveyed villages’ representatives, location close to the town influenced development of entrepreneurship.

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Nagati, Omar, Hanaa Gad, Amin Ali El-Didi, Jacob M. Kihila, Elinorata Mbuya, and Emmanuel Njavike. "Localising the SDGs in African Cities: A Grounded Methodology." Africa Development 47, no. 4 (January 10, 2023): 157–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.57054/ad.v47i4.2981.

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This article’s starting point is the recognition that urban Africa faces a set of economic, social, political and infrastructural challenges sufficiently specific to its context to warrant its own (hitherto modest) repertoire of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) localisation roadmaps. Drawing on field-based comparative research across Cairo and Dar es Salaam, and focusing on SDG 6 (water and sanitation) and SDG 11.2 (mobility), the article develops a research methodology that helps to detect fissures between the general SDG framework and microscopic realities on the ground in African cities. Although each of the two cities has a specific set of urban realities and development paradigms, the paper develops a localisation process that is applicable across both geographies (and beyond) based on the similar prevalence of urban informality in African cities, which the current SDG framework insufficiently, or at times inaccurately, factors in. The methodology comprises three key components: 1) a top-down policy analysis of SDG responses at national and city levels; 2) grounded field research of local practices at a neighbourhood level; and 3) revising the SDG targets and indicators through a proposed ‘Toolkit for Localising’.

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Grantham, George W. "Espaces Privilégiés Productivité agraire et zones d'approvisionnement des villes dans l'Europe préindustrielle." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 52, no. 3 (June 1997): 695–725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1997.279591.

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Aussi longtemps que la productivité agricole est restée basse et le coût du transport élevé, la plupart des gens ont dû vivre et travailler à la campagne. En conséquence, la dispersion de la population a été une caractéristique forte de l'économie préindustrielle. Ce n'est pas avant la seconde moitié du 19esiècle, quand la forte baisse du coût des transports et des communications a permis la formation de ceintures agricoles spécialisées et la localisation de manufactures dans des districts industriels densement peuplés, que l'ancienne répartition géographique s'est trouvée significativement altérée. Avant cette époque d'intégration économique, les espaces d'échange intersectoriel intense entre les économies urbaines et rurales étaient compacts et disjoints ce qui incitait peu à mobiliser la productivité potentielle de la technologie préindustrielle.

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Badii, Michela. "Traditional Food Heritage in Contemporary Tuscany." Ethnologies 35, no. 2 (September 10, 2014): 129–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1026551ar.

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This article aims to explore the creation of a heritage in traditional food in contemporary Tuscany. For this purpose, we will analyse the “social life” developing around the zolfino bean, a product which is a symbol of local tradition. The main subjects of the study are observed during their everyday lives in the local context in order to identify food heritage policies as well as the subjectivization processes emerging from below. In particular, we will look at the “battle” for labelling which highlights the controversial line between localisation and globalisation. This case study reveals the ambiguous nature of heritage policies which transform local capital into goods embodying a sense of “belonging to the territory” in terms of social access and lifestyle.

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López Jiménez, Juan José. "En torno a una geografía social del envejecimiento y de las personas ancianas." Estudios Geográficos 52, no. 203 (June 30, 1991): 223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/egeogr.1991.i203.223.

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El objetivo de este artículo es una presentación de las contribuciones internacionales de la Geografía al estudio del envejecimiento y de las personas ancianas, agrupadas en los siguientes enfoques: a) La distribución y localización geográfica del enveJecirniento y de las personas ancianas. b) El comportamiento espacial y el contexto ambiental de las personas ancianas. c) Migraciones y movilidad de las personas ancianas. Finalmente se ofrece una visión de las Gerontología social corno punto de convergencia interdisciplinar de las ciencias sociales que tienen como sujeto de estudio a las personas ancianas. [fr] L'objetif de cet article est una présentation des contributions internationaux de la Géographie aux études du vieillissement et des personnnes agées grour.ées dans les optiques suivantes: a) La distribution et localisation géographique du vie11lissement et des personnes agées. b) Le comportement spatial et le contexte environmental des personnes agées. e) Migrations et mobilité des personnes agées.-Finalement, on s'offre une vision de la Gerontologie Sociale comme point de repere interdisciplinaire des sciences sociales qui a comme sujet l'étude de personnes agées.

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Verdugo, Grégory. "Le choix de localisation des immigrés en France : le rôle du logement social et des réseaux ethniques." Revue d'Économie Régionale & Urbaine septembre, no. 2 (2014): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/reru.142.0241.

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Lasker, Gabriel W., and Pamela D. Raspe. "Given Name Relationships Support Surname ‘Genetics’: A Note and Correction." Journal of Biosocial Science 24, no. 1 (January 1992): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000006878.

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SummaryAnalysis of a further four samples of first names in the index of marriages registered in England and Wales in the first 3 months of 1975 support the claim that there is no significant difference of ‘between’ versus ‘within’ registration district Ri. Since given names show none of the localisation seen in surnames, the surname geography is ascribable to genetic rather than cultural factors of personal naming. The correct formulations for coefficient of relationship by isonymy are given.

