Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Social and behavioural aspects'
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Brunes, Fredrik. "Overbuilding in office markets : are behavioural aspects important?" Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Building and real estate economics, Department of Infrastructure, Royal Institute of Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4079.
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Rehal, Ashok Kumar. "The educational psychologist as a pedagogue for pupils with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2011. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/7140/.
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This thesis reflects my personal and professional journey from teacher to educational psychologist through significant periods in the education of children with Social Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties (SEBDs) in the UK. It also draws of on lessons learnt from my experience working in North America in the early years of my career. The main aims of my research were to: (1) Appraise the contribution an educational psychologist could make in assessing the learning potential of children and young people with SEBDs, and (2) Consider the „added value‟ that an educational psychologist might bring to enable these children as better learners and teachers as better teachers of children with SEBDs. 45 Children and young people with Social Emotional Behavioural Difficulties and their parents and teachers participated in the research. A mixed methods approach was employed to undertake three related case studies and a reflexive and narrative analysis was employed. Main outcomes of the research were (i) SEBDs were almost always accompanied by often unrecognised learning difficulties; (ii) A cognitive assessment by an educational psychologist had an added value in understanding the needs of the child; (iii) When parents and teachers of children who participated in an especially designed intervention, it changed their views of their children‟s behaviours. They reported significant improvement in their children‟s social skills and behaviour. I conclude the thesis by considering the implications of findings for the benefit of children with SEBDs. It is crucial that teachers identify and assess learning difficulties in all children and young people and clearly differentiate these from matters of and interventions for behaviour difficulties. Teachers and parents can be empowered to deal with their children‟s behavioural difficulties by involving the Educational Psychologist as a pedagogue, sitting as he or she does at the crossroads of education and psychology.
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Price, Alan Charles. "Action research in outdoor learning : promoting social and emotional learning in young people with social emotional and behavioural difficulties." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7428/.
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This research applies a non-typical action research approach to design, implementation and monitoring of an outdoor learning intervention situated within a UK special school for learners with social emotional and behavioural difficulties (SEBD). The rationale for the research is based upon practitioner assumptions that an earlier skills orientated outdoor learning curriculum was inappropriate and that change was required to incorporate opportunities for the learners to develop their social and emotional learning (SEL) skills. The thesis describes the historical role of outdoor learning in relation to SEBD intervention and applies structuration theory (Giddens, 1984) to gain an understanding of previous outdoor learning interventions. The theory has also been used to create a narrative from which to describe the augmentation of SEL skills within the participant group. It was found that SEL augmentation in individuals contributed toward the production of improved social structures within the participant group. Participant attendance on the outdoor learning intervention is also reviewed in the context of alternative curriculum discourse. It was found that participants had improved attendance, punctuality and motivation on intervention days.
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Child, Samantha. "Social experiences and belonging : an ethnography of children in two primary schools supporting children with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/374160/.
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Kotsidis, Vasileios. "Aspects of pro-social behaviour : theory and experiments." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51676/.
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Chapter 1 introduces the work, providing an overview of the common themes underlying the research and outlining the focus and approach particular to each project. Chapter 2 proposes a game-theoretic model that shows how moral preferences can emerge endogenously to promote material outcomes and traces their relationships with the fundamentals of the environment. The analysis indicates that the instilling of moral values can act as a commitment mechanism that counteracts the detrimental effects of behavioural biases. The greater the effect of such biases on the agents’ decisions (and, thus, payoffs), the more expanded the scope for morality. The study in chapter 3 tests the performance of a leading account of social preferences, namely the model of inequality aversion proposed by Fehr and Schmidt (1999), in tracking behaviour. It does so through an appropriately designed experiment. The aim is to evaluate if the account can consistently anticipate people’s behaviour. The results suggest that the model performs well only with respect to people that exhibit either very high or very low aversion to advantageous payoff inequality. The study in chapter 4 repeats the exercise reported in chapter 3, this time with respect to an account of social preferences that builds on the idea of social norm compliance, in particular, the one proposed by Krupka and Weber (2013). The aim is again to evaluate if the model performs well in consistently tracking people’s behaviour. The results do not offer much support for the explanatory power of the model. The individuals that exhibit the least concern about adhering to social norms and are choosing the payoff-maximising options are the only ones the actions of whom match the model’s predictions. Chapter 5 summarises the findings of this thesis and concludes.
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Hutton, Plum. "Investigation into the prevalence of sensory processing difficulties in children identified as having behavioural, emotional or social difficulties at school." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/42131/.
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The incidence of sensory processing difficulties (SPDs) was investigated for pupils (aged 4-10 years old) with behavioural, emotional or social difficulties (BESD). Teachers provided a measure of BESD using The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Parents completed The Short Sensory Profile (SSP) and teachers completed The Sensory Profile, School Companion (SC). Data were analysed for 144 children. When total scores were calculated for the sensory measures, parents and teachers rated that 55% and 44% of the sample respectively, had sensory processing difficulties. Both parents and teachers demonstrated concerns about difficulties with overactivity, poor listening and concentration skills. Associations were found between SPDs and some background factors including anxiety and poor peer relations. When individual cases were examined, it was found that children were often rated as having difficulties at school but not at home or visa versa. The implications of this finding are discussed in relation to previous studies that have purely relied on the Short Sensory Profile, a brief parental measure of SPDs. It was cautiously concluded that the data suggest that within the BESD sample it was possible to identify a subgroup of children who may also have difficulties with sensory processing. It is suggested that it may be helpful for there to be an increased awareness of possible sensory difficulties for some BESD children among educational psychologists.
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Pournaris, Marios. "An empirical investigation into the behavioural aspects of OBC participation for the brand using the commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing." Thesis, Brunel University, 2018. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/16666.
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Advancements in information technology have shaped the way customers and organisations interact with one another. Online brand communities (OBCs), especially have found their way into 21st century relationship marketing. While research embraces these OBCs for their cost-efficiency and ability for quicker and more intimate interactions, it has not thoroughly examined the procedure through which participation in such OBCs affects the major constructs of relationship marketing. Drawing from the commitment-trust theory and its central concepts of brand trust and brand commitment, this thesis utilizes this theory in a brand community and in an online context. Using probability sampling and a self-administered questionnaire, this study employs a deductive logic to investigate if higher levels of commitment and identification with an OBC translate to increased attachment, identification, trust and commitment toward the brand that the OBC supports. Furthermore, it demonstrates that this OBC-generated commitment is significant to brand managers since it enhances brand equity in terms of positive Word-Of-Mouth, customers' propensity to pay a price premium and oppositional brand loyalty. Similarly, this thesis underlines the importance of understanding the process through which an OBC member gradually develops strong emotional ties with the OBC, as a result of continuous interaction with other OBC members.
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Smith, Alan J. "Children with specific learning difficulties of mathematics and reading behavioural, emotional, and social problems : and research portfolio /." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 1997. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1071/.
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Tse, Wai Shing. "The role of noradrenaline in different aspects of human social behaviour." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272325.
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Berdoy, Manuel. "Feeding behaviour of wild rats, Rattus norvegicus : social and genetic aspects." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670302.
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Davies, Robert. "Identifying a weakness in the UK education system of supporting children with complex social, emotional and behavioural difficulties/ADHD : is government policy preventing effective inclusion for some pupils?" Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2010. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6600/.
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A short attention span, impulsivity, distractibility, and hyperactivity are characteristics that are commonly found in young children and sometimes in adults. These difficulties also meet the American Psychiatric Association diagnostic criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The British Psychological Society has adopted the term ‘bio-psycho-social’ to reflect the complex and multi-dimensional nature of ADHD. In young people, these symptoms interfere with learning, interpersonal relationships and self-esteem and can lead to social and educational exclusion. The use of drugs in the treatment of ADHD remains controversial and according to the 2005 prescription cost analysis (Cohen, 2006), Ritalin use has risen by 7600 per cent. Unfortunately, since the move away from the medical model following the 1978 Warnock Report on supporting children with special needs, a mindset has been created amongst teachers regarding the identification and assessment of children with certain types of complex needs as being outside of their expertise and this has resulted in teachers placing an over-reliance on external support services and specialists. This thesis proposes an enhancement to the existing over-complicated and bureaucratic system of identification and support for behavioural, social and emotional difficulties (BESD)/ADHD that develops the expertise and the role of the SENCO and thus streamlines identification of individual need and enhances educational support for ADHD sufferers. This research thesis used a case study approach with an interpretive dimension to enable the researcher to enter the working world of doctors and other medical professionals, teachers and classroom support assistants, and children as the ultimate subjects of this enquiry. The purpose of the study was to extend my knowledge of a complex childhood phenomenon and to examine the systems put in place in schools and support services that identify certain SEN and disorders that affect learning. An analysis of the role of teachers and school special needs coordinators was explored along with government policy on inclusion practices. The role of professionals from medicine and education in LEA support services was also examined and reported. A total of eighteen questionnaires were used to target key personnel in LEA support services. This was followed up with interviews at support services and in schools. A total of six medical professionals and a further nine educational professionals were interviewed. Three classroom observations were also conducted at a London comprehensive school. Analysis of the resulting data led to the identification of a series of Figures and a flowchart depicting the ‘story’ of this difficult process, with a proposed enhancement for earlier BSED/ADHD identification and support, and a range of recommendations. Although this was a small-scale research study, the literature and the comments from professionals cited from the national expert SENCO Forum indicate that my findings reflect a much wider picture locally and nationally.
