Relevant bibliographies by topics / Social and economic background

Academic literature on the topic 'Social and economic background'

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Published: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Social and economic background"

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International Monetary Fund. "Rwanda: Social and Economic Background Paper, and Statistical Appendix." IMF Staff Country Reports 95, no. 109 (1995): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451833201.002.

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Wong, May-Kuen, and Fuk-Tan Tang. "Investigation of Vaccination and Social Economic Background in Poliomyelitis." Rehabilitation Practice and Science 15, no. 1 (December 1, 1987): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.6315/jrma.198712.00013.

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ÖZBOLAT, Abdullah. "FAMILY STRUCTURE AND SOCIAL MOBILITY: From Socio-Economic Background to Social Networks." Journal of Academic Social Science Studies Volume 5 Issue 6, no. 5 (2012): 359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/jasss_293.

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Lozina, Olga, and Leonid Tutov. "Methodological background of human model in modern economy." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2020, no. 5 (October 30, 2020): 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105202052.

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Human behavior in the face of new challenges of changing economic reality is of interest not only to Economics, but also to other social Sciences. In this regard, the question of creating a universal human model as a tool for interpreting and predicting behavior remains open. The article analyzes the formation of human model in the economy comparing neoclassical and alternative approaches. The purpose of the work is to identify the possibilities of methodological development of the model not only as a tool for analyzing economic phenomena and processes, but also as an independent object of knowledge. The results of the study show that drawing on the interdisciplinary approach of new institutional Economics, behavioral Economics, and social Sciences, you may perform a more profound study of behavioral assumptions, including an appeal to the motivational component of behavior, which expands the explanatory power of the model. The findings can be used both for promising theoretical and methodological approaches to the analysis of an individual as an economic entity, and for solving practical problems.
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Navalna, Maryna, and Ruslana Tymchenko. "Differential signs of social and economic vocabulary against the background of social dynamics." University Economic Bulletin, no. 44 (February 12, 2020): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2020-44-73-80.

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The subject of research is semantic processes in the vocabulary of socio-economic sphere. Objective of research. Analyzes the verbal vocabulary for denoting social-economic concepts and identifies the potential of these linguistic items. Methodological basis of research. In the research, the descriptive-analytical method was used for comprehensive study and description of vocabulary. For the systematization and classification of lexical items, interpretation of their functional features, the methods of linguistic observation and generalization were used; to determine the origin and the original meaning of lexical items – the elements of etymological analysis were used. The comparative method was used to compare the features of semantics, structure, origin and usage of linguistic items of the analyzed field. Results of research. The article analyzes the social-political vocabulary based on differential signs, it characterizes the verbal vocabulary for denoting social-economic concepts and identifies the potential of these linguistic items. Selected a few layers of vocabulary in different spheres of use, defined stylistic role of the term for economic concepts and processes, factors that new lexico-semantic displays have defined are characterized, their stylistic role is defined. The field of application of results. The results of the study can be used in teaching activities in the course «Scientific and technical terminology». Conclusions. Socio-economic vocabulary is a sufficiently broad group of verbs that denote different processes, actions and sometimes states. These lexical items really show what is happening in society in the economic sector. The article concludes that the selected thematic groups of verbs are not closed, they are open both for replenishment by new lexical items and verbs of other lexical-semantic groups.
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Nusupova, Saikal, and Cholponbai Nusupov. "PHILOSOPHY OF GENDER: ECONOMIC BACKGROUND GENDER RELATIONS." Alatoo Academic Studies 22, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 336–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17015/aas.2022.222.43.

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This paper examines the problems of gender relations, viewed through the prism of economic factors that determine the social status and role of women in various areas of labor organization. Moreover, a philosophical and economic analysis of the correlation of gender and gender differences in society is given, the position on the fallacy found in the scientific literature, the definition of professions classified as “female”, is substantiated while replacing gender aspects with proper sexual ones, associated with the moral characteristics of the female sex. The objective dependence of gender principles on economic causes and political processes, determined by such factors as what form of ownership and what socio- political system exists in a particular historical society, is revealed. Thus, in particular, it highlights how the institution of private property has a direct impact on the content and direction of gender relations, viewed through the prism of social activity and the orientation of their subjects.
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Bager, G., R. Paiman, and C. Odorige. "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL BACKGROUND." Actual Problems of International Relations, no. 129 (2016): 90–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2016.129.0.90-113.

