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Hobeika, Lise. "Interplay between multisensory integration and social interaction in auditory space : towards an integrative neuroscience approach of proxemics." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB116.
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L'homme ne perçoit pas l'espace de manière homogène : le cerveau code l'espace proche du corps différemment de l'espace lointain. Cette distinction joue un rôle primordial notre comportement social : l'espace proche du corps, appelé espace péripersonnel (EPP), serait une zone de protection du corps, où la présence d'un individu est perçue comme une menace. L'EPP a été initialement décrit par la psychologie sociale et l'anthropologie, comme un facteur de la communication humaine. L'EPP a été plus tard décrit chez le singe par des études de neurophysiologie comme un espace codé par des neurones multisensoriels. Ces neurones déchargent uniquement en réponse à des évènements sensoriels situés à une distance limitée du corps du singe (qu'ils soient tactiles, visuels ou auditifs). L'ensemble de ces neurones multisensoriels code ainsi l'EPP tout autour du corps. Ce codage exclusif de l'EPP est crucial pour interagir avec le monde extérieur, car c'est dans cet espace que sont réalisées les actions visant à protéger le corps ou visant à atteindre des objets autour de soi. Le codage mutlisensoriel de l'EPP pendant des interactions sociales est à ce jour peu étudié. Dans ce travail de recherche, nous avons réalisé plusieurs études en vu d'identifier des facteurs contribuant à la perméabilité de l'EPP et ses aspects adaptatifs. Une première étude a examiné les frontières latérales de l'EPP chez des individus seuls, en mesurant l'interaction d'une source sonore dynamique s'approchant du corps avec le temps de détection de stimulations tactiles. Cette étude a montré des différences dans la taille de l'EPP entre les deux hémi-espaces, qui seraient liées à la latéralité manuelle. Une seconde étude a exploré les modulations de l'EPP dans des contextes sociaux. Elle a montré que l'EPP est modifié lorsque des individus réalisent une tâche en collaboration. La troisième étude est une recherche méthodologique qui vise à dépasser les limitations des paradigmes comportementaux utilisés actuellement pour mesurer l'EPP. Elle propose de nouvelles pistes pour évaluer comment les stimuli approchant le corps sont intégrés en fonction de leur distance et du contexte multisensoriel dans lequel ils sont traités. L'ensemble de ces travaux montre l'intérêt d'étudier l'intégration multisensorielle autour du corps dans l'espace 3D pour comprendre pleinement l'EPP, et les impacts potentiels de facteurs sociaux sur les processus multisensoriels de bas-niveaux. De plus, ces études soulignent l'importance pour les neurosciences sociales de développer des protocoles expérimentaux réellement sociaux, à plusieurs participantsThe space near the body, called peripersonal space (PPS), was originally studied in social psychology and anthropology as an important factor in interpersonal communication. It was later described by neurophysiological studies in monkeys as a space mapped with multisensory neurons. Those neurons discharge only when events are occurring near the body (be it tactile, visual or audio information), delineating the space that people consider as belonging to them. The human brain also codes events that are near the body differently from those that are farther away. This dedicated brain function is critical to interact satisfactorily with the external world, be it for defending oneself or to reach objects of interest. However, little is known about how this function is impacted by real social interactions. In this work, we have conducted several studies aiming at understanding the factors that contribute to the permeability and adaptive aspects of PPS. A first study examined lateral PPS for individuals in isolation, by measuring reaction time to tactile stimuli when an irrelevant sound is looming towards the body of the individual. It revealed an anisotropy of reaction time across hemispaces, that we could link to handedness. A second study explored the modulations of PPS in social contexts. It was found that minimal social instructions could influence the shape of peripersonal space, with a complex modification of behaviors in collaborative tasks that outreaches the handedness effect. The third study is a methodological investigation attempting to go beyond the limitations of the behavioral methods measuring PPS, and proposing a new direction to assess how stimuli coming towards the body are integrated according to their distance and the multisensory context in which they are processed. Taken together, our work emphasizes the importance of investigating multisensory integration in 3D space around the body to fully capture PPS mechanisms, and the potential impacts of social factors on low-level multisensory processes. Moreover, this research provides evidence that neurocognitive social investigations, in particular on space perception, benefit from going beyond the traditional isolated individual protocols towards actual live social interactive paradigms
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Hedström, Peter. "Ensemblespel : Ett socialt redskap främjar såväl interaktion som integration." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för musik och bild (MB), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-33965.
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Being an immigrant in a Swedish school today might not be easy. It´s quite difficult to be accepted and becoming a part of an already functioning group. Difficulties with the Swedish language doesn´t make it easier. Besides that the requisites of the school curriculum program are very demanding and Swedish students are often in advantage already being a part of the system for many years. By following five immigrant boys in grade 6 during ten ensemble lessons, one concert and individual interviews with the boys as well as with their teacher, this study aims to investigate how ensemble playing can function as a social tool and promote interaction as well as integration. The results in this study show that ensemble playing in fact can function as a social tool. The boys developed abilities in playing an instrument as well as cooperating and analyzing by using the social tool of ensemble playing. The results even show that ensemble playing can promote interaction as well as integration. Above everything was the concert where the boys acted in front of their classmates and were treated with great respect and acceptance.
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Letrouit, Lucie. "Three essays on the economics of social integration in an urban context." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0147.
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Cette thèse se compose de trois essais aux approches complémentaires portant sur l'économie de l'intégration sociale en milieu urbain. Le premier essai analyse l'émergence de hiérarchies ethno-culturelles dans un contexte multi-culturel, typique des grandes métropoles actuelles. Cette émergence est étudiée au moyen d'un modèle de théorie des jeux évolutionnaires selon lequel une vision hiérarchique commune émerge, dans une société, à partir d'une multitude d'interactions indépendantes entre membres des différents groupes ethno-culturels en présence. L'originalité du modèle proposé tient à l'inclusion de plusieurs minorités et conceptions hiérarchiques (i.e. modèle multi-groupes et multi-stratégies) et à la prise en compte des effets réciproques que plusieurs minorités peuvent avoir sur les statuts sociaux des autres. Ces effets permettent d'expliquer la relation non-linéaire entre taille d'une minorité et statut social suggérée par la littérature empirique, ainsi que les effets complexes de l'arrivée d'une nouvelle minorité sur les autres minorités. Le processus évolutionnaire étudié suggère que la hiérarchie ethno-culturelle adoptée est, dans la plupart des cas, économiquement sous-efficace car trop inégalitaire. Le deuxième essai présente un modèle d'économie urbaine adapté au contexte des villes d'Afrique sub-Saharienne où la propriété foncière est souvent informelle et incertaine et où les transactions foncières sont souvent entravées par d'importantes asymétries d'information entre acheteurs et vendeurs. Le modèle permet d'étudier théoriquement l'impact de deux institutions visant à réduire l'incertitude liée aux transactions. La première consiste en un système d'enregistrement formel des terrains dans un cadastre géré par l'administration, la deuxième en une norme sociale traditionnelle de confiance liant certains groupes sociaux. Le modèle qui est, à notre connaissance, le premier à étudier l'effet d'une norme sociale sur le fonctionnement d'un marché immobilier urbain et la structure urbaine, montre que le système d'enregistrement est plus efficace que la norme sociale si les coûts d'enregistrements sont limités, mais que les deux institutions sont en partie substituables. Il prédit que l'enregistrement des terrains remplacera progressivement les normes traditionnelles de confiance dans le futur, à mesure que les coûts d'enregistrement décroîtront.Enfin, le troisième essai consiste en une analyse économétrique des effets du Programme National de Rénovation Urbaine (PNRU), lancé en France en 2003 pour la rénovation de 600 quartiers défavorisés. Afin d'éviter certains biais liés à l'hétérogénéité des effets du programme entre les différents quartiers et entre les différentes périodes temporelles, nous mobilisons le tout récent estimateur DID_M développé par De Chaisemartin and D'Haultfoeuille (forthcoming) et complémentons ses résultats par une plus traditionnelle estimation de différences-de-différences. Nos résultats indiquent que le programme a eu des effets non-significatifs et, de toute façon, très limités (moins de 3.5%) sur les prix immobiliers dans les quartiers rénovés. Les effets sur les volumes de transactions sont aussi non significatifs. Toutefois, le programme a engendré une sensible évolution à la hausse du profil socio-professionnel des acheteurs de logement par rapport aux vendeurs, suggérant une certaine amélioration de l'attractivité des quartiers rénovésThis dissertation consists in three essays with complementary approaches on the economics of social integration in an urban setting. The first essay analyzes the emergence of ethno-cultural hierarchies in a multi-cultural context, typical of nowadays large metropolises. This emergence is studied using an evolutionary game theory model according to which, in a society, a common hierarchy view emerges from a multitude of independent interactions between members of the different ethno-cultural groups. The originality of the model lies in the featuring of several minorities and hierarchical views (i.e. multi-group and multi-strategy model) and in the reciprocal effects that minorities may have on each others' social statuses. These effects allow to explain the non-linear relationship between a minority's size and its status suggested by the empirical literature, as well as the complex impacts of a new minority's arrival on the other minorities. The evolutionary process implies that the adopted ethno-cultural hierarchy is, in most cases, too inegalitarian and thus economically inefficient. The second essay presents an urban economics model adapted to the sub-Saharan African city context where land ownership is often informal and uncertain and where land transactions are often hampered by important information asymmetries between buyers and sellers. The model allows to theoretically study the impact of two institutions aimed at reducing transaction uncertainty. The first one consists in a formal land registration system administered by the government, the second is a traditional social trust norm that links specific social groups. This model is, to the best of our knowledge, the first one to study the effects of a social norm on the functioning of an urban housing market and the urban structure. It shows that the land registration system is more efficient than the traditional trust norm if registration costs are limited, but also that the two institutions are partly substitutable. The model predicts that, with the gradual decrease of registration costs, land registration will progressively replace social trust norms in the future.Eventually, the third essay consists in an econometric analysis of a large urban renewal program launched in France in 2003 for the renovation of 600 deprived neighborhoods (i.e. the « Programme National de Rénovation Urbaine », PNRU). In order to avoid possible biases linked with heterogeneities in the program's effects across neighborhoods and across time periods, we rely on the very novel DID_M estimator developed by De Chaisemartin and D'Haultfoeuille (forthcoming) and complement its results with a more traditional difference-in-differences estimation. Our results suggest that the program had non-significant and, in any case, very limited effects (i.e. smaller than 3.5%) on housing prices in renovated neighborhoods. The program's effects on transaction volumes are also non-significant. However, the program led to a sizable upward evolution in the socio-professional status of housing buyers as compared to sellers, suggesting some improvement in the attractivity of renovated neighborhoods
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Pretorius, Mornay Charl. "The facilitation of social integration on community level : a social work perspective." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53636.
