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1
Shin, Changhwan. "A conceptual approach to the relationships between the social economy, social welfare, and social innovation." Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management 7, no. 2 (July 4, 2016): 154–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstpm-08-2015-0027.
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Purpose With the aim of finding a balance between social and economic benefits, the social economy has reemerged in the crisis of the welfare state. The Fordist welfare state can be characterized by state-provided welfare, the mediation of paid work and welfare by the labor market and redistributive policies. Globally, neoliberalism and the market have given rise to social exclusion; in this context, the social economy is emerging as an alternative to the market domination of societies. This paper aims to construct a conceptual framework of welfare provision in an open innovation era. Design/methodology/approach The welfare state system between the Fordist welfare state and post-Fordist welfare state is different on provision and delivery of welfare service. To construct the conceptual relation among the social economy, the state and the market and welfare provision in the social economy, this study mainly used the literature review. Findings Attention should be paid to civil society at the local level to ignite social economy through open social innovation. Various social actors in the local community need to change and develop the social economy with collaborative entrepreneurship and collaborative economic mindsets. Research limitation/implications This paper presents the welfare service model led by social economy and open innovation, as well as social change. To fill the shortage of welfare provision caused by crisis of the welfare state, social economy is considered as an alternative for neo-liberalism. This study emphasizes that endogenous local development is a prerequisite for social economy as a welfare supplier. Practical implications In the social economy, reciprocity, democracy, self-help and social capital at the local level are emphasized. Also, open innovation put emphasis on collaboration economy among the local community, firms and the public sector: this emphasis can be expected to affect the welfare provision system and the social relations surrounding welfare. To address social problem and social needs, the social economy can adapt and apply the open innovation model. Originality/value The previous researches on open innovation mainly deal with the business sector and the public sector, but this paper has a focus on the relation between provision of social welfare and social innovation. The social economy is likely to function properly on the foundation of open social innovation.
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Vijay, Devi, and Debabrata Ghosh. "The Sabar Shouchagar Project (toilets for everyone): making Nadia District the first open-defecation-free district in India." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 8, no. 1 (January 19, 2018): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-03-2017-0061.
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Subject area Public Sector Management. Study level/applicability MBA or postgraduate program courses in public policy and management. MBA or postgraduate program courses on social innovation, social entrepreneurship and public or collective entrepreneurship. Management development programs for public policy professionals, non-governmental organizations and social enterprises. Case overview Despite several country-wide campaigns to improve sanitation levels, India continues to be the country with the highest number of people, over 600 million, practicing open defecation. This case outlines the Sabar Shouchagar Project (Toilets for Everyone) undertaken by the District Administration of Nadia District in West Bengal that transformed the region into the first open-defecation-free district in India. The case begins with providing the context of the problem of open defecation, why it has been hard to eliminate and how undertaking a project to eliminate open-defecation-free practices has myriad institutional and economic challenges. The case then details the conceptualization and execution of the complex Sabar Shouchagar Project which involved a loose coalition of various state programs and civil society organizations. The case ends with questions on the continuity of this project beyond the tenure of the current District Magistrate and on the replicability of such an ambitious project in other parts of the country. The setting of this case, a government agency, is different than most cases and provides an opportunity for students to talk about a state agency and its interstices with civil society. This case explores how to create change through large government machinery and allows the student to explore aspects of social mobilization, social change and social innovation. If taught within a postgraduate or MBA program, the case would serve well to dispel stereotypes and biases about government bureaucracies (such as slow timelines, limited efficacy of projects and so on). Expected learning outcomes After discussion and analysis of the case, students will be able to: appreciate how administrators within a large government bureaucracy address an ambitious and complex public health issue in a developing world context. Understand the on-the-ground challenges that arise when a change agent pursues a worthwhile goal. There are difficulties such as getting resources beyond what a government office has access to, getting alignments between different key actors within the local community and forging coalitions. Understand initiatives for social transformation within a developing country context. Specifically, the case unpacks the cultural, political, economic contexts that determine how social innovations may be pursued. Understand capacity-building and change management. Evaluate efforts required to sustain social change efforts and the challenges and pathways with respect to replication of successful social change projects in other geographies. Appreciate the design of civic engagement practices in public policy implementation. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email www.support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject Code CSS: 10: Public Sector management.
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Nthiga, Purity M., Gatitu E. Kiguru, and Phyllis W. Mwangi. "Adult education and development." Msingi Journal 1, no. 1 (February 8, 2019): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33886/mj.v1i1.93.
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The Incheon Declaration 2015- “Towards 2030: a new vision for education,” recognizes the important role of education as the main driver of development, and therefore commits to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote life-long learning opportunities for all(p. i).” The declaration further commits to “ensuring that all youth and adults, especially girls and women, achieve relevant and recognized functional literacy and numeracy levels and acquire life skills and that they are provided with adult learning and training opportunities (p. 7).”” This commitment is a clear recognition of the role of adult education in development. Sadly, although adult education and lifelong learning are key for achieving social change and reducing poverty levels, the sector receives minimal attention in development matters in many African countries. According to UNESCO the adult education sub-sector of state education systems remains relatively underfunded and marginal despite the improved living conditions in many African countries since the 1990s. Few countries have specific, ratified national adult education policies while in some others adult education is seen as a human right but only practically enforceable subject to availability of resources. This paper outlines evidence of positive changes accrued from literacy and skills training project in one region in Somaliland. In addition to literacy and numeracy, the participants in the project were trained in tailoring or cookery as well as on health, nutrition, hygiene and entrepreneurship. More so, the project offered micro-credit to those wishing to start small businesses. Major developmental changes including employment, healthier families, businesses and better civic participation were realized by the individual participants, their families and the community. From this evidence the paper argues that it is important for countries in Africa to seriously harness the adult education sub-sector for development as one way of translating the Incheon commitment to tangible achievements
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Suyatna, Hempri, and Yanti Nurhasanah. "Sociopreneurship Sebagai Tren Karir Anak Muda." Jurnal Studi Pemuda 6, no. 1 (August 13, 2018): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/studipemudaugm.38011.
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The Demographic Bonus that has taken place in this decade has a significant influence on Indonesia's social, political, economic and cultural system. Youth who are the drivers of the demographic bonus are rapidly taking up positions and roles in the world of workforce to the political and idealism platforms that intersect on the space of capitalism. In taking on the role of the flow of economic system, several youth feel that they have the potential and space of freedom to develop business and self potential through the way of entrepreneurship. Furthermore, youth are trying to take the role of becoming a social entrepreneur agent. Socioenterpreneurship is not new for several youth as the key to reducing the level of disparities in Indonesia. In addition, the emergence of smart city trends, a challenge the government to collaborate with the private sector and civil society to create a good social business ecosystem in the village. In other hand, smart village becomes an interesting output as the mainstreaming goal of sociopreneurship. Empowerment and creative economy become a play area for youth and society to do social business. Especially with the potential of nature and international market share has been from history always looking at the creative products of young Indonesians. So, this is not difficult to achieve. This paper is a partial summary of the results of the author's experience in interacting for several years with start-ups, creative economy business actors, social business communities, and social entrepreneurs in the community. From the results of this paper, it was found that youth with a variety of technologies that are very fast and sophisticated have begun to looking social business opportunities as a choice of survival amid their narrowness in finding a job. Social entrepreneurship becomes one of the keys for the Indonesian state to accelerate rapid and equitable economic and social development.
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Schwenger, Daniel, Thomas Straub, and Stefano Borzillo. "Non-governmental organizations: strategic management for a competitive world." Journal of Business Strategy 35, no. 4 (July 15, 2014): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-11-2013-0105.
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Purpose – This paper aims to empirically investigate competition within the non-governmental organization (NGO) sector, and presents some strategic approaches to managing it. Porter’s five forces (1980) model was used as a theoretical framework to understand and quantify competition in the NGO sector, as well as to explore the differences between NGOs’ budget sizes. Traditional strategic management often fails to meet NGOs’ needs. While economization is prevalent within the NGO sector, little is known about how NGOs address competition. Design/methodology/approach – An online global survey was conducted between November 2010 and May 2011. Data were collected from 1,211 NGOs that either function as consultants or work in association with the United Nations (UN). The key informants were leaders and executive managers of NGOs. The respondents’ fields of work varied from international advocacy and development (38 per cent), education and research (14 per cent), community and neighborhood (8 per cent), health (8 per cent), environment (8 per cent) and social services (7 per cent) to civil liberty (6 per cent), labor (6 per cent), culture (3 per cent), philanthropy (2 per cent) and religion (1 per cent). Findings – The findings suggest that the NGO sector is becoming increasingly competitive. However, the data suggest that the lower and upper budget classes have different priorities and perceptions. Small NGOs (with budgets <USD250,000 and especially <USD10,000) compete more aggressively for funding, as they have less bargaining power over donors and large foundations, and face stronger competition from social entrepreneurship. This results in income reductions. Large NGOs (with budgets >USD250,000 USD and especially >USD1 million) experience increased pressure for accountability. Research limitations/implications – This research is aimed at a wide range of NGOs. The findings are based on an empirical and open survey that was held among NGOs in association with the UN. Future research should survey NGOs that are not associated with the UN to generalize the results. This may lead to contradictory or more varied results. Practical implications – The findings can help NGOs adapt their strategy to cope more effectively with increasing competition in the sector. Large NGOs seem to prioritize fundraising measures and their positioning (uniqueness) through specialized knowledge. Small NGOs, on the other hand, seem to consider sharing resources, co-operation with other NGOs and co-operation with the private sector slightly more important. To enhance their competitive position, small NGOs are advised to improve their potential by concentrating on developing specific skills that are hard to imitate and to improve their fundraising measures. Finally, large NGOs could benefit from pooling their resources and collaborating with other NGOs and private organizations. Originality/value – NGOs have to pursue their missions under increasing competitive pressure. This paper comprehensively assesses competition, analyzes the various facets thereof and tests these aspects’ relevance to NGOs. It furthermore proposes strategies that are more appropriate for NGOs of different sizes to cope with this competition.
