Dissertations / Theses: 'Social Exclusion and Health'

1

Hamid, Narmeen Altaf. "Social exclusion and women's health in Lahore, Pakistan." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367951.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Seitz, Anita. "Parental experience of the obesity and social exclusion intervention "Our important children"." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för hälsovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-34945.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Luscombe, Claire. "Mental health and social exclusion in people experiencing homelessness : the case for improved assessment." Thesis, University of Kent, 2015. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/47950/.

Full text

Abstract:

This study investigated the Mental Health and Social exclusion in People experiencing Homelessness and was completed in two phases; A large cross section study in which six screening assessments and a diagnostic test battery were completed with 529 individuals, followed by an exploratory secondary analysis investigating the association between social exclusion factors and mental health disorders. Analysis included the prevalence of the disorders found within this group, comparisons of the reported disorders with that of the general population and the utility of the screening test administered. A logistic analysis was completed for the 8 mental health disorders to understand the association between these and the 21 factors of social exclusion identified from the work of Percy- Smith and the Multiple Exclusion Project. Prevalence rates within the homeless study were found to be significantly higher than that of the general population with major depression and substance dependency being most prevalent. Psychosis yielded the biggest difference between the two populations. Only the AUDIT and DAST were found to be useful screening tools. Twelve indicators were found to be associated with mental health disorders with odds ratios ranging between 1.20 and 4.43. The study added evidence to the growing awareness of the multiply excluded nature of homelessness. Whether homelessness should be given such prominence in their support is debatable. This research supports the need for services that are multidisciplinary and cater for a broad range of needs. With the current reforms to the health and social care system what seems likely is that without more robust data and assessment, homeless individuals will not receive the services that they so clearly need. Further research is needed into the associated factors of social exclusion and their utility within needs assessments and how services should support those individuals with these complex needs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Turton, Neil Graham. "Barriers to inclusion : a comparative study of long-term unemployment, social exclusion and mental health." Thesis, Durham University, 2002. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1069/.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Bates, Steven John. "Red de Salud -- Network of health : structural violence, exclusion and inclusion in Venezuela." PDXScholar, 2009. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3795.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis is a study of the socio-economic changes in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela since the new government came into office in 1999. The research hypothesis for this thesis is that the changes and parallel socioeconomic structures being implemented in Venezuela since 1999 have decreased structural violence, and have provided more inclusion for previously excluded people. As the methodology used is qualitative, utilizing textual analysis to conduct a case study, academic journals from the fields of conflict resolution, sociology, political science, public health, cultural studies and economics were relied upon for the most part. This study of structural violence and exclusion has necessitated the contextualization of the situation, and as such, neoliberalism as a major influence has been discussed to aid in understanding and drawing conclusions. The results indicate that the changes and parallel socioeconomic structures being implemented in Venezuela since 1999 have decreased structural violence, and have provided more inclusion for previously excluded people.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Page, Dominic Matthew Earl. "Reconceptualising the relationship between employment and mental health: Towards a relevant social model of economic exclusion?" Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.601227.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis presents empirical evidence regarding the labour market experiences of people with mental health disabilities. It analyses data from the third wave of the Labour Force Swvey (LFS) (2007) in conjunction with qualitative,data collected between 2006 and 2009. Sixty-four people reporting mental health disabilities with a range of employment statuses, both active and inactive were interviewed regarding their labour market experiences. This research addresses a significant gap in the academic literature. While there has been noteworthy research establishing that people with mental health disabilities experience disadvantage in the labour market, influential medical concepts of disability continue to effect subsequent explanations for such patterns. From such a perspective, the exclusion of people with mental health disabilities is essentially rational; they are impaired and are inherently less employable. The evidence from this thesis challenges such conceptualisations of mental health. It adopts a social model of disability whilst recognising and addressing it has limitations in the case of mental health. The thesis presents clear quantitative and qua1itative evidence of economic exclusion. Evidence from the LFS demonstra tes that, of all disabled groups, those self-reporting mental health disabilities were the most likely to express a desire for employment, yet amongst the least likely to be employed. In addition, there was clear evidence of underemployment, with panicipants reporting a reliance on part-time or temporary work despite a desire for full-time, permanent work. Qualitative data challenges the dominant stereotype of people with mental health disabilities as less employable as a direct result of the impairments associated with the ir illnesses. Instead these patterns were largely perceived as being the result of society's reaction to mental ' illnesses' and subsequent creation of a variety of individual. organisational, structural and institutional barriers to employment. This provides the basis of a relevant social model that does not deny the presence or importance of the very real symptoms of mental health disabilities, but argues that these do not necessarily have to result in labour market disadvantage.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Bonmatí, Tomàs Anna. "Promoción de la salud desde la perspectiva salutogénica en mujeres inmigrantes en riesgo de exclusión social. A salutogenic approach to health promotion among immigrant women at risk of social exclusion." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400487.

Full text

Abstract:

Traditional health promotion programs designed immigrant women at risk of social exclusion have focussed on their needs. The salutogenic approach offers a new perspective to them. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a health promotion program, focused on the empowerment with a salutogenic approach, for immigrant women at risk of social exclusion. Methodology: A mixed-methods study, using a sequential exploratory strategy of qualitative and quantitative methodology, was developed within the Programa d’Orientació Laboral de Càritas de Girona. Conclusions: Participants in the study have GRRs and are able to identify them. Health promotion programs developed from a salutogenic perspective, reduced significantly perceived stress, increased physical quality of life and showed a trend toward increased self-esteem. These activities are more effective in women with lower initial SOC and quality of life scores and higher perceived stress scores. Perceived social support is also a key factor in the empowerment of these immigrant women
Los programas promotores de salud en mujeres immigrantes en riesgo de exclusión social han estado focalizados en necesidades. La perspectiva salutogénica proporciona un nuevo enfoque a dichos programas. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de un programa promotor de salud, focalizado en el empoderamiento desde una perspectiva salutogénica, en mujeres inmigrantes en riesgo de exclusión social. Metodología: Diseño mixto usando una estrategia exploratoria con metodología cualitativa y cuantitativa, en el Programa de Orientación Laboral de Càritas de Girona. Conclusiones: Las participantes poseen GRRs y son capaces de identificarlos. Los programas promotores de salud desde una perspectiva salutogénica reducen significativamente el estrés, aumentan la calidad de vida física y tienden a aumentar su autoestima. Este fue más efectiva en mujeres con puntuaciones iniciales de SOC, y calidad de vida menores y con mayor percepción de estrés. El apoyo social es un factor determinante para el empoderamiento de estas

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Nuttall, L. D. "Personality disorder : no longer a diagnosis of exclusion? : law, policy and practice in Scotland." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/17417.

Full text

Abstract:

Personality disorder has been and continues to be a contested diagnosis. Those who attract this form of diagnosis have been particularly vulnerable to the effects of stigma and have tended to be excluded from service provision. This thesis provides an examination of how recent developments in law, policy and practice have impacted upon the status of personality disorder as a diagnosis of exclusion in Scotland. The theoretical framework that provides this thesis with its structure is derived from the post-empiricist approach proposed by Derek Layder. This approach seeks to contextualise emergent inductive findings within a broader historical and contemporary analysis. In the case of this research the broader context consists of the interplay between mental health law, policy and practice in the field of mental health and the diagnosis of personality disorder more specifically. The empirical enquiry at the core of this thesis is based upon an analysis of the views, beliefs and expectations of front-line staff (psychiatrists and social workers qualified as mental health officers) involved in the process of assessment and service provision. In addition to front-line staff (n = 27) a range of key informants who were in a position to shed light on the strategic imperatives underpinning recent developments in law and policy were also interviewed. This analysis is contextualised within a review of key developments in law and policy that have particular significance for anyone who may attract a diagnosis of personality disorder. Despite the ostensibly inclusive approach towards those who may attract a diagnosis of personality disorder evident within the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003, the reality is a highly selective and very limited inclusion of those who attract this form of diagnosis. The effective inclusion of those who may attract a diagnosis of personality disorder has been obstructed by several key impediments: 1: an insufficiently robust policy framework to drive forward the process of inclusion; 2: residual ambivalence towards the legitimacy of the diagnosis of personality disorder itself and the legitimacy of the claims made upon services by those who may attract a diagnosis of personality disorder; 3: insufficient and inadequately focused resources; 4: service structures that have not been redesigned sufficiently to engage successfully with service users who may attract a diagnosis of personality disorder. As a consequence of these impediments to inclusion, the majority of those who may attract a diagnosis of personality disorder in Scotland are likely to continue to face high levels of marginalisation and exclusion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Roriz, Ticiana Melo de Sá. ""Inclusão/exclusão social e escolar de crianças com paralisia cerebral, sob a óptica dos profissionais de saúde"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17148/tde-31072006-145520/.

Full text

Abstract:

A discussão sobre inclusão social ganha crescente relevância na nossa sociedade. Ela trata do respeito às diferenças, dos direitos e da participação igualitária dos cidadãos. A diversidade de pessoas que evoca essa premissa é imensa, decorrente de aspectos étnicos, sócio-econômicos, sexuais e ligados às necessidades especiais. No caso de crianças com necessidades especiais, particularmente daquelas com deficiências, a inclusão abarca sua participação na sociedade em geral e, especificamente, em instituições de educação regular (inclusão escolar). Porém, a despeito da criação de leis e regulamentações, os preconceitos, além da não observância de aspectos como capacitação de educadores e acessibilidade física, dificultam a concretização da inclusão. Considerando a relevância e complexidade do problema e, ainda, que esse processo é freqüentemente mediado por profissionais de saúde, traçou-se como meta estudar a inclusão de crianças com Paralisia Cerebral, com foco nesses profissionais. Indagou-se como eles concebem a e participam da inclusão dessas crianças. Foram investigados os vários profissionais que atendiam duas crianças de três anos, em seguimento em serviços de saúde da região de Ribeirão Preto - SP. O corpus para análise foi obtido por entrevistas semi-estruturadas (neurologista infantil, pediatra, médico de saúde da família, enfermeira, fisioterapeuta, fonoaudióloga, terapeuta ocupacional, psicóloga e assistente social), por visita domiciliar às crianças e famílias e por notas de campo. A coleta e análise foram feitas com base na Rede de Significações. As crianças pivôs - Davi e Letícia - têm comprometimentos decorrentes da Paralisia Cerebral. Porém, cada criança apresenta características distintas. Em Letícia os comprometimentos motores são mais evidentes no lado esquerdo, ela não tem comunicação verbal e usualmente rejeita contato interpessoal. Em Davi a limitação motora é mais evidenciada nos membros inferiores, além disso, ele comunica-se verbalmente e busca o outro. Cada família se organiza e participa no tratamento de maneira bem diversa. A família de Davi é bastante participativa e a de Letícia demonstra-se confusa, quanto ao quadro e tratamento da criança. Os profissionais que atendem às crianças atuam em contextos diversos (serviços públicos primário/secundário/terciário, além de serviços filantrópicos e universitários particulares). Constatou-se que cada contexto proporciona distintas oportunidades aos e práticas discursivas dos profissionais e das pessoas que neles são atendidas, estes aspectos influenciando a forma de atuação com relação à inclusão daquelas crianças. Predominantemente, o olhar destes profissionais é dirigido de maneira descontextualizada à criança individualmente. Porém, tanto as características das crianças, como a organização dos contextos familiares, revelaram-se importantes circunscritores das concepções, expectativas, relações e atuações dos profissionais. A articulação de todos aqueles elementos contribui para circunscrever, para os profissionais, o papel de competente/ impotente frente ao caso, participativo/não-participativo dos processos de inclusão. Ainda, explicita muitas vezes a sobreposição de exclusões, tendo os profissionais dificuldade em lidar com estas situações. Constatamos que o processo de inclusão social e escolar de crianças com Paralisia Cerebral não é algo naturalizado, e sim, a acontecer. E, finalmente, que o processo de inclusão se faz na dialética da inclusão/exclusão das crianças e suas famílias, abarcando situações que nem sempre se dão de maneira digna e decente.
The debate regarding social inclusion increasinly acquires relevance in our society. It highlights issues such as respect to differences, common rights and citizens egalitarian social participation. The diversity of groups who evokes the inclusion premise is enormous, mostly related to ethnic, socio-economic, sexual and special needs aspects. In the case of children with special needs, especially those with disabilities, inclusion encompasses their participation in society in general, besides in regular education institutions (scholar inclusion). Although there has been the creation of laws and resolutions concerning inclusion, its concretization is being considered as a difficult task, as there are problems such as prejudices, lack of teachers training and the presence of architectonic barriers. On account of the relevance and complexity of this issue, besides considering that this processes are usually mediated by health professionals, we set our objective in studying the children with special needs inclusion, focusing on these professionals. The aim is to investigate how health professionals conceive the and participate of the inclusion processes. The various professionals who consult two three-year-old children with Cerebral Palsy were investigated. The emprical data was obtained by semi-structures interviews (child neurologist, pediatrician, family health doctor, nurse, physiotherapist, phonoaudiologist, occupational therapist, psychologist and social assistant), besides domiciliary visit and field notes. Data collection and analysis were made based on the Network of Meanings perspective. The pivot children Davi and Letícia have limitations due to the Cerebral Palsy. However, each child presents distinct characteristics. In Letícia, motor limitations are more evident in the childs left side; besides she does not speak and usually rejects interpersonal contact. In Davi, the motor limitations are highly manifested on the lower limbs; besides, he speaks clearly and he often aims to interact with other people. Regarding the families, both organization and participation in the treatment reveals very diverse characteristics among them. Davis family is very much participative, unlikely in Letícias family who demonstrates confusion concerning the childs clinical findings and treatment. The professionals who follow up the children exercise their practices in very diverse contexts (public services - primary, secondary, tertiary -, besides philanthropical and private universitary services). Analysis made evident that, besides the professional graduation, each service context provides distinct opportunities to and discursive practices for the professionals and the families who are attended in that place, constraining diversely the way they conceive and enact regarding those childrens inclusion processes. Predominantly, that professionals act considering the individual child, in a de-contextualized manner. Moreover, the childrens characteristics and the family organization also revealed to be important constraints of the professionals conceptions, expectations, relations and performances. Those elements were undestood to constrain the situation not by themselves, but through their intrinsic articulation, helping to set the professionals on competent/incompetent roles regarding the case; leading them to feel as a participant / not participant in the inclusion processes. Dominantly, it could be identified the superposition of several exclusions, within which the health professionals have difficulties to cope. We have evidenced that the inclusion processes of children with special needs is not a naturalized one, but is continously in development. Finally, it can be said that the childrens and their families inclusion processes happen in an inclusion/exclusion dialectics, in which the inclusion situations does not always happen in a decent and respectable manner.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Bland-Lasso, Laura. "Challenging Social Exclusion Through Sport: A Case Study of Marginalized, Adolescent Girls in Bogotá, Colombia." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37769.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Gender inequality is widespread throughout Latin America, in large part due to a ‘machista’ culture in which women tend to be regarded as inferior to men. In Colombia, especially in low-income areas, women and girls are consistently excluded and marginalized. As a result of this, adolescent girls are susceptible to gang recruitment, teen pregnancy, and substance abuse. In similar settings globally, sport has been shown to be an effective tool for development and for the socialization and inclusion of youth. Few studies have taken place in Latin America, however, and hardly any of them have focused specifically on marginalized girls. This study aims to address this gap in literature by exploring how sport can break down barriers of exclusion and promote inclusion of marginalized, adolescent girls in Colombia. Methods: This qualitative, multi-methods study involved the analysis of data collected from semi-structured and key informant interviews, as well as participant observation sessions. All data collection was conducted in Cazucá, Colombia with participants from local NGO Tiempo de Juego (TDJ). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with adolescent girls between the ages of 11-18 who were participating in at least 1 sport at TDJ. Key informant interviews were conducted with TDJ staff and a guardian of several girls who participate in TDJ. Interview transcripts and participant observation memos and reflections were reviewed and coded to identify themes through thematic analysis. Results: All participants interviewed indicated that sport had a positive impact on their day to day lives. Three main themes and two sub-themes were identified during data analysis: 1) ‘Machismo’ in Colombia with sub-themes: i) Gender Roles and ii) Gender Norms, 2) Exclusion and marginalization, and 3) Empowerment through sport. Most participants spoke about the prevalence of machismo in Colombian society and how gender roles and norms limit the types of opportunities that are available to them. Participants expressed how, although they are marginalized based on where they live, sport provided them with a healthy activity to engage in as an alternative to the negative behaviours that they are susceptible to in their neighbourhoods. Sport provided them with an outlet to escape from their daily problems, and they felt that through sport, they were able to realize their self-worth and gain confidence in themselves. Conclusion: These findings suggest that sport can become a useful tool for promoting the inclusion of marginalized girls through empowerment. While sport was shown to break down some barriers of exclusion, further work must be done to explore its potential role in breaking down gender stereotypes that remain prevalent in Colombian culture. These results highlight the need for more sport programs that focus on marginalized girls in Latin American countries where women and girls remain a neglected population.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Oliveira, Reginaldo Pereira de [UNESP]. "Processos excludentes no espaço intra-urbano: condição de vida, saúde e redes sociais dos chefes de família desempregados Presidente Prudente-SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89807.

