Academic literature on the topic 'Social aspects of Fraud'

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Journal articles on the topic "Social aspects of Fraud"

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Utami, Intiyas, Sutarto Wijono, Suzy Noviyanti, and Nafsiah Mohamed. "Fraud diamond, Machiavellianism and fraud intention." International Journal of Ethics and Systems 35, no. 4 (November 11, 2019): 531–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-02-2019-0042.

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Purpose This study aims to test the causality of fraud diamond factors (pressure, rationalization, opportunity and capability) and Machiavellian personality on fraud intention. Design/methodology/approach This study used a 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 web-based laboratory experiment. Our subjects are accounting students from various Indonesian universities as surrogates of an accountant of a firm. We analyzed the data using the independent t-test. Findings This study provides empirical evidence that the four aspects of fraud diamond, namely pressure, opportunity, rationalization and capability cause fraud intention. Besides, high Machiavellian attitude also causes high fraud intention. Research limitations/implications This study is a Web-based one that is subject to the instability of internet access. Specifically, some subjects had to redo the completion of their experimental modules because of the unstable internet connection. Practical implications The results of this study suggest organizations to pay attention to their members’ behavioral aspects that can be the symptoms of fraud and to design whistleblowing systems to prevent fraud intention as an opportunity factor within organizations. Social implications Social implications are to develop the appropriate whistleblowing system to mitigate the fraud. Originality/value The novelty of this study lies in combining the experimental test of fraud diamond (internal and external factors) and Machiavellianism as a personality factor as the determinants of fraud intention. Further, another novelty lies in the use of the antifraud system as a proxy of opportunity that has not yet extensively investigated by previous studies.
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Zhang, Xiaobing, Fu-Sheng Tsai, Chih-Chen Lin, Ya-Fang Cheng, and Kun-Hwa Lu. "Fraud, Economic versus Social-Psychological Losses, and Sustainable E-Auction." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (September 3, 2018): 3130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093130.

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As compared to the economic losses, social and psychological losses are of equal importance in discussing the losses when encountering fraud. Taking advantage of a perspective paper form (i.e., free writing style with a mix of description, analysis, and comments) with in-depth discussions and well-developed propositions, we combine considerations from the knowledge gap, platform quality, and risk management to discuss the comparative seriousness of different fraud-caused losses. The conceptual model mainly articulates on a series of relationships among different degrees of knowledge gap, platform quality, and risk management in predicting the various combinative losses in the economic, social, and psychological aspects. Propositions follow. First, when the knowledge gap is higher, the economic losses of being cheated on the internet will be higher, while lower in social and psychological losses. Second, when perceived platform quality is higher, the economic losses of being cheated on the internet will be lower, while higher in social and psychological losses. Third, when platform risk management is better, all aspects of being cheated on the internet will be lower. Based on the assumption of network externality, we also argue that the multiple dimensions of fraud-caused losses may damage e-auction sustainability. Theoretical and practical implications will be discussed.
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Ortner, Sherry B. "Capitalism, Kinship, and Fraud." Social Analysis 63, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/sa.2019.630301.

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Investment broker Bernie Madoff ran what is still considered the largest Ponzi scheme in history, defrauding thousands of investors over a 20-year period of more than $20 billion. He worked his game almost entirely through kinship connections—relatives, friends of relatives, and relatives of friends. The relationship between kinship and capitalism has drawn renewed attention by anthropologists, part of a broader effort to rethink capitalism not as a free-standing ‘economy’ but as deeply embedded in a wide range of social relations. In this article I use the Madoff case to illustrate, and develop further, several aspects of the kinship/capitalism connection. I also consider briefly the boundary between fraud and ‘legitimate’ capitalism, which many economic historians consider a fuzzy boundary at best.
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Perez-Vaisvidovsky, Nadav. "Fathers as Frauds: On the Criminalization of Fathers in the Parental Leave for Fathers Program in Israel." Men and Masculinities 22, no. 2 (March 3, 2017): 127–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097184x17696175.

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The criminalization of poverty, the process in which recipients of social security benefits are construed as frauds, is a well-documented phenomenon. Two aspects of this process are the use of stereotypes as a tool in fraud accusations and the targeting of marginalized populations. In this article, I wish to expand the gendered discussion of this phenomenon to men by examining the process of the construction of Israeli fathers wishing to take parental leave as welfare frauds. I will claim that this process is based on gendered assumptions that deny the possibility of fathers wishing to care for their children. The program that allows fathers to share parental leave experiences a high reported rate of fraud by fathers claiming parental leave benefits. However, analysis shows that the evidence does not support these reports and that claims on fraud and abuse are the result of a tendentious interpretation of the data by bureaucrats. This tendentiousness is based, I argue, on implicit assumptions about the nature of men. As this case shows, criminalization of benefit recipients can be targeted at nonmarginalized or even privileged groups. This sheds new light both on the criminalization process and on the workings of the gendered power structure.
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Soomro, Zahoor Ahmed, Javed Ahmed, Mahmood Hussain Shah, and Khalil Khoumbati. "Investigating identity fraud management practices in e-tail sector: a systematic review." Journal of Enterprise Information Management 32, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 301–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeim-06-2018-0110.