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Berman, Naomi, and Emily Mellon. "Contextualising the self and social change making: an evaluation of the Young Social Pioneers program." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 4, no. 1 (March 12, 2012): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v4i1.2275.
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This article presents the findings of an evaluation of an innovative Australian social entrepreneurship and leadership program to highlight some of the challenges young social change makers face as they attempt to influence change in their local, national and international environments. Through an investigation of an innovative Australian social entrepreneurship program, this article demonstrates how reflexive, communicative and participatory practices position young people at the forefront of new forms of civic engagement and that there are certain needs relating to the development of self and community which must to be addressed in order that these young social actors can fulfil their civic aspirations. The findings of the evaluation reported here demonstrate that if social entrepreneur programs are to be successful in providing a service to young people, they need to foster the creation of environments characterised by collectivism, collaboration and opportunities for self development while providing practical solutions to common barriers faced by social entrepreneurs
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Mencken, F. Carson, Bethany Smith, and Charles M. Tolbert. "Self-employment and Civic Inclination." Sociological Perspectives 63, no. 5 (January 24, 2020): 719–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121419899386.
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We test whether the self-employed have higher levels of civic inclination (trust, political activism, community closeness, community participation) compared to workers from the private sector. We examine the civic inclinations of the self-employed with two national cross-sectional data sets. We use a variety of discrete and continuous regression models. We find that the self-employed have higher levels of political activism, feel closer to neighbors and family, and have greater odds of engaging to solve community problems. We fail to detect differences in donating money, attending community events, and closeness to friends. Previous research has concluded with county-level data that the self-employed are important actors in building community and creating social capital. Our results add to this literature by showing that the self-employed have higher levels of civic inclination with individual-level data. Implications for theory and research are discussed.
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Molla, Rafiqul Islam, and Md Mahmudul Alam. "A Third Sector-Led Economic Model." American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajiss.v30i1.311.
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Private (first sector) and public (second sector) sector economics, both individually and jointly, have failed to ensure the wellbeing of human societies on the national and global levels. In response, social enterprise (third sector) economics, which features cooperatives and not-for-profit social enterprises, foundations (awqOEf), and similar undertakings, has emerged as a make-up strategy in an attempt to counter the deficiencies of the market-state economic model. However, there is a strongly felt belief that the third sector needs to be broadened and mainstreamed in order to include both not-for-profit and for-profit businesses blended with social justice (via provision of such social welfare programs as corporate social responsibility) so that they can play a major role in poverty alleviation and economic growth. Islamic entrepreneurship, which is basically a community-centric mode of business initiative, is an antidote to the problem of intolerable economic and social dualism, a natural strategy against all forms of capitalist exploitation and attempts to control a nation’s resources. Moreover, it is the natural model for solving economic inequity, wealth concentration, and social divides. Based on its potential and using examples from Bangladesh and Malaysia, we present the Islamic style of entrepreneurship. We contend that this particular style is the most efficient and desirable one for effectively widening and mainstreaming community-centric third sector economics so that it can ensure development with equity and social justice especially in developing countries.
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Molla, Rafiqul Islam, and Md Mahmudul Alam. "A Third Sector-Led Economic Model." American Journal of Islam and Society 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v30i1.311.
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Private (first sector) and public (second sector) sector economics, both individually and jointly, have failed to ensure the wellbeing of human societies on the national and global levels. In response, social enterprise (third sector) economics, which features cooperatives and not-for-profit social enterprises, foundations (awqOEf), and similar undertakings, has emerged as a make-up strategy in an attempt to counter the deficiencies of the market-state economic model. However, there is a strongly felt belief that the third sector needs to be broadened and mainstreamed in order to include both not-for-profit and for-profit businesses blended with social justice (via provision of such social welfare programs as corporate social responsibility) so that they can play a major role in poverty alleviation and economic growth. Islamic entrepreneurship, which is basically a community-centric mode of business initiative, is an antidote to the problem of intolerable economic and social dualism, a natural strategy against all forms of capitalist exploitation and attempts to control a nation’s resources. Moreover, it is the natural model for solving economic inequity, wealth concentration, and social divides. Based on its potential and using examples from Bangladesh and Malaysia, we present the Islamic style of entrepreneurship. We contend that this particular style is the most efficient and desirable one for effectively widening and mainstreaming community-centric third sector economics so that it can ensure development with equity and social justice especially in developing countries.
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Devi, Seema. "SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: CHALLENGES IN WAY TO RISE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, no. 9 (September 30, 2016): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i9.2016.2552.
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Social entrepreneurship is the use of the techniques by startup companies and other entrepreneurs to develop, fund and implement solutions to social, cultural, or environmental issues. This concept may be applied to a variety of organizations with different sizes, aims, and beliefs. For-profit entrepreneurs typically measure performance using business metrics like profit, revenues and increases in stock prices, but social entrepreneurs are either non-profits or blend for-profit goals with generating a positive "return to society" and therefore must use different metrics. Social entrepreneurship typically attempts to further broad social, cultural, and environmental goals often associated with the voluntary sector in areas such as poverty alleviation, health care and community development. This article builds on the literature to define social entrepreneurship, discusses the boundaries of socially-oriented entrepreneurial activities, and positions the social entrepreneur in the spectrum of entrepreneurship.
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Barber, Benjamin R. "An American Civic Forum: Civil Society Between Market Individuals and the Political Community." Social Philosophy and Policy 13, no. 1 (1996): 269–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052500001618.
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The polarization of the individual and the community that underlies much of the debate between individualists and communitarians is made possible in part by the literal vanishingof civil society—the domain whose middling terms mediate the stark opposition of state and private sectors and offer women and men a space for activity that is both voluntary and public. Modern democratic ideology and the reality of our political practices sometimesseem to yield only a choice between elephantine and paternalistic government or a radically solipsistic and nearly anarchic private market sector—overnment gargantuanism or private greed.Americans do not much like either one. President Clinton's callfor national service draws us out of our selfishness without kindling any affection for government. Private markets service our avarice without causing us to like ourselves. The question of how America's decentralized and multi-vocal public can secure a coherentvoice in debates over public policy under the conditions precipitated by so hollow and disjunctive a dichotomy is perhaps the most important issue facing both the political theory and social science of democracy and the practice of democratic politics in America today. Two recent stories out of Washington suggest just how grave the situation has become. Health-care reform failed in a paroxysm of mutual recrimination highlighted by the successful campaign of the private sector (well represented in Congress) against a presidential program that seemed to be widely misunderstood. The public at large simply went missing in the debates.
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Trinaistic, Eliana. "Hackathons as Instruments for Settlement Sector Innovation." International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI) 4, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v4i2.34035.
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In Canada, the non-profit organizations (NPO) and settlement sectors are increasingly re-examining their responsibility for service delivery and service design. With a growing interest in understanding how to include design principles and an “innovation” mindset in addressing the long-term outcomes of social services, new instruments are introduced as a way to experiment with different modes of engagement among the various stakeholders. The aim of community hackathons or civic hacks—a derivative of tech gatherings customized to fit public engagement—is to collaboratively rethink, redesign, and resolve a range of social and policy issues that communities are facing, from settlement, the environment, health, or legal services. Although hackathons and civic hacks aspire to be democratic, relationship-driven instruments, aligned with non-profit principles of inclusion and diversity, they are also risky propositions from the perspective of the non-profit organizational culture in Canada in that they tend to lack solid structure, clear rules, and fixed outcomes. Despite the challenges, the promise of innovation is too attractive to be disregarded, and some non-profits are embarking (with or without the government’s help) on incorporating hackathons into their toolkits. This case study will present a practitioner’s perspective on the outcomes of two community hackathons, one exploring migration data sets and the other on language policy innovation, co-developed between 2016 and 2019 by MCIS Language Solutions, a Toronto based not-for-profit social enterprise, in partnership with various partners. The case study examines how the hackathon as an instrument can aid settlement sectors and governments in fostering non-profit innovation to rethinking the trajectory of taking solutions to scale.
