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Journal articles on the topic 'Social Exclusion and Health'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Morgan, Craig, Tom Burns, Ray Fitzpatrick, Vanessa Pinfold, and Stefan Priebe. "Social exclusion and mental health." British Journal of Psychiatry 191, no. 6 (December 2007): 477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.106.034942.

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BackgroundThe concept of social exclusion is now widely used in discussions about the nature of disadvantage, and there are ongoing initiatives to promote social inclusion among those with mental health problems.AimsTo conduct a conceptual and methodological review of social exclusion, focusing initially on the origins and definitions of the concept and then on approaches to its measurement, both in general and in relation to mental health.MethodWe used two main strategies. First, we utilised expertise within the study team to identify major texts and reviews on social exclusion and related topics. Second, we searched major bibliographic databases for literature on social exclusion and mental health. We adopted a non-quantitative approach to synthesising the findings.ResultsThere is no single accepted definition of social exclusion. However, most emphasise lack of participation in social activities as the core characteristic. There are a number of approaches to measuring social exclusion, including use of indicator lists and dimensions. In the mental health literature, social exclusion is poorly defined and measured.ConclusionsIf social exclusion is a useful concept for understanding the social experiences of those with mental health problems, there is an urgent need for more conceptual and methodological work.

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2

Mackett, Roger L., and Roselle Thoreau. "Transport, social exclusion and health." Journal of Transport & Health 2, no. 4 (December 2015): 610–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2015.07.006.

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3

Pal, G. C. "Social Exclusion and Mental Health." Psychology and Developing Societies 27, no. 2 (September 2015): 189–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971333615593446.

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4

Thapa, Komilla, and Rashmi Kumar. "Social Exclusion and Mental Health." Psychology and Developing Societies 27, no. 2 (September 2015): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971333615600008.

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5

Miers, Margaret. "Stigma and social exclusion in health care Stigma and social exclusion in health care." Nursing Standard 16, no. 2 (September 26, 2001): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2001.09.16.2.28.b233.

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6

Secker, Jenny. "Mental health, social exclusion and social inclusion." Mental Health Review Journal 14, no. 4 (December 10, 2009): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13619322200900022.

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7

Repper, Julie. "Social exclusion and mental health problems." Mental Health Practice 1, no. 8 (May 1998): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/mhp.1.8.4.s10.

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8

Watson, J., J. Crawley, and D. Kane. "Social exclusion, health and hidden homelessness." Public Health 139 (October 2016): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2016.05.017.

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9

Pierson, John, and Liz Ross. "Tackling Social Exclusion." Child & Family Social Work 7, no. 4 (November 2002): 326–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2206.2002.t01-3-00258.x.

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10

Johner, Randy L. "Exploring Social Exclusion utilizing a Conceptual Model of Education-to-Health: Exploring Social Exclusion." International Journal of Diversity in Organizations, Communities, and Nations: Annual Review 6, no. 3 (2006): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9532/cgp/v06i03/39181.

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11

Barnes, Helen. "Social Exclusion and Psychosis." Social Work in Mental Health 2, no. 2-3 (November 8, 2004): 207–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j200v02n02_13.

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12

Santana, Paula. "Poverty, social exclusion and health in Portugal." Social Science & Medicine 55, no. 1 (July 2002): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00218-0.

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Krishnan, Lilavati. "Social Exclusion, Mental Health, Disadvantage and Injustice." Psychology and Developing Societies 27, no. 2 (September 2015): 155–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971333615594053.

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Schneider, Justine, and Carole J. Bramley. "Towards social inclusion in mental health?" Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 14, no. 2 (March 2008): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.106.003350.

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This article explores the uses of the terms social exclusion and social inclusion in a mental health context. We briefly describe the origins of the term social exclusion and analyse its connotations in relation to four key dimensions: the relative, multifactorial, dynamic and transactional. We discuss Levitas's three discourses concerning social exclusion (the redistributionist, moral underclass and social integrationist) and present a case in favour of a fourth perspective, societal oppression. Focusing on social inclusion as a remedy for the ills of social exclusion, we discuss implications for contemporary mental health policy, practice and research. We highlight the potential contribution of social psychology to social inclusion theory. We conclude that a better theoretical understanding of causal mechanisms is needed to enable the development of more socially inclusive mental health services.

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Ghenţa, Mihaela, and Elen-Silvana Bobârnat. "Determinanți ai excluziunii sociale în rândul persoanelor vârstnice." Sociologie Romaneasca 19, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33788/sr.19.1.4.

