Relevant bibliographies by topics / Social Harms

Academic literature on the topic 'Social Harms'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Social Harms"

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VAN DER STERREN, ANKE E., IAN P. ANDERSON, and LISA G. THORPE. "‘Individual’ harms, Community ‘harms’: reconciling Indigenous values with drug harm minimisation policy." Drug and Alcohol Review 25, no. 3 (May 2006): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09595230600644681.

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Pols, A. J. K., and H. A. Romijn. "Evaluating irreversible social harms." Policy Sciences 50, no. 3 (January 28, 2017): 495–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11077-017-9277-1.

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Slanina, František. "Harms and benefits from social imitation." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 299, no. 1-2 (October 2001): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4371(01)00314-4.

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Mousavi Chelak, Hassan, Ezzatolla Samaram, and Seyed Ahmad Hoseini Hajibekandeh. "Suggested Social Policies to Control Social Harms in Iran." Social Welfare 18, no. 70 (February 1, 2019): 77–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/refahj.18.70.77.

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HARROSH, SHLOMIT. "IDENTIFYING HARMS." Bioethics 26, no. 9 (March 25, 2011): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8519.2011.01889.x.

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Rhodes, Tim. "Risk environments and drug harms: A social science for harm reduction approach." International Journal of Drug Policy 20, no. 3 (May 2009): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.10.003.

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Taylor, Isaac. "Robust Harms." Moral Philosophy and Politics 5, no. 1 (June 26, 2018): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mopp-2017-0018.

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AbstractPhilip Pettit has argued that more robust harms are worse than less robust ones, other things equal, and thinks that appealing to this presumption can help us rationalise the appeal of a number of widely-held moral principles. In this paper, I challenge this view. I argue against the presumption and suggest that, even if it were correct, it could not give much support to the moral principles that Pettit discusses. I also claim, however, that Pettit has the resources at his disposal to explain the attraction of the principles in another way, and lay out how such an explanation would proceed. As moral heuristics, at least, these principles can be grounded on the need to maintain social norms necessary to guarantee individuals’ security.
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Peršak, Nina. "Book review: Invisible crimes and social harms." International Review of Victimology 21, no. 3 (August 19, 2015): 361–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269758015591749.

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Banja, John. "When Harms Become Wrongs." Journal of Disability Policy Studies 12, no. 2 (September 2001): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104420730101200204.

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AMERIAN, Fatemeh. "A Qualitative Analysis Of The Social Harms Of Virtual Social Networks." SOCIAL MENTALITY AND RESEARCHER THINKERS JOURNAL 5, no. 20 (January 1, 2019): 943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31576/smryj.302.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Social Harms"

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Curzon, Rebecca Elizabeth Mary. "Expanding individualism : moral responsibility for social structural harms." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/9473.

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The central concern of this thesis is the examination of individual agents' moral responsibilities in large-scale social structures. I begin with a discussion of the emergence of social structural harm and the history of the collective responsibility debate. I suggest that previous attempts to make accurate responsibility ascriptions in cases of social structural harm have fallen short, leaving responsibility for the harm caused underdetermined. Arguing that collectivist approaches to large-scale harms are inadequate, because those participating in social structures cannot satisfy the criteria for responsibility-bearing groups required by these accounts, I turn to an attempt to provide an individualist account of responsibility in these cases presented by Young. I argue that there are many interesting ideas in her work that support an account of collective responsibility for social structures, but that her specific attempt to develop a new kind of non-moral responsibility ultimately fails. I therefore examine an alternative account of joint responsibility based on agent motivation and attitude presented by Bjornsson, who focusses on the reasons why agents become involved and complicit in collective harms. Through the further development of Bjornsson's discussion of the importance of agent motivation and participation in harmful practices, and Young's analysis of the relationship between individual agents and social structures, I suggest an alternative approach to analysing social structural harm: expanded individualism. To support this account, I analyse the ways in which agents come to be involved in these harms in a blameworthy manner, and the reasons why participation makes individuals responsible for addressing the harms caused by the social structures in which they participate.
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Donoghue, Kathleen J. "Perceived harms and benefits of parental cannabis use, and parents’ reports regarding harm-reduction strategies." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2015. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1592.