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Esparza, Nicole, Edward T. Walker, and Gabriel Rossman. "Trade Associations and the Legitimation of Entrepreneurial Movements." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 43, no. 2_suppl (November 25, 2013): 143S—162S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0899764013512723.
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Trade associations are an important topic of investigation for nonprofit and voluntary sector researchers because they serve civic purposes and help to support innovative areas of entrepreneurship. We examine how local trade associations in the emerging gourmet food truck industry help to reduce uncertainty and augment industry legitimacy by (a) representing collective interests when challenged by regulators and incumbents (e.g., restaurants), (b) generating collective identity and creating cultural capital, and (c) providing a regime to manage “tragedies of the commons,” procure club goods, and promote self-regulation. We draw on social media data and narrative accounts by industry activists to explicate the evolution of the field from 2008 to 2012 in 11 cities. Findings suggest that trade associations, as an often-overlooked type of mutual benefit association, are key players in the legitimation of creative industries.
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Rahadi, Dedi Rianto. "Analisis Sektor Usaha Kecil & Menengah Menjadi Model Kewirausahaan Sosial Berbasis Ekonomi Kreatif." Firm Journal of Management Studies 3, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33021/firm.v3i1.382.
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<p>Social Entrepreneurship is a concept of entrepreneurship (entrepreneurship) that prioritizes social<br />activities by empowering the surrounding community. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) can be<br />involved to be part of Social-entrepreneurship, to support economic independence of society. To<br />support the sustainability of SMEs as well as a more global reach can be used creative economic<br />approach of each sector conducted SMEs. It aims to sustain SMEs for a long time and become the<br />foundation for the Indonesian economy. The purpose of the research is to conduct SME analysis to be<br />part of social entrepreneuship based on creative economy. Quantitative research methods (descriptive<br />statistics) and qualitative (interactive analysis models), where data collection is done by observation,<br />in-depth interviews, and approach of PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal). The results show that local<br />governments fully support the existence of SMEs, especially the handicraft sector, by providing<br />facilities to change policies and funding assistance. Some craftsmen already have the concept of ideas<br />and creativity in improving product quality, it is seen from the innovation of products developed.<br />Society, government and community of artisans support the existence of creative economy-based<br />social entrepreneurship in order to support the improvement of the economy. To support the<br />sustainability of creative entrepreneurial based on creative economy requires the involvement of<br />government, entrepreneurs, communities through ongoing assistance with policy support siding with<br />SMEs.</p>
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Acharya, Abhijeet, and Lisa A. Cave. "Analyzing Community Initiatives in UK’s Energy Transition through the Lens of Sustainable Entrepreneurship." Energy and Environment Research 10, no. 2 (November 11, 2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/eer.v10n2p13.
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The low-carbon energy transition framed as a social-technical system can enable researchers to gain insight into the complex interaction between niche actors and the dominant regime under the current energy policy landscape. This paper aims to analyze community-led energy initiatives through the lens of sustainable entrepreneurship and discern business practices that these niche actors use in the social-technical setting of the energy transition. Niche actors such as Community Energy Cooperatives (CECs) develop bottom-up solutions and overcome social-cognitive norms through citizen engagement. Especially in the UK, such community initiatives face resistance from the dominant regime due to the unfavorable policies and centralized institutional arrangements. The business practices based on sustainable entrepreneurship can enable community groups to create social, economic, and environmental values for the local communities. In our analysis, we observed that CECs exhibit traits of a sustainable entrepreneur in their efforts to support energy transition. We discerned following business practices based on sustainable entrepreneurship that CECs employ in the UK: (1) mission-driven and locally focused, (2) commercial venturing and collaboration, and (3) grassroots innovations and shared knowledge. In this paper, we observed a strong connection between the CEC business practices and sustainable entrepreneurship that provides a foundation for future academic interests. Further, we noted that intermediary organizations, as part of the business ecosystem, play a crucial role in supporting the UK’s community energy sector.
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Linnenluecke, Martina K., and Brent McKnight. "Community resilience to natural disasters: the role of disaster entrepreneurship." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 11, no. 1 (March 13, 2017): 166–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-01-2015-0005.
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Purpose The paper aims to examine the conditions under which disaster entrepreneurship contributes to community-level resilience. The authors define disaster entrepreneurship as attempts by the private sector to create or maintain value during and in the immediate aftermath of a natural disaster by taking advantage of business opportunities and providing goods and services required by community stakeholders. Design/methodology/approach This paper builds a typology of disaster entrepreneurial responses by drawing on the dimensions of structural expansion and role change. The authors use illustrative case examples to conceptualize how these responses improve community resilience by filling critical resource voids in the aftermath of natural disasters. Findings The typology identifies four different disaster entrepreneurship approaches: entrepreneurial business continuity, scaling of organizational response through activating latent structures, improvising and emergence. The authors formulate proposition regarding how each of the approaches is related to community-level resilience. Practical implications While disaster entrepreneurship can offer for-profit opportunities for engaging in community-wide disaster response and recovery efforts, firms should carefully consider the financial, legal, reputational and organizational implications of disaster entrepreneurship. Social implications Communities should consider how best to harness disaster entrepreneurship in designing their disaster response strategies. Originality/value This research offers a novel typology to explore the role that for-profit firms play in disaster contexts and adds to prior research which has mostly focused on government agencies, non-governmental organizations and emergency personnel.
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Brown, Maoz. "Cooperation, Coordination, and Control: The Emergence and Decline of Centralized Finance in American Charity." Social Science History 42, no. 3 (2018): 543–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2018.8.
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The notion that government funding undermines the independence of nonprofit organizations is a prevalent theme in scholarship on state–nonprofit relations, social welfare policy, and the condition of American civil society. This article scrutinizes historical assumptions about community organizations that inform debates over the influence of government funding in the nonprofit sector. Drawing on long-standing organizational theory and a historical analysis of the Community Chest movement, this article highlights the tension between collaboration and independence inherent in the nonprofit organizational form as well as the implications of this tension in light of historical changes in the resource environment of voluntary human service agencies. This conceptual and temporal focus leads not only to an analytical reorientation but also to a historical revision: The influx of government funding in the American nonprofit sector in the 1960s promoted nonprofit independence by undermining the authority of local community institutions. In addition to complicating popular beliefs about charity in American civic culture, this article facilitates a more sophisticated understanding of community dynamics.
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Lucas Mantuano, Carmen, Gladys Salazar Olives, and Claudia Loor Caicedo. "El emprendimiento social en el turismo comunitario de la provincia de Manabí, Ecuador." Telos: Revista de Estudios Interdisciplinarios en Ciencias Sociales 21, no. 3 (September 10, 2019): 661–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36390/telos213.09.
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The tourism sector is considered in Ecuador as an economic and social activity, generating entrepreneurial opportunities that promote integral and inclusive development and improve the quality of life of the population. The objective of this research is to analyze the contribution of the Theories of Resources and Capacities (Grant, 1991, Barney, 1991, Stam, 2009), social entrepreneurship (Dees, 1998, Pollock, 2015, Buzinde et al., 2017) and that of community tourism (Murphy, 1985; Manyara and Jones, 2007, Kokkranikal and Morrison, 2011) for the creation of community tourism enterprises in the Province of Manabí of Ecuador. The methodology used is documentary and descriptive. Community tourism in Ecuador is part of a strategy of local development, promoted by the State for the claim and self-management of its territories and natural resources. The Theory of Resources and Capacities provides cognitive tools to social enterprises, based on key relationships among resources, capabilities and competitive advantages, this is not limited only to the business sector but on the contrary can be extrapolated to different types of organizations with In order to improve the planning, control, optimization of its processes and consecution of goals and objectives. It is concluded that the identification of the internal resources of community tourism ventures will allow us to know and size their structure and thus enhance their capabilities, suggesting an additional element to their self-management. It is of interest to emphasize that social entrepreneurship in the Manabi community tourism requires a profitable economic dimension because they are social enterprises that have an organizational structure with their natural, cultural and human resources and capacities that require an economic investment for their maintenance.
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Mathijssen, Carmen, and Danny Wildemeersch. "Participatory Practices in Community Services for the Unemployed Poor." Public Voices 10, no. 1 (December 8, 2016): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22140/pv.137.
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This article was previously presented as a paper at the International Conference“Ethics and Integrity of Governance: A Transatlantic Dialogue.” We focus on families in poverty, a group who is currently often excluded from civic engagement. We want to stimulate thinking about the inclusion of their voices in policy formation, implementation, and evaluation. We go deeper into a new practice of activation of the long-term unemployed, namely community services, situated in the social economy sector in Flanders (Belgium). After introducing the basic concepts, we formulate arguments in support of a competence approach and a participatory approach. Then we touch on the problematic of the translation of this approach into policy criteria.