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The paper presents the results of a qualitative research conducted among providers of social and socio-medical services for older persons. The research objectives were to collect opinions with regard to the societal transformations that constitute risk factors for the social inclusion of the elderly; to identify the dimensions of social inclusion of the elderly in Romania most impacted by the societal transformations, as well as measures and actions that could counter acting the negative effects of social exclusion of the elderly. Data collection included semi-structured interviews with experts from social and health care services providers. Technological transformations, the ageing phenomenon, the migration, the negative perceptions regarding the elderly population; the uneven development of urban areas compared to rural areas, are most likely to influence the social exclusion of older persons. Participation in cultural, sports, and voluntary activities, access to appropriate social and health care services and housing conditions may lead to a better social inclusion.

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16

Mittler, Peter, Sonia Jackson, and Judy Sebba. "Social Exclusion and Education." Journal of Integrated Care 10, no. 3 (June 2002): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14769018200200023.

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17

Heinz, A., U. Kluge, M. Schouler-Ocak, and M. Rapp. "Biological Effects of Social Exclusion." European Psychiatry 30 (March 2015): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30090-0.

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18

Leonori, Luigi, Manuel Muñoz, Carmelo Vázquez, José J. Vázquez, Mary Fe Bravo, María Nuche, Preben Brandt, Antonio Bento, and Bernard Horenbek. "The Mental Health and Social Exclusion European Network." European Psychologist 5, no. 3 (September 2000): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//1016-9040.5.3.245.

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This report concerns the activities developed by the Mental Health and Social Exclusion (MHSE) Network, an initiative supported by the Mental Health Europe (World Federation of Mental Health). We report some data from the preliminary survey done in five capital cities of the European Union (Madrid, Copenhagen, Brussels, Lisbon, and Rome). The main aim of this survey was to investigate, from a mostly qualitative point of view, the causal and supportive factors implicated in the situation of the homeless mentally ill in Europe. The results point out the familial and childhood roots of homelessness, the perceived causes of the situation, the relationships with the support services, and the expectations of future of the homeless mentally ill. The analysis of results has helped to identify the different variables implicated in the social rupture process that influences homelessness in major European cities. The results were used as the basis for the design of a more ambitious current research project about the impact of the medical and psychosocial interventions in the homeless. This project is being developed in 10 capital cities of the European Union with a focus on the program and outcome evaluation of the health and psychosocial services for the disadvantaged.

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19

Howell, Jennifer L., and James A. Shepperd. "Social exclusion, self-affirmation, and health information avoidance." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 68 (January 2017): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2016.05.005.

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20

Van Cleemput, P. "Social exclusion of Gypsies and Travellers: health impact." Journal of Research in Nursing 15, no. 4 (March 2010): 315–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744987110363235.

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21

Gurung, Gagan. "Child Health Status of Nepal: Social Exclusion Perspective." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 29, no. 2 (July 16, 2009): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v29i2.2044.

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Introduction: Nepal has achieved a spectacular success in child health over the last decades but the achievement is not uniform across different social groups. Therefore, there is urgent need to identify the groups who are excluded from access of child health services which would give us population at risk to prioritize and utilize the scarce resources available in health sector more effectively and efficiently. Methods: The study was descriptive type and was based on review of secondary data of different studies done in past. The study used World Bank framework of dimension of exclusion to analyze social exclusion in child health in Nepal. The health differentials in child health across different social groups were analyzed using simple descriptive analysis like percentage and ratios. The trends of the child health disparities over the ten years were done comparing the data of NFHS1996 and NDHS 2006. Results: The study showed there were disparities in child health status by ethnicity, location, wealth status. In most of the cases, the trends of disparities are increasing for mortality indicators and malnutrition status. Interestingly, the gaps in accessibility indicators of child health services are becoming narrowed down. Conclusion: This study showed the discrepancies in child health status in different social groups. The inequality in childhood mortality and malnutrition are increasing over the period for different groups where as it is decreasing for accessibility indicators of childhood health services. Key words: Child health status, inequality, social exclusion, social groups. doi: 10.3126/jnps.v29i2.2044 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol 29, No. 2, pp.79-84

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22

Minkoff-Zern, Laura-Anne, and Megan A. Carney. "Latino Im/migrants, “Dietary Health” and Social Exclusion." Food, Culture & Society 18, no. 3 (July 3, 2015): 463–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15528014.2015.1043108.