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This research focussed on families in which at least one parent was a long-term cannabis user; I explored family members’ perceptions of the benefits and harms of cannabis use and the strategies parents used to minimise cannabis-related harm to themselves and their children. In depth, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 43 individuals from 13 families, producing a series of family case studies that enabled examination of multiple perspectives within each family. In Study 1, I used an interpretive framework guided by Miles and Huberman’s (1994) thematic content analysis technique to analyse interview data, while study 2 yielded detailed descriptive vignettes that examined how the use of cannabis played out in particular families. Cannabis users have been portrayed as stereotypically lazy, unhealthy, deviant, and criminal. However, this was not the case with the current sample, whose lifestyles revolved around employment and family life. Parents claimed to use cannabis in a responsible way that minimised harm to self and family. Few reported personal experiences of harm and most did not believe that their children had been adversely affected by their use of cannabis. Nonetheless, children’s awareness of parental cannabis use, and access to the parent’s cannabis supply, occurred at a younger age than parents suspected. Parents reported harm reduction strategies that targeted five broad areas: (1) Dosage control; (2) Dependency; (3) Acute risk; (4) Long-term harm; and (5) Harm to children. The current study points to common-sense ways of reducing harm, such as being discreet about cannabis use; using less potent strains; prioritising family and work responsibilities; being careful about where cannabis was obtained; not mixing cannabis with tobacco; and limiting any financial outlay. The harm reduction strategies identified in this research might be helpful in the forensic evaluation, safety planning, and treatment of parental cannabis use. The validity of the current findings was enhanced by having independent data on the same topic from each family member’s point of view, including non-using partners and children, and by including both convergent and divergent data.
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Edgar, David Kimmett. "A pacifist critique of imprisonment." Thesis, Durham University, 1989. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6690/.

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Gardner, Jocelyn D. "Embodiment: Permanent Self-Affirmation as a Repudiation of Internal, Categorical Harms to Identity." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/928.

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Categorization is a process that simplifies thoughts into manageable pieces by grouping related entities. This reductive analysis can lead to internal harm in individuals’ overarching identities, or Ganzheiten, which is the focus of this thesis. Given that categorization is necessary to our conceptual management of the world, is there a way to counteract the internal harms it can cause? Because acts of self-affirmation can have healing effects, I argue that one manifestation of permanent self-affirmation—custom tattooing—can be an effective repudiation of the divisiveness and reduction categories cause. Custom tattooing’s permanence, individualization, and personal significance make it a great choice as a method of healing internal damage caused by external categorization. Though tattoos might not be the answer for every person experiencing internalized categorization, I have shown that it should be considered as a valid source for the self-affirmation needed to heal from or counteract such internalized harms.
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Russo, C. Allison. "The potential harms of breast cancer screening| estimating the unnecessary surgical diagnosis of benign breast lesions and its impact on quality and cost among insured women younger than 65 years old." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3611772.

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Background: The widespread use of mammography, and its lack of specificity in younger women with denser breasts, increases the potential for a large number of biopsies and surgeries performed in women without breast cancer. Once a suspicious breast lesion is identified with mammography, the use of minimally-invasive breast biopsy (MIBB) as the initial tissue acquisition method for diagnosis is widely supported and advocated as best practice. This research focused on the utilization of MIBB techniques and surgical breast procedures to diagnose image-detected suspicious breast lesions, particularly those lesions ultimately diagnosed as benign, in an effort to better understand the quality and cost implications unnecessary surgical care. Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated the practice patterns of a variety of physicians in multiple facilities and physician offices across the country for MIBB and open surgical procedures to diagnose image-detected suspicious breast lesions among a cohort of well-insured women younger than 65 years old and eligible for TRICARE (the U.S. military's health benefit). Additionally, mean total costs were calculated to estimate the cost advantages of one initial tissue acquisition procedure versus another and how these costs were impacted by final diagnosis. Results: In total, 80 percent of the episodes began with the less-invasive MIBB, and 20 percent began with an open surgical procedure. Approximately 77 percent of the episodes using MIBB as the initial diagnostic technique were ultimately diagnosed as benign, as compared to a benign diagnosis in 82 percent of episodes initially utilizing open surgical biopsy and in 20 percent of episodes where other definitive surgery was the initial procedure. In total, potentially unnecessary surgery accounted for 15 percent of all cases requiring follow-up biopsy after abnormal mammography. The strongest predictors for the initial use of an open surgical procedure to diagnose a suspicious breast lesion that was ultimately diagnosed as benign were a lesion indicating benign atypia after diagnosis, patient age younger than 40 years old, a military physician performing the initial procedure, and a physician in the Midwest performing the initial procedure. On average, the excess cost associated with the use of surgical biopsy over MIBB as the initial procedure was 3 percent (ranging from 3 to 30 percent), but increased to 70 percent (ranging from 70 to 235 percent) for episodes ultimately diagnosed as benign. Conclusions: The use of surgical procedures to diagnose suspicious breast lesions is declining as the appropriate use of less-invasive MIBB techniques is growing. However, the variation in the utilization of these diagnostic techniques, particularly among younger women and among certain groups of physicians, results in a large number of women undergoing inappropriate surgical diagnosis of suspicious lesions that are ultimately diagnosed as benign. Policies are needed that promote the dissemination of comparative information to physicians about practice patterns, the use and monitoring of physician-level measures of compliance with care standards, payment policies that incentivize physician-level decision-making for high-value care, and balanced information sharing between physicians and patients about the harms and benefits of mammography screening.