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Hails, Euan. "Development and delivery of cognitive behavioural therapy training in New South Wales, Australia : project undertaken in the spirit of action research." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/37090/.
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This study set out to investigate the understanding of psychological interventions and their place in practice (psychological mindedness) at an Australian mental health service and whether or not it was possible to train clinicians to introduce cognitive behavioural therapy to practice. The study investigated if, after training, clinicians' self-efficacy and readiness to use learnt skills is increased as they begin to deliver cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to patients. To do this a methodological approach was adopted, developed and delivered in the spirit of action research and conducted utilising a practice development model, that employed skills based education and experiential learning methods. A staff scoping survey was conducted to ascertain the psychological mindedness of clinical staff and to gain a picture of the availability of talking therapies across the health service. Following this survey an eight-day CBT training course was developed and delivered. A pre- and post- course questionnaire was applied to gain data on participant’s readiness to use skills and an increase in their self-efficacy pertinent to CBT that they learnt during the course. The results of the scoping survey showed that there was use of talking therapies by clinicians and that these clinicians desired training in CBT. The results of the CBT course questionnaire showed that it is possible to increase clinician’s self-efficacy and readiness to introduce skills to practice post attendance on an eight-day CBT training course. The delivery of focused talking therapy training across a mental health service can over time and with adequate levels of support and supervision, enable the delivery of CBT to service users. Principles of action research, practice development and the use of skills based education and experiential learning methods if implemented and supported actively can increase patient’s access to psychological therapies and train staff in the application of the same.
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Rosén, Axel, Erik Sondell, and Evan Khalil. "The case of biometric payment cards: A quantitative study of the behavioural intention to use biometric payment cards among Swedish consumers." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-89795.
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Rolls, Geoffrey W. P. "Social psychological aspects of driver behaviour and accident potential in younger drivers." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315437.
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Freeman, Natalie J. "Some aspects of male vervet monkey behaviour." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, c2012, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3212.
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The permanent coresidence of males within a troop is unusual but occurs in vervet monkeys. Several hypotheses have been projected to explain the coexistence of male vervets (predation risk, breeding season length) but these hypotheses fall short in explaining the multimale nature of vervet monkeys. In order to determine the explanation for coresiding males, I collected male behavioural data from two troops over the course of nine months. My dataset was divided into two categories, male-male interactions and female-male interactions. The male-male data indicate that breeding season is the most active time for migration, aggressions and wounds. Coalitions were described for the first time, and affiliative interactions between males highlighted coping tactics of males in regards to their coexistence. The female-male data indicate there was little indication for distinct male or female choice for mating. Specifically, olfactory information appears to lower successful copulations of males, and female resistance also decreased successful copulations. Grooming was not a commodity traded for mating access. Male dominance was not correlated with mating success, and females seem to express their preference for sexual partners. The large cohort of males of my troops appears to alter behaviours observed at other sites. The maintenance of male-female associations after breeding season suggests that males may be preparing for next breeding season, and males may co-reside for breeding purposes.xiii, 123 leaves : ill. maps ; 29 cm
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Cooper, Paul William. "Respite, relationships and re-signification : a study of the effects of residential schooling on children with emotional and behavioural difficulties, with particular reference to the pupils' perspective." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1990. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1473/.
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This thesis explores the effects of residential schools on EBD pupils I two residential schools. Major sources of data for this interactionist study are the transcripts of interviews with pupils attending the schools, questionnaires and observation. After examining the social and psychological correlates of EBD and the therapeutic approaches of pioneer workers in the residential field, the claimed ‘institutionalizing’ effects of residential care are considered. Data from this study are analyzed with reference to these conflicting viewpoints. The study supports the view that the residential experience can benefit pupils by providing: * respite from negative influences in the family, home based peer school and peer group * opportunities for positive pupil achievement * encouragement to form rewarding interpersonal relationships with adults and fellow pupils at the schools Negative effects of stigma and loss of family contact are also noted. The concept of ‘re-signification’ is introduced to describe the process whereby the schools, through organizational and interpersonal means, promote improvements in pupils’ self images and the development of non-deviant identities, in contrast with the negative labelling effects of mainstream schools as reported in this and other research.
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Rabinovitch, Jeff. "The effects of social status on tourist behaviour with special emphasis on visitors' behaviours and expectations of Expo 86." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27701.
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The effect of social status on visitors' behaviour at one type of tourist event, a world's fair, is examined. A model is developed which shows that:
1. Socialisation experiences can influence individuals positions in the social status hierarchy;
2. People who have had similar socialisation experiences may exhibit similar behaviours;
3. A basis of social status is the prestige awarded to an individual by society;
4. Tourism is associated with prestige;
5. Tourism experiences can affect an individual's position in the social status hierarchy;
6. World's fairs can be a destination oe event where the experiences or 'ritual transformations' can occur.
These ideas that visitor's behaviour at a tourist destination may differ depending on his/her level of social status. To test this thesis, hypotheses based on five constructs are developed and tested using data collected at Expo '86 in Vancouver, Canada. The five constucts that are expected to vary with level of 7. Attending cultural events; social status are:
1. Mode of travel to Expo '86;
2. Trip planning;
3. Expectations of Expo'86; and
4. Souvenir collecting. Although the results are in general inconclusive, the viability of the hypotheses cannot be dismissed because of some limitation in the data; they were collected for reasons other than this research and the research instrument used was not meant to measure the constructs specified here. As well there is strong evidence in the research literature to support the main argument.
A model of social status and behaviour, adapted in this thesis to tourism behaviour, can be used in future investigations. Areas for further investigations are suggested including areas of the model that should be expanded and clarified and new methods to test the constructs.Business, Sauder School of
Graduate
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Wong, Wai-hou, and 王偉豪. "Sports participation by students with behavioural problems in Hong Kong secondary schools." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3195988X.
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Mandelli, Marie-Juliette. "Aspects of social behaviour, sexual dimorphism and ultrasonic vocalisation in the vole, Microtus agrestis." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287245.
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Park, Deborah Louise. "Presence, participation and progress : an investigation into changes in attendance, attitudes to learning and achievement following the introduction of an alternative curriculum in a school for pupils with behavioural, emotional and social difficulties." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5055/.
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This research considers the impact of the implementation of an alternative curriculum in a school for pupils with Behavioural, Emotional and Social Difficulties, who were, in the main, disaffected with education, had low attendance, poor behavior and unsatisfactory academic attainment. This paper suggests that one of the reasons for the pupils’ disaffection lay with the curriculum that was followed at the school. In order to measure the success of the new curriculum, many types of data were analysed, including data on pupils’ attendance, their behaviour and attitudes to learning and their academic achievements. Three sets of data were compared – one set gathered before the new curriculum began, a second set whilst it was in operation and a final set once it had finished. Changes in the data were used to determine the extent to which the alternative curriculum was successful in realising improvements in these three areas. Although not all the data supported the research hypothesis, there was sufficient evidence to confirm that the introduction of a new curriculum in this particular school at this particular time did increase attendance, improve behaviour and lead to an improvement in achievement for most of the pupils who followed the new curriculum.
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Ngo, Anh-Thu. "Environmentally responsible consumption of ethanol blended gasoline : behavioural determinants, economic decisions and politics of intervention." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27158/27158.pdf.
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Akawa, Ester Anna Nelago. "Teachers' perceptions of behavioural problems manifested by Grade 11 and 12 learners in three Namibian schools." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010868.
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In Namibia today few learners with behavioural and learning problems are within special schools as most are placed within the mainstream school system. Placing these learners within the mainstream system is part of the policy of Inclusive Education (IE) because it argues that this would benefit these learners and also save resources. IE is concerned with addressing barriers to learning and behavioural problems are regarded as one of these barriers. IE argues for a series of new approaches to the diagnosis and response to learners with behavioural problems. This poses challenges for teachers in mainstream schools. Teachers are at the forefront of this situation as they are usually the first to observe and experience the behavioural problems in the schools and are expected to respond appropriately. They find this situation both challenging and problematic. This research explores a sample of teachers’ perceptions of learners’ behavioural problems. To collect in-depth information, this study followed a qualitative approach with a case study design. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, supplemented with observation and document analysis. The study consisted of fifteen respondents: three principals, three teacher counsellors and nine teachers from the three selected schools. This study illuminates the types of behaviour that teachers encounter, the impact of these behaviours, the factors seen as contributing to these behaviours, and how teachers and the school system deal with these behaviours. In addition the study applies Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model (1992) to explain how the behaviours manifested by Grade 11 and 12 learners, and identified as problematic by teachers, are part of an interconnected nested social system. The results from the study indicate the manifestation of behavioural problems to be common occurrences in secondary schools are evident, amongst others, through fighting, bullying, substance abuse, truancy, and disrespect of teachers and authority. The teachers pointed to the prevalence of these problems as well as the serious impact such problems have on these learners, their fellow learners, and on the teachers. The teachers identified a complex array of what they saw as contributing factors located within the school, peer groups, family and home circumstances, the local community, as well within the national education policy, the economy and society. The study points to some specific, as well as broader, lessons and opportunities for action both for those managing the education system at the national level and for schools and teachers.
