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Journal articles on the topic 'Social Harms'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

VAN DER STERREN, ANKE E., IAN P. ANDERSON, and LISA G. THORPE. "‘Individual’ harms, Community ‘harms’: reconciling Indigenous values with drug harm minimisation policy." Drug and Alcohol Review 25, no. 3 (May 2006): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09595230600644681.

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2

Pols, A. J. K., and H. A. Romijn. "Evaluating irreversible social harms." Policy Sciences 50, no. 3 (January 28, 2017): 495–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11077-017-9277-1.

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3

Slanina, František. "Harms and benefits from social imitation." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 299, no. 1-2 (October 2001): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4371(01)00314-4.

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4

Mousavi Chelak, Hassan, Ezzatolla Samaram, and Seyed Ahmad Hoseini Hajibekandeh. "Suggested Social Policies to Control Social Harms in Iran." Social Welfare 18, no. 70 (February 1, 2019): 77–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/refahj.18.70.77.

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5

HARROSH, SHLOMIT. "IDENTIFYING HARMS." Bioethics 26, no. 9 (March 25, 2011): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8519.2011.01889.x.

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6

Rhodes, Tim. "Risk environments and drug harms: A social science for harm reduction approach." International Journal of Drug Policy 20, no. 3 (May 2009): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.10.003.

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7

Taylor, Isaac. "Robust Harms." Moral Philosophy and Politics 5, no. 1 (June 26, 2018): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mopp-2017-0018.

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AbstractPhilip Pettit has argued that more robust harms are worse than less robust ones, other things equal, and thinks that appealing to this presumption can help us rationalise the appeal of a number of widely-held moral principles. In this paper, I challenge this view. I argue against the presumption and suggest that, even if it were correct, it could not give much support to the moral principles that Pettit discusses. I also claim, however, that Pettit has the resources at his disposal to explain the attraction of the principles in another way, and lay out how such an explanation would proceed. As moral heuristics, at least, these principles can be grounded on the need to maintain social norms necessary to guarantee individuals’ security.

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Peršak, Nina. "Book review: Invisible crimes and social harms." International Review of Victimology 21, no. 3 (August 19, 2015): 361–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269758015591749.

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9

Banja, John. "When Harms Become Wrongs." Journal of Disability Policy Studies 12, no. 2 (September 2001): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104420730101200204.

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10

AMERIAN, Fatemeh. "A Qualitative Analysis Of The Social Harms Of Virtual Social Networks." SOCIAL MENTALITY AND RESEARCHER THINKERS JOURNAL 5, no. 20 (January 1, 2019): 943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31576/smryj.302.

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PEDERSEN, WILLY. "REPLY TO REINARMAN: THE SOCIAL HARMS OF CANNABIS." Addiction 106, no. 9 (August 5, 2011): 1645–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03580.x.

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12

Gleeson, Kate. "Exceptional Sexual Harms." Social & Legal Studies 27, no. 6 (November 10, 2017): 734–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0964663917739687.

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Questioning of Catholic Church leaders in the Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse has revealed a distinct sense of immunity and lack of responsibility for the crimes of church personnel, which has resulted in stymied justice for complainants in sexual abuse lawsuits. In this article, I explore this immunity by examining it in the context of treatments of sexual harms in other areas of private law, particularly religious exceptions to discrimination law, by which religious organizations are granted immunity from the modern rationale of the harms of discrimination on the grounds of sex and sexual orientation. In situating child sexual abuse claims in the broader sphere of private law, I aim to reveal law’s incoherent logic of sexual harms, and its implications for justice. The example of religious exceptions illustrates an incoherent problematization of sexual harm and responsibility in contemporary legal and political systems that aim to uphold modern values of equality and dignity while sustaining incompatible doctrines of religious autonomy.

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13

Stanesby, Oliver, Gerhard Gmel, Kathryn Graham, Thomas K. Greenfield, Orratai Waleewong, and Sharon C. Wilsnack. "Improving measurement of harms from others’ drinking: A key informant study on type and severity of harm." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 37, no. 2 (March 9, 2020): 122–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072520908386.