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George, Ajith, Chris Coulson, Elizabeth Ross, and Ranit De. "Single-Stage BAHA and Mastoid Obliteration." International Journal of Otolaryngology 2012 (2012): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/765271.

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A single-stage fitting of a bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) implant and abutment with mastoid obliteration both obviates the need for two separate procedures and utilises the BAHA soft tissue reduction in the mastoid obliteration. Such a procedure has good outcomes in terms of osseointegration and achieving a dry ear. We present a 6-patient case series report highlighting the technique of combined BAHA insertion and mastoid obliteration in six patients. All patients at twelve-month followup have a good degree of sound localisation and hearing thresholds with their BAHA and are free from the social stigma associated with a foul smelling discharging ear.

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Kraft, Marek, Mateusz Piechocki, Bartosz Ptak, and Krzysztof Walas. "Autonomous, Onboard Vision-Based Trash and Litter Detection in Low Altitude Aerial Images Collected by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." Remote Sensing 13, no. 5 (March 4, 2021): 965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13050965.

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Public littering and discarded trash are, despite the effort being put to limit it, still a serious ecological, aesthetic, and social problem. The problematic waste is usually localised and picked up by designated personnel, which is a tiresome, time-consuming task. This paper proposes a low-cost solution enabling the localisation of trash and litter objects in low altitude imagery collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) during an autonomous patrol mission. The objects of interest are detected in the acquired images and put on the global map using a set of onboard sensors commonly found in typical UAV autopilots. The core object detection algorithm is based on deep, convolutional neural networks. Since the task is domain-specific, a dedicated dataset of images containing objects of interest was collected and annotated. The dataset is made publicly available, and its description is contained in the paper. The dataset was used to test a range of embedded devices enabling the deployment of deep neural networks for inference onboard the UAV. The results of measurements in terms of detection accuracy and processing speed are enclosed, and recommendations for the neural network model and hardware platform are given based on the obtained values. The complete system can be put together using inexpensive, off-the-shelf components, and perform autonomous localisation of discarded trash, relieving human personnel of this burdensome task, and enabling automated pickup planning.

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Cavazzani, Ada. "Innovazione sociale e strategie di connessione delle reti alimentari alternative." SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE, no. 87 (June 2009): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sur2008-087007.

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- This paper is discussing the social innovation represented by the alternative food networks in Italy. With reference to the scientific debate, the analysis is foSummaries cussed on three main issues: the diversity of the networks, their common principles and the strategies of inter-connection among the different networks. These networks are based on the development of direct relationships between producers and consumers and on processes of food re-localisation. They counteract the dominant agro-food system by promoting quality products distributed through short chains. The emerging inter-connection between the various collective practices linked to the question of food production is interpreted as an alternative globalization. Initiatives promoted by peasant organizations of Latin American, African and Asian countries tend to be reinforced by the connection with the alternative practices of food producers and reflexive consumers of Western countries.Key words: social innovation; alternative food networks; peasant agriculture; short chains; critical consumers; inter-connection.

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Raben, Remco. "Colonial shorthand and historical knowledge: Segregation and localisation in a Dutch colonial society." Journal of Modern European History 18, no. 2 (March 20, 2020): 177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1611894420910903.

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Issues of segregation and difference in early-modern Dutch Batavia prove harder to define once we move beyond the picture presented by colonial authorities and move away geographically from the centre of colonial knowledge production. Ethnic quarters were established in the colonial cities, but religious identities blurred strict racial boundary making. Three case studies demonstrate how new lines of identification and distinction emerged, which cut across formal ethnic classifiers. Colonial societies were extremely complex places, where race, occupation, religion, class, and legal status constantly interplayed and directed the definition of social boundaries. Instead of thinking in terms of ethnic segregation as presented in the colonial records, this contribution proposes to think in terms of ‘moral communities’. By so doing, we might be able to balance better between ‘Closeness and Proximity’ in colonial societies. We can thus try to visualise colonial society not primarily as a hierarchical order with fairly strict or at least distinctive internal boundaries as defined by the colonial authorities, but as a society of different and overlapping socio-cultural spheres and as circles of trust rather than of bounded ethnic communities.

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Leveau, Philippe. "Occupation du sol, géosystèmes et systèmes sociaux. Rome et ses ennemis des montagnes et du désert dans le Maghreb antique." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 41, no. 6 (December 1986): 1345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1986.283352.

