Academic literature on the topic 'SNP ranker'
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Journal articles on the topic "SNP ranker"
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Seidel, G. E. "Brief introduction to whole-genome selection in cattle using single nucleotide polymorphisms." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 1 (2010): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd09220.
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Genomic selection using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is a powerful new tool for genetic selection. In cattle, SNP profiles for individual animals are generated using a small plastic chip that is diagnostic for up to 50 000 SNPs spaced throughout the genome. Phenotypes, usually averaged over offspring of bulls, are matched with SNP profiles of bulls mathematically so that animals can be ranked for siring desirable phenotypes via their SNP profiles. For many traits in dairy cattle, the rate of genetic improvement can be nearly doubled when SNP information is used in addition to current methods of genetic evaluation. Separate SNP analyses need to be developed for different populations (e.g. the system for Holsteins is not useful for Jerseys). In addition, the value of these systems is very dependent on the number of accurate phenotypes matched with SNP profiles; for example, increasing the number of North American Holstein bulls evaluated from 1151 to 3576 quadrupled the additional genetic gain in net merit from this approach. Thus, the available information will be insufficient to exploit this technology fully for most populations. However, once a valid SNP evaluation system is developed, any animal in that population, including embryos, can be evaluated with similar accuracy. Biopsying embryos and screening them via SNP analysis will greatly enhance the value of this technology by minimising generation intervals.
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Buysse, Claire E., Jessica A. Munyan, Clara A. Bailey, Alexander Kotsakis, Jessica A. Sagona, Annie Esperanza, and Sally E. Pusede. "On the effect of upwind emission controls on ozone in Sequoia National Park." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 23 (December 4, 2018): 17061–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17061-2018.
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Abstract. Ozone (O3) air pollution in Sequoia National Park (SNP) is among the worst of any national park in the US. SNP is located on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada Mountains downwind of the San Joaquin Valley (SJV), which is home to numerous cities ranked in the top 10 most O3-polluted in the US. Here, we investigate the influence of emission controls in the SJV on O3 concentrations in SNP over a 12-year time period (2001–2012). We show that the export of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the SJV has played a larger role in driving high O3 in SNP than transport of O3. As a result, O3 in SNP has been more responsive to NOx emission reductions than in the upwind SJV city of Visalia, and O3 concentrations have declined faster at a higher-elevation monitoring station in SNP than at a low-elevation site nearer to the SJV. We report O3 trends by various concentration metrics but do so separately for when environmental conditions are conducive to plant O3 uptake and for when high O3 is most common, which are time periods that occur at different times of day and year. We find that precursor emission controls have been less effective at reducing O3 concentrations in SNP in springtime, which is when plant O3 uptake in Sierra Nevada forests has been previously measured to be greatest. We discuss the implications of regulatory focus on high O3 days in SJV cities for O3 concentration trends and ecosystem impacts in SNP.
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Yee, Sook Wah, Joel Mefford, John Witte, Michiaki Kubo, Koichi Matsuda, Kathleen Giacomini, and Charalambos Andreadis. "Germline Genetic Polymorphisms Are Associated with Disease-Free Survival in Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): A Genomewide Association Study From the Pgrn-Riken Global Alliance." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 2548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2548.2548.
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Abstract Abstract 2548 Background: AML is a malignancy with an average five-year survival rate of 50% in adults. Great strides have been made in deciphering the genetic heterogeneity of this disease and indentifying subgroups with favorable or unfavorable outcomes based on cytogenetic and molecular factors. We undertook this study to identify patient-specific germline determinants of treatment outcome and survival in AML. Methods: Our cohort was comprised of 314 adult patients with AML in first or subsequent complete remission who underwent consolidation therapy with a busulfan-based autologous stem cell transplant (Bu-ASCT) at UCSF between 1986 and 2009. DNA samples were isolated from patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cell alliquots collected via apheresis following etoposide and high-dose cytarabine consolidation at the time of confirmed complete remission. Genotyping was performed using the Illumina Human OmniExpress Beadchip. To adjust for population substructure, EIGENSTRAT software was used to determine eigenvalues for the SNP correlation matrix and the corresponding eigenvectors were used as covariates. Statistical analyses were conducted with STATA and PLINK software. Association testing with DFS was based on Cox proportional hazards models. We utilized a multiplicative (log-additive) model with a genome wide-alpha set at 10−8. The subset of 168 genetically European patients (cau) was used for the primary analysis. Results: Overall, 9.7% of patients in our cohort had high-risk/relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia, 12.9% core-binding factor leukemia [inv 16 or t(8;21)], 69.5% cytogenetically-normal leukemia, and 7.9% high-risk disease either by cytogenetic or molecular abnormalities. Disease-free survival in our cohort following Bu-ASCT was 59% at 5 years. As expected, baseline risk was significantly associated with DFS but treatment era was not. We identified several significant SNP clusters in our analysis. A 4-SNP cluster emerged on chr15 with a SNP ranked 2nd and one ranked 8th in the overall analysis. The SNP (rs933813) marked 2nd was upstream of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R). After adjustment for baseline risk, this SNP was significantly associated with DFS in cau (p-value= 6.9×10−8) as well as the overall population (p-value= 1.1×10−6). Other clusters are being evaluated. Conclusions: We identified several significant SNPs and SNP clusters that are associated with DFS in adult patients with AML undergoing Bu-ASCT. So far a SNP upstream of IGF1R has emerged as highly significant in our analysis. Ongoing studies are focusing on imputation, fine mapping and functional validation of these results. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Liu, Changning, and Zhenyu Xuan. "Prioritization of Cancer-Related Genomic Variants by SNP Association Network." Cancer Informatics 14s2 (January 2015): CIN.S17288. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cin.s17288.
