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Journal articles on the topic 'Social construct'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 April 2022

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1

Hodson, Gordon. "Construct jangle or construct mangle? Thinking straight about (nonredundant) psychological constructs." Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology 5, no. 4 (October 2021): 576–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jts5.120.

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2

Marsh, Herbert W., John K. Antill, and John D. Cunningham. "Masculinity and Femininity: A Bipolar Construct and Independent Constructs." Journal of Personality 57, no. 3 (September 1989): 625–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1989.tb00566.x.

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3

Nyborg, Helmuth. "Race as Social Construct." Psych 1, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 139–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/psych1010011.

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It is often claimed that race is a social construct and that scientists studying race differences are disruptive racists. The recent April 2018 “Race Issue” of the widely distributed National Geographic Magazine (NG) provided its millions of readers with a particularly illustrative example of this position. As discussions of race issues often recur, in both scientific and lay literature, stir considerable polemics, and have political, societal and human implications, we found it of both scientific and general interest to identify and dissect the following partly overlapping key contentions of the NG race issue magazine: (1) Samuel Morton’s studies of brain size is reprehensible racism (2) Race does not relate to geographic location, (3) Races do not exist as we are all equals and Africans, (4) Admixture and displacement erase race differences as soon as they appear, and (5) Race is only skin color deep. Also examined is the claim that Race does not matter. When analyzed within syllogistic formalism, each of the claims is found theoretically and empirically unsustainable, as Morton’s continuously evolving race position is misrepresented, race relates significantly to geography, we are far from equals, races have definitely not been erased, and race, whether self-reported or defined by ancestry, lineage, ecotype, species, or genes, is much more than skin color deep. Race matters vitally for people and societies. We conclude that important research on existing population differences is hurt when widely respected institutions such as NG mobilize their full authority in a massively circulated attempt to betray its scientific and public readership by systematically misrepresenting historical sources and scientific positions, shaming past scientists, and by selectively suppressing unwanted or unacceptable results–acts included as examples of academic fraud by the National Academy of Sciences (US, 1986). Any unqualified a priori denial of the formative evolutionary aspects of individual and population differences threatens to impede the recent promising research on effects of genome wide allelic associations, which would lames us in the vital quest to develop rational solutions to associated globally pressing societal problems.

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4

Dowling, Grahame. "Defining and measuring corporate social reputations." Annals in Social Responsibility 2, no. 1 (May 3, 2016): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/asr-08-2016-0008.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline a theory-based approach to defining the corporate reputation construct. Design/methodology/approach The approach taken is to describe how to create a well-formed nominal definition of a construct and then show how this definition is translated into an operational definition that guides the selection of an appropriate measure. New definitions of corporate social reputation and appropriate measures of this construct are provided to illustrate this framework. Findings The definitional framework used suggests that many measures of corporate social responsibility and reputation are under specified. Thus, the measures derived from these definitions are poorly constructed. The strengths and weaknesses of three new types of measure of corporate social reputation are reviewed. Practical implications For scholars the advantages of creating a well-formed definition are that it will lead to a valid measure of the construct under investigation. This will then help to better interpret what are significant findings and non-findings of empirical research. Originality/value This paper is an extension of the author’s previous work on defining the corporate reputation construct. Because what is meant by corporate social responsibility is contested amongst scholars this and related constructs need more precise definition and measurement. This paper offers a theory-based approach to achieve this aim.

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5

Krosnick, Jon A., David S. Boninger, Yao C. Chuang, Matthew K. Berent, and Catherine G. Carnot. "Attitude strength: One construct or many related constructs?" Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 65, no. 6 (December 1993): 1132–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.65.6.1132.

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6

Goonasekera, Anura. "News as a Social Construct." Media Asia 19, no. 1 (January 1992): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01296612.1992.11726373.

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7

Edwards, Allen L. "Construct validity and social desirability." American Psychologist 45, no. 2 (February 1990): 287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.45.2.287.

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8

Nolan, Yvonne. "Obesity as a social construct." Journal of Health Visiting 5, no. 6 (June 2, 2017): 276–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/johv.2017.5.6.276.

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9

Bauman, Zygmunt. "Survival as a Social Construct." Theory, Culture & Society 9, no. 1 (February 1992): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026327692009001002.

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10

Sarason, Irwin G., and Barbara R. Sarason. "Social support: Mapping the construct." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 26, no. 1 (February 2009): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407509105526.