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This is a comparative study of three countries, “Hungary, Nigeria and Iraq”. These countries belong to three different continents, Hungary-Central Europe, Nigeria-Africa, Iraq-the Middle East. Sustainable Development means different concerns to each of these countries. The paradigm of SD includes Economic, Social and Environmental responsibilities. Economic growth is the primary policy objective for most countries where environment and social paradox of the equation is relatively low. In this study, the researchers analyse the three country’s situation in relation to Global Sustainable Development Goals. The approach of each country in realising these goals will be highlighted and a comparative link designed to find out differences and similarities in their approaches. Overall objectives of the Sustainable Development is to focus on the three dimensions equally, “economics, social and Environmental (Figure 1). Unfortunately many developing countries are incapable or lack the political will to tackle all three at the same time. The second part of this study will focus on the role of the three governments in meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), and the challenges to growth and sustainability will be highlighted. The overall objective of this comparative study is to find out the role of governments and their efforts at reaching sustainable development goals.
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Savytska, Olga, Оksana Кrizhantovskaya, Maria Bielikova, and Dіana Prisekorian. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUND OF FORMING RESORTS." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 76 (March 1, 2021): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2021.76.261-270.

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The article addresses key issues aimed at identifying factors affecting the development of resorts and ensuring the sustainable socio-economic development of public policy in the field of spa activities. The formation and development of any resort areas are largely determined by the quality and variety of recreational resources and services. Recreational resources, on the one hand, act as the main material basis of the recreational sphere, and on the other hand, they directly and directly affect the development of recreational infrastructure. The analysis of world and domestic experience showed that at the moment there is an urgent need to implement a set of measures aimed at preserving, developing the potential of the resort sector and the formation of a modern resort complex. Which is able to solve both medical and social problems, as well as providing affordable sanatorium-resort treatment, and the economic problems of forming the sphere of resort business.In Ukraine, the goals of the spa complex is to focus on the further restoration and development of the spa industry enterprises. The adaptation of the sanatorium complex to world standards is on the path to developing new types and forms of recreational services, organizing new types of leisure centers, expanding treatment services and organizing conference services.
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Чеботаренко, Елена, and Elena Chebotarenko. "Institutional Background of Social Market Economy." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 2018, no. 4 (January 14, 2019): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2018-4-164-169.

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The quality of life of people and the degree of focus of market economy on the interests of people depend to a great extent on the structure of public institutes, which include formal and informal norms, rules and the organizations that support them. To develop these norms and rules, it is necessary to rely not only on rational considering and calculation of the interacting parties, but also on habits, customs, and traditions. The universal nature of functions of public institutes always acts in the specific ethical cover that reflects the culture of people, their idea of the social justice focused on three fundamental values: equal opportunities, overcoming excess inequalities, and providing honest rules of the game. The institutionalization process includes stages connected with understanding and acceptance by the majority of the principles of socially oriented economy, development of the particular rules, and mechanisms supporting them. Some institutes perform functions of control over the flaws of the market mechanism, others are aimed at alignment of excess social and economic inequalities and ensuring the compensating advantages to everyone.
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He, Xue-qiu, and Song Li. "On Social-technical Control of Safety Development in Economic Transition Background." Frontiers of Engineering Management 2, no. 3 (2015): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.15302/j-fem-2015025.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Social and economic background"

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Huang, Lihong. "Elitism and Equality in Chinese Higher Education : Studies of Student Socio-economic Background, Investment in Education, and Career Aspirations." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Institute of International Education [Institutionen för internationell pedagogik], Stockholms University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-548.

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Mangels, Nancie J. Anderson James F. "Differences in the background characteristics of black and white male state prison inmates in Alabama and the influence of social, political, and economic factors." Diss., UMK access, 2005.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Sociology/Criminal Justice & Criminology. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2005.
"A dissertation in sociology and social science." Advisor: James F. Anderson. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed June 26, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 196-208). Online version of the print edition.
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Kroon, Clara, and Almin Skoric. "Så ger vi (inte) alla samma möjligheter : En studie om integrering av elever med annan etnisk bakgrund och socioekonomiskt svag bakgrund." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-95832.