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We have developed a general framework to construct an association network of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (SNP association network, SAN) based on the functional interactions of genes located in the flanking regions of SNPs. SAN, which was constructed based on protein-protein interactions in the Human Protein Reference Database (HPRD), showed significantly enriched signals in both linkage disequilibrium (LD) and long-range chromatin interaction (Hi-C). We used this network to further develop two methods for predicting and prioritizing disease-associated genes from genome-wide association studies (GWASs). We found that random walk with restart (RWR) using SAN (RWR-SAN) can greatly improve the prediction of lung-cancer-associated genes by comparing RWR with the use of network in HPRD (AUC 0.81 vs 0.66). In a reanalysis of the GWAS dataset of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), SAN could identify more potential AMD-associated genes that were previously ranked lower in the GWAS study. The interactions in SAN could facilitate the study of complex diseases.
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Jankowska, Anna M., Bartlomiej P. Przychodzen, Lukasz P. Gondek, and Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski. "SNP Arrays Facilitate Genotyping of Non-Synonymous SNP in MDS To Identify Disease Susceptibility Loci." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 2421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2421.2421.
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Abstract Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal premalignant disease of hematopoietic stem cells characterized by cytopenias and predilection to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). While various exogenous factors (exemplified by chemotherapy-related MDS) constitute known risks for the development of MDS, it is possible that despite long latency, complex genetic traits contribute to MDS susceptibility. Such heritable factors include genes involving DNA repair, apoptosis, senescence, carcinogen catabolism and immune surveillance. Previously, disease association studies were mainly empiric and relied on rational selection of a very limited number of polymorphisms. Recent advances of SNP-array (SNP-A) technology allow for screening of a large number of SNPs. While some SNP-A utilize haplotype tags, custom arrays may specifically target known non-synonymous SNPs. We hypothesized that application of SNP-A genotyping may facilitate identification of potentially pathogenic SNPs. Such a screening approach is a hypothesis forming tool and our study is the first application of this technique to MDS. We have used the 13.9K non-synonymous Genotyping BeadChip (Illumina); DNA from 151 MDS patients (low risk: N=79, advanced: N=51, CMML1/2: N=21) and 99 controls (120 historical controls). In total, ∼2.4 mil genotypes were obtained. Genotype calls were computed and analyzed with Exemplar software. In the initial training Bonferroni correction was not applied. Instead as a hypothesis-forming approach we have ranked all SNPs according to their p value (automated analysis of multiplexed statistical evidence) and case/control ratio. We focused our search on the 100 highest ranking SNPs with a control frequency <5%. Globally, in the whole group 49 SNPs showed a p value of <.001, 75 SNPs present in ≤1% of controls and were found in >5% of cases. For example, the AA (rs3219484) variant of MUTYH, a gene involved in oxidative DNA repair was found in 19% of MDS vs. 2.6% of controls (p=9×10−8). To limit the impact of heterogeneity, subgroups of MDS were also analyzed separately. Among many interesting SNPs found, the AG genotype of (rs8192297) ANPEP was associated with RARS (35% vs. 15% in controls; p=.007). Similarly, the GA form of rs3730947 in DNA repair gene LIG1 was found in 11% of RARS patients (p=.00045), though it was absent in other MDS subtypes and controls. Similar, “enrichment” was observed in patients with CMML1/2, showing e.g., heterozygosity of WDR35 (rs1060742), ALPK2 (rs3809975) at the frequency of 45% and 30% (13% and 4% of controls; p=.0006, p=.0001). In sum, our study constitutes the first application of SNP-A genotyping to study susceptibility loci in MDS.
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Larsen, Knud S., David H. Groberg, Dale D. Simmons, and Reidar Ommundsen. "AUTHORITARIANISM, PERSPECTIVES ON THE ENVIRONMENT, AND WORK VALUES AMONG SOCIAL SCIENCE STUDENTS IN FORMER SOCIALIST AND WESTERN SOCIETIES." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 21, no. 3 (January 1, 1993): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1993.21.3.251.
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This is a study on differences between national samples on authoritarianism, optimism-pessimism on the environment, and work values. 755 undergraduate students in social science from the U.S.A., Bulgaria, Hungary, and Norway responded to a survey. 29% were male, 70% female, with a mean age of 22.83. Results yielded highly significant differences with respondents from former “socialist” societies scoring significantly higher on authoritarianism and environmental pessimism. Differences for work values are significant for 20 of 22 values for both self and prospective employer. A remarkable finding is the consistency between national samples for the highest ranked 5 and the lowest ranked 5 values.
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Janicki, Piotr K., Ryan Vealey, Jiabin Liu, Jeremiah Escajeda, Marek Postula, and Kelli Welker. "Genome-wide Association Study Using Pooled DNA to Identify Candidate Markers Mediating Susceptibility to Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting." Anesthesiology 115, no. 1 (July 1, 2011): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e31821810c7.
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Background A family history has been established as a risk factor for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), but the identities of susceptibility genes remain unknown. The goal of this study was to identify the genetic loci that may contribute to PONV susceptibility in an adult population. Methods The authors performed a genome-wide association study involving pooling of DNA obtained from 122 patients with severe PONV and 129 matched controls. Each pool was hybridized to a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray, and probe intensity was used to predict allele frequency. Differences in allele frequency between SNP in the PONV and control groups were ranked after accounting for the pooling error. The highest ranking SNPs were selected for individual genotyping in the subjects from whom the DNA pool was comprised and in the new verification cohort consisting of 208 subjects (104 PONV patients and 104 controls). Results The authors identified 41 SNP targets showing substantial difference in allelic frequency between pools. These markers were first genotyped in the individual DNA samples from which the pools were comprised. The authors observed evidence for an association between PONV and 19 different loci in the genome. In the separate verification cohort, the association with PONV was observed for four SNPs. This association remained significant after correcting for multiple testing (P < 0.0023) for one SNP (rs2165870), which is located upstream of the promoter for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 3 subtype (CHRM3) gene. Conclusions The authors performed the genome-wide association study for PONV using pooled DNA samples. Through individual genotyping, they confirmed association of at least one SNP that is predictive of PONV susceptibility.