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PurposeIdentity fraud is a growing issue for online retail organisations. The literature on this issue is scattered, and none of the studies presents a holistic view of identity fraud management practices in the online retail context. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the identity fraud management practices and present a comprehensive set of practices for e-tail sector.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review approach was adopted, and the articles were selected through pre-set inclusion criteria. The authors synthesised existing literature to investigate identity fraud management in e-tail sector.FindingsThe research finds that literature on practices for identity fraud management is scattered. The findings also reveal that firms assume identity fraud issues as a technological challenge, which is one of the major reasons for a gap in effective management of identity frauds. This research suggests e-tailers to deal this issue as a management challenge and counter strategies should be developed in technological, human and organisational aspects.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to the published sources of data. Studies, based on empirical data, will be helpful to support the argument of this study; additionally, future studies are recommended to include a wide number of databases.Practical implicationsThis research will help e-tail organisations to understand the whole of identity fraud management and help them develop and implement a comprehensive set of practices at each stage, for effective management identity frauds.Originality/valueThis research makes unique contributions by synthesising existing literature at each stage of fraud management and encompasses social, organisational and technological aspects. It will also help academicians understanding a holistic view of available research and opens new lines for future research.
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Zourrig, Haithem, Jeongsoo Park, Kamel El Hedhli, and Mengxia Zhang. "The effect of cultural tightness–looseness on fraud perception in insurance services." International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences 10, no. 2 (June 18, 2018): 138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqss-02-2017-0016.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how cultural tightness may influence consumers’ attitudes toward insurance services and occurrence of insurance fraud. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on Gelfand et al.’s (2011) theory of tight and loose cultures, the authors theorize that perceived wrongness of insurance fraud, fraud occurrence and perceived risk of being caught depend on the cultural tightness. Using field data from a global European social survey (ESS), the authors investigate these differences across two fairly different European countries – Norway (i.e. tight culture) and Ukraine (i.e. loose culture). Findings Consumers from tight culture report less tolerance for insurance fraud (inflating insurance claim) are less likely to commit an insurance fraud, and they perceive higher level of risk of being caught than their counterparts from loose culture (Ukraine). Practical implications Understanding cultural variability in attitude toward insurance fraud, the occurrence of insurance fraud and the sensitivity to the risk of being caught could enrich the authors knowledge about how to prevent insurance fraud. Social implications Consumer protection agencies, consumer educators and policymakers could all benefit from understanding cultural variability in attitude toward fraud. This will potentially help to design effective learning and education programs to sensitize customers to the illegal and unethical aspects of fraudulent behaviors. Originality/value Insurance fraud is a universal issue and exists in many European countries, yet no previous work has investigated the effect of cultural tightness–looseness on fraud perception.
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Maulidi, Ach. "Storytelling of bureaucratic white-collar crimes in Indonesia: is it a matter of reciprocal norm?" Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 573–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-07-2019-0087.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the existing fraud studies and theory (fraud triangle) from bureaucratic crime perspectives. Importantly, this paper answers calls on research, exploring the routines of interaction both micro- and social psychological constructs in studying fraudulent behaviours. These aspects are relatively new, which have a little attention from auditing and fraud literature. Design/methodology/approach Experienced fraud perpetrators were used for this study. A semi-structured interview technique was used, allowing to uncover rich descriptive data on the personal experiences of participants. It allowed them to tell and illustrate why and how they get involved in fraudulent activities. Findings Many explanations, from a wide variety of perspectives, have been advanced to explain why people commit fraud in bureaucracy. Using reciprocity and exchange theory as a basis, it was found strong evidence for expanding fraud triangle theory (Cressey, 1953) as a predictor of individual’s intention to commit white-collar crimes. Evidence of these results provides a new challenge to other accounts of why systemic fraud would or would not occur. In this point, it highlights the concepts of social exchange and the norm of reciprocity serve as a useful beginning for explaining the factors that cause someone to commit occupational fraud. Generally, a number of distinct empirical and theoretical contributions arise from the current study. Originality/value This paper contributes to the enrichment of fraud theory and literature, from psychological perspectives. With regard to the reciprocity between peers within and outside organisation, it offers theoretical frameworks about the reasons for the decisions to commit white-collar crimes. As such, it advances fraud and auditing studies.
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Amerieska, Siti, Atik Andhayani, and Novi Nugrahani. "Accountability in Village Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) Based on Sustainable Livelihood Assets." Journal of International Conference Proceedings 4, no. 1 (July 22, 2021): 332–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32535/jicp.v4i1.1160.

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The number of fraud cases in Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) necessitates the implementation of accountability in order to reduce the potential for corruption or other forms of fraud within the BUMDes entity. Meanwhile, research on accountability in BUM Desa has received little attention. This paper aims to study an accountability model based on Sustainable Livelihood Assets, which include accountability based on asset potential (natural, physical, financial, human, social and cultural assets) that has been institutionalized in the management of BUMDes. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with content analysis method and as theoretical triangulation also uses data in the form of interviews with BUMDes directors and staff, village heads, and the community. The result Legal, policy, and compliance accountability for aspects of governance is the main foundation for complying with the regulations set in BUMDes, which states that BUMDes problems in their management are required elements of prudence that prioritize transparency and accountability. Managerial Accountability that emphasis in the managerial aspect is on how to embed the institutional elements of BUMDes that are patterned on administration, reporting, and accountability. It is possible that the procedural system for managing BUMDes includes several aspects such as social for institutional strengthening, the transformation of the environment into management, and the development of BUMDes.
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Paikov, Andrei Y., and Yulia B. Samoilova. "Legal aspects of forensic medico-social expertise assignment." Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation 23, no. 2 (December 14, 2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/mser34871.