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23

MacLeod, Kara E., Liton Kamruzzaman, and Charles Musselwhite. "Transport and health equity, social inclusion and exclusion." Journal of Transport & Health 27 (December 2022): 101543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2022.101543.

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24

Corburn, Jason. "Inclusive and healthy cities: Commentary on transport, social exclusion and health." Journal of Transport & Health 2, no. 4 (December 2015): 618–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2015.10.002.

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25

Labonte, R. "Social inclusion/exclusion: dancing the dialectic." Health Promotion International 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2004): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dah112.

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26

Foster, Janet. "Social Exclusion, Crime and Drugs." Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy 7, no. 4 (January 2000): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/dep.7.4.317.330.

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Foster, Janet. "Social Exclusion, Crime and Drugs." Drugs: education, prevention and policy 7, no. 4 (November 2000): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713660124.

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28

Yong-Gab Lee. "Social Exclusion and Social Inclusion in the Public Health Security System." Korea Social Policy Review 17, no. 2 (August 2010): 235–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17000/kspr.17.2.201008.235.

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29

Rijken, M. "Social work and social exclusion: the idea of practice." Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 61, no. 10 (October 1, 2007): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.2007.059568.

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30

Nikola Brandová and Alena Kajanová. "Social Exclusion of Pervitin Users." Acta Medicinae et Sociologica 11, no. 30 (May 8, 2020): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.19055/ams.2020.11/30/6.

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The article is based on a qualitative study using narrative interviews with 13 South Bohemian Pervitin users who visit the drug advisory centre. The goal of the article is to describe how social exclusion is subjectively experienced by Pervitin users. The data were processed with the help of grounded theory. The respondents feel to be excluded in a number of normal life areas: they are rejected by their family, friends, and also by public institutions - particularly by the police and by health care facilities. Social exclusion is accompanied by feelings of guilt and remorse for the users. They are also ashamed of their situation, feeling sorrow and disappointed themselves. In some cases, the users are angry with themselves, in other cases with their surroundings for rejecting them. In both variants, exclusion may constitute an important factor in reducing the users' chances of abstinence.

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31

O’Brien, Mike. "Book Review: Health and Exclusion." International Social Work 44, no. 2 (April 2001): 276–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002087280104400217.

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32

Reading, Richard. "Monitoring poverty and social exclusion 2003." Child: Care, Health and Development 30, no. 2 (March 2004): 187–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2004.406_5.x.

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33

Courtet, P. "From Social Exclusion to Psychological Pain." European Psychiatry 30 (March 2015): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30139-5.

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34

Johner, Randy L., George Maslany, and Bonnie Jeffery. "A Pilot Study: Health, Social Exclusion & Single Mothers." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences: Annual Review 2, no. 4 (2007): 455–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1833-1882/cgp/v02i04/52381.

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35

Tornero Patricio, Sebastián. "Primary care paediatrics facing health inequalities and social exclusion." Anales de Pediatría (English Edition) 94, no. 4 (April 2021): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anpede.2020.12.010.

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36

Higham, Patricia. "Homelessness, social exclusion and health. Global perspectives, local solutions." European Journal of Social Work 24, no. 4 (June 13, 2021): 743–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691457.2021.1937862.

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37

Jungari, Suresh, and Priyanka Bomble. "Caste-Based Social Exclusion and Health Deprivation in India." Journal of Exclusion Studies 3, no. 2 (2013): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/j.2231-4555.3.2.011.

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38

Budhthoki, Chitra Bahadur. "Socioeconomic Inequality and Social Exclusion in Health: A Review." Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 6 (August 25, 2013): 25–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v6i0.8477.

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This paper examines the impact of social inequality and social exclusion on health. Social exclusion in health can be explained by socioeconomic inequality in health as socioeconomic position mediates access to resources including health services. Moreover, the impact of socioeconomic position on health is mediated by people's differential exposures to a very broad range of physical, chemical, biological, social, psychological and behavioral risk factors to health. People belong to upper strata of society in developed and developing countries have been experiencing higher level of life expectancy and better health status than those who are at the bottom of the society. There is evidence that societies that are more economically equal and socially cohesive have lower overall mortality than those that are more unequal. Interventions focusing on improving socioeconomic condition and increasing social inclusion and equity in social, economic and political dimensions can contribute to reduce inequities and social exclusion in health. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v6i0.8477 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 6, 2012 25-48

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39

Benbow, Sarah, Cheryl Forchuk, Carolyne Gorlick, Helene Berman, and Catherine Ward-Griffin. "Social Exclusion and Health: The Development of Nursing Knowledge." Canadian Journal of Nursing Research 47, no. 3 (September 2015): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084456211504700305.