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Koenig, Esther J. "SEX ROLE COMPLEMENTARITY IN JOB STEREOTYPY." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 17, no. 2 (January 1, 1989): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1989.17.2.181.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of gender and sex role on the perceived suitability of hypothetical job applicants for sex-typed jobs. Six descriptions of applicants were presented to 605 college students, who were asked to rank order them on suitability for different jobs. The questionnaire each student received had five applicants with masculine first names and one with a feminine first name. Results showed no main effect due to either job sex-type, sex role of applicants, or gender of either applicant or student-rater. Interactional analyses, however, showed that for specific applicant job pairings where male applicants were ranked differently than female applicants, a complementarity of gender and sex role was evident. Specifically, the applicant with stereotypically masculine traits was ranked high when presented as a woman, while the applicant with stereotypically feminine traits was ranked high when presented as a man. It is suggested that this interaction effect is best explained by positing that gender-related stereotypes are implicity generated and that they complement sex role characteristics of the other sex. Thus, a woman with male sex role characteristics, or a man with female sex role characteristics, is seen as more adaptable or well-rounded than applicants whose sex roles are consonant with their gender.
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Hensley, Wayne E. "ORDER OF ELICITED RESPONSES ON A QUESTIONNAIRE AS A MEASURE OF TOPIC SALIENCE." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 28, no. 6 (January 1, 2000): 603–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2000.28.6.603.
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Two studies among US college students (N1 = 88; N2 = 329) examined the relationship between the order in which responses are offered on a questionnaire and the ranked importance of those responses. Both studies found that approximately one third (32%; 31%) of the listed attributes were ranked in the order of mention. Expanding the criteria to include adjacent categories raised the overlap to about two thirds (64%; 65%). The findings of both studies were independent of gender. In addition, Study II measured topic importance/involvement among the respondents; the results indicated it was not a factor in this trend. The factor which did influence the order of mention and rankings was the number of categories used by the respondents. When more than seven categories were used, the stability of mention and rankings tended to become erratic.
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Abady, Seltene, Hussein Shimelis, Pasupuleti Janila, Shasidhar Yaduru, Admire I. T. Shayanowako, Dnyaneshwar Deshmukh, Sunil Chaudhari, and Surendra S. Manohar. "Assessment of the genetic diversity and population structure of groundnut germplasm collections using phenotypic traits and SNP markers: Implications for drought tolerance breeding." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 17, 2021): e0259883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259883.
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Profiling the genetic composition and relationships among groundnut germplasm collections is essential for the breeding of new cultivars. The objectives of this study were to assess the genetic diversity and population structure among 100 improved groundnut genotypes using agronomic traits and high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The genotypes were evaluated for agronomic traits and drought tolerance at the International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)/India across two seasons. Ninety-nine of the test genotypes were profiled with 16363 SNP markers. Pod yield per plant (PY), seed yield per plant (SY), and harvest index (HI) were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by genotype × environment interaction effects. Genotypes ICGV 07222, ICGV 06040, ICGV 01260, ICGV 15083, ICGV 10143, ICGV 03042, ICGV 06039, ICGV 14001, ICGV 11380, and ICGV 13200 ranked top in terms of pod yield under both drought-stressed and optimum conditions. PY exhibited a significant (p ≤ 0.05) correlation with SY, HI, and total biomass (TBM) under both test conditions. Based on the principal component (PC) analysis, PY, SY, HSW, shelling percentage (SHP), and HI were allocated in PC 1 and contributed to the maximum variability for yield under the two water regimes. Hence, selecting these traits could be successful for screening groundnut genotypes under drought-stressed and optimum conditions. The model-based population structure analysis grouped the studied genotypes into three sub-populations. Dendrogram for phenotypic and genotypic also grouped the studied 99 genotypes into three heterogeneous clusters. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 98% of the total genetic variation was attributed to individuals, while only 2% of the total variance was due to variation among the subspecies. The genetic distance between the Spanish bunch and Virginia bunch types ranged from 0.11 to 0.52. The genotypes ICGV 13189, ICGV 95111, ICGV 14421, and ICGV 171007 were selected for further breeding based on their wide genetic divergence. Data presented in this study will guide groundnut cultivar development emphasizing economic traits and adaptation to water-limited agro-ecologies, including in Ethiopia.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "SNP ranker"
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CALABRIA, ANDREA. "Data integration for clinical genomics." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/19219.
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Genetics and Molecular Biology are keys for the understanding the mechanisms of many of the human diseases that have strong harmful effects. The empirical mission of Genetics is to translate these mechanisms into Clinical benefits, thus bridging in-silico findings to patient bed side: approaching this goal means achieving what is commonly referred as clinical genomics or personalized medicine.
In this process, technologies are assuming an increasing role. With the introduction of new experimental platforms (microarrays, sequencing, etc), today's analyses are much more detailed and can cover a wide spectrum of applications, from gene expression to Copy Number Variants detection. The advantages of technological improvements are usually followed by data management drawbacks due to the explosion of data throughput that reflects on a real need for new systems of data rationalization and management, data access, query and extraction.
Our genetic laboratories partners encountered all those issues: what they need is a tool that allows data-integration and supports biological data analysis exploiting computational infrastructures on distributed environment.
From such needs, we defined two main goals:
(1) Computer Science goal: to design and implement a framework that integrates and manages data and genetic analyses;
(2) Genetics and Molecular Biology goal (application domains): to solve biological problems through the framework and develop new methods.
Given these requirements and related specifications, we designed an extensible framework based on three inter-connected layers: (1) Experimental data layer, that provides data integration of data from high-throughput platforms (also called horizontal data integration); (2) Knowledge data layer, that provides data integration of knowledge data (also called vertical integration); (3) Computational layer, that provides access to distributed environments for data analysis, in our cases GRID and Cluster technologies.