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Murtagh, Brendan. "Ageing and the social economy." Social Enterprise Journal 13, no. 3 (August 7, 2017): 216–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sej-02-2017-0009.
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Purpose This purpose of this paper is to concern with the extent to which social economies can be constructed as alternatives to private and state markets and their purported neoliberal tendencies. Design/methodology/approach The paper presents a meta-evaluation of an integrated set of projects supported by philanthropic investment to build finance, skills, entrepreneurship, social enterprises and non-monetised trading in the age sector in Northern Ireland. Findings The programme had important successes in stimulating social entrepreneurship, improving employability and showing how social enterprises can be incubated and scaled to offer new services for older people. It also improved skills in contract readiness, but this did not translate into new borrowing or trading models, even among larger NGOs. Research limitations/implications In that all economies are, to some extent, constructed and socially mediated, there is value in thinking through the components, relationships and projects that might make the ecosystem work more effectively. This should not just offer a counterweight to the market but could explore how an alternative arena for producing and consuming goods and services can be formed, especially among potentially vulnerable age communities. Originality/value The albeit, small-scale investment in a range of interrelated projects shows not only the value in experimentation but also the limits in planned attempts to construct social markets. The analysis shows that social economies need to respond to the priorities of older people, grown from community initiatives and better connected to the capabilities and resources of the sector.
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Cinnéide, Barra Ó. "Creative Entrepreneurship in the Arts." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 6, no. 3 (August 2005): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/0000000054662827.
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The emergence of an unparalleled national economic performance, labelled the Celtic Tiger, has given Irish business educators the challenging task of analysing and recording their country's burgeoning growth over the past decade. As part of this development, Riverdance –an upbeat combination of Irish music and dance – hit the world stage, demonstrating that entrepreneurship and innovation are as much part of the success process within the creative industries as is the case in any other sector of the economy. By researching the advent and ongoing development of Riverdance and the follow-on show, Lord of the Dance, it is believed that invaluable insights can be gained into the creative entrepreneurial process, including the shows' particular characteristics, their development needs, how innovative entrepreneurs work, and the particular barriers they face. This paper shows how, through publishing a series of studies on Riverdance and Lord of the Dance, it has been possible to demonstrate that the evolution of ‘New Age’ Irish dance, with its unprecedented success abroad, can provide an important role model for both the arts/culture sector and the Irish business community in general. Additionally, these entertainment industry cases, among others, provide an opportunity for considering the confluence within Irish music in terms of its traditional, classical and contemporary forms, within the rapidly changing educational, social and cultural landscape of a burgeoning economy that has earned the title, the Celtic Tiger.
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D'Souza, Natalia, and Shane Scahill. "The need to integrate in primary healthcare: nurse identity constructions of pharmacists as entrepreneurs." Journal of Health Organization and Management 34, no. 8 (October 6, 2020): 849–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-01-2020-0009.
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PurposeThis study explores nurses' views as to whether they see community pharmacists as “entrepreneurial” and what this might mean for working together in primary care. Pharmacists are expected to fully integrate with their colleagues – particularly nurses – under the New Zealand health policy. Yet, there is scarce literature that examines multidisciplinary teamwork and integration through an entrepreneurial identity lens. This is particularly important since around the world, including New Zealand, community pharmacies are small businesses.Design/methodology/approachThis was an exploratory qualitative study. A total of 18 semi-structured interviews were conducted with nurses from primary care, nursing professional bodies and academics from nursing schools. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Coding was undertaken through general inductive thematic analysis.FindingsIn total three key themes emerged through analysis: the entrepreneurial profile of the community pharmacist, the lack of entrepreneurship across the profession, and the role identity and value that community pharmacists hold, as viewed by nurses. There appeared to be pockets of entrepreneurship in community pharmacy; nurses did not express a blanket label of entrepreneurship across the whole sector. Nurses also discussed several forms of entrepreneurship including commercial-oriented, clinical and social entrepreneurship. The social entrepreneurship identity of community pharmacists sat most comfortably with nurse participants. Overall, nurses appeared to value community pharmacists but felt that they did not fully understand the roles that this profession took on.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper contributes to the academic literature by identifying three domains of entrepreneurship relevant to community pharmacy as well as multi-level barriers that will need to be jointly tackled by professional bodies and policy-makers. Improving nurses' and other healthcare professionals' knowledge of community pharmacists' role and expertise is also likely to facilitate better inter-professional integration.Originality/valueThere is scarce literature that attempts to understand how entrepreneurial identity plays out in health organisation and management. This study adds to the knowledge base of factors influencing integration in healthcare.
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Kovanen, Sunna. "Social entrepreneurship as a collaborative practice: Literature review and research agenda." Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation 17, no. 1 (2021): 97–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.7341/20211713.
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Purpose: The aim of this article is, firstly, to explore and structure the emerging research on collaboration in social entrepreneurship, and secondly to tackle the identified gaps in the literature with a research agenda based on the communities and networks of practice theory. Methodology: The article relies on a systematic literature review, which summarizes the existing evidence base and critically evaluates major theoretical approaches. The analytical focus is on ambiguity and scales of collaboration. Findings: Three main research strands have been identified: first, community and public sector collaboration focusing on the participatory initiation of services by local communities; second, collaboration for resources and employment focusing on power relations between established organizations; and third, network- and micro-level collaboration focusing on collaborative governance of complex networks. A vaguely contextualized and non-critical approach to social entrepreneurship remains prominent; however, recent studies on community and network collaboration present nuanced approaches to scalarity and ambiguity. Implications for theory and practice: Existing research could benefit from explicit and broader theorization of collaboration, the analysis of ambiguous experiences and contexts and attending to the interplay between daily practices and larger-scale institutional change. The paper presents a compiled reference base and gives directions about future research and practice re-thinking social enterprise as a collaborative endeavor. Originality and value: The article contributes to social entrepreneurship studies by structuring the field and enhancing critical theory on the topic.
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Denpaiboon, Chaweewan, Vimolsiddhi Horayangkura, and Mitsuo Takada. "Public Sector Versus Civil Society: An Approach to Affordable Housing Development in Thailand." MANUSYA 13, no. 1 (2010): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-01301001.
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This article focuses on the identification and illustration of the shift in low income housing policy and implementation in Thailand. Housing is one of the major sectors of national development; it plays a vital role in a developing country. Policy and housing mechanisms have witnessed major shifts toward affordable housing since 1973, mainly implemented by the public sector. This article is concerned with the decentralization of the governmental role in providing shelters for low income groups to the present-day civil society activity in the creation of affordable housing. The role of civic social innovation in urban development was a result of key social structure changes to strengthen a community based on social capital. An affordable house is not a spatial organization but rather a reflection of social movement planning. The objectives of the study were (1) To analyze a comparative study between public sector and civic society approaches to affordable housing development by NHA and CODI; (2) To analyze the lesson learnt from development projects by government and civil society, using a thorough analysis of the process of participatory subsidies; (3) To identify the government policy and civic society by NHA and CODI effects on urban development processes in Bangkok Metropolitan Areas. This could help NHA to identify any necessary changes to policies to encourage low income housing development; and (4) To recommend a policy of affordable housing developments for the low income group. The research method comprised a field-base case study using observation, interviews, and questionnaires, which was conducted among a random selection sample of 200 households in Baan Eua Ah-torn Project and Baan Man Kong Project. These findings provide a policy framework that brings together three concepts. First, a policy of providing for low income groups alone is not effective in the development of housing projects; it should mix income groups for sustainable housing development. Second, Baan Man Kong Project places more emphasis on the process and continuity of development than Baan Eua Ah-torn projects. Third, both projects will support the housing shortage. In the final section, conclusions are drawn about social innovation in governmental policy, focusing on empowering experiments with decentralization and governmental democracy accessible to civil society and its interests.
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Mitra, Jay, Mariusz Sokolowicz, Ursula Weisenfeld, Agnieszka Kurczewska, and Silke Tegtmeier. "Citizen Entrepreneurship: A Conceptual Picture of the Inclusion, Integration and Engagement of Citizens in the Entrepreneurial Process." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies 6, no. 2 (July 2020): 242–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2393957520936884.