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« Entre le nomade redoutable par sa mobilitéet le montagnard inaccessible dans ses hauteurs,le paysan des plaines et des collinesméditerranéennes avait presque toujourssuccombé » (J. DESPOIS, « Géographie et histoireen Afrique du Nord, retouche à unethèse », dans Éventail de l'histoire vivante.Hommage à Lucien Febvre, t. 1, Paris, 1953,p. 194).Pour l'historien de l'Antiquité, l'étude de l'occupation du sol ne peut être réduite à la confection de cartes de localisation des sites. De natures différentes, les sites s'organisent en réseaux qui nous renseignent sur l'organisation des espaces ruraux. Les différenciations dans l'organisation des campagnes permettent d'individualiser et de caractériser des systèmes sociaux et des périodes chronologiques. L'étude de l'occupation du sol est donc obligatoirement diachronique (on ne peut entreprendre une prospection en étant fermé à tout vestige d'occupation qui paraît relever d'une période autre) et inter- ou même trans-disciplinaire. Il faut être, comme l'historien, sensible aux successions : succession des événements, succession des formes sociales, succession des paysages ; il faut être géographe ; il faut être attentif aux structures sociales.

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Faivre, Didier. "Nouveau souffle pour Galileo. La relance du programme européen de localisation et navigation par satellite." Futuribles, no. 342 (May 27, 2008): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/futur:200834235.

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Suwardi, Anna Christi. "Resilience and the Localisation of Trauma in Aceh, Indonesia, by Cathrine Smith (ed.)." Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 174, no. 4 (November 20, 2018): 545–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-17404020.

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Marino, Davide, Luigi Mastronardi, Agostino Giannelli, Vincenzo Giaccio, and Giampiero Mazzocchi. "Territorialisation dynamics for Italian farms adhering to Alternative Food Networks." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 40, no. 40 (June 1, 2018): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2018-0018.

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AbstractThe demographic processes of the last decades have led to variations in urban and peri-urban territorial configurations, questioning the patterns of traditional productive localisation. They have begun to outline new perspectives related to proximity to trading and commerce sites as well as to the services offered by the city. Business strategies, such as multifunctionality and diversification, have begun to consider these new possibilities that, at a larger scale, have triggered the process of territorialisation. The study analyses the influence of proximity to the city on the strategies of farms diversifying income through short food chains, with the aim of identifying the prevailing behaviours adopted in three different concentric areas at the urban centre of gravity: peri-urban, belt and rural. The study involves a dataset constituted by 217 farms, where each farm has been associated with a set of explanatory variables that outline some structural, social and economic characteristics. The sample has been segmented through a hierarchical cluster analysis, which allowed us to identify 5 groups of farms, after having reduced the number of variables through PCA (Principal Component Analysis). The results show that short food chains and, more generally, AFNs, are based on strategies alternative to those of traditional chains, and which involve a different economic dimension of the same chains and the construction of a different place-based agro-food system, also envisaging a re-localisation of space near the final market.

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Konvitz, Josef. "Représentations urbaines et bombardements stratégiques, 1914-1945." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 44, no. 4 (August 1989): 823–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1989.283627.

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Les bombardements stratégiques, tels qu'ils ont fait l'objet de discussions dans l'entre-deux-guerres et tels qu'ils ont été opérés au cours de la deuxième guerre mondiale, reposaient sur certaines hypothèses concernant la nature de la vie urbaine et le rôle des villes dans la civilisation moderne. Les recherches sur les origines, l'utilisation et les effets des bombardements stratégiques, pas plus d'ailleurs que les études sur le développement urbain contemporain, n'ont abordé ce sujet. Cependant il est certainement important pour les historiens des villes, les spécialistes de l'histoire militaire et pour ceux des questions de sécurité d'analyser plus précisément la relation unique qui s'est établie entre les villes et la guerre au cours de ce siècle. Dans un passé plus éloigné des villes particulières ont été détruites (Carthage) ou assiégées (Copenhague), leurs défenses ont été rasées par un pouvoir jaloux de ses prérogatives (Dunkerque) ou leur ouverture sur le monde extérieur empêchée (Anvers), le plus souvent à cause de l'importance stratégique de leur localisation, de leur richesse ou de leurs ressources.

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Ramognino, Nicole. "À propos des corps, du temps, de l’espace et de la signification." IV- Controverses et perspectives, no. 61 (December 12, 2017): 167–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1042374ar.

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Lire librement au-delà des intentions, des « stratégies poïétiques » des auteurs ou du contenu immanent des textes ; sélectionner certaines « traces » et associer des significations ; cheminement réflexif sur les enjeux sociaux de carrière et sur la sensibilité des chercheurs. Interrogation sur thématiques récurrentes de l’enquête : la « longue durée », la territorialisation ou la situation et la question du sens. Deux voies : la méthode de l’ethnographe, et « l’objet observé ». Éclairer la « plus-value » de l’observation ethnographique : des corps en activité qui sont observés (l’activité comme opérateur de production du social), des subjectivités ; traces de processus antérieurs et latéraux, réactualisés ou non dans la forme d’engagement des acteurs en situation ; « localisation » des phénomènes, traces significatives pour reconstruire les représentations, donner sens aux gestes, comportements et activités des acteurs ; enrichissement de notre expérience. Y a-t-il, alors, analyse sociologique ?

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Kaneko, Yoshihiro, Takehito Takano, and Keiko Nakamura. "Visual localisation of community health needs to rational decision-making in public health services." Health & Place 9, no. 3 (September 2003): 241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1353-8292(02)00056-4.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Social localisation'

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