Above the three design blocks, single biological problems can be supported and custom user interfaces are implemented. From our partner laboratories, two main relevant biological problems have been addressed:
(1) Linkage Analysis: given a large pedigree in which subjects were genotyped with chips of 1 million of SNPs, the linkage analysis problem presented real computational limits. We designed a heuristic method to overcome computational restrictions and implemented it within our framework, exploiting GRID and Cluster environments. Using our approach, we obtained genetic results, successfully validated by end-users. We also tested performances of the system, reporting compared results.
(2) SNP selection and ranking: given the problem of ranking SNPs based on a-priori information, we developed a novel method for biological data mining on genes' annotations. The method has been implemented as a web tool, SNP Ranker, that is under deep validation by our partners laboratories.
The framework here designed and implemented demonstrated that this approach is consistent and can have potential impacts on the scientific community.
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Fernandes, Francisco José de Almeida. "Caracterização da estrutura de dependência do genoma humano usando campos markovianos: estudo de populações mundiais e dados de SNPs." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45133/tde-23032016-134721/.
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A identificação de regiões cromossômicas, ou blocos de dependência dentro do genoma humano, que são transmitidas em conjunto para seus descendentes (haplótipos) tem sido um desafio e alvo de várias iniciativas de pesquisa, muitas delas utilizando dados de plataformas de marcadores moleculares do tipo SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms - SNPs), com alta densidade dentro do DNA humano. Este trabalho faz uso de uma modelagem estocástica de campos Markovianos de alcance variável, em uma amostra estratificada de diferentes populações, para encontrar blocos de SNPs, independentes entre si, estruturando assim o genoma em regiões ilhadas de dependência. Foram utilizados dados públicos de SNPs de diferentes populações mundiais (projeto HapMap), além de uma amostra da população brasileira. As regiões de dependência configuram janelas de influência as quais foram usadas para caracterizar as diferentes populações de acordo com sua ancestralidade e os resultados obtidos mostraram que as janelas da população brasileira têm, em média, tamanho maior, evidenciando a sua história recente de miscigenação. É também proposta uma otimização da função de verossimilhança do problema para obter as janelas de consenso maximais de todas as populações. Dada uma determinada janela de consenso, uma medida de distância apropriada para variáveis categóricas, é adotada para medir sua homogeneidade/heterogeneidade. Janelas homogêneas foram identificadas na região HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) do genoma, a qual está associada à resposta imunológica. O tamanho médio dessas janelas foi maior do que a média encontrada no restante do cromossomo, confirmando a alta dependência existente nesta região, considerada como bastante conservada na evolução humana. Finalmente, considerando a distribuição dos SNPs entre as populações nas janelas mais heterogêneas, a Análise de Correspondência foi aplicada na construção de um classificador capaz de determinar o percentual relativo de ancestralidade de um indivíduo, o qual, submetido à validação, obteve uma eficiência de 90% de acerto da população originária.The identification of chromosome regions, or dependency blocks in the human genome, that are transmitted together to offspring (haploids) has been a challenge and object of several research initiatives, many of them using platforms of molecular markers such as SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms), with high density inside the human DNA. This work makes use of a stochastic modeling of Markov random fields, in a stratified sample of different populations, to find SNPs blocks, independent of each other, thus structuring the genome in stranded regions of dependency. Public data from different worldwide populations were used (HapMap project), beyond a Brazilian population. The dependence regions constitute windows of influence which were used to characterize the different populations according of their ancestry and the results showed that the Brazilian populations windows have, on average, a bigger size, showing their recent history of admixture. It is also proposed an optimization of likelihood function of the problem for the maximal windows of consensus from all populations. Given a particular window of consensus, a distance measure appropriated to categorical variables, it is adopted to evaluate its homogeneity/heterogeneity. Homogeneous windows were identified within region of genome called HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen), which is associated with the immune response. The average size of these windows was bigger than the average found in the rest of the chromosome, confirming the high dependence verified in this region, considered highly conserved in the human evolution. Finally, considering the distribution of the SNPs among the populations in the most heterogeneous windows, the Correspondence Analysis was applied to build a classifier able to determine, for a given individual, the ancestry proportion from each population considered, which, submitted to a validation, obtained a 90% accuracy of the original population.
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Elfar, Altamimi May. "Nitrate-nitrogen sufficiency ranges in leaf petiole sap of pac choi grown with organic and conventional fertilizers." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/6982.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Horticulture, Forestry, and Recreation Resources
Rhonda R. Janke
Petiole sap nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) analysis with handheld meters is a valuable tool in applying in-season nitrogen (N) for many crops. Sufficiency levels have been determined for several leafy green crops, including lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.), but not for pac choi (Brassica rapa L.). The response of pac choi to different fertilizer rates and sources [conventional and organic] has established optimal soluble N application rates and Cardy meter sufficiency ranges. Greenhouse experiments were conducted during summer and fall of 2008 in Manhattan, KS. Conventional soluble fertilizer was formulated from inorganic salts with a 4 NO3-N: 1 ammonium ratio. Phosphorus was held at 1.72mM and K at 0.83mM for all treatment levels. The organic soluble fertilizer, fish hydrolyzate (2N:1.72P:0.83K), was diluted to provide the same N levels as with conventional treatments. Both fertilizers were applied at rates of 0, 32, 75, 150, 225, 300, and 450 mg. L-1. Seedlings were transplanted and fertilizer application began at 18 days. Plants were harvested at seven weeks (five weeks post transplanting) after receiving 15 fertilizer applications during production. Samples of the most recently matured leaves were harvested weekly and analyzed for petiole sap NO3-N and leaf blade total N concentration. Leaf count, leaf length, and chlorophyll content were also measured weekly. Fresh and dry weights were determined on whole shoots and roots. Optimum yield was achieved at the 150 mg. L-1 fertility rate with both conventional and organic fertilizers. Field and high tunnel experiments were conducted during fall 2008 to validate the sufficiency ranges obtained from the greenhouse studies. Based on field and high tunnel results, sufficiency levels of NO3-N for pac choi petiole sap during weeks 2 to 3 of production were 800-1500 mg. L-1, and then dropped to 600-1000 mg. L-1 during weeks 4 through harvest for both conventional and organic fertilizers sources. These ranges could vary based on the variety of the crop, the fertility of soil, and certain environmental factors such as photoperiod, light intensity. However, we found that petiole sap nitrate always increased to the point associated with the maximum biomass, followed by a plateau where sap nitrate remained constant. This characteristic of the Cardy meter can provide the growers with a practical methodology to generate their standard curves under specific conditions to guide in-season N applications. Total N in leaf tissue showed fewer fertilizer rate effects than petiole sap NO3-N. Chlorophyll content was not useful in evaluating pac choi N status.