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Thesis (M Social Work)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.Some digitised pages may appear illegible due to the condition of the original hard copy.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Currently much attention is given in South African welfare legislation and in recent local and intemationalliterature and research to the process of social integration and the formation of social capital as one of the ideational outcomes of a social development approach, and therefore also a key practice element of developmental social work. Very little research have been undertaken to document the changes in social work practice brought about by the transition to a social development approach in South Africa. The purpose of this study is to formulate social work practice guidelines on the facilitation of social integration on community level. It therefore constitutes an attempt to illuminate how social workers could contribute to the national thrust toward the social integration of communities and provide valuable guidelines to social workers on the practical realization of this key element of developmental social work. In order to gain new insight and to clarify central concepts relating to this relatively unfamiliar research area, an exploratory research design was utilised. The population for the study consisted of practising social workers in welfare agencies subsidised by the Department of Social Services in the Cape Metropolitan area. From the population a sample was drawn utilising sampling strategies from both the probability and non-probability sampling procedures. The study was both qualitative and quantitative in nature and in-dept interviews were chosen as the method of datacollection. The interview schedule was compiled from the literature survey. In this survey the relation between the social development approach to welfare and social integration was explained, and some of the core focus areas for the social integration of South African communities were identified. Furthermore a discussion was given on community intervention strategies as a core method of social work as well as its practice implications for developmental social work. From this literature survey structured and unstructured questions were formulated and compiled in an interview schedule. This measurement instrument was utilised to explore how social workers can facilitate the social integration of communities through community intervention strategies. From the analysis ofthe results of the empirical study, social work practice guidelines on the facilitation of social integration on community level were formulated.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Huidige Suid-Afrikaanse welsynsbeleid asook kontemporêre plaaslike en internasionale literatuur en navorsing plaas verhoogde klem op die proses van maatskaplike integrasie en die vorming van sosiale kapitaal as een van die uitkomste van 'n sosiale ontwikkeling benadering en 'n kern praktyk element van ontwikkelingsgerigte maatskaplike werk. Tans is daar nog min navorsing gedoen wat poog om die praktyk implikasies, wat die skuifna 'n ontwikkelingsgerigte benadering vir maatskaplike werk inhou, te dokumenteer. Die doel van hierdie studie is om maatskaplike werk praktykriglyne vir die fasilitering van maatskaplike integrasie op gemeenskapsvlak te formuleer. Die studie vergestalt dus 'n poging om die rol van maatskaplike werkers in die strewe na die maatskaplike integrasie van gemeenskappe te probeer verhelder, asook om aan maatskaplike werkers waardevolle riglyne te voorsien rondom die praktiese realisering van hierdie kern element van ontwikkelingsgerigte maatskaplike werk. Ten einde nuwe insigte te ontwikkel en belangrike konsepte binne hierdie relatief onbekende navorsingsveld te klarifiseer, is 'n verkennende navoringsontwerp gebruik. Die universum vir hierdie studie het bestaan uit praktiserende maatskaplike werkers in diens van welsynsorganisasies in die Kaapse Metropool wat deur die Provinsiale Departement van Welsyn subsidieer word. Vanuit die universum is 'n steekproef getrek deur beide waarskynlikheid- en nie-waarskynlikheid steekproef trekking prosedures te benut. Die studie was beide kwalitatief en kwantitatief van aard en in-diepte onderhoude is gebruik as metode van data-versameling. Die onderhoude was gevoer aan die hand van onderhoudskedules wat op grond van die literatuur ondersoek opgestel is. In die literatuur ondersoek is die verhouding tussen die sosiale ontwikkeling benadering tot welsyn en maatskaplike integrasie ondersoek, asook kern areas vir die maatskaplike integrasie van Suid-Afrikaanse gemeenskappe identifiseer. Verder is gemeenskapsintervensiestrategieë as 'n kern metode in die maatskaplike werk, asook die implikasies daarvan vir ontwikkelingsgerigte maatskaplike werk, bespreek. Die onderhoudskedule is gebruik om te eksploreer hoe maatskaplike werkers deur middel van hulle gemeenskapswerk intervensie kan bydrae tot die fasilitering van maatskaplike integrasie. Die versamelde data is analiseer en maatskaplikewerk praktykriglyne vir die fasilitering van maatskaplike integrasie op gemeenskapsvlak is geformuleer.
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Parsons, Nathan Finch. "Evaluating the Utility of Theories of Social Integration in Understanding Areal Suicide Rates in the United States." PDXScholar, 2019. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5042.
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Despite over a century's worth of study, areal variations in suicide rate remain largely unexplained. In order to better understand these regional differences, this analysis aggregates county-level National Center for Health Statistics Multiple Cause of Death data with data from the US Census, the Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies, and the Penn State Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development to test the three leading conceptualizations of social integration (i.e. demographic, compositional, ecological) against US suicide rates. Results of negative binomial regression models indicate that an ecological measure, social capital, is substantially associated with suicide rate, while demographic and compositional measures do not appear to be significantly associated with suicide rate, robust of controls, speaking to the role of social ties in preventing suicide. These findings highlight both the changing nature of social integration and the role that this plays in suicide prevention.
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Nordstrand, Anna, and Daniel Swedling. "“Men jag är ju inte svensk?” : En studie om tillhörighet bland människor med utomsvenskt påbrå i Sverige." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-201170.
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Uppsatsen syftar kartlägga den känsla av social tillhörighet som individer med utomsvensk bakgrund upplever i dagens Sverige. Hur Sverige och svenskhet erfars och utefter vilka villkor vardagen struktureras. Kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes och den subjektiva verklighetsupplevelsen analyserades med hjälp av en abduktiv ansats. Det empiriska materialet tolkades mot bakgrund av ett socialkonstruktionistiskt ramverk kombinerat med stigmabegreppet och behovet av tillhörighet för skapandet av identitet. Resultaten visar att det i Sverige existerar en strukturell diskriminering baserad på etnicitet och ett andregörande av individer med utomsvenskt påbrå, ett andregörande vilket har sin grund i ett förgivettaget vitt tolkningsföreträde. Maktobalansen tvingar individen in i en avvikande roll som paradoxalt nog krävs för att integreras. Att vara svensk är därför ingenting lätt att bli då kategoriseringarna är starkt etablerade och svårförenliga med en blandad nationell bakgrund, något bristen på adekvat terminologi i det svenska språket belyser. Språkkunskaper, socialt engagemang och meningsfulla relationer visar sig ha en signifikant effekt på skapandet av sammanhang och tillhörighet.This paper aims to identify the feeling of social belonging which individuals of non-swedish descent are experiencing in Sweden today. The relationship to Sweden and it’s citizens and which structural terms the individual is living after. To answer this qualitative semistructured interviews were performed and the subjective interpretation of reality was analyzed with an abductive method. The empirical material was viewed against a background made of social constructionism, stigmatization and the need of belonging for the creation of identity. The results show that in Sweden there exists a structural discrimination based on ethnicity and an othering of individuals of non-swedish descent, an othering which has a ground in a preconception of a white definition of reality. This power imbalance forces the individual into a position as a deviant, which paradoxically is required for integration. To be swedish is therefore nothing which comes easy as the categories are tightly constructed and hard to integrate with a mixed national background, something the lack of adequate terminology in the swedish language portraits. Knowledge of language, commitment in various settings and meaningful relationships are shown to have a significant effect on the creation of context and belonging.
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Muhamat, Razaleigh B. "Social and religious interaction and integration of Chinese Muslim converts with Malays in Kuala Lumpur an empirical study." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504258.
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This research set outs to explore the exact levels of the social and religious aspects of interaction and integration between Chinese Muslim converts and their Malay counterparts in Kuala Lumpur. I was sure that interaction and integration in both social and religious aspects are dilemmas which Chinese Muslims face when they convert from their own religion to Islam. It suggests that when these converts begin to practise Islam, their behaviour changes in line with the identity of the Malays. This is because Islam equates to Malay in the Malaysian context. I believed this behaviour contributes to the disintegration of their ethnic structures, and to rejection by their original ethnic group because of the social differences that emerge post-conversion. Whilst they are welcomed by their Malay counterparts, it is nevertheless hypothesized that they may not interact and integrate fully into the Malay socio-religious community. Therefore, I conducted this empirical research directly looking for the precise degree of such interaction and integration, and indirectly exploring in what kinds of Malay practices the converts participate most fully. The research is guided by several theories, methodologies and six hypothesis statements designed to narrow the investigation. Specifically, the research will be divided into many discussions. The introduction will discover the multi-ethnic situation in Malaysia and the objectives, scope and hypothesis statements of the research. The next chapter will give some of the concepts used in this research as well as identifying the problems of the converts. The next chapter will describe the historical background to the ethnic situation in Malaysia, focusing on the situation in Kuala Lumpur, where the research will be conducted. The subsequent chapter will focus on the design of the questionnaire to be presented to 600 selected respondents who are Chinese Muslim converts in Kuala Lumpur. The 600 respondents will represent 10% of the whole convert population. Then, in the next chapter will take place the processing and analysis of the returned questionnaires. The next chapter gives an account of the research findings, considered the backbone of this research, while the last chapter concentrates on the analysis of the research findings and on some suggestions that arise from them.
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Kallmeyer, Robert J. "How Social Interactions Impact the Effectiveness of Learning Communities." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1243320019.
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Turton, David John. "The changing social geography of energy impacted communities with particular reference to coal mining in Eastern England : an investigation into the social interaction of mining families in village communities across the Selby Coalfield." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285875.
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Momeni, Haney, and Ariam Habtom. "Integrationsprojektet Vänner emellan - ett stöd för nyanlända." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-25799.
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Vänner emellan är ett integrationsfrämjande projekt i Halmstad kommun som riktar sig till nyanlända ungdomar. Verksamheten strävar efter ett mål, där en vänskapsrelation ska skapas mellan nyanlända och etablerade svenskar. Denna relation ska så småningom underlätta de nyanländas situation som ny i Sverige. Integrationsåtgärden ska även vara en möjlighet för dem att träna på det svenska språket, social träning samt få en upplevelse genom ett kulturellt utbyte. Syftet med vår studie är att undersöka deras upplevelser kring integrationsprojektet ”Vänner emellan” med vänskapsrelationer i fokus. Undersökningen baseras på sju kvalitativa intervjuer med: den tidigare projektledaren, den nuvarande projektledaren, en fadder samt fyra nyanlända. För att få svar på syftet kommer vi utifrån ett sociologiskt perspektiv och studera de nyanländas relationer till de etablerade svenskarna, och även deras upplevelser kring vänskap. Detta för att skapa en förståelse om projektet "Vänner emellan" bidrar till en utökad integration. Vi använder oss av teoretiker som belyser sociala band, sociala symboler och asymmetrisk vänskap. Vår frågeställning fokuserar på om det är möjligt att utveckla en organiserad vänskap utifrån projektet ”Vänner emellans” koncept. Majoriteten av informanterna som var nyanlända förstod inte syftet med projektet och såg det som en möjlighet att umgås med andra. De ansåg även att tiden för träffarna var en negativ aspekt i projektet, eftersom de träffades sporadiskt. De begränsningar som vi hade som forskare var vid intervjutillfällena med de nyanlända. Språkbarriären begränsade både oss som intervjuare och dem som informanter. Vi fick förenkla intervjuguiden och kombinera den verbala kommunikationen med kroppsspråk. Våra förhoppningar är att skapa en medvetenhet hos de ansvariga för projektet ”Vänner Emellan”, andra integrationsprojekt och kommuner om vänskap kan leda till integration samt vilka tillvägagångssätt som kan användas.“Between friends” is an integration project in Halmstad, which is focused on newly arrival youths. The project is reaching for a goal to create a friendship between the newly arrival youths and established Swedes. This relationship will eventually facilitate the situation of young people who recently arrived, but will also be an opportunity to train the Swedish language, social skills and experiences by cultural exchange. The purpose of our study is to see how they are experiencing integration "Between friends" with friendship in focus. The study is based on seven interviews with: the former project leader, the current project leader, a mentor, and four newly arrived youths. In order to answer the purpose of our study, we will from a sociological perspective study the social bonds to the mentor, who is an established Swede. This is to create an understanding about the project "Between Friends" and if organized friendship can contribute to a better integration. We have used theoretic that sheds light on social bonds, social symbols and asymmetric friendships. Our question formulation focuses on of its possible to organize friendship by using “Between friends” concept. The majority of the informants that were newly arrived did not understand the purpose of the project. They also thought that time was a negative factor. Our limits as researches were the language barrier between us and the newly arrived youths. We had to simplify our questions and combine verbal communication with our body language. Our hope is to create awareness among the responsible for the integration project, other integration projects and municipalities, if friendship can lead to integration.