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Teixeira, Marcia Cunha. "Trabalho penoso: da aplicação dos princípios ambientais para a reparação social dos danos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2138/tde-25112016-103026/.

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O presente estudo enfoca o trabalho penoso e as consequências nocivas à saúde dos trabalhadores que exercem atividades penosas, com evidência na reparação social dos danos e com fundamento nos princípios ambientais. Analisam-se o trabalho na sociedade atual, o processo de organização do trabalho, a globalização da economia, a precarização das relações de trabalho e os impactos sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores. Os princípios ambientais são estudados, bem como todo o arcabouço constitucional e legal de proteção ao direito à saúde no trabalho. Efetua-se o debate acerca do papel da sociedade civil, das entidades sindicais, dos empregadores, bem como dos poderes públicos, na fiscalização do meio ambiente de trabalho e na prevenção de doenças e acidentes do trabalho. A responsabilidade do empregador é examinada à luz da doutrina e da jurisprudência predominante nos nossos Tribunais. Realiza-se o estudo de doutrina sobre medicina do trabalho, em especial de ergonomia, psicologia do trabalho, bem como de textos de filosofia e sociologia do trabalho, economia e administração de empresas, para a caracterização da penosidade. Por fim, são debatidas formas de reparação dos danos, descartando-se a via da monetização do risco. Propõe-se a revogação de legislação em vigor, para que nova normatização efetivamente imponha aos responsáveis pelos danos causados aos trabalhadores, os empregadores que exigem tarefas ou condições de trabalho no limite do risco proibido, o dever de arcar com as despesas da reparação, de ressarcimento dos benefícios que serão gastos pelos cofres públicos.
This study approaches the unsafe or overly strenuous labor practises and its nocuous effects on workers health, especially the compensation of the social harms based on the environmental principles. An analysis of the work in the current society is undertaken, along with that of the work organization process, of the economic globalization, of the deterioration of the working conditions and the impacts on the workers health. The environmental principles are addressed, as well as the entire occupational health protection legal framework, along with the debate regarding the roles of society, trade unions, employers, as well as the role of the government on investigating the work environment and preventing labor accidents and diseases. The employers responsibility is examined, according to the prevailing doctrine and cases. There are the doctrine studies regarding occupational medicine, especially ergonomics, occupational psychology; including the study of texts relating to labor philosophy and sociology, economy and business management, in order to distinguish the laboriousness. Lastly, there is the discussion about the compensation of the damages, excluding the commodification of the risk. The proposition repeals the current act, in order for the new statute to effectively hold the employers accountable for the damages caused to the employees, through the burden of bearing the costs of the reparation, as well as the reimbursement of the expenses incurred by the Treasury.
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Pemberton, Simon Adrian. "The production of harm in the United Kingdom : a social harm perspective." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/6bb22b46-aab6-42ef-8c6f-53280cc1530c.

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Pitchford, Rohan. "Three essays on contracts and social harm." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12705.