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Cooper, Benedict C. "The evolution of technology and adaptive economic behaviour." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6b6fece5-fdc3-4ac5-ad38-ca94f6aea127.
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This thesis studies the role of learning as a mechanism of economic change. Two areas are considered where this would seem to be important. First, how firms learn about new technology; and secondly, how agents learn to behave in interactive situations. A model of research and development is presented which models the process by which firms solve specific design problems. This may be by individual experimental search or by partial imitation. In the latter case, a close parallel is drawn between biological evolution, based on genetic reproduction, and technological evolution, based on firms blending existing technologies. Some economic implications of these processes are explored, including their application to stochastic learning curves, patent design and the transfer of technology to developing countries. The thesis continues by critically assessing the analogy between biological and cultural evolution often used to model how agents learn to behave in interactive situations. It is argued that the methods used by economists exploiting this analogy are often ill-suited to an economic context. Models are presented which deal with specific issues in the transition from a biological context to an economic context, including models of partnership formation, models of imperfect imitation, and models without payoff-monotonic dynamics. The issue of imperfect imitation is expanded upon in an evolutionary model of the infinitely repeated prisoners' dilemma, where it is shown that the problem of inter-generational copying fidelity may allow one to restrict attention to strategies with a very simple stochastic structure.
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Roesch, Stefan, and n/a. "There and back again - comparative case studies of film location tourists� on-site behaviour and experiences." University of Otago. Department of Tourism, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080211.090920.
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Over the last decade, film location tourism has been established as a niche segment in the tourism industry. While this niche has attracted attention from both researchers and marketers alike, not much knowledge has been accumulated about the tourist encounter itself. It is the main purpose of this thesis to research on-site behavioural and experiential aspects of the film location encounter.
For the overall research design, an inductive, comparative case-study approach was implemented. Three cases were selected for this research: The Lord of the Rings locations in New Zealand, The Sound of Music locations in Austria and Star Wars locations in Tunisia. The applied methods are participant observation, image-based data and semi-structured interviews. The data collection was conducted while participating in organised film location tows in order to secure access to the informants.
The first fundamental outcome of this research is that there is no 'film location tourist' as such. People who travel to film locations come from different socio-economic backgrounds, comprise all age groups and possess varying degrees of fandom. The majority of film location tourists, however, have one thing in common, regardless of the underlying movie genre: the longing to connect with the imaginary world of the film by visiting the physical and thus 'real' location places. These places are consumed in two ways: as places of spectacle and as sacred places.
The nature of the location consumption is dependent on a number of factors, including the degree of fandom of the consumers, the attractiveness of the encountered locations, the consistency of the interpretive community, the amount and nature of external distortions and, if applicable, the structure of the location tour. Means of consumption of film locations as spectacle are formal posing, sight recordings and shot re-creations. When experiencing film locations as sacred places, shot re-creations, mental simulations and filmic re-enactments occur. The latter form of consumption can result in a symbiosis between the imaginary and the real place component: the gazing subject becomes the previously (photographed) object.
Regardless of the degree of experiential satisfaction, film location tourists want to bring some of the magic back home. This is achieved not only via mental pictures and physical photographs, but also through souvenirs. These can be off- or on-site. Regarding the latter, these souvenirs are almost holy relics, brought home from a successful pilgrimage and subsequently framed and displayed in an altar-like fashion. The benefits from this are not only self-pride and satisfaction, but also the distinction to other movie fans who have not been able to do the journey themselves. Thus, the person in possession of such a relic gains privileged status amongst peers which in turn raises the satisfaction with the location encounter.
The film location experience cycle comes to a full closure by re-watching the movie. This procedure involves a renewed connection to both the imaginary filmic places as well as the real locations visited. The filmic gaze is extended, as the movie scenes are now seen as part of a real place which extends beyond the filmic sight.
Keywords: Film location tourism - multiple, comparative on-site case study inquiry - film locations as spatial and temporal constructs - the film location tourist encounter - behavioural and experiential interactions with place.
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Ocal, Kubilay. "The Effects Of Interscholastic Sports Participation On Academic Achievement And Behavioral Development Of Junior High Grades Students." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12607180/index.pdf.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of interscholastic sports participation on academic achievement and behavioural development of junior high grades students of basic education schools in Turkey. The subjects of this study were 651 eight grade students from fifteen basic education schools which are randomly selected during 2004-2005 academic year in NevSehir. Required data were collected by student’
s data record folders (SPDRF), athletics participation licenses, high school entrance exam result sheets, provided by the schools administrations. First of all descriptive statistics were used to define demographic variables of this study. Second, one-way analysis of variance (Tukey HSD) and t-test (Pearson correlation) were used to asses the relationship between demographic variables and interscholastic sports participation on grade point average, high school entrance exam scores, attendance rate and behavioural development of students. Third correlation coefficients were applied to indicate the relation between independent variables and interscholastic sports participation. Finally regression analysis was conducted to understand how well the independent variables predict the academic achievement and behavioural development levels. Results indicate that interscholastic sports participations have positive effects on grade point average, attendance rate, individual development and high school entrance exam scores. Moreover demographic variables of students such as family income, family size, parents education level, family configuration and interscholastic sports participation are the determinants of academic success, behavioral development level, attendance rate, and high school attendance exam scores.
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Tryfonos, Stella. "How 'good practice' when working with pupils presenting with Behavioural, Emotional and Social Difficulties (BESD) in school is perceived by practitioners : an exploratory case study of two primary ZEP schools in Cyprus." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4145/.
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Pupils who present with Behavioural, Emotional and Social Difficulties (BESD) at school have been the focus of extensive study, research and reports for many years in England. These have focused on exploring the nature of BESD, contributing factors relating to school and the schools that have shown evidence of good practice when working with these pupils. This work has reflected the situation in the English education system. In Cyprus, however, answers to questions about how best to educate pupils who may demonstrate BESD remain elusive. In 2003, the Cypriot government approved a policy prioritising the education of pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds. The policy instituted ‘Zones of Educational Priority programme’ as it is an area-based initiative. The schools joining this programme and working under the policy have been selected based on the areas in which they are located and the local populations’ socio-economic and educational status. Additionally, many of the pupils registered in these schools present with BESD. Despite this fact, up to the time the research described in this thesis was conducted; the issue of good practice when working with these pupils seems to have been neglected by Cypriot researchers and educational authorities. The study reported here was begun in 2008 and continued in 2009. It involved two primary schools operating under the Zones of Educational Priority policy in Cyprus and is a case study of what ‘good practice’ is perceived to be in relation to pupils with BESD. For the purposes of this research, 22 semi-structured interviews were carried out, as well as 29 lesson observations and informal conversations. The collected data was subjected to content analysis and the findings are reported and discussed in a way that allow the readers to draw their own conclusions concerning how the study has reinforced what is already known in the area of study as well as how it has contributed to building new knowledge.
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O'Connor, Marie Louise. "Pupil voice-exploring the education journeys experienced by pupils labelled with behaviour, emotional and social difficulties (BESD)." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2012. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/6169/.
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The study aimed to develop innovative and exploratory research strategies for harnessing the pupil voice amongst young people who have received the Behavioural, Emotional and Social Difficulties (BESD) label. As such the study sought to locate the pupil at the heart of the data collection and to examine how specific turning points can impact upon the educational experiences of young people labelled with BESD. The study attempted to move away from traditional research methods which have worked to silence the voices of this group of young people. In order to achieve this aim the researcher set out on a journey of discovery alongside the pupils to develop participatory and engaging methods of data collection. The study aimed to track the educational journeys experienced by young people who have received the BESD label. In addition to being a vehicle for the voice of the young person the thesis draws together the perspectives of the adults surrounding the pupil namely their parents and teachers. The results revealed the BESD label to be complex and difficult to operationalise. The current education system continues to remove these "challenging" pupils and this leads to them experiencing extremely chaotic educational journeys. The findings indicate that the current system is not working from the perspective of the pupil, parent or teacher. Encouragingly pupils were able to offer intelligent and insightful responses to the antecedents to BESD development. The study therefore advocates the importance of "hearing" the pupil voice. It is questionable however the extent to which the study achieved its aim of "true participation". This is due to the position occupied by young people both within society and the confines of their educational journey. The study critically reflects on the challenge of unleashing the pupil voice. It is hoped the findings will provide recommendations for educational professionals and research practitioners engaging and supporting this group of young people.