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Winqvist, Martin, and Alexander Gävert. "Är vi svenskar nu? : En kvalitativ studie om före detta ensamkommandeflyktingbarns syn på den egna kulturella identiteteni förhållande till den svenska kulturens dominans." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Sociologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28018.
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The purpose of the study was to seek a deeper understanding of how former unaccompanied refugees look at their situation in Sweden; how they describe their own sense of belonging, how they view participation in Swedish society and how they perceive "the Swedish culture". To answer the purpose of the study we have used a qualitative method in the form of semi structured interviews. During these interviews questions were raised based on three themes: KASAM (sense of context), cultural meetings and social interaction. The result showed that there are several reasons why cultural integration is difficult to achieve, that the respondents are to a small extent cultural-integrated and that the theories that exist about cultural integration cannot accurately be used to identify different types of integration.Syftet med studien var att söka en djupare förståelse för hur före detta ensamkommande flyktingbarn ser på sin situation i Sverige; hur de beskriver och redogör för sin egen känsla av samhörighet, hur de ser på delaktighet i det svenska samhället och hur de uppfattar “den svenska kulturen”. För att besvara syftet med studien har vi använt oss av en kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Under dessa intervjutillfällen ställdes frågor utifrån tre teman, vilka handlade om KASAM (känsla av sammanhang), kulturmöten och social interaktion. Resultatet visade att det finns ett flertal skäl till att kulturell integration är svår att uppnå, att respondenterna i liten grad är kulturellt integrerade samt att de teorier som finns i ämnet om kulturell integration inte med exakthet kan användas för att identifiera olika typer av integration.
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Morais, Caroline de. "Integração linguística e social de migrantes de diferentes regiões em uma nova região." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2009. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/411.
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Este estudo procura saber se as formas de integração e de socialização dos migrantes dependem ou não da linguagem no uso de variantes linguísticas e de aspectos socioculturais, remetendo à contribuição sociolinguística para analisar como essa integração se faz, observando as noções de obstáculos e de preconceitos. O objetivo geral consiste em analisar os processos de integração social e linguística, baseados nos usos linguísticos e nos processos de interação social, dos migrantes. O corpus é constituído por entrevistas narrativas, as quais proporcionam a discussão através dos dados obtidos. Assim, emergem as diferenças e as assimilações de linguagem entre os migrados e a população local. A pesquisa utiliza o método analítico, isto é, analisa conceitos gerais e informações alcançadas com as entrevistas. Os dados mostram que as dificuldades de integração ocorrem tanto por problemas de linguagem quanto por problemas de ordem cultural e social. Este estudo revela que a interação social deveria se efetiva mediante sensibilidade sociolinguística entre migrados e habitantes locais.Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-28T17:00:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Caroline de Morais.pdf: 946187 bytes, checksum: ed9612de20fb472f3cb9ce12fd54ff3a (MD5)
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This study is researching whether the forms of integration and socialization of migrants depend or not on the language in the use of linguistic variations and socio cultural aspects, referring to the sociolinguistic contribution to analyze how this integration takes place, observing the obstacle and prejudice notions. The general objective consists of analyzing the processes of social and linguistic integration based on the linguistic use and social interaction processes of the migrants. The corpus consists of narrative interviews, which proportion the argument through the data obtained. This way, emerge the differences and the assimilation of the language between the migrants and the local population. The research uses the analytical method which is analysis of the general concepts and information obtained from the interviews. The data shows that the integration difficulties occur not only because of language problems but also due to cultural and social problems. This study reveals that social interaction is realized through sociolinguistic sensibility among migrants and local inhabitants.
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Draszka, Anastasia. "Irakiska flyktingars integrering i Sverige under 80-talet : En kvalitativ studie om fyra irakiska flyktingars resa för att integrera sig i det svenska samhället." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Etnologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45754.
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The war between Iraq and Iran started 1980 and ended 1988. During the war it came approximately 11 811 Iraqi refugees to Sweden. In this essay. I will explore how Iraqi refugees who came in the 1980s have integrated themselves in the Swedish society. To enhance this understanding, I used previous research material presented in the essay but, most importantly, I also used a qualitative method with organized interviews. The interview material consists of 4 individual interviews for 90 minutes each, and all interviewees are highly educated men in the ages of 62-66 years. I structured the interviews in line with 3 framing questions with the purpose to understand how the interviewees’ first time in Sweden was, especially considering potential difficulties of learn the Swedish language; how the interviewees perceived opportunities and challenges in establishing themselves on the employment market; and finally their thoughts and feelings about their own integration. I have used three different models/theories when analyzing the results. Firstly, I used symbolic interactionism as an explanatory model for interpersonal interaction, communication, subjective interpretation of situation and group affiliation. Secondly, I used the postcolonialism as an explanatory model. Postcolonialism describes a power structure that exists in the society where “white” people are perceived as being the superior race while “black” people are perceived as being the subordinate race, which is a legacy from colonialism. Thirdly, I used folkloristic narrative analysis, which helps to understand how people, with the help of stories from the past, position themselves in reality when the story is meaningful.
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Chen, Xin. "An Integrative Review of the Effects of Social Presence on Distance Education." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71298.
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Social presence has drawn great attention in the last three decades. A large number of studies attempted to prove that social presence exerted an effect on distance learning through including more interaction. This integrative review provided a comprehensive summary of current studies on social presence, identified problems in measuring social presence, and evaluated the effects of social presence on learning. Data were collected from 189 social presence studies in the area of distance education from 1976 to 2012. Data were analyzed qualitatively followed by a quantitative meta-analysis. This study revealed that social presence was still illusive and difficult to define. Due to its ambiguity, many doubts exist related to the measurement of social presence. The results of this study suggest future researchers should be cautious when advocating the importance of social presence in distance learning.Ph. D.
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Babalola, Marian O. "Intercultural peer group interactions, integration and student persistence between Nigerian students and students from other countries at a university in the Western Cape." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6620.
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Magister Educationis (Adult Learning and Global Change) - MEd(AL)As a Nigerian, I became interested in investigating how Nigerian students, from different cultural backgrounds are able to integrate and persist in their academic programmes. I used Tinto‟s (1993) Longitudinal Model of Institutional Departure as a foundation for my conceptual framework. I adopted a qualitative research approach as this provides opportunities for interpretations by both participants and the researcher. I purposively selected 20 Nigerian students who were at different stages of their Master‟s programmes at a university in the Western Cape province of South Africa, but only 12 students were available and interviewed. The data reveals a significant relationship between intercultural peer group interactions, formal social integration and student persistence, while there was no significant relationship between intercultural peer group interaction, informal social integration and student persistence. Furthermore, informal social integration was partially related to formal academic integration and student persistence. Finally, it emerged that informal academic integration was also strongly linked to social integration and academic success. Due to the limiting nature of a research paper, the research has been restricted to the Nigerian experience to allow an insider perspective.
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Ghayoumi, Mehdi. "FACIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS USING DEEP LEARNING WITH PARTIAL INTEGRATION TO OTHER MODALITIES TO DETECT EMOTION." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1501273062260458.
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Leonard, Diana Kay. "Shaping Fuzzy Goals through Teacher-Student Interaction: A Detailed Look at Communication between Community College Faculty and Transfer Students." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193806.
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SHAPING FUZZY GOALS THROUGH TEACHER-STUDENT INTERACTION: A DETAILED LOOK AT THE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN COMMUNITY COLLEGE FACULTY AND TRANSFER STUDENTS by Diana K. Leonard Faculty-student interactions have been largely neglected in the research regarding community colleges and community college transfer students. Yet faculty serve as points of institutional contact, and might also serve a central role in student experiences and decision-making. The purpose of this study was to increase our understanding of the dynamics and interactions that impact student experiences and decisions regarding transfer at the community college and to understand how those interactions contributed to goal formation. Symbolic interactionism (Blumer, 1969) provided a framework to guide the mixed-methods approach, which was primarily qualitative, utilizing online surveys and personal interviews to investigate students' interpretations of the student-teacher interactions. Quantitative data analysis measured teacher influence. 429 students who successfully transferred to a Research I university in the southwest, from in-state community colleges completed the survey. Ten students from this pool, subsequently interviewed, reflected various levels of uncertainty in their goals to transfer. These uncertain goals were termed "fuzzy" goals.In addition to symbolic interactionism as a framework, Stanton-Salazar's (1997) concept of institutional agents, supported with Bourdieu's (1977) cultural and social capital and Tinto's (1975) theory of social and academic integration were used to guide this study. Findings illustrated that students did utilize their teachers as institutional agents, who provided them with cultural knowledge and facilitated their understanding of procedures and processes through active as well as passive teacher-agency. Five themes emerged in students' interpretation of the student-teacher interactions: support, motivation, guidance, inspiration, and modeling. All had varying effects on students' uncertainty and contributed to shaping their fuzzy goals and to their social and academic integration into academe.This study can inform our understanding of the well-known gap in BA attainment between students who begin at a community college intending to transfer and students who begin at a four-year institution. Further, this study can inform strategic planning geared toward supporting teachers more fully in their role as institutional agents conveying social and cultural capital to students to increase their leverage for success once they transfer to the university.
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Besson, Roger. "Les lieux de l'interaction : fréquentation du stade et intégration sociale à Neuchâtel." Thesis, Besançon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BESA1017.
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Au cours du mois de février 2007, Neuchâtel célèbre l’inauguration d’un stade de football flambant neuf. Pour le club de Neuchâtel Xamax, qui fait face à des difficultés économiques chroniques, cette infrastructure laisse miroiter un avenir prometteur. On vante alors sans retenue le plus grand confort de la nouvelle enceinte que l’on décrit comme un lieu convivial et propice à la rencontre, sensé attirer un public toujours plus nombreux pour de longs après‐midis festifs consacrés au spectacle du football. Analyser l’impact social réel de la modernisation de ce type d’infrastructure s’apparente toutefois à un exercice d’équilibriste. Il implique non seulement une réflexion critique sur des attributs qui peuvent être considérés comme « socialement vertueux » pour la collectivité, mais nécessite également de décrypter le fonctionnement du lieu dans toute sa complexité. Dès lors, cette recherche passe au préalable par la construction d’un outil théorique et méthodologique permettant d’organiser l’étude du « potentiel intégrateur » d’un tel type d’espace. Dans le cadre d’une analyse portant sur le stade de football, l’utilisation de cette grille de lecture nous montre alors que, à Neuchâtel, ce lieu joue un rôle social plutôt important. Fondée sur différentes sources (enquêtes par questionnaire, statistiques relatives aux affluences, analyse des discours sur un forum de discussion en ligne, etc.), la comparaison des situations qui caractérisent l’ancienne et la nouvelle infrastructure conduit néanmoins à tirer un bilan nuancé du processus de modernisationIn February 2007, Neuchâtel celebrates the inauguration of a brand new soccer stadium. For the club of Neuchâtel Xamax, which has been facing economical difficulties since a long time, this infrastructure represents a promising bright future. Everyone praises without restraint the comfort of the new arena, which is described as a friendly place, convenient to encounters, able to attract bigger crowds of people for long festive afternoons dedicated to the soccer entertainment. The analysis of the real social impact of the modernisation of this type of infrastructure is nonetheless very tricky. It implies not only a critical reflection on the attributes that can be considered as “socially virtuous” for the community, but also requires deciphering how the place works in its whole complexity. Following that, the research first requires the construction of a theoretical and methodological tool, which allows the study of the “integration potential” of this kind of space. Within the framework of the soccer stadium analysis, the use of this tool shows us that, in the case of Neuchâtel, this place plays a quite important social role. Based on various sources (questionnaire surveys, statistics relative to affluences, discourse analysis on a forum, etc.), the comparison of the situations that characterize the old and new infrastructure leads nevertheless to a nuanced assessment of the process of modernisation
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Nelson, Marie. "Andraspråkstalare i arbete : En språkvetenskaplig studie av kommunikation vid ett svenskt storföretag." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för forskning och utbildning i modern svenska (FUMS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-126465.