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Yuqiu, L., and SCD Wright. "Knowledge and awareness of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the Ga-Rankwa community." Health SA Gesondheid, 2008. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000312.
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Cardiovascular disease causes 30% of deaths globally. By comparison, infectious disease accounts for 10% of
global mortality. As these statistics indicate, cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in the
world. In South Africa, through urbanisation and changes in lifestyle and dietary habits, the prevalence of risk
factors and, by extension, the resulting morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease in black people, are
expected to increase. Owing to the natural progression of the disease, the first ‘westernised illness’ is hypertension,
which is very prevalent among the black population. Knowledge and awareness of risk factors are essential components
of behaviour change; however, little is known about the knowledge and awareness of cardiovascular disease
among the working-age people in the Ga-Rankuwa community. The purpose of the study was therefore to determine
the knowledge and awareness of the identified risk factors among the working-age people (18-40 years old) in the
Ga-Rankuwa community. The design was a quantitative survey. The study sample (n=604) was selected from zones
1, 2, 4 and 16 of Ga-Rankuwa to determine the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Only people
with an identified risk factor were included in the knowledge and awareness survey (n=551). Data was gathered from
July to October 2005. The data gathering was self-reported with a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed
using descriptive statistics and statistical analysis. The results obtained from the knowledge and awareness survey
indicate that knowledge and awareness of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease are low in the Ga-Rankuwa
community.
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Steyn, V., and PJ Funston. "Land-use and socio-spatial organization of female leopards in a semi-arid wooded savanna, Botswana." Southern African Wildlife Management Association, 2009. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001723.
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Abstract
Leopards (Panthera pardus) are the most widespread large felid, yet comparatively little is
known about their fine-scale movement patterns and how these affect the risks they face.
There has been much debate on the conservation status and management needs for
leopards with much extrapolation from limited data. In order to gather more information on
leopard movements in Botswana’s Northern Tuli Game Reserve, seven leopards were
collared between February 2005 and August 2006. This allowed key aspects that affect
demography, and thus resilience to anthropogenic effects, to be investigated. Generally,
home ranges were typical for breeding females in woodland savanna (32.9 ± 7.3 km²)
with substantial overlap (average 26.0%). Core areas though were independent and
extremely small (1.9 ± 2.2 km²). These were used primarily for young cub rearing, and were
characterized by rugged terrain along riverbeds. This highly localized use places leopards at
potential risk of snaring as snares tend to be concentrated along these landscape features.
Furthermore, hunters can conceal blinds from which to shoot leopards more easily in
these areas. Further risk to adult female survival came from excursions outside the reserve
boundary during which livestock was predated. Three incidences of cannibalism by adult
territorial males on adult females are also reported, suggesting significant intra-specific
competition.
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Yoskovitz, Guy. "Genetic Polymorphisms of RANK, RANKL and their relation to osteoporosis (Polimorfismos genéticos de RANK y RANKL y su relación con la osteoporosis)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/98294.
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Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder and the most common metabolic bone disease. It is recognized as one of the most prevalent problems facing postmenopausal women in western society. The World Health Organization definition of osteoporosis uses bone mineral density (BMD) measurements as the gold standard. The genetic complexity of BMD is incompletely defined. Bone turnover, also called bone remodelling, is a lifelong process that refers to the entire cycle of bone resorption and formation, which determines BMD.
In general, the cell biology of an adult bone includes 3 cell types, among others, that have opposite functions: osteoblasts produce the extracellular matrix that becomes mineralized; osteoclasts are responsible for the resorptive actions; and osteocytes are involved in the regulation of both resorption and formation (and are even claimed to dominate the process). A complex signal system between these 3 cell types balances their activities to avoid any over-creation or loss of bone tissue. The bone remodelling equilibrium is in part dominated by a set of protein reactions known as the RANK/RANKL/OPG system. The special importance of the Receptor Activator of NF-kappa-B (RANK) and its interaction with its ligand (RANKL) is that the RANK/RANKL complex is one of the main triggers of osteoclast differentiation and survival. Hence, in-depth analysis of variants in these 2 genes may contribute to the understanding of the genetics of BMD.
This study had 4 main objectives: (1) association analysis of putative functional SNPs in evolutionary conserved regions of the RANK and RANKL genes with BMD and the occurrence of fractures in our cohort (BARCOS). (2) Replication of previously associated SNPs, in the BARCOS cohort (3) In-silico study followed by in-vitro functional experiments of the BMD-associated SNP(s) in order to reveal its (their) role(s) in the pathological process of osteoporosis and (4) Characterization of the human RANKL promoter and regulatory regions in-silico and in-vitro.
We replicated the association of SNP rs9594738, a genetic variant at 184 kb upstream to RANKL gene, with BMD. Statistical analysis for other SNPs in the RANKL gene failed to be associated with osteoporotic phenotypes. The functional experiments’ results demonstrate that this region surrounding rs9594738, between AKAP11 and RANKL, has the capacity to regulate RANKL, with different effects on its expression in the presence or absence of vitamin D. These results suggest that it may play a role in the RANK/RANKL/OPG equilibrium, and might explain the association between the SNPs in this region and BMD. A transcript of minimum 300 bp (with rs9594738 in a central position) has been detected in this region. The existence of this RNA segment suggests its involvement in alternative functions of the region.