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Sneddon, Ian Alexander. "Aspects of olfaction, social behaviour and ecology of an island population of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2823.
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Olfactory behaviour in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) has been studied extensively under laboratory and semi-natural conditions. Results of observations on aspects of the olfactory behaviour of a free-living population of rabbits are presented. To facilitate interpretation of these results, considerable preliminary information about the population was collected. The study was conducted over a three year period on the Isle of May off the east coast of Scotland. A total of 326 rabbits were trapped and marked to permit identification in the field, and data on sex, age and social status of these individuals was collated. Data on the overall structure and fluctuations in the population are presented. The social organisation and home ranges of rabbits at four study sites throughout the three years are described. Observations indicate that the social organisation of free-living populations is more complex and variable than previous descriptions of semi-natural populations would have led us to expect. The reproductive performance of the population was investigated and intra and interwarren variations are analysed with respect to warren and group size. Results indicate an inverse relationship between warren size and reproductive success. The most frequently observed group composition (2 males, 2 females) was also the most reproductively successful. Daily and seasonal activity patterns of different age, sex and social status classes of rabbits are described. Olfactory communication was investigated by analysis of the frequency, daily and seasonal variation, and behavioural context of odour related activities performed by members of different age, sex and social status classes. The importance of using appropriate methods for the sampling of behaviour in field studies of olfaction is stressed. The present study concentrates on behaviour related to latrines; chin marking of the substrate and of conspecifics; enurination and urine squirting; and pawscraping. The results suggest that different scent products may carry similar information but analysis of variations in the frequency and context of odour deposition suggests that the deposition of scent fulfills a variety of functions.
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Ahn, Inja Marketing Australian School of Business UNSW. "The impact of national culture on the planning and purchase-consumption behaviour of international leisure travellers." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Marketing, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20803.
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This research investigates the influence of national culture on the trip planning and purchase-consumption behaviour of international leisure travellers. This study focuses on achieving a theory-driven, rigorous study that covers a large number of national cultures in empirically testing systematic relations between national values and overseas leisure travel behaviour. The study proposes a conceptual model linking four sets of generalized national value dimensions drawn from the Hofstede, Schwartz and Inglehart studies with trip planning and purchase-consumption behaviours, drawing on and extending the model of a tourism consumption system suggested by Woodside and King (2001). Both country- and individual-level control variables are incorporated in the model. Per capita GDP and statutory annual leave are country-level covariates; prior-destination experience, trip purpose, age and gender are individual-level covariates. In addition to these covariates, trip itinerary planning and total external search are included in models of consumption behaviours. Secondary data obtained from the quarterly Australian International Visitor Survey (from quarter one 2000) is used to test the proposed model. The final sample for the study comprises international leisure travellers from 22 Asian, European and North American countries. Trip planning and consumption behaviours are taken as the dependent variables in a series of weighted and multi-level (HLM) regression models where the independent variables include national values, per capita income and statutory leave (at the country-level) and four travel segments constructed from prior-destination experience and trip purpose, age and gender at the individual-level, as well as trip itinerary planning and total search. The study found that national values play a significant role in influencing both trip planning and purchase-consumption behaviour. National values were found to have a stronger impact on trip planning behaviours than on consumption behaviours at a destination. The four sets of national values differed in explanatory power as did, the three national culture models in an international tourism context, although there was substantial convergent validity across the three models of national culture. The impact of national values on overseas leisure travel behaviour was strongest among the holiday travellers and the youngest (15-24) female tourists, followed by older (45-55plus) tourists. The study contributes a theory-driven, rigorous investigation of national culture and overseas leisure travel behaviour by provision of comprehensive conceptual model and by empirically testing the hypotheses on a large number of countries. It enriches our understanding of the role of national culture on cross-cultural consumer behaviour. The study's findings may assist in developing more effective international destination marketing strategy (e.g., positioning, communication and products-services development) by showing the potential usefulness of national values. Finally, several avenues for future research are suggested including direct measurement of cultural values, further empirical testing based on larger samples, further advances in the conceptual model adding post-purchase behaviour and other confounding variables.
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Laplante, Audrey. "Everyday life music information-seeking behaviour of young adults: an exploratory study." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22017.
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The aim of this qualitative research was to contribute to a richer understanding of the everyday life music information-seeking behaviour of young adults. The objectives were (1) to uncover the strategies and sources young adults use to discover new music artists or genres, (2) to understand what motivates young adults to engage in information-seeking activities, and (3) to explore what clues young adults look for in music items to make inferences about the relevance or utility of these items.Fifteen young adults (18 to 29 years old) of the French-speaking Montreal Metropolitan community participated in this study. The data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. Drawing on the research on shopping behaviour and music behaviour, Wilson's 1996 model of information behaviour has been revised and used to guide data collection and analysis. The data were analyzed inductively, using the constant comparative method.The analysis revealed that the participants had a strong penchant for informal channels (i.e., friends, colleagues, relatives) and low trust of experts (i.e., librarians, reviewers, music store staff). It also emerged that music discoveries were often the result of passive behaviour. When music was actively sought, it was rarely a goal-oriented activity. Indeed, it was mostly the pleasure they took in the activity itself – the hedonic outcome – that motivated them to look for music rather than an actual information need. Related to that, browsing, which is best suited for non-goal oriented information seeking, was a very common strategy among participants.The study also revealed that rich metadata, such as bibliographic information, associative metadata, recommendations, and reviews, were highly valued by the participants. In addition to allowing people to browse music in different ways, these metadata represent valuable information that is used to make inferences about the type of experience a music item proposes. ParticipaLe but de cette recherche qualitative est de contribuer à une meilleure compréhension du comportement dans la recherche de musique des jeunes adultes dans la vie de tous les jours. Les objectifs étaient de comprendre (1) les stratégies et les sources que les jeunes adultes utilisent pour découvrir de nouvelles musiques; (2) ce qui les motive à entreprendre des recherches afin de découvrir de nouvelles musiques; et (3) la façon dont ils s'y prennent pour évaluer la pertinence ou l'utilité d'enregistrements musicaux.Quinze jeunes adultes (âgés entre 18 et 29 ans) francophones de la région du Montréal métropolitain ont participé à cette étude. Les données ont été collectées au moyen d'entretiens semi-structurés en profondeur. En s'appuyant sur la recherche sur les habitudes de magasinage et sur le comportement musical, le modèle de comportement informationnel développé par Wilson en 1996 a été modifié. C'est ce modèle qui a guidé la collecte et l'analyse des données. Les données ont été analysées de façon inductive, en utilisant la méthode d'analyse par comparaison constante.L'analyse a montré que les participants avaient une préférence marquée pour les sources d'information informelles (amis, collègues, famille) et une confiance limitée envers les experts (bibliothécaires, critiques, disquaires). Il est également apparu que leurs découvertes musicales étaient souvent le résultat d'un comportement passif. De plus, quand ils recherchaient activement de la musique, il s'agissait rarement d'une activité orientée vers un but précis. En effet, il s'est avéré que c'était davantage le plaisir qu'ils prenaient dans l'activité – le résultat hédonique – qui les motivait à entreprendre des recherches plutôt qu'un véritable besoin d'information. De la même façon, le bouquinage, qui constitue une méthode particulièrement appropriée pour rechercher de l'information sans but précis, était très populaire chez
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Matthews, Brenda Marian Frederica. "An exploratory study of aspects on environmental conditions associated with alcohol and drug abuse and criminal behaviour." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Universally it has been reported that the fundamental change in or breakdown of traditional patterns of family living is a major cause of juvenile crime around the world. Researchers argue althought sequential violence may originate from certain important social and historical conditions - substance abuse primarily fules the cycle of violence. The major causes of delinquency in various countries are related to each nation's economic and social environment. The present study took place in the Correctional Services of the Boland Overberg region. The study aimed to examine the impact of risk factors (environmental conditions) and it's contribution to substance abuse and to determine how these risk factors and the prevalance of substance abuse contributes to criminality.
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Bellet, Clément. "Essays on inequality, social preferences and consumer behavior." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0004/document.