Full text

Abstract:

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:20:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_rp_me_prud.pdf: 2964731 bytes, checksum: d12040eb0f7dcccc159d057b5ee79db0 (MD5)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A presente dissertação tem como objetivo central a análise das redes de solidariedade e estratégias de sobrevivências das famílias moradoras de áreas de exclusão social da cidade de Presidente Prudente-SP. Para isto, procurou-se captar as características dos perfis de famílias com chefes desempregados e identificar os problemas sociais e as necessidades em saúde, no contexto do atual período técnico-científico e informacional. Torna-se impossível entender esta prática espacial denominada exclusão social se a considerarmos apenas como um recorte analítico da realidade. É por este motivo que fizemos uma geografia dos usos do território e das suas relações com a temática dos processos excludentes. Fez-se necessário, então, um método que entendesse o espaço geográfico enquanto um todo em movimento, na busca por uma compreensão das relações entre território e exclusão. Os estudos das redes sociais se mostraram como uma ferramenta de fundamental importância, tanto por suas potencialidades, quanto por suas limitações enquanto instrumento de representação do espaço geográfico. Nesta reflexão, alguns conceitos e autores aparecem com contribuições fundamentais, dentre eles o de território usado e solidariedades geográficas, desenvolvido por Milton Santos. Conclui-se que a exclusão social urbana é uma questão de caráter muito mais político que propriamente técnico, e que os processos excludentes em Presidente Prudente-SP são frutos dos usos corporativos do território e das escolhas históricas feitas por esta cidade e pela formação sócio-espacial na qual está inserida.
The prime objective of this dissertation has the analysis of solidarity nets and strategies of survival of the living families of areas of social exclusion of the city of Presidente Prudente- SP. For this, it was looked for catching the characteristics of the profiles of families with dismissed heads and to identify to the social problems and the necessities in health, in the context of the current technician-scientific and informational period. It's impossible to understand this practical space called social exclusion if only to consider as an analytical clipping of the reality. It is for this reason that we made a kind of geography of the uses of the territory and its relations with the thematic of the exculpatory processes. It has been necessary, then, a method that understood the geographical space as a whole one in movement, in the search for an understanding of the relations between territory and exclusion. The studies of the social nets are a tool of basic importance, as much for its potentialities, how much for its limitations while instrument of representation of the geographical space. In this reflection, some concepts and authors appear with basic contributions, among them, one of used territory and geographic solidarities, developed for Milton Santos. It has been concluded that the that the urban social exclusion is a character question much more politician than properly technician, and that the exculpatory processes in Presidente Prudente-SP are somethings wich have their origins of the corporative uses of the territory and of the historical choices made by this city and the partner-space formation in which is inserted.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Santos, Jussara Carvalho dos. "O estigma da doença mental: compreensão e ações dos trabalhadores dos CAPS." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-11092013-151204/.

Full text

Abstract:

O Estigma é definido como um atributo profundamente depreciativo, que aos olhos da sociedade serve para desacreditar a pessoa que o possui, contribuindo com a discriminação social. Durante séculos a pessoa com doença mental se sentiu estigmatizada porque ser vista como louca pelo grupo cultural com quem convive. Esta forma de produção cultural do estigma se dá de modo similar no Brasil. Desta forma, as equipes dos serviços substitutivos territoriais, como o CAPS, devem realizar ações que mude a questão cultural em relação à loucura para poder alcançar a superação do estigma da doença mental. Para que isso possa acontecer, os profissionais de saúde mental tem de reconhecer os usuários dos serviços substitutivos territoriais como cidadãos, caso contrário eles reforçarão o estigma e a discriminação já prevalentes na sociedade. A equipe multidisciplinar dos CAPS tem um papel importante para ampliar debates sobre os direitos e sobre a cidadania das pessoas com doença mental no seu território de atuação, informando às pessoas com e sem doença mental e aos empregadores sobre o propósito de diminuir a discriminação/estigma relacionado à doença mental. Esta equipe deve aproveitar as oportunidades dentro e fora do campo de trabalho em saúde mental para promover a inclusão social, a reabilitação psicossocial e a superação do estigma da doença mental na sociedade através de ações estratégicas no seu território de atuação. Desta maneira buscou-se contribuir para a formulação de ações de reabilitação psicossocial que contemplem a proposta de superação do estigma no território. A finalidade deste estudo é caracterizar as ações de superação do estigma desenvolvidas pela equipe multidisciplinar dos CAPS adultos e promover a sua reprodução por meio dos resultados do estudo. Para atingir esta finalidade os objetivos específicos foram: conhecer a compreensão dos profissionais das equipes multidisciplinares dos CAPS Adultos sobre o conceito de estigma da loucura; identificar as estratégias de intervenção para superar o estigma da doença mental realizadas por equipes multidisciplinares dos CAPS adultos em seu território de atuação e; analisar a possibilidade e a dificuldade das equipes multidisciplinares para a implementação das ações de superação do estigma. Nesta investigação optou-se por utilizar como base teórica a teoria sobre o estigma de Evining Goffman e como categoria analítica Reabilitação Psicossocial. O estudo foi realizado com os profissionais de saúde mental das equipes multidisciplinares dos CAPS adultos. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas, enquanto que para apuração dos dados foi utilizada análise temática, a qual destacou como categorias empíricas: 1) processo de saúde-doença mental; 2) processo de estigma e exclusão social; e 3) processo de trabalho em saúde mental. Ao final do estudo foi possível perceber que as necessidades em saúde são extremamente dinâmicas tendo sua construção marcada social e historicamente, exigindo portanto que os serviços tenham a capacidade de desenvolver estratégias também dinâmicas e sensíveis, capazes de superar as ações rotineiras, passando para arranjos de escutar, reinterpretar e trabalhar as necessidades de saúde. Considera-se, portanto, que a proximidade dos CAPS com a sociedade facilita a inclusão social e a superação do estigma da doença mental e esta ajuda a transformar o imaginário social, e vice-versa. Observou-se que é preciso ter maior suporte do governo e das políticas públicas para que as equipes multidisciplinares consigam difundir as ações de superação do estigma da doença mental no seu território de atuação, este suporte pode ser oferecido através de campanhas para superação do estigma. Verificou-se também que as ações desempenhadas pelos profissionais entrevistados é o início para a superação do estigma da doença mental, mas é necessário que tenham suporte da lei e de várias instâncias da sociedade. O presente estudo reitera que o CAPS é um serviço-resposta da sociedade ao modelo manicomial, porém não resolve todos os problemas da sociedade em relação a loucura, e sim possibilita espaços para articular tensões, conflitos e possibilidades. Desta maneira compreende-se que os CAPS estão caminhando para a superação do estigma da doença mental nos seus territórios de atuação, através da promoção: de cidadania, da circulação no território e do poder contratual das pessoas com doença mental.
Stigma is defined as an attribute that is profoundly demeaning in the eyes of society, which serves to discredit the person who owns it, contributing to social discrimination. For centuries the people with mental illness felt themselves stigmatized because they were seen as crazy by the cultural group in which they live. This type of cultural production of stigma occurs similarly in Brazil. Thus, territorial substitutive services teams, such as CAPS (Portuguese acronym for Psychosocial Care Center), must take action to change the cultural status related to madness in order to achieve the overcoming of the mental illness stigma. In order to achieve this, mental health professionals must recognize the territorial substitute service users as citizens, otherwise they will reinforce the stigma and discrimination already prevalent in society. In this way, the multidisciplinary team of CAPS has an important role in expanding debates about rights and citizenship of people with mental illness in their territory of operation, telling people with and without mental illness and employers about the purpose of reducing discrimination/stigma related to mental illness. The team should take advantage of opportunities within and outside the field of work on mental health to promote social inclusion, psychosocial rehabilitation and the overcoming of the mental illness stigma in society through strategic actions in its territory of operation. Said that, the author aims to contribute to the formulation of actions that address the psychosocial rehabilitation proposed to overcome the stigma in the territory. The purpose of this study is to characterize the actions developed by a multidisciplinary team of CAPS (CAPS adult) to overcome stigma, and to promote the reproduction of such actions by means of the study of the results. In order to achieve this, specific objectives were defined: to know the understanding of the multidisciplinary teams of professionals of CAPS (CAPS adult) on the concept of madness stigma; to identify intervention strategies to overcome the mental illness stigma conducted by multidisciplinary teams CAPS (CAPS adult) in their territory of action and; to analyze the possibility and difficulty of multidisciplinary teams for the implementation of actions to overcome the stigma. In this investigation the author choose to use for reference the psychosocial rehabilitation analytical categories. The study was conducted with mental health professionals in multidisciplinary teams of Itaim Bibi, Perdizes and Lapa CAPS (CAPS adult). The data was acquired trough semi-structured interviews and them submitted to thematic analysis to proceed with the assessment of data. In this investigation we chose to use the theory as the theoretical basis of stigma evining Goffman as an analytical category and Psychosocial Rehabilitation. The study was conducted with mental health professionals from multidisciplinary teams of adults CAPS. For data collection were used semi-structured interviews, while for the calculation of the data was used thematic analysis, which highlighted how empirical categories: 1) the health-mental illness, 2) the process of stigma and social exclusion, and 3 ) process of mental health work. At the end of the study it was revealed that health needs are extremely dynamic with its construction marked social and historically, thus requiring that the services have the ability to develop strategies also dynamic and sensitive, able to overcome the routine actions, passing arrangements listen, reinterpret and work health needs. It is considered, therefore, that the proximity of CAPS with society facilitates social inclusion and overcoming the stigma of mental illness and this helps to transform the social imaginary, and vice versa. Noted that it is necessary to have greater support from the government and public policy for Multidisciplinary teams are able to spread the actions to overcome the stigma of mental illness in its service territory, this support can be offered through campaigns to overcome the stigma. It was also found that the actions performed by the professionals interviewed is beginning to overcome the stigma of mental illness, but it is necessary that they support the law and various levels of society. The present study confirms that the CAPS is a service-society response to the asylum, but does not solve all the problems of society in relation to madness, but allows spaces to articulate tensions, conflicts and possibilities. Thus it is understood that the CAPS are moving to overcome the stigma of mental illness in their territories of performance, by promoting: citizenship, the circulation in the territory and the bargaining power of people with mental illness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Mathias, Kaaren. "Shadows and light : examining community mental health competence in North India." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Epidemiologi och global hälsa, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-127219.

Full text

Abstract:

Background Globally, there is increasing emphasis on the importance of understanding the ways in which social inequality and injustice impact individual and community mental health. Set in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, India, this thesis examines the complex relationships between individuals, communities and the social environment in relation to mental health. North India is characterised by stark gender and socio-economic inequalities and social exclusion for people with psycho-social disability (PPSD) and mental health services in these study areas were essentially absent. Community mental health competency means people are collectively able to participate in efforts to promote, prevent, treat and advocate for mental health. This thesis reflexively examines the presence and absence of community mental health competence in the upper Ganges region. Methods A mixed methods approach allowed for a multi-level examination of community mental health competence, and generated four sub-studies. In-depth interviews with thirteen PPSD and eighteen caregivers in Bijnor and Saharanpur (Uttar Pradesh state) were carried out in 2013 providing data for qualitative analysis. These data were analysed using qualitative content analysis to examine experiences of exclusion and inclusion of PPSD in sub-study I, and thematic analysis to examine the gendered experiences of caregivers in sub-study II. A community based sample of 960 people in Dehradun district (Uttarakhand) were surveyed in 2014 to examine the prevalence, treatment gap and social determinants of depression in substudy III, and the attitudes and preferred social distance from people with depression and psychosis were investigated in sub-study IV. Multi-variate regression analysis in both studies was conducted with Stata software Version 13.1. Results Within the domain of knowledge, relatively low community mental health literacy, a diverse range of explanatory models of mental health, and creative and persistent efforts in helpseeking were the themes identified. Within the domain of safe social spaces, social exclusion was harsh and prevalent for PPSD, with contrasting sub-domains of belonging, social support, social participation and ahimsa (non-violence). Women were disadvantaged more than men in most spheres of caregiving. Social determinants of depression with an adjusted odds ratio of more than 2.0 included being a member of the most oppressed caste or tribal group, having taken a recent loan, and not completing primary schooling. The prevalence of depression was 6.0% in the community sample, and there was a 100% treatment gap for counselling, and a 96% treatment gap for anti-depressant therapy, even though 79% of those with depression had visited a primary care provider in the previous three months. Social determinants of health and access to care are proposed as additional domains of community mental health competency. The prevailing gender regime that values males and disadvantages women influenced every domain of community mental health competency, particularly increasing caregiver burden, social exclusion and experiences of physical violence for women. Conclusions In this thesis I have refined and strengthened a conceptual framework that portrays community mental health competence as a tree, where foundational roots of social determinants of mental health support four branches depicting access to care, knowledge, safe social spaces and partnerships for action. This tree model proposes that all five domains must operate in unison to support action for community mental health involving: development of community knowledge; promoting social inclusion, gender equality and participation; addressing upstream health determinants; and increasing access to mental health care.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Hilário, Marco Aurélio de Souza. "Hanseníase e exclusão social: um estudo de caso sobre pacientes de uma instituição de saúde em Minas Gerais." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2012. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3361.

Full text

Abstract:

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:19:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 3312926 bytes, checksum: f14ce0d6f6d1d4d39a28ff1403d23d1d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-27
The objective of this work was to identify the consequences of exclusion and isolation on the personal, family and social life of patients affected by Hansen‟s disease and interned in institutions for treatment, identifying the aspects of reproduction and maintenance of the exclusion itself as well as strategies used by them for a social valorization. This study was carried out at Casa de Saúde Padre Damião (CSPD), unit of Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), in the city of Ubá. This qualitative study had as its target population, 53 patients named chronic patients interned for a long time and living in the institution with greater autonomy. Documental research and interviews were used as data collection tools and the social and economic profile of chronic patients and their families at Casa de Saúde Padre Damião, the social relationships made by the chronic patients and their families in the institutional environment and the processes of stigmatization and social exclusion of the chronic patients and their families in the reproduction and maintenance of social exclusion. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and speech analyses based on bibliographic references. Hansen‟s disease has been present in Brazil since the XVII century. As the etiologic agent of the disease is discovered, the construction of leprosarium in many states is supported, aiming at fighting and controlling the disease. Casa de Saúde Padre Damião was opened in 1945 to shelter and treat Hansen‟s disease patients by compulsory or spontaneous internations. Until the 1980s, Casa de Saúde Padre Damião had always used isolation and exclusion of people with leprosy as a treatment practice.After opening of this institution, aiming at social reinsertion of its interns, they did not leave CSPD, living there, though. Such patients, being interns for such a long time and in the need of permanent health care were characterized as chronic patients, receiving benefits and diverse concession from the institution. Because of being able to interact with the external environment, Casa de Saúde Padre Damião is also used as living target of many people, so a heterogeneous population emerged, causing the coexistence among the sick people (chronic patients) and the healthy people (not sick residents). Threatened due to the benefits and concessions received, chronic patients have an idea and rejection speech to the healthy residents, and the institution is still being pointed as a place mainly for the sick residents. So, they reproduce and keep the exclusion towards the healthy ones and towards themselves as they desire a place occupied by people with their conditions. Along with the excluding speech, they aim at strengthening their place, differentiated from the chronic patients by valuing and ranking the relationships at CSPD and by valuing a place for themselves, they aim at being recognized as citizens.
Neste trabalho, objetivou-se identificar as implicações da exclusão e do isolamento na vida pessoal, familiar e social de pacientes acometidos por hanseníase e internados em uma instituição para tratamento, identificando-se os aspectos de reprodução e manutenção da própria exclusão, bem como as estratégias utilizadas por eles para uma valorização social. O estudo realizou-se na Casa de Saúde Padre Damião (CSPD), unidade da Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), localizada na cidade de Ubá. Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa, teve como população-alvo 53 pacientes denominados pacientes crônicos , internados em longa permanência e residindo na instituição com maior autonomia. Como instrumento de coleta de dados, utilizaram-se a pesquisa documental e a entrevista, tendo como categorias de análise o perfil socioeconômico dos pacientes crônicos e familiares na Casa de Saúde Padre Damião, as relações sociais constituídas pelos pacientes crônicos e familiares no ambiente institucional e o processo de estigmatização e exclusão social dos pacientes crônicos e familiares, na reprodução e manutenção da exclusão social. Analisaram-se os dados por meio de estatística descritiva e análise das falas com base no referencial bibliográfico. A presença da hanseníase no Brasil pode ser sentida desde o século XVII. Com a descoberta do agente etiológico da doença, são incentivadas as construções de leprosários em vários estados, com o intuito de combater e conter a endemia. A Casa de Saúde Padre Damião foi inaugurada em 1945, com o objetivo de acolhimento e tratamento dos doentes de hanseníase, a partir de internações compulsórias ou espontâneas. Até a década de 1980, a Casa de Saúde Padre Damião sempre se valeu do isolamento e exclusão dos doentes de hanseníase como prática de tratamento. Após a abertura da instituição em busca de reinserção social dos internos, estes não deixaram a CSPD, continuando aí residir. Tais pacientes, com longo tempo de internação e necessitando de cuidados permanentes em saúde, foram caracterizados como pacientes crônicos, recebendo benefícios e concessões diversas da instituição. Com a possibilidade de interação com o ambiente externo, a Casa de Saúde Padre Damião torna-se também destino de moradia de pessoas diversas, com o consequente surgimento de uma população heterogênea, ocasionando a convivência entre os chamados doentes (pacientes crônicos) e os denominados sadios (moradores não doentes). Ameaçados em relação aos benefícios e concessões recebidos, os pacientes crônicos constroem uma ideia e um discurso de rejeição aos moradores sadios, sendo apontada ainda a instituição como lugar prioritariamente de doentes. Assim, reproduzem e mantêm uma exclusão em direção aos sadios e em relação a si mesmos, já que exprimem o desejo de um lugar ocupado apenas por iguais. Concomitantemente com um discurso excludente, buscam fortalecer seu lugar diferenciado de pacientes crônicos, valorizando e hierarquizando as relações na CSPD, buscando ainda, com a valorização de um lugar próprio, ser reconhecidos como cidadãos.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Montes, Daniela Cristina. "O significado da experiência de abrigo e a auto-imagem da criança em idade escolar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7133/tde-02102006-155956/.