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Denna studie bygger på intervjuer med lärare och undersöker hur lärarna arbetar med integrering av elever med annan etnisk bakgrund och socioekonomiskt svag bakgrund. Studien eftersöker lärarnas kopplingar mellan elevers etniska bakgrund, socioekonomiska bakgrund och skolresultat samt analyserar hur lärarnas arbetsmetoder, uppfattningar och tankar skiljer sig åt baserat på var skolan de är verksamma på är belägen utifrån en socioekonomisk områdesindelning. Resultatet visar på att enligt lärarna har skolorna inte några skrivna riktlinjer för integreringsarbete och integreringsarbeten genomförs och tolkas olika av lärarna vilket verkar ha ett samband till hur skolans upptagningsområde ser ut. Den påverkansfaktor som lärarna anser vara den största utmaningen i integreringsarbete samt i försök att förklara det rådande studiegapet mellan elever med annan etnisk bakgrund och elever med svensk bakgrund antas vara bristande språkförmåga. Den främsta möjligheten anser de vara de positiva vinningarna som kommer från att elever har olika bakgrunder. Gällande vårdnadshavare framför lärarna att vårdnadshavares bakgrund påverkar både samverkan mellan skolan och hemmet och elevens skolresultat. Hälften av lärarna tror att det finns skillnader i krav och förväntningar på elever utifrån etnisk- och socioekonomisk bakgrund. Diskussioner som berör etnisk- och socioekonomisk bakgrund anser lärarna inte vara känsliga.
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Olandersson, Josefine, and Lina Gustafsson. "“I want them to be better than me” : Parents from different socio-economic backgrounds reflect on their children’s schooling and education in Mexico City." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Globala studier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40779.

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Academics within the field of education have produced extensive research. The purpose of previous studies has often been to explain the underlying causes, with a generalizing result, to how education operate within a nation. To contribute with an urban perspective, this studies aim is to research how parents from different socio-economic backgrounds in Mexico City are reasoning about their children’s schooling and education. What individual choices they have made and how the social context has impacted on these choices. The respondents were selected through a snowball selection using interviews with semistructured questions for data collection. The material was coded into two themes, individual level and societal level. The respondents with wealthier and poorer socioeconomic background were analysed separately and then compared and summarised. The theoretical framework is a combination of the human capability approach together with the findings in previous research. A finding in the research is that education is perceived differently depending on the socio-economic background. The respondents with wealthier socio-economic background are referring to the future work career and economic security as benefits for their children. The respondents with poorer socio-economic background are mentioning the opportunity to change their lives and “to not become like them”. Despite the different benefits mentioned, all respondents’ value education as the most important investment in life for their children. The conclusion drawn from the study is, that no matter what their socio-economic background is education a high priority.
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Versino, P. "FAMILY BACKGROUND AND EDUCATIONAL AMBITIONS OF SECOND GENERATION CHILDREN IN EUROPE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/477437.

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The literature shows that family background only partially accounts for the association between minority status and educational outcomes. In particular, when compared to same-background native peers, the children of foreign-born parents and especially those from lower backgrounds often display higher educational ambitions, even in spite of low school performances. My first step is to analyse the occurrence of these phenomena using different datasets from national and international European surveys. A currently under-explored path of research identifies the main reason behind these paradoxes with the fact that the definition of socioeconomic background may be different for immigrants, so that the same mechanisms identified in the general population are still in place, but with a different point of reference. Following this path, I propose an operationalization of family background that is more appropriate to the peculiar experience of migration and includes the immigrants' subjective social status, a new component based on the relative value of their education. My second step of analysis is the actual test of the association of this new measure with the university ambitions of second generation students and their parents, in the same datasets where the phenomena of interest were investigated. Finally, I discuss the results.
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Gustafsson, Charlie. "Kan socioekonomisk bakgrund och motivationstyp fungera som vägvisare för läraren i ämnet idrott och hälsa? : Can socio-economic background and type of motivation serve as a guide for the teacher in the subject of physical education?" Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-82601.

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A class where everyone is motivated to participate during the lesson of physical education is something unique and rare. Motivation is a huge part of the observation for a PE teacher when they grade students, especially in sports and health classes. The self-determination theory is a perspective of motivation that has indicated efficient work around the students to find the internal motivation for physical education. In this study I have been focusing on the different types of motivations that make the students encouraged and enthusiastic, more so, I have been studying to see if there is some sort of connection between the motivation and socioeconomic opportunity for every student and how that affects their performance in physical education classes. Since the trend is showing a decreased active lifestyle of a teenager during their leisure I also chose to concentrate on each student's intention with physical activity beyond high school. My research method was a questionnaire where I asked a couple of questions to 89 students of high school age to be able to get enough quantity and make some conclusions. The results indicated that introjected motivation was the most common reason students attend physical education classes, however, internal motivation seems to be another big reason. While I was doing the research and questionnaire I was also able to divide it into a different type of economic standings, and then relate it to how they were motivated and see if it differed in the socioeconomic. Moreover, how it fluctuated by different motivation types based on the self-determination theory. In conclusion from my research and survey, there was a small difference between the motivation in the economic statuses, the group with low status was the one with higher self-determination motivation. In general, students seem to have intentions to be very active and stay active after high school. The external motivation also seems to play a huge part as well, it is considered to be a more controlled motivation than what Ryan and Deci (2000) consider auspicious. My research can be used until a certain point by PE teachers to see what types of motivation that motivates their students, however, the study does not show that the student’s reason to participate differs by socioeconomics.
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Jansson, David. "Do I Teach What I Preach? A study on teachers’ beliefs and classroom practise for reading and reading strategies." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33552.