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This thesis is a study of the everyday communication of second language speakers in a major Swedish company. On the basis of eighteen interviews with permanently employed industrial and office workers, who came to Sweden as adults from countries outside the Nordic region where non-Germanic languages are spoken, five individuals were chosen for observation. The overarching aim of the study is to identify communicative factors with a positive impact on the integration of second language speakers in the workplace and in their immediate work team. Subsidiary aims are to map out the communication of the five participants and to analyse their involvement in communicative activities, both professional and social. The focus is on the interaction between participants and fellow employees, primarily in terms of what participants themselves do to promote mutual understanding and good relations at work. Theoretically and methodologically, the study has its basis in discourse analysis, interactional sociolinguistics and the ethnography of communication. By means of fieldwork, a large body of empirical data was collected, comprising detailed field notes, audio and video recordings of naturally occurring talk, and texts read and produced by participants. The five participants’ day-to-day communication is shown to be influenced to a large degree by the type of occupation. At the company studied, whose corporate language is English, white-collar employees can manage without a knowledge of Swedish, so long as they know English. Factory workers, meanwhile, regard an inadequate command of English, rather than Swedish, as an obstacle to promotion. All the participants perform communicative acts designed to create and maintain group solidarity. In seeking to foster good relations in the workplace, they make use of jokes, compliments, narratives, swearing and greetings. The participants are shown to be metalinguistically and metaculturally aware, which aids everyday communication and integration. Linguistic and cultural asymmetries seem to be able to mitigate potential threats to face, making the participants a valuable resource in sensitive communicative situations. All co-workers provide linguistic scaffolding, but in interaction with the most career-oriented participant, markers of power can sometimes be observed. A high level of awareness and performance of relational communicative acts appear to facilitate and speed integration in the workplace and the immediate work team.Den kommunikativa situationen för invandrare på svenska arbetsplatser (KINSA)
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Viscarra, Hansson Braulio Johan, and Sosa Fania Verona Perez. "Förortstorgens roll för en hållbar stadsutveckling i den postindustriella staden – Hermodsdalstorget, Malmö." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22589.
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Denna uppsats fokuserar på förortstorgens potentiella bidrag till en hållbar stadsutveckling i den postindustriella staden. I uppsatsen problematiseras ett särskilt torg, Hermodsdalstorget i stadsdelen Fosie i sydöstra Malmö.I Malmö Stads senaste översiktsplan betonas att den sociala utvecklingen av Malmö, inte varit positiv på senare år och att en viktig utmaning ligger i att integrera de marginaliserade områden med innerstaden.Av dessa anledningar satsas det bland annat på länkande gång- och cykelstråk som binder samman stadsdelar och utgörs av väldefinierade gaturum och attraktiva mötesplatser. Hermodsdalstorget väntas utgöra en sådan mötesplats i ett framtida Fosiestråksom kommer att länka Malmös sydöstra förorter med innerstaden.Torget är idag en bortglömd plats som varken erbjuder egenskaper för att upplevas som attraktivt eller innehar förutsättningar för social interaktion och integration. Tillståndet är så dåligt att torget, i en tidningsartikel från 2002, till och med kommit att kallas för ”Malmös tristaste torg”. På grund av torgets dåliga skick har det funnits mer än tio år gamla omvandlingsplaner för utvecklingen av platsen. Trots detta har en omvandling uteblivit, framförallt på grund av bristen på samverkan och en delad vision mellan privata fastighetsägare kring torget och kommunen.Avslutningsvis, i denna uppsats, presenteras ett praktiskt genomförbart projektförslag, som fokuserar på ett första steg, i ett större omvandlingsprojekt av Hermodsdalstorget, och som har som syfte att göra ett nytt försök till samverkan och dialog mellan de aktörer som i dagsläget har mandat över torget.Förhoppningen är att projektförslaget banar väg för en omvandling av detta torg och att torget i framtiden fungerar som en attraktiv mötesplats längst med Fosiestråket; i ett mindre segregerat Malmö.This thesis focuses on the potential of suburban squares to contribute to sustainable urban development in post-industrial cities. In the thesis a particular square is in focus: Hermodsdal’s square in the Fosie-district in southeastern Malmoe(Malmö).In the last general development plan for Malmoe it is emphasized that the social development of Malmoe has not been positive in recent years, and that an important challenge lies in integrating the marginalized suburban areas with the inner city. One solution, for integrating the city, is the creation of linking pedestrian and bicycle paths that connect neighborhoods; paths that consist of well-defined street-areas and attractive meeting places. Hermodsdal’s Square is expected to form such a meeting place in a future Fosie Path, which will link Malmoe’s southeastern suburbs with the inner city. Hermodsdal’s square is today a forgotten place that does not offer features to be perceived as attractive nor meets the conditions needed for social interaction and integration. The actual condition of the square is so bad that Hermodsdal’s Square has, in a newspaper article from 2002, even been called ”Malmoe’s dullest Square”. Because of the square’s poor condition, there have been more than ten years old conversion plans for the development of the site. Despite this, the conversion has not become reality, mainly because of lack of synergy and a shared vision between private property owners around the square and the municipality. Finally, a central purpose of this thesis is presenting a practical project proposal, which focus on the first step in a major transformation project of Hermodsdal’s Square; a project which aims to make another attempt to collaboration and dialogue between the private actors around the square and the municipality. The expectation is that the project proposal paves the way for a transformation of this square; a square which in the future will act as an attractive meeting lace along the Fosie Path, in a less segregated Malmoe.
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Hur, Inkyoung. "Patient-centered care process enabled by Integrative Social Media Platform in an outpatient setting." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3057.
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As an effort to guide patients toward being more informed and more involved as healthcare decision makers in the clinical processes, health care organizations have adopted a new technology referred to as an integrative social media platform (ISMP). This ISMP combines features of mobile technology and those of social media technology, integrating healthcare systems in order to support a more patient-centered healthcare process. However, users, both physicians and patients, have showed varied usages of ISMP, as a results, have shown mixed results of ISMP. To provide a better understanding of the use of ISMP, especially the interaction between patients and physicians, I turned to the concept of affordances. Affordances describe the possibilities for goal-oriented actions that a technical object offers to a user. Using a mixed-method approach with real archival event log data, conversation texts, documents, interview, and focus-group data from a large hospital which had adopted an ISMP, I confirmed three types of affordance: perceived affordance, behavioral affordance, and interactive affordance. I identified two key affordances of ISMP that lead to patient-centered care, namely ubiquitous access and virtual healthcare consultation, which represent a behavioral affordance and an interactive affordance, respectively. I also explored how different types of affordances are actualized and how they interact with each other to contribute to patient-centered care.
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Pohnert, Tami. "The Effects of Pet Ownership on Physical Well-Being in Older Adults." VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2238.
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A large percentage of Americans own pets which may impact their health. This study examines pet ownership’s effect on well being in older adults looking at race/ethnicity. A sample of 6,565 older adults (>60) was selected from the Third National Health and Nutrition Survey. Pet owners comprised 28.3% of the sample. The theories of symbolic interaction and social integration were used to examine pet ownership’s effect on physical components of well-being. The descriptive results showed statistically significant differences in age, education, income, and marital status between pet owners and non-pet owners. Pet owners were younger, more educate, higher income and married. Similar results were found for Caucasians, African Americans and Mexican Americans. Logistic regression for the entire sample revealed pet owners were more likely to have a positive self perception of health, normal blood pressure, improved function, less chronic conditions, improved function and more falls. Multiple regression revealed pet owners had more hospital stays, but fewer physician visits and nursing home stays than non-pet owners. When examined by race/ethnicity differences were found between pet owners and non-pet owners that differed from the general sample results. This research revealed that pets overall positively impact their owners’ health but it appears to differ based on race/ethnicity. Further research is needed on pet ownership’s effect on older adults specifically in regards to race.
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Moshkina, Lilia V. "An integrative framework of time-varying affective robotic behavior." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39568.
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As robots become more and more prevalent in our everyday life, making sure that our interactions with them are natural and satisfactory is of paramount importance. Given the propensity of humans to treat machines as social actors, and the integral role affect plays in human life, providing robots with affective responses is a step towards making our interaction with them more intuitive. To the end of promoting more natural, satisfying and effective human-robot interaction and enhancing robotic behavior in general, an integrative framework of time-varying affective robotic behavior was designed and implemented on a humanoid robot. This psychologically inspired framework (TAME) encompasses 4 different yet interrelated affective phenomena: personality Traits, affective Attitudes, Moods and Emotions. Traits determine consistent patterns of behavior across situations and environments and are generally time-invariant; attitudes are long-lasting and reflect likes or dislikes towards particular objects, persons, or situations; moods are subtle and relatively short in duration, biasing behavior according to favorable or unfavorable conditions; and emotions provide a fast yet short-lived response to environmental contingencies. The software architecture incorporating the TAME framework was designed as a stand-alone process to promote platform-independence and applicability to other domains.
In this dissertation, the effectiveness of affective robotic behavior was explored and evaluated in a number of human-robot interaction studies with over 100 participants. In one of these studies, the impact of Negative Mood and emotion of Fear was assessed in a mock-up search-and-rescue scenario, where the participants found the robot expressing affect more compelling, sincere, convincing and "conscious" than its non-affective counterpart. Another study showed that different robotic personalities are better suited for different tasks: an extraverted robot was found to be more welcoming and fun for a task as a museum robot guide, where an engaging and gregarious demeanor was expected; whereas an introverted robot was rated as more appropriate for a problem solving task requiring concentration. To conclude, multi-faceted robotic affect can have far-reaching practical benefits for human-robot interaction, from making people feel more welcome where gregariousness is expected to making unobtrusive partners for problem solving tasks to saving people's lives in dangerous situations.
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Fliti, Mohammed. "Rappeurs et institutions publiques au Havre face aux problématiques de l'intégration : pour une approche interculturelle en médiation." Thesis, Le Havre, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEHA0020/document.