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Social support is a construct with multiple dimensions that can be approached at multiple levels. Findings from a variety of disciplines and recognition of its bidirectional nature can help map the construct. Bidirectionality is a process that requires attention to moderators, such as, gender, cultural change, and personal development, together with the relationship between the receiver and the provider of support. Both close personal ties and weaker ones that often are part of community involvement need to be taken into account in order to map the construct comprehensively.

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11

Sapon-Shevin, Mara. "Giftedness as a Social Construct." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 89, no. 1 (September 1987): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146818708900105.

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12

Santos, Thiago Oliveira, Abel Correia, Rui Biscaia, and Ann Pegoraro. "Examining fan engagement through social networking sites." International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship 20, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 163–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsms-05-2016-0020.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to conceptualise and measure the construct of fan engagement through social networking sites (SNS).Design/methodology/approachA multi-stage procedure was completed to validate the proposed fan engagement through SNS model with three first-order constructs (fan-to-fan relationships, team-to-fan relationships and fan co-creation). First, a preliminary analysis of the proposed items to capture fan engagement through SNS was conducted through expert review. Second, an assessment of item reliability and construct validity was completed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Finally, CFA and subsequent structural equation model were conducted to review the psychometric properties and to test the relationships between the proposed construct with online and offline behavioural intentions.FindingsThe results indicate good psychometric properties of the constructs of fan-to-fan relationships, team-to-fan relationships and fan co-creation, and these three constructs were significantly related with the second-order construct of fan engagement through SNS. Additionally, the construct of fan engagement through SNS was significantly related to both online and offline behavioural intentions.Practical implicationsThese findings suggest that teams should use SNS to interact with fans, to allow fans to share experiences and to involve fans in co-creation processes aimed at increasing engagement and subsequent positive behavioural intentions towards the team.Originality/valueThis study extends previous research by measuring fan engagement through SNS as a multidimensional construct, and testing its predictive effect on fans’ online and offline behavioural intentions. Several suggestions for future studies and strategies for increasing fan engagement can be drawn from this study.

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13

Mejía, Shannon, Karen Hooker, Nilam Ram, Tuan Pham, and Ron Metoyer. "Capturing Intraindividual Variation and Covariation Constructs: Using Multiple Time-Scales to Assess Construct Reliability and Construct Stability." Research in Human Development 11, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15427609.2014.906728.

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14

Rains, Prue, Linda Davies, and Margaret McKinnon. "Social Services Construct the Teen Mother." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 85, no. 1 (January 2004): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.255.

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15

Zobenica, Adela. "Addiction : Disease and/or social construct." Socioloski pregled 53, no. 1 (2019): 233–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/socpreg53-20196.

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16

Sokuler, Zinaida A. "Is Pythagoras's Theorem a Social Construct?" Russian Studies in Philosophy 50, no. 4 (April 2012): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/rsp1061-1967500406.

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17

Akman, Varol. "Rethinking context as a social construct." Journal of Pragmatics 32, no. 6 (May 2000): 743–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-2166(99)00067-3.

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18

Husted, Bryan W., and Brian Shaffer. "Operationalizing the Corporate Social Performance Construct." Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society 9 (1998): 659–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/iabsproc1998962.

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19

Rochlin, Gene I. "Safe operation as a social construct." Ergonomics 42, no. 11 (November 1999): 1549–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/001401399184884.

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20

Trobst, Krista K. "Social Support as an Interpersonal Construct." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 15, no. 3 (September 1999): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//1015-5759.15.3.246.

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Summary: The present article relied upon interpersonal theory ( Sullivan, 1953 ), the interpersonal circumplex model ( Leary, 1957 ), resource exchange theory ( Foa & Foa, 1974 ), and the meta-constructs of agency and communion ( Bakan, 1966 ; Wiggins, 1991 ) in the attempt to explicate a theoretical and measurement model of social support. The Support Actions Scale - Circumplex (SAS-C; Trobst, in press ) provides a circumplex measure of social support whose psychometric characteristics are comparable to the best circumplexes reported in the literature. Empirical findings using this recent measure are summarized and interpreted with respect to an interpersonal theory perspective.

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21

Zahavi, Dan. "Is the Self a Social Construct?" Inquiry 52, no. 6 (December 8, 2009): 551–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00201740903377826.

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22

Andreasen, Robin O. "Race: Biological Reality or Social Construct?" Philosophy of Science 67 (September 2000): S653—S666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/392853.

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23

Scenters‐Zapico, J. "The social construct of enthymematic understanding." Rhetoric Society Quarterly 24, no. 3-4 (August 1994): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02773949409391019.