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To operate in our modern society an individual need to possess a well-rounded reading ability, and to know of and use reading strategies is crucial for learners to develop this ability. The present study sets out to explore the beliefs of Swedish English teachers regarding the significance of reading and reading strategies. Furthermore, the study aims to investigate to what extent their classroom practice of teaching explicit reading strategies instructions is consistent with their beliefs. In this qualitative study, four 7-9 English teachers and two student groups participated. These come from two Swedish schools with different social-economic backgrounds. The data was collected by conducting content analysis of the teachers' lesson plans and conducting semi-structured interviews with both the teachers and students. The results show that the teachers express positive attitude to reading and reading strategies as they believe that these constitute essential elements in the communicative classroom. However, the results also indicate that the teachers’ actual classroom practice for reading strategies is not always consistent with their beliefs: for example, despite all teachers being positive to reading and reading strategies’ instruction, only the teachers from the school with lower social-economic background provide reading strategies’ instruction explicitly. Further, the results indicate that factors such as the teachers’ theoretical conceptions, time contraints, student composition and proficiency level, the school’s socio-economic background are the reasons for the teachers including explicit reading strategies’ instruction in their repertoire.
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Harris, Joanne. "Improving participation in higher education for young people from low socio-economic backgrounds: Changing beliefs about higher education." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8651.

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After decades of initiatives aimed at addressing inequitable rates of participation in higher education, people from low socio-economic backgrounds remain under-represented. A growing body of work suggests that family attitudes are the dominant influence on young people’s academic success and aspirations for higher education. This research asks whether it is possible to intervene in the construction of young people’s aspirations. Specifically, it evaluates the impact of an intervention program on young people’s knowledge of, beliefs about and aspirations for higher education. Drawing on theories of social and cultural capital, this study posits two central propositions. First, that a young person’s bonding social capital plays a significant role in shaping their embodied cultural capital; and second, that it is possible to intervene in the process of the accumulation of bridging social capital and embodied cultural capital and to raise aspirations. Through in-depth interviews with university students and school students from Years 8 to 12 (n = 19), and a pre- and post-intervention survey of Year 8 to Year 10 school students (n = 94), the research explores young people’s pre-existing knowledge of, beliefs about and aspirations for university, and identifies the key influences thereon. It then evaluates the impact of the intervention on participants’ habitus. While bonding social capital emerges as the key influence on the construction of a young person’s habitus, the intervention demonstrably altered this habitus and raised expectations. The causes of these phenomena were multiple and interconnected, with interaction with academically successful role models, access to accurate information and experience of university life all having an encouraging effect. Based on these findings, the thesis presents a model for intervention programs comprising (a) ongoing partnerships between universities and school/s; (b) early intervention; (c) accurate information; (d) interaction with university students; and (e) experience of university life. Finally, the study outlines the implications of the research findings for student equity in higher education at the levels of research, policy and practice.
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Merry, William. "Comparison of social-economic backgrounds of vocational students taking automobile mechanics II in the French and English sector on the Island of Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64081.

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Ip, Patrick, and 葉柏強. "The early development of children from different socioeconomic backgrounds: do our children need earlyintervention?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48423506.