We also identified 2 SNPs in the RANK 3’UTR (rs78326403 and rs884205) that are associated with low trauma fractures in our cohort. SNP rs78326403 is associated with wrist/forearm fractures, while SNP rs884205 is associated with spine fractures. In addition, we observed a significant interaction between rs78326403 and the RANKL BMD-associated SNP (rs9594738), highlighting the relevance of both microarchitecture and low BMD as genetically determined predictors of fracture risk that should be assessed using multiple techniques.
To conclude, our results highlight the importance of the region between AKAP11 and RANKL on RANKL transcription regulation and suggest that it may play an important role in the RANK/RANKL/OPG equilibrium. Furthermore, the site-dependent associations in the RANK gene might be clinically relevant in the future to better profile a more specific approach to the different types of fractures, both to better understand their underlying mechanisms and to search for site-specific therapeutic strategies.La osteoporosis es la enfermedad metabólica ósea más frecuente. Está definida como un trastorno esquelético sistémico caracterizado por una disminución de la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) y alteraciones en la microarquitectura del tejido óseo, con un consecuente incremento de la fragilidad ósea y del riesgo de fractura. Su complejidad genética permanece incompletamente definida. La DMO viene marcada por un remodelado óseo basado en ciclos de resorción y formación que suceden a lo largo de toda la vida del organismo. Este proceso, está regulado en parte por un conjunto de reacciones proteicas pertenecientes al sistema conocido como RANK/RANKL/OPG. La especial importancia de RANK, así como la interacción de éste con su ligando RANKL, recae en el hecho que, son factores clave tanto en el desencadenamiento de la diferenciación como de la supervivencia osteoclástica. El estudio se centra en el análisis detallado de variantes pertenecientes a ambos genes, seguido del estudio funcional correspondiente. Se ha replicado la asociación del SNP rs9594738 con la DMO, una variante genética localizada a 184 kb 5' del gen RANKL. Los resultados del estudio funcional muestran que la región que engloba dicha variante actúa como un regulador distal de RANKL, ejerciendo efectos en su expresión que varían en presencia ó ausencia de vitamina D. Además, se identificaron dos SNPs (rs78326403 y rs884205) en el 3’UTR de RANK, asociados con fracturas por bajo traumatismo en nuestra cohorte. Por último, una interacción significativa entre rs78326403 y rs9594738 en la determinación del riesgo de fractura, pone de relieve la importancia de la DMO baja y de la microarquitectura como predictores genéticamente determinados del riesgo de fractura que se deben evaluar con el uso de diversas técnicas.
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Vogel, Laura Sanders. "The decline of Fowler's Toad (Bufo fowleri) in southern Louisiana: molecular genetics, field experiments and landscape studies." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/579.
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Two of the most pervasive threats to species biodiversity are invasive species and habitat loss and degradation. Invasive species are often relatively insensitive to disturbance and many expand their range into disturbed and fragmented habitats. This dissertation uses an interdisciplinary approach to investigate how anthropogenic habitat disturbance is precipitating a range expansion in an invasive toad species, Bufo nebulifer, which is driving a decline in its native congener, B. fowleri. I employed a remote sensing and GIS study using historical data to compare changes in the two species distributions and habitat changes, a molecular genetic study to identify interspecific hybrids and their potential effects on the parental species, and an experimental ecology study to look at the effects of competition and predation on the two species. The results of the landscape level analyses of species' distributional changes in different disturbance levels showed that both species' distributions have changed significantly. The distributions of the two species are inversely affected by habitat disturbance; the distribution of B. fowleri in highly degraded habitat has contracted while the expansion of B. nebulifer increased substantially. The molecular genetic study successfully demonstrated the use of nuclear and mitochondrial markers to identify cryptic hybrids and their maternal lineage. Three hybrids were detected using nuclear introns and a morphologically cryptic hybrid was identified using mitochondrial DNA as the progeny of a cross that was previously thought to be inviable. Although relatively few hybrids were currently found, the identification of a cryptic hybrid implies that the rate of historical hybridization may have been drastically underestimated. Ecological studies showed that competition with B. nebulifer tadpoles had a negative effect on both body size measures and survival to metamorphosis for B. fowleri tadpoles. The addition of predators to experiment did not favor the survival of B. fowleri over B. nebulifer. Bufo fowleri's inability to compete with its invasive congener could be a driving mechanism for the decline of B. fowleri and the expansion of B. nebulifer. The methods discussed in this dissertation offer promising and practical new approaches for evaluating and managing changes in the distribution of species of conservation concern.
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Kerzerho, Vincent. ""Analogue Network of Converters": a DfT Technique to Test a Complete Set of ADCs and DACs Embedded in a Complex SiP or SoC." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364546.
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Une nouvelle méthode de test pour les convertisseurs ADC et DAC embarqués dans un système complexe a été développée en prenant en compte les nouvelles contraintes affectant le test. Ces contraintes, dues aux tendances de design de systèmes, sont un nombre réduit de point d'accès aux entrées/sorties des blocs analogiques du système et une augmentation galopante du nombre et des performances des convertisseurs intégrés. La méthode proposée consiste à connecter les convertisseurs DAC et ADC dans le domaine analogique pour n'avoir besoin que d'instruments de test numériques pour générer et capturer les signaux de test. Un algorithme de traitement du signal a été développé pour discriminer les erreurs des DACs et ADCs. Cet algorithme a été validé par simulation et par expérimentation sur des produits commercialisés par NXP. La dernière partie de la thèse a consisté à développer de nouvelles applications pour l'algorithme.
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Kovařík, Tomáš. "Řízení poslechových testů pro subjektivní hodnocení kvality audio signálu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219467.
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The point of this thesis was to perform listening tests. Appropriate methods of performance were selected for these tests, tests were carried out and the data were analyzed using statistical analysis. Then was compiled the resulting interval scale from results of the first test and in the second listening test were determined average values SNR for background noises.