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Machniewski, Sarah M. "Social harm and older people in Northern Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.534697.

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Nordström, Maria, and Lång Martina Stenman. "Harm Reduction : - En ny dimension inom den restriktiva narkotikapolitiken?" Thesis, Mid Sweden University, Department of Social Work, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-177.

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Harm reduction som insats, har för avsikt att minska de negativa konsekvenserna som tenderar att följa missbruket. Konceptet härstammar från 1920-talets England där grunderna för behandlingsformen utvecklades efter att läkarkåren ansåg att underhåll av missbruk i flera fall kan vara nödvändigt. Metadonbehandling och sprututbytesprojekt är två exempel på Harm reduction relaterade insatser. Grunderna för metadonbehandlingen utvecklades i USA av Marie Nyswander och Vincent Dole och lanserades 1966 i Sverige av professor Lars Gunne, aktiv vid Ulleråkers sjukhus i Uppsala. Läkemedelsassisterad behandling är dokumenterat effektiv och visar goda resultat som t.ex. en ökad livskvalitet. Den svenska narkotikapolitiken har genom historiens gång haft inslag av både repressiv, liberal, och restriktiv karaktär, och även kombinationer av dessa. Idag bedriver Sverige en restriktiv narkotikapolitik där inslag av Harm reduciton relaterade insatser accepteras allt mer genom den nya lagstiftningen angående läkemedelsassisterad behandling(2005) och sprututbytesverksamhet(2006). Genom en kvalitativ enkätstudie baserad på sju enkätintervjuer via e-post och en personlig halvstrukturerad intervju är syftet i denna studie att undersöka om ny lagstiftning av Harm reduction karaktär kan ses som ett tecken på förändring inom den svenska narkotikapolitiken. Genom en teoretisk överblick innehållande relevanta teorier önskar studien även att öka förståelsen för missbrukssituationen hos läsaren. Resultatet har inte varit helt entydigt och generalisering av materialet är svårt eftersom studien varit av kvalitativ art. Dock kan en förändring i synen på och inställningen till exempelvis underhållsbehandlingar urskiljas. Det finns även en frustration bland respondenterna över att verksamheter ute i landet inte lever upp till sina åtaganden och att individer med beroende- och missbruksproblematik prioriteras bort. Trots att direktiven är tydliga kan i dagsläget ca hälften av alla landsting inte hålla vårdgarantin för den berörda patientgruppen, detta visar en granskning Socialstyrelsen genomfört. Behandlingen skall vara lättillgänglig, något som uppenbarligen inte efterlevs.

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Books on the topic "Social Harms"

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Davies, Pamela, Peter Francis, and Tanya Wyatt, eds. Invisible Crimes and Social Harms. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347824.

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Završnik, Aleš, and Katja Simončič, eds. Artificial Intelligence, Social Harms and Human Rights. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19149-7.

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Sparrow, Malcolm K. The character of harms: Operational challenges in control. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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Thomas, Susan Gregory. Buy, buy baby: How consumer culture manipulates parents and harms young minds. Boston: Mariner Books, 2009.

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Until it hurts: America's obsession with youth sports and how it harms our kids. Boston: Beacon Press, 2009.

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Specter, Michael. Denialism: How irrational thinking hinders scientific progress, harms the planet, and threatens our lives. New York: Penguin Press, 2009.

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Specter, Michael. Denialism: How irrational thinking hinders scientific progress, harms the planet, and threatens our lives. New York: Penguin Press, 2009.

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Specter, Michael. Denialism: How irrational thinking hinders scientific progress, harms the planet, and threatens our lives. New York: Penguin Press, 2009.

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Specter, Michael. Denialism: How irrational thinking hinders scientific progress, harms the planet, and threatens our lives. New York: Penguin Press, 2010.

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Denialism: How irrational thinking hinders scientific progress, harms the planet, and threatens our lives. New York: Penguin Press, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Social Harms"

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Waterson, Jan. "Preventing Alcohol-related Harms." In Women and Alcohol in Social Context, 166–83. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333992685_9.

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Davies, Pamela, Peter Francis, and Tanya Wyatt. "Taking Invisible Crimes and Social Harms Seriously." In Invisible Crimes and Social Harms, 1–25. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347824_1.