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Cette thèse étudie la façon dont l’inégalité intra et inter groupes affecte le comportement du consommateur et son bien-être via des effets de comparaisons sociales. L’objectif est une meilleure compréhension d’un certain nombre de phénomènes sociaux largement délaissés par la théorie classique du consommateur. Par exemple, dans quelle mesure les déterminants visibles d’une identité sociale tels que le groupe ethnique ou la caste affectent les comportements de consommation des ménages ? Comment comprendre le sur-endettement des plus pauvres malgré la persistante stagnation de leur revenu réel ? Ou encore, la consommation de biens de luxes devient-elle nécessaire au sein de sociétés plus inégalitaires et que nous apprend ce phénomène sur les limites sociales de la croissance économique ? Pour ce faire, la thèse incorpore d’importants résultats issus des travaux d’économie comportementale - en particulier s’agissant des préférences sociales et de l’évaluation subjective du bien-être - à la théorie du consommateur et de l’épargne. Le chapitre 1 développe un modèle de consommation relative qui tient compte des effets de comparaison au cours du temps et entre biens. Les chapitres suivant identifient ces effets à partir de données d’enquêtes représentatives de la population et de larges bases de données obtenues via des méthodes de web-scrapping. Le chapitre 2 se concentre sur l’endettement immobilier aux Etats-Unis lorsque les ménages se préoccupent de la taille relative de leur maison. Les chapitres 3 et 4 analysent la composante sociale des dépenses en Inde et leur implication en terme de malnutrition en utilisant des méthodes d’estimations standards et structurellesThis thesis studies ways in which inequality between and within groups affects consumer behaviors and welfare through social comparison effects. The objective is to provide a better understanding of a number of economic phenomena, namely: How to understand the extensive use of credit by lower income households in periods of stagnating real income growth? How do visible identities such as race or caste affect consumption choices, and can social hierarchies lead to poverty traps? Do luxury goods become more necessary when inequality rises, and what does such a phenomenon tell us about the social limits to growth? To that aim, the thesis incorporates important findings of behavioural economics, in particular on other-regarding preferences and subjective well-being, into theories of consumption and savings. Chapter 1 presents a model of relative consumption which accounts for comparison effects over time and across goods. The following chapters identify these effects using representative survey data and large datasets obtained via web-scrapping techniques. Chapter 2 looks at mortgage debt in the United States when households care about the relative size of their house. Chapters 3 and 4 study the social component of expenditures in India and its implication in terms of malnutrition using standard and structural estimation techniques
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O'Leary, Joanne Louise. "The impact of the 'social and emotional aspects of learning' framework on primary aged pupils' learning, attendance and behaviour." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-impact-of-the-social-and-emotional-aspects-of-learning-framework-on-primary-aged-pupils-learning-attendance-and-behaviour(14c581fd-d5e4-4754-8df6-5ab5fcf71cbd).html.
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In 2005, twenty four Lindale schools implemented the DCSF (Department for Children, Schools and Families) framework “Social and Emotional Aspects of Learning” (SEAL). The framework was initially introduced for primary aged children with the aim of developing their social and emotional skills, through the domains of self awareness, managing feelings, motivation, empathy and social skills. However, research around the development of children’s social and emotional skills had also suggested that this could improve attainments, attendance and reduce exclusions. This research explores the impact of the DCSF SEAL curriculum on the distal measures of Key Stage 2 SATs (Standardised Attainments Test) results, attendance, exclusions and pupil referrals for social, emotional and behavioural outreach support. It is longitudinal and compares the data for Lindale primary schools implementing SEAL with those who were not implementing the framework. The impact is measured between 2005, when SEAL was first delivered in twenty four Lindale primary schools, to 2009 when all primary schools had received training in this area. In 2007, semi structured interviews were carried out with a sample of the 2005 cohort of schools. Responses are presented from head teachers, SENCos (Special Educational Needs Coordinators), children and other colleagues in the authority regarding the impact of SEAL in these schools. The study also considers, in more detail, the impact of SEAL on five schools from the original cohort, who were considered to be examples of “Best Practice” in this area. The research indicates no association between the implementation of SEAL and improvements in Key Stage 2 SATs results, attendance or exclusions. These findings were replicated in the more in depth consideration of five schools. However, there has been a gradual decrease, year on year, in the number of pupils referred for social, emotional and behavioural outreach support as an increasing number of schools have implemented SEAL. The views of professionals and children, involved in the original cohort of schools implementing SEAL, are positive about the framework’s impact, particularly in terms of pupils’ behaviour.
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Page, Joanne. "An evaluation of the effectiveness of 'comic strip conversations' for addressing the target social behaviours of primary-aged pupils on the autistic spectrum." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37964/.
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Educational provision for children with autism is increasingly being made within mainstream settings and a range of intervention strategies to cater for the diverse needs of this heterogeneous population are needed (Ali & Frederickson, 2006). This research presents an evaluation of ‘Comic Strip Conversations’ (CSCs) (Gray, 1994b) for addressing the target social behaviours of five primary-aged pupils with autism in mainstream schools. CSCs are a story-based intervention which use visual systems designed to support understanding of situations and encourage more appropriate social behaviours in individuals with autism. A systematic review of existing research into the effectiveness of CSCs highlights the limited evidence base that currently exists. A series of multiple-baseline across behaviours single-case experimental designs (SCEDs) were implemented for four participants, in which two specific behaviours were targeted through a CSC intervention. An A-B SCED was implemented for a fifth participant, targeting a single behaviour. Repeated measures were taken through structured observations to assess the frequency of target behaviours. These measures were triangulated with pre- and post- measures of staff perceptions of the target behaviours and intervention effectiveness. This research additionally explored the relative impacts on behaviours of creating single versus multiple CSCs. The repeated measures data was analysed using a combination of visual analysis and effect size analysis (Tau-U). The outcomes of this indicated mixed results, with the intervention appearing to be moderately to highly effective in addressing at least one target behaviour for three of the five participants. Outcomes in terms of changes in staff perceptions of target behaviours and ratings of intervention effectiveness were similarly mixed and did not consistently triangulate with the repeated measures data. The behaviour targeted through multiple CSCs demonstrated greater improvement than the behaviour targeted through a single CSC in three out of four participants, however the difference was negligible in one case. Therefore, no clear association between intervention frequency and outcome could be concluded. The results are considered in view of the limitations of the research, taking into account the research design, characteristics of the data obtained, and threats to internal validity. Implications for practice are outlined and suggestions are made for future research. The research concludes with some support for CSCs as a promising intervention which may aid the development of socially appropriate behaviours for some pupils with autism.
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Mpofu, Nkosinothando. "Hiv/Aids communication and youth behaviour in South Africa: a study of female high school students in the Eastern Cape Province." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015374.
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Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus and Acquired Immune-Deficiency Syndrome communication remains one of the most significant tools in the fight against HIV/AIDS given the absence of the cure to fight the growth and spread of the global pandemic. Through the use of information, HIV/AIDS communication seeks to empower recipients or societies with skills that will help reduce their risk of infection. South Africa has seen a high visibility of HIV/AIDS communication programmes or campaigns aimed at empowering different audiences, whilst paying particular emphasis on the most vulnerable. Young people, in particular young women, have a higher prevalence of HIV/AIDS in South Africa. This has prompted the development of many youth focused communication campaigns which have sought to address factors that increase young people`s vulnerability to HIV infection. However, despite the high visibility of HIV/AIDS communication campaigns targeting young people, high risk behaviours are still being seen among young women. Important to note are the high teenage pregnancy rates, growing abuse of substances and even the premature engagement of sexual activities among female youths. This, therefore, raises questions on the effect of HIV/AIDS communication programmes in encouraging protective behaviour against risky behavioural practices amongst young women. Using both quantitative and qualitative research approaches to this study, an investigation was conducted into whether current HIV/AIDS communication campaigns have been limited (in terms of effectiveness) when it comes to communicating with young women on issues relating to HIV/AIDS. Awareness of HIV/AIDS and HIV/AIDS communication programmes, relevance of HIV/AIDS communication programmes, the factors that influence the use and understanding of HIV/AIDS messages and the impact of HIV/AIDS communication on attitude and behaviour change amongst female youths is measured. A total of 350 questionnaire copies were self-administered to 350 participants, with a 100 percent response rate. From the 350 participants, seventy five took part in focus group discussions. Data obtained was analysed using SPSS (for descriptive statistics), and the grounded theory. The results of the study indicate that all participants were aware of HIV/AIDS with at least 60% of the participants aware of at least three HIV/AIDS communication campaigns. When measuring the relevance of HIV/AIDS communication campaigns, participants (58%) indicate that issues discussed in most HIV/AIDS communication campaigns increased the relevance of HIV/AIDS messages to young women although such relevance was, for some respondents, affected by limited access to communication campaigns. Results also show that levels of knowledge and understanding of factors that expose young women to HIV infections differed amongst participants in as much as the factors that hinder the use of advice contained in HIV/AIDS messages also differed. Sixty-nine percent of the participants have knowledge and a better understanding of factors that expose young females to HIV infections. Twenty-five percent of the participants identified peer pressure, whilst 23% identified limited access to HIV/AIDS communication campaigns and another 18% identified a disregard of HIV/AIDS messages as significant factors that limit the ability of individuals to implement advice contained in HIV/AIDS messages. The results also indicate that although HIV/AIDS communication campaigns seem to have played a role in empowering some participants, there is still a significant minority whom communication has not effectively communicated with. Based on these findings, the study suggests, amongst other things, the need to intensify current HIV/AIDS communication campaigns through the provision of consistent messages on appropriate condom use, the identification of easily accessible communication channels and the development of thought provoking and attention grabbing campaigns as well as the need to continue to directly involve young women in the processes of their own development.