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This conceptual and exploratory article aims to present a rationale for the engagement of citizens with the process and practice of, and research on new civic forms of entrepreneurship. We argue that this form of citizen engagement could enable a better alignment of entrepreneurial initiatives with economic, social and community priorities, and to address issues of global significance of local interest in uncertain environments. To this end, we posit that engaging citizens in the entrepreneurial process could facilitate agency at the collective level of people with their rights, duties and responsibilities, to identify, participate in and govern with existing institutions, in meaningful economic and social activity in defined spatial environments. Our normative understanding of entrepreneurial process involves the creation of business, social and public enterprises, the formation of which is led by entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs are of course citizens of specific nation states, but their endeavours do not necessarily warrant the participation of the wider community of citizens in the entrepreneurial process beyond their receiving function as users of goods and services. We consider whether pro-active engagement in a variety of ways, as nurtured in the practice of Citizen Science or Citizen Economics projects, could strengthen the profile and substance of entrepreneurship to resolve critical economic, social and environmental concerns of our times. We use the concept of the ‘commons’ and collective efficacy to argue for an understanding of entrepreneurship and innovation as a social good. We argue that Citizen Entrepreneurship (CE) is able to create new forms of collective organisation and governance, and derive economic and social value by addressing local issues arising from wide-spread phenomena such as climate change, ecological and environmental challenges, inequality, social polarisation, populism, migration and the gradual erosion of democratic institutions. To do so, citizens need to develop capabilities for engagement in the entrepreneurship process, especially when traditional public and market institutions fail to satisfy their existential needs. Indeed, active engagement could lead to the achievement of capabilities for well-being and fulfilling lives which go beyond the acquisition of skills and competencies necessary to pursue a vocation or a career. We refer to and interpret three examples of collective entrepreneurial activity in different urban environments in European countries as models of CE highlighting what we see as a growing trend in the entrepreneurial substance of the ‘urban commons’. We work towards the creation of a conceptual model with which to develop an understanding of a unique formulation of entrepreneurship.
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Duffuor, Amy, and Alana Harris. "Politics as a Vocation: Prayer, Civic Engagement and the Gendered Re-enchantment of the City." Religion and Gender 3, no. 1 (February 19, 2013): 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18785417-00301003.
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Drawing upon extensive oral history interviews and long scale participant observation in two London churches, an ethnically diverse Catholic parish in Canning Town and a predominantly West-African Pentecostal congregation in Peckham, this article compares and contrasts differing Christian expressions and understandings of ‘civic engagement’ and gendered articulations of lay social ‘ministry’ through prayer, religious praxis and local politics. Through community organizing and involvement in the third sector, but also through spiritual activities like the ‘Catholic Prayer Ministry’ and ‘deliverance’, Catholics and Pentecostals are shown to be re-mapping London – a city ripe for reverse mission – through contesting ‘secularist’ and implicitly gendered distinctions between the public and private/domestic, and the spiritual and political. Greater scholarly appreciation of these subjective understandings of civic engagement and social activism is important for fully recognizing the agency of lay people, and particularly women often marginalized in church-based and institutional hierarchies, in articulating and actuating their call to Christian citizenship and the (re)sacralization of the city.
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Rado, Istvan, Mei-Fei Lu, I.-Chen Lin, and Ken Aoo. "Societal Entrepreneurship for Sustainable Asian Rural Societies: A Multi-Sectoral Social Capital Approach in Thailand, Taiwan, and Japan." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 2747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052747.
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The agricultural sector in Thailand, Taiwan, and Japan is facing a number of interrelated crises, including aging producers, falling market prices, changing consumer preferences, and biodiversity degradation. Small-scale farmers in these three societies have engaged in diverse collaborative initiatives with actors from the public, private, and third sectors to overcome these challenges. We illustrate these initiatives by combining the concept of societal entrepreneurship with a complex understanding of social capital. Given that these initiatives are formed in distinct ways across these societies, the paper aims to answer the following research questions: What is the nature of the relationships (expressed as types of social capital) underlying the processes of societal entrepreneurship? How does social capital contribute to sustainable community development? How does it facilitate the scaling up of solutions through multi-sectoral collaboration? Using a case study approach, we aim to explore multi-sector initiatives in each context in depth, before identifying common patterns and key drivers for collaboration through thematic analysis. We have found that distinct drivers are involved in each context due to different types of social capital, including solutions, advocacy, and reconciliation.
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Jose, T. K. "Micro enterprise initiative in water sector and poverty reduction." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 6 (March 1, 2003): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0373.
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The author reports on the Kerala model for water sector development, broadly adopted as a role model for poverty reduction and build up of social capital. It is a community based organisation with its focus on facilitating a stable income to the poor, and composed of a People's Plan Campaign, the Kudumbashree (women-based poverty eradication programme), with grassroot level neighbourhood groups, federated into an area development society. It promotes savings and credit channelling, capacity building and entrepreneurship development. Activities include awareness raising on water conservation and hygiene, utilization of student power, promotion of small, cheap and low technology projects that people can understand and undertake (small reservoirs, tanks, rainwater harvesting structures, water meters), as well as microenterprises, and training of women-based repair groups.
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Vodenko, Konstantin V., and Kirill A. Chernov. "Business and Entrepreneurship in the Context of Innovative Development of Russian Society: the Space of Research Discourse." Humanities of the South of Russia 9, no. 1 (2020): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/2227-8656.2020.1.21.
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Business and entrepreneurship occupy an important place in the Russian economy, in fact, determining the prospects for the development of the economic sector, as well as in the social sphere, influencing the promotion of society in the field of innovation. However, at present, the development of business and entrepreneurship in Russia faces a number of barriers of an objective and subjective nature, related to the existing economic relations in society, institutional conditions and the specifics of the business community itself, with its own culture, value bases of activity, and level of professional responsibility. In these circumstances, there is a need for a deep sociological reflection of the features of business and entrepreneurship functioning in the conditions of Russian realities, the factors that determine its problems and prospects for development, as well as the theoretical grounds for studying these social phenomena. An analysis of sociological work in this direction allows us to reveal the specifics of the discursive space in the field of studying business and entrepreneurship in Russia, as well as outlines the prospects for further theoretical and empirical development of this problem.
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Iwu, Chux Gervase, Saphetha Gwija, Robertson Tengeh, Chris Cupido, and Roger B. Mason. "The Necessity for Education and Training within the Survivalist Retail Entrepreneurship Sector." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 8, no. 2(J) (May 11, 2016): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v8i2(j).1254.
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This paper investigates the necessity for education and training within the survivalist retail entrepreneurship sector in Khayelitsha, in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. A structured questionnaire, informal interviews and observations were employed to collect data. To analyse the collected data, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 23) was employed. A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed, but only 128 usable completed copies were returned. The key findings were twofold: (1) an admission by the majority of the subjects that their businesses are not doing particularly well owing to their lack of basic business skills; and (2) the subjects’ admission that competitive practices of the immigrant retail entrepreneurs in the township can be counteracted if they had adequate business skills. These findings imply that should survivalist retail entrepreneurs in Khayelitsha be expected to add greater value to the economy by creating employment opportunities, it is essential that they are provided with skills training on a regular basis by government agencies and other stakeholders such as the Wholesale and Retail Sector Education and Training Authority (W&RSETA). This paper has its origin in the considered intention of the Wholesale and Retail Leadership Chair of CPUT1 to assist in developing the retail sector of the community of Khayelitsha.
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Molla, Rafiqul Islam. "Mainstreaming the Third Sector Economics by Adopting the Principles of Islamic Entrepreneurship: For Development with Equity and Social Justice." IIUC Studies 9 (July 10, 2015): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/iiucs.v9i0.24013.
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The private and public sector economics found their own strong places to play roles in the mainstream economy. At the end, however, these two systems the private, popularly called the first sector economy, and the public, called the second sector economy - both individually and jointly have been found seriously inadequate and incapable to ensuring wellbeing of human societies nationally and globally. Responding to such a situation a number of non-conventional approaches like cooperatives and social enterprises, waqaf, foundations, and other non-profit institutions, etc., together called third sector economy, were moved and promoted to ensure social justice and wellbeing of mankind. Initially it emerged as a make-up and defensive strategy of the market-state model to meet the minimum of unmet requirements in the sectors where the market and state have grossly failed. It, thus, played only a subordinate role. As a result, it could not help much to solve the problem of economic inequity, concentration of wealth, and social divides. However it is strongly felt that a broadly based third sector economic model with both not for-profit business like enterprises and for-profit businesses blended with social justice is necessary to play its role as a mainstream model not only for poverty alleviation but also for economic growth to bridge the economic and social divides. Mainstreaming the third sector is the urgent call of the day. Islamic entrepreneurship, which is basically a communitycentric mode of business initiative, is an antidote to the problem of intolerable economic and social dualism in the economies. It is a natural strategy against all forms of capitalist exploitations, like in the past through European colonialism and now through American led terrorism, to control resources. Accordingly it is the natural model for solving the problems of economic inequity, concentration of wealth, and social divides. Therefore, this study finds the Islamic mode of entrepreneurship as most suitable and effective for widening and mainstreaming the third sector economics, more particularly in the developing countries. Johor Corporation (JCorp) in Malaysia and Sheba Polly in Bangladesh are examples of two types of Islamic style third sector enterprises one is staunchly business like initiative and the other is cost based charity initiative for social benefit. For the development and promotion of the community-centric third sector economics model, the paper recommends for urgently establishing a research and development centre on third sector economics preferably under an Islamic Research and Development Institute in any reputed university.IIUC Studies Vol.9 December 2012: 39-58
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Yusriadi, Yusriadi, Saidna Zulfiqar bin Tahir, M. Awaluddin, and Misnawati Misnawati. "Poverty Alleviation through Social Entrepreneur." Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) 3, no. 2 (December 2, 2020): 721–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v3i2.400.