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Cette thèse étudie la manière dont les rappeurs engagés et les acteurs des institutions publiques se représentent mutuellement. Elle étudie les interactions entre les rappeurs, les acteurs institutionnels et les intermédiaires (médiateurs, éducateurs, animateurs etc.) Elle tente d’analyser et de comprendre les dysfonctionnements communicationnels et de savoir quels rôles peuvent jouer la médiation et la communication interculturelle dans un contexte de conflits. Nous avons choisi d’étudier la relation entre les rappeurs et les institutions publiques selon une démarche systémique, interculturelle et interactionniste, qui nous a conduits à privilégier certains concepts clés : l’interaction, la médiation, la construction d’identité, la communication interculturelle, l’intégration, l’institution, les stratégies identitaires, les représentations sociales, la trace, les industries culturelles et créatives, la démocratie et la démocratisation culturelle. D’un point de vue méthodologique, cette thèse s’appuie sur une démarche qualitative. L’enquête utilise des entretiens semi-directifs et des observations directes (Piretz, 2004) de rappeurs et d’institutionnels dans les quartiers populaires situés dans les zones périphériques du Havre, complétés par l’étude d’un corpus d’émissions radiophoniques et télévisuelles, de textes et de vidéo-clips des rappeurs. La comparaison avec les politiques publiques d'autres villes françaises est en outre utilisée comme stratégie de recherche pour éclairer la situation spécifique du territoire havrais. La thèse se compose de trois parties, chacune contenant deux chapitresThis thesis examines the mutual representation of rappers and actors of public institutions. It studies the interactions between rappers, institutional actors and the intermediaries amongst whom the mediators. It tries to analyze and understand the communicative dysfunctions and to know what roles mediation and intercultural communication could play in the context of conflicts. We chose to study the relationship between rappers and public institutions in a systemic, intercultural and interactionist approach which lead us to favour certain key concepts: interaction, mediation, identity construction, intercultural communication, integration, institution, identity strategies, social representations, the trace, the cultural and creative industries, democracy and cultural democratization. From a methodological point of view, this thesis is based on a qualitative approach. The survey uses the semi-structured interviews and the direct observations (Piretz, 2004) of rappers and institutional agents in the “immigrant and working class” areas of Le Havre. The survey was supplemented by an analysis of programs of radio and television, texts, and video clips of rappers. The comparison with other public policy in french cities is also used as a research strategy to clarify the specific situation of Le Havre territory. The thesis is formed by three parts, each one contains two chapters
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Lundmark, Maria, and Fanny Söderström. "“Vi har en pojke som kan hela regnbågen så det vore kul om de kunde fortsätta att arbeta med det!” : En kvalitativ studie om hur lärare i förskoleklass och förskollärare samverkar med varandra vid barns övergångar." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för utbildningsvetenskap (UV), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-68485.
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När barn tar steget över från förskola till förskoleklass är det för många av dem början till nya kunskaper. De byter fysisk miljö, lärare och behöver också många gånger skapa nya kompisrelationer. Vår intervjustudie med lärare i förskoleklass och förskollärare i förskolan ska bidra med kunskap kring hur de samverkar med varandra vid barns övergång från förskola till förskoleklass för att kunna skapa kontinuitet i undervisningen. Detta är en kvalitativ studie med semistrukturerade intervjuer som underlag där vi intervjuat tre förskollärare och tre lärare i förskoleklass. Vi har använt oss av en kvalitativ metod där det är respondenternas svar som står i centrum. Genom att repetitivt läsa materialet har vi sedan kunnat skapa olika kategorier utifrån respondenternas svar. Vår studie visar att förskollärare och lärare i förskoleklass tycker det är viktigt att förbereda barnen inför övergång från förskola till förskoleklass och att samverkan är viktigt för att kunna skapa en röd tråd i undervisningen. Vår studie visar också att det finns flera hinder i samverkan mellan förskola och förskoleklass. Dessa hinder kan vara av organisationsmässig karaktär och att lärare i förskoleklass och förskollärare inte har tillräckligt med insyn i varandras verksamheter. Detta leder i sin tur till att all information inte kommer fram och att det blir svårt för lärare i förskoleklass att skapa en kontinuitet i undervisningen.
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Tabane, Ramodungoane James. "Integration and learners' feelings of belonging in a desegregated former House of Delegates school." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24266.
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The first South African democratic general election of 1994 precipitated the eradication of South Africa’s separate and unequal education system. The presidential tenure of Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela brought much hope that the majority of South Africans would not have thought possible. The new era carried, among other promises, the transformation of South African policies, to ensure that all South African children would have access to a school of their choice and that no child would be turned away from school on grounds of race, ethnicity, class and/ or religion. School desegregation has been one of the means of attaining social cohesion and ensuring that all learners have access to all South African schools. School desegregation can be said to have been taking place on at least five (5) or more (taking also to consideration that there are typologies of ethnic and/ or religion desegregations taking place) different levels or typologies. These typologies are equally important as the African-to-White school migrations that have been taking place in South Africa. Thus, using a case study, this thesis - Integration and learners' feelings of belonging in a desegregated former House of Delegates school - contributes to the debates on social cohesion; desegregation and integration of the learning environment bestowed with diverse learner and teacher populations. It however traces the experiences of Black and Indian learners in a desegregated former House of Delegates school to determine the successes and possible challenges of ensuring social cohesion and racial integration at a school level. The study concludes that social cohesion and school integration is possible when the focus is learner-centered, the school environment is enabling and that feelings of belonging and integration are intertwined and it is challenging to achieve one without the other. Undertaken at a specific school context, this study does not claim that the findings are a trend in other schools although this cannot be ruled out in similar school and context. Learners in this study seemed not to be constrained by the racial classifications but defined and formed friendships along their likes, commonness, and future aspirations.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Educational Psychology
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Morris, Grace A. "A new first-year experience: How the COVID-19 classroom fosters social integration and affects first-year students’ perceived persistence to degree completion." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1628173240320351.
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Haglund, Agnes-Cecilia. "Wandering away from apartheid : A study on interracial bridging social capital in South African small-town society." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-80345.
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Trust, cooperation and equal value. The purpose of the current study has been to present evidence of interracial bridging social capital between groups and individuals in South African small-town society. An ethnological field study has been executed by searching, observing and interviewing citizens at various meeting points in civil society where interracial interaction is taking place. The collected empirical data will be evaluated in relation to established theories regarding the importance of social capital in relation to political prospering of liberal democracies. This will be done in order to answer the question: in what way and in which spheres of South African society can evidence of bridging social capital be found? The discussion and conclusion will be dependent on to what extent bridging social capital is taking place in conjunction with interracial meetings. The research will be divided into three phases. The first phase will be presenting the idea of the research and the preparation of how it is going to be performed. The second phase demonstrates the execution of data gathering with the theories at its core. Finally, the third phase of the essay will be carried out by discussing the results and how it contributes to the existing science base (George and Bennet, 2005, p. 73). In conclusion, the study showed that bridging social capital is possible to find primarily in the spheres of education and Christian parishes close to communities where the middle and upper-class live.
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Moissonnier, Loïc. "Coordination et conflits dans le mouvement altermondialiste européen : l'expérience de trois réseaux thématiques dans le cadre du Forum Social Européen (2005-2010)." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENH011/document.
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Cette thèse porte sur le mouvement altermondialiste dans sa déclinaison européenne, en s'intéressant en particulier au processus du Forum Social Européen tel qu'il a été initié à Florence en novembre 2002. Plus spécifiquement, nous nous intéressons à des réseaux thématiques qui se sont constitués au fil des éditions du Forum Social Européen avec l'objectif de renforcer la coordination entre les différents participants au Forum, sur des thèmes économiques et sociaux liés à l'intégration européenne. Ces réseaux ont été constitués dans le sillage des grandes manifestations altermondialistes de portée européenne qui se sont développées dans les années 90-2000. Rapidement après leur création, ces réseaux ont cependant réuni de moins en moins de participants et ont finalement disparu en tant qu'espaces d'organisation collective. Cette thèse vise principalement à expliquer l'échec de ces réseaux. La mise en relation de la création de nos réseaux thématiques avec les mobilisations de l'altermondialisme européen, qui semblent s'essouffler au milieu des années 2000, nous incite à les analyser dans le cadre d'un processus de démobilisation au niveau européen. Celui-ci se traduit par des conflits entre les participants restant sur les modes de fonctionnement collectif au sein des réseaux ou sur les stratégies collectives à mettre en œuvre, et finalement à de nouveaux retraits de participants. La distinction de plusieurs phases entre 2005 et 2010 nous permet par ailleurs d'envisager cette combinaison entre démobilisation et conflits à plusieurs niveaux. Tandis que la fin de campagnes altermondialistes en Europe nous permet d'observer des conflits entre les acteurs sur le rôle de réseaux thématiques comme structures potentielles d'action collective, la baisse de la participation dans le cadre spécifique du Forum Social Européen fait naitre des conflits sur le rôle que devraient endosser ces réseaux dans ce processus. Finalement, le fort déclin de la participation dans le FSE d'Istanbul en 2010 aboutit à la disparition des réseaux thématiques étudiés. Au-delà de leur échec, ce travail se termine néanmoins par la mise en évidence des apports de ces expériences sur la constitution d'un groupe d'acteurs à l'échelle européenne entretenant des objectifs prochesThis thesis is about the Global Justice Movement (GJM) in its European dimension, focusing on the European Social Forum process which was launched in Florence in November 2002. More precisely, specific thematic networks have been created in the course of this process with the aim of strengthening coordination between different participants on economic and social issues linked with the European integration. These networks were created in the wake of some campaigns of the Global Justice Movement in Europe which developed in the years 1997-2005. However, fewer and fewer participants took part in the meetings of the networks, and they finally disappeared as spaces of collective organisation. This thesis is aimed at explaining the failure of these networks. We first analyze their creation as a sign of a larger process of demobilisation after 2005, concerning the whole GJM in Europe. This process leads to conflicts between remaining participants, about the internal functioning of the networks (modes of decisions, etc.) and the external collective strategies that should be defined. We distinguish several phases between 2005 and 2010 where we can find this combination between demobisation and internal conflicts in the networks. Although we observe conflicts between actors of the networks while some global justice campaigns are coming to an end in Europe (2005-2006), the decline of participation in the European Social Forum leads to conflicts about the role these networks should have in this process (2007-2010). Finally, the huge loss of participants in the ESF in Istanbul in 2010 led to the end of the thematic networks which are studied here. Beyond their failure, we point at the end of this thesis the positive contribution of these experiences that favoured the constitution of a coherent group of actors with similar objectives at the European level
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Eichler, Sharon. "Educational and mental health intervention methods for refugee children integrating in the Nordic mainstream education : A Systematic Literature Review." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, CHILD, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-47238.
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BACKGROUND Good mental health makes integration and participation easier. Many refugees have a great deal of resilience and it is important to maintain it and where possible to strengthen it. How much psychological complaints and disorders occur is partly dependent on having (prospect of) work, education or other forms of participation in society, experiencing social support, and having a social network (with family and /or close friends). AIM The aim of this literature review is to explore evidence-based intervention methods that can support refugee children to integrate into the school environment of the resettlement country. METHOD In this systematic literature review, information was collected on a database for empirical studies and analyzed so as to discover efficient interventions for refugee children who just arrived in a Nordic country to help them integrate in mainstream schools. RESULTS For children, cohesion and support within the family are of great concern. In addition, prevention, recognition and receiving good care are crucial. The review discusses educational progress and social inclusion and how these can be improved for refugee children at a mainstream school. CONCLUSION The school takes on a very important role in the life of the refugee child. It is a strong protective factor and therefore life changing for the child and his/her family. This systematic literature review shows what kind of information is already produced and collected by researchers around the world. It can give an insight into the life of a refugee child and how they experience inclusion.
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Cutchens, Amanda. "Understanding the Relationship between Informal Interactional Diversity and Males’ Engagement in the Undergraduate Experience." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7010.