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Hussain, Zahir M. "Adaptive instantaneous frequency estimation: Techniques and algorithms." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36137/7/36137_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis deals with the problem of the instantaneous frequency (IF) estimation of sinusoidal signals. This topic plays significant role in signal processing and communications.
Depending on the type of the signal, two major approaches are considered. For IF estimation of single-tone or digitally-modulated sinusoidal signals (like frequency shift keying signals) the approach of digital phase-locked loops (DPLLs) is considered, and this is Part-I of this thesis. For FM signals the approach of time-frequency analysis is considered, and this is Part-II of the thesis.
In part-I we have utilized sinusoidal DPLLs with non-uniform sampling scheme as this type is widely used in communication systems. The digital tanlock loop (DTL) has introduced significant advantages over other existing DPLLs. In the last 10 years many efforts have been made to improve DTL performance. However, this loop and all of its modifications utilizes Hilbert transformer (HT) to produce a signal-independent 90-degree phase-shifted version of the input signal. Hilbert transformer can be realized approximately using a finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter. This realization introduces further complexity in the loop in addition to approximations and frequency limitations on the input signal. We have tried to avoid practical difficulties associated with the conventional tanlock scheme while keeping its advantages. A time-delay is utilized in the tanlock scheme of DTL to produce a signal-dependent phase shift. This gave rise to the time-delay digital tanlock loop (TDTL). Fixed point theorems are used to analyze the behavior of the new loop. As such TDTL combines the two major approaches in DPLLs: the non-linear approach of sinusoidal DPLL based on fixed point analysis, and the linear tanlock approach based on the arctan phase detection. TDTL preserves the main advantages of the DTL despite its reduced structure. An application of TDTL in FSK demodulation is also considered. This idea of replacing HT by a time-delay may be of interest in other signal processing systems. Hence we have analyzed and compared the behaviors of the HT and the time-delay in the presence of additive Gaussian noise.
Based on the above analysis, the behavior of the first and second-order TDTLs has been analyzed in additive Gaussian noise.
Since DPLLs need time for locking, they are normally not efficient in tracking the continuously changing frequencies of non-stationary signals, i.e. signals with time-varying spectra. Nonstationary signals are of importance in synthetic and real life applications. An example is the frequency-modulated (FM) signals widely used in communication systems. Part-II of this thesis is dedicated for the IF estimation of non-stationary signals. For such signals the classical spectral techniques break down, due to the time-varying nature of their spectra, and more advanced techniques should be utilized.
For the purpose of instantaneous frequency estimation of non-stationary signals there are two major approaches: parametric and non-parametric. We chose the non-parametric approach which is based on time-frequency analysis. This approach is computationally less expensive and more effective in dealing with multicomponent signals, which are the main aim of this part of the thesis.
A time-frequency distribution (TFD) of a signal is a two-dimensional transformation of the signal to the time-frequency domain. Multicomponent signals can be identified by multiple energy peaks in the time-frequency domain. Many real life and synthetic signals are of multicomponent nature and there is little in the literature concerning IF estimation of such signals. This is why we have concentrated on multicomponent signals in Part-H.
An adaptive algorithm for IF estimation using the quadratic time-frequency distributions has been analyzed. A class of time-frequency distributions that are more suitable for this purpose has been proposed. The kernels of this class are time-only or one-dimensional, rather than the time-lag (two-dimensional) kernels. Hence this class has been named as the T -class. If the parameters of these TFDs are properly chosen, they are more efficient than the existing fixed-kernel TFDs in terms of resolution (energy concentration around the IF) and artifacts reduction. The T-distributions has been used in the IF adaptive algorithm and proved to be efficient in tracking rapidly changing frequencies. They also enables direct amplitude estimation for the components of a multicomponent
Books on the topic "SNP ranker"
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!Guidao-Oab, J. Summer Desertification Project II (SDP 2): A study of desertification at Engelbrecht. Windhoek, Namibia: Desert Research Foundation of Namibia, 1996.
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Johnston, Anna, and Elizabeth Webby, eds. Eliza Hamilton Dunlop: Writing from the Colonial Frontier. Sydney University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30722/sup.9781743327487.
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Eliza Hamilton Dunlop (1796–1880) arrived in Sydney in 1838 and became almost immediately notorious for her poem “The Aboriginal Mother,” written in response to the infamous Myall Creek massacre. She published more poetry in colonial newspapers during her lifetime, but for the century following her death her work was largely neglected. In recent years, however, critical interest in Dunlop has increased, in Australia and internationally and in a range of fields, including literary studies; settler, postcolonial and imperial studies; and Indigenous studies. This stimulating collection of essays by leading scholars considers Dunlop's work from a range of perspectives and includes a new selection of her poetry.
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Feldman, Kristyn E., and Joshua Biddle. Babesiosis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0164.
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Babesiosis is a zoonotic, tick-transmitted infection caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Babesia. Although over 100 Babesia spp. may infect a broad range of both domesticated and wild animals worldwide, only a handful have been observed to infect man. Human illness can range from an asymptomatic, subclinical infection to severe, fulminant disease resulting in death. Definitive laboratory diagnosis can be made by blood smears or serological evaluation by immunologic or molecular methods. The longstanding treatment regimen of choice for most Babesia spp. infections is oral quinine plus intravenous clindamycin.
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Australian Politics and Policy: 2021 Senior Edition. 2nd ed. Sydney University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30722/sup.9781743328415.
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The first completely customisable, open access textbook on Australian politics, Australian Politics and Policy provides a unique, holistic coverage of politics and public topics for use in junior and senior university courses. With an online database of 43 chapters, the book innovatively enables instructors to compile a bespoke edition to suit their teaching needs, or to include individual chapters in course readers. With contributions from Australia’s leading politics and public-policy scholars, the textbook includes material on Australian political history and philosophy, key political institutions, Australian political sociology, public policy making in Australia, and specialised chapters on a range of key policy domains. Each chapter was subject to anonymous and rigorous peer-review to ensure the highest standards. The textbook comes with additional teaching resources including review questions and lecture slides. This second edition contains a number of revisions and new chapters on educational policy, the governance of COVID-19, and political leadership.