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Aims: Survey items for measuring harms experienced from others' drinking (AHTO) have been developed primarily to measure type of harm and not severity. However, some type of harms may produce more negative effects than others. We aimed to compare the perceived severity of a comprehensive list of AHTO items to assess consistency in subjective ratings of severity, facilitate a more nuanced analysis and identify strategies to improve measurement of AHTO in epidemiological surveys. Methods: Thirty-six leaders of national alcohol surveys (conducted between 1997 and 2016) from 23 countries rated the typical severity of negative effects on the victim of each of 48 types of AHTO using a scale from zero (no negative effect) to 10 (very severe negative effect). The survey leaders were also asked to provide open-ended feedback about each harm and the severity-rating task generally. Results: Of 48 harm items, five were classified as extreme severity (mean rating ≥ 8), 17 as high (≥ 6 < 8), 25 as moderate (≥ 4 < 6), and one as low (≤ 4). We used two-way random effects models to estimate absolute agreement intraclass correlation coefficients (AA-ICC) and consistency of agreement intraclass correlation coefficients (CA-ICC). Results showed that there was fair to excellent absolute agreement and consistency of agreement among experts’ ratings of the severity of harms from others’ drinking (single measures CA-ICC = 0.414, single measures AA-ICC = 0.325; average CA-ICC = 0.940, average AA-ICC = 0.914). Harms to children, and harms causing physical, financial, practical, or severe emotional impacts were rated most severe. Conclusions: When designing new AHTO surveys and conducting analyses of existing data, researchers should pay close attention to harms with high perceived severity to identify effective ways to prevent severe AHTO and reduce the negative health and social impacts of AHTO. By inquiring into experts' views on survey items, this analysis involves a first scoping of the sort of questions that should be taken into consideration. In-depth analyses of specific sub-sets of harms and qualitative interviews with victims of severe AHTO are likely to help along this work in the future.

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14

Saurwein, Florian, and Charlotte Spencer-Smith. "Automated Trouble: The Role of Algorithmic Selection in Harms on Social Media Platforms." Media and Communication 9, no. 4 (November 18, 2021): 222–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v9i4.4062.

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Social media platforms like Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter have become major objects of criticism for reasons such as privacy violations, anticompetitive practices, and interference in public elections. Some of these problems have been associated with algorithms, but the roles that algorithms play in the emergence of different harms have not yet been systematically explored. This article contributes to closing this research gap with an investigation of the link between algorithms and harms on social media platforms. Evidence of harms involving social media algorithms was collected from media reports and academic papers within a two-year timeframe from 2018 to 2019, covering Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, and Twitter. Harms with similar casual mechanisms were grouped together to inductively develop a typology of algorithmic harm based on the mechanisms involved in their emergence: (1) algorithmic errors, undesirable, or disturbing selections; (2) manipulation by users to achieve algorithmic outputs to harass other users or disrupt public discourse; (3) algorithmic reinforcement of pre-existing harms and inequalities in society; (4) enablement of harmful practices that are opaque and discriminatory; and (5) strengthening of platform power over users, markets, and society. Although the analysis emphasizes the role of algorithms as a cause of online harms, it also demonstrates that harms do not arise from the application of algorithms alone. Instead, harms can be best conceived of as socio-technical assemblages, composed of the use and design of algorithms, platform design, commercial interests, social practices, and context. The article concludes with reflections on possible governance interventions in response to identified socio-technical mechanisms of harm. Notably, while algorithmic errors may be fixed by platforms themselves, growing platform power calls for external oversight.

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15

Hung, Jason. "Cultural Homelessness, Social Dislocation and Psychosocial Harms: An Overview of Social Mobility in Hong Kong and Mainland China." Asian Social Science 16, no. 5 (April 30, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v16n5p1.

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In order to facilitate collective decision making and breed productivity, it is important to ensure societies operate in a fair and just manner. Chinese literature has a propensity of relying on sociological theories from the modern West, prompting the review essay to address theories of capital, social mobility, cultural preferences and otherwise based on leading western literature. This review essay addresses how an increase in social mobility of those from lower social origins results in cultural homelessness and social dislocation, in relations to the experiences of psychosocial harms. As per western studies, the review essay examines the extent of cultural homelessness, social dislocation and psychosocial harms faced by upwardly mobilising cohorts in Hong Kong and China. To conclude, the essay argues upwardly mobilising cohorts in Hong Kong and China are likely to experience cultural homelessness, and the corresponding cohorts in China face salient problems of social dislocation. The encounters of cultural and social dilemmas are associated with the experiences of psychosocial harms for both populations.