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Background Child development is adversely affected by the socioeconomic status of the family and community. In view of the increasing socioeconomic disparity in Hong Kong in the past decade, this proposed study aims at investigating the existence, magnitude, pattern and manifestations of socioeconomic gradients in school readiness of preschool children, as well as interpreting how these are shaped and mediated through families, institutions and the wider communities. Objectives 1) To adapt and validate the Chinese Early Development Instrument (CEDI); 2) To investigate the socioeconomic gradients in school readiness of preschool children in relation to family SES, contextual effect, and family processes. Methods This study employs a cross-sectional research design comprising two stages. Stage one was a stand-alone pilot study to translate and validate the Chinese version of Early Development Instrument (CEDI). A total of 167 K3 children (4 kindergartens) from Hong Kong Island (HKI, the affluent district) and Yuen Long (YL, the disadvantaged district) were recruited. Stage two was the main study to examine socioeconomic gradients in school readiness. 567 K3 children of 21 kindergartens from YL and HKI were recruited. Four hypotheses regarding socio-economic gradients in terms of existence, magnitude, pattern, and mediating mechanism were tested using two-level linear models. Results CEDI showed adequate internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha ranging from .70 to .95. The concurrent validity of CEDI was established using The Pearson correlations between CEDI and Hong Kong Early Child Development Scale (HKECDS), locally developed direct assessment, ranged from .39 to .66 with statistical significance (p<.05). The test-retest reliability of CEDI was analyzed, and the kappa coefficient was .89, demonstrating a good stability of CEDI. In the main study, children from YL have a significantly lower total CEDI domain score of emotional maturity (p= .025) and language and cognitive development (p= .01) than their counterparts from HKI. Girls scored significant higher on the total CEDI scores (mean= 44.5, sd= 4.80) than their male counterparts (mean=42.52, sd=6.10), and significantly less proportion of girls than boys were classified as developmentally vulnerable in at least one CEDI domains (26.0% girls vs. 35.8% boys, p=0.12). Hypothesis testing regarding existence of socioeconomic gradient by multi-level modeling suggested a significant association between the overall developmental outcomes of children and family SES index. Testing of kindergarten’s contextual effect showed that kindergarten level variables (annual school fees, teacher education background and working experience) accounted for significant proportion of variance in the total CEDI score. Additionally, our results supported the mediating effect of family processes (i.e., frequency of parent-child interactions and management of child digital use at home) in explaining socioeconomic gradients in child developmental outcomes. Conclusions CEDI is a psychometric sound measurement tool for early child development and assessing school readiness in Chinese society. Using CEDI, the evidence gathered from the main study demonstrated the existence of socioeconomic gradient with a significant association between the developmental outcomes of children and family SES, and highlighted the mediating effects from kindergarten and family levels, which are potentially modifiable to bridge the gap between the rich and poor.
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Books on the topic "Social and economic background"

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Foundation, Guatemalan Development, Cámara Empresarial de Guatemala, and Guatemala. Embajada (U.S.), eds. Guatemala: Social and economic background. Guatemala, Guatemala: Cámara Empresarial de Guatemala, 1989.

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Joy, Wall, and Higher Education Authority, eds. Social background of higher education entrants. Dublin: Higher Education Authority, 2000.

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Samuel, Bowles, Gintis Herbert, and Osborne Groves Melissa, eds. Unequal chances: Family background and economic success. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005.

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Botes, Lucius J. S. Background document on socio-economic development: South Africa. [South Africa]: Centre for Development Support, University of the Free State, 2005.

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President, Mexico Office of the Press Secretary to the. Mexican agenda: Background information on Mexico. Mexico: Office of the Press Secretary to the President, 1990.

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Regional Agenda Project (Ill.) and Regional Partnership (Ill ), eds. The State of the region: Background papers. [Champaign, IL]: Stipes, 1988.

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Hewitt, Adrian. Economic reform in Sub-Saharan Africa: Background to Africa's current economic, [social, and political situation]. Tokyo: Advanced Development Management Program, Institute of Comparative Culture, Sophia University, 1994.

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Canada, Economic Council of. The influence of socioeconomic background on education. [Ottawa]: Economic Council of Canada, 1992.

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Khan, M. Z. Scheduled castes: Their socio-economic background and development aspirations. New Delhi: Inter-India Publications, 1996.

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Krawetz, Natalia M. A framework for effective monitoring: A background paper. [Ottawa]: The Council, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Social and economic background"

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Inbar, Moshe, and Dan Malkinson. "Social and Economic Background." In Lake Kinneret, 535–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8944-8_30.

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Tampke, Jürgen. "Social and Economic Background." In The Ruhr and Revolution, 3–18. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003248163-2.

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Tachibanaki, Toshiaki, and Tomohiko Noda. "Unions and Social-Economic Background." In The Economic Effects of Trade Unions in Japan, 13–39. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333983805_2.

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Andreß, Hans-Jürgen, Katrin Golsch, and Alexander W. Schmidt. "Useful Background Information." In Applied Panel Data Analysis for Economic and Social Surveys, 293–312. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32914-2_7.

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Mossig, Ivo, and Michael Lischka. "Globalisation, Economic Interdependencies and Economic Crises." In International Impacts on Social Policy, 289–304. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86645-7_23.

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AbstractSince the early 1990s, globalisation has become a core subject of social science research. By analysing long-term data on trade, economic growth and foreign direct investments (FDI), we identify three different waves of economic globalisation separated by episodes of deep economic crises like the Great Depression. We discuss the causes and specific manifestations of economic globalisation and economic crises in each phase and briefly outline their impact on the dynamics of social policy. This introduction to Part III “Globalization, Economic Interdependencies and Economic Crises” thus represents the background for the following eight chapters examining key aspects of the effects of global economic developments on the introduction and design of social policies.
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Ikemoto, Yukio, and Noriatsu Matsui. "Solidarity and Social Business: Theoretical Background." In Solidarity Economy and Social Business, 1–11. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55471-4_1.