Full text

Abstract:

A experiência da criança em situação de abrigo pode dificultar o desenvolvimento de uma auto-imagem positiva quando o abrigo não atende os princípios estabelecidos por lei. Os valores, as crenças, as imagens, as atitudes e o conjunto de informações vividas na infância delineiam a imagem que a criança tem de si. Por isso, é necessário estudar em que medida o abrigo, em sua função de proteção, contribui, ou não, para a formação da auto-imagem da criança em situação de risco pessoal e social. Se, por um lado, a situação de abrigo pode evitar ou reduzir danos à criança que, no seio da família, se encontrava em situação de risco; por outro, pode causar prejuízos na formação da auto-imagem da criança. Assim, esse estudo teve o propósito de apreender o significado da experiência de abrigo para crianças em idade escolar e identificar referências sobre sua auto-imagem em seus relatos. Considerando os objetivos acima referidos, o método utilizado para desenvolver esta pesquisa foi de cunho descritivo e qualitativo. A escolha por este método deveu-se ao fato dele possibilitar a apreensão da realidade subjetiva de um grupo social. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas com quatorze crianças em situação de abrigo. A organização dos dados permitiu identificar que o significado da experiência de abrigo está associado ao cotidiano, às relações com a família e com os cuidadores. Já a auto-imagem está associada à trajetória de vida, à visão do amigo, à imagem corporal e ao autoconceito. Os relatos das crianças referentes ao significado da experiência de abrigo mostraram ambivalência de sentimentos em relação à instituição. Elas não reconhecem o abrigo como sua casa, contudo percebem que ele atende melhor as necessidades materiais do que suas famílias. Elas sentem que, no abrigo, são cuidadas e protegidas, têm melhores oportunidades de aprendizagem e maior acesso ao lazer. Gostam da instituição, mas desejam que essa situação seja transitória e que possam retornar para casa. Ao mesmo tempo em que os limites impostos pelas rotinas e normas permitem que elas se sintam cuidadas e protegidas, eles causam descontentamento devido às repreensões e falta de liberdade. Os relatos referentes à auto-imagem mostraram que todas as experiências vivenciadas pela criança refletem em seu autoconceito e que, apesar de seu histórico de violência familiar, elas buscam mecanismos de enfrentamento que as permitem desenvolver uma auto-imagem positiva em algumas áreas. O estudo possibilitou compreender que não só a instituição exerce influência sobre a auto-imagem da criança, como esta também influencia a experiência de abrigo.
The experience of a child living in a shelter can hamper their development of a positive self-image when the shelter does not abide by the principles established in accordance with the law. Values, beliefs, images, attitudes and the entire set of information experienced in their childhood builds the image that the child has of them self. Therefore, it is necessary to study to what proportion the shelter, in its function as protection, contributes or not, to the formation of the child\'s self-image in situations involving personal and social risk. If on one hand, the shelter situation can prevent or reduce damage to the child who, in their own intimate family environment was in a risk situation; it on the other hand, can cause setbacks to the child\'s formation of self-image. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to learn the significance of such experiences in shelters for school-age children and to identify references about their self-images in their reports. Considering the objectives herein stated, the method used to develop this research was of a descriptive and qualitative nature. The choice of this method should be the fact that it allows us to understand the subjective reality of a social group. With this in mind, interviews of 14 children in the shelter situation were performed. The organization of this data enabled us to identify that the significance of the shelter experience is associated with everyday life, with family relationships and with the primary caregivers. And self-image is associated with each life history, how one is viewed by friends, with body image and with self-opinion. These children\'s reports, in regard to the significance of the shelter experience, showed an ambivalence of feelings toward the institution. They do not recognize the shelter as their home; however they understand that the institution meets their material needs much more than their own families do. They feel that at the shelter they are cared for and protected; have better opportunities for learning and higher access to leisure activities. They like the institution, but wish this situation were transitional with the possibility of returning to their homes. At the same time that the limits imposed by the routines and rules make these children feel cared for and protected, they also feel discontentment due to reprimands they receive and their lack of freedom. The reports regarding self-image showed that each and every experience lived by a child, reflects in their self-opinion and that, in spite of their history of family violence, they look for mechanisms to help them develop a positive self-image in some areas. This study enabled us to understand that not only the institution exercises influence on the self-image of children, but also the influence of the shelter experience affects their self-image.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Silva, Rosemara Melchior Valdevino. "Análise da utilização de indicadores sociais na operacionalização do modelo de vigilância da saúde: um estudo de caso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7137/tde-20062007-092233/.

Full text

Abstract:

Introdução- A vigilância da saúde, prática sanitária referenciada pelo paradigma da produção social da saúde, prevê o reconhecimento do território, a identificação dos problemas nele contido e a ação intersetorial. Na proposta da vigilância da saúde, o uso de indicadores sociais pode permitir que se obtenha um quadro das condições de vida dos diferentes grupos sociais e servir como ponto de partida para a intervenção na situação de saúde desses grupos. Objetivos- Caracterizar a área de abrangência da subprefeitura do Butantã a partir de indicadores socioeconômicos, demográficos e de saúde, buscando com isso compreender o perfil epidemiológico do território; e discutir a utilização das categorias autonomia, qualidade de vida, desenvolvimento humano e eqüidade na operacionalização da vigilância da saúde nesse território. Metodologia- O presente estudo configura-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa, tipo estudo de caso, de caráter exploratório e descritivo. O estudo seguiu as seguintes etapas: 1) descrição e análise dos pressupostos da vigilância da saúde e da teoria da produção social da saúde. 2) identificação de bancos de dados de domínio público, com informações relativas a indicadores sociais e de saúde, bem como os índices de exclusão/inclusão social utilizados para a construção das categorias autonomia, qualidade de vida, desenvolvimento humano e eqüidade; 3) seleção, organização e distribuição dos indicadores e categorias de análise, segundo uma unidade territorial específica, no caso os distritos administrativos do Butantã e 4) análise dos indicadores selecionados, segundo sua pertinência como tecnologia para vigilância da saúde. Resultados- Os indicadores e as categorias utilizadas permitiram enfocar as diversas situações sociais e de saúde presentes no território, favorecendo conhecer o lugar dos dados. Os distritos de Raposo Tavares e Rio Pequeno apresentaram os piores índices de exclusão/inclusão social na subprefeitura do Butantã. Os índices que representam a autonomia, qualidade de vida, o desenvolvimento humano e a eqüidade são potentes para monitoramento e diagnóstico dos determinantes de saúde de macroespaços. Considerações finais- As diferenças sociais e econômicas que permeiam os distritos da região do Butantã, apontam e reforçam a necessidade de desenvolvimento e implementação de políticas públicas locais que podem ter um efeito muito grande na melhoria das condições de vida da população que se encontra em situação de exclusão social, possibilitando a acumulação de saúde. O trabalhador de saúde precisa identificar as redes sociais de apoio presentes na região, além de desenvolver estratégias de empoderamento dos grupos sociais para o enfrentamento de seus problemas e necessidades sociais e de saúde, por meio de ações intersetoriais e de construção da cidadania
Introduction- To achieve health surveillance, which is a sanitation practice, alluding to the ideal of social health production, the following is required: recognition of the territory, identification of its problems, and an intersectorial action. According to the health surveillance proposal, with the utilization of social indicators, it is possible to obtain a situation of life condition of several social groups, which can represent a starting point for interference in the health of these groups. Objectives Our objectives are to characterize the comprehensive area of the Butantã regional district in the city of São Paulo according to socioeconomic, demographic, and health indicators, so as to obtain elements to conceive an epidemiological profile of the territory and to discuss the utilization of categories of autonomy, quality of life, human development, and equitableness to operate health surveillance in this territory. Methodology The hereby study is a qualitative research; it is a case study of exploratory and descriptive characteristics. This study had the following stages: 1) description and analysis of prior conjectures of Health Surveillance in Brazil and of the theory of social production of health; 2) identification of database of public domain, with information related to social exclusion/inclusion used for constituting the categories of autonomy, quality of life, human development, and equitableness; 3) selection, organization and distribution of indicators and categories of analysis, according to a specific territorial unity, in the case of the administrative districts of Butantã regional district; and 4) analysis of the chosen indicators, in accordance with its relevance as technology for health surveillance. Results The compound indicators enabled us to focus on several contextual aspects of the territory, propitiating to identify the place of data. The districts of Raposo Tavares and Rio Pequeno presented the worst indexes of social exclusion/inclusion within the regional district of Butantã. The indexes that represent autonomy, quality of life, human development and equitableness are significant for the supervision and diagnosis of health determining factors of macro spaces. Final Considerations The social and economical differences that permeate the Butantã region districts point to and reinforce the necessity of developing and implementing local public policies for the purpose of achieving the desired result of improving life conditions of the population who is in a condition of social exclusion, furthering health accumulation. The health professional must identify the social network of support in the region, aside from developing strategies of empowerment social groups to face their social and health problems and necessities through intersectorial actions and the construction of citizenship

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Silva, Elisandra Gasparini. "O controle da hanseníase em São Paulo: Departamento de Profilaxia da Lepra (1930-1969)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21492.

Full text

Abstract:

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-10-10T10:16:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Elisandra Gasparini Silva.pdf: 3800831 bytes, checksum: f124292d78f36c6fe2a9ca326124104b (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-10T10:16:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elisandra Gasparini Silva.pdf: 3800831 bytes, checksum: f124292d78f36c6fe2a9ca326124104b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-03
Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
This research aims to understand the role played by the Department of Leprosy Prophylaxis, created in 1935 and extinguished in 1967 and which was responsible for the policy of isolation practiced in the network of five asylum-colonies in São Paulo and for the practices that occurred during those years. During this period, people with leprosy lost not only their individuality and their right to come and go, but also the society and the transformations that took place in it. Although there was a decree from 1962 that determined the end of this practice with Hansen's disease patients, the state of São Paulo would maintain it until 1967, when the São Paulo Health Secretariat was restructured. The initial date of the periodization contemplates the first ideas about the isolation of the patients and the construction of the asylum-colonies, until the impact of these changes in the reform of 1969 imposed by the State Secretariat of Health of the State of São Paulo
Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo entender o papel desenvolvido pelo Departamento de Profilaxia da Lepra, criado em 1935 e extinto em 1967 e que foi o responsável pela política de isolamento praticada na rede de cinco asilos-colônias paulistas e pelas práticas ocorridas ao longo desses anos. Durante esse período os portadores de hanseníase perderam não somente a sua individualidade e o seu direito de ir e vir, mas também o convívio em sociedade e as transformações que nela aconteciam. Embora houvesse, a partir de 1962, um decreto que determinava o fim desta prática para com os portadores do mal de Hansen, o estado de São Paulo a manteria até 1967, quando da reestruturação da Secretaria de Saúde paulista. A data inicial da periodização contempla as primeiras ideias sobre a isolamento dos pacientes e a construção do asilos-colônias, até o impacto destas mudanças na reforma de 1969 imposta pela Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Miralles, Celia. "La tuberculose dans l’espace social barcelonais 1929-1936." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20044/document.

Full text

Abstract:

L’ancienne phtisie pulmonaire, maladie sociale excellence au XIXème siècle, est encore, au début du XXème siècle, empreinte d’un fort imaginaire commun associé à la misère sociale. Cette thèse analyse l’inscription de cette maladie dans l’espace social barcelonais des années 1930, et pour ce faire, elle cherche à prendre en compte les multiples acceptions de la tuberculose, mêlant discours des médecins et vécu des patients.Avec la découverte du bacille de Koch en 1882, le microbe apparait comme l’unique cause de la tuberculose, ce qui suppose une redéfinition de la lutte antituberculeuse, désormais concentrée sur l’élimination de l’agent contagieux. Bien plus qu’auparavant, la tuberculose est alors associée aux recoins poussiéreux et à l’environnement insalubre comme à la promiscuité. A Barcelone entre 1929 et 1936, les autorités catalanes se concentrent sur la mise en place d’une lutte préventive qui vise à extirper le microbe de certains logements précisément identifiés dans la ville.La tuberculose est également une maladie sociale qui caractérise un groupe d’individus et l’isole du reste de la société. Outre une réflexion sur la construction sociale d’une catégorie homogène autour du dénominateur commun que constitue le microbe, cette thèse a pour but de prendre en compte la réalité vécue des individus malades soignés dans les dispensaires, hôpitaux et sanatoria gratuits et de comprendre leur intégration dans le panorama social barcelonais à cette époque. Il apparait dès lors que ces tuberculeux sont souvent des actifs avec une position sociale précaire liée à une moindre intégration dans la ville, sans être pour autant complètement « isolés » socialement. C’est la déclaration de la maladie qui les fait « basculer » dans un groupe d’exclus sociaux pris en charge médicalement.Mais plus qu’un identifiant commun, la tuberculose est surtout un vécu personnel. Le malade est un acteur essentiel de sa maladie comme de sa guérison et son parcours met au jour une pratique de la lutte qui permet de redéfinir par le bas les structures de soins, et la logique médicale moderne telle qu’elle est évoquée dans les discours. Enfin, ces parcours individuels de malades dans la capitale catalane brouillent surtout la catégorie unifiée et homogène mettant en avant des préoccupations personnelles qui dépassent l’exigence de santé et l’absolue nécessité de se prémunir contre le microbe, laissant apparaitre des visions divergentes de la lutte contre la maladie à la même époque
« Consumption », a major concern of the late 19th century, was still a disease associated with misery in the collective imagination of the early 20th century. The present dissertation focuses on consumption in the Barcelonian social space of the 1930s: it seeks to circumscribe the multiple meanings of tuberculosis which emerge from medical discourse as well as from the patients’ experience.The discovery of the Koch bacillus in 1882 entailed a redefinition of the fight against tuberculosis, as the bacillus came to be seen as the single cause of the disease. Since priority was given to the eradication of the contagious agent, tuberculosis was more than before associated with dust, unsanitary and crowded environments. From 1929 to 1936, the Catalan authorities in Barcelona concentrated on preventive action, which consisted in the extirpation of the Koch bacillus from housing in some areas that were precisely identified.Besides the analysis of tuberculosis as a homogeneous social construct, the present dissertation takes the patients’ points of view into account. Tuberculosis is a social disease that characterises a group of individuals and isolates them from the rest of society. A focus on individuals who were treated in a network of free dispensaries, hospitals and sanatoriums helps us understand their position in the social landscape of Barcelona at that time : prior to being diagnosed with tuberculosis, the patients had been working and were often marginally integrated to the city’s life without being altogether socially isolated. Contracting the disease is what downgraded them to the category of medically treated paupers.More than a common status though, tuberculosis was a personal experience for the individuals struggling against the disease and getting cured. The latter’s clinical files provide a bottom-up perspective on medical institutions and on the logics of modern medical discourse. The patients’ individual trajectories in the capital of Catalonia further blur the unified and homogeneous reference to tuberculosis, as they give priority to personal concerns over health requirements and over the absolute necessity of the fight against the bacillus, thus revealing diverging contemporary understandings of the fight against tuberculosis
La antes denominada tisis pulmonar, enfermedad social por excelencia del siglo XIX, sigue siendo, aun en el siglo XX, empreñada de un fuerte imaginario común asociado a la miseria social. Esa tesis doctoral pretende analizar la inscripción de esta enfermedad en el espacio social barcelonés de los años 1930 y con este fin toma en cuenta las múltiples acepciones de la tuberculosis, entremezclando discursos de los médicos y vivencias de los pacientes.Con el descubrimiento del bacilo de Koch en 1882, el microbio se convierte en la única causa de la enfermedad lo cual supone una redefinición de la lucha antituberculosa, ahora directamente orientada hacia la eliminación del agente contagioso. Aun más que antes, la tuberculosis es entonces asociada al rincón polvoriento, al ambiente insalubre y el hacinamiento. En Barcelona entre 1929 y 1936 las autoridades catalanas se concentran en el establecimiento de una lucha preventiva que aspira a extirpar el germen de ciertas viviendas precisamente identificadas en la ciudad.La tuberculosis también es una enfermedad social que caracteriza a un grupo de individuos aislándolo del resto de la sociedad. Además de una reflexión sobre la construcción social de una categoría homogénea alrededor del denominador común que constituye el microbio, esa tesis tiene como objetivo realzar la realidad vivida por los individuos enfermos curados en los dispensarios, hospitales y sanatorios gratuitos, así como entender sus maneras de desenvolverse en el panorama social barcelonés en esa época. Así aparece que los tuberculosos suelen ser unos activos con una posición social precaria, vinculada a una menor integración en la ciudad, sin ser por lo tanto completamente aislados socialmente. Es la declaración de la enfermedad la que les hace “bascular” en un grupo de excluidos sociales asumidos como tales por las autoridades médicas.Pero, más que un identificador común, la tuberculosis es sobre todo una vivencia personal. El enfermo es un actor esencial de su enfermedad tanto como de su curación, y su recorrido muestra una práctica de la lucha que permite redefinir desde abajo las estructuras asistenciales y la lógica médica moderna tal como es evocada en los discursos. Por fin, los recorridos individuales de enfermos en Barcelona nublan sobre todo la percepción de una categoría unificada y homogénea, realzando las preocupaciones personales que se sobreponen a la exigencia de salud, o a la absoluta necesidad de prevenirse frente al germen, dejando ver visiones discrepantes de la lucha contra la enfermedad