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Boches, Daniel J., Brittany T. Martin, Andrea Giuffre, Amairini Sanchez, Aubrianne L. Sutherland, and Sarah K. S. Shannon. "Monetary Sanctions and Symbiotic Harms." RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences 8, no. 2 (January 2022): 98–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.7758/rsf.2022.8.2.05.

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17

Huff, C., D. G. Johnson, and K. Miller. "Virtual harms and real responsibility." IEEE Technology and Society Magazine 22, no. 2 (2003): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mtas.2003.1216238.

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18

Ates, Mehmet Alpay. "Social Harms of Nonprescribed or Uncontrolled Use of Antidepressants." Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni-Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 25, no. 4 (December 2015): 433–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/bcp.20150502073029.

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19

Montgomery, Elizabeth T., Sarah T. Roberts, Annalene Nel, Mariette Malherbe, Kristine Torjesen, Katherine Bunge, Devika Singh, et al. "Social harms in female-initiated HIV prevention method research." AIDS 33, no. 14 (November 2019): 2237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qad.0000000000002346.

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20

Weaver, Sara. "The harms of ignoring the social nature of science." Synthese 196, no. 1 (July 4, 2017): 355–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1479-8.

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21

Westin, Anna. "The harms of prostitution: critiquing Moen's argument of no-harm." Journal of Medical Ethics 40, no. 2 (June 12, 2013): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2012-101082.

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22

Petersson, Björn. "Over-Determined Harms and Harmless Pluralities." Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 21, no. 4 (August 2018): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10677-018-9913-7.

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23

Pellegrino, Gianfranco. "Robust Individual Responsibility for Climate Harms." Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 21, no. 4 (August 2018): 811–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10677-018-9915-5.

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24

Phan, Lilianna, Andrea C. Villanti, Glenn Leshner, Theodore L. Wagener, Elise M. Stevens, Andrea C. Johnson, and Darren Mays. "Development and Pretesting of Hookah Tobacco Public Education Messages for Young Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (November 25, 2020): 8752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238752.

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Young adults’ hookah tobacco use is fueled by misperceptions about risks, appealing flavors, and social use. We developed and pretested public education messages to prevent and reduce hookah tobacco smoking among young adults. We used a two (user status: current hookah user, susceptible never user) by two (risk content: health harms or addiction) by three (message theme: harms/addiction risk alone, harms/addiction risk flavors, or harms/addiction risk social use) design with two messages/condition (n = 12 total messages). Young adults aged 18–30 (N = 713) were randomized to 1 of 12 messages and completed measures assessing message receptivity, attitudes, and negative emotional response. Harms messages were associated with greater receptivity (p < 0.001), positive attitudes (p < 0.001), and negative emotional response (p < 0.001) than addiction messages. Messages with harm or addiction content alone were associated with greater receptivity than social use-themed messages (p = 0.058). Flavor-themed messages did not differ in receptivity from harm or addiction content alone or social use-themed messages. Messages about the health harms of hookah tobacco use resonate more with young adults than addiction risk messages. Social use-themed messages produce the lowest receptivity. These findings can guide population-based approaches to communicate hookah tobacco risks to young adults.

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25

Pronovost, Peter J. "Toward Eliminating All Harms." Quality Management in Health Care 25, no. 3 (2016): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qmh.0000000000000100.

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26

Rhodes, Rosamond. "Clones, Harms, and Rights." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, no. 3 (1995): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100006022.

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As the possibility of cloning humans emerges on the horizon people are worrying about the morality of using the new technology. They are anxious about the ethical borders that might be crossed when duplicate humans can be produced by separating the cells of a newly fertilized human egg or, in the more distant future, by creating a zygote from an existing person's genetic material. They are apprehensive about eugenics, concerned about creating humans as sources of spare parts for others, uneasy about producing humans without intending to allow them to live and develop, and uncomfortable about using duplicate humans as business ventures.