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The diversity of the undergraduate student population encourages understanding of others and provides opportunities for students to challenge their assumptions of cultures, political and religious views, values, and personal backgrounds. However, it also creates challenges for academic and student success as faculty and administrators struggle to meet different generational and cultural needs. A broader, more inclusive definition of student success may help meet the needs of a more modern complex institutional student demographic. It may also allow for new avenues of research specifically related to success for Black, Hispanic, and White undergraduate male students, as these students continue to struggle in higher education (Bailey & Moore, 2004; Barker & Avery, 2012; Conger & Long, 2010; Harper, 2006b; Harper & Kuykendall, 2012; Kuh & Love, 2000; Kuh et al., 2007; Sax & Arms, 2006; Sax & Harper, 2007; Spruhill, Hirt, & Mo, 2014; Strayhorn, 2010a; Sutton & Kimbrough, 2001).
Meanwhile, the concept of globalization and global citizenship are being integrated into higher education at many levels in both academic and student affairs. Many institutions are integrating these concepts into policies and programs, which provide opportunities for diverse interactions, conversations, and experiences. Informal interactional diversity, which is defined as “the opportunity to interact with students from diverse backgrounds in the broad, campus environment” (Gruin, 1999, para. 4), is a concept related to globalization and global citizenship, but not much research exists to show how it might impact student success. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to further explore informal interactional diversity in Black, Hispanic, and White undergraduate males and its possible relationship to the multi-faceted nature of student engagement. The resulting framework for this study was built around Tinto’s (1993) theory of social integration, Astin’s (1993a) theory of student involvement, and persistence research by Pascarella and Terenzini (1991) because these models highlighted important environmental factors that informed research on informal interactional diversity.
In this quantitative study, the researcher utilized a purposeful, national sample of secondary data from the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) to analyze levels of informal interactional diversity in Black, Hispanic, and White undergraduate men. The sample included 3,613 Black, Hispanic, and White undergraduate men who were enrolled at five participating large, public predominantly White institutions (PWIs) in the United States and completed the survey with an appended Experiences with Diverse Perspectives topical module in 2013 and 2014. The majority of the males in the sample were White and classified as seniors, or fourth-year undergraduate students (n = 1,830).
Statistical analyses, such analysis of variances (ANOVAs) and multiple regressions tests, were conducted to examine the relationships between variables (informal interactional diversity, classification in college, and student engagement). Results of the analysis indicated the relationships between informal interactional diversity, male ethnic group, and student engagement were statistically significant. Additionally, findings indicated there was a significant relationship between levels of informal interactional diversity and classification in college, as well as classification in college and male ethnic group.
Implications for future research based on the findings of this study included: a) investigating how reflective and integrative learning, as well as supportive environment, affect engagement for the undergraduate male populations studied; b) examining why decreases in qualitative reasoning, effective teaching practices, and collaborative learning occur for these undergraduate male populations; c) investigating these variables using samples of participants at different types of institutions; and d) conducting a mixed-methods study with a qualitative portion, or a purely qualitative study, focused on male student perceptions of informal interactional diversity, student engagement, and campus climate or race relations at PWIs to gain more insight on the lived experience of Black, Hispanic, and White males.
The conclusion of this research study was that the findings support much of the literature related to informal interactional diversity, as well as the success of Black, Hispanic, and White males.
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Burgardt, Infanti Rúbia. "L’engagement social chez le bébé de 4-5 mois en situation de dialogue avec des partenaires familiers et étrangers : vers une approche intégrative." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100090/document.
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L’objectif de cette thèse est de savoir si au delà d’une préférence linguistique et sociale pour leur langue natale et leurs usagers, les bébés de moins de 6 mois s’impliquent dans les rythmes et opportunités dialogiques des langues. Nous avons choisi d’étudier les comportements communicatifs du bébé âgé de 4-5 mois car cet âge représente une période charnière pour l’intégration de la compétence communicative. D’une part, le « turn-taking » est encore une forme prédominante d’interaction et d’autre part, les bébés de cet âge s’orientent encore principalement vers les partenaires sociaux plutôt qu’exclusivement vers les objets. Cette période est souvent considérée comme celle qui précède l’enculturation ou l’apprentissage culturel. Pourtant, dès 5 mois, le bébé se comporte différemment face à un interlocuteur de langue natale et de langue étrangère et face à un interlocuteur familier et nouveau. Cette thèse comporte 3 études visant à mieux comprendre l’engagement social du nourrisson dans des situations de communication réelle et habituelle et de communication potentielle. La première étude porte sur les différences dans l’organisation du turn-taking vocal entre les contextes français et brésilien. La seconde étude a pour objectif de mettre en lumière les différentes modalités que le bébé peut utiliser lors du turn-taking, au cours des pauses entre les énoncés maternels. Dans la 3ème étude, la seule étude expérimentale, nous avons cherché à savoir si un bébé français aurait des attentes différentes lorsqu’il était face à une interlocutrice parlant le français par rapport à une interlocutrice parlant une langue étrangère (brésilienne en l’occurrence). Dans son ensemble, cette thèse constitue également un plaidoyer pour une approche intégrative de la communication chez les bébés, s’éloignant d’une vision dualiste dans laquelle on sépare le corps de la pensée, le familier du nouveau et l’inné de l’acquis pour aller vers une vision plus holistique de l’humainThe main objective of this thesis is to find out whether, beyond linguistic and social preferences for their native language and its users, infants younger than 6 months become involved with the rhythms and dialogical opportunities of speech. We chose to study the communicative behavior of infants aged 4 to 5 months because this constitutes a pivotal period for the integration of communicative competence. On the one hand, turn-taking is still a predominant type of organization in social interaction, and on the other hand, infants at this age are still more interested in social partners than in solitary object exploration. Furthermore, this period is usually thought to precede enculturation or the possibility of cultural learning. Yet, by 5 months, infants behave differently with a native language speaker than with a foreign language speaker and with a familiar person than with a stranger. This thesis includes 3 studies aimed at gaining insight into the social engagement of infants in situations of real and potential communication with social partners. The first study focuses on differences in vocal turn-taking organization between Brazilian and French cultural contexts. The second study’s aim is to shed light on the various expressive modalities infants use responsively in both cultural contexts during pauses between maternal utterances. In the third study, which is experimental, we wanted to know whether a French infant would have different expectations when faced with a French-speaking interlocutor compared with an interlocutor speaking a foreign language (Brazilian in this case). Overall, this thesis also makes a case for a more integrative approach to the study of infant communication, away from a dualist vision separating the body from thought, familiarity from novelty and innate from learned behavior and moving towards a more holistic perspective on humans beings
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Hersman, Bethany L. "The effects of adventure education on the social interactions of students with disabilities in general physical education." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1186493320.
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Abdalla, Mikhaeil Christine. "Integrating Online-Offline Interactions to Explain Societal Challenges." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED062/document.
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Malgré une littérature abondante sur les conséquences des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC), cette littérature n'aborde que trop peu les conséquences sociétales, qu'elles soient positives ou négatives, intentionnelles ou non. Parce que les interactions se propagent au-delà de l'espace en ligne et de ces conséquences paradoxales, les défis sociétaux sont un problème complexe. C'est pour ces raisons que nous avons besoin d'une meilleure compréhension des problèmes sociaux complexes. Pour ce faire, nous avons adopté le modèle de la thèse sur travaux. Les trois études de ce travail de doctorat adoptent une approche qualitative et un positionnement réaliste critique. Nous examinons un premier cas : celui du Printemps Arabe et l'utilisation de Facebook. Etudier ces types d'événements contemporains ne vient pas sans difficultés analytiques. Par conséquent, nous utilisons un outil d'analyse sémiotique pour faire face à la complexité représentationnelle des données recueillies. Enfin, les communautés en ligne peuvent également générer des coûts sociaux en fournissant un espace se faisant l'écho à des comportements socialement indésirablesDespite the wide literature on the consequences of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) use, the literature still lacks understanding about the societal consequences, positive or negative, intended or unintended. Consequences of technology usages on society are paradoxical. The paradoxical outcomes can be threat to the sustainability of society. Because interactions spread beyond the online space and its outcomes are paradoxical, societal challenges are complex problem. To harvest society, we need a better understanding of social complex problems. To do so, we adopted a multi-study dissertation model. The three studies of this doctoral work adopt a qualitative approach and a critical realist philosophy.We look at a first case: The Arab Spring and aim at understanding how an online community that started on Facebook materialized in urban space, changing the political landscape. Addressing these contemporaneous events does not come without analytical challenges. Therefore, we use and extend a semiotic analytical tool to face the representational complexity: Finally, online communities can also have social costs by providing an echo chamber to socially undesirable behaviors
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Schielke, Hugo Josef. "The process of including the other patterns of interaction, meaning- and decision-making observed on the way to improved relationships with self and others /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1272833580.
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Logan, Kathryn. "Ethnic identity and interaction : segregation or integration." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389890.
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Tsalamlal, Mohamed Yacine. "Communication affective médiée via une interface tactile." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS379/document.
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La communication affective est au cœur de nos interactions interpersonnelles. Nous communiquons les émotions à travers de multiples canaux non verbaux. Plusieurs travaux de recherche sur l’interaction homme-machine ont exploité ces modalités de communication afin de concevoir des systèmes permettant de reconnaître et d’afficher automatiquement des signaux affectifs. Le toucher est la modalité la moins explorée dans ce domaine de recherche. L’aspect intrusif des interfaces haptiques actuelles est l’un des principaux obstacles à leur utilisation dans la communication affective médiée. En effet, l’utilisateur est physiquement connecté à des systèmes mécaniques pour recevoir la stimulation. Cette configuration altère la transparence de l’interaction médiée et empêche la perception de certaines dimensions affectives comme la valence. L’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer et d’étudier une technique de stimulation tactile sans contact avec des systèmes mécaniques pour médier des signaux d’affects. Sur la base de l’état de l’art des interfaces haptiques, nous avons proposé une stratégie de stimulation tactile basée sur l’utilisation d’un jet d’air mobile. Cette technique permet de fournir une stimulation tactile non-intrusive sur des zones différentes du corps. De plus, ce dispositif tactile permettrait une stimulation efficace de certains mécanorécepteurs qui jouent un rôle important dans les perceptions d’affects positifs. Nous avons conduit une étude expérimentale pour comprendre les relations entre les caractéristiques physiques de la stimulation tactile par jet d’air et la perception affective des utilisateurs. Les résultats mettent en évidence les effets principaux de l'intensité et de la vitesse du mouvement du jet d’air sur l’évaluation subjective mesurée dans l’espace affectif (à savoir, la valence, l'arousal et de la dominance).La communication des émotions est clairement multimodale. Nous utilisons le toucher conjointement avec d’autres modalités afin de communiquer les différents messages affectifs. C’est dans ce sens que nous avons conduit deux études expérimentales pour examiner la combinaison de la stimulation tactile par jet d’air avec les expressions faciales et vocales pour la perception de la valence. Ces expérimentations ont été conduites dans un cadre théorique et expérimental appelé théorie de l’intégration de l’information. Ce cadre permet de modéliser l’intégration de l’information issue de plusieurs sources en employant une algèbre cognitive. Les résultats de nos travaux suggèrent que la stimulation tactile par jet d’air peut être utilisée pour transmettre des signaux affectifs dans le cadre des interactions homme-machine. Les modèles perceptifs d’intégration bimodales peuvent être exploités pour construire des modèles computationnels permettant d’afficher des affects en combinant la stimulation tactile aux expressions faciales ou à la voixAffective communication plays a major role in our interpersonal interactions. We communicate emotions through multiple non-verbal channels. Researches on human-computer interaction have exploited these communication channels in order to design systems that automatically recognize and display emotional signals. Touch has receivers less interest then other non-verbal modalities in this area of research. The intrusive aspect of current haptic interfaces is one of the main obstacles to their use in mediated emotional communication. In fact, the user is must physically connected to mechanical systems to receive the stimulation. This configuration affects the transparency of the mediated interaction and limits the perception of certain emotional dimensions as the Valence. The objective of this thesis is to propose and study a technique for tactile stimulation. This technique does not require contact with mechanical systems to transmit affective signals. On the basis of the state of the art of haptic interfaces, we proposed a strategy of tactile stimulation based on the use of a mobile air jet. This technique provides a non-intrusive tactile stimulation on different areas of the body. In addition, this tactile device would allow effective stimulation of some mechanoreceptors that play an important role in perceptions of positive affect. We conducted an experimental study to understand the relationships between the physical characteristics of tactile stimulation by air jet and the emotional perception of the users. The results highlight the main effects of the intensity and the velocity of movement of the air stream on the subjective evaluation measured in space affective (namely, Valence, Arousal and Dominance).The communication of emotions is clearly multi-modal. We use touch jointly with other modalities to communicate different emotional messages. We conducted two experimental studies to examine the combination of air jet tactile stimulation with facial and vocal expressions for perception of the valence. These experiments were conducted in a theoretical and experimental framework called integration of information theory. This framework allows modelling the integration of information from multiple sources using a cognitive algebra. Our work suggests that tactile stimulation by air jet can be used to transmit emotional signals in the context of the human-machine interactions. Perceptual bimodal integration models can be exploited to build computational models to display affects by combining tactile stimulation to facial expressions or the voice
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Giraud, Tom. "Full Body Interaction : Toward an integration of Individual Differences." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112044/document.