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Mooyaart, Jarl. "The Persistent Influence of Socio-Economic Background on Family Formation Pathways and Disadvantage in Young Adulthood." In Social Background and the Demographic Life Course: Cross-National Comparisons, 61–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67345-1_4.

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AbstractThis chapter focuses on the linkages between socio-economic background, family formation and economic (dis)advantage and reveals to what extent the influence of parental education on family formation persists over time, i.e. across birth cohorts. The second part of this chapter examines to what extent the influence of socio-economic background persists over the life-course. This part covers: (1) the influence of parental education on union formation over the life-course, and (2) the influence of socio-economic background on income trajectories in young adulthood, after adjusting for the career and family pathways that young adults followed during the transition to adulthood, thereby examining the influence of socio-economic background on income beyond the first stage of young adulthood. This chapter reveals two key insights on the linkages between socio-economic background, family formation and (dis)advantage: (1) Whereas union and family formation patterns have changed across birth cohorts, socio-economic background continues to stratify union and family formation pathways; (2) Although the influence of socio-economic background on family formation and young adults’ economic position decreases throughout young adulthood, socio-economic background continues to have an impact in young adulthood.
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Fink, Gerhard. "Background and Prospects of Economic Reforms in Eastern Europe and the USSR." In Economic Theory, Political Power and Social Justice, 393–405. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8896-5_21.

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Brons, M. D. (Anne). "Cross-National Variation in the Link Between Parental Socio-Economic Status and Union Formation and Dissolution Processes." In Social Background and the Demographic Life Course: Cross-National Comparisons, 17–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67345-1_2.

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AbstractThe main objective of this chapter is to understand the link between parental socio-economic status (SES) and union formation and dissolution processes from a cross-national comparative perspective. According to the Second Demographic Transition (SDT) theory, it can be expected that the impact of parental background on these union dynamics differs across societal contexts. Integrated results from prior studies using meta-analytical tools indicate that in many European countries, young adults from advantaged backgrounds delay their first co-residential union and have a higher risk to dissolve their union compared to young adults from disadvantaged backgrounds. The strength of this link between parental SES and union dynamics varies across countries. There is suggestive evidence that the link between parental SES and union dynamics is weakest in North-Western European countries that are most advanced in the SDT. However, next to these SDT-related indicators that focus more on cultural change, institutional country-level indicators, like the extent of educational expansion, and economic country-level indicators, such as the level of economic uncertainty, might also play a role.
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Mansergh, Nicholas. "The Political, Economic and Social Background to the Sinn FÉin Revolution." In The Irish Question 1840-1921, 243–66. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003326229-10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Social and economic background"

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Kizil, E. V., and A. A. Lyubimova. "Development Potential as an Economic Background for Regulation of Regional Economic and Social Processes." In International Scientific Conference "Far East Con" (ISCFEC 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200312.144.

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"Analysis of Xi'an Cultural Tourism Resources under the Background of Silk Road Economic Belt." In 2020 International Conference on Social Sciences and Social Phenomena. Scholar Publishing Group, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38007/proceedings.0001177.

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Rudanovskaya, Svetlana. "Ideological Background of Intercultural Dialogue in Social Anthropology." In 4th International Conference on Culture, Education and Economic Development of Modern Society (ICCESE 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200316.135.

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Stepanova, Liudmila. "Business, Authority, Society: Background And Benefits Of Social Partnership." In International Conference on Economic and Social Trends for Sustainability of Modern Society. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.10.03.191.

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Deina, Tatyana. "Unemployment as a social problem." In Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare: Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.024.

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Background: The article examines the problem of unemployment in Ukraine. It was determined that the Russian-Ukrainian war changed the focus of social problems. The impact of various types of unemployment on the country's economy is analyzed. Ways to reduce the level of unemployment are proposed and prospects for further scientific research are outlined Key words: unemployment in Ukraine, population employment, impact of the Russian- Ukrainian war, frictional unemployment, economic situation.
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Červena, Karolína, and Anna Románová. "Economic-Political Causes of Tax Evasion (Theoretical Background)." In XVI International Scientific Conference "The Optimization of Organization and Legal Solutions concerning Public Revenues and Expenditures in Social Interest". Temida 2, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/oolscprepi.2018.57.