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The topic presented in the title of the article has been the matter of numerous studies. In spite of this, it remains relevant these days. This is because in practice there arise controversies related to the procedural issues of forensic medico-social expertise assignment and conducting. The authors have attempted to conduct a comprehensive study of the legal issues of the assignment and production of forensic socio-medical expertise, both in civil cases related to appeal against decisions of medico-social assessment services, and in criminal cases, in particular, with regard to fraud in receiving payments. The article analyzes the practice of appealing against decisions of medical and social assessment services. This practice reveals the lack of uniformity in the assignment of forensic medical and social expertise. Based on previous studies in this area, as well as the provisions of regulatory legal acts, the authors distinguish medico-social expertise from other types of medical and forensic examinations. Due to the limited space of the paper, not all relevant aspects on this issue are considered. The paper concentrates on the issues of determining the institution and persons who have special knowledge sufficient to produce medico-social expertise. The authors have developed recommendations on the assignment of forensic medico-social expertise, emphasizing that the production of medico-social expertise requires special knowledge and should be carried out by specialists who have received special training in the specialty of medical and social expertise. In this connection, the production of forensic medico-social expertise cannot be entrusted to forensic medical establishments and business organizations. The authors emphasize that such an expertise should be entrusted to highly qualified employees with specialized training in medical and social expertise and working for medical and social expertise services.
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Maulidi, Ach. "When and why (honest) people commit fraudulent behaviours?" Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 541–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-05-2019-0058.

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Purpose This study aims to provide theoretical and empirical insights concerning how macro-level characteristics influence micro-psychological characteristics, in perpetrating fraudulent behaviours. This is because many fraud studies have mainly been focussed on the solo psychological aspects of the offender, rather than the social environments. This study also makes clear that fraudulent behaviours are different from delinquencies. Design/methodology/approach This research is focussed on the big bureaucratic scandals, occurring in Indonesia. The authors chose Indonesia because it places one of the corrupt countries in The Association of Southeast Asian Nations countries. To achieve the goals, the authors used the ethnographic approach by conducting an exclusive interview with 30 elite executives from the Government of Indonesia. Findings This study finds a deeper understanding of the root causes of fraud committed by individuals and co-offenders, in which micro-psychological, situational, sociological and criminological aspects are linked together. Originality/value This study contains provocative findings that can stimulate a critical understanding of the psychological aetiology of an individual’s intention to perpetrate partial fraud or to co-offend.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Social aspects of Fraud"

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Rahman, Md Mizanur. "Search Rank Fraud Prevention in Online Systems." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3909.

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The survival of products in online services such as Google Play, Yelp, Facebook and Amazon, is contingent on their search rank. This, along with the social impact of such services, has also turned them into a lucrative medium for fraudulently influencing public opinion. Motivated by the need to aggressively promote products, communities that specialize in social network fraud (e.g., fake opinions and reviews, likes, followers, app installs) have emerged, to create a black market for fraudulent search optimization. Fraudulent product developers exploit these communities to hire teams of workers willing and able to commit fraud collectively, emulating realistic, spontaneous activities from unrelated people. We call this behavior “search rank fraud”. In this dissertation, we argue that fraud needs to be proactively discouraged and prevented, instead of only reactively detected and filtered. We introduce two novel approaches to discourage search rank fraud in online systems. First, we detect fraud in real-time, when it is posted, and impose resource consuming penalties on the devices that post activities. We introduce and leverage several novel concepts that include (i) stateless, verifiable computational puzzles that impose minimal performance overhead, but enable the efficient verification of their authenticity, (ii) a real-time, graph based solution to assign fraud scores to user activities, and (iii) mechanisms to dynamically adjust puzzle difficulty levels based on fraud scores and the computational capabilities of devices. In a second approach, we introduce the problem of fraud de-anonymization: reveal the crowdsourcing site accounts of the people who post large amounts of fraud, thus their bank accounts, and provide compelling evidence of fraud to the users of products that they promote. We investigate the ability of our solutions to ensure that fraud does not pay off.
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Gabarro, Céline. "L’attribution de l’aide médicale d’Etat (AME) par les agents de l’Assurance maladie : entre soupçon de fraude, figures de l’étranger et injonctions gestionnaires." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC167/document.

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Dans cette thèse nous nous intéressons à la question de l’accès aux soins des étrangers en situation irrégulière à travers l’étude de l’attribution de l’aide médicale d’Etat (AME), une couverture maladie qui leur est réservée. A partir d’une enquête ethnographique menée des deux côtés du guichet des caisses primaires d’Assurance maladie (CPAM), nous interrogeons les effets du développement d’une conception gestionnaire de la santé et des mutations du travail dans les CPAM sur l’attribution de l’AME. Nous montrons qu’une rhétorique du soupçon se développe dans cette administration, et ce plus particulièrement à l’égard des étrangers. Bien que cette rhétorique soit institutionnalisée, nous verrons qu’elle donne aussi lieu à des réappropriations individuelles, dans un contexte de forte remise en question du sens du travail et de déstabilisation des identités professionnelles. Nous verrons que si l’ensemble des agents partagent ce discours sur la lutte contre la fraude sociale, ils usent néanmoins de cette logique de diverses façons. Cette dernière peut ainsi leur permettre de valoriser un savoir-faire gestionnaire, un savoir-faire social, ou encore un savoir-faire de gardien du système. Enfin, la thèse montre que l’usage de la rhétorique du soupçon n’engendre pas forcément une lecture rigoriste de l’AME, même si cette dernière reste dominante. Elle peut au contraire, quand elle permet de mobiliser un sens social ou gestionnaire, du fait de la spécificité de l’AME et de son traitement à l’écart, s’avérer aussi faciliter l’accès aux soins des étrangers en situation irrégulière
In this dissertation, we address the issue of healthcare access for undocumented immigrants through the study of State Medical Aid (referred to as AME – Aide Médicale d’Etat) – a healthcare coverage specifically dedicated to them. Based on an ethnographic study carried out on both sides of the counter at Health Insurance Offices (referred to as CPAM - caisses primaires d’Assurance maladie), we question the impact of an increasingly managerial approach to healthcare and of CPAM occupational mutations on AME attribution. We show how a rhetoric of suspicion developed in this administration, towards foreigners in particular. Event though this rhetoric is institutionalized, we shall see how it can also be individually reappropriated, in a context where the meaning of labor is strongly called into question, and where professional identities are undermined. While all agents share a common discourse on the fight against social fraud, they nevertheless use this logic in different ways. As a result, agents may distinctively promote a managerial expertise, a social expertise, or a system gatekeeper expertise. Finally, this dissertation shows how the use of a suspicion rhetoric does not necessarily produce a rigorist reading of AME, even if the latter dominates. On the contrary, it may also call on a social or managerial perspective – given the specificity of AME and its separate processing – that may facilitate healthcare access for undocumented immigrants
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Abkoui, Meriem. "La protection du travailleur détaché dans un cadre intra-européen." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1G039.