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40

Brown, P. "Review: Social exclusion of Gypsies and Travellers: health impact." Journal of Research in Nursing 15, no. 4 (March 2010): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744987110363236.

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41

Hilgert, Jeffrey. "Analyzing Exclusion in Global Worker Health Policy." Articles 71, no. 4 (January 3, 2017): 690–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1038528ar.

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This article examines the development of the ILO’s Global Strategy on Occupational Safety and Health through the lens of social exclusion. Social exclusion is a transversal concept across the social sciences. The article integrates the study of exclusion as an essential element of institutional analysis in industrial relations. After discussing the treatment of the study of exclusion in labour and employment relations scholarship, it presents an analytic frame using four mechanisms of exclusion taken from sociology: 1- encoding; 2- framing pathways; 3- non-decision making; and 4- mining actualities. Observations are presented from a qualitative study of 125 preparatory and legal texts created through the development of the Global Strategy between 2000 and 2015. The method of analysis is a socio-historic interpretation following the principles of analysis of primary source documents outlined by Marc Trachtenberg in his book The Craft of International History: A Guide to Method. Exclusionary dynamics are observed in three areas: 1- managing the meaning of OSH policy integration; 2- shaping the role of collective labour rights in OSH policy; and 3- sidestepping the development of specific OSH hazard protections. Comparisons are made at key points with recent normative work by UN human rights bodies, including the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and their General Comment No. 23 on the human right to just and favourable conditions of work. The result is a Global OSH Strategy with promotional strengths, but also neoliberal values interwoven in its policy framework.

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Neves, Isabella Sousa, and Maria da Conceição Costa Rivemales. "Leprosy x social exclusion: updating study." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 4, no. 1 (December 29, 2009): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.686-5717-1-le.0401201048.

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ABSTRACT Objective: to perform a literature review on the relationship between leprosy and social exclusion, contextualizing aspects relating to how the society and health professionals are positioned to face this problem. Methods: this is a literature review, performed from journals, books, dissertations, and databases of health, from 1984 to 2006. The phases of the research were, respectively, the identification and location of theoretical framework to address the issue under study, the archiving of material found on obtaining information relevant to the study, and finally, drafting of the work. Results: leprosy should be considered not only its magnitude but also the important political, cultural and technique that promotes social discrimination, economic damage and human suffering. The psychological scars inherited from other historical moments and changement the name "leprosy" to "leprosy" not finished the prejudice experienced by leprosy patients. Often these people are affected by prejudice in his family and also by health professionals. Conclusion: the lack of update on leprosy by health professionals, disadvantage the diagnosis and treatment of disease, affecting also the educational activities with patients and community. The social inclusion of people with leprosy should be based on joint actions of the state as provider of public policy, and society as regards the exercise of citizenship. Descriptors: leprosy; health inequalities; prejudice. RESUMOObjetivo: realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a relação entre hanseníase e a exclusão social, contextualizando aspectos referentes à forma como a sociedade e profissionais de saúde se posicionam frente a essa problemática. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, realizada a partir de periódicos, livros, dissertações e bancos de dados da saúde, no período de 1984 a 2006. As fases da pesquisa ocorreram, respectivamente, a partir da identificação e localização de referencial teórico que abordasse o tema em estudo, do fichamento e arquivamento do material encontrado, da obtenção das informações pertinentes ao estudo, e por fim, da redação do artigo. Resultados: a hanseníase deve ser considerada não apenas por sua grandeza, mas também pela importância política, cultural e técnica que favorece a discriminação social, prejuízo econômico e sofrimento humano. As cicatrizes psicológicas herdadas de outros momentos históricos e a mudança eufêmica do nome “lepra” para “hanseníase” não conseguiu acabar com o preconceito vivenciado pelos hansenianos. Essas pessoas são vitimadas pelo preconceito em seu núcleo familiar e também por parte dos profissionais de saúde. Conclusão: a falta de atualização sobre a hanseníase, por parte dos profissionais de saúde, desfavorece o diagnóstico e tratamento da doença, comprometendo também as atividades educativas com os pacientes e a comunidade. Por outro lado, a inclusão social dos portadores de hanseníase deve apoiar-se em ações conjuntas do Estado, enquanto provedor de políticas públicas, e da sociedade no que diz respeito ao exercício da cidadania. Descritores: hanseníase; desigualdades em saúde; preconceito. RESUMEN Objetivo: hacer una revisión de la literatura sobre la relación entre la lepra y la exclusión social y la contextualización de los aspectos relativos a la forma en que la sociedad y los profesionales de la salud están en condiciones de hacer frente a este problema. Métodos: se trata de una búsqueda bibliográfica, a partir de revistas, libros, tesis y bases de datos de la salud, desde 1984 hasta 2006. Las fases de la investigación fueron, respectivamente, la identificación y localización de marco teórico para abordar la cuestión en estudio, el archivo de los materiales que se encuentran en la obtención de información relevante para el estudio y, por último, la redacción de la obra. Resultados: la lepra se debe considerar no sólo su magnitud, sino también el importante político, cultural y técnica que promueve la discriminación social, económica daño y el sufrimiento humano. El psicológicas heredadas de otros momentos históricos y changement el nombre de "lepra" a la "lepra" no ha terminado el perjuicio sufrido por los enfermos de lepra. A menudo, estas personas se ven afectadas por los prejuicios de su familia y también por los profesionales de la salud. Conclusión: la falta de actualización de los profesionales de la salud por la lepra, la desventaja de diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad, que afecta también las actividades educativas con los pacientes y la comunidad. La inclusión social de las personas con lepra debe basarse en acciones conjuntas del Estado como proveedor de las políticas públicas y la sociedad en lo que respecta al ejercicio de la ciudadanía. Descriptores: la lepra; desigualdades en la salud; los prejuicios.