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27

Damayanti, Rima, and Mohammad Rofiuddin. "Mengukur profitabilitas dengan non performing financing sebagai variabel intervening pada pada Bank Umum Syariah." Journal of Accounting and Digital Finance 1, no. 3 (December 30, 2021): 221–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.53088/jadfi.v1i3.188.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of Islamic social reporting, independent commissioners, and audit committees on profitability, with non-performing financing as an intervening variable. This study uses panel data, with a sample of 10 Islamic commercial banks in the 2016-2020 research period. The sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling. The results showed that Islamic social reporting was significantly adverse on profitability. The independent board of commissioners is significantly positive on profitability. The audit committee is significantly negative on profitability. Meanwhile, non-performing financing harms profitability. Islamic social reporting harms non-performing financing, the independent board of commissioners harms non-performing financing, and the audit committee harms non-performing financing. Non-performing financing variables cannot mediate Islamic social reporting, independent board of commissioners, audit committee on profitability.

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28

McDonald, Jack. "Information, Privacy, and Just War Theory." Ethics & International Affairs 34, no. 3 (2020): 379–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0892679420000477.

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AbstractAre the sources of a combatant's knowledge in war morally relevant? This article argues that privacy is relevant to just war theory in that it draws attention to privacy harms associated with the conduct of war. Since we cannot assume that information is made available to combatants in a morally neutral manner, we must therefore interrogate the relationship between privacy harms and the acts that they enable in war. Here, I argue that there is ample evidence that we cannot discount the analysis of privacy harms in war, and that analysis of such harms requires us to examine social goods. I develop this point to demonstrate the problems that this poses for aspects of revisionist just war theory; namely, reductivism and individualism. In order to evaluate the moral consequences of privacy harms in war, we must understand the unilateral and adversarial character of balancing privacy harms against social goods in the context of war, which, in turn, requires that we consider social goods and social institutions as objects of moral evaluation. Further, concepts drawn from privacy scholarship, such as Helen Nissenbaum's concept of contextual integrity, enable us to identify a range of moral problems associated with contemporary war that deserve further attention from just war theorists.

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Benier, Kathryn. "The harms of hate." International Review of Victimology 23, no. 2 (February 27, 2017): 179–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269758017693087.

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Studies have demonstrated that hate crime victimisation has harmful effects for individuals. Victims of hate crime report anger, nervousness, feeling unsafe, poor concentration and loss of self-confidence. While victims of non-hate crimes report similar feelings, harm is intensified for hate crime victims due to the targeted nature of the incident. While there is some evidence that experiencing or even witnessing hate crime may have a detrimental effect on residents’ community life, the effects of being victim of a hate crime inside one’s own neighbourhood remain unstudied. Using census data combined with survey data from 4396 residents living across 148 neighbourhoods in Brisbane, Australia, this study examines whether residents who report hate crime within their own neighbourhood differ in their participation in community life when compared to victims of non-hate crime or those who have not been victimised. This is the first study to focus on victims’ views on: how welcoming their neighbourhood is to ethnic diversity; their attachment to their neighbourhood; their frequency of social interactions with neighbours; their number of friends and acquaintances in the neighbourhood; and their fear of crime. Results from propensity score matching (PSM) indicate that there are important differences in patterns of neighbourhood participation across these three groups.

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Gibson, Richard B. "Elective Impairment Minus Elective Disability: The Social Model of Disability and Body Integrity Identity Disorder." Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 17, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11673-019-09959-5.

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AbstractIndividuals with body integrity identity disorder (BIID) seek to address a non-delusional incongruity between their body image and their physical embodiment, sometimes via the surgical amputation of healthy body parts. Opponents to the provision of therapeutic healthy-limb amputation in cases of BIID make appeals to the envisioned harms that such an intervention would cause, harms such as the creation of a lifelong physical disability where none existed before. However, this concept of harm is often based on a normative biomedical model of health and disability, a model which conflates amputation with impairment, and impairment with a disability. This article challenges the prima facie harms assumed to be inherent in limb amputation and argues in favour of a potential treatment option for those with BIID. To do this, it employs the social model of disability as a means to separate the concept of impairment and disability and thereby separate the acute and chronic harms of the practice of therapeutic healthy-limb amputation. It will then argue that provided sufficient measures are put in place to ensure that those with atypical bodily constructions are not disadvantaged, the chronic harms of elective amputation would cease to be.