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Nicholson, Laura. "The health, support needs, access to healthcare services and social exclusion of adults with intellectual disabilities living in rural areas : a rural-urban comparison." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3738/.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Almost all intellectual disabilities research is conducted in urban areas, and very little is known about the population of adults with intellectual disabilities living in rural areas. It is important to know whether there are significant rural-urban differences, in order to provide appropriate services and address inequalities. In particular, the general rural population is known to be disadvantaged with respect to access to healthcare and social exclusion. Adults with intellectual disabilities are also disadvantaged in these areas, and therefore adults with intellectual disabilities living in rural areas may have a double disadvantage. Method: A sample of adults with intellectual disabilities living in a rural area on the West Coast of Scotland participated in a face-to-face semi-structured interview; their medical notes were also accessed. Demographics, healthcare, access to services, daytime opportunities, access to community facilities, recent contact with others, the quality of personal relationships, and area deprivation by postcode were measured. Data were already available for a pre-existing urban sample. Data were analysed using direct comparison and binary logistic regression. Results: A representative sample of adults with intellectual disabilities from rural (n=39) and urban (n=633) areas were compared. There were no significant rural-urban differences over a wide range of variables including: age, gender, ethnicity, level of intellectual disabilities, mental ill health and common co-morbidities such as mobility, visual impairment, incontinence and epilepsy. Both direct comparison and binary logistic regression showed the rural sample to have had significantly more contact with primary (Odds Ratio = 4.02, 95% CI 1.56 -10.35, P = 0.004) and secondary health care (OR = 3.93, 95% CI = 1.81 – 8.55, P = 0.001.) Participants from rural areas were significantly more likely to have any regular daytime opportunity (Odds Ratio = 10.8, 95% CI = 2.3 – 51.5) including employment (OR = 22.1, 95% CI = 5.7 - 85.5) and attending resource centres (OR = 6.7, 95% CI = 2.6 – 17.2) than were participants from urban areas. They were also more likely to have been on holiday (OR = 17.8, 95% CI = 4.9 – 60.1); however, were less likely to use community facilities on a regular basis. Participants from urban and rural areas had a similar number of contacts with other people in a wide range of situations, but the quality of relationships may have been less close in rural areas. Finally, rural participants lived in significantly less deprived areas (Mann Whitney U = 7826, Z = -3.675, P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: There were no significant demographic and health differences between the rural and urban samples. The study was underpowered with respect to some of these findings, and some results may reflect a Type II error. Nevertheless this is an important negative finding. Contrary to original hypothesis, the rural sample was found to have better access to healthcare services, had better opportunities and lived in less deprived areas than adults with intellectual disabilities living in urban areas. However, the results suggest that the rural sample may not have held such positive or close relationships, and this may be important when considering the subjective experience of social exclusion. Additional qualitative sub-study: A qualitative sub-study investigated the difficulties experienced with recruitment to the original study. 10 semi-structured telephone interviews were held with professionals who had helped with recruitment. These were transcribed verbatim and anonymised, then analyzed using the Framework approach. A number of themes arose, including participant factors (interview anxiety, worry about negative feedback), the importance of the researcher (using a personal approach, meeting potential participants prior to recruitment) and motivators (enjoyment of the research interview (participant), obtaining a medical assessment (carer)). The themes were then used to generate strategies to improve recruitment to intellectual disabilities research: these include the research team applying a more personal approach, and considering motivators for both participants and carers. The findings of this study have implications in terms of both time and money. However, successful recruitment is essential to intellectual disabilities research, and the results can be used by intellectual disabilities researchers to review and improve their recruitment processes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Amador, Karina, and Natalie Salas. "MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES IN AN EXCLUSIVE LATINO COMMUNITY VERSUS A DIVERSE COMMUNITY." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/878.

Full text

Abstract:

This study examined whether Latino immigrants’ community environment influenced perceptions about the meaning of mental health and accessing mental health services. The two environments analyzed in were an exclusively Latino community (primarily Latino members) and a diverse community (composed of different ethnicities including Latinos). The research method used in this study was a qualitative survey design. A semi-structured interview guideline with questions on the meaning of mental health, mental health services access, and community norms on mental health was utilized with 24 respondents. Responses were then analyzed to find themes. Findings from this study found similarities as well as differences in the two groups in seeking mental health services. Differences were more commonly in the details of the responses rather than in the themes of the responses. The finding will help social workers, who provide a large percentage of mental health services, understand the individual, the barriers, and the importance of social environments in seeking mental health services.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Paine, Naomi. "Challenging what is known : A mixed method study of perceptions and experiences of social exclusion among the oldest old." Phd thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2021. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/14d3bafd35e7a3f522761e5da6839f2924cccb012823a742587f4f110f9891c2/5375441/Paine_2021_Challenging_what_is_known_a_mixed_%5BREDACTED%5D.pdf.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction People aged 80 and beyond constitute the fastest growing sector of the Australian population. Referred to as the ‘oldest old’, they are generally assumed to be most vulnerable to social exclusion, yet their voices are seldom studied. Although there is no consensus when it comes to a definition of social exclusion, nor measurement, or systematic collection of data, social exclusion is often conceptualised as a dynamic process by which individuals, groups and populations are prevented from realising their rights and opportunities for health and wellbeing (Popay et al., 2008). This thesis addresses a key gap in the literature, namely, to examine the context, causes, and consequences of social exclusion among the oldest old. Method Guided by the paradigm of constructivism, this thesis employed a critical gerontology theoretical framework and a mixed-methods research design (quantitative and qualitative). The first study was a cross-sectional analysis of a national data source (Housing, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia wave 16, n= 307) and examined whether individual- and neighbourhood-level characteristics were associated with perceived social exclusion, and whether these factors relate to health using ANOVA and multivariable linear regression. Measures of individual-level characteristics included household composition, housing tenure, annual equivalised income, country of birth, level of education, and disability status. The neighbourhood-level characteristic measured was neighbourhood area disadvantage. The social exclusion measures covered perceived unsupportive relationships, perceived neighbourhood exclusion and community disengagement, and were derived via Principal Components Analysis. The contribution of social exclusion to the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and health was examined using effect modification analysis. The qualitative study consisted of in-depth semi-structured interviews with a subgroup often missing in population surveys but singled out in the literature as being at risk of social exclusion: public housing residents who live alone. Purposive sampling, which included doorknocking, recruited 13 participants. Transcriptions of interviews were examined using thematic analysis. Findings based on the integration and interpretation of the quantitative and qualitative study are drawn together to offer new knowledge about social exclusion amongst the oldest old. Results Household composition, level of education and neighbourhood disadvantage were found to be associated with differing vulnerability and differing measures (domains) of social exclusion for men and women. Oldest old men who live alone (compared to those in multi-person households) were more likely to perceive themselves to be lacking in supportive relationships. For men, living in poorer neighbourhoods was associated with a heightened perception of feeling their neighbourhood was unsafe. Conversely, living alone for women was associated with higher levels of community engagement. For women, living in poorer neighbourhoods was associated with higher levels of neighbourhood cohesion. Both men and women with lower levels of education than their counterparts were more disengaged from their community. These associations remained significant after adjustment for sociodemographic factors. The second component of the quantitative study revealed limited evidence that individual- and neighbourhood characteristics influenced self-reported health. For men, higher income and disability status were significantly associated with poorer general health, and for women, living in a multi-person household and reporting a disability were significantly associated with poor general health. For both men and women, disability was the only factor found to be significantly associated with poorer mental health, suggesting that mental health was similar irrespective of household composition, housing tenure, income level, country of birth, education, and whether one lived in an advantaged or disadvantaged neighbourhood. There was limited evidence of the moderating effect of social exclusion on the relationship between individual- and neighbourhood characteristics and health. Contrary to expectations, it appeared that higher levels of social exclusion contributed to better health. For example: for women who were born in a country where English was not the native language, higher perceptions of neighbourhood exclusion (i.e. crime and noise) had a positive effect on mental health; and for women living in disadvantaged neighbourhoods increasing neighbourhood noise had a positive effect on general health. From the qualitative study, seven themes emerged from the interviews which seemed to have a protective effect on perceptions of non-social exclusion. These were sense of supportive relationships, sense of neighbourhood, sense of physical and mental health, sense of home and autonomy, life-course experiences, psychological beliefs and adaptations, and contributing to society. The qualitative interviews showed that lone dwelling oldest old living in public housing did not identify with social exclusion. Discussion and Conclusions A growing body of literature suggests that the oldest old, especially those from a disadvantaged background, are vulnerable to the poor health and wellbeing outcomes of social exclusion. The oldest old are underrepresented in social exclusion research. The integration of the mixed method findings via meta-inference provides new and deeper insight into the interrelationship and pathways between ageing and exclusion from participants own perceptions and lived experience. First, there was limited compelling evidence of social exclusion amongst vulnerable groups of oldest old. Second, some characteristics thought to increase vulnerability to social exclusion, such as living alone and lower socioeconomic position (e.g. public housing residents) appeared to reduce the likelihood that the oldest old perceived themselves to be socially excluded. Third, the findings point to the need for critical reflection on the definition and measurement of social exclusion, and researchers’ role in the propagation of ageist assumptions equating advanced age with social exclusion. The findings support a public health response that includes prevention and intervention. Prevention strategies addressing socioeconomic inequalities over the life-course, such as access to health, education, community care, housing and income security, are examples that could reduce oldest old social exclusion. Individual-level intervention strategies that foster social relationships also have potential. Recommendations for further research are to increase representation of the oldest old in social exclusion research and to explore life-course resilience - both of which are important for challenging current negative ageist stereotypes that equate old with exclusion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Oliveira, Reginaldo Pereira de. "Processos excludentes no espaço intra-urbano : condição de vida, saúde e redes sociais dos chefes de família desempregados Presidente Prudente-SP /." Presidente Prudente : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89807.

Full text

Abstract:

Orientador: Raul Borges Guimarães
Banca: Eliseu Savério Sposito
Banca: Marcelino de Andrade Gonçalves
Resumo: A presente dissertação tem como objetivo central a análise das redes de solidariedade e estratégias de sobrevivências das famílias moradoras de áreas de exclusão social da cidade de Presidente Prudente-SP. Para isto, procurou-se captar as características dos perfis de famílias com chefes desempregados e identificar os problemas sociais e as necessidades em saúde, no contexto do atual período técnico-científico e informacional. Torna-se impossível entender esta prática espacial denominada exclusão social se a considerarmos apenas como um recorte analítico da realidade. É por este motivo que fizemos uma geografia dos usos do território e das suas relações com a temática dos processos excludentes. Fez-se necessário, então, um método que entendesse o espaço geográfico enquanto um todo em movimento, na busca por uma compreensão das relações entre território e exclusão. Os estudos das redes sociais se mostraram como uma ferramenta de fundamental importância, tanto por suas potencialidades, quanto por suas limitações enquanto instrumento de representação do espaço geográfico. Nesta reflexão, alguns conceitos e autores aparecem com contribuições fundamentais, dentre eles o de território usado e solidariedades geográficas, desenvolvido por Milton Santos. Conclui-se que a exclusão social urbana é uma questão de caráter muito mais político que propriamente técnico, e que os processos excludentes em Presidente Prudente-SP são frutos dos usos corporativos do território e das escolhas históricas feitas por esta cidade e pela formação sócio-espacial na qual está inserida.
Abstract: The prime objective of this dissertation has the analysis of solidarity nets and strategies of survival of the living families of areas of social exclusion of the city of Presidente Prudente- SP. For this, it was looked for catching the characteristics of the profiles of families with dismissed heads and to identify to the social problems and the necessities in health, in the context of the current technician-scientific and informational period. It's impossible to understand this practical space called social exclusion if only to consider as an analytical clipping of the reality. It is for this reason that we made a kind of geography of the uses of the territory and its relations with the thematic of the exculpatory processes. It has been necessary, then, a method that understood the geographical space as a whole one in movement, in the search for an understanding of the relations between territory and exclusion. The studies of the social nets are a tool of basic importance, as much for its potentialities, how much for its limitations while instrument of representation of the geographical space. In this reflection, some concepts and authors appear with basic contributions, among them, one of used territory and geographic solidarities, developed for Milton Santos. It has been concluded that the that the urban social exclusion is a character question much more politician than properly technician, and that the exculpatory processes in Presidente Prudente-SP are somethings wich have their origins of the corporative uses of the territory and of the historical choices made by this city and the partner-space formation in which is inserted.
Mestre

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Zimmer, Fernanda. "Internação compulsória uma nova porta de entrada legal para o asilo." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6733.

Full text

Abstract:

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:41:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda Zimmer.pdf: 4615259 bytes, checksum: 92c0870e555fc314919fe9601e620293 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-16
Esta pesquisa analisa os processos e práticas de internação compulsória na Unidade de Curta Permanência do Hospital Adauto Botelho (a partir de 10 de maio de 2010, Hospital Estadual de Atenção Clínica HEAC), localizado em Cariacica município da Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória Espírito Santo/ Brasil. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido a partir de um recorte da experiência de trabalho, nos anos de 2007 a 2010. Problematiza os modos de funcionamento que insistem na produção de vidas enclausuradas e focalmente analisa as internações compulsórias, seus efeitos e as estratégias de enfrentamento ao uso deste mecanismo legal que judicializa a vida sob a lógica do biopoder. A pesquisa discute ainda os desafios atuais da Política Nacional de Saúde Mental, seus avanços e retrocessos, as movimentações da Luta Antimanicomial e da Reforma Psiquiátrica. A cartografia é utilizada como perspectiva metodológica. No percurso deste trabalho construiu-se uma postura cartográfica, que desejou acima de tudo viver as experiências do saber-fazer não estabelecido de antemão, e sim aquele saber que surge, que emerge de um fazer. A pesquisa resulta na construção de cinco relampejos/causos que enfocam a mistura de gentes, de diferentes gentes que resistem ao tempo, que não sucumbem a cronificação e atualizam a potência de um coletivo. Assim, constata-se que esta pesquisa/ intervenção pôde inaugurar diálogos, potencializar novos e insistentes encontros de conversações, disparando diferentes graus de visibilidade para o lugar do louco, da loucura na atualidade. Tenciona o campo da saúde mental via a internação compulsória e sua interface com a justiça. Inaugura a articulação da internação compulsória com a judicialização da saúde, e amplia este debate para a judicialização da vida. Enfatiza o uso/abuso do mecanismo da internação compulsória em suas facetas de contra reforma psiquiátrica, exclusão e confinamento perpétuo de pessoas.
This research analyzes the processes and practices of compulsory hospitalization in the Short Stay Unit at Hospital Adauto Botelho (from May 10th, 2010, Clinical Attention State Hospital - HEAC), located in Cariacica - municipality of Greater Vitória Metropolitan Region Espírito Santo/ Brazil. This study was developed from a work experience outline, from 2007 to 2010. It discusses the modes of operation that insist on the production of imprisoned lives and focally analyzes the periodic admissions, their effects and coping strategies to use this legal mechanism that judicializes life under the logic of biopower. The research still discusses the current challenges of Mental Health National Politics, their progress and retreats, Anti Asylum Fight progresses and the Psychiatric Reform. The cartography is used as methodological perspective. In the course of this work a cartographic posture was built, that pursued, above all, to live the experiences of know-doing not established beforehand, but the knowledge that appears, that emerges from doing. The research results in the building of five insights/causes that focus on the mixture of people, from different nations that resist the passing of time, that does not succumb to the chronicity and update the power of a collective. Thus, it is noted that this research/intervention could inaugurate dialogs, potentiate new and insistent talk meetings, providing different degrees of visibility about the madman, the madness of today. It tensions the field of mental health via the compulsory hospitalization and its interface with the justice. It inaugurates the articulation of compulsory hospitalization with the judicialization of health, and it extends this debate for the judicialization of life. It emphasizes the use/abuse of the mechanism of compulsory hospitalization in its facets of a counterpsychiatric reform, exclusion and perpetual confinement of people.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

El-hessi, Tagred, and Vildane Ismaili. "”Jag vill vara självförsörjande” : - En kvalitativ studie om unga vuxnas upplevelser av arbetslösheten." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, SA, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-24692.

Full text

Abstract:

This is a qualitative study with a hermeneutic and partially inductive approach. The study’s purpose is to enhance the understanding of young adults experiences of unemployment and the importance of being employed. In this study, eight young adults participate in the project Framtid Kronoberg. The youths are 19-25 years of age. A coach from the project was also involved and gave us his view of the project, its goals and objectives. Through all the interviewees statements regarding unemployment, it was confirmed that work has a significant impact on the identity of the elaboration and socialization. Knowing the community, to be useful to society and to earn their own money, are some of the important factors that can be accomplished by a employment. Young people experience work and activities as positive and developing. Being unemployed affects how individuals perceive themselves and their living situations. Young people who fall outside of the labor market has found difficulties to reengage themselves into work and society, and thus risking a life of alienation with bad economy and poor living conditions as a result.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Efrem, Micheline. "Vers une institutionnalisation du droit de l'aide et de l'action sociales au Liban à la lumière de l'expérience française." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020021/document.