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Morrison, Wayne. "War and Normative Visibility: Interactions in the Nomos." In Invisible Crimes and Social Harms, 178–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347824_10.

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Tombs, Steve. "Health and Safety ‘Crimes’ in Britain: The Great Disappearing Act." In Invisible Crimes and Social Harms, 199–220. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347824_11.

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Levi, Michael. "Regulating Fraud Revisited." In Invisible Crimes and Social Harms, 221–43. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347824_12.

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Francis, Peter, Pamela Davies, and Tanya Wyatt. "Invisible Crime, Social Harm and the Radical Criminological Tradition." In Invisible Crimes and Social Harms, 244–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347824_13.

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Davies, Pamela. "Gender First: The Secret to Revealing Sexual Crimes and Victimisations." In Invisible Crimes and Social Harms, 26–43. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347824_2.

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Watson, Hayley, and Tanya Wyatt. "Politics, Power and the Media: The Visibility of Environmental and Eco Terrorism." In Invisible Crimes and Social Harms, 44–60. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347824_3.

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Brisman, Avi. "The Visual Acuity of Climate Change." In Invisible Crimes and Social Harms, 61–80. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347824_4.

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Hall, Alexandra. "‘Honour’ Crimes." In Invisible Crimes and Social Harms, 81–101. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347824_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Social Harms"

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Vidgen, Bertie, Scott Hale, Ella Guest, Helen Margetts, David Broniatowski, Zeerak Waseem, Austin Botelho, Matthew Hall, and Rebekah Tromble. "Detecting East Asian Prejudice on Social Media." In Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.alw-1.19.

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Liu, Xijuan, Pu Li, Mingjie Zhou, and Chengcheng Li. "Research on Harms and Governance of Internet Rumors." In 2nd International Conference on Economics and Management, Education, Humanities and Social Sciences (EMEHSS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emehss-18.2018.16.

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Niraula, Nobal B., Saurab Dulal, and Diwa Koirala. "Offensive Language Detection in Nepali Social Media." In Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH 2021). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.woah-1.7.

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Davidson, Sam, Qiusi Sun, and Magdalena Wojcieszak. "Developing a New Classifier for Automated Identification of Incivility in Social Media." In Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.alw-1.12.

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Shvets, Alexander, Paula Fortuna, Juan Soler, and Leo Wanner. "Targets and Aspects in Social Media Hate Speech." In Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH 2021). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.woah-1.19.

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Nozza, Debora, Federico Bianchi, and Giuseppe Attanasio. "HATE-ITA: Hate Speech Detection in Italian Social Media Text." In Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.woah-1.24.

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Garland, Joshua, Keyan Ghazi-Zahedi, Jean-Gabriel Young, Laurent Hébert-Dufresne, and Mirta Galesic. "Countering hate on social media: Large scale classification of hate and counter speech." In Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.alw-1.13.

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Bertaglia, Thales, Andreea Grigoriu, Michel Dumontier, and Gijs van Dijck. "Abusive Language on Social Media Through the Legal Looking Glass." In Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH 2021). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.woah-1.20.

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Hahn, Vanessa, Dana Ruiter, Thomas Kleinbauer, and Dietrich Klakow. "Modeling Profanity and Hate Speech in Social Media with Semantic Subspaces." In Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH 2021). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.woah-1.2.

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Zheng, Joan, Scott Friedman, Sonja Schmer-galunder, Ian Magnusson, Ruta Wheelock, Jeremy Gottlieb, Diana Gomez, and Christopher Miller. "Towards a Multi-Entity Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis for Characterizing Directed Social Regard in Online Messaging." In Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.woah-1.19.

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Reports on the topic "Social Harms"

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Hilbrecht, Margo, David Baxter, Alexander V. Graham, and Maha Sohail. Research Expertise and the Framework of Harms: Social Network Analysis, Phase One. GREO, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2020.006.