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Davis, Christopher G., Jennifer Thake, and Natalie Vilhena. "Social desirability biases in self-reported alcohol consumption and harms." Addictive Behaviors 35, no. 4 (April 2010): 302–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.11.001.

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32

Arabi, Sedighe. "Sociological analysis of social harms and their influence on health." Journal of Research and Health 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/jrh.9.1.1.

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33

Volberg, Rachel A. "Banking transactions and gambling harms." Nature Human Behaviour 5, no. 3 (February 4, 2021): 303–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01052-5.

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34

Grasswick, Heidi. "Understanding Epistemic Trust Injustices and Their Harms." Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 84 (November 2018): 69–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246118000553.

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AbstractMuch of the literature concerning epistemic injustice has focused on the variety of harms done to socially marginalized persons in their capacities as potentialcontributorsto knowledge projects. However, in order to understand the full implications of the social nature of knowing, we must confront the circulation of knowledge and the capacity of epistemic agents to take up knowledge produced by others and make use of it. I argue that members of socially marginalized lay communities can sufferepistemic trust injusticeswhen potentially powerful forms of knowing such as scientific understandings are generated in isolation from them, and when the social conditions required for aresponsibly-placed trustto be formed relative to the relevant epistemic institutions fail to transpire.

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35

Jones, Charlotte. "The harms of medicalisation: intersex, loneliness and abandonment." Feminist Theory 23, no. 1 (January 2022): 39–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14647001211062740.

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This article develops loneliness as a political and social justice issue by illustrating the harmful personal and social consequences of the medical jurisdiction over and constitution of variations in sex characteristics. Whilst connections between loneliness, health and illness have been well established, this work customarily identifies the ways illness can lead to, or be caused by, loneliness. Instead, I provide an account of the central role of medicalisation and medical management in producing loneliness. By doing so, I underline the imperative for medical practice to consider its influence upon social and personal, as well as physical, wellbeing. Drawing on stories shared through solicited diaries followed by in-depth interviews with seven people with sex variations and two parents in the UK, I show how accounts of loneliness help to illuminate the violence of abandonment, silencing and marginalisation that often goes unheard, together with hidden or normalised systems of harm. Building on concepts of ethical loneliness and ontological loneliness, I show how structural violations operate to injure trust and self-worth, leading to social unease. I argue for the importance of people with sex variations finding sites of comfort and acceptance, but note the ways that some forms of medicalisation can inhibit alliances and community formation, despite diagnoses also carrying the potential to facilitate informal support structures and collective identities. By bringing together intersex studies with discourses of loneliness, I develop a better understanding of loneliness as a product of social and systemic violence, and the ways in which medical discourses tie in with larger structures of oppression, coercion and control. This article concludes by underlining the need for structural change in our approach to and understanding of sex variations, and with a call for us to become more attentive to these stories of medical harm, to ensure that they are heard and to seek necessary justice.

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Featherstone, Brid, Anna Gupta, and Kate Morris. "Bringing back the social: the way forward for children’s social work?" Journal of Children's Services 12, no. 2-3 (September 18, 2017): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-04-2017-0011.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to argue for the need to move away from a sole focus on assessing and dealing with individualised risk factors in order to more fully engage with and understand the social determinants of many of the harms that are manifest in families. Design/methodology/approach It draws from a number of research studies being conducted by the authors and a literature on psycho-social approaches to social suffering. Findings It highlights the evidence on the contribution of poverty and inequality to many of the problems encountered within families. It explores how hurt, shame and loss are experienced by those who are marginalised and struggling to live well and care safely for themselves and others. Practical implications It highlights the practice implications of adopting an approach that engages with both the social and the psychological and understands their inter-relationship. It offers some thoughts on how the social in psycho-social might receive the attention it deserves, a situation which does not pertain currently. Originality/value It offers an original contribution to thinking in the area of child protection where the focus is primarily on individualised risk factors. It highlights the importance of understanding the social determinants of many of the harms experienced in families and offers some pointers towards thinking and practising differently.