Full text

Abstract:

L’exclusion sociale est aujourd’hui l’une des questions sociales majeures de nos sociétés, qu’elles soient développées ou en voie de développement.En France, le régime de l’aide et de l’action sociales a connu, au fil des temps, une évolution importante, aux niveaux juridique, administrative et financière, au terme de laquelle ce pays a pu assurer à toutes les personnes en situation d’exclusion une aide sociale destinée à répondre à leurs besoins primordiaux, et une action sociale visant à leur permettre d’améliorer ladite situation.Au Liban, l’aide et l’action sociales, règlementées par quelques textes éparpillés, demeurent jusqu’ici en grande partie l’oeuvre des associations caritatives et institutions religieuses, en l’absence de plan social adopté par l’État dans ce domaine.La présentation de l’expérience française, très riche en la matière, permet d’offrir de nouvelles perspectives en vue de la mise en place au Liban d’un régime socio-juridique d’aides et d’actions en faveur notamment de la famille, de l’enfance, des personnes handicapées, des personnes âgées dépendantes et d’autres. Grâce à l’institutionnalisation d’un droit de l’aide et de l’action sociales, le Liban pourrait ainsi évoluer vers un « État social », c’est-à-dire un État qui reconnaît et garantit des droits sociaux à chacun et à tous
Social exclusion is today one of the major social issues of our societies, whether developed or developing. In France, the system of social assistance and social action has, over time, undergone a significant evolution, at the juridical, administrative and financial levels, which has enabled it to ensure to all persons in situations of exclusion, social assistance to answer their primordial basic needs ; and social action to help them overcome the situation. In Lebanon, aid and social action, regulated by a few scattered texts, have so far largely been the work of charitable associations and religious institutions, in the absence of a social plan adopted by the State in this domain. The presentation of the French experience, very rich in the material and field, allow to offer new perspectives for the establishment in Lebanon of a socio-juridical regime and rule of aids and actions for the family, childhood, the disabled, dependent elderly, and others. Through the institutionalization of a social aid and social action law, Lebanon could evolve as a "Social State" that recognizes and guarantees social rights for everyone and for all

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Aguiar, Maria José Gomes de. "Moradores de rua na cidade do Guarujá/SP : condições de vida, saúde, emoções e riscos." Universidade Católica de Santos, 2014. http://biblioteca.unisantos.br:8181/handle/tede/861.

Full text

Abstract:

Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2015-04-07T13:39:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Jose Gomes de Aguiar.pdf: 2513350 bytes, checksum: 8b0a652caefd93f46679fdf28d7745ee (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-07T13:39:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Jose Gomes de Aguiar.pdf: 2513350 bytes, checksum: 8b0a652caefd93f46679fdf28d7745ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-26
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This study aimed to know the people on the streets, living conditions, health - disease and their access to public institutions providing health care. We chose the city of Guaruja, in Santos, for being one of the places of highest demand of this population. Its specific objectives: a) outline the profile of the homeless city of Guaruja - SP, according to age, education, work status, family structure and reason lies in the streets; b) Check for diagnosis of chronic and / or comorbidity and perceived health - disease of the homeless city of Guarujá - SP; c) Identify the means of access to and control of chronic disease comorbidities in places providing health services in the city of Guarujá - SP; d) assess the perception of risk and the impact of social stigma on the emotions of the homeless city of Guaruja - SP. Qualitative research was used in this work, because this approach works with a plethora of meanings, motives, aspirations, beliefs, values and attitudes acquired in the historical and social process that set of human phenomena are understood as part of social reality. The results confirmed male dominated, with low education leading them to provide informal jobs and low quality; most respondents have compromised to the point of interfering with their health conditions of survival feelings and emotions like fear sadness, longing and abandonment of the family were evident during this research. It was also noted in the reports attitudes of violence against this population by civil guards the city, which increases the risk experienced by those who only have the streets for shelter. The access to these health services is made primarily by the Emergency Unit and the Emergency PSUs when they are accompanied or referred to this service. The analysis and discussion of the results was performed from three angles: Axis 1: Living Conditions; Axis 2: Health, disease and access to health services; Axis 3 and discussed the representations of the homeless on health and disease. We conclude that the city of Guarujá, as well as many other Brazilian cities, still has a long way to go in serving the population. Has need to implement municipal social policies in accordance with the National Policy for the homeless population that recognizes their rights and guarantee the minimum conditions of citizenship.
Este trabalho buscou conhecer a população em situação de rua, suas condições de vida, de saúde - doença e o acesso destes às instituições públicas prestadoras de assistência à saúde. Escolhemos a cidade de Guarujá, na Baixada Santista, por ser um dos locais de maior procura dessa população. Teve como objetivos específicos: a) Delinear o perfil do morador de rua da cidade de Guarujá - SP, segundo idade, escolaridade, situação de trabalho, estrutura familiar e motivo pelo qual se encontra nas ruas; b) Verificar a existência de diagnóstico de doenças crônicas e/ou morbidades e a percepção de saúde - doença do morador de rua da cidade de Guarujá-SP; c) Identificar as formas de acesso para controle de doenças crônicas e morbidades nos locais de prestação de serviços de saúde na cidade de Guarujá-SP; d) Avaliar a percepção de risco e o impacto do estigma social nas emoções do morador de rua da cidade de Guarujá ¿ SP. Foi utilizada neste trabalho a pesquisa qualitativa, porque esta abordagem trabalha com o universo dos significados, dos motivos, aspirações, crenças, dos valores e atitudes, adquiridos no processo histórico social e esse conjunto de fenômenos humanos são compreendidos como parte da realidade social. Os resultados confirmaram predominância masculina, com baixa escolaridade levando-os a prestação de trabalhos informais e de baixa qualidade; a maioria dos entrevistados tem a saúde comprometida a ponto de interferir nas suas condições de sobrevivência sentimentos e emoções como medo tristeza, saudade e abandono dos familiares foram evidentes durante essa pesquisa. Também se observou nos relatos atitudes de violência praticadas contra essa população por parte de guardas civis do município, o que aumenta o risco vivenciado por quem só tem as ruas como abrigo. O acesso destes aos serviços de saúde é feito basicamente pelas Unidades de Urgência e emergência as UPA¿s, quando são acompanhados ou encaminhados para este serviço. A análise e discussão dos resultados foi efetuada a partir de três Eixos de Análise: Eixo 1: Condições de Vida; Eixo 2: Saúde, doença e acesso aos serviços de saúde; e no Eixo 3 foi discutido as representações do morador de rua sobre saúde e doença. Concluímos que a cidade do Guarujá, assim como tantas outras cidades brasileiras, ainda tem um longo caminho a percorrer no atendimento à população. É preciso implementar políticas sociais municipais de acordo com a Política Nacional para população em situação de rua que reconheça seus direitos e garanta as condições mínimas de cidadania.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Borhade, Anjali. "Challenges and possible solutions for ensuring health of urban migrants as a part of India's agenda for a sustainable urban growth story." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:65e3dec5-09ec-4b73-8ca8-3de451c15237.

Full text

Abstract:

Internal labour migration is an important livelihood strategy for poor groups worldwide. Aims and objectives This research aims to answer the question "What is appropriate policy framework to address the health needs of the Indian urban migrants?" The research analyses existing policies and compares policies in arrange of countries that have developed mechanisms to address migrant's health needs. Transferable lessons will be drawn to develop a policy framework to address health needs of Indian migrants. Recommendations to improve the health of urban migrants will be made. Methods The research involves a mixed methods approach - literature review, questionnaire survey, qualitative interviews and site visits to understand successes and challenges in the implementation of migration and health policies in India and other countries. A literature review was conducted to understand the impact of migration - its health outcomes and policies in India and abroad. A pre-tested, interviewer-administered questionnaire survey was conducted using random sampling with 4000 migrants in Nashik to understand their access to health care. In-depth interviews were conducted with policy makers in ministries including health and labour, migrant's organizations and international agencies in India, China, Philippines, Sri Lanka and Vietnam to understand the successes and challenges in the implementation of migration and health policies and learn from their experiences. Conclusions Internal migration is rising in India mainly from the scheduled tribes and castes. Lack of migration specific data, state specific programmes/policies linked with state citizenship and lack of federal structures are key challenges to meet the unique needs of Indian migrants. Lessons for India were learnt from other countries included initiating a migration census, introducing a national portable health insurance and a comprehensive 'whole government approach'. Recommendations were made to enable the government to facilitate appropriate policy to improve the health and status of the migrants.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Langlard, Gaetan. "Approche en santé mentale des SDF en lien avec leur type de prise en charge par le dispositif d'aide sociale." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR018.

Full text

Abstract:

En pleine extension, la population sans domicile fixe (SDF) est devenue une problématique sociétale majeure qui confronte le dispositif de veille sociale à son impuissance. L'objectif de cette recherche est de comprendre comment une frange de la population SDF parvient à entrer dans une dynamique d'insertion quand une autre se chronicise dans sa situation. Pour ce faire, trois groupes sont comparés: un groupe de 24 SDF fréquentant l'hébergement d'urgence, un groupe de 25 SDF inscrits dans une structure d'insertion et un groupe de 25 SDF, "chronicisés", accueillis dans une structure de stabilisation. Un entretien semi-directif est mené auprès de chaque participant, et sont administrées l'échelle d'anxiété et de dépression (Zigmond et Snaith, 1983) et l'échelle d'estime de soi de Rosenberg (1965). une adaptation a été nécessaire pour l'échelle de lieu de contrôle (IPAH-Jutras, 1987) et pour le Questionnaire de Soutien Social Perçu (Bruchon-Schweitzer et Quintard, 2001), également administrés. de nombreuses variables différencient significativement les groupes SDF. Ces résultats permettent d'établir des liens entre le type de prise en charge d'une part, la souffrance psychique, la qualité du lien social et la perturbation identitaire d'autre part. Totalement déstructurante pour les SDF, la situation d'hébergement d'urgence est source d'une intense souffrance psychique. Ayant préservé ce qui fonde leur identité, certains SDF parviennent à s'appuyer sur le lien social pour s'inscrire dans une dynamique d'insertion. A l'inverse, d'autres mettent en place des défenses psychiques et des stratégies de survie qui ont l'effet paradoxal de favoriser leur chronicisation tout en diminuant drastiquement leur souffrance. C'est en considérant la santé mentale des SDF et leurs stratégies d'adaptation que nous pourrons améliorer le dispositif afin que la prise en charge soit adaptée à cette population
The growing population of homeless has become a major social issue which forces the Social Watch to face its own inefficiency. The purpose of this study is to understand how a part of the homeless manages to achieve a process of social reintegration while another stays in a chronic state of homelessness. To do so, three groups have been compared: a group of 24 homeless people using the emergency center, a group of 25 homeless registered in a social reintegration center and a group of 25 homeless, in a "chronic state of homelessness", sheltered in a center of stabilization. A semi-structured interview is carried out with each participant. their are assessed on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Zigmond and Snaith, 1983) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1965). An adaptation is necessary for the Locus of Control Scale (IPAH - Jutras, 1987) and for the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (Bruchon-Schweitzer et Quintard, 2001), which are also used. Numerous variables clearly dissociate these groups of homeless people. The results show the link between the type of social care, mental suffering, the strength of the social link and the disruption of one'x identuty. Deeply destructive for homeless people, the emergency center's environment is a source of intense psychological sufferinf. Having preserved what shapes their identity, some homeless manage to rely on this social link to start a pocess of integration. On the contrary, others build psychological fences and strategies to survive that paradoxically reinforce their chronic homelessness while drastically reducing their sufferings. By taking homeless people's mental health into account and their strategies to adapt, we will be abl to improve our plan of action so that this population can be taken care of properly

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Gorgulho, Guilherme 1976. "Isolamento compulsório de hansenianos : o papel dos jornais paulistas na manutenção do degredo (1933-1967)." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270597.

Full text

Abstract:

Orientador: Germana Fernandes Barata
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T09:36:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gorgulho_Guilherme_M.pdf: 4859511 bytes, checksum: 5fb97b25ed97e089a196b5d00b53ec6e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: A endemia de hanseníase que atingiu o Estado de São Paulo nas primeiras décadas do século XX levou o governo paulista a optar pela política pública de internação compulsória dos doentes em asilos-colônia. Inspirada no modelo implantado na Noruega no final do século XIX, essa estratégia não foi resultado de consenso científico, mas de decisões do grupo político que galgou o poder a partir de 1930. Com poucas vozes dissonantes no meio acadêmico, a política isolacionista perseverou por cerca de quatro décadas em São Paulo com o apoio fundamental da imprensa e da sociedade. Esta pesquisa analisou como a imprensa paulista retratou o problema da endemia e a situação dos doentes internados compulsoriamente e como os jornais contribuíram para reforçar a manutenção da política sanitária. A hipótese que se coloca é a de que a mídia impressa se engajou na defesa dos interesses do governo estadual, apesar dos descontentamentos entre pacientes e das vozes divergentes dos cientistas. O estudo selecionou 199 textos dos jornais O Estado de S.Paulo, Folha da Noite, Folha da Manhã e Folha de S.Paulo, entre 1933 e 1967. Os métodos empregados foram análise de conteúdo quantitativa e qualitativa e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Ao longo do período estudado, 37% dos textos apoiaram a política de isolamento compulsório, enquanto apenas 16% foram contrários e 47% foram considerados neutros. Nas décadas de 1930 e 1940, a posição foi majoritariamente pró-internação obrigatória; nas décadas de 1950 e 1960, houve uma mudança de postura e os jornais começaram a publicar textos criticando a política profilática paulista. Defendendo a crença de que São Paulo cumpria no Brasil um papel de "grande potência", os jornais paulistas se mostraram comprometidos com as medidas de controle social que queriam excluir a parcela doente da sociedade. Até os anos 1950, as críticas ao modelo não tiveram espaço nos veículos de São Paulo, tendo sido publicadas principalmente na imprensa do Rio de Janeiro. A defesa da internação compulsória ou a omissão sobre os problemas vividos pelos doentes, principalmente na Era Vargas, ajudou a manter o status quo do sanitarismo de São Paulo. O apoio dos jornais à política de isolamento contribuiu para que o degredo dos doentes em São Paulo fosse extinto apenas em 1967, com cinco anos de atraso em relação à decisão federal
Abstract: The endemic leprosy that hit São Paulo state in the early decades of the twentieth century led the state government to opt for public policy of compulsory segregation of patients in asylums colonies. Inspired by the model implemented in Norway in the late nineteenth century, this strategy was not the result of scientific consensus, but the decisions of the political group that came to power in 1930. With few dissenting voices in academia, the isolationist policy persevered for about four decades in São Paulo with major support from the media and society. This research examined how the press portrayed the problem of São Paulo and the endemic situation of patients admitted compulsorily. It also examined how the newspapers contributed to strengthen the maintenance of health policy. The hypothesis is that the print media engaged in defending the interests of the state government, despite the dissatisfaction among patients and divergent voices of scientists. The study selected 199 texts of the newspapers O Estado de S.Paulo, Folha da Noite, Folha da Manhã and Folha de S.Paulo, between 1933 and 1967. The methods used were quantitative and qualitative analysis of content and semi-structured interviews. Throughout the study period, 37 percent of the texts supported the policy of compulsory isolation, while only 16 percent were opposed and 47 percent were neutral. In the 1930s and 1940s, the position was overwhelmingly pro-compulsory hospitalization. In the 1950s and 1960s, there was a change of posture and the newspapers began to publish texts criticizing the prophylactic policy from São Paulo state. The measures of social control wanted to exclude the diseased portion of society. The São Paulo newspapers were compromised with these measures arguing the belief that São Paulo fulfilled a role of "great power" in Brazil. Until the 1950s criticism to the model did not have space in these newspapers, having been published mainly in the press of Rio de Janeiro. The defense of compulsory segregation or the omission about the problems experienced by patients, mainly in the Vargas era, helped to maintain the status quo of health policy in São Paulo. With the support of the newspapers to the policy of compulsory segregation, this model of prophylaxis would be abolished in São Paulo only in 1967, with five years of delay compared to the federal decision
Mestrado
Divulgação Científica e Cultural
Mestre em Divulgação Científica e Cultural

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Zacarias, Tatiane Sano Furukawa. "Mortalidade materna no município de São Paulo, 2000 a 2008." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-12042013-103426/.