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Le détachement dans le cadre d’une prestation de services est au cœur d’enjeux socio-économiques. La liberté de prestation de services permet aux entreprises établies dans un État membre de l’Union européenne de fournir des services dans d’autres États membres. L’opération de détachement permet à l’entreprise d’affecter ses travailleurs à la réalisation de la prestation de services. Cette opération économique présente des intérêts et des enjeux incontestables pour les travailleurs détachés, pour l’État d’envoi et l’État d’accueil. La libre prestation de services est essentielle au bon fonctionnement du marché intérieur, elle contribue indéniablement à la croissance économique. Le détachement de travailleurs pose la problématique de la protection offerte à ces travailleurs. En effet, l’opération de détachement présente des risques de concurrence entre les travailleurs, de fraude et de dumping social. La protection des travailleurs détachés prévue par la directive « détachement » présente des limites. Des dysfonctionnements majeurs ont été recensés, notamment les sources de protection, les contours de la protection, l’effectivité de la directive et les mesures de contrôle. La directive 96/71 a pour objectif principal de garantir la libre prestation de services. Elle organise le cadre légal des règles applicables au détachement de travailleur avec une dualité de règles. Ce cadre prévoit l’application des règles de l’État d’accueil avec le « noyau dur » de protection et les règles de l’État d’envoi pour les éléments hors du noyau dur. Cette dualité de règles s’est avérée insuffisante et problématique dans certaines situations. La directive « détachement » a été consolidée par la directive d’exécution qui est entrée en vigueur le 28 mai 2014 et dont la transposition a été prévue au plus tard le 18 juin 2016. Celle-ci a pour objectif de renforcer la protection du travailleur détaché, c’est une avancée majeure en matière de détachement, notamment en matière de contrôle de l’application de la directive détachement, de responsabilité du sous-traitant dans le cadre d’une prestation de services, de coopération entre les États membres. La Commission européenne a présenté, le 8 mars 2016, une proposition de directive destinée à mieux définir les conditions de mise en œuvre du détachement des travailleurs. Le détachement nous interroge sur la construction européenne. Précisément, quel avenir pour l’Europe ?
Secondment as part of the delivery of services is key to socioeconomic challenges. The freedom to provide services enables companies which are established in a Member State of the European Union to provide services to other Member States. Secondment allows companies to assign their workers to tasks involving the provision of services. This economic operation offers undisputed benefits and challenges for the seconded workers, the State sending them, and the State receiving them. Freedom to provide services is essential to the proper functioning of the internal market, and it also makes an undeniable contribution to economic growth. The secondment of workers raises the issue of how to protect these workers. Indeed it throws up the risk of competition between workers, fraud and social dumping. The protection received by seconded workers under the “secondment” directive is limited. Major dysfunctions have been identified, particularly with regards to sources of protection, the outlines of this protection, the effectiveness of the directive and the measures used to verify it. The main objective of Directive 96/71 is to guarantee the freedom to provide services. It sets out the legal framework for the rules that apply to the posting of workers with two sets of regulations. This framework enables the application of the regulations of the host State for “core” protection and the regulations of the State which receives the workers for any elements that fall outside the core. This duality of regulations has proved insufficient and problematic in some situations. The “secondment” directive was consolidated by the executive directive which came into effect on 28 May 2014 but is to be transposed by 18 June 2016 at the latest. The aim is to increase the protection of seconded workers, which is a major step forward for secondment, in particular with regard to applying the secondment directive, the responsibility of the subcontractor when providing services and cooperation between the Member States. On March 8th, 2016, the European commission presented a directive proposition aimed at defining the conditions of implementation of workers secondment in a better way. Secondment raises questions about how Europe is constructed. More specifically, what does the future look like for Europe?
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Costa, Virginia Helena Ferreira da. "Aspectos das relações interpessoais em Freud: questionamentos morais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-01122014-160434/.