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Andayani, Endah, and Lilik Sri Hariani. "Readiness of Work - Pesantren (Islamic Boarding School) Education and Family Economic Background." In Annual Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007417001540158.

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Luo, Ning. "International Logistics Development under Economic Background of New Silk Road." In 2015 3rd International Conference on Education, Management, Arts, Economics and Social Science. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemaess-15.2016.34.

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Zhong, Sheng, Susu Chang, and Shiming Yuan. "Research on Parking Location Problems for Bicycle-sharing under Shared Economic Background." In 3rd International Symposium on Social Science (ISSS 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isss-17.2017.85.

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Zhang, Yitao, and Yu Liu. "Research on the Path of China's New Economic Development under the Background of Sustainable Economic Development." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Social Science and Management Innovation (SSMI 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ssmi-19.2019.43.

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Reports on the topic "Social and economic background"

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Vignoles, Anna, and Claire Crawford. Heterogeneity in graduate earnings by socio-economic background. IFS, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.ifs.2014.1430.

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Hodges, Leslie, Saied Toossi, Jessica E. Todd, and Cayley Ryan-Claytor. special supplemental Nutrition Program for women, infants, and children (WIC): background, trends, and economic issues. Washington, D.C.: Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2024.8254669.ers.

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The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides supplementary foods, nutrition education, and referrals to healthcare and other social service agencies to low-income, nutritionally at-risk women, infants, and children up to 5 years of age. Administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service, WIC had an annual budget of $6 billion and served more than 6 million people each month in fiscal year 2022. The USDA's Economic Research Service periodically reports on research findings relevant to WIC policy and program operations, often following major changes in the program's design. This 2024 edition of the report explains how WIC works, discusses program trends, and summarizes research findings on key economic outcomes and policy issues facing the program. This report also outlines temporary changes to WIC in response to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the infant formula supply chain disruptions that occurred in 2022.
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Vignoles, Anna, Lorraine Dearden, Jack Britton, and Neil Shephard. How English domiciled graduate earnings vary with gender, institution attended, subject and socio-economic background. IFS, April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.ifs.2016.1606.

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Buvinic, Mayra. Cost of Adolescent Childbearing: A Review of Evidence from Chile, Barbados, Guatemala and Mexico. Inter-American Development Bank, July 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008884.

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Does early childbearing restrict women's social and economic opportunities? These questions are explored by examining the effects, first on marital status and family formation, and second on women's employment options, earnings and poverty condition. The four studies presented here (from Chile, Barbados, Guatemala and Mexico) include controls for background variables and the timing of the consequences of observations. The review describes gross differences that emerged in the studies and explores how much the observed differences were due to background factors associated with adolescent childbearing, including poverty, which is a potentially large confounding variable in developing economies. The presence of sizable poverty and the nature of women's economic participation provide the common ground to assess consequences of adolescent childbearing in countries that otherwise iffer considerable in the cultural circumstances surrounding family formation and childbearing.
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Freeman, Richard. Who Escapes? The Relation of Church-Going & Other Background Factors to the Socio-Economic Performance of Blk. Male Yths. from Inner-City Pvrty Tracts. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w1656.

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Werny, Rafaela, Marie Reich, Miranda Leontowitsch, and Frank Oswald. EQualCare Policy Report Germany : Alone but connected? Digital (in)equalities in care work and generational relationships among older people living alone. Frankfurter Forum für interdisziplinäre Alternsforschung, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/gups.69905.

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The policy review is part of the project EQualCare: Alone but connected? Digital (in)equalities in care work and generational relationships among older people living alone, a three-year international project involving four countries: Finland, Germany, Latvia and Sweden. EQualCare interrogates inequalities by gender, cultural and socio-economic background between countries, with their different demographics and policy backgrounds. As a first step into empirical analysis, the policy review aims to set the stage for a better understanding of, and policy development on, the intersections of digitalisation with intergenerational care work and care relationships of older people living alone in Germany. The policy review follows a critical approach, in which the problems policy documents address are not considered objective entities, but rather discursively produced knowledge that renders visible some parts of the problem which is to be solved as other possible perspectives are simultaneously excluded. Twenty publicly available documents were studied to analyse the processes in which definitions of care work and digital (in)equalities are circulated, translated and negotiated between the different levels of national government, regional governments and municipalities as well as other agencies in Germany. The policy review consists of two parts: a background chapter providing information on the social structure of Germany, including the historical development of Germany after the Second World War, its political structure, information on the demographic situation with a focus on the 60+ age group, and the income of this age group. In addition, the background presents the structure of work and welfare, the organisation of care for old people, and the state of digitalisation in Germany. The analysis chapter includes a description of the method used as well as an overview of the documents chosen and analysed. The focus of this chapter is on the analysis of official documents that deal with the interplay of living alone in old age, care, and digitalisation. The analysis identified four themes: firstly, ageing is framed largely as a challenge to society, whereas digitalisation is framed as a potential way to tackle social challenges, such as an ageing society. Secondly, challenges of ageing, such as need of care, are set at the individual level, requiring people to organise their care within their own families and immediate social networks, with state support following a principle of subsidiarity. Thirdly, voluntary peer support provides the basis for addressing digital support needs and strategies. Publications by lobby organisations highlight the important work done by voluntary peer support for digital training and the benefits this approach has; they also draw attention to the over-reliance on this form of unpaid support and call for an increase in professional support in ensuring all older people are supported in digital life. Fourthly, ageing as a hinderance to participation in digital life is seen as an interim challenge among younger old people already online.
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Tiruneh, Dawit, Ricardo Sabates, Caine Rolleston, and John Hoddinott. Trends in Mathematics Learning in Ethiopia: 2012-2019. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2022/045.