Full text

Abstract:

Introdução: A mortalidade materna é um grande problema de Saúde Pública no Brasil e no mundo. Atinge muitas mulheres e representa um indicador de pobreza e iniquidade social. Objetivo: Analisar as mortes maternas ocorridas no município de São Paulo em uma série histórica de 2000 a 2008. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, que analisou os óbitos maternos ocorridos em residentes do município de São Paulo entre os anos de 2000 a 2008. Foram utilizados dados das Declarações de Óbito e dos relatórios do Comitê de Mortalidade Materna. O mapa de exclusão/inclusão social e as áreas homogêneas dos 96 distritos administrativos foram utilizados como unidades de análise. Foram calculadas as razões de mortalidade materna, o percentual de subnotificação de causas maternas declaradas e fator de correção. Foram analisadas as causas que ocultavam os óbitos maternos. A análise de tendência da mortalidade para o município foi realizada por meio de modelos de regressão polinomial e a para análise de correlação utilizou-se o teste de correlação de Pearson. Foi considerado o nível de significância de 5 por cento (p<0,05). Para análise do preenchimento das variáveis 43 e 44, as Declarações de óbito foram localizadas no arquivo morto da Prefeitura Municipal. Resultados: Ocorreram 877 óbitos. A Razão de Mortalidade Materna (RMM) foi de 53,2 óbitos/100.000 Nascidos Vivos. A série histórica apresentou tendência decrescente estatisticamente significativa, com redução de 1,73 ao ano. As menores RMM foram encontradas nas áreas homogêneas de menor exclusão social, e as maiores, nas áreas de maior exclusão. As áreas mais excluídas apresentaram risco de morte materna aproximadamente três vezes maior que na área menos excluída. A correlação de Pearson revelou moderada correlação negativa entre a RMM e o índice de exclusão/inclusão global (-0,37), o índice de desenvolvimento humano (-0,40) e de autonomia (-0,36). As principais causas de morte materna foram as obstétricas indiretas. O percentual médio de subnotificação das causas maternas foi de 45,38 por cento, e o fator de correção médio foi 1,83. Destacou-se o grande percentual de causas mal definidas declaradas. Entre 2004 a 2006, 43,4 por cento das declarações apresentaram os campos 43 e 44 preenchidos corretamente. A maioria das declarações apresentou três diagnósticos informados. Conclusões: A RMM mostrou relação com as condições socioeconômicas. É necessário maior investimento em treinamentos para o correto preenchimento das Declarações de óbito. É necessário a implementação mais efetiva de ações de saúde voltadas para a mortalidade materna
Background: Maternal mortality is a big problem of public health in Brazil and in the world. Affects many women and is an indicator of poverty and social inequity. Objective: To analyse maternal deaths occurred in the city of São Paulo in a series from 2000 to 2008. Methods: Ecologic study, which analyzed maternal deaths that occurred among residents of city of São Paulo during the years 2000 to 2008. Data were used from deaths certificates and reports of the Committee on Maternal Mortality. The map of social inclusion/exclusion and homogeneous areas of the 96 districts were used as units of analysis. We calculated maternal mortality ratios, the percentage of underreporting of maternal causes and the correction factor. We analyzed the causes that hid maternal deaths. The analysis of trends in mortality for the city was conducted using polynomial regression models and for correlation analysis used the test of correlation of Pearson. It was considered the significance level of 5 per cent (p<0,05). For examination of completing the variables 43 and 44, the deaths certificates were located in the archive of the city. Results: There were 877 deaths. The Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) was 53,2/100.000 live births. The series showed trend decreasing statistically significant, with a decrease of 1,73 per year. The lower MMR were found in homogeneous areas with lower social exclusion and higher than areas with higher exclusion. Areas most excluded showed risk of maternal deaths about three times higher than in area less excluded. The correlation of Pearson showed moderate negative correlation between MMR and index inclusion/exclusion overall (-0,37), the index of human development (-0,40) and the index of autonomy (-0,36). The main causes of maternal deaths were obstetric indirect. The mean percentage of underreporting of maternal causes was 45,38 per cent , and the correction factor medium was 1,83. We emphasize the high percentage of illdefined causes declared. During 2004 and 2006, 43,4 per cent of the declarations presented fields 43 and 44 filled in correctly. Most declarations presented three diagnoses listed. Conclusion: The MMR showed relationship with socioeconomic conditions. It is necessary greater investment in training for correct completion of death certificates. It is necessary the implementation more effective heath actions to maternal mortality

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Karlberg, Olle, and Louise Morreau. "”Man kan springa ifrån det mesta men man kan aldrig springa ifrån sig själv… och själen kommer alltid ikapp en till sist” : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om äldres upplevelser av psykisk ohälsa." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-95757.

Full text

Abstract:

Studien syftade till att öka kunskapen om äldres syn på psykisk ohälsa utifrån frågeställningen: Hur upplever äldre psykisk ohälsa? Åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes (åldrar mellan 66–84, M=75,25) och analyserades utifrån tematisk analys. Fyra teman identifierades: Det är inte lätt att vara gammal, Ett harmoniskt åldrande, Det finns ju roligare saker att prata om och Man får nog bra vård om man väl kommer till. Resultaten visade att utanförskap till följd av ålder upplevdes påverka den psykiska hälsan negativt och att sociala sammanhang och en meningsfull tillvaro verkar hälsofrämjande. Vidare beskrevs en dubbelhet i attityder där en mer accepterande inställning till psykisk ohälsa utvecklats i samhället men att det fortfarande är skamfyllt för individen. Avslutningsvis beskrevs en kluvenhet till vård för psykisk ohälsa då den upplevs relevant men otillgänglig. Studien påvisar behovet av att tillgängliggöra resurser för äldres psykiska ohälsa samt att ta äldres föreställningar i beaktning i vårdprocessen.
The aim of the current study was to promote knowledge surrounding elders’ views on mental health, by employing the research question: How do elders perceive mental health? Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted (ages 66-84, M=75.25) and analyzed using thematic analysis. Four themes were identified: Hardships of being old, Harmonious aging, There are more amusing subjects and There’s good care once you get there. Results indicated an experience of age-related exclusion having negative effects on mental health, while social inclusion and a fulfilling everyday life promoted good health. Furthermore, split attitudes were expressed regarding mental health issues, where society has become increasingly accepting but the individual still may find it shameful. Finally, an ambivalence toward mental health care was discerned where it was perceived as necessary but inaccessible. The study highlights the need to allocate resources to mental health care for elders and to consider their perspectives in the caring process.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Santos, Regina Maria dos. "O Servi?o Social e a exclus?o/inclus?o social dos portadores de HIV/AIDS :demandas e desafios nos hospitais p?blicos." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2005. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17931.

Full text

Abstract:

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:46:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ReginaMS.pdf: 409220 bytes, checksum: c6f9646421097c008ad90d4ef3a9d5e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-07-22
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
This research presents the labors developed by the Social Service unto socially excluded HIV/Aids positives at public hospitals in Rio Grande do Norte (RN). It purposes to identify and to analyze the demands brought by the holder onto the Social Service professional as well as the challenges the latter face to minister to the former. It privileges, from the methodological viewpoint, the qualitative and quantitative analysis with the application of questionnaires, direct observation, semi-structured interviews and bibliographic references. Data were collected from 12 (twelve) social assistants who work at Giselda Trigueiro Hospital in Natal (7) and Rafael Fernandes Hospital in Mossor? (5). The central hypothesis that guided this study is that the social inclusion/exclusion process experienced by the HIV/Aids positive on society implies a demand for the Social Service that is inserted in the public health context (specially in HIV-referred public hospitals), whose agents, however, when attempting to answer those demands, meet obstacles due to both the precariousness of public health services and the social complexity that concerns the HIV/Aids epidemic. Results point out that, de facto, the HIV/Aids epidemic, because of the social exclusion/inclusion process to which the holder is subject results a demand for the social agents at hospitals. Demands rise principally from the patient s life condition, considering the increasing pauperization in the epidemic context. As to what it is concerned, social assistants, responding to the needs, come across concrete twofold challenges: the illness in itself, for all social, negative aspects that make part of quotidian life of holders; and the precarious state of the public health service in RN State, since that working conditions are unsatisfactory
A pesquisa apresenta o trabalho desenvolvido pelo Servi?o Social com os portadores de HIV/AIDS exclu?dos socialmente, nos hospitais p?blicos do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Objetiva identificar e analisar as demandas postas pelo portador ao profissional do Servi?o Social e os desafios que os mesmos enfrentam para atend?-las. Privilegia, do ponto de vista metodol?gico, a abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, com aplica??o de question?rios, observa??o direta, entrevistas semi-estruturadas e leitura bibliogr?fica. A coleta dos dados foi realizada com doze (12) Assistentes Sociais que trabalham nos Hospitais: Giselda Trigueiro, em Natal (7) e Rafael Fernandes, em Mossor? (5). A hip?tese central que orientou a pesquisa ? que o processo de exclus?o/inclus?o social vivenciado pelo portador de HIV/AIDS na sociedade resulta em demanda profissional para o Servi?o Social inserido na ?rea da sa?de p?blica, especificamente, nos hospitais p?blicos de refer?ncia no atendimento ao portador; e que, ao responder ?s demandas os profissionais enfrentam desafios, em raz?o da precariedade dos servi?os de sa?de e da complexidade social que envolve a epidemia do HIV/AIDS. Os resultados apontam que, de fato, a epidemia do HIV/AIDS, em raz?o do processo de exclus?o/inclus?o social ao qual est? subjugado o portador na sociedade, resulta em demanda para o assistente social nos hospitais. Estas se acentuam principalmente pela condi??o de vida do usu?rio, por causa da crescente pauperiza??o no contexto da epidemia. Nesse sentido, o assistente social, na tentativa de responder a essa demanda, encontram desafios concretos de duas naturezas: a doen?a em si, por todos os aspectos sociais negativos que fazem parte do cotidiano dos portadores; e a situa??o de precariedade em que se encontra o servi?o de sa?de p?blica no Estado do RN, uma vez que as condi??es de trabalho s?o insatisfat?rias

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Kwilu, Landundu Hubert. "Santé, précarité et VIH/SIDA à Kinshasa : sociologie de la maladie et de la prise en charge des patients en République Démocratique du Congo." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30030.

Full text

Abstract:

Cette thèse de sociologie s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une sociologie de la maladie et de prise en charge des patients du sida, elle vise à approfondir les notions de prise en charge des patients du sida par les associations à Kinshasa en RDC et celles des représentations sociales et culturelles des populations de cette ville sur le sida. Cette étude se veut qualitative dans la mesure où, elle cherche à appréhender les véritables raisons qui soutiennent l'existence des associations des malades du sida malgré les moyens précaires qu'elles disposent. Elle vise en outre, d'étudier les différents itinéraires que les malades empruntent pour se faire soigner. Enfin, cette étude veut placer la sociologie au cœur des analyses scientifiques sur la maladie, et particulièrement le sida
This study aims at shedding some light on the social realities of HIV/Aids that doctors and patients associations face, and on the patients' representations and beliefs in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. In order to do so; we bring an analysis of the different therapeutic trajectories of these patients confronted with difficulties due the lack of access to health care and proper medical information about their disease.Thus, the absence of a coherent health policy in a country with 70 billions of citizens,among whom 12 billions of them live in Kinshasa itself, constitutes an impediment for implementing different strategies in which social workers (doctors, associations, partners) try to against HIV/Aids.The health care system, supposed to help creating concrete actions in combating this disease, still remains not efficient enough and fails to assist patients.Given the wait see attitude of public authorities towards health, the economical crisis and the demography growth, Kinshasa has become place where the HIV/Aids contamination rate grows exponentially

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Ramel, Viviane. "Les technologies numériques en santé face aux inégalités sociales et territoriales : une sociologie de l’action publique comparée." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0053.

Full text

Abstract:

Les liens entre santé numérique et inégalités sociales et territoriales sont rarement étudiés. Sur ces deux marqueurs des systèmes de santé et sur le couplage numérique-inégalités, les politiques des systèmes de santé occidentaux ont encore moins fait l’objet d’étude, malgré les injonctions internationales à adopter des stratégies de « santé (et d’équité) dans toutes les politiques ». Cette thèse a étudié l’action des gouvernements et des autres acteurs impliqués sur ce couplage numérique-inégalités. Ancrée dans la recherche interventionnelle et en science politique, elle s’appuie sur une méthodologie principalement qualitative de sociologie de l’action publique. L’analyse comparée de l’action publique entre infra-territoires de quatre pays (France, Canada, Espagne et Angleterre), depuis 2015, repose sur l’étude documentaire (sources officielles et de parties prenantes) et sur des entretiens auprès d’acteurs clés des champs du numérique et des inégalités sociales de santé. La politique de numérisation de la santé s’est institutionnalisée à divers degrés, dans les quatre pays étudiés. En revanche, l’équité dans la santé numérique n’a pas été placée à l’agenda des priorités politiques, malgré le constat du potentiel de la santé numérique à accroître les inégalités d’accès, de compréhension et d’appropriation des TIC. Dans les quatre territoires, quand elle est (rarement) abordée, l’inclusion numérique l’est via une combinaison d’instruments et de groupes d’acteurs de divers forums qui coproduisent des interventions publiques sur le numérique, les inégalités et l’inclusion numérique. Chaque mode d’instrumentation de l’action publique varie selon les territoires et est affecté par les institutions locales existantes, les intérêts et les perceptions des acteurs à leur sujet. Cette thèse propose un cadre conceptuel pour l'action publique et la mise en œuvre des politiques en matière de santé numérique et d'équité dans quatre territoires. Elle a été conçue pour fournir des clés d’analyse de politiques dans d'autres contextes et pour suggérer des stratégies qui pourraient être mises en œuvre sur le terrain
The link between digital health and equity is seldom studied, even less are the policies which tackle both issues, and this despite governments being urged to implement health-and-equity-in-all-policies strategies. This thesis has studied whether and how governments and health systems’ stakeholders address this linkage. Specifically, this piece of population health interventional and political science research has been based upon a qualitative study design and comparative public policy analysis of territories from four countries (France, Canada, Spain & England) since 2015. Data were gathered from official and various stakeholders’ documents and through interviews with key stakeholders in e-health and health equity fields. Digital health policy has been institutionalized to varying degrees in the four so-called developed countries focussed on. However, equity in digital health issue has not been placed on the political agenda, although it is acknowledged that digital health use can increase social health inequalities (SHI), in terms of unfair access, use, understanding and adoption of technologies. In the four territories, when (rarely) dealt with, digital inclusion is tackled through a set of instruments, by actors involved in several fora which coproduce public interventions on digital health, SHI and digital inclusion. Each mode of instrumentation of public action is affected by previous local institutions, along with actors’ interests and preconceptions about the issues involved. Our study proposes a conceptual framework for public action and policy implementation as regards digital health and equity in four territories. This study has been designed to be useful for analyzing policies in other settings and for suggesting strategies that could be directly implemented in the field

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Dias, Maria Dionísia do Amaral. "A saúde de trabalhadores jovens como indicador psicossocial da dialética exclusão/inclusão: estudo de caso com jovens operárias em indústrias de confecção." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17204.

Full text

Abstract:

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:31:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Dionisia do Amaral Dias.pdf: 1536747 bytes, checksum: bdab9975783e6fb15639087507a739ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-14
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The present research, guided by the Social-historical Psychology developed by the Núcleo de Estudos Psicossociais da Dialética Exclusão/Inclusão (NEXIN Nucleus of Psychosocial Studies of the Exclusion/Inclusion Dialetics), aimed to analyze the interlacement among work, exclusion/inclusion and health through a case study with young workers from the garment industry in a city in the interior of São Paulo state. In order to do so, the objective conditions of work to which youths are submitted were mapped and a profile of common diseases of the city s working young population was drawn and, focusing the singularity, the study aimed at understanding the subjects history of the process health/disease, as well as their sufferings, dreams, desires, conception of themselves, social insertion and the sense that work and health acquire to them. Health is understood as potency to action, in an enlarged conception which incorporates the ethical and affective dimensions. In order to guide such conception, the study was based on Espinosa s reflections on happiness, joy and power and on Vygotsky s reflections about the adolescent s health. Health is an indicative of the quality of social insertion made possible by work, which means that the health/disease process is a concrete expression on the human body of the exclusion/inclusion process in which the individual is inserted. Health becomes an indicator of the ethical-political quality of the society and not only of the individuals' health condition. The youth s job became today a world-wide social subject, particularly due to the global reduction of workstations, which hinders the youths insertion in the work world. This situation constitutes a present social problem and worries population and governments everywhere, since it is a matter that can commit not only the future of individuals, but the future of societies. Therefore, forms of guaranteeing opportunities of access for youths to work are looked for. In this scenery, it was considered relevant to know the youths reality for those who are already inserted in the job market, relating this experience to the question of health and formation for their future, considering the importance of that phase of human development, in which the individual forms his conceptions about the world, about the society, about the people and about himself. The analysis of the data demonstrated that work, in a tayloristic system, is configured as a perverse inclusion, for when the youth needs conditions for the opening of horizons, of new conquests, to exercise his creativity and so live and apprehend the world, he has this transition process blocked by several social institutions, among which work and the connections it establishes with other institutions stand out
A presente pesquisa, orientada pela Psicologia Sócio-Histórica desenvolvida pelo Núcleo de Estudos Psicossociais da Dialética Exclusão/Inclusão (NEXIN), buscou analisar o entrelaçamento entre trabalho, exclusão/inclusão e saúde por meio de estudo de caso com jovens trabalhadoras de indústrias de confecção em uma cidade do interior paulista. Para tanto, mapearam-se as condições objetivas de trabalho a que as jovens estão submetidas e traçou-se um perfil de adoecimento da população jovem trabalhadora na cidade e, focando a singularidade, buscou-se compreender a história do processo saúde/doença dos sujeitos, bem como seus sofrimentos, sonhos, desejos, concepção de si, inserção social e sentido que o trabalho e a saúde adquirem para eles. A saúde é entendida como potência de ação, numa concepção ampliada que incorpora as dimensões ética e afetiva. Para orientar tal concepção baseia-se nas reflexões de Espinosa sobre felicidade, alegria e potência e de Vigotski sobre a saúde do adolescente. A saúde é indicador da qualidade de inserção social que o trabalho possibilita, o que significa que o processo saúde/doença é expressão concreta no corpo humano do processo de exclusão/inclusão no qual o indivíduo está inserido. A saúde torna-se um indicador da qualidade ético-política da sociedade e não só do estado de saúde de indivíduos. O emprego do jovem tornou-se hoje questão social mundial, particularmente em função da redução global de postos de trabalho, o que dificulta a inserção dos jovens no mundo do trabalho. Essa situação vem se configurando como um problema social da atualidade e preocupa a população e governos de todo o mundo, pois é uma questão que pode comprometer o futuro não só de indivíduos, mas das sociedades. Por isso, buscam-se formas de garantir oportunidades de acesso dos jovens ao trabalho. Neste cenário, considerou-se relevante conhecer a realidade dos jovens que já estão inseridos no mercado de trabalho, relacionando esta experiência às questões de saúde e de formação para seu futuro, considerando-se a importância dessa fase do desenvolvimento humano, em que o indivíduo forma suas concepções do mundo, da sociedade, das pessoas e de si mesmo. A análise dos dados demonstrou que o trabalho, num sistema taylorista, configura-se como uma inclusão perversa, pois no momento em que o jovem necessita condições para a abertura de horizontes, de novas conquistas, para exercer sua criatividade e assim viver e apreender o mundo, tem esse processo de transição bloqueado por diversas instituições da sociedade, entre as quais se destaca o trabalho e os nexos que ele estabelece com as demais

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Chevalier, Julie. "Vivre avec un chien. Étude en psychologie clinique de la relation à l'animal à partir des cliniques psychosociales et des effets du contre-transfert social. Proposition des concepts de compagnon de relation paradoxal et d'objet social de la rue." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR113.