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In 2019, the Gambling Commission announced a National Strategy to Reduce Gambling Harms. Underlying the strategy is the Framework of Harms, outlined in Measuring gambling-related harms: A framework for action. "The Framework" adopts a public health approach to address gambling-related harm in Great Britain across multiple levels of measurement. It comprises three primary factors and nine related subfactors. To advance the National Strategy, all componentsneed to be supported by a strong evidence base. This report examines existing research expertise relevant to the Framework amongacademics based in the UK. The aim is to understand the extent to which the Framework factors and subfactors have been studied in order to identify gaps in expertise and provide evidence for decision making thatisrelevant to gambling harms research priorities. A social network analysis identified coauthor networks and alignment of research output with the Framework. The search strategy was limited to peer-reviewed items and covered the 12-year period from 2008 to 2019. Articles were selected using a Web of Science search. Of the 1417 records identified in the search, the dataset was refined to include only those articles that could be assigned to at least one Framework factor (n = 279). The primary factors and subfactors are: Resources:Work and Employment, Money and Debt, Crime;Relationships:Partners, Families and Friends, Community; and Health:Physical Health, Psychological Distress, and Mental Health. We used Gephi software to create visualisations reflecting degree centrality (number of coauthor networks) so that each factor and subfactor could be assessed for the density of research expertise and patterns of collaboration among coauthors. The findings show considerable variation by framework factor in the number of authors and collaborations, suggesting a need to develop additional research capacity to address under-researched areas. The Health factor subcategory of Mental Health comprised almost three-quarters of all citations, with the Resources factor subcategory of Money and Debt a distant second at 12% of all articles. The Relationships factor, comprised of two subfactors, accounted for less than 10%of total articles. Network density varied too. Although there were few collaborative networks in subfactors such as Community or Work and Employment, all Health subfactors showed strong levels of collaboration. Further, some subfactors with a limited number of researchers such as Partners, Families, and Friends and Money and debt had several active collaborations. Some researchers’ had publications that spanned multiple Framework factors. These multiple-factor researchers usually had a wide range of coauthors when compared to those who specialised (with the exception of Mental Health).Others’ collaborations spanned subfactors within a factor area. This was especially notable forHealth. The visualisations suggest that gambling harms research expertise in the UK has considerable room to grow in order to supporta more comprehensive, locally contextualised evidence base for the Framework. To do so, priority harms and funding opportunities will need further consideration. This will require multi-sector and multidisciplinary collaboration consistent with the public health approach underlying the Framework. Future research related to the present analysis will explore the geographic distribution of research activity within the UK, and research collaborations with harms experts internationally.
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Brock, Andrea, and Nathan Stephens-Griffin. Policing Environmental Injustice. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/1968-2021.130.

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Environmental justice (EJ) activists have long worked with abolitionists in their communities, critiquing the ways policing, prisons, and pollution are entangled and racially constituted (Braz and Gilmore 2006). Yet, much EJ scholarship reflects a liberal Western focus on a more equal distribution of harms, rather than challenging the underlying systems of exploitation these harms rest upon (Álvarez and Coolsaet 2020). This article argues that policing facilitates environmentally unjust developments that are inherently harmful to nature and society. Policing helps enforce a social order rooted in the ‘securing’ of property, hierarchy, and human-nature exploitation. Examining the colonial continuities of policing, we argue that EJ must challenge the assumed necessity of policing, overcome the mythology of the state as ‘arbiter of justice’, and work to create social conditions in which policing is unnecessary. This will help open space to question other related harmful hegemonic principles. Policing drives environmental injustice, so EJ must embrace abolition.
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Jefferson, Brian. Reviewing Information Technology, Surveillance, and Race in the US. Just Tech, Social Science Research Council, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/jt.3033.d.2022.

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The past decade has been marked by a growing awareness of the potential harms of personal computing. This recent development was spurred by a surge of news reports, films, and studies on the unforeseen side effects of constantly using networked devices. As a result, the public has become increasingly aware of the cognitive, ideological, and psychological effects associated with the constant use of personal computing devices. Alongside these revelations, a growing chorus of activists, journalists, organizers, and scholars have turned attention to surveillance technology-related matters of a different kind—those related to the carceral state and border patrol. These efforts have sparked a shift in the public consciousness, from individual experiences of technology users to how technology is used to maintain social divisions. These studies show how the explosion of network devices not only changes society but also maintains longstanding divisions between social groups. This field review highlights key concepts and discussions on information technology, surveillance, carceral governance, and border patrol. Specifically, it explores the evolution of information communication technology and racial surveillance from the late nineteenth century until the present. The review concludes by exploring avenues for bringing these conversations into a transnational dialogue on surveillance, technology, and social inequality moving forward.
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Benton, Tim, Antony Froggatt, Laura Wellesley, Owen Grafham, Richard King, Neil Morisetti, James Nixey, and Patrick Schröder. The Ukraine war and threats to food and energy security: Cascading risks from rising prices and supply disruptions. Royal Institute of International Affairs, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784135225.