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In this Insight Note, we explore the possible explanations for the decline in learning levels among primary school pupils in relation to the General Education Quality Improvement Programme (GEQIP) reforms that wereintended to improve quality and equity in the Ethiopian basic education system. We examine the extent to which mathematics learning levels for Grade 4 pupils have declined over time, despite the implementation of reforms to improve them, as well as the lessons that may be drawn from this. We also examine whether there is any difference in the benefits of the educational reforms for pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds (i.e., from rural areas, emerging regions, and from the lowest socio-economic background). We make use of a unique longitudinal dataset on 33 schools in six regions of Ethiopia covering the period 2012 to 2019.
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Rosales, Judith, Paul E. Ouboter, and David S. Hammond. Managing the Freshwater Impacts of Surface Mining in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009091.

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This paper provides a brief overview of the linkages between the primary factors driving gold mining, how these interact with regional geology to concentrate impacts on specific river basins, and the primary environmental and social impacts that can erode the economic benefit delivered from gold production if it is left unmanaged. We consider these impacts in the context of operational scale and the regional differences in background hydrological conditions with a view to identifying freshwater systems that are most inherently vulnerable to the effects of mining and that thus have the greatest impact of additionality. The paper concludes by considering ways in which these impacts might be averted or mitigated through a mix of approaches aimed at normalizing mining processes, structures, and relationships through tailored, incentive-based policies and actions.
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Batliwala, Srilatha. Transformative Feminist Leadership: What It Is and Why It Matters. United Nations University International Institute of Global Health, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37941/rr/2022/2.

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The words of ancient Chinese philosopher Lao Tsu make the simplest, yet most profound, case for transformation – a change of direction, a fundamental shift in the nature or character of something, recasting the existing order and ways of doing things. This is what the world needs now, as institutions and systems of the past century prove unable to address the challenges of impending planetary disaster, persistent poverty, pandemics, rising fundamentalism and authoritarianism, wars, and everyday violence. Against a background of a worldwide backlash against women’s rights, gender parity in leadership positions – in legislatures, corporations, or civil society – has proved inadequate, as women in these roles often reproduce dominant patriarchal leadership models or propagate ideologies and policies that do not actually advance equality or universal human rights. What is required is truly transformative, visionary leadership, whereby new paradigms, relationships and structures are constructed on the basis of peace, planetary health, and social and economic justice.
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Boye, Greta, and Winston Ramautarsing. Revitalizing Agriculture in Suriname. Inter-American Development Bank, May 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008717.

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Suriname faces unprecedented challenges in transforming its agricultural sector to a market based system, and it will need to offset the deterioration of the sector resulting from the probable loss of its preferential markets in the next decade. This study seeks to contribute to the understanding of the measures that are necessary to address the constraints on agricultural growth and development. The analysis builds on discussions that took place in May 1996 with government officials, representatives of private sector organizations and international agencies. Based on field work and subsequent analyses, this report offers recommendations on actions needed to sustain and enhance the growth of Surinam¿s existing export products, promote the emergence of promising new products, and strengthen institutions that support both of those activities. The study includes a general introduction and background information on the contribution of agriculture to the economy and the performance of agriculture, the main constraints on the growth and development of the sector, key factors affecting competitiveness, Government¿s plans for development in the area and, finally a strategy for revitalizing the agricultural sector in Suriname. The rationale for revitalizing the agricultural sector is to increase national income ad to foster the economic and social development of Suriname. Since agriculture is a sector of vital importance to the Surinamese economy, it provides a good vehicle for achieving this aim.
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