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This research was conducted to determine the application of social entrepreneurship; this will be one solution to revive the country's economy, especially the business sector, which has had a huge impact due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of informants in this study was 10 mothers who received assistance from the Family Hope Program (PKH). The data in this study were obtained from the results of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study describe the existence of social entrepreneurs that were carried out on PKH beneficiary mothers who have given positive results to revive business groups in Indonesia which have an impact on COVID-19, especially which will contribute to the surrounding community for transformation by seeing business opportunities carried out with a social spirit in this era of COVID-19. Social entrepreneurs who are carried out through mentoring have opened new businesses in the economy, which will add to the heterogeneity of entrepreneurs in Indonesia
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O’Brien, Emma, Thomas M. Cooney, and Per Blenker. "Expanding university entrepreneurial ecosystems to under-represented communities." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 8, no. 3 (September 2, 2019): 384–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-03-2019-0025.
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Purpose Entrepreneurship education has moved from an elitist view focussing on a start-up and picking-the-winners philosophy towards a broader enterprising behaviour approach; recognising entrepreneurship as an activity of relevance for everybody. The purpose of this paper is to extend this development and identify how university entrepreneurial ecosystems can be expanded to support communities that are under-represented in entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach Based on an integrative literature review (Torraco, 2005), this paper draws together and synthesises literature from the field of entrepreneurship, higher education studies and under-represented communities in an integrated fashion, leading to the development of a new conceptual model. Findings This paper challenges the traditional role of universities in supporting entrepreneurship as focussing mainly on economic growth and new venture creation, and identifies how universities are also positioned to provide greater civic support to entrepreneurial learning amongst under-represented communities. Through a critical analysis of the literature, the conceptual model proposed identifies six key considerations in the expansion of university entrepreneurial ecosystems for under-represented communities. Practical implications There are currently 96.6m people at risk of poverty and social exclusion in the EU (OECD, 2017) and an estimated 43.1m Americans (US Census Bureau, 2017). This paper explores how university entrepreneurial ecosystems can be expanded to support minority and disadvantaged communities who are under-represented in terms of entrepreneurial activity. Originality/value Given that there is little research regarding how universities might activate inclusive entrepreneurship initiatives amongst under-represented communities, this paper expands existing knowledge as it identifies the key considerations encompassing university-led community collaborative enterprise support.
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Zulkifli, Nurdiana, and Muchsin. "Strengthening Economic Civic in Forming Independence of Santri as the Good Governance (Case Study of Al-Ittifaq Islamic Boarding School, Rancabali, Bandung)." Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal 2, no. 2 (June 3, 2020): 429–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/biohs.v2i2.241.
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Development of pesantren role in empowering the community is one of the important efforts to strengthen the role of people in development because the government still faces a variety of cultural and structural problems, as well as the private sector tends to deviate to gain unilateral advantages. In exercising their development, empowerment is an approach that is relevant to strengthen the role of the community (civil society). The research objective was to analyze (1) the values instilled in the process of establishing the independence of the students through economy civic, (2) conceptual model and praxis of strengthening economy civic in establishing the independence of students as a form of good governance, (3) the factors strengthening economy civic in establish independence of students as a form of good governance. This study used a qualitative approach with case study method. Data collected through interviews, observation, documentation studies and literature studies. Subjects of research include builder boarding schools, boarding schools administrators, and students. Qualitative data analysis consists of three activities, namely data reduction, a data display, and conclusion drawing / verification. The results showed some things (1) the values of self-reliance of students of pesantren Al-Ittifaq is highlight the work ethic, high discipline, and ready for hard work, (2) conceptual model in establishing the independence of students with learning system AKOSA (naturally, pointed out, though, and apply). Praxis in forming the independence of the students through the formation of the core committee of agribusiness, doing practical training, forming Agribusiness Incubator Center (PIA), cooperation / partnership, and formed working groups agribusiness. As a manifestation of good governance pesantren Al-Ittifaq role as the private sector to foster public economic activities around the village of Natural Endah through cooperative Al-Ittifaq, while as civil society has been able to interact actively with various activities such as religious, economic, educational, social, and political. (3) The internal factors strengthening economic civic been producing products ranging from production (vegetables and livestock), packing, and marketing and external factors natural conditions Desa Alam Endah fertile, has been establishment of cooperation with farmers' groups, government agencies (Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs, and the Ministry of Social Affairs), educational institutions, businesses (Yogya Group, Toserba Banjaran, Kopo Mall).
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Dvorský, Ján, Zora Petráková, Gentjan Çera, and Andrea Folvarčna. "Important factors for the entrepreneurship in Central Europe." Innovative Marketing 15, no. 2 (June 21, 2019): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.15(2).2019.06.
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The aim of this article is to define and quantify the significant factors (social environment, access to the financial resources and macroeconomic environment), which determine the perception of the entrepreneurial propensity of students for starting a new business in the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic and Poland in academic year 2016/2017. Empirical research was realized through questionnaire on the basis of 1,352 students (more than 1%level of significance) of the economic universities in the last year of their study in the Czech Republic, Slovak Republic and Poland. The statistical hypotheses were verified using multiple linear regression modelling. The results showed that the entrepreneurial propensity of students in all countries is mostly affected by the social environment. Czech students gave the social environment higher impact on the entrepreneurial propensity for starting a new business than Polish and Slovak students. The results indicate that access to the financial resources is also important for the entrepreneurial propensity of students in the Czech Republic. As for Polish and Slovak students, the access to the financial resources is not a significant factor to the entrepreneurial propensity in their countries. The results having been processed are the basic information for the academic community, public sector, ministry of education in the country, and other organizations whose effort is to help the students to start a new business in her/his country.
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Kirkman, Amber, Jill Wilkinson, and Shane Scahill. "Thinking about health care differently: nurse practitioners in primary health care as social entrepreneurs." Journal of Primary Health Care 10, no. 4 (2018): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc18053.
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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTIONChallenges facing the primary health-care sector mean that policymakers and clinicians need to think and act differently to move forward. The principles of social entrepreneurship have been implemented successfully for improved health outcomes in other developed nations. There is a knowledge gap around whether nurse practitioners (NPs) in New Zealand primary health care (PHC) align with these principles. AIMTo explore whether and how the innovative activities of primary care NPs can be described as socially entrepreneurial. METHODSA descriptive qualitative approach was used with data collected using semi-structured interviews with NPs working in primary care (n = 7). Data were analysed using general inductive thematic analysis techniques. RESULTSNurse practitioners interviewed worked in government-subsidised private general practice businesses. Two main themes emerged: (1) the nursing model of care aligned with social entrepreneurship; and (2) building social capital. NPs described a desire to see health care delivered differently and this aligned with acting as a social entrepreneur. Social capital emerged through the requirement to establish significant collaborative relationships. DISCUSSIONIt was found that NPs’ work can be described as socially entrepreneurial. The holistic, person and community-centred model of NP care has an ultimate mission of improved health outcomes. Social capital is built through collaborative relationships with other health-care providers, individual service users and the community. However, the juxtaposition of the business model in primary care prevents NPs from initiating and leading sustainable change.
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A. Hidalgo, Hanilyn, and Michael Cuesta. "Remodeling Livelihood Vulnerability Indicators for The Informal Food Microentrepreneurs." SEAS (Sustainable Environment Agricultural Science) 2, no. 1 (May 21, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/seas.2.1.672.1-9.
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Abstract
The informal sector consists of business enterprises that operate outside legal business frameworks. With the huge contribution of the informal sector in economic development, local authorities regard the sector as partners in local development initiatives. Among the industries in the informal sector, the role of the informal food sector in the food value chain is vital in addressing food security issues in the urban community. However, the absence of social protection in the informal sector makes their livelihood more vulnerable to economic losses. The Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) approach is a practical tool for assessing how vulnerable the sector is and which livelihood component contributes to its vulnerability. Inopportunely, studies on LVI are only centered to farming communities. This paper explores the development of livelihood vulnerability indicators that can be utilized to off-farm enterprises predominantly to the informal food microenterprises. The indicators were sourced from LVI and entrepreneurship studies using the major vulnerability factors such as adaptive capacity, sensitivity, and exposure. The developed livelihood vulnerability indicators quantify the seven livelihood components of the informal food microenterprises such as the demographic profile, social network, livelihood strategies, health security, food security, access to utilities and disaster experience.
Keywords: remodeling, livelihood vulnerability index, microentrepreneurs.
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Goddard, John. "Covid-19. Civic Universities, Societal Innovation and the Recovery of Local Communities." Symphonya. Emerging Issues in Management, no. 1 (2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4468/2021.1.06goddard.
