To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Social change – Romania.
Journal articles on the topic 'Social change – Romania'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Social change – Romania.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Constantin, Pompiliu-Nicolae, Rares Stanescu, and Monica Stanescu. "Social Entrepreneurship and Sport in Romania: How Can Former Athletes Contribute to Sustainable Social Change?" Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 8, 2020): 4688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114688.
Full textAbstract:
Social entrepreneurship is an underrated subject in the field of sports. For Romanian society, the fall of communism opened up new opportunities in the entrepreneurial domain. At the same time, entrepreneurship began to intersect with sports, and the results were often productive. Sport is seen as a domain that could inspire entrepreneurship through its principles. The similarities between these two fields have created the perspective of common action in sport and entrepreneurship, and this coexistence has improved during times of social change. After 1989, Romania was confronted with many challenges at the societal level, and sport offered a way to address and to tackle social problems. Through sport, some athletes decided to contribute to issues of individuals or communities. They assumed the status of a social entrepreneur, and developed activities that could inspire others. This paper intends to gather examples of such social entrepreneurship from Romania, and to identify the elements that lead to success. The research takes into consideration case studies from various domains, and this diversity helps us to better understand the challenges of Romanian sport when it interacts with social entrepreneurship.
2
Voicu, Mălina. "Research Institute for Quality of Life: 30 years of activity on the benefit of Romanian society." Sociologie Romaneasca 18, no. 2 (November 11, 2020): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33788/sr.17.2.17.
Full textAbstract:
The Research Institute for Quality of Life at the Romanian Academy was established in January 1990 with the purpose of conducting research on social change in post-communist Romania. In 2020 RIQL celebrated 30 years of existence, 30 years in the service of Romania society. The celebration held in the aula of the Romanian Academy pointed out the great contribution of the institute to the development of social sciences and of Romanian society over the past three decades.
3
MOLDOVAN, Ionut-Daniel. "RESILIENCE AND SOCIAL CHANGE - ROMANIA AFTER 1989." Research and Science Today 20, no. 1 (March 15, 2020): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.38173/rst.2020.20.2.7:79-91.
Full text
4
Rotar, Marius. "On Civil and Free Marriages in Romania Before 1914." Journal of Family History 44, no. 2 (October 22, 2018): 200–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363199018807165.
Full textAbstract:
The current analysis looks at the ways in which free marriage was regarded in the Romanian society until 1914. The starting point is the change in the legal status of the institution of marriage in Romania starting with the nineteenth century. Laicization of marriage led in this way to heavy criticism from the part of the Romanian Orthodox Church. Under the influence of European models, the issue of free marriage started to gain ground in Romania as well. In conclusion, it is underlined that the subject was a minor one in Romania, being practiced only as exceptions to the rule.
5
Popescu, Liliana. "A Change of Power in Romania: The Results and Significance of the November 1996 Elections." Government and Opposition 32, no. 2 (April 1997): 172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1997.tb00156.x.
Full textAbstract:
THE ELECTIONS IN ROMANIA IN NOVEMBER 1996 WERE A TURNINGpoint in the political life of the country. They resulted in the victory of the Democratic Convention (DCR) and its presidential candidate, Emil Constantinescu, over the party dominated by reformedcommunists (the Party of Social Democracy of Romania, PSDR) and its candidate, the former president, Ion Iliescu.Professor Ghiţa Ionescu would have rejoiced in this long-awaited victory for the DCR. During his visit to Romania in 1993 he met many leading figures of the Democratic Convention, including Mr Constantinescu himself who, as Rector of the University of Bucharest, conferred upon him the doctorate honoris causa. He was also pleased to discover that one of his major books, Communism in Romania, had already been translated into Romanian (in 1992). Professor Ionescu was warmly welcomed and was particularly impressed by the enthusiasm of the young people, some of them academics, who were very actively engaged in the political struggle against the Iliescu regime.
6
ȘTEFĂNESCU, Anca. "THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ROMANIA TODAY." STRATEGIES XXI - National Defence College 1, no. 72 (July 15, 2021): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.53477/2668-5094-21-12.
Full textAbstract:
Romanian education is a great system that carries out a complex but extremely important process for our society. It seems to work but there is a lot to change even wherethings are seemingly going well. A complete analysis brings to our attention a tumultuous picture of the problems faced by education in Romania in an attempt to fully fulfill the social objective it has assumed. Education is changing with the evolution of technologies, society is changing every day, the global economy needs other skills and the world now needs much more complex things than 20 years ago. The question is, how can education be changed quickly and effectively? In general, the change in education is very difficult, but in order to complete such a process, a real and concrete analysis of what we have now is needed.Keywords: Romania, education, sistem, skills ,economy, educational reforms, Bologna Process, academic mobility, institutional autonomy
7
Bancu, Ariana. "Language profile and syntactic change in two multilingual communities." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v3i1.4364.
Full textAbstract:
This paper explores variables that can explain contact-induced linguistic variation and change in a situation where diachronic data is lacking and number of speakers is small. For example, in contexts involving language endangerment traditional sociolinguistic variables such as age, gender, and social class will not apply due to small number of participants. Furthermore, additional sociolinguistic variables such as degree of language use, language attitudes, etc. are needed to explaining contact-induced variation. The target language is Transylvanian Saxon (hereafter TrSax), an endangered language that coexists with German and Romanian in Romania and in émigré communities in Germany. I collected sociolinguistic and questionnaire data from two groups of trilingual speakers of TrSax, German, and Romanian. Six participants are from Viscri, Romania and six participants are part of a community of Transylvanian Saxons from Viscri, who moved to Nuremberg, Germany approximately 30 years ago. I illustrate the methodology I used for identifying the variables that distinguish the two groups and I discuss how these variables can be applied to analyze contact-induced variation in TrSax on hand of preliminary production data.
8
Sima, Violeta, and Ileana Georgiana Gheorghe. "Women Entrepreneurship in Romania." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 6, no. 3 (July 2017): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2017070103.
Full textAbstract:
Worldwide, since the mid-1970s, entrepreneurship is a vector of economic and social development, stimulating innovation and change. In the first part, after the literature review, a general overview of the Romanian labor market and female employment and management and women entrepreneurs on it was performed. Concerning the business, the developments and the labor market in Romania, the authors find that women are underrepresented compared to the share they hold in total. In this respect, in addition to specific policy, measures to stimulate entrepreneurship are required.
9
Antonescu, Bogdan, and Felicia Cărbunaru. "Lightning-Related Fatalities in Romania from 1999 to 2015." Weather, Climate, and Society 10, no. 2 (February 13, 2018): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-17-0091.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Lightning-related fatalities in Romania are analyzed and presented for the first time using data from the Romanian National Institute of Statistics. The database contains 724 lightning fatalities that occurred between 1999 and 2015 in Romania, corresponding to an average of 42.6 fatalities per year. The annual number of lightning fatalities decreased from 65 fatalities per year between 1999 and 2003 to 23.2 fatalities per year between 2011 and 2015. The majority of fatalities occurred in May–August (42% of all fatalities) with a peak in June (31%) and July (28%). The highest fatality rates (>2.6 fatalities per million inhabitants per year) are observed over southwestern Romania, a region characterized by high values of cloud-to-ground lightning density (>2 flashes per square kilometer per year) and by a relatively high percentage (>40%) of the population living in rural areas. The majority of fatalities (78%) were reported in rural areas. Approximately 78% of the victims were male. The most vulnerable group was males between the ages of 10–39 living in rural areas. To further reduce the lightning fatality rate in Romania, currently one of the highest in Europe, the authors argue that lightning mitigation activities and information campaigns about the risks associated with lightning should be initiated in Romania.
10
STANCIU, CEZAR. "THE END OF LIBERALIZATION IN COMMUNIST ROMANIA." Historical Journal 56, no. 4 (October 30, 2013): 1063–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x13000228.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTIn July 1971, one of the most non-conformist and Western-oriented leaders in the Soviet bloc, made what appeared to many as a radical turn of his domestic policy: liberalization of arts, culture, and social life were drastically limited and the communist party engaged on a course which was strongly inspired by Stalinism. Since then, questions had been raised as to the reasons and the timing of the change. This article explores various hypotheses in light of newly available archival documents in order to assess the role of the external factors in precipitating or determining the change. Soviet pressures are considered as well as the Chinese source of inspiration, as the change had been initiated shortly after Nicolae Ceauşescu's visit to China, demonstrating that the change was the product of interfering factors. What appeared at the time to be a sudden and unexpected change had in fact been prepared years before, under various forms. Romania was at the time dealing with growing social expectations due to liberalization measures, just as most other East European societies, but Ceauşescu chose to react differently, in the Chinese-style of mass mobilization, aiming to consolidate his party's grip on society and avert risks of Soviet intervention.
11
Gál, Katalin, and Rita Pásztor. "Silver Economy in Romania. Érmellék Case Study." Erdélyi Társadalom 18, no. 2 (2020): 75–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17177/77171.249.
Full textAbstract:
After the regime change in Romania significant changes in the structure of the population can also be observed, one aspect of which is aging. Our research examines the Romanian aspects of the silver economy on the example of Érmellék micro region. The studied North Bihor area is a disadvantaged micro-region where the social and economic changes of the last 30 years have not brought an easier life. These social changes can be seen in ethnic change, aging, the feminization of aging, and low educational attainment. According to economic indicators, people living here are characterized by low income and commuting lifestyle for working purposes. Accession to the European Union is mostly reflected in the increase in the number of border crossings points and cross-border labor force migration in this region. Thus, our research concerns the examination of the situation of the aging and elderly generation in Érmellék along the measures and services of the silver economy. After defining the concept of the silver economy and presenting the dimensions of the Active Aging Index, an analysis of the empirical data follows. Our study interprets the silver economy as a set of economic opportunities that address both the public and consumer expenditures associated with an aging population and the specific needs of the population over 50 years. During the data processing, through qualitative approach of the elderly population quality of life, we sought the answer to the question of the extent to which the silver economy, or some of its dimensions, can be accessed in Érmellék. In our study, we integrated the analysis of information from focus group interviews, professional and in-depth interviews in the framework of the exploratory research into the dimensions provided by the Active Aging Index. Along with the applied analytical logic, the presentation of the individual dimensions was supplemented with the processing of qualitative empirical material in addition to the secondary data, so we could get to know the conditions of active aging in Érmellék and the possibilities of the regional silver economy. Keywords: silver economy, active aging, quality of life of the elderly, social care, employment of the elderly, social participation of the elderly
12
Couzens, Meda. "Romanian Courts and the un Convention on the Rights of the Child: A Case Study." International Journal of Children’s Rights 24, no. 4 (December 20, 2016): 851–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-02404008.
Full textAbstract:
Romania has been a party to the un Convention on the Rights of the Child (crc), 1989, since 1990, and since then the crc is directly applicable by the courts and other state bodies. For a long time the country struggled to provide adequate protection for the rights of children. Well-known systemic problems affecting Romanian children were institutionalisation, inter-country adoptions, an inadequate child justice system, poverty, and discrimination, to name but a few. This article examines the application of the crc by the courts, and the impact which this has had on the protection of children’s rights in Romania. The selected constitutional and judicial (i.e. ordinary courts) jurisprudence examined in the article shows that courts have only marginally provided impetus for systemic change, but have, however, contributed to the protection of individual rights. A few potential causes for this state of affairs – divided into factors relating to the justice system in Romania and crc-related factors – are discussed.
13
Ivanescu, Mihaela. "PANDEMIC SIDE-EFFECTS OR SAME OLD ELECTORAL APATHY? THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 CRISIS ON THE 2020 PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS IN ROMANIA." Srpska politička misao 78, no. 4/2022 (November 8, 2022): 123–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22182/spm.7842022.8.
Full textAbstract:
The year 2020 was an electoral year in Romania, with local and parliamentary elections being held in September and December. In the midst of the pandemic crisis, with new rules to be followed, both during the electoral campaign and at the polls, none of the two electoral moments seemed to be visibly influenced by the sudden changes of the social context. Neither the turnout, nor the main electoral themes saw much change compared to previous elections. This paper seeks to analyze the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on the 2020 parliamentary elections in Romania, with an emphasis on the electoral turnout and the legislative changes that the pandemic has provoked and that contributed to maintaining parliamentary instability and fragmentation. Yet rather than being Covid-related complications, the fragmentation of the political right, the inability of the political left to form a majority despite winning the elections, the flaws of the electoral law, the apathy of the voters were all a by-product of the same old dysfunctions that haunt the Romanian political system. In this sense, we can argue that the pandemic continued to enable them further.
14
Abăseacă, Raluca. "Between continuities and social change: extra-parliamentary radical left in post-communist Romania." East European Politics 34, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21599165.2018.1424628.
Full text
15
Lipták, Katalin, Gábor Mélypataki, Magdolna Vallasek, and Zoltán Musinszki. "Changes in Working Time Rules since the Change of Regime in Hungary and Romania." Erdélyi Társadalom 18, no. 2 (2020): 127–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17177/77171.251.
Full textAbstract:
We examined two main questions in our paper, on the one hand, to find out how the legal regulations on working time and rest time have changed in Hungary and Romania in the last 3 decades, and on the other hand, to find out how the 20-29 age group relates to working time, overtime. In both countries, pre-transition labour codes have been replaced, bringing a new perspective to these countries. On the one hand, pre-regime change work organization models were partially or completely transformed, adapting to a new kind of capitalist market perception. Related to the previous two effects is the fact that both countries applied for membership in the European Union, which meant the incorporation of EU standards into national law and compliance with EU minimum standards. These EU effects have largely affected labour law and working time. In addition to the above, it is necessary to look not only at legal and economic changes, but also at social changes, shifts towards flexible legal relations and the effects of digitalisation. In the questionnaire, we asked young people (aged 20-29) with a degree in economics or law in Romania and Hungary, or who are still pursuing such studies, about how working time and overtime are perceived. As a research question, we formulated whether there is a difference or similarity between the opinions of young people living in Romania or Hungary in terms of working hours, overtime, and esteem from the employer. We hypothesize that this young age group, regardless of place of residence, typically has a similar view of working time and the labour market, but work experience has an influential power on the issue of working time. Keywords: labour law, working time, regime change, challenges
16
Tion, Lucian. "The Socialist Leader in Film: Sergiu Nicolaescu’s Hot Days in Romania and Post-Maoist China." Comparative Literature Studies 59, no. 3 (August 1, 2022): 468–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/complitstudies.59.3.0468.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT This article comparatively explores the reception of Sergiu Nicolaescu’s film Zile fierbinți (Hot Days, 1975) in socialist and postsocialist Romania and China. Received as a propagandistic film in one postsocialist context, the film is understood as a gesture toward social change in another. While the film began to be considered a paragon of propagandistic indoctrination in Romania after the fall of communism, in China Nicolaescu’s work was and continues to be interpreted as a celebration of the individual under socialism and, at the time of its screening, resonated with the restructuring of the communist system during the Deng Xiaoping reform era. Drawing on 1970s Romanian film criticism, the author shows that the postsocialist-era reading of the film’s protagonist as an authoritarian symbol of Romania’s political dictatorship misses that socialist realism and the film de actualitate genres played an important role in negotiating a working-class response to the one-party state, while also gesturing toward certain reforms of Romanian state socialism. The author also reinterprets the figure of the film’s protagonist, the socialist leader, as an invitation for more active political engagement and as a symbol of the potential restructuring of the Romanian economy along the more progressive lines of Yugoslavia’s “worker self-management” and Hungary’s “Gulash Communism.”
17
Voda, Mihai, Andrei Murgu, Constantin Adrian Sarpe, Steven M. Graves, and Calin Avram. "The Țigani Community Adaptability to Changes in Rural Romania and the COVID-19 Impact." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 20 (October 11, 2021): 10622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010622.
Full textAbstract:
Romanian rural villages are struggling to survive present times when youngsters leave for a better life in the city while elders work the land like a hundred years ago. Our paper integrates human environments research with public health preparedness, presenting the Țigani (Gypsy/Roma) ethnic group from rural Romania as an example to the world. The future security of mankind will require a new understanding of the human place in its environment. That will lead to a new society, not the most powerful or intelligent, but the one that is more adaptable to changes, with sensitive and interconnected community members. Therefore, the Țigani ethnic group that fought for its rights and flourished despite unfavorable odds, including the recent COVID-19 pandemic, represents the best example for a new world that prioritizes humans, promotes health and wellbeing, facilitating innovation and transformative networks environmental integration. This research attempts to quantify the Țigani′s unique attributes that helped their communities survive and made them more adaptive to change. Always marginalized, they identified the other ethnic groups’ weaknesses to penetrate the villages and learned to use the smartphone apps to communicate, for their trades, coppersmith, metal roof tiles and drainage systems. Our research was based on Geographical Information System, Microsoft Power Bi analytics data visualization tools and statistical analysis with SPSS V20 to demonstrate what enables their flourishing and what resistance they face locally. We argue that the Țigani′s intense social cooperation, strong sense of family, community and mutual assistance helped them to fight COVID-19, generating their significant adaptability to the societal changes and their power to keep intact their cultural identity. The results show how the constant growing Țigani population changed and may change Romania′s rural environments in the future.
18
Răileanu, Βrânduşa Prepeliţă. "The Acquirement of a European Dimension in Education." International Journal of Computers and Communications 16 (March 8, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/91013.2022.16.1.
Full textAbstract:
In a complex world, characterized by diversity and change, acquiring a European dimension in education answers the challenges of the open society. The paper describes the Romanian government's strategy to attempt this dimension in higher education. Attention is drawn to the technical universities in terms of the access to higher education and the transition to an educational system appropriate for a society based on individual freedom, political pluralism, and market economy. It is emphasized that in the context that is specific to Romania, where fighting marginalization, social and cultural discriminations is a process that has recently started, this orientation could offer compensatory solutions.
19
Grad, Marius, and Claudiu Marian. "Explaining Change: The Online Political Marketing of the Romanian Social Democrats." European Review 28, no. 5 (March 17, 2020): 778–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106279872000023x.
Full textAbstract:
In the most recent two decades, the political campaigns conducted by the Social Democratic Party in Romania targeted specific groups of voters, with little intention to attract new voters. The reason behind their strategy is that they could secure a relatively constant support of roughly one third of the electorate and so win the popular vote in every election since 2000. However, the 2016 parliamentary elections marked a turning point in this approach and the party used almost exclusively online marketing to organize, streamline and channel its messages. This article seeks to understand why this change occurred although it did not seem to be necessary. This change is more surprising in a context in which the main political competitors were weak and disorganized. Our qualitative analysis aims to identify and explain the main elements that determined this change. It accounts for three main variables: experiential learning, the role of a new party leader and the use of new opportunities.
20
Bund?, Nicoleta Ramona, and Livia Loredana Baciu. "Continuity And Change: Building A Quality Culture In The Romanian Educational System." Contemporary Issues in Education Research (CIER) 2, no. 4 (January 10, 2011): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/cier.v2i4.1074.
Full textAbstract:
Educational objectives, like educational quality, are contextual and evolving—they may exhibit both continuity and change. This paper capitalizes on the role of neo-institutionalism and on the contribution of Douglass North (one major representative of the neo-institutionalism trend) in identifying the institutional impact upon cognitive development, national consciousness and economic performance. Out of this large theoretical corpus, we have focused on the theories of learning. The core idea which we have drawn on refers to the fact that educational improvements are dependent on the characteristics of social institutions and institutions, in their turn, are variables dependent on the level of education. Is this a vicious or virtuous circle? If political factors considered both formal and informal aspects in the implementation of educational reforms in Romania, this would increase the chances for progress. Any strong educational “edifice” needs to start from national values and beliefs. The impending changes should be gradual rather than radical. The importing of patterns from developed countries should take place cautiously. Quality assurance is one of the most important parts in restructuring the national educational system that not have a Romanian label. Yet, the interest related to the theory and practice of quality management in education has echoed in Romania as well. A recommended goal is to identify that organization chart and synchronization of efforts so as to determine people to respond to their tasks enthusiastically and constantly improve their problem solving strategies. A “quality culture” will entirely depend on this mechanism, on the framework of constraints and incentives under which individuals interact. Consequently, our approach stresses the idea that a “quality culture” needs to derive from the Romanian context and this could be possible only by many successive, long-term institutional changes. Once such conditions are met, the passage from quality to sustainability becomes shorter and obstacle free, as a quality culture is likely to develop responsible attitudes to community and the environment.
21
Albulescu, Andra-Cosmina, Michael Manton, Daniela Larion, and Per Angelstam. "The Winding Road towards Sustainable Forest Management in Romania, 1989–2022: A Case Study of Post-Communist Social–Ecological Transition." Land 11, no. 8 (July 29, 2022): 1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11081198.
Full textAbstract:
Forest ecosystems are a prime example of the heated debates that have arisen around how forests should be managed, and what services and benefits they should deliver. The European transitions in governance to and from communist regimes have had significant impacts on forests and their management. Unstable legislative and institutional changes prior to, during, and after a communist regime, combined with unique remnant areas of high-conservation-value forests, make Romania an ideal case study to explore the social–ecological transitions of forest landscapes. The aim of this paper is two-fold. First, we present the origins of, the evolution of, and the current state of forest management and ownership in Romania during transitions between the pre-communist (-1945), communist (1945–1989), and EU periods (2007-). Second, we focus on the enablers and barriers in Romania towards sustainable forest management as defined by pan-European forest policies. We used a semi-systematic, five-step scientific literature review on forest ownership, governance, and management in Romania. The analysis shows that both enablers (e.g., forest certification) and barriers (e.g., redundancy and the questionable effectiveness of the network of protected areas; illegal, unsustainable, and unreported logging; loopholes in the legislative framework) have contributed to the current approaches to interpreting forests, forestry, and forest management. The installation of the communist regime translated into sustained wood yield forest management under singular forest ownership, which opposed the previous system and forest ownership pluralism. In the post-communist period, forestland restitution led to significant legislative changes, but forest management must still confront remnant elements of the communist approach. Both communist and post-communist policies related to forests have shaped the evolution of forest landscape management in Romania, thus stressing the need to learn from the past towards securing sustainable forest management into the future. These lessons provide insights on both positive and negative drivers of forest management, which can contribute to smooth future transition towards more sustainable forest management practices.
22
Kim, Jeong Hwan. "Politics, Economy and Social Culture in Romania during the Transition." East European and Balkan Institute 46, no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 101–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.19170/eebs.2022.46.2.101.
Full textAbstract:
After the 1989 revolution, new politicians in the transition period who had to adapt to unfamiliar political atmosphere shared three visions for the future of the country. The first was the restoration of pre-communist history and politics, the second was the declaration of liberalism, and the last was the realization of a social project and political design for this purpose.
However, the political situation in the 1990s was grim due to the deterioration of the National Salvation Front (Frontul Salvării Naţionale) and the unrest in the university square, and the new world was slowly approaching because of the old communists. On one hand, Romania in transition had the dual goal of creating representative democracy systems and practices, and establishing a free market economy system on the other hand. This double transformation was premised on the introduction and settlement of neoliberal ideology according to policy decisions between ‘representative democracy’ and ‘market economy’, and social consensus on democratization and transition to a market economy.
A successful transition was a task given to president Ion Iliescu, who had to lead at a major turning point in 1990~1996, but the historical reality was far more complex and difficult than could have been anticipated and programmed. From president Emil Constantinescu, who made the first democratic transfer of power in 1996, to Prime Minister Adrian Năstase in 2002, the political declarations and experiments of ‘the end of the transition’ and ‘the beginning of a new era’ were repeated over and over again.
Society in the transition had to abandon the paternalistic and authoritarian mindset left behind by the communist ideology and dictatorship of the past. The most important change is the transition from a monolithic system such as a dictatorship to a plural system. Free access to mass media, the opening of the free movement right, and the promise of restoration to Europe have led to a radical acceleration of social change.
In that sense, EU accession in 2007 can be regarded as the end of the transition to the post-communist regime. Romania was officially linked with Europe again politically and economically, as it had been before socialism. This long historical process suggests how the experience of communism affected Romanians’ worldview and how real their integration into Europe was.
23
Dincă, Iulian, Dragoș Dărăbăneanu, and Ionuț Mihai Oprea. "Collective and Social Representations on Nature and Environment: Social Psychology Investigation in Rural Areas." Land 10, no. 12 (December 14, 2021): 1385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10121385.
Full textAbstract:
This is a qualitative research based on a phenomenological perspective of understanding, that aim to captures the way in which the population of rural areas from the western part of Romania understands the terms of nature and environment. Starting from valuable scientific studies related to the relationship between man and nature, we propose an original interdisciplinary approach that combines social methodology with a geographical, ecological and land use perspective. This study aims to identify the forms in which social representations about nature and environment are outlined on the level of rural areas people perceptions. As Romania is a European Union member state, its rural areas have seen transformations and changes in detail that reflect in the environmental-geographical ambience typical of the three main relief types (mountains, hills and plains), the mixed geomorphological type, its residents’ basic aspirations and conscious attitudinal and behavioral levels. The two study benchmarks are the notions of nature and environment, raising perception sensitivities and everyday concerns belonging to the residents of the rural areas surveyed. The administrative unit of Bihor County, belonging to the northern half of the Crișana Province and comprised of rural communities in 97 villages, was selected as the study’s target area. These villages were selected in such a way that they had to meet the requirements of balance and diversity of local environmental conditions, land use and the result of changing their land cover and the socio-geodemographic conditions of the population. A series of 1576 questionnaires were administered to subjects who are over 18 years old and are aware of the reality of their places. The results of the applied tests (Levene’s test) show that the concrete factors of daily activities are very good predictors of the relationship between man and nature.
24
Vijulie, Iuliana, Ana-Irina Lequeux-Dincă, Mihaela Preda, Alina Mareci, and Elena Matei. "Could Lavender Farming Go from a Niche Crop to a Suitable Solution for Romanian Small Farms?" Land 11, no. 5 (April 29, 2022): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11050662.
Full textAbstract:
Lavender crops have had an impressive continuous development in recent years, being currently a suitable alternative to other traditional crops because they can yield a high profit per hectare. This can be especially useful in Romania, with its high prevalence of subsistence and semi-subsistence farms. This study aims to analyse the issue of small emergent lavender farms in the context of the current Romanian agricultural background, including the framework mechanisms for implementing the Common Agricultural Policy at a national level. The research uses the qualitative survey method to provide broad, synthetic, analytical insights into small lavender farms/businesses in Romania, considering the perspective of the following two target groups: farm owners and civil servants with agricultural expertise. The main results show that both sample groups agree that lavender farms can be successful and satisfactory solutions. Increasing participation in information and training sessions may improve farmers’ access to financing mechanisms, but both small farmers and civil servants with agricultural expertise identify a series of problems, mainly regarding the absence of a dedicated market for lavender-based products and a lack of labour force, both essential for maintaining the farming–processing–commercialising chain. The authors also conclude that a more flexible and future harmonisation between Romania’s agricultural realities, the Common Agricultural Policy, and the National Rural Development Programme would improve lavender farming’s social and economic impact. Follow-up research may envisage more in-depth market analyses for this emerging sector in Romania, facing obvious competition, but which could also benefit from good practice exchanges in the region.
25
Preda, Mihaela-Daniela, Iuliana Vijulie, and Ana Irina Lequeux-Dincă. "The Palace Architecture of the Roma Population in Romania." Eastern European Countryside 24, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 189–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eec-2018-0010.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Contrasting the local specific architecture through an obvious opulent style, “palaces” of Roma population in Romania generate controversial debates. The present study analyses this phenomenon from a socio-geographic perspective in its attempt to draw attention to the new constructions appearing in the post-communist period after 1990. The Roma palaces are a choice of a showy non-constrained way to manifest an ethnic socio-economic status at the local level are perceived differently in Romanian society by the Roma community and by the Romanian population respectively. Our research methodology was correlated with the particularities of this topic and has been very infrequently approached until the present moment. It has hence used as its main tools direct observation, a social survey based on semi-structured interviews and media monitoring. The results of the study have mainly showed that the appearance of the new type of residences is a consequence of the change in the socio-economic statute of the Roma population, the size of the house being directly proportional to the status of the privileged within a community. Moreover, we have already witnessed architectural trends in the aesthetics of these constructions, which were mainly perceived in a negative way by the Romanian respondents and in a positive way by Roma respondents.
26
Fodor, Eva, Christy Glass, Janette Kawachi, and Livia Popescu. "Family policies and gender in Hungary, Poland, and Romania." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 35, no. 4 (December 1, 1997): 475–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-067x(02)00030-2.
Full textAbstract:
This paper discusses changes and new directions in the gendered nature of the welfare state in three post-state socialist societies: Hungary, Poland and Romania. Relying on an analysis of laws and regulations passed after 1989 concerning child care, maternity and parental leave, family support, unemployment and labor market policies, retirement and abortion laws, the authors identify the differences and the similarities among the three countries, pointing out not only their status in 2001, but also their trajectory, the dynamics and timing of their change. The authors argue that there are essential differences between the three countries in terms of women’s relationship to the welfare state. They also specify some of the key historical and social variables which might explain variation across countries.
27
Apostol, Oana Mihaela. "A project for Romania? The role of the civil society’s counter-accounts in facilitating democratic change in society." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 28, no. 2 (February 16, 2015): 210–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-07-2012-01057.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to look more closely, in the context of a given case study, at the role of civil society’s counter-accounts in facilitating democratic change in society, as an essential goal of an emancipatory and radical social accounting project. Design/methodology/approach – A case study of a Canadian company’s plans to open a gold mine in western Romania is here analysed. Civil society’s opposition to the mining project gave rise to an unprecedented social movement contesting the project’s utility for Romanian society. The role played by counter-accounts produced by civil society groups is investigated. Findings – Counter-accounts produced by civil society played multiple roles in the case study analysed. First, counter-accounts indicated the failure of corporate reports to present the gold mining project in a balanced manner. Second, counter-accounts were successful in problematizing the corporate approach to addressing the social, cultural and environmental impacts of the project, while also nurturing societal debate on these issues. Third, counter-accounts exposed the ideological inclinations of state institutions to favour economic interests over the social, cultural and environmental ones. As a result of these contributions, even if the counter-accounts were subjective, this study claims that they form a good basis for the development of emancipatory accounting. Research limitations/implications – Limitations associated with an interpretative approach and case study research apply. Originality/value – The paper illustrates the potential of civil society’s counter accounts to enable societal debates, as means towards democratic, transformative change.
28
Ionita, Ioana. "Click to Feed. Mobile Phone Applications’ Role in Improving Food Access in Romania." Interações: Sociedade e as novas modernidades, no. 34 (October 2, 2018): 161–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31211/interacoes.n34.2018.a8.
Full textAbstract:
This paper explores the role of digital tools in surfacing and encouraging action against instances of social injustice in Romania, with a focus on food access. Starting from an analysis of developers/owners’ motivations in creating a series of mobile phone applications combatting food waste, this research looks at digital tools’ role in promoting the redistribution of surplus food items that would otherwise go to waste. While acknowledging the limited scope of this endeavor, it is my suggestion that this form of Internet-based food activism is in its incipient stages in Romania and that it does not necessarily aim or have the force to induce social change for the moment.
29
Bottoni, Stefano. "Reassessing the Communist Takeover in Romania." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 24, no. 1 (January 21, 2010): 59–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325409354355.
Full textAbstract:
This article analyzes the communist takeover in Romania as the successful outcome of a long-term policy aiming to make the Romanian Communist Party (PCR) a national force. Such an attempt deserves a new analytical explanation of the highly controversial notions of institutional continuity and of “nationalization” of its membership. While mainstream explanations still focus on factors of change motivated by external (Soviet) pressure and stress that violence, coercion, and intimidation have been main instruments used by the Communist Party to implement its goals, the author argues that a reevaluation of the real extent of popular support is needed. PCR became a national mass party immediately after the coup d’état of 23 August 1944. At that time a marginal political force, traditionally ruled by non-Romanian elements and devoted to the strictest internationalism, turned national without falling into discrimination against minority groups, with the exception of the Germans. In multiethnic Transylvania the ethnic power balance consciously created by PCR with Soviet assistance helped the party to strengthen its political legitimacy among different national and social groups. Unlike the Romanian historical parties and the Hungarian nationalists, the PCR and the Petru Groza—led coalition government behaved as a transnational body and pursued integrative policies. In the troubled context of postwar reconstruction, this call for cooperation and peaceful ethnic coexistence distinguished the PCR and its allies from the opposition parties and significantly contributed to make early communist rule more acceptable to large masses of Romanians and non-Romanians, as well.
30
MATEI, Elena-Florentina, and Ioana Manuela MINDRICAN. "THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACT OF TELEWORK. THE CASE OF ROMANIA." ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ORADEA. ECONOMIC SCIENCES 30, no. 2 (December 2021): 371–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(2)039.
Full textAbstract:
In the current context, the phenomenon of teleworking has major implications for both individuals, organizations and society. It is well known that the relative ease of identification and use of information has led to significant changes in organizational structures, but also in the working methods of employees. Among the new working arrangements considered flexible, is, more precisely, telework, work from home, which has been implemented considerably, with the emergence of the crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this paper is to examine the main advantages and disadvantages of this “technological revolution”, but also how the authorities have intervened through fiscal measures. Regarding the main advantages of telework, they are represented by the increasing autonomy and flexibility, the reduction of damage to the environment, as well as the development of optimal solutions for populations with special needs. However, the advantages are weighed against the disadvantages, as some employees believe that they are affected by the feeling of isolation and social distancing, and in terms of organization, they feel negative effects in terms of increased costs of the transition process and new working methods. The motivation for choosing this theme is to identify the economic and social impact that this change had on employees in Romania during Covid-19. Furthermore, in the light of the case study, it is desired to establish the level of satisfaction among remote workers and why they are satisfied, respectively dissatisfied with this measure. More precisely, this article captures the way in which telework is perceived by employees in Romania, and highlights the possible benefits and pitfalls resulting from this process and the impact of the measures taken by the authorities. Regarding the research method used, it is represented by the descriptive analysis, the dynamic macroeconomic analysis by using graphs, as well as the comparative analysis according to the objectives pursued during the research. Compared to the way of presenting the information from the bibliography used and found at the end of the paper, in this paper are found only the essential aspects, the particularities of the chosen research topic, which finally provides an overview.
31
Iorga, Magdalena, Camelia Soponaru, Iulia-Diana Muraru, Sofia Socolov, and Florin-Dumitru Petrariu. "Factors Associated with Acculturative Stress among International Medical Students." BioMed Research International 2020 (June 22, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2564725.
Full textAbstract:
There is an array of reasons why acculturation can be stressful, and acculturative stress can be triggered by a plethora of factors. The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with acculturative stress among international students enrolled in a public medical university from Romania. 265 students were included in the research. Sociodemographic, academic, and family data, comfortability with living in study city, satisfaction with administrative staff, colleagues, and professors and Acculturative Stress Scale for International Students were gathered. Data have been processed using SPSS Statistics v23.0.0 for MAC.OSX. Female students are more prone to experience homesickness and stress due to change compared to male students. International students with Romanian origins had lower scores on perceived hate and stress due to change/culture shock compared to those with no Romanian origins. Students with relatives or friends enrolled in the same university had significantly lower levels of acculturative stress, perceived discrimination, perceived hate/rejection, and general/nonspecific concerns. Age and year of study are associated with homesickness and stress due to change/culture shock. The existence of factors associated with acculturative stress demand institutional, social, and psychological support for international students.
32
Bó, Boróka, Zachary Zimmer, and Codrina Rada. "The Structure and Determinants of Intergenerational Support Exchange Flows in an Eastern European Setting." Research on Aging 42, no. 9-10 (April 21, 2020): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0164027520920026.
Full textAbstract:
Although the provision, receipt, and bidirectionality of support exchanges are important for generational well-being, our understanding of them is lacking in Eastern Europe, a region undergoing swift population aging and social change. This study links intergenerational support exchanges to determinants in Romania, with a focus on proximity of adult children. Data are from the Romanian Aging and Migration Survey ( N = 1,398). Analyses involve two stages. First, latent class analysis (LCA) is conducted to develop an intergenerational support typology. The second uses the typology as a dependent variable in multivariate equations predicting exchange determinants. LCA analysis yielded six propensity classes. Physical distance strongly predicts class membership. Having coresident adult children increases the likelihood of bidirectional exchange. Having an international migrant adult child reduces the chances, even with coresident adult children present. International migrant children lead to a higher probability of being a nonexchanger or receiving monetary support. There is a need for continued consideration of bidirectional exchange models in rapidly developing contexts.
33
Enache, Lavinia. "The Role of Virtual Communities in the Brand-consumer Relationship in the Romanian Ecotourism." Rhetoric and Communications, no. 53 (October 31, 2022): 122–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.55206/qmwx6772.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: The coronavirus pandemic is one of the events of the 21st century that has disturbed our entire economic, social, cultural life, etc. Its impact on the tourism industry has been massive: 63% of experts from the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO, 2021) believe that the sector will not fully recover by 2024. This global crisis in which travel, tourism, hospitality and events have been frozen in many parts of the world can change the tourism industry and the contexts in which it operates and creates new opportunities for promotion and development (Higgins-Desbioles 2020; Sharma, Thomas, & Paul 2021). According to research on pandemic tourism (Buckley 2021; Georgilas, Tsitsoni, Andreopoulou, Tsakaldiki & Kostopoulou 2021; Mazilu & Drăguleasa 2021; Enache 2021) at a micro level, a local trend has been highlighted, according to which the pandemic was a factor in the development of the Romanian ecotourism business because the restrictive measures affected more the mass tourism and less the ecotourism. This research aims to identify the factors that contributed to the development of the ecotourism business during the pandemic and to highlight the role of virtual communities in the brand-consumer relationship in ecotourism in Romania. In order to understand how the pandemic affect Romanian ecotourism businesses; what the role of virtual communities in the brand-consumer relationship was and how the promotion of online services contributed to the growth of ecotourism businesses during the pandemic, we used a quantitative re¬search method, by applying a questionnaire to ecotourism entrepreneurs from different regions of Romania. The question guide addressed topics about the characteristics of businesses in the field of ecotourism; the main difficulties encountered in launching, maintaining and developing the project; the additional safety measures adopted during the pandemic; the promotion channels used; the existence or non-existence of a brand-consumer relationship; the interaction of ecotourism entrepreneurs with virtual communities. Keywords: ecotourism, pandemic, virtual communities, social media, brand-consumer relationship, Romania.
34
Lotrean, Lucia Maria, Ilse Mesters, Carmen Ionut, and Hein de Vries. "Predictability of smoking onset among Romanian adolescents." Slovenian Journal of Public Health 53, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2014-0009.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objectives: Research identifying reliable and country-specific predictors of smoking is needed in order to develop effective adolescent smoking prevention programmes. The objective of this study was to assess the cognitive and socio-demographic factors associated with smoking onset among Romanian teenagers, using both cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Methods: The data were obtained from a two-wave, one-year longitudinal study carried out among 316 senior high school non-smokers from Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Questionnaires assessed smoking behaviour, attitudes, social influence, self-efficacy and intention regarding smoking (motivational variables) as well as different sociodemographic features. Results: The cross-sectional analyses showed that socio-demographics and motivational variables were strongly associated with smoking behaviour; the explained variance was 76%. The longitudinal analyses revealed that four variables explained 33% of the variance in change of status from non-smoking to regular smoking over a period of one year. Regular smoking onset after one year was predicted by baseline low self-efficacy in refraining from smoking in different situations, having more smoking friends and playing truant from school. Having a brother was a protective factor. Conclusion: The results suggest that smoking prevention programmes in Romania should strengthen self-efficacy beliefs and resistance against peer modelling and help Romanian young people to develop skills and action plans to cope with pressure to smoke and challenging situations.
35
Habinyak, Erzsebet. "The impact of education reform in Romania between 1989-2020 on the regulation and decentralization of early childhood education." Journal of Childhood, Education & Society 3, no. 3 (November 19, 2022): 322–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37291/2717638x.202233195.
Full textAbstract:
Romania inherited a tightly controlled and strictly regulated mass education system from socialism, which inevitably has gone through a systematic reform. However, transformation or change of any education system does not take place for its own sake, but it is intended to meet certain social and political challenges and requirements. Therefore, the present study investigates the significant changes that have taken place in early childhood education (ECE) in Romania since the collapse of the Ceausescu regime in 1989. Specifically, the impact of the reform measures on ECE provision is examined in relation to curriculum content and structure. Explanation of how to investigate education have been central to the present research. The analysis of documentary data corpus identified three main themes reflecting the changes that took place: (i) the introduction of education reforms, (ii) the emergence of educational pluralism, (iii) the various iterations of the early childhood curriculum. Findings suggest that decentralisation processes led to the spread of alternative pedagogies in ECE add the findings about curriculum content change our investigation offers a detailed picture of the educational processes of decentralization and the changes it has brought in the early childhood curriculum.
36
Corbeanu, Dan-Constantin, Magda Antohe, and Anamaria Ciubară. "Social Resets and Suicides during Covid-19 Pandemic." BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience 13, no. 1Sup1 (March 23, 2022): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/brain/13.1sup1/314.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Well-known as a public health problem, suicide is known to cause many deaths during periods of economic and social unrest. Through the social changes imposed by the political and medical actors, the society knows old challenges, but also some completely new ones, which seem to influence the suicidal behavior among the population.
Aim. The paper tries to present the effects of anti-Covid-19 social measures, especially those decided by the Romanian authorities between March 2020 and March 2021, on mental health and suicidal behavior. Also, by assessing the public policy intentions expressed publicly in European leadership circles for the medium-term future, we wanted to identify the impact on lifestyle and suicidal behaviour.
Materials and method. The paper uses the medical literature in order to identify traditional or new risk factors for suicide, introduced into society by SARS-Cov-2 and the social restrictions that accompanied it. Also, sources from the domestic and international media are used to evaluate the future announced social resets and the possible impact on the suicidal behavior among the Romanian population.
Results. The feeling of induced fear and the change of some social routines, imposed by the political factors in the context of the Covid-19 virus, are supposed to be accompanied by increases in the suicide rate. The new economic challenges and social antagonisms, predictable for the near future, bring with them the risk of increasing suicidal behavior among the world's population and Romania.
Conclusion. In various countries, suicide rates have risen during the pandemic. New social measures are announced in authoritarian tones, with no intention of assessing the impact on the mental health of the population. The implementation of these innovative measures should be done only after balancing the psychological and psychiatric impact. The alternative could be the emergence of new epidemics of mental illness and suicide, which can unbalance society, as has never happened before.
37
Alexescu, Teodora-Gabriela, Mădălina-Stela Nechita, Anca-Diana Maierean, Damiana-Maria Vulturar, Mircea Ioan Handru, Daniel-Corneliu Leucuța, Olga Hilda Orășan, Vasile Negrean, Lorena Ciumarnean, and Doina Adina Todea. "Change in Neuroticism and Extraversion among Pre-University Education Employees during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Medicina 58, no. 7 (July 4, 2022): 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58070895.
Full textAbstract:
Background and objectives: Since the first reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection cases in China, the virus has rapidly spread to many countries, including Romania. In Romania, schools were closed in March 2020 to prevent the virus from spreading; since then, they have been sporadically opened, but only for a short time. Teachers had to adopt online education methods, experiencing real difficulties in their attempts to maintain high-quality teaching, as a result of social distancing from students and colleagues. The current study aimed to evaluate the burden on the neuroticism states of employees in the pre-university education system during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted, in which personality trait data from 138 employees were collected via a questionnaire (EPI, Eysenck Personality Inventory), which measured extraversion–introversion and neuroticism scores before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially, 150 subjects were invited to participate in the study, although 12 of them refused to participate. Based on the questionnaire not being fully filled in a further three subjects were excluded from the study, leaving a total of 135, of which 115 were woman and 20 were men. Results: The results demonstrate that the subjects included in the study expressed higher neuroticism during the COVID-19 pandemic than in the pre-pandemic period. This change could promote more stress and depression symptoms. Subjects with high school education had significantly lower neuroticism scores over time than those with university education (p = 0.006). Furthermore, we found extraversion scores to be statistically significant in our population (p = 0.022). Conclusion: The gender and living environment of the teachers were not significantly associated with the reduction in the extraversion score, but were more frequently found among older persons and in subjects without higher education. Subjects of Hungarian ethnicity had lower extraversion scores than those of Romanian ethnicity.
38
Roibu, Irina, and Paula Alexandra Roibu. "THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN WOMEN EXECUTIVES IN JAPAN AND ROMANIA." Oradea Journal of Business and Economics 2, no. 1 (March 2017): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.47535/1991ojbe020.
Full textAbstract:
Around the world employment of women on an equal bases allows companies, industries and countries to make better use of the available talent pool, generally with potential growth implication. In Japan, since 2013, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has been a ceaseless advocate for the increase in the number of female employees for the revival of the economy, and many governmental programs in support of working women have been put in place. However, the traditional Japanese management systems of lifetime employment, enterprise unions, seniority systems, together with a group-oriented and risk-adverse orientation make things change slowly. In Romania, the second country analyzed in this article, women entrepreneurs also face professional stereotypes, difficulties in getting specific jobs, traditional prejudices and a collective mentality related to women’s place in society. This article explores and compares how Romanian and Japanese cultures, societies, and economies have either encouraged, or discouraged, the growth of female entrepreneurship on their own territories, and analyzes how the best emerging female executives can be supported in the future in order to maximize their potential. The analysis is based on the data provided by OECD, the World Bank, the Global entrepreneurship monitor, Japan statistics, the legislations of the two countries and the literature related to the two social environments. The findings indicate that although there are many similarities between the two countries, the percentage of female executives in Japan is much smaller than the one in Romania. This is due to the fact that Japan, with all the governmental programs in action, for the moment, still has a stricter social and work environment, a weaker maternity and childcare legislation and a higher gender gap.
39
Sorea, Daniela, Gheorghe Roșculeț, and Gabriela Georgeta Rățulea. "The Compossessorates in the Olt Land (Romania) as Sustainable Commons." Land 11, no. 2 (February 15, 2022): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11020292.
Full textAbstract:
The compossessorates are traditional Transylvanian commons. They were disbanded during the Communist regime and re-established after 1989 according to the successive laws concerning land restitution. The current article highlights the importance of compossessorates in the Olt Land (in the south of Transylvania, Romania) as partners involved in projects focused on the sustainable development of the area. To this end, the paper presents the main features of contemporary Romanian commons, underlines the sustainable traditional orientation of compossessorates, and signals the latter’s difficulty in establishing relations with environmental protection-oriented NGOs, in this case Foundation Conservation Carpathia which focuses on establishing a national park in the area. Consequently, the methods employed to achieve all of the above was the thematic analysis of publications found in the Anelis+ databases which were considered relevant for the theme of Romanian commons, and the content analysis of some normative acts and compossessorates’ by-laws dating back to the first half of the 20th century. The information on the relations between the commons and NGOs were retrieved from the official websites of the organizations, and from the media. The article shows that current compossessorates have social potential and economic efficiency. Their existence in the Olt Land is significant from an identity-based perspective. The latter is built upon the common interest of law makers and locals to constructively manage the forestry fund and respect property rights. Their functioning can be made more efficient. Both these and the NGOs openly state their sustainable orientation and that could contribute to reducing the tensions between them through correct communication. Ignoring the compossessorates’ sustainable orientation and their community prestige could sabotage any sustainable local development project if they are not consulted and invited as partners.
40
Pocol, Cristina Bianca, Peter Šedík, Ioan Sebastian Brumă, Antonio Amuza, and Aurica Chirsanova. "Organic Beekeeping Practices in Romania: Status and Perspectives towards a Sustainable Development." Agriculture 11, no. 4 (March 25, 2021): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11040281.
Full textAbstract:
Romanian beekeeping faces a lot of challenges nowadays due to the problems related to climate change, the use of pesticides in agriculture, but also to the pandemic crisis. In this context, organic beekeeping represents an important alternative to traditional apicultural practices. The purpose of the study was to present the current situation of organic beekeeping in Romania, but also to identify some aspects related to sustainability. The research methodology was based on secondary and primary data. An online survey was conducted in 2020 on a sample of 433 Romanian beekeepers. The main findings showed that the majority of participants were aware of organic principles and were familiar with the concept of sustainability in beekeeping. However, only a small percentage of beekeepers were certified in the organic system. The evaluation of the concept of sustainability showed that the most important factor for the surveyed beekeepers was the environmental aspect, followed by the economic and social components. The pandemic crisis has negatively impacted the beekeepers’ activities due to travel restrictions and the limited access to the apiaries. If, in economic terms, they were affected by the sales drop in the first months of the crisis, there were also some positive effects such as the increase in demand for health-related products.
41
STAICU, DANIELA. "Characteristics of textile and clothing sector social entrepreneurs in the transition to the circular economy." Industria Textila 72, no. 01 (February 28, 2021): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.072.01.202031.
Full textAbstract:
The limits of the present take-make-waste business model are extremely visible when examining the textile and clothing industry. The concept of circular economy gained traction, which has led to the creation of policy actions throughout the life cycle of a product and at disposal. Transitioning from linear to circular economy business models requires significant value-chain changes in both production and consumption patterns. Existing circular business models are paving the way towards a paradigm shift. However, the literature has not retained much empirical evidence about these sustainabilityoriented innovators which are invisible and work in anonymity. This study provides a simple, yet rich and unique overview of the characteristics of circular economy business models in the textile and clothing sector in Romania, identified through qualitative analysis performed on the entire population of sustainability-oriented innovators identified in Romania in the textile and clothing sector in a previous study done by the same author. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire with 37 questions connected to four areas: human resources, legal and fiscal framework, customers and communication, and materials, tools or technology employed. With a 100% response rate, the real significance of this paper is that it may have discovered the real contribution of these agents of change in the circular economy, functional circular business models which have never been studied before as a population.
42
Richards, Greg, and Ilie Rotariu. "Developing the eventful city in Sibiu, Romania." International Journal of Tourism Cities 1, no. 2 (May 5, 2015): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-08-2014-0007.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – Cities are increasingly using events as an instrument for economic and social change and cultural and urban regeneration. Major events help cities to distinguish themselves, and attracting event-related tourism generates income and jobs and increases atmosphere and “liveliness”. Many cities have therefore positioned themselves as “eventful cities” or “festival cities” by adopting event-led strategies. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The effects of the 2007 European Capital of Culture (ECoC) in Sibiu, Romania were evaluated through a decade of longitudinal research including surveys and depth interviews with local residents, stakeholders and tourists to monitor the sustainability of event-related regeneration strategies. Findings – The impacts identified include increased cultural activity, tourism growth, image improvements and increased pride among residents. These impacts have been facilitated by a local growth coalition, and the increased linkage of the city to flows of investment, skills and talent through EU membership. The city has taken some important steps to becoming an “eventful city”, in which events are utilised to sustainably increase the quality of life. However, the momentum of eventfulness developed in 2007 has been difficult to maintain, and there are difficulties in separating the effect of event-related activities from wider cultural, social and economic development factors. Originality/value – The research indicates that the Sibiu ECoC in 2007 and the programme of cultural development leading up to it had substantial impacts on the city both in the short and longer term. The ECoC certainly met most of its short-term aims, as there was a significant economic boost from tourism and an improvement in the external image of the city.
43
Çakal, Huseyin, Samer Halabi, Ana-Maria Cazan, and Anja Eller. "Intergroup contact and endorsement of social change motivations: The mediating role of intergroup trust, perspective-taking, and intergroup anxiety among three advantaged groups in Northern Cyprus, Romania, and Israel." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 24, no. 1 (December 3, 2019): 48–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430219885163.
Full textAbstract:
Three studies investigated the effect of intergroup contact and social identification on social change among three advantaged groups in Cyprus, Romania, and Israel. In Study 1 ( n = 340, Turkish Cypriots), intergroup contact with disadvantaged immigrant Turks positively predicted endorsement of their social change motivations directly, and via intergroup trust and perspective-taking indirectly. In Study 2 ( n = 200, Romanians), contact with the ethnic minority Hungarians positively predicted endorsement of their social change motivations via intergroup trust, perspective-taking, and intergroup anxiety, while ingroup identification negatively predicted endorsement of Hungarian ethnic minority’s collective action tendencies via perspective-taking and anxiety. In Study 3 ( n = 240, Israeli Jews), intergroup contact positively predicted, while ingroup identification negatively predicted, endorsement of disadvantaged Israeli Palestinian citizens’ social change motivations via perspective-taking, anxiety, and trust. Across three studies, results show that intergroup contact led the advantaged groups to attitudinally support social change motivations of the disadvantaged outgroups through increased trust, perspective-taking, and reduced anxiety, whereas ingroup identification weakened their intention to support social change motivations via perspective-taking and intergroup anxiety in Study 2, and via intergroup trust, perspective-taking, and intergroup anxiety in Study 3.
44
Balázsi, Ágnes, Maraja Riechers, Tibor Hartel, Julia Leventon, and Joern Fischer. "The impacts of social-ecological system change on human-nature connectedness: A case study from Transylvania, Romania." Land Use Policy 89 (December 2019): 104232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104232.
Full text
45
Komodromos, Marcos, Daphne Halkias, and Nicholas Harkiolakis. "Managers’ perceptions of trust in the workplace in times of strategic change." EuroMed Journal of Business 14, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 2–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/emjb-03-2018-0018.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore and present current trends and developments in the field of managers’ perceptions of trust and the management of change in Cyprus, Greece and Romania, in a period of strategic organizational change. A total of 126 managerial employees (communication managers, operation managers, quality control managers, safety & environmental managers, and office managers) working in different departments of organizations in Cyprus, Greece, and Romania respond and complete the online questionnaire.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative study using an online questionnaire with interview questions was developed to arrive at the study’s findings. To acknowledge relevant perceptions of trust and the management of change during organizational change in different organizations in Cyprus, Greece and Romania, unique questions helped to support the research results and highlight themes that emerged from interview sessions with the study participants.FindingsThe findings highlight the need for organizational leadership to establish mutual trust and effective communication with managerial employees for successful cooperation during times of strategic change and enhanced overall employee performance. This study is relevant for researchers and academics in the areas of change management and communication, presenting current trends and developments in perceptions of trust and change management in Cyprus, Greece and Romania. It may also help them achieve recognition among their peers and colleagues from other disciplines.Research limitations/implicationsAn important implication of the study derives from the finding on the uniqueness of the knowledge and information work carried out by the respondents and the impact that this can have in their working environment and their productivity. As a result of the above, this study provides indications to recruiters and managers regarding a number of desirable and necessary skills, and motivational factors that future employees may need to have or develop in order to carry out their job efficiently and effectively.Practical implicationsResearching managerial employees’ perceptions of trust and the management of change in organizations can have significant implications for human resources management during a time of strategic change.Social implicationsThis research study may contribute to the management and communication area in European countries in stimulating new approaches to management and social issues and in the corporate management practice.Originality/valueThis study produces new knowledge instead of summarizing what is already known in a new form in the area of management and corporate communication. The researcher reports the results in analysis and interprets the results by discussing possible implications and solutions.
46
BANSKI, Jerzy. "Phases to the transformation of agriculture in Central Europe – Selected processes and their results." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 64, No. 12 (December 12, 2018): 546–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/86/2018-agricecon.
Full textAbstract:
The fall of the communist system in Central Europe was followed by dynamic social and economic change that also had its clear impact on the food sector. One of the key factors shaping the contemporary condition of the agricultural sector in region has been change of ownership, with the collapse of the nationalised sector and restitution of property to former owners. The work presented here considers the main directions of changes and assessment of selected economic processes ongoing in the farming sector over the last quarter-century throughout the region under consideration. This analysis may be further broken down in relation to the three suggested phases of change, i.e. transformation, integration and polarisation. The work took in five countries of the former Eastern Bloc, i.e. the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia.
47
Török, Ibolya, Adina-Eliza Croitoru, and Titus-Cristian Man. "Assessing the Impact of Extreme Temperature Conditions on Social Vulnerability." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 8510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158510.
Full textAbstract:
This research aims to improve the existing methodology by quantifying the effects of climate change on social vulnerability by developing a set of vulnerability indicators. It delimits for the first time in Romania the most vulnerable areas from this point of view and facilitates the decision-making processes and planning efforts targeting the increase of resilience and adaptive capacity of local communities. We selected 35 variables and constructed four aggregated indexes by applying the principal component analysis, and then the Climate-Related Social Vulnerability index (CleSoVI) index was derived. It pointed out that the most significant impact on the vulnerability of settlements in the test region (Cluj County) can be attributed to the lack of adaptive capacity and increased poverty. The most vulnerable areas are located in the northern and south-eastern parts of the county. From a socio-economic point of view, local authorities’ efforts should reduce the vulnerability of these regions and prepare them to cope with and adapt to the impact of climate change.
48
CIUCIUMAN ROMERO, Adrián. "STUDY OF THE SENIOR POPULATION OF COPȘA MICĂ AFTER THE REVOLUTION AND THE MODEL CHANGE. AN ETHNOGRAPHIC VISION." ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCHES AND STUDIES 12, no. 1 (2022): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.26758/12.1.8.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives.The health-care and welfare needs of the elderly population are increasing in Eastern European countries, especially in Romania. In 1989, subsequently after the fall of Ceausescu´s regime, the country had to restart, with the novelty of going abroad to work in the post-revolutionary Romanian context, retaining those who would become the future old age of the country. The purpose of this article was to explore the various social problems faced by this sector of the population, as a result of an ethnography within the framework of a case study carried out in the city of Copșa Mică. Materials and methods. The study was based on an ethnographic research carried out between September 2020 and April 2021, supported by discourse analysis of 12 life stories and 18 in-depth interviews, a total of 30 people from the town of Copșa Mică, 15 men and 15 women, whose ages were between 53 and 85 years. Results. In particular, this study revealed the existence of invisible illnesses and suffering that affect mental health, such as loneliness, abandonment or depression. These discomforts come, partly, as a result of the change of paradigm, and the constant migration of former workers sons and daughters. Conclusions. It is necessary to rethink these contemporary challenges, in which the current social structure puts old age aside, with the duty of positioning it towards a dignified old age and increasing social strategies to face the growing need for care and attention. Keywords: abandonment, loneliness, migration, mental health, old age.
49
PROFIROIU, Constantin Marius, and Ionuț Ciprian NEGOIȚĂ. ""Public Administration Reform in Romania: Assessing the Past and Looking Into the Future"." Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, SI (December 17, 2022): 150–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/tras.si2022.9.
Full textAbstract:
"This article provides an account of the transformational capacity of Romanian public administration in relation to four main aspects: (1) human resource performance and integrity; (2) territorial, functional and institutional decentralization; (3) public policies and (4) capitalizing on the digital and innovative component. The Romania case study highlights the gradual transformation of public administration in the last 30 years, as a reaction to the emergence of economic, social and political crises. For an imperative and irreversible change, we have identified directions for capitalizing on opportunities and good practices in the matter, in the context of the intensified integration process in NATO and the EU. We have analyzed the strategic documents on strengthening and accelerating the transformation of public administration and highlighted the need for the interconnection and interdependence of its four pillars to meet the specific objectives of Horizon 2030. For decision-makers, practitioners and researchers, this article aims to stimulate and contribute to the dedicated public debate and consultation of coherent, predictable and sustainable legislation and practices in the matter."
50
Tătar, Alexandru. "Geographic axes and cultural diversity in Romania." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 102, no. 2 (2022): 201–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd2202201t.
Full textAbstract:
Culture as a factor for sustainable development reaffirms the importance of local and regional identity and specificity, which implies the need to protect heritage and raise community awareness of its value. These objectives position culture as the fourth pillar of sustainable development, alongside the economic, social, and environmental sectors. The measures support the contribution of culture and cultural heritage to sustainable development, defining territorial vitality by highlighting elements of local and regional identity and by better protecting cultural heritage. To protect heritage, it is necessary to analyse and present data on cultural tourism, including details of the cultural development of certain peoples and acculturation phenomena, all of which form part of a heritage that can then be exploited for tourism purposes. This is the premise from which I started, trying to highlight the possibilities of tourist exploitation of the existing heritage. The research objectives are: The exploitation of cultural resources - elements of local and regional identity - for sustainable territorial development and high quality of life along geographical axes; Better protection of cultural heritage, based on a knowledge of the situation through the development of a tourism program based on cultural diversity in the area of the geographical axes: Siret, Mures, and Bistrita-Nasaud county. Thus, to achieve the objectives following observations in the field and through the cultural diversity present on the territory of Romania given by the heritage of the past (over two thousand years of history) we will be able to outline the geographical axes. The research theme sets the direction of action by promoting an integrated approach to territorial development interventions, highlighting the role of culture in the development of the geographical axis.