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O objetivo principal da dissertação é problematizar, a partir de textos de Freud, o prolongamento de expectativas e fantasias próprias da infância em aspectos sociais e políticos da vida adulta. Para tanto, as relações interpessoais são consideradas mediante dois pontos de vista da teoria freudiana, a saber, o do desenvolvimento individual e das relações e estruturas sociais. Como pano de fundo para tal problemática, são abordadas a experiência edípica infantil e a situação de desamparo como base das repetições que perseguem o neurótico, ocasionadas por uma trajetória de vida em parte desconhecida, por determinações inconscientes e herdadas, por fantasias e expectativas projetadas na alteridade, de modo que estes fenômenos são vividos como necessários pelo ser humano. Além disso, os sentimentos de medo, angústia e culpa, além da procura por uma autoridade que forneça segurança e proteção, encontram continuidade em situações e figuras sociais e políticas, influenciando na estrutura do Estado e da sociedade de forma ampla, tal como aparece na cosmovisão religiosa. Em contraposição a este prolongamento da infância na vida adulta, questiona-se a possibilidade da clínica freudiana em se aproximar da \"cosmovisão científica\" mediante seu objetivo de problematizar tais prolongamentos e repetições ao compreender o sintoma como Nachträglichkeit e como unheimlich. Com isso, no trabalho analítico encontramos a assunção do desamparo, uma organização pulsional singular e o acolhimento de vivências contingentes sem que haja uma quebra na estrutura psíquica do indivíduo
The main objective of this dissertation is to discuss, in the Freudian theory, the prolongation of expectations and fantasies from childhood existents in social and political aspects of adult life. To do so, interpersonal relationships are considered by two points of view: the individual development and the social relations and structures. As background for such problems, the oedipal experience and the situation of helplessness are mentioned as some ways of dealing with the repetitions that persecute the neurotic, occasioned by an unknown life trajectory, by unconscious and inherited determinations, by costumes and expectations projected on the otherness: all these events are experienced as a necessity by the human being. Additionally, the feelings of fear, anguish and guilt (and also the search for an authority to provide security and protection) find continuity in social and political figures and situations, influencing the structure of the state and society as it appears in the Freud\'s \"religious world-view\". In contrast to this prolongation of childhood into adulthood, we question the possibility of Freudian clinic in approaching the \"scientific world-view\" to problematize such extensions and repetitions. Therefore, we understand the symptom as Nachträglichkeit and unheimlich, leading to an assumption of helplessness, a singular instinct\'s (Trieb) organization and reception of contingent experiences without any break in the psychic structure of the human individual
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Dan, Gorton. "Aspects of Modeling Fraud Prevention of Online Financial Services." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Transportvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-176298.

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Banking and online financial services are part of our critical infrastructure. As such, they comprise an Achilles heel in society and need to be protected accordingly. The last ten years have seen a steady shift from traditional show-off hacking towards cybercrime with great economic consequences for society. The different threats against online services are getting worse, and risk management with respect to denial-of-service attacks, phishing, and banking Trojans is now part of the agenda of most financial institutions. This trend is overseen by responsible authorities who step up their minimum requirements for risk management of financial services and, among other things, require regular risk assessment of current and emerging threats.For the financial institution, this situation creates a need to understand all parts of the incident response process of the online services, including the technology, sub-processes, and the resources working with online fraud prevention. The effectiveness of each countermeasure has traditionally been measured for one technology at a time, for example, leaving the fraud prevention manager with separate values for the effectiveness of authentication, intrusion detection, and fraud prevention. In this thesis, we address two problems with this situation. Firstly, there is a need for a tool which is able to model current countermeasures in light of emerging threats. Secondly, the development process of fraud detection is hampered by the lack of accessible data.In the main part of this thesis, we highlight the importance of looking at the “big risk picture” of the incident response process, and not just focusing on one technology at a time. In the first article, we present a tool which makes it possible to measure the effectiveness of the incident response process. We call this an incident response tree (IRT). In the second article, we present additional scenarios relevant for risk management of online financial services using IRTs. Furthermore, we introduce a complementary model which is inspired by existing models used for measuring credit risks. This enables us to compare different online services, using two measures, which we call Expected Fraud and Conditional Fraud Value at Risk. Finally, in the third article, we create a simulation tool which enables us to use scenario-specific results together with models like return of security investment, to support decisions about future security investments.In the second part of the thesis, we develop a method for producing realistic-looking data for testing fraud detection. In the fourth article, we introduce multi-agent based simulations together with social network analysis to create data which can be used to fine-tune fraud prevention, and in the fifth article, we continue this effort by adding a platform for testing fraud detection.
Finansiella nättjänster är en del av vår kritiska infrastruktur. På så vis utgör de en akilleshäl i samhället och måste skyddas på erforderligt sätt. Under de senaste tio åren har det skett en förskjutning från traditionella dataintrång för att visa upp att man kan till en it-brottslighet med stora ekonomiska konsekvenser för samhället. De olika hoten mot nättjänster har blivit värre och riskhantering med avseende på överbelastningsattacker, nätfiske och banktrojaner är nu en del av dagordningen för finansiella institutioner. Denna trend övervakas av ansvariga myndigheter som efterhand ökar sina minimikrav för riskhantering och bland annat kräver regelbunden riskbedömning av befintliga och nya hot.För den finansiella institutionen skapar denna situation ett behov av att förstå alla delar av incidenthanteringsprocessen, inklusive dess teknik, delprocesser och de resurser som kan arbeta med bedrägeribekämpning. Traditionellt har varje motåtgärds effektivitet mätts, om möjligt, för en teknik i taget, vilket leder till att ansvariga för bedrägeribekämpning får separata värden för autentisering, intrångsdetektering och bedrägeridetektering.I denna avhandling har vi fokuserat på två problem med denna situation. För det första finns det ett behov av ett verktyg som kan modellera effektiviteten för institutionens samlade motåtgärder mot bakgrund av befintliga och nya hot. För det andra saknas det tillgång till data för forskning rörande bedrägeridetektering, vilket hämmar utvecklingen inom området.I huvuddelen av avhandlingen ligger tonvikten på att studera ”hela” incidenthanteringsprocessen istället för att fokusera på en teknik i taget. I den första artikeln presenterar vi ett verktyg som gör det möjligt att mäta effektiviteten i incidenthanteringsprocessen. Vi kallar detta verktyg för ”incident response tree” (IRT) eller ”incidenthanteringsträd”. I den andra artikeln presenterar vi ett flertal scenarier som är relevanta för riskhantering av finansiella nättjänster med hjälp av IRT. Vi utvecklar också en kompletterande modell som är inspirerad av befintliga modeller för att mäta kreditrisk. Med hjälp av scenarioberoende mått för ”förväntat bedrägeri” och ”value at risk”, har vi möjlighet att jämföra risker mellan olika nättjänster. Slutligen, i den tredje artikeln, skapar vi ett agentbaserat simuleringsverktyg som gör det möjligt att använda scenariospecifika resultat tillsammans med modeller som ”avkastning på säkerhetsinvesteringar” för att stödja beslut om framtida investeringar i motåtgärder.I den andra delen av avhandlingen utvecklar vi en metod för att generera syntetiskt data för test av bedrägeridetektering. I den fjärde artikeln presenterar vi ett agentbaserat simuleringsverktyg som med hjälp av bland annat ”sociala nätverksanalyser” kan användas för att generera syntetiskt data med realistiskt utseende. I den femte artikeln fortsätter vi detta arbete genom att lägga till en plattform för testning av bedrägeridetektering.