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Corona virus has had a differential impact on not only various age and ethnic groups but also on different localities. In many of these places, universities have hitherto acted in dual roles as key anchor and as knowledge institutions. During the crisis, many universities have worked with heath service providers, businesses, local authorities and the community and voluntary sector with real pace, skill and scale in a way that has reinforced the trust and confidence of local people in their universities. Whilst the immediate focus has been on the contribution of the medical and life sciences, civically minded universities have also drawn on the social sciences to help public authorities address the challenges of economic and social recovery in a more sustainable and inclusive way. This has required them to put citizens at the heart of placed based societal innovation. Going forward universities and their funders must learn from the good they have done during the health crises and then seek to build a ‘new normal’ based on values rather than on quasi-artificial performance metrics. A values approach would embed a university more strongly within local government structures where it could then benefit from political influence and financial systems. Firms of all sizes and from all places, local and national would then be much more aware of the contribution universities can make to society in the round.
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Thompson, Gareth. "Help for Heroes: From organizational discourse to a new orthodoxy." Public Relations Inquiry 7, no. 1 (January 2018): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2046147x17753438.
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This article offers an account of the institutional entrepreneurship behind the formation of the UK charity for military veterans, Help for Heroes, along with an analysis of the symbols, narratives and rhetoric that made up its organizational discourse. Tracing the development of the charity since its launch in 2007, the inquiry considers the means of transmission used by Help for Heroes to diffuse its organizational discourse, arguing that a dualistic promotional approach across elite and mass media – narrative through a network of support from mass media outlets as well as individual actors, such as members of the Royal Family, politicians and celebrities – helped to propagate a new national orthodoxy of veterans as heroes. The conclusion is that 10 years after its foundation, Help for Heroes’ discursive legacy has reinvigorated the veteran charity sector in a way not seen since the end of World War I and established a wide and deep level of support among civic society for veterans as a social cause, regardless of the level of support for the underlying military operations.
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Tîrziu, Andreea-Maria, and Catalin Vrabie. "Stimulating youth entrepreneurship in the public sector’s organizations." Global Journal of Sociology: Current Issues 7, no. 2 (September 10, 2017): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjs.v7i2.2396.
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AbstractAn entrepreneurial education and work culture brings changes in the relation between the public sector’s organizations and its interested parties. More precisely, it is a question of changing managerial and organizational education practices towards self-direction, innovativeness, flexibility and responsibility. Understanding how public sector’s organizations operate in an entrepreneurial manner is also helpful for supporting growth within the business community. This article aims at presenting a framework on young people’s possibilities of becoming successful entrepreneurs within the public sector’s organizations,showing a literature review that concentrates on the entrepreneurship subject, with focus on youth and the public sector’s field. The results are the research made by using studies on this subject, thus leading to a proper use of entrepreneurial means, knowledge and start-up activities that allow an evolved education, self-responsibility and autonomy. We will see that the entrepreneurship concept has been expanded and a strong tendency is in favor of placing entrepreneurship in the center of attention, being regarded as natural in more contexts than the economic one. The wide understanding aims at developing abilities – power of initiative, energy, creativity, cooperation and responsibility, whereas the narrow understanding is more aimed at students obtaining business and self-engaging knowledge regarding personal growth activities.
Keywords: Social innovation, public sector, youth, entrepreneurship education.
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Trivedi, Chitvan, and Shalini Misra. "Dialogue and the Creation of Transformative Social Change: The Case of Social Enterprises." Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline 21 (2018): 107–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4012.
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Aim/Purpose: To understand the process of social change creation in social entrepreneurial ventures (SEVs), specifically emphasizing the role and nature of the communicative process in social change creation. Background: Drawing on data from seven SEVs from India and the US and employing a grounded theory methodology, this research scrutinizes the social change process and uncovers the role and characteristics of dialogue in this process. Methodology: Qualitative data was collected from seven social entrepreneurial organizations over a period of eight months from July 2011 to February 2012. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a wide range of members within these social entrepreneurial organizations (n=27) with additional informal interviews with field workers and volunteers. Data from the semi-structured interviews and notes from observations were integrated with analyses of archival resources. Contribution: There is little scholarship about the process of social change creation and the necessary conditions to promote social change over time. Understanding the process of social change creation and the individual, interpersonal, and organizational conditions that facilitate the process is central to design of effective trans-sector TD problem solving ventures. This paper focuses on the process of social change creation in social entrepreneurial settings, specifically emphasizing the role and nature of the communicative process in social change creation. Findings: The reflections and experiences of the members of SEVs revealed that social entrepreneurship is a collective endeavor and this collective character is essential to its success. Collective organization and synergy, deep intra-organizational communication, and a conducive organizational context are critical for the creation of collective wisdom and knowledge networks for long-term collaborative community capacity building. Dialogue emerged as a central category linking the other categories to explain the process of social change creation. Organic organizational structure enables knowledge creation and integration through the process of organizational learning through deep and continuous social interaction, or dialogue. Recommendations for Practitioners: This research elucidated the key characteristics of the organizational context required to support the creation of social change. It also identified the critical role and characteristics of the communicative process required to generate structural knowledge and collective wisdom at the organizational level. Recommendation for Researchers: For individual and organizational learning, trans-sector transdisciplinary organizations require an appropriate organizational context. Key elements of such an organizational context include (1) understanding the ecology of the social problem; (2) organic organizational structure; (3) continuous and deep social interaction among all levels of the organization; (4) employee and community autonomy and empowerment; and (5) attention to subtle environmental changes in the system. These elements in combination lead to the creation of collective wisdom. Collective wisdom then feeds back into the conception, planning, and action stages of the iterative cycle of organizational knowledge creation to create positive social change. Impact on Society: Same as above Future Research: Future research model theoretically and study empirically the ecology of social entrepreneurship and trans-sector TD problem solving more broadly. For example, the ways in the personal attributes of social entrepreneurs (e.g., their leadership style, networking abilities) combine with circumstances at organizational, institutional, and international levels to influence the effectiveness of their efforts to promote positive social change within local and global communities. Second, the grounded theoretical framework developed here should be further refined and elaborated through the identification of additional key contextual factors that affect SEVs’ capacity to promote positive social change and to achieve sustainability in different socio-environmental contexts. There is also a need to translate the findings from this research to facilitate the creation of more inclusive problem solving contexts and practices.
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García-Ramos, Constantino, and Almudena Martínez-Campillo. "The Service-Learning methodology applied to Operations Management: From the Operations Plan to business start up." WPOM-Working Papers on Operations Management 8 (June 7, 2017): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wpom.v8i0.7200.
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<p class="Abstract">A teaching innovation methodology characterized for being a link between the students´ learning process and the University Social Responsibility is the "Service-Learning" (SL). Recently, it is been emphasized that teachers in the field of Business Management should use teaching methods that promote civic values and social commitment. In this line, the SL complements the economic-financial education that students receive, allowing them to develop important professional and personal skills as well as to receive training according to socially responsible principles, since they learn by working in community service initiatives.</p><p class="Abstract">Our SL experience consisted in combining the teaching innovation in five subjects taught at the University of León (Spain) –where one of them is from the field of Operations Management– with the provision of a free support service for rural women's entrepreneurship. In the current unemployment situation, a possible alternative is the creation of an own company. However, female entrepreneurs have to develop their business idea and to demonstrate its viability, which poses them serious difficulties due to lack of training, experience or even advice on the matter. After detecting this social need, our experience consisted in organizing multidisciplinary groups of students to guide female entrepreneurs in rural areas during the whole entrepreneurship process.</p><p class="Abstract">After developing this activity of teaching innovation, we can conclude that the SL is a good methodology to improve the academic, personal and social development of students, suggesting that it is possible to join their academic success with the social commitment of the University.</p><strong></strong>
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Tirtoni, Feri, and Fidaus Su’udiyah. "PRELIMINARY RESEARCH ABOUT THE FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN OF MONOLITHIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP CURRICULUM (Study At Civics Court In Elementary School Teacher Education Program Faculty Of Teacher Training and Education University of Muhammadiyah Sidoa." JURNAL PENDIDIKAN DASAR NUSANTARA 4, no. 1 (July 10, 2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29407/jpdn.v4i1.11979.
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The draft of entrepreneurship curriculum design in monolithic program of PGSD Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo (UMSIDA), an entrepreneurship-based curriculum design which will be internalized in the course of PKN and all student activities activities both inside and outside the campus so as to provide the impact that affects the life skills of students after graduating from college. This research uses the research and development approach of the Dick and Carey development model through step 1 analysis which contains three procedural steps in the Dick and Carey development model among which analyzes the need to identify the purpose of developing the design of the entrepreneurship curriculum monolithics on the subject of Civics (asses needs to identity goals), analyze instructional analysis, analyze learners and contexts, 2) develop, design, and 4) implementation (implementation). Based on result of trial I with average score 4,1 with good criterion and trial II with average score 4.5 with very good criterion which have been conducted in this research found new data that course of PKn in Prodi PGSD will can run more interesting if the lecturers are interested in doing a development in the learning process. Such as by using the learning system of Civics courses with the integration of entrepreneurship character in monolithic. This is shown so that the students to have an interest in the process of learning Civics and at the time of learning Civics not only learn the theory materials, but also can learn about the character values. After studying by using integration of entrepreneurship character in monolithic at Civic course, it seems that there is a change to student's learning style, so that orientation is more to develop a personality and character of student to have more analytical and critical attitude. The result of the learning process also shows the students are more responsive to all events and events that exist and occur around the social environment, this began to appear when students make presentations on ideas and ideas that will be done when they are back in the community, there is a material discussed will always be linked about the role of a prospective teacher to the life of the surrounding community.