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Les humains virtuels en interaction homme machine sont aujourd’hui établis comme un objet de recherche à part entière. Leurs comportements pensés pour différentes applications sont basés sur les routines d’interaction entre humains. Bien que les humains virtuels aient souvent un corps représenté graphiquement, les recherches actuelles souffrent de deux limitations majeures qui dégradent la crédibilité de l’expérience des utilisateurs : les comportements corporels modélisés manquent d’interactivité sociale et ne prennent pas en compte les différences interindividuelles. Les développements récents en Sciences Humaines promeuvent une approche plus intégrative avec en son cœur le rôle constitutif de l’interaction sociale. La position centrale et interdisciplinaire des humains virtuels dans ce nouvel agenda de recherche est particulièrement importante : ils sont à la fois une manière de mieux étudier les différents phénomènes d’interactions sociales (comme outil expérimental) et une solution potentielle à des défis sociétaux (comme applications). L’objectif principal de cette thèse est de combiner les apports et valoriser les synergies établies entre les sciences de l’informatique et les sciences humaines, afin d’appréhender le rôle modérateur des différences interindividuelles dans le contrôle et la régulation des interactions corporelles. L’objectif à plus long terme de cette contribution vise à développer des humains virtuels interactifs à l’interface de ces domaines, avec l’idée que les besoins des deux champs de recherches contraindraient de manière positive les propositions futures. Pour limiter le cadre de cette thèse, nous nous sommes concentrés sur les mouvements du corps (les aspects statiques du corps ou les autres modalités ne sont pas considérées), sur les mécanismes de couplages bas niveaux et le rôle modérateur des différences interindividuelles avec comme objectif de proposer des prototypes d’humains virtuels comme preuve de concept (plutôt que des logiciels fonctionnels complets) incluant des modèles d’interaction corporelle dyadique. Notre méthodologie peut être résumée en quatre étapes principales. Premièrement, les modèles et hypothèses liant les processus d’interaction sociale aux différences interindividuelles résultent d’une double revue de littérature en sciences de l’informatique et sciences humaines. Ces différences interindividuelles identifiées comme pertinentes apparaissant faiblement associées théoriquement, notre seconde étape consista à étudier leurs associations lors d’une étude à grande échelle. Troisièmement, les interactions corporelles ont été analysées dans deux études de cas qui présentent des intérêts applicatifs et expérimentaux. Dans les deux cas, des corpus multimodaux d’interactions corporelles dyadiques ont été collectés et associés à des mesures de différences interindividuelles. La phase finale fut de développer des prototypes d’humains virtuels inspirés par les analyses précédentes et basés sur les données collectées. Le modèle général portant sur la prise en compte des différences interindividuelles se révèle en accord avec les données collectées (questionnaires d’auto-évaluation) : les relations entre dispositions d’orientations pro-sociales, d’empathie et de régulation émotionnelle furent confirmées. Les deux études de cas validèrent partiellement les hypothèses initiales : certaines différences interindividuelles modulèrent les processus d’interaction corporelle. Ces études contribuent à la définition de modèles d’humains virtuels interactifs parcimonieux. La principale contribution critique de ces deux études de cas au rôle modérateur des différences interindividuelles dans le modèle proposé est la nécessité de prendre en considération le contexte de la tâche avant de définir les hypothèses. L’intégration de ces différences interindividuelles identifiées dans les études de cas aux modèles informatiques interactifs est incluse dans les directions de recherches futuresIn human computer interaction, virtual humans are now established as a specific object of research. They build on human to human interaction routines to serve various application goals. Although Virtual Humans (VH) have bodies, current researches suffer from two major limitations which impair the experienced credibility: modeled bodily behaviors lack of social interactivity and do not account for individual differences. Recent developments in human sciences call for a more integrative approach with at its heart the constitutive role of social interaction. Of particular importance is the central and interdisciplinary position of virtual humans in this new research agenda: they are both a way to better investigate the various socially interactive phenomena (VH as experimental tools) and potential solutions for societal challenges (VH as applications). The main goal of this PhD thesis is to contribute to both computer and human sciences by studying together bodily interaction and individual differences. Central to this study is the long term objective to develop interactive virtual humans at the interface of these domains, with the idea that requirements from both fields would constrain positively future propositions. To limit the scope of the thesis, we focused on body movements (not considering static bodily aspects or other modalities), low level coupling mechanisms and the moderating role of individual differences with the aim to propose proof of concept of virtual human prototypes (rather than complete functional software) embedding full body dyadic interaction models. Our research methodology can be summarized in four main steps. First, models and hypotheses linking social interaction processes and individual differences emerged from a review of the literature in both computer and human sciences. As the identified relevant individual differences appeared barely theoretically associated, our second step aimed at investigating their interrelatedness in a large scale study. Thirdly, bodily interactions were analyzed in two case studies which present application and experimental interests. In both cases, corpuses were collected with full body interacting dyads and individual differences measured. The final phase was to develop virtual human prototypes inspired by previous analyses and based on the collected data. The proposed general model of individual differences was shown to be consistent with real word data (collected by self-report questionnaires): dispositions in pro-social orientations, empathy and emotion regulation were closely related. The two case studies partially confirmed our initial hypotheses: various individual differences modulated the bodily interactive processes. These studies enabled the definition of parsimonious virtual human interactive models. The main critical contribution of the two case studies to the proposed model of individual differences is the clear necessity to take into consideration the task context before drawing any hypotheses. Future directions of research are proposed including an integration of individual differences identified in case studies
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Xue, Kui. "Integration and interaction : redesign the campus of Wuhan University, China." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65658.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2011.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 215-218).
This thesis examines the principles that a Chinese campus should have in order to support a world-class academic performance. As China aims to promote the academic reputation of its higher education, it is necessary to upgrade its campuses according to world standards, especially the U.S. examples that greatly influenced the Chinese campuses at their inception. This thesis conducts the research process on the campus of Wuhan University (WHU) as the case study project. First, through quantitative comparison and analysis, the thesis establishes the goals for campus growth. Second, a long range plan of the Wuhan University campus is proposed to guide future developments. Third, this thesis provides a design proposal on an immediately available site named Science Quadrangle in search of an interactive academic environment.
by Kui Xue.
S.M.
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Jiang, Like. "Interaction and integration of visual and noise impacts of motorways." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13415/.
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This study aimed to achieve a better understanding of the visual and noise impacts of motorways and their integrated impact on the environmental quality via an aural-visual interaction approach, to contribute to more reliable and efficient assessments of the impacts. The study was based on perceptual experiments involving human participants using computer-visualised scenes and edited audio recordings as experimental stimuli. Factors related to road project characteristics and existing landscape characters that potentially influence the perceived visual impact of motorways were first investigated on without considering the impact from moving traffic. An online preference survey was conducted for this part of study. The results showed substantial visual impact from motorways especially in more natural landscapes and significant increase in the impact by opaque noise barriers. Map-based predictors were identified and a regression model was developed to predict and map the perceived visual impact in GIS. The second part of the study investigated the effects of traffic condition, distance to road and background landscape on the perceived visual impact of motorway traffic, and the contribution of traffic noise to the perceived visual impact. A laboratory experiment was carried out where experimental scenarios were presented to participants both with and without sound. The results showed significant visual impact from motorway traffic which was higher in the natural landscape than in the residential counterpart, increased by traffic volume and decreased by distance. Noise increased the perceived visual impact by a largely constant level despite changes in noise level and other factors. With findings on visual impact from above studies and knowledge on noise impact from current literature, the third part of this study, with a second laboratory experiment, investigated on the perceived integrated impact of visual intrusion and noise of motorways, and explored the predictability of the impact by noise exposure indices. The results showed that traffic volume expressed by noise emission level was the most influential factor, followed by distance and background landscape. A regression model using noise level at receiver position and type of background landscape as predictors was developed, explaining about a quarter of the variation in the perceived impact. Concerning the acoustical and visual effects of noise barriers found on perceived environmental quality, the fourth part of the study focused on mitigation of the integrated visual and noise impact by noise barrier. A third laboratory experiment was conducted and the results showed that noise barriers always had either beneficial or insignificant effect in mitigating integrated impact, and the effect was largely similar to that of tree belt. Generally, barriers varying in size and transparency did not differ much in their performance, but there seems to be some difference by barrier size at different distances. Lastly, using the above findings of this study, impact mappings as possible prototype of more advanced tools to assist visual and noise impact assessment were demonstrated.
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Rowbottom, Anne. "Royal symbolism and social integration." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.715421.