QC 20151103

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Hon, Wai-fan, and 韓慧芬. "Fraud in clinical research: perceptions amongclinical investigators and biomedical researchers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39724414.

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Gama, Laene Pedro. "A função social e política do humor no trabalho." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2018. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/32537.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações, 2018.
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Este é um estudo teórico que tem por objeto analisar a função social e política do humor no trabalho contemporâneo. Para tal, utiliza-se do referencial teórico psicanalítico freudiano e da crítica social, subjetivação do trabalho e construtos da psicodinâmica do trabalho para analisar o trabalho na contemporaneidade. Parte-se da hipótese de que o humor nas organizações tem como principal funcionalidade revelar excessos e dogmas mantidos pelo trabalho, permite uma releitura dos mesmos, e sugere modificações no contexto de trabalho que perpassam pela crítica ao poder constituído, convidando o coletivo à criação de um novo espaço de trabalho. O método usado foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, através de busca metódica e sistematizada dos temas humor e psicanálise. Em relação às obras freudianas, além do estudo das duas obras que tratam da temática (1905 e 1927), foram acrescidos os escritos do autor elaborados no intervalo dessas obras, que remontam ao campo aqui estudado. Para esta última revisão foi utilizada a referência bibliográfica dos autores Kupermann (2003) e Slavutzky (2014) em seus livros de referência sobre o humor. Em relação ao tema trabalho, foram lidos autores especializados em sua vertente da racionalidade crítica e subjetivação do trabalho, essas pesquisas foram baseadas em literatura publicada em formas de livros, revistas especializadas, escritas ou eletrônicas, e outras fontes como congressos e seminários. A partir do presente estudo, percebe-se que o humor inaugura um novo discurso social, tendo em sua origem o desamparo. Guarda uma função social, mas persegue a política, sem a qual não se eleva. Portanto, porta a denúncia, de hipocrisias comuns a um grupo e idealizações. Desterritorializa algo previamente estabelecido por um sujeito, uma instituição ou forma de governo. Descrever o atual cenário político neoliberal, onde se assenta o discurso falicista ou gerencialista do trabalho, permite reconhecer nos elementos sociais do humor – laços identificatórios, caráter transgressor e sublimação – contribuições ao mundo laboral contemporâneo.
This is a theoretical study that has as its objective to analyze the social and political function of humor in the contemporary work. For this, it’s used the Freud’s psychoanalytical theory and the social critic reference, work subjectivation and constructs and psychodynamics of work in order to analyze the work in contemporaneity. It’s started of the hypothesis that humor in the organizations would has its main functionality to reveal the excesses and dogmas maintained by work, allows a reinterpretation of them, and suggests changes in the work context which overarch the critic to the constituted power, invites the collective to the creation of a new work space. The used method was a bibliographic, research through a methodic and systematized research of the humor and psychoanalysis themes. Relating to Freud’s works, besides the study of the two works which deal with the theme (1905 and 1927), it was added the author’s writings elaborated in the hiatus of these works, which go back to the field studied here. For this last review it was used the bibliographic reference of the authors Kupermann (2003) and Slavutzky (2014) in their reference books about humor. About the work theme, specialized authors were read in their aspects of critical rationality and subjectivation of work, these researches were based in literature published in books, electronic or written specialized magazines and other sources as conferences and seminars. From the present study, it’s noticed that humor inaugurates a new social speech, having helplessness in its origin. It keeps a social function, but chases politics, which without it, it can’t rise. Therefore, it bears the report of common hypocrisies to a group and idealizations. It dispossesses something previously established by a subject, an institution or way of government. Describing the neoliberal political scenery, where the falicist and managerial speech of work sits, allows one to recognize in the social elements of humor – identification laces, transgressor character and sublimation – contributions to the contemporary labor work.
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Björnhed, Joakim. "Using a Chatbot to Prevent Identity Fraud By Social Engineering." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-3396.

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Social engineering is a threat that is expanding and threatens organisations existence. A social engineer can get hold of crucial business information that is vital for the organisation and by this threaten the organisation. To prevent successful fraud attempts the organisations need to educate their employees about social engineering fraud techniques that can be used for gaining information. Hence, information security education needs new educational approaches to cope with the threats.

A solution to the problem is the use of an automated chatbot that gives the employees knowledge about a threat that is difficult to spot. To understand if an automated chatbot is a possible solution to educate the users, an investigation about the applicability is conducted. The investigation is based on a survey that compares traditional security education that is based on reading a written informational text and the use of an automated chatbot that simulates a fraud attempt with the purpose to steal an identity. The education with the automated chatbot is to be exposed to an identity fraud attempt in a controlled environment and then get an explanation of what have happened and way.