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Mazzanti, Giovanni Maria, Giulio Ecchia, and Tamami Komatsu. "Innovative partnerships for the utilization of confiscated assets previously owned by mafias." Social Enterprise Journal 12, no. 1 (May 3, 2016): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sej-08-2015-0019.
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Purpose The third sector is a producer of trust and positive social interactions, while the mafias destroy trust and social norms. Confiscation of assets and reusing confiscated assets are important tools from an economic and symbolic point of view for contrasting the mafias and promoting a sustainable and fair economy. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of the third sector for reusing confiscated assets. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a theoretical analysis of why a third sector role is utilized for reusing confiscated assets, thus focusing on the economic, social and cultural dimensions. Italian legislation and data are presented for showing the relevant and innovative role of the third sector for reusing confiscated assets. A case study of the city of Forlì, based in Northern Italy, is presented and is of particular interest because it is a part of Italy that does not have a historical presence of the mafias. The University of Bologna is now a partner of the project through the Observatory of Legality. Five hectares of confiscated, urban land have been given to two social cooperatives for organic agriculture and social gardening, which are managed by disadvantaged people working in the cooperatives. Findings The case study offers useful implications for other national and international situations. The results support that the third sector can be an effective partner in managing and restoring the goods to their community. Research limitations/implications A suggested focus on a European framework toward a more integrated approach for reusing confiscated assets. Practical implications An opportunity for policy decisions to be made toward a stronger approach for reusing confiscated assets via the third sector and civil society actors, starting from positive cases, such as the Forlì case study. Social implications Possibility of a stronger civic engagement for reusing confiscated assets previously owned by mafias. Originality/value Scaling up from a pioneering activity to a large-scale network of social enterprises and partnerships could make the difference.
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Majewska, Justyna. "Wyzwalanie ducha przedsiębiorczości w środowisku społecznym gminy dla rozwoju lokalnego." Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja 2 (January 1, 2006): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20833296.2.9.
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Small communities coexisted with global processes seems to be more and more important in „new economy”. Challenges to territorial socio-economic systems provide a context for the development of entrepreneurship and require from local governments and other local and regional organisations to change their attitude and the way they operate. To adjust to a fast-changing economy, local government managers must adopt entrepreneurial and pro-efficiency attitudes, and at the same time inspire social initiative in the community. Efficient functioning of spatial units and their ability to build modern local structures that can use endogenous resources in an effective way improves their competitiveness. But in order to build such competitiveness, local governments must be able . and be eager . to stimulate entrepreneurship in their communities. This can be done in the context of economic diversification, like in the example of Polkowice municipality, where economic changes have been anticipated and necessary actions taken to develop a service economy, including tourism and recreation sector.
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Mohapatra, Sanjay, Lokesh Sabharwal, and Ankita Sood Sabharwal. "Bridge: The Missing Link." Asian Case Research Journal 17, no. 01 (June 2013): 181–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218927513500089.
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This case illustrates how a social entrepreneur can come up with innovative and creative ideas which can benefit all stakeholders. It focuses on the education sector, its problems and the lacuna where the BRIDGE has tried to fit in. The case emphasises on the decisions which the founding members had to make when it comes to the mode of delivering their idea which finally took the shape of an Education Megafest. It also underscores the decisions that were taken by these people in the course of organizing the Education Megafest of a large scale. Everything from idea conceptualization to branding of the event was done in a matter of six months and saw a turnover of around 6000 students. The case can be taught in social entrepreneurship courses to illustrate social entrepreneur chain management with community participation.
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Barisan, Luigino, Marco Lucchetta, Cristian Bolzonella, and Vasco Boatto. "How Does Carbon Footprint Create Shared Values in the Wine Industry? Empirical Evidence from Prosecco Superiore PDO’s Wine District." Sustainability 11, no. 11 (May 29, 2019): 3037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11113037.
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Nowadays, the wine sector’s entrepreneurs are increasingly aware of the relevance of sustainability representing a crucial point for society, economy and the environment. This paper aims to describe Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG (Controlled and Guaranteed Denomination of Origin) firms’ behaviour focusing on how strategic incorporation of environmentally sustainable practices and social actions contribute to strengthen their competitiveness and deliver shared value for the community. Using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), survey data from 128 sparkling wine firms are analysed. The results highlight the roles of carbon footprint and employment as drivers in the creation of shared values (SVs), considering the major export markets of Prosecco Superiore DOCG. This empirical evidence may be of interest to firms in the wine sector when considering, in their business decisions, the added commercial value that is derived for the adoption of environmental practices and sustainable social actions. Hence, following this logic, they can manage more inclusive and virtuous paths towards positive social entrepreneurship and an environmental externality to the community.
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Lyken-Segosebe, Dawn, Tshegofatso Mogotsi, Sakarea Kenewang, and Bonolo Montshiwa. "Stimulating Academic Entrepreneurship through Technology Business Incubation: Lessons for the Incoming Sponsoring University." International Journal of Higher Education 9, no. 5 (June 22, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n5p1.
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Universities facilitate academic entrepreneurship or their ‘third mission’ by making available supporting mechanisms such as science and technology parks, incubators, and entrepreneurship programs. Botswana’s STEM University seeks to develop a technology park in which it will commercialize the research and intellectual property developed by its faculty members, students, research centers and the country’s private sector through incubation and other processes. As a business support process, technology business incubation nurtures start-up companies and mitigates the risk of their early failure. In this enabling environment, start-ups can concentrate on technology transfer and later “hatch” or leave the incubator financially viable and self-sustaining. Pursuing academic entrepreneurship and the university-model of technology business incubation present benefits for the country, the local community and the university in terms of economic development, economic diversification, job creation, technology development, viable firms, successful products, and the enhancement of university income and prestige. However, university and faculty culture, and the extent of faculty members’ knowledge and skills in entrepreneurship and social capital may temper this potential. Utilizing a narrative review of the literature, this paper sought to identify critical issues a newly-participating university should be aware of as it seeks to adopt the university-model of business incubation to facilitate its transformation from a primary focus on its traditional research and teaching missions to one also based on the formal commercialization activities characterizing academic entrepreneurship. The paper informs on approaches the university may adopt to encourage academic entrepreneurship among its faculty members.
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'Sullivan, Gael. "The Saathiya Trusted Partner Program in India: Meeting Young Couples' Reproductive Health Needs." Social Marketing Quarterly 14, no. 3 (August 26, 2008): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15245000802261324.
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Saathiya, or “trusted partner” in Hindi, is an apt name for a new private sector social marketing initiative designed to help young married couples in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh make informed choices about how many children to have and when to start their families. Supported by funding from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), contributions from eight different pharmaceutical and medical association partners, and technical guidance from Abt Associates through the Private Sector Partnerships-One Project (PSP-One), Saathiya was launched in October 2007 at a press conference led by local government and civic officials, USAID, and the medical community. Program innovations include an intervention/control research design to track changes in family planning-related knowledge, attitudes, and behavior, expansion of the service delivery network to include traditional medical doctors, a “basket” of four different short-acting contraceptives that are cobranded with the Saathiya program, and a youth-friendly promotional strategy that employs a helpline, short message service (SMS) text messaging, and the Internet in additional to traditional channels.
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French, Kirk D., Kirk D. Straight, and Elijah J. Hermitt. "BUILDING THE ENVIRONMENT AT PALENQUE: THE SACRED POOLS OF THE PICOTA GROUP." Ancient Mesoamerica 31, no. 3 (August 30, 2019): 409–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536119000130.
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AbstractThroughout the world, past and present, social organizations develop to cope with restricted water sources. Relying on traditional archaeology, labor estimates, and ethnographic data, the Palenque Pool Project set out to better understand a series of interconnected artificial water features located in the western sector of this Classic Maya site. Here, we detail our 2014–2015 fieldwork. First, there is consideration that the Picota Group was a civic-ceremonial center first established in the Early Classic period (a.d. 250–500), one km to the west of the “downtown” nucleus of the site. A review of labor estimates for the construction of architectural features of the Picota Group follows. We then explore the ethnographic component, comparing similar pool configurations investigated in the highland Tzotzil community of Chamula in 2015. The article concludes with a theoretical discussion of how and why social organizations evolve to manage water resources in the region, with reference to ethnographic information from highland Tzotzil communities.