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Nascimento, Fabiana Borelli Gomes do. "Currículo Integrador na Educação Infantil: concepção e visão de educadores do ensino municipal da cidade de São Paulo." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21457.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This dissertation aims to analyze the principles and conceptions of the Integrative Curriculum from the perspective of a group of educators, focusing on the subsidies of the document "Curriculum Integrator of Childhood Paulistana", promoted by the Municipal Education Department of São Paulo. The study delimited the research scenario in an Educational Unit of Early Childhood Education in the District of Cidade Tiradentes and used the qualitative methodology (ANDRÉ, 2000; GAMBOA, 2000; CHIZZOTTI, 2003) to support the research. We constructed an open questionnaire (GIL, 2008), as an instrument for data collection, with the intention of revealing how the teachers understand the Integrative Curriculum and how these conceptions are embedded in their actions. The most problematized themes were highlighted and analyzed in consonance with specific theoretical literature. We found in the teachers' statements, elements indispensable to integrative pedagogical practices, such as the organization of times, spaces and materials, play, the integration of knowledge of different curricular components, children's cultures and protagonism. We perceive from the reflections carried out, an involvement of the educators, in approaching the foundations of the "Integrative Curriculum" the educational practices, for that, we emphasize the formative process, the discussions of the educational routines, as a field of strengthening and deepening to the integrative conceptions, in respect to childhood
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar os princípios e as concepções do Currículo Integrador sob a ótica de um grupo de educadoras, tendo como foco os subsídios do documento “Currículo Integrador da Infância Paulistana”, elaborado pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo. O estudo delimitou como cenário da pesquisa uma Unidade Educacional de Educação Infantil do distrito de Cidade Tiradentes e utilizou a metodologia qualitativa (ANDRÉ, 2000; GAMBOA, 2000; CHIZZOTTI, 2003) para embasamento da investigação. Para a coleta de dados, foi construído um questionário aberto (GIL, 2008), que buscou desvelar como as professoras compreendiam o Currículo Integrador e como tais concepções encontravam-se imbricadas em suas ações. Os temas mais problematizados foram destacados e analisados em consonância com literatura teórica específica. Nos depoimentos das professoras foram constatados elementos indispensáveis às práticas pedagógicas integradoras, como a organização dos tempos, dos espaços e dos materiais, o brincar, a integração de saberes de diferentes componentes curriculares, as culturas infantis e o protagonismo. Percebeu-se, a partir das reflexões realizadas, uma disposição das educadoras para a aproximação entre os fundamentos do “Currículo Integrador” e as práticas educativas. Para tanto, o processo formativo e as discussões das rotinas educativas são enfatizados como campo de fortalecimento e aprofundamento das concepções integradoras, em respeito à infância
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Roberts, Lynne D. "Social interaction in virtual environments." Curtin University of Technology, School of Psychology, 2001. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12792.
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The rapid growth of the internet over the past decade has provided increasing opportunities for individuals to engage in computer-mediated social interaction in virtual environments. Despite this rapid growth there has been limited research into the way people use the Internet, and the effect Internet use has on their lives (Kraut, 1996). The overall aim in the research presented in this thesis was to explore how characteristics of the individual interact with characteristics of computer-mediated communication to enable socio-emotional communication and behaviour in social text-based virtual environments. Three studies are presented. Studies One and Two are qualitative studies of social interaction in two text-based, synchronous ('real time') virtual environments: MOOs (Multi User Dimensions, Object Oriented) and Internet Relay' Chat (IRC). Grounded Theory (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) methodology was used to develop formal theories of social interaction within these environments. Stage models of virtual environment use were developed that described changes in social interaction over time. In MOOs, changes in social interaction over time reflected the process of coming to terms with what was initially viewed by users as an alternative reality. In IRC the central feature of social interaction that emerged was the perceived ease of communication. This was attributed to the effortlessness of meeting a wide range of potential communication partners in a social context where the communication itself was simplified to text only communication. The hypotheses developed from the qualitative research in Studies One and Two were tested in Study Three. This was a longitudinal study of new Internet users that examined the bi-directional effects of personality characteristics and computer-mediated communication on behaviour. Personality measures were poor predictors of time spent in ++both specific types of virtual environments and on-line in general. Based on the usage patterns across the three studies a decision pathway for the use of virtual environments was developed. A key finding across the studies was the potential for virtual environments to enhance psychological well-being for individuals who experience social discomfort in off-line settings. Limitations of the research were discussed and suggestions made for future research.
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Miles, Lynden K. "Smiles, affordances, and social interaction." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4765.
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This thesis describes a program of research designed to investigate the sensitivity of
perceivers to the ontological distinctions between simulated expressions of happiness
unrelated to positive emotional experience, or, posed smiles, and spontaneous,
veridical expressions of positive affect, or, genuine smiles. Importantly, this research
was conducted from within the theoretical framework of Gibsonian ecological
psychology, an alternative approach to the information processing theories that
dominate contemporary psychological theorising.
Four experiments were conducted that employed an original set of ecologically valid
facial displays generated specifically for the present research. In Experiments I a and
1 b, it was demonstrated that when jUdging from either photographs or video,
participants could determine whether a smile reflected a positive emotional
experience or not. Furthermore, for both of these studies, participants exhibited a bias
toward misidentifying posed smiles that expose the teeth as genuine smiles.
Experiment 2 also revealed findings consistent with the notion that perceivers are
sensitive to the meaningful differences between posed and genuine smiles. In this
study, participants were required to judge the valence of a series of target words, each
of which was preceded by a briefly presented facial expression (i.e. a prime). The
results of this study indicated that the identification of positive words was facilitated
when preceded by a genuine smile, but not a posed smile. Experiment 3 was
conducted to further investigate how such sensitivity may be manifest in regard to
guiding effective social interaction. PartiCipants were required to play several rounds
of the Prisoners' Dilemma game with partners (actually video recordings) exhibiting
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either posed or genuine smiles. The results of this experiment indicated that genuine
smiles facilitated cooperative interaction, but posed smiles did not.
The results of all four experiments are discussed in terms of the functionality provided
by accurate social perception with regard to the acquisition of information specifying
the emotional state, and more broadly, the dispositional properties of conspecifics.
Finally, these results will be considered in terms of the ecological conceptualisation of
psychological activity, with an emphasis on the social affordances specified by posed
and genuine smiles respectively.
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Esbjörnsson, Mattias. "Enhanced social interaction in traffic /." Göteborg : IT University of Göteborg, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40113268r.
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Gong, Jyh-Chyi. "The dynamics of social interaction /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9804527.
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Pallamin, Nico. "Social interaction in virtual reality." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/331/.
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L'interaction sociale en univers virtuel est un domaine émergent en l'informatique et en sciences sociales. L'objectif de cette recherche était de qualifier ce qu'est une interaction sociale et d'identifier les conditions que doit fournir un environnement virtuel pour qu'effectivement, cette interaction sociale puisse se dérouler (se co-construire). Nous nous sommes particulièrement intéressés à la dimension non verbale de la communication ainsi qu'à l'articulation entre animation intentionnelle et non intentionnelle. Alors qu'une grande partie des travaux dans ce domaine est basée sur un paradigme d'interaction entre humain et avatar, notre approche concerne l'interaction entre des avatars animés par des humains. Notre objectif était d'identifier un ensemble de règles d'interaction susceptibles de respecter deux principes fondamentaux de l'interaction sociale : la réflexivité et l'indexicalité. C'est la mise en œuvre de ces deux principes qui permettent aux acteurs humains de co-construire le sens de leur interaction en temps réel. Plutôt que de représenter toutes les fonctions cognitives humaines, nous avons développé un moteur d'animation capable de reproduire la dimension dynamique de l'interaction sociale. Ce moteur permet de gérer la fusion entre l'animation intentionnelle produite par l'acteur humain et les animations autonomes de l'avatar. La validation de notre modèle est basée sur une analyse ethnométhodologique visant à comparer les interactions sociales entre interlocuteurs en situation réel et en univers virtuelVirtual reality is an emerging technology that has proved its great potentiality in various fields. In these last years, researchers start to investigate the problem of realistic and effective social interaction in virtual worlds. The aim of our research is to improve the level of efficiency of virtual communication focusing mostly on the role of non-verbal communication. Our approach is mostly based on non-deterministic social theories that stress the role of emergence and contextual intelligence in contraposition of the classical cognitive modelling and plan-based artificial intelligence. Considering the limits of artificial intelligence to reproduce in an effective way the complexity of human social interaction, we decide to develop an architecture able to leave the user free to exploit all his contextual intelligence to drive the social interaction. In such way we are able to grant that the characteristics of reflexivity and indexicality are taken in care during the interaction. The result of our work is a virtual environment in which a set of basic social interaction rules partially drive the behaviours of the avatars. The virtual reality platform includes an animation system that handle the priority between the animations driven by the automatic modules and the one controlled by the user. The user in then always in control of his avatar and can stop the automatic animations at any moment via his voluntary control. The validation of the model is based on a series of ethnomethodological analysis performed to directly compare similar social interactions between users in real world and in virtual environments
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Nyberg, Robert. "Social interaction with digital artefacts." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21812.
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Shen, Li. "Model integration and control interaction analysis of AC/VSC HVDC system." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/model-integration-and-control-interaction-analysis-of-acvsc-hvdc-system(2d4bcb21-a97f-4c7f-b413-1a2a54086145).html.
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The development of voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission has progressed rapidly worldwide over the past few years. The UK transmission system is going through a radical change in the energy landscape which requires a number of VSC HVDC installations to connect large Round 3 windfarms and for interconnections to other countries. For bulk power long distance transmission, VSC HVDC technology offers flexibility and controllability in power flow, which can benefit and strengthen the conventional AC system. However, the associated uncertainties and potential problems need to be identified and addressed. To carry out this research, integrated mathematical dynamic AC/DC system models are developed in this thesis for small disturbance stability analysis. The fidelity of this research is further increased by developing a dynamic equivalent representative Great Britain (GB) like system, which is presented as a step-by-step procedure with the intention of providing a road map for turning a steady-state load flow model into a dynamic equivalent. This thesis aims at filling some of the gaps in research regarding the integration of VSC HVDC technology into conventional AC systems. The main outcome of this research is a systematic assessment of the effects of VSC controls on the stability of the connected AC system. The analysis is carried out for a number of aspects which mainly orbit around AC/DC system stability issues, as well as the control interactions between VSC HVDC and AC system components. The identified problems and interactions can mainly be summarized into three areas: (1) the effect of VSC HVDC controls on the AC system electromechanical oscillations, (2) the potential control interactions between VSC HVDC and flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) and (3) the active power support capability of VSC HVDC for improving AC system stability. The effect of VSC controls on the AC system dynamics is assessed with a parametric sensitivity analysis to highlight the trade-offs between candidate VSC HVDC outer control schemes. A combination of analysis techniques including relative gain array (RGA) and modal analysis, is then applied to give an assessment of the interactions – within the plant model and the outer controllers – between a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and a VSC HVDC link operating in the same AC system. Finally, a specific case study is used to analyse the capability of VSC HVDC for providing active power support to the connected AC system through a proposed frequency droop active power control strategy.
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Morin, Alexis. "Lin'guage : Self-Directed In-Country Language Learning for Cultural Integration." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen Designhögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-72755.
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There are more than 175 million migrant workers around the world. For example, 25% of the population of Singapore is comprised of migrants. As a result, social alienation arises from the language gap needing to be bridged. This gap oftentimes causes high (and unnecessary) levels of stress in the lives of these migrants.Mentally preparing for such a migration is but one of the steps which can help alleviate the stress cause by acculturation. Learning the local language and cultural mannerisms can help migrants better prepare for moving to a different country. Inspired by an immigrant mother who has learned French in order to adapt to her surroundings and many friends in similar situations, much background research was also performed in order to properly frame such broad language learning service. Testing over 28 existing language learning solutions, performing over 15 interviews and observing many learners in the wild contributed to the construction of many functional language learning prototypes. [Language Acquisition Projects], [Guided Conversation], [Social Profiler], [Lockscreen Flashcards] and even more prototypes were built as quickly as possible and tested with potential learners in order to validate their effectiveness, effectiveness for retention and fun factor. These prototypes were refined and packaged into the lin’guage service, a tool comprised of mobile software, a personal dictionary and language-specific branded objects; all of which could be used anywhere in the world to learn the local language wherever migrants move. The software is made for busy people, presenting fun learning challenges tailor-picked for learners which only take between 1 and 5 minutes to complete. Designed as a framework, lin’guage can be used to learn any language from any language. (A German speaker could learn Korean, or a Swedish speaker could learn Chinese).