The automated chatbot is developed with a fraud attempt that looks like a normal market research approach, the market research where conducted with question that gather information that is important for identity thefts.

The result of the investigation shows that it may be possible to use an automated chatbot for educating in social engineering fraud attacks. However there is still a need to solve several major problems before there are possible to make sure the concept is fully feasible.

 

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Abas, Azmi Khairul Saidah. "Public procurement fraud in Malaysia : a political economy approach." Thesis, University of Essex, 2016. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/17883/.

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This study investigates the practice of public procurement fraud in Malaysia. The aim of this research is to understand the nature and extent of the persistence of procurement fraud in the Malaysian public sector. Fraud in public procurement results in large losses of public funds which are needed by the government for delivering public services in order to build public infrastructure and facilities for healthcare and education, poverty eradication, security, defense and economic growth. A primarily qualitative methodology is employed in this study using the political economy approach in order to understand this social phenomenon. First, documentary analysis helps identifying some possible factors for the existence of fraud in public procurement in Malaysia. Then, qualitative data from semi-structured interviews are obtained using the Snowball Sampling Method (SSM). The interviews with 40 stakeholders (regulators, professionals, politicians, academics and media actors) reveal their „hidden‟ voices so as to understand public procurement fraud in Malaysia. Nevertheless, this study does not aim to make generalizations and reach concrete conclusions about this issue, but instead seeks to understand why public procurement fraud persists in Malaysia through an analysis of the subjective narratives of the stakeholders. This research identifies several possible factors explaining why fraud in Malaysian public procurement continues to exist: (1) the prevailing power of political and economic forces, (2) complexities in the check and balance system, (3) deficiencies in procurement practices, (4) constraints on the civil servants, and (5) characteristics of the Malaysian society. The findings contribute to the body of knowledge by focusing on an unexplored area of the institutional arrangements between the state and businesses in Malaysia. The institutional arrangements between state and private sector appear to be legitimate, but they have the potential to conceal fraudulent practices, thus making fraud possible. Given the sensitive nature of the subject matter of this research and the fact that fraud by its nature is often concealed, it is possible that the findings have only revealed the „tip of the iceberg‟ of public procurement fraud in Malaysia.
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Göransson, Annie. "Electronic Identification as an Enabling or Obstructive force : The general public’s use and reflections on the Swedish e-ID." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-77052.

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This thesis is an exploration of the general public's use and reflections on electronic identification (e-ID) tokens, in Sweden. Based on the researcher’s own experiences, the aim was to understand how the current e-ID scheme was enabling or obstructing the interaction with public agencies, etcetera. The thesis has a qualitative research design and is situated within the interpretivist paradigm. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews and the analysis of three documents, published by three different public agencies in Sweden. The data was analyzed through the vehicle of thematic analysis, which engendered four themes. These were 1. e-ID definitions, 2. the personal identity number as enabler and obstruction, 3. banks as the major e-ID issuer in Sweden and 4. security, skepticism and trust. The findings indicated that the e-ID was associated with convenience and security risks, which were brought up by the interviewees as well as the analyzed public reports. Furthermore, one of the public reports argued that the e-ID should be separated from the notion of having authority, through re- baptizing the Swedish term for e-ID, in Swedish 'e-legitimation' to electronic identity document ('elektronisk identitetshandling' in Swedish).
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Books on the topic "Social aspects of Fraud"

1

Park, Robert L. Voodoo science: The road from foolishness to fraud. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

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Park, Robert L. Voodoo science: The road from foolishness to fraud. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

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Hecker, Manfred. Psychosoziale Strukturelemente der Subkultur des Betrügers in kriminologischer Sicht. [West Germany: s.n., 1986.

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Past imperfect: Facts, fictions, and fraud in the writing of American history. New York: PublicAffairs, 2004.

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Freudian Fraud: The Malignant Effect of Freud’s Theory on American Thought and Culture. New York, USA: HarperCollins, 1992.

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Grinnell, Frederick. The scientific attitude. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press, 1992.

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Grinnell, Frederick. The scientific attitude. Boulder: Westview Press, 1987.

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Kodas, Michael. High crimes: How a mountain of money draws thievery, extortion, fraud, and death to the top of the world. New York: Hyperion, 2008.

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Verheul, J. M. Fraude en misbruik in de sociale zekerheid: Aspecten van strafrechtelijke handhaving. Deventer: Kluwer, 1989.

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Historians in trouble: Plagiarism, fraud, and politics in the ivory tower. New York: New Press, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Social aspects of Fraud"

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Gottschalk, Petter, and Lars Gunnesdal. "Social Security Fraud." In White-Collar Crime in the Shadow Economy, 73–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75292-1_8.

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Helenport, Alexandre, and Bobby L. Tait. "Aspects of Voice Communications Fraud." In Global Security, Safety and Sustainability - The Security Challenges of the Connected World, 69–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51064-4_6.

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Mitchard, Paul. "Legal aspects of financial fraud." In Financial Markets Regulation, 155–70. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25867-3_12.

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Levi, Michael. "Regulating Fraud Revisited." In Invisible Crimes and Social Harms, 221–43. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347824_12.

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Mojtahed, Vahid. "Big Data for Fraud Detection." In Computational Social Sciences, 177–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22605-3_11.

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Kelly, William, Krishna Reddy, Gord Lovegrove, Stephen Fisher, Lionel Lemay, Cliff Davidson, and Bruce McDowell. "Social Aspects." In Engineering for Sustainable Communities, 99–112. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784414811.ch09.