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Krason, Steven M. "The Harms of Same-Sex Parenting." Catholic Social Science Review 24 (2019): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/cssr2019242.

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This was one of SCSS President Stephen M. Krason’s “Neither Left nor Right, but Catholic” columns that appear monthly in Crisis and The Wanderer. It discusses the solid social science research that shows the harms to children raised in same-sex households. He says that in spite of this the child protective system (CPS), which seems to regard such things as spanking and free-range parenting as child abuse/neglect apparently does not view the harms of same-sex parenting to be worthy of investigating. Krason suggests that this is because of the ideological biases that characterize the CPS.

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Burdon, Mark, and Tegan Cohen. "Modulation Harms and The Google Home." Surveillance & Society 19, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v19i2.14299.

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Deleuze’s (1992) modulation is frequently invoked to explain power relations in hyper-connected, sensorised environments. However, attempts to articulate the harmful implications of modulation—a critical step in the process of considering the need for legal intervention—have been modest. In this paper, we theorise four harms arising from the exercise of modulatory power: subsumption, amplification, vibration, and alienation. To do so, we outline the core features of Deleuzean modulatory power (Deleuze 1992), illustrated through contrasts with Foucauldian discipline (Foucault 1995, 1988). Then, drawing on Julie Cohen’s (2013, 2015, 2018, 2019) modulation as a two-way flow of predicted and prescripted modes of governance and knowledge production, we explore and situate our harms in the sensorised and smart home, employing Google’s patented vision as a concrete example (Fadell et al. 2020). We contend that modulation harms arise from the continuous flow and constant agitation of insistent modification (D’Amato 2019) enabled by sensorisation. The core power act that gives rise to modulation harm is the ability to harness, direct, and provide “frequency” to flows of sensor data to achieve continual behavioural modification and shape social norms about the purposes and benefits of such modification. The overarching harm we identify is subsumption, the infrastructural enclosure of all sensorised environments that enables social shaping to take place anywhere, which gives rise to the other modulation harms. Amplification harms regard auto-regulatory norms as an unquestioned facet of an automated human life. Vibration harms arise from the automated ability to prescribe changes in affect. Alienation harms regard subtle denials of access to informational networks. We show that the Google sensorised home both modulates and disciplines occupants concurrently, but more importantly, these concurrent power acts can take place wherever an individual is tethered to the modulation infrastructure and sensor data can be harnessed.

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39

DiGenova, Natasha. "Activating Student Voice in Social Change." Journal for Activist Science and Technology Education 11, no. 1 (May 10, 2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/jaste.v11i1.34257.

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This article, by a teacher of science who works as a long-term occasional basis, provides highlights of her experiences over two years in promoting students' research-informed and negotiated action projects to overcome harms they perceive in relationships among fields of science & technology and societies & environments (STSE).

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GRAY, DENNIS, LISA JACKSON PULVER, SHERRY SAGGERS, and JOHN WALDON. "Addressing indigenous1 substance misuse and related harms." Drug and Alcohol Review 25, no. 3 (May 2006): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09595230600644616.

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41

Craplet, Michel. "Prevention of Alcohol- and Tobacco-Related Harms." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 24, no. 3 (June 2007): 299–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145507250702400303.

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Based on a definition of comprehensive prevention, the author submits prevention actions in alcohol and tobacco related problems to the question: “Education or control, must we choose?” After reviewing the history, the author describes the current panorama of health education actions and control before discussing some methodological and ethical questions concerning the methods and the actors of prevention. He tries to define “prevention ideal” – which must be distinguished from “ideal prevention” and its totalitarian abuse – to introduce the second part of his text which deals with the question of evaluation of the effectiveness of alcohol- and tobacco-related problems prevention. The author confirms the efficacy of control measures, but also shows that education has a certain degree of efficacy, despite the dominant trends in Anglo-Saxons countries. He also shows that education is necessary in the context of many European countries. After discussing the issue of cost-effectiveness ratio, the author emphasise the need for global prevention taking into account cultural and political elements to ensure efficient as well as effective prevention and social acceptance of this prevention.