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Global resource markets are still reeling from the impacts of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine; the two countries are major suppliers of energy, food and fertilizers. Supply disruption and the sudden imposition, in response to the crisis, of unprecedented economic sanctions, trade restrictions and policy interventions have caused prices of commodities to skyrocket. Before the conflict, demand for global resources already exceeded supply and drove up prices as economies rebounded after the COVID-19 pandemic. This gave rise to a global cost-of-living crisis, characterized by increasing levels of energy and food poverty. This situation is likely to become much worse as a consequence of the war in Ukraine, and poses a threat to human security, particularly among low-income and vulnerable populations. Governments must invest now to build resilient societies and economies to meet these long-term challenges. Mitigating the most immediate harms to populations is a top priority for policymakers, but failure to keep long-term objectives in mind – climate change mitigation, in particular – can lead to bad decisions that further embed existing fragilities in economic and social systems.
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Pearson, Amelia, Rebecca McPhillips, Paul Clarkson, Rosie Allen, and Catherine Robinson. Moral injury in social work staff: A Scoping Review Protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0050.

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Review question / Objective: The primary objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and type of evidence in relation to moral injury in social work staff. The secondary objective is to establish how moral injury has been defined in the literature in the context of social work. The review question is: what is currently known about moral injury in social work staff? Background: Moral injury is the lasting psychological, spiritual and social harm caused by committing, experiencing or observing transgressions of deeply held moral values, beliefs and expectations (Haight et al., 2016). The concept of moral injury was developed and subsequently researched with populations of US veterans. Core symptomatic features of moral injury are guilt, shame, spiritual/existential conflict, and a loss of trust in self, others, and/or transcendental ultimate beings (Jinkerson, 2016). Secondary symptomatic features include depression, anxiety, anger, re-experiencing the moral conflict, self-harm, and social problems (Jinkerson, 2016).
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Sabates-Wheeler, Rachel, and Carolina Szyp. Key Considerations for Targeting Social Assistance in Situations of Protracted Crises. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/basic.2022.012.

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Targeting social assistance in situations of protracted conflict, protracted displacement, or recurrent climate shock, so that it reaches those most in need rapidly, effectively and without doing further harm, has historically been one of the most complex technical and political challenges for development and humanitarian programmes. Trade-offs involving costs beyond the economic – such as risks of exclusion and concerns over protection – raise questions about who to target, how to target and whether to target at all (i.e. through universal coverage or lotteries) would lead to better impacts in contexts where systems of state provision are often damaged or non-existent. The multiplicity of actors involved in delivering social assistance in crisis situations, with their own targeting cultures and mandates, can result in uncoordinated patchy and limited assistance, often overlooking equity concerns. Drawing on a range of literature, in this paper we examine the key considerations and dilemmas for targeting social assistance in protracted crises, including shock contexts, targeting methods, exclusion and protection risks, national and international actors’ politics, and technologies. Our purpose is to draw out lessons to better inform targeting of future social assistance programming across the humanitarian-development nexus.
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Dunne, Máiréad, Sara Humphreys, and Carolina Szyp. Education and Work: Children’s Lives in Rural Sub‑Saharan Africa. Action on Children’s Harmful Work in African Agriculture, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/acha.2021.004.

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This paper proposes a dynamic conceptual framework – the edu-workscape – for understanding how rural children in sub-Saharan Africa navigate three key gendered social arenas: the household, school and workplaces. Focusing on school, in particular, the paper highlights the violence, harm and labour that occur there, and argues that learning, work and harm co-exist across all three institutional domains, and in context, and should therefore be considered holistically.
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Thorsen, Dorte, and Roy Maconachie. Children’s Work in West African Cocoa Production: Drivers, Contestations and Critical Reflections. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/acha.2021.005.