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Timms, Kenneth Philip. "Staff training and challenging behaviour : an analysis of social relations in services to people within intellectual disabilities." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6547/.
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This treatise is an extended case study in the failure of applied psychologists to encourage care- workers in services to people with intellectual disabilities in the United Kingdom to use well- established, evidence-based behavioural approaches to reduce the behavioural challenges presented to services. Even when extensively taught and coached, they were rarely applied by care-workers in their everyday work, and had little or no impact on service practices. This failure had been attributed to care-workers being unwilling and unable to use these methods. An Institutional Ethnography discovered that 'challenging behaviour' is a phenomenon nested within a complex of relationships involving private and statutory service providers, service users, and commissioners. A range of ruling texts were in use, some coordinated, some apparently used competitively. The main coordinating ruling relations were the statutory obligations placed on local authorities, despite the presentation of other discourses promoting a person-centred, human-rights focused agenda. The role of applied psychology in these ruling relations is explicated using research literatures, field-work vignettes, and auto-biographical reports of professional practice.
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Stuart, Beth. "Three essays on sexual behaviour and sexually transmitted disease in the UK." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/72381/.
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This thesis aims to explore the measurement of and the correlation between risky sexual behaviour and chlamydia and gonorrhoea infection in the UK in three chapters. The first of these explores methods of calculating rates of Chlamydia and gonorrhoea infection at UK genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics. Data from KC60 returns from clinics in the Northwest, Southwest and East Midlands of England are used to provide a numerator for the rates and three methods are tested to derive the denominator: Thiessen polygons, 15 mile boundaries, and 30 minute drive times. The study finds that the rates calculated are relatively insensitive to the method chosen and thus the simplest approach, the Thiessen polygons, is recommended. The analysis also highlights substantial regional differences in GUM service accessibility. The second chapter uses latent class analysis to derive a measure of risky sexual behaviour with respect to chlamydia and gonorrhoea infection. Data from the National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles II, a nationally representative survey of sexual behaviour in Britain, has been analysed in order to identify patterns of behaviours associated with increased disease risk A 3-class solution is obtained, with individuals classified on the basis of the number of partners they have had in the last 12 months. iii The third chapter examines the relationship between the rates of chlamydia and gonorrhoea infection and the measure of risky sexual behaviour. Small area estimates of risky behaviour are obtained for all wards in England using synthetic regression methods. These are then aggregated in line with the Thiessen polygons in order to explore the correlation with the rates of chlamydia and gonorrhoea infection. There is a positive correlation for both infections, but far stronger for gonorrhoea than chlamydia (r=0.70 and r=0.41 respectively), suggesting that although risky behaviour may explain some of the observed variation, further research is need to explore other possible explanations.
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Runesvall, Jonna, Gren Kajsa Sahlström, and Lenna Truncale. "Eco Kids - Developing a learning game for children with the aspects of user-centered design, social behavior and reward systems." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23531.
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This paper focuses on how to design a childrens game to help them realize that they can have a positive influence on the environment. We present a detailed description and analysis of our work process from brainstorming to the discussions after playtesting our prototype. Playing while learning has been the motivation of our work which is divided into three specific topics: How to involve the users in the design process, what type of social aspects exist in our game, and the importance of a feedback and reward system in the game. We look upon earlier research and examples within these three areas. We designed our game from a user centered perspective to make the users influence and encourage a discussion and awareness about environmental questions in a way that isnʼt negative. While designing our game we wanted to shed a positive light upon a serious issue and bring the environment into the topics of play and fun. In our research we discoverd that focusing on small subjects and tasks the children started to discuss the complex theme of the environment. We focus on the interaction with the children and using their influence to make decisions in our design process. Involving them helped us to see that there is not only one way of learning. In this game, the users learned from engagement and discussion, which ended up being the most important part of the game play.
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Harris, Cheyne. "An exploratory study of responsible gambling behaviour." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008442.
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In light of the findings of a pilot study by this researcher, entitled a study of the behaviour and strategies of responsible gamblers, it is vital that responsible gambling behaviour in the Eastern Cape be researched more thoroughly. The pilot study found that many ordinary gamblers experience cognitive distortions which may predispose them to varying levels of gambling problems, as well as specific biographical attributes that may determine such an outcome. The present study aims to address the limitations and recommendations put forward by the pilot study, namely its relatively small scale, and lack of generalisability as a result of sampling from a single gambling population. This project set out to assess gambling behaviour, and more so responsible gambling practices, to be able to conclude how, and in what form, responsible gambling takes place. The research was conducted USll1g a sample of one-hundred-and-thirty-seven gamblers from Hemingway's Casino in East London to develop data and establish norms on general gambling behaviour over a week, by administration of a survey questionnaire. The analysis of the data focussed on areas such as the link between gender and gambling behaviour, amount earned and amount spent on gambling, age and gambling trends as well as belief in luck and chances to win. Finally, the strategies (if any) used by gamblers to avoid problem gambling or overspending were assessed, and described by the gamblers themselves, and added to the results of the research. The results indicate that the majority of gamblers in the Eastern Cape are responsible, but many do still exhibit cognitive distortions and other behaviours that might put them at risk for problem gambling. With these results it is possible to provide basic data and information about the nature of gambling in the East London area that can be added to previous (as well as subsequent) studies, in order to build a clearer and more representative picture of the gambling situation in the Eastern Cape, South Africa.
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Pabalan, Noel Aquino. "Aspects of the interaction between reproductive morphology and social behaviour of a primitively eusocial sweat bee, Halictus ligatus Say, Hymenoptera, halictidae." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ33545.pdf.
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Gellert, Paul [Verfasser]. "A lifespan perspective on health behaviour change : temporal, emotional, and social aspects in promoting physical activity in older adults / Paul Gellert." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1026884012/34.
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Duncan, Barbara St Clair. "Social cognition and sexually transmitted diseases : an investigation of aspects of health behaviour among patients attending an English genito-urninary medicine clinic." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267207.
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Raad, Morgan. "The influence of social responsibility initiatives on the South African wine consumers planned behaviour." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96205.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.The market benefits and competitive advantage of integrating social responsibility initiatives are well known within the global marketing context. More recently, this movement had notably increased within the South African wine industry, where wine producers are integrating philanthropy into their overall business operations. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the marketing of social responsibility initiatives, within the South African wine industry, would lead to a positive consumer attitude towards a brand and result in influencing South African wine consumers’ purchasing behaviour. The literature review was conducted to establish the effect of marketing social responsibility initiatives over consumer attitude, intention and planned behaviour. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. This study indicated that the marketing of social responsibility initiatives are recognised by South African wine consumers as a decision-making factor and do influence consumers’ attitude towards brands, when purchasing wine. Although social responsibility initiatives are regarded as a low decision-making factor, when compared to other factors, the study did indicate that South African wine consumers generally do portray positive attitude towards the South African wine industry’s social responsibility initiatives. Generally, it was found that South African wine consumers portrayed positive planned purchasing behaviour towards most of the South African wine producers’ social responsibility initiatives, with management of quality and environmental conservation initiatives receiving more positive response. Land reformation and legislative responsibility were regarded as lesser important initiatives. Given the fact that social responsibility initiatives are recognised, yet only influences a certain portion of South African wine consumers’ purchasing decisions, the study did indicate that there are opportunities for the South African wine industry to market its social responsibility initiatives. The study concludes with the educational role that the marketing of social responsibility initiatives may have on influencing wine consumers’ planned behaviour and suggests a multi-stakeholder approach towards marketing.
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Hoolohan, Claire. "Reframing water efficiency : towards interventions that reconfigure the shared and collective aspects of everyday water use." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/reframing-water-efficiency-towards-interventions-that-reconfigure-the-shared-and-collective-aspects-of-everyday-water-use(9051041e-e89b-43e5-888a-f41ad9d4c926).html.
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This is a thesis about water efficiency, a particular set of practices in the water industry of England and Wales designed to reduce end-use water demand in homes and businesses. Broadly, the thesis aims to understand how water efficiency activities organised and funded by water companies might more effectively support the development of sustainable patterns of domestic demand, in order to contribute to long-term sustainable water management. To achieve this aim, mixed qualitative methods are used to; a) evaluate the extent to which two non-conventional water efficiency activities engage with the collective elements of everyday consumption that existing research deems necessary to steer demand (Strengers, 2012, Macrorie et al., 2014, Shove, 2014, Geels et al., 2015); b) develop a conceptual understanding of demand management as a professional practice, to understand how Water Company activities are shaped, sustained and stifled; and c) develop an understanding of what future water efficiency activities might look like that take account of the findings from this research. Central to this research and analysis is the notion of 'collective', a term that denotes a conceptual perspective on demand that departs from a focus on individuals, towards the shared social, technological and natural relations that structure everyday activity (Browne et al., 2014). The analysis uses this notion of collectives to examine the impacts and limitations of Save Water Swindon, a large-scale 'whole-town' approach to water efficiency (Case Study 1); to explore how Care for the Kennet contributes to demand management by reconfiguring relations between water in the home and water in the river (Case Study 2); and to uncover the collective context of the professional practices of managing demand (Case Study 3). The findings illustrate that demand is shaped by routines that extend far beyond the spaces in which water is used, both intentionally and unintentionally, and therefore highlight a distributed web of people and practices that might be involved in demand management. The findings from these empirical enquiries are used to as the basis to work with the water industry to reimagine interventions that engage in the collective context of demand, and elicit conceptual understandings of the processes and actors involved in governing social change. Overall, the approach taken in this thesis demonstrates the vitality of practice-based enquiry that provides deep analytical detail to better understand the mundane yet complex processes that sustain everyday water use. Supplementing the analysis with ideas from a variety of social science disciplines and working alongside the water industry, facilitated by the CASE studentship, pushes the analysis beyond the confines of domestic practices typical of practice-based research. Subsequently this research offers contributions to policy, practice and theoretical developments as it explores the intersections between demand and professional practices and local environments, evaluates interventions, examines practices of demand management, and unravels the possibilities for future intervention. Consequently, though focused on water management in the UK, this research offers insights for other resource agendas and regional contexts, expanding discussions in these spaces to think creatively about avenues for future policy and management practice.