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24

Aho, James A. "White man as a social construct." European Legacy 4, no. 3 (June 1999): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10848779908579972.

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25

Nicholson, Robert A., and Robert Hogan. "The construct validity of social desirability." American Psychologist 45, no. 2 (February 1990): 290–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.45.2.290.

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26

Ekehammar, Bo, Jim Sidanius, and Ingrid Nilsson. "Social Status: Construct and External Validity." Journal of Social Psychology 127, no. 5 (October 1987): 473–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1987.9713731.

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27

Campbell, Anne. "Cultural identity as a social construct." Intercultural Education 11, no. 1 (April 2000): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14675980050005370.

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28

White, David F. "Adolescence: Social Construct or Eternal Verity?" Journal of Youth and Theology 15, no. 2 (September 30, 2016): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24055093-01502002.

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Since its emergence as a discrete ministry in the early 1970s, youth ministry has functioned in a void, oblivious of the long history of young people. Unaware of historic social forces and roles that sometimes empowered and at other times limited young people, youth ministry functioned in following decades as if adolescents were by nature characteristic of the American status quo – with its prolonged education, minimal involvement in the common good, tension with parents and authorities, and a ravenous hunger for commodities. By the late 1990s, due to a flurry of historical research, youth ministry professionals became aware that adolescence was a relatively recent and not entirely benign cultural invention. But recently, author Crystal Kirgiss, has sought to debunk the notion of adolescence as a modern social construction by offering historical accounts illuminating the vast commonalities between youth of all historic ages. This review affirms the rich historical work done by Kirgiss as constituting a contribution to youth ministry, but also challenges her essentialism as dangerous and unwarranted.

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29

Maurer, PhD, Laura Levy. "The Social Construction of Mistrust." Research in Health Science 4, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): p177. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/rhs.v4n3p177.

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I intend to contribute to the knowledge base about the nature of mistrust as a social construct. My inquiry includes an unpacking of the construct of mistrust from the construct of trust based in the current literature. Once situated, I undertook a semiotic study of empirical data about the construct of mistrust based on the experiences of stakeholders in a local nonprofit organization as events unfolded during a 9-month period from August 2018 until April 2019. Applying repeated iterations of the data I constructed a contextualized thick description of mistrust. The findings of the study impact the common sense and didactic interpretations of mistrust. Practitioners of social change can apply the results to expand available strategies to mitigate mistrust and reduce the stresses that compromise the resources available to their communities and organizations to fulfill their objectives.

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30

Permuy, Victoria, and Alicia Risso. "¿Es la sobreprotección un constructo diferente del apoyo social? || Is overprotection a different construct of social support?" Revista de Estudios e Investigación en Psicología y Educación 1, no. 1 (July 1, 2014): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/reipe.2014.1.1.22.

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31

Grande, Gesine, Matthias Romppel, Matthias Michal, and Elmar Brähler. "The Type D Construct." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 30, no. 4 (January 1, 2014): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000189.

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The interaction of negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI), known as the Type D personality, is associated with a worse prognosis in cardiac patients. Until now, causal models have been speculative, and this is partly due to a lack of clarity related to the validity of SI, its role in emotion regulation, and the postulated independence of social and emotional functioning. To examine the construct validity of the Type D personality, we analyzed associations of NA and SI with different measures of affectivity, social anxiety, and social competencies in a German population-based representative sample (n = 2,495). Both NA and SI were associated with all other measures of social functioning and negative affect (all rs > .30) and showed considerable cross-loadings (NA: a 1 = .39, a 2 = .63; SI: a1 = .73 and a2 = .34) in a two-factor solution with the factors labeled as Social Functioning and Negative Affectivity. The SI subscale did not properly differentiate between social fears and social competencies, which emerged as rather different aspects of social functioning. Further studies should examine the effect of broader dimensions of social orientation and competencies and their interaction with NA on cardiac prognosis.

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32

Karakulak, Ozgu, and Thomas B. Lawrence. "How Do Social Partnerships Construct Social Problems? A Social-Symbolic Work Perspective." Academy of Management Proceedings 2021, no. 1 (August 2021): 16367. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2021.190.

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33

Klion, Reid E. "CONSTRUCT ELICITATION TECHNIQUES AND THE PRODUCTION OF INTERPERSONAL CONCEPTS IN CHILDREN." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 13, no. 2 (January 1, 1985): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1985.13.2.137.

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Explorations into the development of children's constructs have failed to explore systematically the effects of sorting methods upon the content of a child's constructs. This study addressed this weakness by investigating the effects of construct elicitation techniques on the content of children's constructs. Utilizing kindergarten, second, fourth, and sixth grade subjects, it was found that dyadic sorting and free response methods of construct elicitation differentially affect the types of constructs produced. Dyadic sorting led to fewer behavioral constructs for the kindergarten and second grade groups while having a similar effect upon personality constructs for the fourth grade group. By the sixth grade, the method effect had disappeared. The results were discussed in terms of the implications for free response and dyadic sorting methods of construct elicitation with children.

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34

Rollock, David, and Scott R. Vrana. "Ethnic Social Comfort I: Construct Validity Through Social Distance Measurement." Journal of Black Psychology 31, no. 4 (November 2005): 386–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095798405280385.

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35

Hosking, Dian Marie. "Social Construction as Process." Concepts and Transformation 4, no. 2 (December 31, 1999): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cat.4.2.02hos.

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Here we outline one variant of social constructionism — one that emphasizes social ontologies as constructed in ongoing co-ordination processes. We stress that these may be constructed in relations between written and spoken words, non-verbal actions, artefacts, and objects 'in nature'. Relational processes often construct persons and worlds in either/or relations, but 'both/and' is also possible. We explore some 'new' both/and possibilities in various areas of practice showing, for example, that research can be viewed as construction and that it does not have to strive to enact the standard view of science. Instead, it might construct inclusive, multilogical, and heterarchical relations, constructing 'power to' go on in new ways. While social constructionist arguments do not demand any particular methods or relations, we suggest that there are good reasons why approaches of the sort described might be of value, might be more ecological, in today's fast', postcolonial, multi-cultural worlds.

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36

Flake, Jessica K., Jolynn Pek, and Eric Hehman. "Construct Validation in Social and Personality Research." Social Psychological and Personality Science 8, no. 4 (February 28, 2017): 370–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550617693063.

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The verity of results about a psychological construct hinges on the validity of its measurement, making construct validation a fundamental methodology to the scientific process. We reviewed a representative sample of articles published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology for construct validity evidence. We report that latent variable measurement, in which responses to items are used to represent a construct, is pervasive in social and personality research. However, the field does not appear to be engaged in best practices for ongoing construct validation. We found that validity evidence of existing and author-developed scales was lacking, with coefficient α often being the only psychometric evidence reported. We provide a discussion of why the construct validation framework is important for social and personality researchers and recommendations for improving practice.

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37

Bartlett, Katharine T., and Claire H. Liachowitz. "Disability as a Social Construct: Legislative Roots." Contemporary Sociology 18, no. 5 (September 1989): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2073347.

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38

Wambach, Julie Ann. "The Grief Process as a Social Construct." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 16, no. 3 (May 1986): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/xbb0-lhxe-fdlh-8q9m.

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The grief process was observed as a social construct during a 1981–82 field study of three widows support groups in Phoenix, Arizona. The grief process was accepted by widows and professionals as a fact that was not contestable. They shared the image of a survivor as a wayfarer through the territory of grief, and the grief process was seen as an aid for the widow on her journey. There were two forms of aid: as a timetable and as a guide. As a timetable, the grief process was a list of points of demarcation along the way with specified times for reaching each. Used as a timetable, the grief process contributed to widows' distress and concern about time and events. As a guide, the grief process was a series of sign posts the traveler could notice along the way to gauge her progress through grief; differences and changes were indicated over time but no appropriate durations were stipulated. Used as a guide, the grief process contributed to rebuilding widows' previously easy definition and placement of events within the flow of time. The investigator pointed out that the grief process was originally the product of scholarly writers and that these findings have implications for interactions among widows, popular writers, professionals, and researchers.

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39

D'Aprile, Gianvito, and Terri Mannarini. "Corporate social responsibility: a psychosocial multidimensional construct." Journal of Global Responsibility 3, no. 1 (May 4, 2012): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20412561211219283.

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40

Fioto, Barbara. "Social isolation: Important construct in community health." Geriatric Nursing 23, no. 1 (January 2002): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mgn.2002.122564.

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41

Swiatek, Mary Ann, and Tracy L. Cross. "Construct Validity of the Social Coping Questionnaire." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 30, no. 4 (June 2007): 427–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4219/jeg-2007-508.

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42

Gardner, James F., and Claire H. Liachowitz. "Disability as a Social Construct: Legislative Roots." Journal of American History 76, no. 4 (March 1990): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2936606.

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43

Lindsay, Jamie, and Peter Boyle. "The conceptual penis as a social construct." Cogent Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 1330439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2017.1330439.

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44

Gregg, Benjamin. "Indigeneity as Social Construct and Political Tool." Human Rights Quarterly 41, no. 4 (2019): 823–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hrq.2019.0063.

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45

Perera, Harsha N. "Construct Validity of the Social Provisions Scale." Assessment 23, no. 6 (July 28, 2016): 720–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191115589344.

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Extant theory posits well-differentiated dimensions of perceived social support as measured using the Social Provisions Scale (SPS). However, evidence is inconsistent with this multidimensionality perspective, with SPS factor correlations near unity and higher between-factor than within-factor item correlations. This article reports on research investigating the internal structure, gender invariance, and predictive validity of SPS scores. The analyses are conducted in a novel bifactor exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) framework, which is designed to account for presumed psychometric multidimensionality in SPS items due to (a) their fallibility as pure indicators of the constructs they are purported to measure and (b) the coexistence of general and specific factors. Based on 376 item responses, evidence was obtained for a bifactor-ESEM representation of the SPS data. In addition, support was found for the invariance of item thresholds and the latent mean invariance of six of the seven SPS factors in the retained solution. Only mean levels of Social Integration were found to differ by gender, with men scoring higher than women. Finally, evidence was obtained for the predictive validity of SPS scores with respect to loneliness and psychological well-being. Quite apart from yielding evidence validating the SPS, this research demonstrates the utility of bifactor ESEM for psychological assessment.

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46

Harrison, Judith R., Talida M. State, Steven W. Evans, and Terah Schamberg. "Construct and Predictive Validity of Social Acceptability." Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions 18, no. 2 (July 16, 2015): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098300715596135.

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47

Dwivedi, Abhishek, and Jay Weerawardena. "Conceptualizing and operationalizing the social entrepreneurship construct." Journal of Business Research 86 (May 2018): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.01.053.

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48

Gizatova, G. K., and O. G. Ivanova. "Image as a Construct of Social Reality." Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki 163, no. 4–5 (2021): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2021.4-5.222-229.

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In this article, the phenomenon of image and its formation were considered. Within the modern system of social knowledge, the concept of image has been widely used in psychology, politics, business, and PR. Social theorists are unanimous in their view that an interdisciplinary approach to studying this phenomenon is needed, because it is complex, multifaceted, and ambivalent. In order to analyze the complexity of image, we used the following methods: interdisciplinary, sociocultural, psycho-semiotic methods, as well as the content analysis of media products. The works of modern Russian and foreign theorists were discussed. Based on the results of the study, several important conclusions were drawn. Image develops under the influence of specific socio-cultural conditions, but, simultaneously, the image of a subject can induce their self-development. Therefore, the process of image formation is inextricably linked with the self-identification of a person, it acts as a mechanism for development of their identity. Like identity, image is a dialectical unity of the permanent and constantly changing, integral and fragmentary. Its formation is influenced by the system of values and social ideals that prevail in a specific historical period. Image is a social construct depending not only on objective factors, but also on subjective components that form broad semiotic and social meanings. In this sense, any image is a text.

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49

Madestam, Jenny, and Lena Lid Falkman. "Rhetorical construction of political leadership in social media." Journal of Organizational Change Management 30, no. 3 (May 8, 2017): 299–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-10-2016-0204.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze how political leaders can rhetorically use social media to construct their leadership, with a special focus on character – rhetorical ethos. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a qualitative case study which consisted of two political leaders’ activities on Twitter. The leaders were chosen on the basis of similarity – both foreign ministers in Scandinavian countries and early adapters to ICT. All tweets, including photos, for selected period were analyzed qualitatively with the classical rhetorical concept of ethos. Findings Social media is the virtual square for political leadership. The two political leaders studied use social media similarly for rhetorical means and aims, with ethos as rhetorical strategy. The rhetorical ethos they constructed differs radically though: busy diplomat vs a super-social Iron man. There is no single constructed ethos that political leaders aim for. Research limitations/implications Even though this is just one qualitative case study, it shows a variety of rhetorical means and constructs of ethos in political leadership. Practical implications The study shows a possibility for political leaders to construct their own image and character through social media, for a potentially large audience of voters, without being filtered by political parties or media. Originality/value This study contributes to the evolving area of rhetoric in leadership/management and it adds to knowledge about how political leaders use social media.

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50

Klion, Reid E. "Construct System Organization and Schizophrenia: The Role of Construct Integration." Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 6, no. 3-4 (September 1988): 439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1988.6.3-4.439.

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