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43

Freeman, Ruth. "Promoting Inclusion Oral Health: Social Interventions to Reduce Oral Health Inequities." Dentistry Journal 8, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj8010005.

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To advance our understanding of inclusion oral health and to address the impact of social exclusion upon oral health, this group of papers sets out to provide an argument for the need for social and community-based interventions, theoretically underpinned by pluralistic definitions of evidence-based practice and the radical discourse of health promotion for those experiencing exclusion. Using the definition and framework of inclusion oral health, these papers illustrate the requirement for mixed-methods research, the incorporation of experts by experience in the research process, and the need for co-design and co-produced interventions. The papers in this Special Issue present various sources of evidence used to transform top-down into bottom-up community-based interventions for people experiencing homelessness, people in custody, and families residing in areas of high social deprivation. The first two papers provide the evidence for extreme oral health in those experiencing exclusion, and the final four papers report on the implementation and evaluation of social or community-based interventions. This collection of research papers will be of interest to all those wishing to reduce health inequities. This will be achieved by focusing on prevention, adopting a common risk factor agenda, and incorporating co-design and co-production elements into interventions, to tackle the oral health inequities felt by those most excluded in our societies.

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44

Reidpath, Daniel D., Kit Y. Chan, Sandra M. Gifford, and Pascale Allotey. "'He hath the French pox': stigma, social value and social exclusion." Sociology of Health and Illness 27, no. 4 (May 2005): 468–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9566.2005.00452.x.

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45

Al-Rashid, Muhammad Ahmad, Hong Ching Goh, Yong Adilah Shamsul Harumain, Zulfiqar Ali, Tiziana Campisi, and Tahir Mahmood. "Psychosocial Barriers of Public Transport Use and Social Exclusion among Older Adults: Empirical Evidence from Lahore, Pakistan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010185.

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Transport planning and public health have been intertwined historically. The health impact of public transport services, such as social exclusion, is a widely discussed research topic. Social exclusion is a paramount concern for older adults’ health in the wake of emerging global challenges. However, there remains a significant research gap on how psychosocial barriers faced by older adults in using public transport services influence the social exclusion behavior. The present research provides empirical evidence and shows the impact of certain psychosocial barriers of public transportation on older adults’ social exclusion. A total of 243 Pakistani older adults (aged 60–89 years old) voluntarily participated in this cross-sectional study. The participants provided self-reports on their psychosocial barriers (including perceived norms, attitude, personal ability, habits, neighborhood social constraints, and intention) and the corresponding social exclusion. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized for the data analysis. The structural path model supported the significant associations between psychosocial barriers and social exclusion. Except for perceived descriptive norms, all other psychosocial barriers predicted older adults’ social exclusion. The research portrays the significance of the psychosocial factors to examine social exclusion and offers practical implications for urban and transport planners. The concerned policymakers can use the research findings to develop age-sensitive, socially sustainable, and healthy cities.