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Hanel, Vanessa K., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Management. "Socially conscious consumer behaviour : the role of ethical self-identity in the use of mental accounting / Vanessa K. Hanel." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Management, 2010, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/2598.
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Consumers are becoming more socially conscious in their purchasing behaviours (Freestone & McGoldrick, 2008), and for some it is becoming a more salient aspect of buying criteria (Memery et al., 2005). Individuals‟ conceptions of themselves can influence behaviour (Aquino et al., 2009). An on-line experiment demonstrated the importance of consumers' ethical self-identity (ESI) in the mental processing of socially conscious consumer decisions. Findings reveal not only how individuals process decisions, but how they react to external stimuli. This study categorizes consumers into three levels of ESI, and shows differences and similarities between them. Individuals who feel an ethical orientation is part of their core self-identity were more inclined to mentally consult upon their previous behaviours when considering their current choice. Additional findings indicate that an assimilation effect took place; priming the environment led to more environmental purchase intentions (Herr, 1989). This study provides important insight into socially conscious consumer behaviour.viii, 102 leaves ; 29 cm
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Hassan, Neil Ryan. "Predicting sexual sensation seeking : the third variable effect of time spent on the internet." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86705.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The most commonly searched for topic on the internet revolve around sexuality. These searches, known as online sexual pursuits, may be influenced by one’s personality traits, such as sexual sensation seeking (Kalichman et al., 1994), which has been associated with various sexual risk behaviours and could increase one’s chances of contracting sexually transmitted diseases and infections. It is therefore vital for researchers to examine the association between sexual sensation seeking and the internet. This study collected data from 336 participants who responded to instruments on an online survey which consisted of a demographic questionnaire, the Sexual Sensation Seeking Scale (Kalichman et al., 1994), the Sexual Compulsivity Scale (Kalichman & Rompa, 1995), the Big Five Inventory (John, Naumann, & Soto, 2008), the Real Me Questionnaire (Amichai-Humburger, Wainapel, & Fox, 2002), Klein’s Sexual Orientation Grid (Klein, 1993), and items associated with sexual risk behaviour (Mashegoane, Moalusi, Ngoepe, & Peltzer, 2002), online deception (Capri & Gorski, 2006; Stieger , Eichinger, & Honeder, 2009), and internet use. Results from multiple regression analyses indicated that extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, sexual compulsivity, sexual risk behaviour, and online self-disclosure were statistically significant (p < .05) predictors of sexual sensation seeking. The study used product-term regression analysis to examine the influence that time spent on the internet has on sexual sensation seeking and its relationship with the statistical predictors thereof. Three distinct third variables were used, namely, hours spent on the internet for work purpose (work hours), hours spent on the internet associated with online sexual pursuits (sexual hours), and hours spent on the internet for personal purposes (personal hours). Through the use of product-term regression analyses I was able to show that work hours as a third variable moderated the relationship between extraversion and sexual sensation seeking; work hours indirectly influenced sexual sensation seeking through sexual compulsivity; and that work hours as a third variable moderated the relationship between online self-disclosure and sexual sensation seeking. Furthermore, sexual hours as a third variable moderated the relationship between sexual compulsivity and sexual sensation seeking. Finally, I have shown that, within the sample, personal hours as a third variable moderated the relationship between sexual compulsivity and sexual sensation seeking; personal hours indirectly influenced sexual sensation seeking through sexual risk behaviour; and personal hours indirectly influenced sexual sensation seeking through online self-disclosure. It thus seems that time spent online influences sexual sensation seeking. It is advised that internet use policies be put in place to establish and maintain a professional culture within the workplace, and to ensure that job performance is consistently met. Internet software packages may be used to identify and report unauthorized online activity, and monitor hours spent online in order to identify individuals who may require treatment with regards to problematic internet use, sexual compulsivity, and inappropriate sexual behaviour in the workplace. Furthermore, the results of this study highlight the internet’s influence on the relationship between sexual compulsivity and sexual sensation seeking, and as such, may be of interest to sex therapists and counsellors in the field of hypersexuality. Finally, corporations, university officials, and youth and sexual health organisations may want to create awareness and provide educational resources with regards to the health risks associated with exploring sexuality via the internet.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Temas wat rondom seksualiteit gefokus is, is die mees algemeenste onderwerp wat op die internet nagevors word. Hierdie internet soeke, naamlik aanlyn seksuele strewe, word deels beïnvloed deur persoonlikheids-eienskappe, soos seksuele sensasiesoeke. Verder, seksuele sensasiesoeke is geassosieer met ‘n wye reeks riskante seksuele gedrag en kan die kanse tot seksueel oordraagbare siektes en infeksies verhoog. Hieruit volg dus die noodsaaklikheid dat navorsers die assosiasie moet ondersoek tussen seksuele sensasiesoeke en die internet. In ‘n aanlyn-opname is data van 336 respondente versamel deur die gebruik van instrumente soos 'n demografiese vraelys, Seksuele Sensasiesoekende Skaal (Kalichman et al., 1994), Seksuele Kompulsiwiteit Skaal (Kalichman & Rompa, 1995), Groot-Vyf Inventaris (John, Naumann, & Soto, 2008), Ware Ek Vraelys (Amichai-Humburger, Wainapel, & Fox, 2002), Klein se Seksuele Oriëntasie Rooster (Klein, 1993), en items wat verband hou met riskante seksuele gedrag (Mashegoane, Moalusi, Ngoepe, & Peltzer, 2002), aanlynmisleiding (Capri & Gorski, 2006; Stieger , Eichinger, & Honeder, 2009), en internetgebruik. Resultate van 'n meervoudige regressie-analise het aangedui dat ekstraversie, pligsgetrouheid, welgevalligheid, neurotisisme, seksuele kompulsiwiteit, riskante seksuele gedrag, en aanlyn self bekendmaking statisties beduidende (p < .05) voorspellers van seksuele sensasiesoeke is. Hierdie studie het produk-term regressie-analise (toets vir interaksie met behulp van meervoudige regressie) gebruik om die derde veranderlik van tyd wat op die internet gespandeer word te analiseer met betrekking tot die verhouding tussen seksuele sensasiesoeke en die statistiese voorspellers van seksuele sensasiesoek. Die derde veranderlike bestaan uit drie verskillende kategorieë naamlik, ure wat aanlyn gespandeer is vir werksdoeleindes (werksure), ure wat op die internet gespandeer is wat verband hou met aanlyn seksuele strewe (seksuele ure), en ure wat aanlyn vir persoonlike doeleindes gespandeer is (persoonlike ure). Resultate dui daarop neer dat werksure die verhouding tussen ekstraversie en seksuele sensasiesoeke gemodereer het, werksure het seksuele sensasiesoeke indirek gebeïnvloed deur seksuele kompulsiwiteit, en dat werksure die verhouding tussen aanlyn selfbekendmaking en seksuele sensasiesoeke gemodereer het. Verder het seksuele ure die verhouding tussen seksuele kompulsiwiteit en seksuele sensasiesoeke gemodereer. Persoonlike ure het die verhouding tussen seksuele kompulsiwiteit en seksuele sensasiesoeke gemodereer, persoonlike ure het seksuele sensasiesoeke indirek gebeïnvloed deur riskante seksuele gedrag, en persoonlike ure het seksuele sensasiesoeke indirek beïnvloed deur aanlyn selfbekendmaking. Dit blyk derhalwe dat die tyd wat op die internet gespandeer word het 'n invloed op seksuele sensasiesoeke. Daar word voorgestel dat beperkende beleidsriglyne binne internetgeledere ingestel word ten einde ‘n professionele kultuur binne die werkplek te verseker. Internet-programme kan gebruik word om ongemagtigde internet-aktiwiteit te identifiseer en aan te meld, aanlyntyd te kontroleer en persone te identifiseer vir moontlike behandeling vir internetverwante probleme, seksuele kompulsiwiteit en ontoepaslike seksuele gedrag binne die werkplek. Voorts fokus hierdie studie op die invloed van die internet met betrekking tot die verhouding tussen seksuele kompulsiwiteit en seksuele sensasiesoeke, en kan van beduidende belang wees vir seksterapeute en beraders wat spesialiseer in die veld van hiperseksualiteit. Ten slotte skep hierdie studie ‘n platform vir organisasies, universiteite, jeug- en seksuele gesondheidsorganisasies om bewustheid en programme te bevorder wat die gesondheids-risiko’s aanspreek wat verband hou met seksuele strewe op die internet.