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DUNLOP, ADRIAN. "Harms: How much, how many, how often?" Drug and Alcohol Review 30, no. 3 (May 2011): 332–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3362.2011.00286.x.

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Karnani, Aneel. "Romanticizing the Poor Harms the Poor." Metamorphosis: A Journal of Management Research 6, no. 2 (July 2007): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972622520070206.

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A libertarian movement that emphasizes free markets to reduce poverty has grown strong in recent years. It views the poor as “resilient and creative entrepreneurs and value-conscious consumers”. This romanticized view of the poor is far from the truth and harms the poor in two ways. First, it results in too little emphasis on legal, regulatory, and social mechanisms to protect the poor who are vulnerable consumers. Second, it results in overemphasis on microcredit and under-emphasis on fostering modern enterprises that would provide employment opportunities for the poor. More importantly, the libertarian proposition grossly under-emphasizes the critical role and responsibility of the state for poverty reduction.

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Farnam, H. "Mobile phone social harms (mobile phone, communicative device or crime tool)." Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 8, no. 2 (August 22, 2016): 1196. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v8i2s.22.

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Pildes, Richard H. "Why Rights are not Trumps: Social Meanings, Expressive Harms, and Constitutionalism." Journal of Legal Studies 27, S2 (June 1998): 725–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/468041.

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Milford, C., N. Barsdorf, and Z. Kafaar. "What should South African HIV vaccine trials do about social harms?" AIDS Care 19, no. 9 (October 2007): 1110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540120701335212.

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Kailemia, Mwenda. "Problem-oriented policing of transnational environmental crimes: a social harms approach." International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 43, no. 2 (September 2018): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2018.1515093.

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Vedeler, Janikke Solstad, Terje Olsen, and John Eriksen. "Hate speech harms: a social justice discussion of disabled Norwegians’ experiences." Disability & Society 34, no. 3 (March 16, 2019): 368–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2018.1515723.

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Weitzman, Elissa R., Skyler Kelemen, Maryanne Quinn, Emma M. Eggleston, and Kenneth D. Mandl. "Participatory Surveillance of Hypoglycemia and Harms in an Online Social Network." JAMA Internal Medicine 173, no. 5 (March 11, 2013): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.2512.

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Throuvala, Melina A., Mark D. Griffiths, Mike Rennoldson, and Daria J. Kuss. "Perceived Challenges and Online Harms from Social Media Use on a Severity Continuum: A Qualitative Psychological Stakeholder Perspective." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 20, 2021): 3227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063227.

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Evidence suggests that problematic use of gaming, the internet, and social media among adolescents is on the rise, affecting multiple psycho-emotional domains. However, research providing a comprehensive and triangulated stakeholder perspective of perceived harms is lacking. How are adolescent online harms experienced and conceptualized by students, parents, and teachers? The present study comprised part of a qualitative needs assessment investigation with the use of focus groups and individual interviews among key stakeholder groups assessing perceived impacts with a focus on the negative consequences and perceived harms. The study’s sample consisted of students (N = 42, Mage = 13.5, SD = 2.3), parents (N = 9, Mage = 37, SD = 5.6) and teachers (N = 9, Mage = 34, SD = 4.9) from the UK. Data were analysed with thematic analysis. Findings focused primarily on social media use impacts and indicated that processes underlying impacts experienced by adolescents may be conceptualized on a severity continuum. Stakeholder consensus on perceptions of challenges and perceived harms formed the second theme, with impacts further analysed as relating to time displacement, peer judgement, sensory overload and context of the adolescent with functional (performance, task switching, use of multiple devices), cognitive (loss or deterioration of attentional focus, attention deficit), and emotional consequences (stress, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive/checking behaviours). A third theme formed was individual vulnerabilities predisposing poor mental health outcomes. The final theme related to impacts dependent on context and meaning attached. Findings suggest a consideration of a spectrum approach encompassing a broader range of potential psychological challenges and perceived harms beyond safety concerns and addiction in understanding problematic adolescent online experiences. Understanding perceived harms can aid the objective setting of interventions and consideration of mental health literacy in school curricula.

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