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Vernooij-Dassen, Myrra, Eline Verspoor, Claudia Hubers, Marta Lenart, Henrik Wiegelman, and Marieke Perry. "301 - Symposium social health: a pathway to inclusion and cognitive health." International Psychogeriatrics 33, S1 (October 2021): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610221001526.

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Background:Inclusion is taken as a natural situation, until feelings of exclusion are perceived. Social relations are for human beings like water to plants. Social health has been defined in 1946 by the WHO as the social domain of health. It is an umbrella concept that covers how the individual relates to his or her social environment and vice versa. Social inclusion is a key marker or characteristic of social health, represented by specific markers such as participation in leisure activities.Objective:We aim to study theoretical mechanisms and social health markers relevant to inclusion and cognitive functioning.Methods:identification of mechanistic pathways and systematic review on the relationship between combinations of social health markers and cognitive functioning and dementia in healthy older adults.Results:We combined neurobiological and social pathways to guide our study. The search for social health markers yielded 4332 potentially relevant citations. Eleven articles were eligible for inclusion. Combining social health marker reflecting social exclusion (e.g. social isolation, financial deprivation, living alone and lacking basic social rights) revealed a significant risk factor for both the development of dementia and reduced cognitive functioning. A combination of a high educational level, high occupational complexity and participating in leisure activities was protective for good cognitive functioning and dementia.Conclusion:Several social health markers are a pathway to social inclusion and to cognitive functioning, with markers reflecting exclusion being a risk factor, while those reflection inclusion are associated with protective effects. These findings open doors for interventions using the potential of social health in prevention of cognitive decline and dementia.

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GLENISTER, D., and S. TILLEY. "Guest editorial Discourse, social exclusion and empowerment." Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 3, no. 1 (February 1996): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.1996.tb00185.x.

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Bryngelson, Anna. "Long-term sickness absence and social exclusion." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 37, no. 8 (September 2, 2009): 839–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494809346871.

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Background: In previous research, ill-health and marginalization from the labour market have been pointed out as potential triggers for being marginalized from other spheres of society as well, e.g. economic, political and social, i.e. social exclusion. However, very few studies have examined the consequences of long-term sickness absence. Aim: The research question raised here is therefore to examine the relationship between long-term sickness absence (≥60 days) and social exclusion among individuals. Methods: The logistic regression analyses are based on longitudinal data (n = 3,144) from the Swedish Level of Living Survey linked to register data. Results: The results suggest that both women and men have higher odds of having no excess cash (‘‘cash margins’’) after their long-term sickness absence, compared with people with no such sickness absence. Women seem more likely to have no cash margins combined with being single/unmarried and having no close friends after long-term sickness absence, than do women without such sick-listing. The results indicate a slight mediating effect of employment status on the odds ratios for these economic and social conditions. Conclusions: The present study suggests that long-term sickness absence increases the risk of adverse economic and social conditions among individuals. That these conditions can be seen as indicators of social exclusion is more doubtful.

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Nespor, Jan, David Hicks, and Anna‐Maria Fall. "Time and exclusion." Disability & Society 24, no. 3 (April 14, 2009): 373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687590902789552.

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Belzunegui-Eraso, Angel, Inma Pastor-Gosálbez, Xavier Puig-Andreu, and Francesc Valls-Fonayet. "Risk of Exclusion in People with Disabilities in Spain: Determinants of Health and Poverty." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 10 (September 27, 2018): 2129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102129.

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In this paper, we analyze data from the 2012 Encuesta de Integración Social y Salud (Social Integration and Health Survey) of the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spanish National Institute of Statistics) to obtain profiles created by combining disability, poverty and social exclusion. We hypothesize that the probability that people will experience social exclusion increases if they have a disability, chronic illness or limitation in conducting everyday activities, and that this probability is greater for women than for men. To conduct our analysis, we constructed a social exclusion model based on a series of social determinants that acts as a dependent variable. In this context, social exclusion is understood to go beyond the concept of financial poverty. We performed bivariate analyses, in which we calculated the Odds Ratios (OR) for certain variables considered to be predictors of social exclusion. We also performed a means comparison test and an ANOVA test to observe differences between individuals with recognized disability and those without. Finally, we conducted logistic regression analysis to determine which vulnerability profiles are most likely to experience a situation of social exclusion. We also discuss the limitations of our study, and suggest areas in, which the relationships between health, social exclusion and disability can be further investigated.

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