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Okike, Elewechi. "Financial Reporting and Fraud." In Theory and Practice of Corporate Social Responsibility, 229–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16461-3_14.

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Moreira, Nuno, and Branco Manuel Castelo. "Fraud Prevention, Detection, and Reporting." In Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility, 1161–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28036-8_317.

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Paris, W. D. "Medico-social Aspects." In The Transplantation and Replacement of Thoracic Organs, 223–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0711-9_26.

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Smith, Robert B. "Will Claims Workers Dislike a Fraud Detector?" In Multilevel Modeling of Social Problems, 225–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9855-9_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Social aspects of Fraud"

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Ali, Mohammed Aamir, Thomas Groß, and Aad van Moorsel. "Investigation of 3-D secure's model for fraud detection." In STAST 2018: 8th International Workshop on Socio-Technical Aspects in Security and Trust. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3361331.3361334.

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Jansen, Jurjen, and Rutger Leukfeldt. "How people help fraudsters steal their money: an analysis of 600 online banking fraud cases." In 2015 Workshop on Socio-Technical Aspects in Security and Trust (STAST). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/stast.2015.12.

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Kawase, Ricardo, Francesca Diana, Mateusz Czeladka, Markus Schüler, and Manuela Faust. "Internet Fraud." In HT '19: 30th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3342220.3343651.

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Diaz-Granados, Manuel, Javier Diaz-Montes, and Manish Parashar. "Investigating insurance fraud using social media." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.2015.7363893.

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Flowerastia, Regina Dori, Estralita Trisnawati, and Herlina Budiono. "Fraud Awareness, Internal Control, and Corporate Governance on Fraud Prevention and Detection." In International Conference on Economics, Business, Social, and Humanities (ICEBSH 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210805.038.

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Kostić, Jelena, and Sanja Jelisavac Trošić. "DIGITAL FORENSIC PROCEDURES OF EUROPEAN ANTI-FRAUD OFFICE AND PROTECTION OF PERSONAL DATA." In PROCEDURAL ASPECTS OF EU LAW. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/6520.

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Arum, Enggar Diah Puspa, and Diza Armalia Wisdianti. "Fraud Disclosure: Determinants and Implication." In Unimed International Conference on Economics Education and Social Science. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009500510011005.

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Sylla, Yaya, and Pierre Morizet-Mahoudeaux. "Fraud Detection on Large Scale Social Networks." In 2013 IEEE International Congress on Big Data (BigData Congress). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.congress.2013.62.

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Matti, Timothy, Yuntao Zhu, and Kuai Xu. "Financial fraud detection using social media crowdsourcing." In 2014 IEEE International Performance Computing and Communications Conference (IPCCC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pccc.2014.7017023.

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Ying, Xiaowei, Xintao Wu, and Daniel Barbara. "Spectrum based fraud detection in social networks." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icde.2011.5767910.

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Reports on the topic "Social aspects of Fraud"

1

Luchner, Sarah, Kristen Johnson, Alicia Lindauer, Taryn McKinnon, and Max Broad. Social Aspects of Bioenergy Sustainability Workshop Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1220047.

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SVIRIDOV, V. I., and A. A. KOLCOV. SOCIAL AND ECONOMICAL ASPECTS OF RURAL AREAS’ DEVELOPMENT. ФГБОУ ВО Курская ГСХА, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/issn1997-0749.2019-04-14.

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Dutra, Lauren M., Matthew C. Farrelly, Brian Bradfield, Jamie Ridenhour, and Jamie Guillory. Modeling the Probability of Fraud in Social Media in a National Cannabis Survey. RTI Press, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.mr.0046.2109.

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Cannabis legalization has spread rapidly in the United States. Although national surveys provide robust information on the prevalence of cannabis use, cannabis disorders, and related outcomes, information on knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KABs) about cannabis is lacking. To inform the relationship between cannabis legalization and cannabis-related KABs, RTI International launched the National Cannabis Climate Survey (NCCS) in 2016. The survey sampled US residents 18 years or older via mail (n = 2,102), mail-to-web (n = 1,046), and two social media data collections (n = 11,957). This report outlines two techniques that we used to problem-solve several challenges with the resulting data: (1) developing a model for detecting fraudulent cases in social media completes after standard fraud detection measures were insufficient and (2) designing a weighting scheme to pool multiple probability and nonprobability samples. We also describe our approach for validating the pooled dataset. The fraud prevention and detection processes, predictive model of fraud, and the methods used to weight the probability and nonprobability samples can be applied to current and future complex data collections and analysis of existing datasets.
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Hingley, Sally. Psycho-social Aspects of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia in Children. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1616.

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Zankovskij, S. S. Legal aspects of the conceptual model of social entrepreneurship. Ljournal, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/2278-2354-2020-89367.

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Paquet, Paul. Temporal and phenomenological aspects of social behavior in captive wolves (Canis lupus L.). Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.3213.

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Chavez, Deborah J. Proceedings of the Symposium on Social Aspects and Recreation Research, February 19-22, 1992, Ontario, California. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-gtr-132.

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McSweeney, Alice M., and Carol Raish. Social, cultural, and economic aspects of livestock ranching on the Santa Fe and Carson National Forests. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-276.

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Chavez, Deborah J. Proceedings of the second symposium on social aspects and recreation research, February 23-25, 1994, San Diego, California. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-gtr-156.

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Lennon, Sharron J. Using Qualtrics Web-based Research Survey Software for Undergraduate Research Projects in a Social-psychological Aspects of Clothing Course with Millenials. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-808.

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