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Cocoa farming in West Africa has a long history of relying on family labour, including children’s labour. Increasingly, global concern is voiced about the hazardous nature of children’s work, without considering how it contributes to their social development. Using recent research, this paper maps out the tasks undertaken by boys and girls of different ages in Ghana and how their involvement in work considered hazardous has changed. We show that actions to decrease potential harm are increasingly difficult and identify new areas of inquiry.
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Crooks, Roderic. Toward People’s Community Control of Technology: Race, Access, and Education. Social Science Research Council, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/jt.3015.d.2022.

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This field review explores how the benefits of access to computing for racialized and minoritized communities has become an accepted fact in policy and research, despite decades of evidence that technical fixes do not solve the kinds of complex social problems that disproportionately affect these communities. I use the digital divide framework—a 1990s policy diagnosis that argues that the growth and success of the internet would bifurcate the public into digital “haves” and “have-nots”—as a lens to look at why access to computing frequently appears as a means to achieve economic, political, and social equality for racialized and minoritized communities. First, I present a brief cultural history of computer-assisted instruction to show that widely-held assumptions about the educational utility of computing emerged from utopian narratives about scientific progress and innovation—narratives that also traded on raced and gendered assumptions about users of computers. Next, I use the advent of the digital divide framework and its eventual transformation into digital inequality research to show how those raced and gendered norms about computing and computer users continue to inform research on information and communication technologies (ICTs) used in educational contexts. This is important because the norms implicated in digital divide research are also present in other sites where technology and civic life intersect, including democratic participation, public health, and immigration, among others. I conclude by arguing that naïve or cynical deployments of computing technology can actually harm or exploit the very same racialized and minoritized communities that access is supposed to benefit. In short, access to computing in education—or in any other domain—can only meaningfully contribute to equality when minoritized and racialized communities are allowed to pursue their own collective goals.
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Tipton, Kelley, Brian F. Leas, Nikhil K. Mull, Shazia M. Siddique, S. Ryan Greysen, Meghan B. Lane-Fall, and Amy Y. Tsou. Interventions To Decrease Hospital Length of Stay. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepctb40.

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Background. Timely discharge of hospitalized patients can prevent patient harm, improve patient satisfaction and quality of life, and reduce costs. Numerous strategies have been tested to improve the efficiency and safety of patient recovery and discharge, but hospitals continue to face challenges. Purpose. This Technical Brief aimed to identify and synthesize current knowledge and emerging concepts regarding systematic strategies that hospitals and health systems can implement to reduce length of stay (LOS), with emphasis on medically complex or vulnerable patients at high risk for prolonged LOS due to clinical, social, or economic barriers to timely discharge. Methods. We conducted a structured search for published and unpublished studies and conducted interviews with Key Informants representing vulnerable patients, hospitals, health systems, and clinicians. The interviews provided guidance on our research protocol, search strategy, and analysis. Due to the large and diverse evidence base, we limited our evaluation to systematic reviews of interventions to decrease hospital LOS for patients at potentially higher risk for delayed discharge; primary research studies were not included, and searches were restricted to reviews published since 2010. We cataloged the characteristics of relevant interventions and assessed evidence of their effectiveness. Findings. Our searches yielded 4,364 potential studies. After screening, we included 19 systematic reviews reported in 20 articles. The reviews described eight strategies for reducing LOS: discharge planning; geriatric assessment or consultation; medication management; clinical pathways; inter- or multidisciplinary care; case management; hospitalist services; and telehealth. All reviews included adult patients, and two reviews also included children. Interventions were frequently designed for older (often frail) patients or patients with chronic illness. One review included pregnant women at high risk for premature delivery. No reviews focused on factors linking patient vulnerability with social determinants of health. The reviews reported few details about hospital setting, context, or resources associated with the interventions studied. Evidence for effectiveness of interventions was generally not robust and often inconsistent—for example, we identified six reviews of discharge planning; three found no effect on LOS, two found LOS decreased, and one reported an increase. Many reviews also reported patient readmission rates and mortality but with similarly inconsistent results. Conclusions. A broad range of strategies have been employed to reduce LOS, but rigorous systematic reviews have not consistently demonstrated effectiveness within medically complex, high-risk, and vulnerable populations. Health system leaders, researchers, and policymakers must collaborate to address these needs.
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