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Lebeta, T. V. "An investigation into pre-service teachers mathematical behaviour in an application and modelling context." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4455_1189159771.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothetical view that the use of familiar social institutions in the formulation of mathematical problems by mathematics pre-service teachers will enable them to find solutions to problems by taking meaning, context and realities of a problem into consideration. The approach to investigate this hypothetical view was to describe the mathematical behaviour of pre-service teachers in an application and modelling context. This study, therefore, described the strategies used to arrive at solutions for problems from real life situations that are familiar to the participants.
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Williams, Emily Louise. "An investigation into the effectiveness of social stories with photograph or symbol illustrations for addressing the specific target behaviours of children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13297/.
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This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Social Stories utilising either photograph or symbol illustrations to address the target behaviours of children with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Multiple single-case experiments were conducted utilising an ABA design with 10 participants, all of whom were boys attending mainstream primary schools within a West Midlands Local Authority. The children ranged in age from 5-11 and all of them had a diagnosis and a primary need in relation to ASD. Personalised Social Stories were composed for each of the participants to address a specific target behaviour that had been identified by the child and members of teaching staff. The stories were written by the researcher alongside a member of staff from the Local Authority's Autism Outreach Service and all adhered to the criteria and guidelines for construction outlined by Carol Gray (2004). The format for each of the stories was identical but for the manipulation of the illustrations. The effectiveness of the intervention was monitored using a variety of measures including a Behaviour Log recording the frequency of the target behaviour across each of the experimental phases; the Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire (Goodman, 1997); and a Teacher / Teaching Assistant Questionnaire that had been designed by the researcher and was based on items contained within the Behaviour Intervention Rating Scale (BIBS) (Elliot & Treuting, 1991). The data obtained from these measures was analysed through the visual inspection of graphical data and the calculation of effect sizes. Discussion is provided about the suitability, reliability and validity of each of the measures and the methods of data analysis. Overall the study provides evidence of the utility and effectiveness of Social Stories for addressing the target behaviours of children with a diagnosis of ASD. Furthermore it offers an original contribution to the existing literature by exploring the impact of different forms of illustration on story efficacy.
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Hein, Willius Andreas Alexander. "The influence of space and place characteristics on juvenile antisocial behaviour development : an analysis of the effect of contextual disadvantage in Santiago de Chile." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f8a96ec7-c87b-4a5e-8e0f-2dcb67df291a.
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The fact that social problems cluster in space is not new. Spatial clustering of social problems has been described for several issues such as low educational achievement, crime and drug use, among others. One key factor that has been linked to those problems is the geographical concentration of contextual disadvantage. It has been argued that this observed correlation is only to be attributed to the fact that housing and labour markets create incentives for vulnerable people to cluster in space. Some believe that this clustering generates additional effects leading to poorer outcomes that would not have been observed in the absence of spatial clustering. The literature is unclear on the question of whether there is a "neighbourhood effect" of contextual disadvantage on problems like antisocial behaviour, and how this effect might be transmitted. Neighbourhood studies have been subject to persistent methodological and conceptual shortcomings. These may be partly related to the high costs involved in producing new datasets with adequate spatial measures. The availability of datasets with contextual data is scarce, thus many of the published papers on the subject have drawn on a low number of different studies (usually from the US and Europe). Consequently, the possibility to generalize their findings seems to be limited. In addition, the availability of high quality data (e.g. longitudinal datasets) that can help to rule out known methodological problems is even more restricted. In order to contribute to improving the understanding of how contextual characteristics might influence adolescent antisocial behaviour, firstly, a systematic review of longitudinal neighbourhood effects studies was conducted. In the first part of the thesis, results from the review suggest that the evidence supporting the existence of a direct neighbourhood effect of poverty and concentrated disadvantage on antisocial behaviour is mixed. Contextual effects of concentrated disadvantage also seemed to be highly dependent on model specification, whereby most studies finding significant main effects usually failed to include potentially relevant confounders in regression models. Commonly omitted confounders were related to baseline antisocial behaviour, parenting and peer differential association. Furthermore, evidence was generally unsupportive of the idea that neighbourhood level residential instability, neighbourhood disorder and incivility, social capital and collective efficacy or exposure to violence may have a direct effect on antisocial behaviour. Regarding institutional resources, mixed results were found. Some evidence pointed to the idea that "subcultural" variables (e.g. community level tolerance to deviance) may have an effect on reduced individual level violence. At times, it seemed that more complex models regarding how neighbourhood influences may influence behavioural outcomes might be needed. In the second part of the thesis, data from a longitudinal study, representative of the school population of Santiago de Chile, was merged with independent contextual level information (Census tract, schools and police records) and analysed. By examining the case of Santiago de Chile, a series of ideas regarding how contextual characteristics of activity spaces might relate to the growth of antisocial behaviour diversity over time were explored and tested. Specific attention was paid to examine and discuss how contextual effects might operate, in particular, how contextual disadvantage may influence criminogenic processes of strain, social control and contagion (peer effects). In order to test the proposed hypotheses, a series of hierarchical linear growth models were estimated. No evidence supporting the idea that different types of activity spaces (home based or school based activity spaces) may have differential effects on antisocial behaviour was found. However, results suggest that higher levels of contextual concentrated disadvantage across activity spaces significantly predicted a steeper growth of antisocial behaviour diversity over time. In spite of this, no support was found for the existence of a direct contextual effect once other covariates (i.e. baseline antisocial behaviour, strain, family level social control, contagion effects, among others) had been controlled for. The effect of concentrated disadvantage on antisocial behaviour appears to be mainly indirect; that is, mediated by other covariates. Baseline antisocial behaviour and contagion effects (peer effects) seem to play a relevant role in explaining away the effect of contextual concentrated disadvantage on the growth of antisocial behaviour scores over time. Only partial support for the idea that strain indicators may predict growth in antisocial behaviour diversity over time was found. Additionally, mediation analysis suggests that it may seem unlikely that the effect of contextual concentrated disadvantage on antisocial behaviour would be mediated by increased levels of strain. In spite of this, the effect of family level SES on the growth of antisocial behaviour diversity does seem to be partially mediated by some of the measured strain indicators. Measurement limitations (antisocial behaviour scale could only increase or remain stable) made it difficult to interpret some unexpected findings regarding strain effects. Regarding social control variables, evidence suggested that, even though family level monitoring predicts antisocial behaviour, neither parental attachment nor monitoring seemed to mediate the effect of contextual disadvantage on antisocial behaviour. In relation to school level social control, none of the relevant measures (school value added education and school attachment) significantly predicted antisocial behaviour in the fully specified model. Moreover, none of the hypothesized mediation effects held up, after controlling for other covariates. Regarding contagion effects (measured using peer variables), macro level concentration of juveniles with arrest records failed to predict individual level growth in antisocial behaviour diversity over time. Nevertheless, micro level concentration of antisocial peers in school and/or in activity spaces did predict growth in antisocial behaviour diversity. Results on micro level concentration of antisocial peers where subject to multicollinearity problems and thus were assessed separately. The effect of both variables (concentration in schools and concentration in activity spaces) was partially mediated by best friend's antisocial behaviour. Furthermore, concentrated disadvantage and concentration of deviant schoolmates in activity space interacted to predict a stronger relationship between affiliation to deviant peers and antisocial behaviour . Results are consistent with both geographic propinquity and co-offending process. , because of a low ecometric reliability found for "concentration of antisocial peers in activity space", results regarding this variable are regarded as tentative. An explanatory hypothesis of observed effects was proposed. Results may suggest that the effect of contextual disadvantage on antisocial behaviour is mainly indirect. Contextual disadvantage might be regarded as an expression of spatial clustering (social sorting) of low SES families due to housing and other governmental policies. In average, low SES families display poorer parenting skills, which might provide at least a partial explanation as regards to why higher concentration of antisocial peers (in school or activity spaces) and increased baseline antisocial behaviour scores are observed in disadvantaged contexts. In turn, higher concentration of deviant peers may be facilitating contagion effects. Results suggest that effects of concentrated disadvantage on antisocial behaviour might be due to simultaneous occurrence of compositional and contextual effects.Study limitations, policy implications, and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Cheung, Bik-ki, and 張碧琪. "Sport participation of Hong Kong secondary school students: relation to social, physical and academicself concepts and deviant behaviour." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31960765.
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