Full text

Abstract:

Les personnes SDF et leurs chiens restent à la marge de la majorité des dispositifs sociaux et sont l’objet d’un contre-transfert social généralement négatif. L’objectif de ce travail est de comprendre pourquoi certaines personnes ont des chiens dans la rue. En s’appuyant sur un référentiel psychanalytique, cette recherche se fonde sur les discours d’acteurs rencontrés sur le terrain et sur des entretiens semi-directifs réalisés auprès de neuf SDF possédant au moins un chien, rencontrés au sein d’un CAARUD et d’un CHRS. Les entretiens ont été traités à l’aide de l’analyse de contenu (Bardin, 1977 ; Castarède, 1983) et d’une analyse clinique de cas (Castro, 2005 ; Pedinielli, 2005). Les résultats soulèvent un paradoxe. D’une part, le chien apparaît notamment comme un support d’étayage aux besoins du moi (Roussillon, 2008a); comme un objet de relation (Gimenez, 2002) et la relation à l’animal comme une voie d’accès à l’aire transitionnelle (Winnicott, 1971b) où œuvrent les processus d’identification projective normale et d’identification introjective (Bion, 1962, 1967). D’autre part, cette relation peut incarner une défense psychique contre une souffrance psychosociale et une stratégie de survie conduisant, paradoxalement, ces personnes à se suradapter à leurs conditions de vie délétères sans pouvoir le penser. Seules une véritable préoccupation sociétale et des prises en charges adaptées pourront soutenir le chien comme un moyen par lequel le sujet peut négocier sa souffrance psychique, son identité et développer sa subjectivité. Comprendre cette relation implique par ailleurs une approche en santé mentale, soucieuse des ressources du sujet et de son environnement
Homeless people and their dogs remain on the fringe of most social structures and are subject to a generally negative social counter-transference. This study aims at a better understanding of why some people living on the street have a dog. Within a psychoanalytical frame of reference, this research is based on speeches of actors encountered on the field and includes semi-directive interviews conducted on nine homeless people possessing at least one dog encountered in a CAARUD and a CHRS. A content analysis (Bardin, 1977; Castarède, 1983; Pedinielli, 2009) was conducted on all these interviews. The nine dog owners were each object of a clinical case study (Castro, 2005; Pedinielli, 2005; Schauder, 2012; Thurin, 2012). The results showed a paradox. On the one hand, the dog appeared as a way of supporting the needs of the ego (Roussillon, 2008a) and as an object of relation (Gimenez, 2002). Similarly the relationship with the animal appeared as a means of gaining access to the transitional area (Winnicott, 1971b) where processes of normal projective identification and introjective identification develop (Bion, 1962, 1967). On the other hand, this relationship may embody a psychic defense against psychosocial suffering and a survival strategy paradoxically leading these people to unconsciously over-adapt to their nefarious living conditions. Only real societal concern and appropriate care can support the dog as a way for the subject to become a real subject and for him a way to soothe the psychical pain and shore up his identity. Understanding this relationship also implies using a mental health approach, taking into account the resources of the subject and his environment

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Aktar, Kadira. "The association between exclusive breastfeeding and nutritional status among infants under six months of age in Bangladesh: A secondary analysis of Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2017-18." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446502.

Full text

Abstract:

Background Child undernutrition is a significant public health concern. Almost half of all deaths among children aged under five years are due to undernutrition globally. The risk of undernutrition remains high in many low and lower-middle-income countries, like Bangladesh. This study aimed at evaluating the association between exclusive breastfeeding practice and nutritional status such as stunting, wasting, and underweight among infants under six months of age in Bangladesh 2017-2018. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 917 mother-child paired. Data were carried out from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2017-18. To evaluate the associations, bivariate analysis by Pearson’s chi-squared test and binary logistic regression was performed. Results Of the 917 mother-child pairs, 64.2% of infants aged under six months were exclusively breastfed. Binary logistic regression showed no significant association between exclusive breastfeeding practice and stunting (p-value=0.088) and wasting (p-value=0.241). However, EBF was significantly associated with underweight (p-value=0.018) and exclusively breastfed children who were nutritionally better-off. Mothers who were practicing EBF were 36% less likely to have underweight children (OR adj 0.64; 95% CI: 0.45-0.93) compared to non-exclusively breastfed practice mothers. Conclusion The present study found no significant association between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting and wasting; however, underweight was significantly associated with EBF. Nutritional intervention initiatives should promote EBF practice for up to six months to improve child nutritional status.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Porto, Carla Lisboa [UNESP]. "Reinventando um lugar de exclusão: práticas, representações e sociabilidades de portadores do Mal de Hansen no Aimorés (Bauru, São Paulo, 1945 – 1969)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151819.

Full text

Abstract:

Submitted by CARLA LISBOA PORTO null (mrs.lisboa@gmail.com) on 2017-10-02T17:30:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLA LISBOA PORTO revisado.pdf: 4929345 bytes, checksum: 59c3192afbce06a5602894d588e0bc88 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-10-03T16:03:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 porto_cl_dr_assis.pdf: 4929345 bytes, checksum: 59c3192afbce06a5602894d588e0bc88 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-03T16:03:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 porto_cl_dr_assis.pdf: 4929345 bytes, checksum: 59c3192afbce06a5602894d588e0bc88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-11
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar as experiências de pessoas que viveram e trabalharam em um antigo leprosário no interior do estado de São Paulo e que criaram, a partir de redes de sociabilidade e solidariedade, diversas táticas de sobrevivência e resistência. O Departamento de Profilaxia da Lepra, criado em 1935 e extinto em 1967, foi o responsável pela política de isolamento praticada na rede de cinco asilos-colônias paulistas (dentre eles, o de Aimorés, em Bauru), assim como as normas disciplinares adotadas nessas instituições. Para proteger o restante da população de uma endemia de lepra (hanseníase), os doentes foram excluídos da sociedade e passaram a viver na instituição sob regras e códigos disciplinares bastante severos, principalmente, em relação ao controle dos usos do tempo e de seus corpos. O antigo asilo-colônia Aimorés tinha características de uma instituição total, regida por diferentes políticas públicas para combate à doença (do isolamento compulsório até a internação para tratamento, possível desde o fim da década de 1940). Embora houvesse, a partir de 1962, um decreto que determinava o fim dessa prática para com os portadores do mal de Hansen, o estado de São Paulo a manteria até 1967, quando houve a reestruturação da Secretaria de Saúde paulista. Diante desse cenário, como esses homens e mulheres agiram para lidar com a vida em confinamento e quais as alternativas encontradas por eles para suportarem uma liberdade vigiada? Como essas modificações repercutiram no modo de viver destas pessoas? Buscou-se, portanto, identificar de que maneira as redes de sociabilidade, formadas dentro de um espaço disciplinador, possibilitaram aos internados a execução de táticas de sobrevivência e resistência ao regime de isolamento e, até mesmo, a subversão dos códigos disciplinares que lhes foram impostos. Tais práticas são apresentadas a partir da análise das narrativas de ex–pacientes entrevistados, que contêm aspectos importantes sobre suas relações sociais e o cotidiano, por meio de suas memórias sobre o trabalho e as atividades de lazer e entretenimento. A data inicial da periodização contempla a primeira rebelião coletiva dos internados, ocorrida em 1945, até o impacto destas mudanças sobre as atividades da Caixa Beneficente. A entidade, que oferecia assistência aos internados para sua adaptação à vida intramuros, passaria, em 1969, a auxiliá-los para a readaptação, nem sempre bem-sucedida, da vida fora da instituição. Para compreender esse contexto (de criação da instituição e seu funcionamento), serão apresentadas também as políticas públicas adotadas para o combate à doença no período em questão, no estado, por meio de diversas fontes.
This research aims to investigate the experiences of people who lived and worked in a former Leprosy Home in the countryside of São Paulo state, and who developed, through sociability networks and solidarity, several tactics for survival and resistance. The Departamento de Profilaxia da Lepra (Leprosy Prophylaxis Department), created in 1935 and extinct in 1967, was responsible not only for the isolation policy deployed in five state leper colonies (including the one located in Bauru, called Aimorés) but also for all disciplinary laws and regulations implemented in the institutions. The patients were outcasted from society and started living in institutions under quite strict rules and regulations, to protect the population from an endemic situation of Leprosy, especially regarding their time and (free) use of their bodies. The “asilo – colônia Aimorés” (former Aimorés Home Colony) was recognized as a full function institution, ruled by different public policies for disease control (from mandatory isolation to treatment hospitalization, available since the end of the 1940s). Although a decree was signed in 1962 putting an end to this policy for all Leprosy patients, the state of São Paulo insisted on it until 1967, when the Health State Secretary went under a restructure. Considering this scenery, how did men and women deal with the confinement and what alternatives did they find to bear this probation? How these changes affected the way these people lived? Therefore, we are trying to identify how social networks formed in such strict environments allowed them to develop survival techniques and resistance to the isolation regime they were forced to, finding opportunities to subvert the disciplinary codes inflicted. Such tactics are presented after the analysis of interviews with former patients, detailing important aspects of their social relations and their routines, examining their memories about work, leisure, and entertainment. The first collective uprising in 1945 marks the beginning of this study and proceeds until the impact of these changes for the “Caixa Beneficente” activities. The institution would assist patients and their adaptation in the Home Colonies, but in 1969 it started to offer support for life outside these walls, though not always successful. To understand this context (from the creation of the institution and its operation), we’ll detail the public policies regarding the fight against the disease in the state, in the period mentioned, through several sources.
FAPESP: 2013/16028-1

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Cortes, Antoine. "Une vision socialiste de la politique contemporaine de santé : la couverture maladie universelle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1095.

Full text

Abstract:

La loi du 27 juillet 1999 portant création de la couverture maladie universelle est intervenue dans le cadre d'une politique générale de lutte contre l'exclusion. Afin d'améliorer l'accès aux soins d'un nombre croissant de personnes pauvres, les socialistes ont élaboré un dispositif comportant deux volets. Le premier volet visait la généralisation de l'assurance maladie, en permettant l'affiliation au régime général sur un critère subsidiaire de résidence. Le second volet avait pour ambition d'offrir une couverture santé complémentaire, aux millions de personnes qui n'en bénéficiaient pas. Cette prestation étant soumise au respect d'une condition de résidence et d'une condition de ressources. L'ensemble du dispositif instauré par la loi CMU s'est substitué à l'aide médicale départementale et à l'assurance personnelle. L'ampleur des inégalités de santé, touchant en premier lieu les individus les plus pauvres et les plus isolés de la société, a conduit au bon accueil général de la loi CMU. Cependant, bien que considérée comme une grande loi de santé publique, certaines mesures ont été le théâtre de débats et d'oppositions, tant sur la scène politique que dans la société. Cela a été le cas concernant l'effet de seuil induit par l'instauration d'un plafond de ressources, le risque de déresponsabilisation des bénéficiaires ayant accès gratuitement au dispositif, les règles de financement essentiellement basées sur des taxes et contributions publiques, le choix d'une gestion partenariale entre sécurité sociale et partenaires privés, ou encore concernant la réticence d'une minorité de professionnels de santé à l'égard du dispositif
The law of the bearing July 27th, 1999 creation of the universal health coverage intervened within the framework of a general policy of fight against exclusion. In order to improve the access to the care of a growing number of poor people, the Socialists worked out a device comprising two facets. The first facet aimed at the generalization of the health insurance, by allowing the affiliation the general scheme on a subsidiary criterion of residence. The second facet had as an ambition to offer a complementary coverage health, to the million people who did not profit from it. This service being subjected to the respect of a condition of residence and a condition of resources. The whole of the device founded by law CMU replaced for the departmental medical assistance and the personal insurance. The extent of the inequalities of health, concerning initially the poorest individuals and most isolated from the society, led to general warm welcome of law CMU. However, although regarded as a great law of public health, certain measurements were the theatre of debates and oppositions, as well on the political scene as in the society. That in particular was the case concerning the effect of threshold induced by the introduction of a ceiling of resources, the risk of deresponsabilisation of the recipients having access free to the device, rules of financing primarily based on public taxes and contributions, the choice of a partnership management between social security and private partners with in particular the organizations of complementary health, or concerning the reserve of a minority of health professionals with regard to the device leading to refusal of care

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Lagercrantz, All Katarina. "Delaktighet- och lärprocesser i en yrkesutbildning : En studie av vuxna elevers erfarenheter av vård- och omsorgsutbildningen inom Komvux." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik och didaktik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-136796.

Full text

Abstract:

Numerous research on the development of knowledge and skills within health and social care has been undertaken; however, it can be argued that there is a need to understand the connection between inclusion and the development in knowledge and experience. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore students’ experiences of the health and social care adult- education program, and participation and learning processes it represents. The program is considered the formal route to acquire a position as a nursing assistant or health care assistant. Furthermore, the program can be seen as a combination of vocational training, and a measure to reduce unemployment. This empirical study is based on 15 in- depth interviews with students in the health and social care adult-education. These interviews are using a hermeneutic interpretation method, and draw on Lave and Wenger`s theory of learning. In addition to sociocultural theory according to Säljö. Findings indicate that the adult-education program in health and social care is not only a training process, but also a participation process. For the students, it is about gaining participation in the professional community, in Swedish society, and also about an existential safety in a social context. In order to gain participation, intellectual and physical artifacts, as well as personal qualities, are a prerequisite. Despite these requirements, and the challenges students face, the findings reveal that most students continue their studies. This finding leads to the idea that health and social care can be understood a discipline of inclusion. These findings assist the health and social care field in understanding the connection between said artifacts for inclusion in working life and society; in addition, that such programs should be understood from a wider perspective and viewed in relation to the tension between three educational projects: the students` individual project, the program organizer’s project and the national, societal education project.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Gómez, Garmendia Jon. "Exclusión farmacéutica: un análisis criminológico sobre el caso de la hepatitis C en Galicia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673286.

Full text

Abstract:

Con la pandemia de la COVID-19 la cuestión del Derecho al Acceso a Medicamentos Esenciales (DAME) ha adquirido protagonismo. Un asunto que, sobre todo, se ha convertido en objeto de debate con la inequidad mundial en la accesibilidad a las vacunas o la no suspensión de las patentes que las protegen. No obstante, este trabajo fue iniciado antes de la pandemia y refleja, en parte, que el problema ya venía de antes. Así, esta investigación tuvo como objeto uno de los problemas relativos a la no garantía del DAME: la exclusión farmacéutica. Un proceso amplio y multidimensional que implica barreras en el acceso a medicamentos y es, en parte, el resultado de la acción u omisión de entidades e instituciones que tienen responsabilidades en la garantía del DAME. La finalidad del trabajo consistió en conocer y profundizar cómo se produce este daño. Una tarea que, para ello, tuvo como objeto de estudio los sucesos acontecidos en Galicia en torno al no acceso al Sovaldi de las personas afectadas por hepatitis C y la lucha realizada por la Plataforma Galega de Afectad@s pola Hepatite C (PGAHC). Unas historias y experiencias que a través de las entrevistas reflejaron que desde el punto de vista criminológico podríamos decir que nos encontramos ante una injusticia o violencia estructural y que el deterioro del sistema sanitario (incluidos los recortes del gasto público) y la situación de monopolio de la Industria Farmacéutica (sobre todo, para fijar los precios de los medicamentos) fomentan este tipo de problemas. Unos problemas que, en definitiva, son un reflejo más del conflicto que existe entre el capital y la vida y dejan constancia sobre la necesidad de ampliar los campos de estudio de la criminología, la importancia de mirar desde la sostenibilidad a la vida y el necesario espíritu crítico sobre el presente y el futuro en relación con el DAME y las consecuencias que traerá la pandemia.
With the COVID-19 pandemic, the issue of the Right of Access to Essential Medicines (RAME) has gained prominence. An issue that, above all, has become the subject of debate with the global inequity in accessibility to vaccines or the failure to suspend the patents that protect them. However, this work was initiated before the pandemic and reflects, in part, that the problem already existed before. Thus, this research focused on one of the problems related to the non-guarantee of the RAME: pharmaceutical exclusion. A broad and multidimensional process that involves barriers to access to medicines and is, in part, the result of the action or omission of entities and institutions that have responsibilities in guaranteeing the RAME. The purpose of the study was to learn more about how this harm occurs. A task that, for this purpose, had as an object of study the events that took place in Galicia regarding the non-access to Sovaldi for people affected by hepatitis C and the struggle carried out by the Plataforma Galega de Afectad@s pola Hepatite C (PGAHC). Some stories and experiences that through the interviews reflected that from a criminological point of view we could say that we are facing a structural injustice or violence and that the deterioration of the health system (including cuts in public spending) and the monopoly situation of the pharmaceutical industry (specially to set the prices of medicines) encourage such problems. Problems that, in short, reflect the conflict between capital and life and leave evidence of the need to expand the fields of study of criminology, the importance of looking from sustainability to life and the necessary critical spirit about the present and the future in relation to the DAME and the consequences that the pandemic will bring.
Amb la pandèmia de la COVID-19 la qüestió del Dret a l'Accés a Medicaments Essencials (DAME) ha adquirit protagonisme. Un assumpte que, sobretot, s'ha convertit amb objecte de debat amb la iniquitat mundial en l'accessibilitat a les vacunes o la no suspensió de les patents que les protegeixen. Tanmateix, aquest treball va ser iniciat abans de la pandèmia i reflexa, en part, que el problema ja venia d'abans. Així, aquesta investigació va tenir com objecte un dels problemes relatius a la no garantia del DAME: l'exclusió farmacèutica. Un procés ampli i multidimensional que implica barreres en l'accés a medicaments i és, en part, el resultat de l'acció o omissió d'entitats i institucions que tenen responsabilitats en la garantia del DAME. La finalitat d'aquest treball va consistir a conèixer i profunditzar com es produeix aquest dany. Una tasca que va tenir com objecte d'estudi els successos que van tenir lloc a Galícia amb relació al no accés de Sovaldi a les persones afectades per l'hepatitis C i la lluita realitzada per la Plataforma Galega de Afectad@s pola Hepatite C (PGAHC). Unes històries i experiències que, a través de les entrevistes, reflectiren que des de el punt de vista criminològic podríem dir que ens trobem davant d'una injustícia o violència estructural i que el deteriorament del sistema sanitari (incloses les retallades de la despesa pública) i la solució del monopoli de la Indústria farmacèutica (sobretot per fixar els preus dels medicaments) fomenten aquests tipus de problemes. Uns problemes que, en definitiva, són un reflex més del conflicte que existeix entre el capital i la vida i deixen constància sobre la necessitat d'ampliar els camps d'estudi de la criminologia, la importància de mirar des de la sostenibilitat a la vida i la necessitat d'un esperit crític sobre el present i el futur en relació amb el DAME i les conseqüències que esdevindran arran de la pandèmia.
Coa pandemia da COVID-19 gañou protagonismo a cuestión do Dereito ao Acceso a Medicamentos Esenciais (DAME). Unha cuestión que, sobre todo, converteuse en obxecto de debate coa desigualdade mundial na accesibilidade das vacinas ou a non suspensión das patentes que as protexen. Non obstante, este traballo iniciouse antes da pandemia e reflicte, en parte, que o problema xa viña de antes. Así, esta investigación tivo como obxecto un dos problemas relacionados coa non garantía do DAME: a exclusión farmacéutica. Un proceso amplo e multidimensional que implica barreiras no acceso a medicamentos e é, en parte, o resultado da acción ou omisión de entidades e institucións que teñen responsabilidades en garantir o DAME. A finalidade do traballo consistiu en coñecer e afondar en como se producen estes danos. Unha tarefa que, para iso, tivo como obxecto de estudo os sucesos acontecidos en Galicia arredor da falta de acceso ao Sovaldi por parte das persoas afectadas pola hepatite C e a loita levada a cabo pola Plataforma Galega de Afectad@s pola Hepatite C (PGAHC). Unhas historias e experiencias que a través das entrevistas reflectiron que desde o punto de vista criminolóxico poderiamos dicir que estamos ante unha inxustiza ou violencia estrutural e que o deterioro do sistema sanitario (incluídos os recortes no gasto público) e a situación de monopolio da Industria Farmacéutica (sobre todo, para fixar os prezos dos medicamentos) promove este tipo de problemas. Uns problemas que, en definitiva, son un reflexo máis do conflito que existe entre o capital e a vida e amosan a necesidade de ampliar os campos de estudo da criminoloxía, a importancia de mirar desde a sostibilidade á vida e o necesario espírito crítico sobre o presente e o futuro en relación co DAME e as consecuencias que traerá a pandemia.
COVID-19 pandemiarekin Oinarrizko Sendagaiak Eskuratzeko Eskubidearen (OSEE) auziak protagonismoa hartu du. Gai hori eztabaidagai bihurtu da, batez ere, mundu mailan txertoekiko dagoen eskuragarritasun urria eta horiek babesten dituzten patenteen etete eza dela eta. Hala ere, pandemia baino lehen hasi zen lan honek, neurri batean, arazoa lehenagotik zetorrela islatzen du. Hala, ikerketa honen aztergaia OSEEren berme ezari buruzko arazoetako bat izan zen: bazterketa farmazeutikoa. Prozesu zabal eta multidimentsional bat, sendagaiak eskuratzeko oztopoak dakartzana eta, neurri batean, OSEEren bermean erantzukizunak dituzten erakunde eta instituzioen ekintzaren edo omisioaren emaitza dena. Honela, lanaren helburua kaltea nola gertatzen den ezagutzea eta sakontzea izan zen. Horretarako, Galizian C hepatitisak jotako pertsonek Sovaldia eskuragarri ez izateari eta Plataforma Galega de Afectad@s pola Hepatite C- ek (PGAHC) egindako borrokari buruz gertatutakoak aztertu ziren. Elkarrizketen bidez, historia eta esperientzia horiek ikuspegi kriminologikotik injustizia edo egiturazko indarkeria baten aurrean gaudela eta osasun-sistemaren narriadurak (gastu publikoaren murrizketak barne) eta farmazia-industriaren monopolio egoerak (batez ere, botiken prezioak finkatzeko) horrelako arazoak sustatzen dituztela erakutsi zuten. Azken batean, arazo horiek kapitalaren eta bizitzaren artean dagoen gatazkaren beste isla bat dira, eta agerian uzten dute kriminologiaren azterketa-eremuak zabaltzeko beharra, iraunkortasunetik bizitzara begiratzearen garrantzia eta OSEE delakoari eta pandemiak ekarriko dituen ondorioei dagokionez, orainari eta etorkizunari buruzko espiritu kritikoa sustatzeko beharra.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Creech, Ryan S. "Social Media, Social Exclusion, and Narcissism." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1437385385.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Oliveira, Sandra Costa de. "Promoção da saúde, mobilidade sustentável e cidadã: casos de escolares do município de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6140/tde-15082018-143233/.

Full text

Abstract:

A abordagem sobre Mobilidade Urbana se deu sobre um conceito mais sustentável que leve a mudanças de hábitos em relação ao uso racional do automóvel essenciais para a Promoção da Saúde. Propostas como deslocamento ativo (andar a pé, de bicicleta e outros) foram aqui discutidas. Os congestionamentos causados pelo excesso de veículos nas ruas levam ao stress, a poluição do ar, a violência no trânsito e isso tudo acaba interferindo nos deslocamentos das pessoas e das crianças em idade escolar, nossa população de estudo. Analisar as vivências de crianças na faixa etária de 11 a 14 anos, que frequentam o Ensino Fundamental no município de São Paulo sobre mobilidade casa/escola/casa e outras atividades considerando as desigualdades sociais existentes entre os territórios da cidade foi nosso objetivo geral. A Pesquisa foi qualitativa e quantitativa, de caráter exploratório. A pesquisa incluiu no processo metodológico, a análise documental das Políticas de Mobilidade Urbana no âmbito Nacional, Estadual e Internacional e a aplicação de questionário, via tablet para os escolares além de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com questões abertas, com assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido assinado pelos entrevistados técnicos (gestores) que trabalham nas áreas de Mobilidade Urbana, Planejamento Urbano, Transporte e Trânsito da cidade de São Paulo, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética. A interpretação do material coletado seguiu os ensinamentos da \"análise de conteúdo de Bardin\". Resultados obtidos mostraram que a maiorias das crianças se deslocam a pé para escola, apesar dos perigos encontrados no caminho, independente do índice de maior exclusão/menor exclusão. Algumas utilizam vans escolares da Prefeitura ou Particular, mas relataram que gostaria de fazer o trajeto a pé para conversar com os amigos. Algumas crianças disseram ter sofrido assédio por estranhos no caminho casa/escola/casa. A Política de Mobilidade Urbana da cidade São Paulo pareceu frágil em alguns aspectos na opinião dos entrevistados que sugeriram algumas mudanças. Conclui-se que existe a necessidade de Políticas e Programas de Mobilidade Urbana para crianças em idade escolar, uma vez que a política atual não contempla essas ações diretamente. Parcerias com Governos (Federal, Estadual e Municipal) são necessárias para construção dessas políticas e implementação de modelos de gestão. A participação da população nesse processo é de grande importância.
The approach on urban mobility was based on a more sustainable concept that may lead to changes in mobility habits and rational car usage, which are essential to health promotion. Some proposals that include active displacement (walking, cycling and others) were discussed. Traffic jams caused by the increased number of vehicles on the streets lead to stress, air pollution, and violence. These factors may interfere in the displacement of the general population and school-age children. Our main objective was to analyze the experiences of children, between the ages of 11 and 14 years, attending an elementary school in the city of São Paulo, on home-to-school-to-home transport and other activities, considering the socio-territorial inequality. This is a qualitative and quantitative research. Document analysis was made of the national, state and international urban mobility policies. The school-age children responded to questionnaires via tablet. Semi-structured interviews were administered to managers in charge of urban mobility and planning, transport and road traffic of the city of São Paulo, who provided a signed informed consent after approval by the Research Ethics Committee. Data analyses were based on content analysis proposed by Bardin. The results showed that most children went to school on foot and only a few were transported by public or private school minivans. The urban mobility policy of the city of Sao Paulo seemed inefficient in some respects, according to the respondents, who also suggested some changes. It is concluded that there is a need for urban mobility policies and programs for school-age children since the current policy does not cover these issues. Partnerships with the federal, state and local authorities are required to establish such policies and to implement management models. The participation of the population in this process is of utmost importance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Schuepfer, Kurt J. "Social Exclusion and Processing Styles." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1421163221.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Naderi, Iman. "Social Exclusion and Green Consumption." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500062/.

Full text

Abstract:

Social exclusion has garnered much attention from researchers across the social sciences, especially among social psychologists. However, given the fact that social relationships and consumption are two of the central activities in daily life, there is surprisingly little research on the impact of social connection threats within the realm of consumer behavior. This study examines the effect of social exclusion on proenvironmental behavior and green consumption. More precisely, the objectives of this study are threefold. The first objective is to examine whether the findings in social psychology literature on how excluded individuals respond to exclusion when they are exposed to proenvironmental consumption behavior. The second objective of this research is to find the underlying mechanism and to rule out some of the possible explanations (e.g., mood) for this effect. The final objective of this study is to establish some of the boundary conditions (individual differences and situational factors) for the proposed effect. The hypotheses of this study were developed based on two main theoretical bases borrowed from social psychology literature: empathy-altruism hypothesis (Batson 1991) and social reconnection hypothesis (Maner et al. 2007). Overall, it was proposed that while social exclusion decreases individuals’ inclination to engage in proenvironmental activities, socially excluded people are motivated to use green consumption behaviors to establish new social bonds with others. These propositions were tested and supported across four experiments. Across these experiments, the findings demonstrated that social exclusion causes people to express lower tendency to engage in proenvironmental behaviors. The findings also consistently suggest that mood does not explain why social rejection leads to negative environmental outcomes. Additionally, social exclusion appears to cause a temporary absence of empathic concern toward others, which leads to less green behavior with altruistic motivation. Further, the role of emotional empathy as a boundary condition was tested in this study and the findings indicate that experiencing social exclusion does not negatively impact proenvironmental behavior in highly empathetic individuals. Finally, this investigation showed that when a proenvironmental behavior is perceived as an opportunity to reconnect and positive social feedback is expected from peers, socially excluded participants favor products that signal to their peers that they too are concerned about environmental issues. In addition to its contributions to consumer research and marketing, this work provides several practical implications. For instance, as established in this study, green products by default are not perceived by excluded individuals as tools that facilitate social reconnection. However, when such products are positioned properly, such individuals tend to capitalize on the social acceptability of their behavior to help them fulfill their threatened need for affiliation. The implication here is that marketers should attempt to customize their promotional strategies accordingly and direct the consumer’s attention to this covert benefit of green products.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Kitchens, Michael Brandon. "Emotional and social consequences of reappraising social exclusion /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2007. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1453180351&SrchMode=1&sid=4&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1218831117&clientId=22256.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Greene, Saara. "Young mothers, social exclusion and citizenship." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24645.

Full text

Abstract:

With the development of the Social Inclusion Unit, the 1997 New Labour government committed themselves to a process of reintegrating and increasing the participation of marginalised groups within mainstream society. A major development produced by the unit has been their ‘Report on Teenage Pregnancy’ (1999a) reflecting a political and social agenda aimed at decreasing teenage conceptions and pregnancies. One way that the government has attempted to achieve these goals has been through disseminating social and political discourse outlining the social problems associated with teenage pregnancy and young motherhood. This has resulted in the development of social policies and programmes aimed at decreasing teenage pregnancy and encouraging young mothers to access social welfare programmes that will increase their participation in the labour market. However, as this study will demonstrate, by focusing mainly on labour market participation as the route to inclusion, New Labour has systematically ignored other barriers to social inclusion that are experienced by young mothers such as their age, gender and race, and a lack of recognition of their working-class culture. Another main aim of this study is to demonstrate how young mothers’ experiences of social exclusion are intensified through New Labour’s view of active citizenship, which emphasises participation in the labour market, education, training programmes, and volunteerism. However, as this study will argue, the young mothers who participated in this study regularly engaged in the responsibilities associated with active citizenship through fulfilling the responsibilities associated with mothering and participating in community based activities and politics that are connected to the welfare of their children. Yet, because the responsibilities and duties associated with mothering are rarely, if ever, associated with active citizenship, young mothers remain excluded from experiencing substantive citizenship status. It will be also argued that because young motherhood is viewed as a social problem, young mothers often carry out their mothering in the public sphere under the gaze of social work and other human service professionals. This points to a contradiction inherent in liberal notions of citizenship that suggest that although the raising of children is a duty worthy of social and political attention, young motherhood fails to be viewed as an activity associated with citizenship. Through juxtaposing social inclusion strategies and programme with in-depth interviews and participant observation sessions with twenty young mothers from a socially deprived community in Scotland, this study will demonstrate how government strategies have failed to recognise the various factors associated with becoming a young mother, and the ways in which the activities associated with young motherhood demonstrate acts of citizenship. As such, this study will argue that young mothers’ experiences of social exclusion may be exacerbated rather than alleviated by New Labour’s social exclusion policies and programmes and their view of what it means to be an active citizen.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Riddiford, Martha. "Social exclusion from early medieval Wessex." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3657/.

Full text

Abstract:

Over the past twenty years Anglo-Saxonists have become increasingly interested in the mechanisms and processes through which West Saxon society was formed into a cohesive and coherent whole. They have focused on the ways in which kings and other figures of authority used their power in attempts to bring their subjects together by providing them with a sense of shared identity, purpose and ambitions. To date, however, academics have failed to recognise the important role that exclusion played in this process and this thesis serves to redress this balance. By examining the types of individuals that were excluded from full membership ofearly medieval West Saxon society and the reasons for their exclusion, it offers a new way of exploring the processes that made this society self-consciously more coherent. The thesis is structured thematically around five separate categories ofpeople who each in their own way experienced some form of social exclusion from the kingdom of Wessex during the seventh to late-tenth centuries, but focusing most heavily on the ninth and tenth centuries. Chapter one explores the concept of social exclusion as voluntary exile, entailing an investigation into the motivations that prompted Anglo-Saxon missionaries and pilgrims to leave behind their homes and kin. Most importantly, this chapter surveys the networks of support that such travellers exploited in order to help them survive as aliens in foreign territories. The next two chapters investigate types of individuals who were excluded as a result of an action or behaviour that was deemed unacceptable by the rest of their society. Chapter two considers the evidence relating to outlawry and excommunication and chapter three takes a broader view of the idea of deviancy and looks at how Anglo-Saxon criminals were brought to justice and punished for their unlawful behaviour. The final two chapters explore the potential for understanding the concept of social exclusion as 'social disadvantage'. Chapter four examines slavery and, most importantly, draws attention to the privileges and rights from which Anglo-Saxon slaves were excluded on account of their status as the legally 'unfree'. The fifth and final chapter considers in detail Anglo-Saxon attitudes to the body in order fully to appreciate the disadvantages that could be caused by bodily ailments; it questions whether or not impaired and disabled individuals experienced any form ofmarginalisation because of their bodily dysfunctionalities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Rudoe, Naomi. "Young mothers, education and social exclusion." Thesis, Open University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539458.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Creasy, Stella Judith. "Understanding the lifeworld of social exclusion." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3798/.

Full text

Abstract:

In seeking to explain social exclusion. politicians. academics. and commentators alike have highlighted the role of social relationships in securing life chances. In recent years, these discussions have been characterised by three debates; those around the underclass, social cohesion and social capital. Each offers a commentary on the causes of social exclusion and community breakdown which is rooted in a focus on the social interactions within deprived neighbourhoods. As a result these debates raise many questions about the relationship between people, place and the public realm. This thesis contributes to our understanding of these issues by looking at these issues using a social psychological approach. Using a methodological framework grounded in the paradigm of social representations it analyses the cognitive actions of individuals and groups within a locality. This reveals how they generate and maintain a "cultural stock of knowledge". the social relationships which underpin this "lifeworld" and its influence on the life chances of the residents. In particular this research looks at the impact of this lifeworld on public services and regeneration projects in the research area. seeking to understand what effect the lifeworld has on their success or failure. This thesis builds on previous studies grounded in sociological and anthropological research methods in two ways. In the first instance it confirms the importance of socially constructed knowledge to social structures and the role they play in life chances. Yet using a social psychological approach also otTers an innovative way of exploring how socially constructed knowledge is created.maintained and changed by individuals and groups in their mental processes. In doing so, this thesis shows how important such knowledge is in determining social networks, social acts and social change. It therefore reveals how a social psychological approach to social exclusion can complement other forms of research into this phenomenon.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Social Exclusion and Health'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles