Journal articles on the topic 'Social Australia'
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1
Jaric, Ljubica. "Contemporary skill migration in Australia." Stanovnistvo 39, no. 1-4 (2001): 157–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv0104157j.
Abstract:
Immigration has always been a key of the Australian social and economic development. Australia administers separate Migration and Humanitarian Programs. The Migration Program has two streams: Family and Skill. The smaller Special Eligibility stream includes groups such as former Australian citizens and former residents who have maintained ties with Australia. The Skill stream of Australia's Migration Program is specifically designed to target migrants who have skills or outstanding abilities that will contribute to the Australian economy. The migration to Australia of people with qualifications and relevant work experience can help to address skill shortages in Australia and enhance the size, skill level and productivity of the Australian labour force. Skilled migrants were mainly employed in managerial, administrative, professional or paraprofessional occupations or as traders. Permanent movement represents the major element of net overseas migration. Australia has experienced not only permanent influx of skilled but longterm movement as an affect of globalisation of business, the creation of international labour and education markets and cheaper travel. The level of longterm movements is strongly influenced by both domestic and international conditions of development, particularly economic conditions. More Australians are going overseas to work and study and foreigners are coming to Australia in larger numbers for the same reasons. Skill migration in FRY is mostly correlated with the economic situation in the country. Skill stream from FRY to Australia has been significantly increased since 1990. In the Australian official statistics separate data for the FRY has been available since July 1998. Prior to July 1998. FRY component was substantial proportion of total Former Yugoslav Republics. Estimated Serbian skill stream is around 4500 people.
2
Castellas, Erin I.-Ping, Jarrod Ormiston, and Suzanne Findlay. "Financing social entrepreneurship." Social Enterprise Journal 14, no. 2 (May 8, 2018): 130–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sej-02-2017-0006.
Abstract:
Purpose This paper aims to explore the emergence and nature of impact investment in Australia and how it is shaping the development of the social enterprise sector. Design/methodology/approach Impact investment is an emerging approach to financing social enterprises that aims to achieve blended value by delivering both impact and financial returns. In seeking to deliver blended value, impact investment combines potentially conflicted logics from investment, philanthropy and government spending. This paper utilizes institutional theory as a lens to understand the nature of these competing logics in impact investment. The paper adopts a sequential exploratory mixed methods approach to study the emergence of impact investment in Australia. The mixed methods include 18 qualitative interviews with impact investors in the Australian market and a subsequent online questionnaire on characteristics of impact investment products, activity and performance. Findings The findings provide empirical evidence of the rapid growth in impact investment in Australia. The analysis reveals the nature of institutional complexity in impact investment and highlights the risk that the impact logic may become overshadowed by the investment logic if the difference in rigor around financial performance measurement and impact performance measurement is maintained. The paper discusses the implications of these findings for the development of the Australian social enterprise sector. Originality/value This paper provides empirical evidence on the emergence of impact investment in Australia and contributes to a growing global body of evidence about the nature, size and characteristics of impact investment.
3
Ezzy, Douglas, Gary Bouma, Greg Barton, Anna Halafoff, Rebecca Banham, Robert Jackson, and Lori Beaman. "Religious Diversity in Australia: Rethinking Social Cohesion." Religions 11, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11020092.
Abstract:
This paper argues for a reconsideration of social cohesion as an analytical concept and a policy goal in response to increasing levels of religious diversity in contemporary Australia. In recent decades, Australian has seen a revitalization of religion, increasing numbers of those who do not identify with a religion (the “nones”), and the growth of religious minorities, including Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Sikhism. These changes are often understood as problematic for social cohesion. In this paper, we review some conceptualizations of social cohesion and religious diversity in Australia, arguing that the concept of social cohesion, despite its initial promise, is ultimately problematic, particularly when it is used to defend privilege. We survey Australian policy responses to religious diversity, noting that these are varied, often piecemeal, and that the hyperdiverse state of Victoria generally has the most sophisticated set of public policies. We conclude with a call for more nuanced and contextualized analyses of religious diversity and social cohesion in Australia. Religious diversity presents both opportunities as well as challenges to social cohesion. Both these aspects need to be considered in the formation of policy responses.
4
Neilson, Briony. "“Moral Rubbish in Close Proximity”: Penal Colonization and Strategies of Distance in Australia and New Caledonia, c.1853–1897." International Review of Social History 64, no. 3 (July 10, 2019): 445–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859019000361.
Abstract:
AbstractIn the second half of the nineteenth century, the two convict-built European settler colonial projects in Oceania, French New Caledonia and British Australia, were geographically close yet ideologically distant. Observers in the Australian colonies regularly characterized French colonization as backward, inhumane, and uncivilized, often pointing to the penal colony in New Caledonia as evidence. Conversely, French commentators, while acknowledging that Britain's transportation of convicts to Australia had inspired their own penal colonial designs in the South Pacific, insisted that theirs was a significantly different venture, built on modern, carefully preconceived methods. Thus, both sides engaged in an active practice of denying comparability; a practice that historians, in neglecting the interconnections that existed between Australia and New Caledonia, have effectively perpetuated. This article draws attention to some of the strategies of spatial and temporal distance deployed by the Australian colonies in relation to the bagne in New Caledonia and examines the nation-building ends that these strategies served. It outlines the basic context and contours of the policy of convict transportation for the British and the French and analyses discursive attempts to emphasize the distinctions between Australia and New Caledonia. Particular focus is placed on the moral panic in Australian newspapers about the alleged dangerous proximity of New Caledonia to the east coast of Australia. I argue that this moral panic arose at a time when Britain's colonies in Australia, in the process of being granted autonomy and not yet unified as a federated nation, sought recognition as reputable settlements of morally virtuous populations. The panic simultaneously emphasized the New Caledonian penal colony's geographical closeness to and ideological distance from Australia, thereby enabling Australia's own penal history to be safely quarantined in the past.
5
Jamil, M. Mukhsin, Solihan Solihan, and Ahwan Fanani. "The Dynamic of Muslim Identity In Multicultural Politic of Australia." Jurnal THEOLOGIA 31, no. 2 (March 29, 2021): 313–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/teo.2020.31.2.7946.
Abstract:
This research aims to explore the dynamic of Muslim Identities in a multicultural context. Taking Brisbane as a research locus, the research investigates modes of conflict resolution that are enacted in a Muslim minority area by considering the operation of Islam and Islamic modes negotiating identity within the wider society. The prime concern of the research based on the questions of how does the Muslim in Australia expresses their identity by developing the adaptation strategy as social action in a multicultural context?. Based on the questions, this article focused on the issues of the strategy of Muslim that used in responding to view and practices of multiculturalism. This research shows that Muslims in Australia have a wide variety of historical and social backgrounds. Amid Australia's multicultural politics, Australian Muslims have different responses to negotiate Islamic identity on the one hand and as Australian citizens on the other. The adaptation of Muslim in Australia then ranges from a moderate pattern, accepting a secular culture, to being reactionary as the impact of the feeling of being marginalized people as a “stepchild” in Australian citizenship.
6
Lehmann, Caitlyn. "Editorial." Children Australia 42, no. 4 (November 29, 2017): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2017.44.
Abstract:
Among the plethora of minor parties fielding candidates in Australia's 2016 federal election was a relative newcomer called Sustainable Australia. Formed in 2010 and campaigning with the slogan ‘Better, not bigger’, the party's policy centrepiece calls for Australia to slow its population growth through a combination of lower immigration, changes to family payments, and the withdrawal of government agencies from proactive population growth strategies (Sustainable Australia, n.d.). At a global level, the party also calls for Australia to increase foreign aid with a focus on supporting women's health, reproductive rights and education. Like most minor parties, its candidates polled poorly, attracting too few votes to secure seats in the Senate. But in the ensuing months, the South Australian branch of The Greens broke from the national party platform by proposing the aim of stabilising South Australia's population within a generation (The Greens SA, 2017). Just this August, Australian business entrepreneur Dick Smith launched a ‘Fair Go’ manifesto, similarly calling for reductions in Australia's population growth to address rising economic inequality and a “decline in living standards” (Dick Smith Fair Go Group, 2017).
7
Carroll, Tom E., and Laurie Van Veen. "Public Health Social Marketing: The Immunise Australia Program." Social Marketing Quarterly 8, no. 1 (March 2002): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15245000212542.
Abstract:
The case study presented here represents the application of social marketing theory and practice to increase the levels of full age-appropriate childhood immunization as part of the Immunise Australia Program. In 1995, an Australian Bureau of Statistics survey found that only 33% of Australian children up to 6 years of age were fully immunized according to the schedule being recommended at the time, and 52% were assessed as being fully immunized according to the previous schedule (ABS, 1996). In response to this situation, the Australian Government formulated the Immunise Australia Program. This program comprised a number of initiatives, including: ▪ improvements to immunization practice and service delivery; ▪ establishment of a National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance; ▪ negotiation with State and Territory Governments to introduce requirements for immunization prior to commencing school; ▪ financial incentives for doctors and parents/guardians; ▪ a national childhood immunization education campaign; and ▪ a specific Measles Control Campaign. While recognizing the key role played by structural and policy reform within the formulation and implementation of a social marketing strategy, this article focuses primarily on the community education components of this program.
8
Foroughi, E., R. Misajon, and R. A. Cummins. "The Relationships Between Migration, Social Support, and Social Integration on Quality of Life." Behaviour Change 18, no. 3 (September 1, 2001): 156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.18.3.156.
Abstract:
AbstractPast research indicates that humans have a remarkable ability to maintain normal levels of subjective wellbeing despite adverse objective circumstances. This suggests that such wellbeing may be held under homeostatic control. This paper investigates some of the potential factors that may contribute to this homeostatic mechanism, in response to the major life event of migration. Three groups were examined: Persian immigrants to Australia (Persian-Australians), non-Persian Australians, and Persians residing in Iran. A total of 330 subjects were recruited. A notable finding was that all three groups did not differ in regard to subjective wellbeing, despite the Persian-Australians being a minority ethnic group in Australia, and the Persians having significantly lower objective life quality. The Persian-Australians who migrated at an older age reported lower subjective quality of life, while the number of years of residence in Australia did not appear to be related to the extent of social integration. Subjective life quality was, however, related to subjective social support for the Australian and Persian samples, and to reciprocality of support for the Persian-Australians.
9
HILLMAN, WENDY. "Grey Nomads travelling in Queensland, Australia: social and health needs." Ageing and Society 33, no. 4 (April 12, 2012): 579–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x12000116.
Abstract:
ABSTRACTAt any time of the year, and particularly in the colder months of the southern part of the Australian continent, many caravans and mobile homes can be seen on the roads of northern Australia, and Queensland, in particular. Mainly during June, July, August and September, Grey Nomads frequent the northern half of Australia, to escape the colder climate of southern Australia. The term Grey Nomad is applied to the section of the older Australian population who use their retirement years as a time to experience travel once freed from the constraints of work and family commitments. This paper draws on research conducted about the health and social needs of Grey Nomads holidaying in a Central Queensland, Australia, coastal location. Open-ended, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 20 participants. Contingency plans concerning wellness, wellbeing and medical conditions all formed a part of the Grey Nomads’ daily existence while travelling. Many important and lasting friendships and social support networks were formed during the journeying and sojourning phases of the travel. Many of the Grey Nomads interviewed felt the need to keep in contact with home, even though they willingly chose to leave it, and to be ‘away’. Just as the Grey Nomad cohort have concerns and solutions about their health and related issues, so too, they have concerns for social networks and family connectedness while travelling in Australia.
10
Bonnell, Andrew G. "Transnational Socialists? German Social Democrats in Australia before 1914." Itinerario 37, no. 1 (April 2013): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115313000284.
Abstract:
Emigration from the German states was a mass phenomenon in the “long” nineteenth century. Much of this migration was of course labour migration, and German workers were very much on the move during the nineteenth century: in addition to the traditional Wanderschaft (travels) of journeymen, the century saw increasing internal migration within and between German-speaking lands, migration from rural areas to cities, and the participation of working people in emigration to destinations outside Europe. Over five million Germans left the German states from 1820 to 1914, with a large majority choosing the United States as their destination, especially in the earliest waves of migration. By comparison with the mass migration to North America, the flow of German migrants to the British colonies in Australia (which federated to form a single Commonwealth in 1901) was a relative trickle, but the numbers were still significant in the Australian context, with Germans counted as the second-largest national group among European settlers after the “British-born” (which included the Irish) in the nineteenth century, albeit a long way behind the British. After the influx of Old Lutheran religious dissidents from Prussia to South Australia in the late 1830s, there was a wave of German emigrants in the 1840s and 1850s, driven by the “push” factor of agrarian and economic crisis in the German states in the 1840s followed by the attraction of the Australian gold rushes and other opportunities, such as land-ownership incentives. While the majority of German settlers were economic migrants, this latter period also saw the arrival in the Australian colonies of a few “Forty-Eighters,” radicals and liberals who had been active in the political upheavals of 1848–9, some of whom became active in politics and the press in Australia. The 1891 census counted over 45,000 German-born residents in the Australian colonies.
11
RAGG, M. "Australia: Social health atlas." Lancet 340, no. 8810 (July 1992): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)92440-q.
12
Drew, Christopher. "The Spirit of Australia: Learning about Australian Childhoods in Qantas Commercials." Global Studies of Childhood 1, no. 4 (January 1, 2011): 321–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/gsch.2011.1.4.321.
Abstract:
For over a decade the Qantas Spirit of Australia advertising campaign has worked to incite pride and nostalgia in Australian consumers. Its widespread success has led to four renewed television commercials, strategically released to coincide with key (inter)national sporting events, including the 2000 Sydney Olympics and the 2004 Rugby World Cup. All four Spirit commercials feature children singing Peter Allen's I Still Call Australia Home in picturesque global and national landscapes. As a result of the Spirit campaign's widespread success, Peter Allen's song has become almost synonymous with the Qantas brand. The iconic Spirit commercials are exemplary in (re)affirming the public consciousness towards Australian childhood identity. Exploring national issues of freedom, race, youth and adventure, the commercials are situated among diverse social signs that attempt to typify Australian children. Influenced by post-structural theoretical frames, the author analyses the ‘social’ semiotic dimensions of these advertisements. His intention is to contribute to understandings of the discursive constitution of Australian childhoods in advertising. The unique iconic status of the Spirit campaign, he argues, lies in its capacity to be commensurate with, and (re)affirm, Australia's public perceptions of self and community.
13
Oliver, Rhonda, Honglin Chen, and Stephen Moore. "Review of selected research in applied linguistics published in Australia (2008–2014)." Language Teaching 49, no. 4 (September 23, 2016): 513–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444816000148.
Abstract:
This article reviews the significant and diverse range of research in applied linguistics published in Australia in the period 2008–2014. Whilst acknowledging that a great deal of research by Australian scholars has been published internationally during these seven years, this review is based on books, journal articles, and conference proceedings published in Australia. Many of these sources will be unfamiliar to an international audience, and the purpose of this article is to highlight this body of research and the themes emerging from it. The journals selected in this review includeAustralian Journal of Language and Literacy, Australian Review of Applied Linguistics (ARAL), BABEL, English in Australia, English Australia, Papers in Language Testing and Assessment, Prospect: An Australian Journal of TESOL, TESOL in Context, andUniversity of Sydney Papers in TESOL. Selected refereed proceedings are from key national conferences including: ALAA (Applied Linguistics Association of Australia), ACTA (Australian Council of TESOL Association), ASFLA (Australian Systemic Functional Linguistics Association), and ALS (Australian Linguistics Society). Our review of selected applied linguistics work revolves around the following themes: the responses to the needs of government planning and policy; the complexity of Australia's multicultural, multilingual society; the concern for recognizing context and culture as key factors in language and language learning; social activism in supporting language pedagogy and literacy programmes at all levels of education; and acknowledgement of the unique place held by Indigenous languages and Aboriginal English in the national linguistic landscape.
14
Côté, Rochelle R., Xianbi Huang, Yangtao Huang, and Mark Western. "Immigrant network diversity in the land of the fair go." Journal of Sociology 55, no. 2 (December 10, 2018): 199–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783318817684.
Abstract:
Using data from a first national Australian survey of networks, this article explores factors linked with differential diversity of immigrant social capital. Past international research shows that ethnic minorities have less diverse social capital, an important resource for securing opportunities and getting ahead. A similar research focus has not existed so far in Australia. This article explores social capital in Australia, focusing on immigrants from different world regions. Findings show significant inequalities in social capital across immigrants and that time spent in Australia does not improve these inequalities when compared with those who are native-born. Conclusions posit the need for a greater focus on social capital and ethnic inequality in Australia.
15
McEwin, Marion. "Social indicators and social statistics in Australia." Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 12, no. 3-4 (October 1, 1995): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sju-1995-123-409.
16
Backhouse, Kim, and Mark Wickham. "Corporate governance, boards of directors and corporate social responsibility: The Australian context." Corporate Ownership and Control 17, no. 4 (2020): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv17i4art5.
Abstract:
The challenge of corporate governance in Australian corporations is similar to those faced by the majority of corporations operating globally albeit the manner in which corporate governance is structured in Australia represents a strong reflection of the island continent’s people, egalitarian culture, and legislative framework. This article considers the legal framework in which Australian corporations operate within, which includes a discussion of corporate governance principles, the role of directors and ownership structures of companies in Australia. Australian board of director practices are discussed in detailed and this article outlines how these practices are heavily influenced by the Australian Commonwealth Corporations Law (which sets out mandatory legal requirements that all Australian companies must adhere to). The article continues to explore briefly directors’ remuneration practices, recent shareholder’s rights protection and activism, the importance of corporate governance and the link to firm performance, and finally the importance of corporate social responsibility in the Australian context.
17
Scott, John G., Jodie Grigg, Monica Barratt, and Simon Lenton. "Social capital and cannabis supply." Journal of Sociology 53, no. 2 (February 3, 2017): 382–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783316688342.
Abstract:
The distribution of cannabis in Australia is examined with reference to motivations for supplying drugs. We argue that the distribution of cannabis in Australia is best understood with reference to the concept of social supply, where a supplier, not considered to be a ‘drug dealer proper’, brokers, facilitates or sells drugs, for little or no financial gain to friends and acquaintances. The article draws on data from surveys and interviews with 200 young Australian cannabis users, almost all of whom had also supplied cannabis at some point in their lifetime. We further theorise the concept of social supply with reference to social capital. We argue that a sociological understanding of drug distribution should focus on drug communities, as opposed to markets, describing the features of social organisation that exist between people within social networks and related implications that such features might have in terms of social harm and well-being.
18
Burrow, Sharan. "Australia's Social and Commercial Engagement with China: What Direction for the Relationship?" Journal of Industrial Relations 49, no. 5 (November 2007): 615–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185607082211.
Abstract:
This article suggests four criteria that any Australian Government should satisfy in promoting new forms of social and commercial engagement in the Australia—China economic and trading relationship. Any Free Trade Agreement (FTA) should require a high level of commitment to meet four standards. First, the inclusion of a labour clause within the agreement. Second, the government must now ensure that there is no disadvantage to Australian industry particularly for the purpose of applying anti-dumping provisions. Third, an Australia—China FTA would need to demonstrate how the economic and trading relationship would become more balanced and why a bilateral FTA will not further compromise the multilateral system. Fourth, the government must demonstrate its commitment to make Australia free trade ready so the nation can maximize the benefits and minimize the costs of commercial engagement with China and other counties. Ultimately corporate globalization will only work for the world's workers and their families when it is underpinned by a fair set of global rules including labour rights.
19
Musgrave, Simon, and Julie Bradshaw. "Language and social inclusion." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 37, no. 3 (January 1, 2014): 198–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.37.3.01mus.
Abstract:
Social inclusion policy in Australia has largely ignored key issues of communication for linguistic minorities, across communities and with the mainstream community. In the (now disbanded) Social Inclusion Board’s reports (e.g., Social Inclusion Unit, 2009), the emphasis is on the economic aspects of inclusion, while little attention has been paid to questions of language and culture. Assimilatory aspects of policy are foregrounded, and language is mainly mentioned in relation to the provision of classes in English as a Second Language. There is some recognition of linguistic diversity but the implications of this for inclusion and intercultural communication are not developed. Australian society can now be characterised as super-diverse, containing numerous ethnic groups each with multiple and different affiliations. We argue that a social inclusion policy that supports such linguistic and cultural diversity needs an evidence-based approach to the role of language and we evaluate existing policy approaches to linguistic and cultural diversity in Australia to assess whether inclusion is construed primarily in terms of enhancing intercultural communication, or of assimilation to the mainstream.
20
DEEMING, CHRISTOPHER, and PAUL SMYTH. "Social Investment after Neoliberalism: Policy Paradigms and Political Platforms." Journal of Social Policy 44, no. 2 (November 19, 2014): 297–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279414000828.
Abstract:
AbstractThe concept of the ‘social investment state’ refocuses attention on the productive function of social policy eclipsed for some time by the emphasis on its social protection or compensation roles. Here we distinguish between different social investment strategies, the Nordic ‘heavy’ and the Liberal ‘light’, with particular reference to the inclusive growth approach adopted in Australia. In 2007, social democrats in Australia returned to government with a clear mandate to reject the labour market deregulation and other neoliberal policies of its predecessor, and to tackle entrenched social and economic disadvantage in Australian society. For the last five years, social investment and inclusive growth has been at the centre of the Australian social policy agenda. Against this background, the article examines and critically assesses the (re)turn to ‘social investment’ thinking in Australia during Labor's term in office (2007–13). Analysis focuses not just on what was actually achieved, but also on the constraining role of prevailing economic and political circumstances and on the processes that were used to drive social investment reform. In many ways, the article goes some way to exposing ongoing tensions surrounding the distinctiveness of ‘social investment’ strategies pursued by leftist parties within the (neo)liberal state.
21
Yu, Haiqing, and Wanning Sun. "Introduction: social media and Chinese digital diaspora in Australia." Media International Australia 173, no. 1 (September 18, 2019): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x19875854.
Abstract:
This article explores two contested concepts: Chinese digital diaspora and social media. It signposts two issues central to the special issue that analyses the roles of digital and social media in the lives of Chinese migrants in Australia, that is, (1) WeChat and other digital platforms in enabling civic participation in Australian socio-economic, cultural, and political lives; (2) the impact of such digital practices on their identity and citizenship.
22
McNamara, T. F. "Language and social identity." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 10, no. 2 (January 1, 1987): 33–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.10.2.04mcn.
Abstract:
Abstract The study of language attitudes and language maintenance and shift in intergroup settings has not always been related to an explicit model of the intergroup situation itself. Such a model is available in Tajfel’s Social Identity Theory. This paper explores the potential of the model for predicting and explaining language maintenance and shift among immigrant and indigenous groups in Australia. The theory forms the basis of a study of the maintenance of modern Hebrew among immigrants from Israel in Melbourne, and is used to reinterpret the findings of several other recent Australian studies.
23
Aldous, David E. "Perspectives on Horticultural Therapy in Australia." HortTechnology 10, no. 1 (January 2000): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.10.1.18.
Abstract:
Human awareness of plants in Australia goes back 50,000 years when the aboriginal first began using plants to treat, clothe and feed themselves. The European influence came in 1778 with the First Fleet landing in New South Wales. Australia's earliest records of using horticulture for therapy and rehabilitation were in institutions for people with intellectual disabilities or who were incarcerated. Eventually, legislation created greater awareness in the government and community for the needs of persons with disabilities, and many worthwhile projects, programs and organizations were established or gained greater recognition. Horticultural therapy programs may be found in nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, adult training support services, hospitals, day centers, community centers and gardens, educational institutions, supported employment, and the prisons system. This article reviews the history and development of Australian horticulture as a therapy in the treatment of disabilities and social disadvantaged groups, and includes an overview of programs offered for special populations and of Australia's horticultural therapy associations. It also discusses opportunities for research, teaching and extension for horticultural therapy in Australia.
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Layton, Robert, and Warren Shapiro. "Social Organization in Aboriginal Australia." Man 20, no. 4 (December 1985): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2802798.
25
Fook, Jan. "Social work research in Australia." Social Work Education 22, no. 1 (February 2003): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02615470309134.
26
Alston, Margaret. "Social Capital in Rural Australia." Rural Society 12, no. 2 (January 2002): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/rsj.12.2.93.
27
Lee, Jung-Sook. "School Social Work in Australia." Australian Social Work 65, no. 4 (December 2012): 552–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0312407x.2012.675343.
28
Hayes, Derren, and Ewan King. "Strength-based social work, Australia." Children and Young People Now 2018, no. 11 (November 2, 2018): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/cypn.2018.11.48.
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Mendes, Philip. "Social Workers and Social Activism in Victoria, Australia." Journal of Progressive Human Services 18, no. 1 (April 5, 2007): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j059v18n01_03.
30
Antonius, Nicky, Xiangzhu Gao, and Jun Xu. "Applying Enterprise Social Software for Knowledge Management." International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science 7, no. 4 (October 2016): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkss.2016100102.
Abstract:
This paper investigates the application of Enterprise Social Software for knowledge management in Australia. The Enterprise Social Software researched here assisted in collaborative knowledge sharing to support data-driven decision making. Enterprise Social Software was beneficial for complex tasks, especially those that involved a wide range of collaborators such as multi-disciplinary teams or geographically distant users. Australian knowledge workers found Enterprise Social Software to be extremely helpful in enhancing their externalisation and combination, but less proficient in socialisation and internalisation. In overall, there was agreement among respondents that Enterprise Social Software was facilitating them to meet work requirements which would be very hard or impossible to deliver without. The findings highlight Enterprise Social Software as a technological platform that diffuses the task complexity facing knowledge workers in Australia as a representation of the next generation Knowledge Management Systems.
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Selvarajah, Christopher, John Chelliah, Denny Meyer, Edwina Pio, and Pacapol Anurit. "The impact of social motivation on cooperative learning and assessment preferences." Journal of Management & Organization 16, no. 1 (March 2010): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200002303.
Abstract:
AbstractThis study explores the assessment preferences of 453 postgraduate business students in New Zealand, Australia, and Thailand using a survey linking motivational and educational preferences. This study compares the needs of Western students (Australian and New Zealand), Asian (Thai) and international students (predominantly Chinese and Indian students) in Australia and New Zealand (ANZAC). One major finding is that students from these three countries who are socially motivated prefer ‘cooperative learning’. Further, the study specifically shows that students from Thailand are more socially motivated than students from Australia and New Zealand (ANZAC) while International ANZAC students have the greatest desire for cooperative learning. It also shows that group assessment poses quite significant challenges for local ANZAC students and therefore, remedial intervention from universities is essential if group assessments are to remain relevant and useful in achieving meaningful teaching and learning outcomes.
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Selvarajah, Christopher, John Chelliah, Denny Meyer, Edwina Pio, and Pacapol Anurit. "The impact of social motivation on cooperative learning and assessment preferences." Journal of Management & Organization 16, no. 1 (March 2010): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.16.1.113.
Abstract:
AbstractThis study explores the assessment preferences of 453 postgraduate business students in New Zealand, Australia, and Thailand using a survey linking motivational and educational preferences. This study compares the needs of Western students (Australian and New Zealand), Asian (Thai) and international students (predominantly Chinese and Indian students) in Australia and New Zealand (ANZAC). One major finding is that students from these three countries who are socially motivated prefer ‘cooperative learning’. Further, the study specifically shows that students from Thailand are more socially motivated than students from Australia and New Zealand (ANZAC) while International ANZAC students have the greatest desire for cooperative learning. It also shows that group assessment poses quite significant challenges for local ANZAC students and therefore, remedial intervention from universities is essential if group assessments are to remain relevant and useful in achieving meaningful teaching and learning outcomes.
33
Fan, Cynthia, and Anita S. Mak. "MEASURING SOCIAL SELF-EFFICACY IN A CULTURALLY DIVERSE STUDENT POPULATION." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 26, no. 2 (January 1, 1998): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1998.26.2.131.
Abstract:
This paper reports the construction and validation of a measure of social self-efficacy in a range of social interaction situations commonly experienced by tertiary students, including situations posing special concern to recent arrivals to the Australian educational setting. Participants in the first study were 228 undergraduate students. Among these, 91 were Australia-born with English-speaking-background parents (Anglo-Australians), 90 were also Australia-born but had parents from a non-English-speaking-background (NESB Australia-born), and 47 were overseas-born with NESB parents (NESB immigrants). Item and factor analyses yielded a 20-item, 4-factors Social Self-Efficacy Scale for Students (SSESS). The four factors were Absence of Social Difficulties, Social Confidence, Sharing Interests, and Friendship Initiatives. Evidence of the scale's satisfactory internal consistency reliability, and its concurrent and construct validity is presented. Indication of satisfactory test-retest reliability was obtained from a second sample of 16 university students. Applications and directions for further research are discussed.
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Taylor, Jessica, and Greer Lamaro Haintz. "Influence of the social determinants of health on access to healthcare services among refugees in Australia." Australian Journal of Primary Health 24, no. 1 (2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py16147.
Abstract:
Refugees in Australia are not fully utilising the healthcare system for several reasons and this may be affecting their overall health outcomes. This qualitative systematic review examined the influence of the social determinants of health on refugees’ access to healthcare services in Australia. Electronic databases were searched using terms relating to refugees, social determinants, healthcare services, barriers, enablers and Australia. Only peer-reviewed studies published in English since 2006, which focused on refugees and specifically discussed social determinants influencing refugees’ access to healthcare services in Australia, were included. The studies were critically analysed using standard Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Tools. Eight studies were included in the review. Findings reveal multiple factors influence refugees’ access to healthcare in Australia, and these can be conceptualised within a social-ecological model of health; that is, they operate across individual, interpersonal, environmental, organisational and policy levels. The novel finding of this review was the re-occurrence of similar influences across multiple healthcare service settings in Australia. The prevalence and re-occurring nature of the social determinants of health suggests that refugees are experiencing multilayered barriers to accessing Australian healthcare. All levels of a social-ecological model must be addressed in any attempt to break down these barriers.
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Dalton, Vicki. "Death and Dying in Prison in Australia: National Overview, 1980–1998." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 27, no. 3 (1999): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1999.tb01461.x.
Abstract:
This paper discusses the role of the Australian Institute of Criminology (AIC) in monitoring inmate deaths in custody on a national basis. It also provides a descriptive overview of Australian Indigenous and non-Indigenous inmate deaths in custody during the eighteen-year period between 1980 and 1998.In October 1987, the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody (RCIADIC) commenced investigating the deaths of Australia's Indigenous people in custody throughout Australia between January 1, 1980 and May 31, 1989. RCIADIC's task was to examine the circumstances of the deaths; the actions taken by authorities; and the underlying causes of Indigenous deaths in custody, including social, cultural, and legal factors. The investigation found that the major factor contributing to the high number of Indigenous deaths in custody was the disproportionately higher rates at which Indigenous people come into contact with the criminal justice system. RCIADIC concluded that the most significant reason for this contact was the severely disadvantaged social, economic, and cultural position of many Indigenous people.
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Young, James C., Rudy Arthur, Michelle Spruce, and Hywel T. P. Williams. "Social Sensing of Heatwaves." Sensors 21, no. 11 (May 26, 2021): 3717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113717.
Abstract:
Heatwaves cause thousands of deaths every year, yet the social impacts of heat are poorly measured. Temperature alone is not sufficient to measure impacts and “heatwaves” are defined differently in different cities/countries. This study used data from the microblogging platform Twitter to detect different scales of response and varying attitudes to heatwaves within the United Kingdom (UK), the United States of America (US) and Australia. At the country scale, the volume of heat-related Twitter activity increased exponentially as temperature increased. The initial social reaction differed between countries, with a larger response to heatwaves elicited from the UK than from Australia, despite the comparatively milder conditions in the UK. Language analysis reveals that the UK user population typically responds with concern for individual wellbeing and discomfort, whereas Australian and US users typically focus on the environmental consequences. At the city scale, differing responses are seen in London, Sydney and New York on governmentally defined heatwave days; sentiment changes predictably in London and New York over a 24-h period, while sentiment is more constant in Sydney. This study shows that social media data can provide robust observations of public response to heat, suggesting that social sensing of heatwaves might be useful for preparedness and mitigation.
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Rumley, Dennis. "The Asia-Pacific region and the new world order." Ekistics and The New Habitat 70, no. 422/423 (December 1, 2003): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200370422/423259.
Abstract:
The author is Associate Professor, School of Social and Cultural Studies, University of Western Australia. He gained a Geography Honours degree and MA in Applied Geography at the University of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, and a Ph. D at the University of British Columbia. He has taught at the University of Western Australia since then, apart from 1991-1993 when he was Professor of Australian Studies at the University of Tokyo attached to the Department of International Relations at Komaba. He has published widely in various areas of political geography, including electoral geography, local government, federalism and more recently geopolitics. His most recent book, is The Geopolitics of Australia's Regional Relations (Dordrecht, Kluwer, 1999, reprinted 2001). His current research projects are in the areas of water security, Australia's "arc of instability," regionalism and Australia-Asia relations. He is a full member of the IGU Commission on the World Political Map and English-language editor of Chiri, the Japanese journal of human geography. He will be Visiting Professor at the University of Kyoto during 2003.
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Hefni, Wildani, Rizqa Ahmadi, and Maslathif Dwi Purnomo. "RELIGIOUS MOBILITY AND IDENTITY IN THE LIVES OF URBAN MUSLIM SOCIETY IN AUSTRALIA: AN ANATOMY OF RELIGIOUS PRACTICE." Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 27, no. 2 (October 16, 2022): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/akademika.v27i2.5411.
Abstract:
This article discusses religious mobility in the lives of urban Muslim society in Australia by investigating organizational projects and religious practices. This paper uses ethnographic fieldwork consisting of in-depth interviews and hang-out in the organization meeting and gatherings among urban Muslim society in Australia. This paper argues that although urban Muslim society in Australia is associated with a Muslim minority, they contribute significantly to the development of Islamic education, Islamic altruism, and spirituality performance. Urban Muslim society in Australia demonstrates social sensitivity by establishing social institutions to show their embodied Muslim identity, such as Islamic Society of Melbourne Eastern Region (ISOMER) in Melbourne, Islamic Science and Research (ISRA) in Sydney, and Australian Sufi Association (ASA). They show their religious mobility as well as their religious practices as part of an agent of social change by promoting community engagement as an embodiment of social solidarity.
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Hamamura, Takeshi, and Berlian Gressy Septarini. "Culture and Self-Esteem Over Time." Social Psychological and Personality Science 8, no. 8 (May 5, 2017): 904–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550617698205.
Abstract:
Self-esteem is increasing in the United States according to temporal meta-analyses of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. However, it remains unclear whether this trend reflects broad social ecological shifts toward urban, affluent, and technologically advanced or a unique cultural history. A temporal meta-analysis of self-esteem was conducted in Australia. Australia shares social ecological and cultural similarities with the United States. On the other hand, Australian culture is horizontally individualistic and places a stronger emphasis on self-other equality compared to American culture. For this reason, the strengthening norm of positive self-esteem found in the United States may not be evident in Australia. Consistent with this possibility, the findings indicated that self-esteem among Australian high school students, university students, and community participants did not change between 1978 and 2014.
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Spencer, Les. "The Expanding Role of Clinical Sociology in Australia." Journal of Applied Social Science 3, no. 2 (September 2009): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193672440900300205.
Abstract:
This paper introduces clinical sociology as a humanistic, multidisciplinary specialty seeking to improve the quality of people's lives. It traces the emergence of clinical sociology in the United States in 1931, and in Australia in the late 1950s in the context of the pioneering clinical sociology research into social transformation at Australian society's margins by Neville Yeomans. A contemporary illustration is given demonstrating how a biopyschosocial model of health is now being implemented as world best-evidence-based practice within the Australian health care delivery system. Further arguments, citing national and international evidence based on sociotherapeutic models of intervention, support a proposal for the Australian Sociology Association to engage in dialogues with health care agencies with the view of establishing clinical sociologists as an integral part of the Australian health-care delivery system.
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Bennett, Tony, Modesto Gayo, and David Rowe. "Television in Australia: capitals, tastes, practices and platforms." Media International Australia 167, no. 1 (April 13, 2018): 126–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x18766788.
Abstract:
This article discusses the findings of a national survey of the social organisation of television viewing practices in contemporary Australia. These questions are addressed through multiple correspondence analyses of the aspects of television practices and tastes covered in the survey. These go beyond channel and genre preferences to include a sample of Australian and overseas produced television programmes and of 10 Australian TV personalities. The differential distribution of tastes across Australian and overseas programmes also throws significant light on different investments in the national culture across different social groups. The survey data also includes evidence regarding viewing platform and device preferences. In concluding, the article reviews the evidence of a cluster analysis, registering the effects of major changes within the television field in Australia, including the decline of free-to-air and ‘linear’ viewing, the rise of streaming services and the erosion of brand loyalty as it relates to television channels.
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El Haq, Muhammad Naser, and Muhammad Saef El Islam. "AUSTRALIA SEBAGAI KEKUATAN REGIONAL DALAM EKSPLOITASI SUMBER DAYA ALAM DI KAWASAN PASIFIK." Indonesian Journal of International Relations 4, no. 1 (May 20, 2020): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v4i1.117.
Abstract:
Since Australia was still a colonial territory under Great Britain, the Australian colonial administration had a goal of making Australia a regional power that had interests in the Pacific region, specifically the South Pacific. The South Pacific region itself is an area that has already been proven to have considerable natural wealth, ranging from an abundance of marine biota wealth, oil reserves which have been discovered and also have not been explored, and mineral wealth lying beneath the Pacific Earth makes this area as a very interesting area to control. The widespread influence of Australia in the Pacific region makes Australia a country that has large bargaining power in exploration and exploitation projects of natural resources in the region. This article uses the concepts of the theory of Hegemony and Regionalism with descriptive qualitative research methods which sets out some examples of cases of Australia's role as a regional power in the exploitation of natural resources in the Pacific region. Australia as a regional power in the Pacific shows a tendency to control the natural resources that are buried in the region. Various methods such as military, economic and social interventions are carried out by Australia to benefit from the natural wealth in the Pacific region.
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Cheeseman, Sandra. "Pedagogical Silences in Australian Early Childhood Social Policy." Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood 8, no. 3 (September 2007): 244–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2007.8.3.244.
Abstract:
Growing international interest in the early childhood years has been accompanied by an expansion of public programs in Australia targeting young children and their families. This article explores some of the influences and rhetoric that frame these initiatives. It encourages critical examination of the discourses that shape the nature of early childhood programs in Australia and identifies a range of barriers that inhibit the involvement of early childhood teachers in the design and delivery of social policy initiatives for young children. As the imperatives of programs seeking to overcome social disadvantage take prominence in Australian early childhood policy initiatives, pedagogical perspectives that promote universal rights to more comprehensive early childhood experiences can easily be silenced. The article calls for pedagogical leadership to overcome these barriers and promote the democratic rights of all children to high-quality and publicly supported early childhood education and care programs.
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Barraket, Jo, Heather Douglas, Robyn Eversole, Chris Mason, Joanne McNeill, and Bronwen Morgan. "Classifying social enterprise models in Australia." Social Enterprise Journal 13, no. 4 (November 6, 2017): 345–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sej-09-2017-0045.
Abstract:
PurposeThis paper aims to document the nature of social enterprise models in Australia, their evolution and institutional drivers. Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on secondary analysis of source materials and the existing literature on social enterprise in Australia. Analysis was verified through consultation with key actors in the social enterprise ecosystem. FindingsWith its historical roots in an enterprising non-profit sector and the presence of cooperative and mutual businesses, the practice of social enterprise in Australia is relatively mature. Yet, the language of social enterprise and social entrepreneurship remains marginal and contested. The nature of social enterprise activity in Australia reflects the role of an internally diverse civil society within an economically privileged society and in response to an increasingly residualised welfare state. Australia’s geography and demography have also played determining roles in the function and presence of social enterprise, particularly in rural and remote communities. Originality/valueThe paper contributes to comparative understandings of social enterprise and provides the first detailed account of social enterprise development in Australia.
45
Pietsch, Juliet. "Diverse Outcomes: Social Citizenship and the Inclusion of Skilled Migrants in Australia." Social Inclusion 5, no. 1 (March 28, 2017): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v5i1.777.
Abstract:
The sociology of citizenship is concerned with the social and economic conditions of citizens of a national community. Drawing on T. H. Marshall’s contribution to the theory of social citizenship this article argues that some groups of migrants and ethnic minorities in Australia, particularly those from non-British and European Backgrounds, face a number of social and institutional barriers which prevent them from reaching their full potential as members of Australia’s multicultural community. Evidence from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Census data shows different socioeconomic outcomes for migrants from British and European backgrounds compared with migrants from Asian backgrounds, despite having similar educational qualifications and length of time living in Australia. As such, it is argued that achieving social membership and inclusion continues to be a struggle for particular groups of migrants. A deeper commitment to the core principles of citizenship that is beyond mere notions of formal equality is needed if Australia is to address this important social issue.
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Zhang, Ge, and Wilfred Yang Wang. "‘Property talk’ among Chinese Australians: WeChat and the production of diasporic space." Media International Australia 173, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x19837669.
Abstract:
This article examines the ways the Australian property market is addressed among Chinese migrants in Australia on and off WeChat, one of the most popular instant messenger apps installed on Smartphones. Specifically, we focus on how migrant media and real estate professionals’ narratives on real estate properties constitute and reproduce a transnational Chinese diasporic space between China and Australia. Although the latest wave of ‘property talk’ is relatively a new concept to the mainstream Australian societies due to the housing price boom since 2012, talking about land and property ownerships has always been integral part of Chinese diasporic culture. Yet, with the advent of digital media technologies, this cultural conversation is increasingly being delivered, processed and experienced through digital platforms such as that of WeChat. Drawing on observations on WeChat and interviews with Chinese media and real estate practitioners in Australia, we conceive that WeChat plays a vital role in forging and reproducing Chinese diasporic spaces in Australia by articulating the intersection of diasporic spatiality and mediasphere. We contend that WeChat’s affordances of the informational, interpersonal and instrumental have aided Chinese migrants and those Chinese real estate practitioners to co-constitute a social space of property talk that enables new social relations to be negotiated and social networks to be established and reinforced across China and Australia.
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Williams, Henrietta, and Sandra Davidson. "Improving adolescent sexual and reproductive health. A view from Australia: learning from world's best practice." Sexual Health 1, no. 2 (2004): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh03023.
Abstract:
There is increasing awareness worldwide of the importance of sexual and reproductive health in adolescents. Australia's high rates of teenage pregnancy and increasing rates of sexually transmitted infections in young people reflect a failure to prioritise adolescent sexual and reproductive health on the public health agenda. This paper reviews adolescent sexual and reproductive health in Australia in comparison with international data, and examines the systemic, social and cultural factors that influence it. Based on comparisons with international best practice, recommendations are included for improvement in adolescent sexual and reproductive health within the Australian context.
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Richmond, Anthony H., Adam Jamrozik, Cathy Boland, and Robert Urquhart. "Social and Cultural Transformation in Australia." International Migration Review 30, no. 2 (1996): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2547405.
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Crichton, Anne, Allan Borowski, Sol Encel, and Elizabeth Ozanne. "Ageing and Social Policy in Australia." Pacific Affairs 72, no. 1 (1999): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2672383.
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SIAHPUSH, MOHAMMAD, and GOPAL K. SINGH. "Social integration and mortality in Australia." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 23, no. 6 (December 1999): 571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.1999.tb01539.x.