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Australian Politics and Policy: 2021 Junior Edition. 2nd ed. Sydney University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30722/sup.9781743328439.
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The first completely customisable, open access textbook on Australian politics, Australian Politics and Policy provides a unique, holistic coverage of politics and public topics for use in junior and senior university courses. With an online database of 43 chapters, the book innovatively enables instructors to compile a bespoke edition to suit their teaching needs, or to include individual chapters in course readers. With contributions from Australia’s leading politics and public-policy scholars, the textbook includes material on Australian political history and philosophy, key political institutions, Australian political sociology, public policy making in Australia, and specialised chapters on a range of key policy domains. Each chapter was subject to anonymous and rigorous peer-review to ensure the highest standards. The textbook comes with additional teaching resources including review questions and lecture slides. This second edition contains a number of revisions and new chapters on educational policy, the governance of COVID-19, and political leadership.
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Welsh, Brandon C., and Sema A. Taheri. What Have We Learned from Environmental Criminology for the Prevention of Crime? Edited by Gerben J. N. Bruinsma and Shane D. Johnson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190279707.013.31.
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A recent study of the role of theory in modern-day crime prevention makes the case that situational crime prevention (SCP), compared to the two other major crime prevention strategies of developmental and community prevention, has had a greater influence on practice. This chapter surveys environmental criminology’s contribution to the prevention of crime. It does so through the lens of SCP and its highly influential classification system. As one of the major crime prevention strategies, SCP is an organizing concept for a wide range of theories that contribute to, and practices focused on, “reducing opportunities for highly specific forms of crime.” To ensure its coverage has some breadth and depth, the chapter draws upon leading empirical and narrative reviews of the effectiveness of SCP as well as more recent studies in the published literature.
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Barrow, Lorna, and Jonathan Wooding, eds. Memory and Foresight in the Celtic World. Sydney University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30722/sup.9781743327159.
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Memory and Foresight in the Celtic World delves deep into the experience of Celtic communities and individuals in the late medieval period through to the modern age. Its thirteen essays range widely, from Scottish soldiers in France in the fifteenth century to Gaelic-speaking communities in rural New South Wales in the twentieth, and expatriate Irish dancers in the twenty-first. Connecting them are the recurring themes of memory and foresight: how have Celtic communities maintained connections to the past while keeping an eye on the future? Chapters explore language loss and preservation in Celtic countries and among Celtic migrant communities, and the influence of Celtic culture on writers such as Dylan Thomas and James Joyce. In Australia, how have Irish, Welsh and Scottish migrants engaged with the politics and culture of their home countries, and how has the idea of a Celtic identity changed over time? Drawing on anthropology, architecture, history, linguistics, literature and philosophy, Memory and Foresight in the Celtic World offers diverse, thought-provoking insights into Celtic culture and identity.
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Oulton, Carolyn W. de la L. Down from London. Liverpool University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781800854611.001.0001.
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In the first hundred years of the UK railway, the seaside figures as a nerve centre, managing and making visible the period’s complex interplay between health, death, gender and sexuality. The monograph discusses around 130 novels to show how the seaside infiltrates a diverse range of literature, subverting the boundaries between high and low literary culture. The seaside holiday galvanises innovative literary forms, including early 20th century holiday crime and romance fiction, which has its origins in the sensational strategies of mid-19th century authors. Where reading takes place is at least as important as what is read, and case studies on literary Brighton and the Kentish Dickens Country explore the occasionally fraught relationship between seaside towns and the metropolis, as London visitors are represented in – and are the target audience for – literary accounts of the seaside holiday. The act of reading by the sea is itself overdetermined and problematic, a dilemma that is managed in part through the development of text-free literary tourism in the late 19th century. Deploying strategies from literary criticism, histories of reading, libraries and the book, and literary tourism, the monograph recovers ‘seaside reading’ as both a literary sub-genre and a deeply contested mode of engagement.
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Fraser, Benjamin. Visible Cities, Global Comics. University Press of Mississippi, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496825032.001.0001.
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The story of comics is also the story of the modern city. Visible Cities, Global Comics thus makes urban contribution to an interdisciplinary phase in comics studies. Striking a balance between descriptive, historical, analytical and theoretical modes, Fraser’s research monograph explores representations of the city in a selection of comics from across the globe. First, this book brings insights from urban theory to bear on specific comics texts; and second, it uses comics texts to elucidate themes of urbanism, architecture, planning and the cultures of cities in works from the 18th through the 21st centuries. Throughout, close readings of comics by artists from a range of locations—Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, England, France, Holland, Japan, Norway, Spain, Switzerland, the United States, and Uruguay—contribute to an exploration of larger urban themes. Chapters include “The Modern City Streets” (ch. 1), “The Passions of Everyday Urban Life” (ch. 2), “Urban Planning, Built Environment and the Structure of Cities” (ch. 3), “Architecture, Materiality and the Tactile City” (ch. 4), and “Danger, Disease and Death in the Graphic Urban Imagination” (ch. 5). Fraser’s writing presumes no previous knowledge of either urban theory or the ninth art. Readers are introduced to names, places, historical events, urban thinkers, and formal elements of the comics medium with which they may not be familiar. In the process, each chapter introduces readers to specific comics artists and texts and investigates a range of matters pertaining to the medium’s spatial form, stylistic variation, and cultural prominence.
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Mounsey, K. E., and S. F. Walton. Scabies and other mite infections. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0073.
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Acariasis in humans and animals is caused by a diversity of parasitic mites taxonomically grouped into the class Arachnida, subclass Acari. The zoonotic species that can transfer from birds and animals to man (e.g. Cheyletiella spp; Dermanyssus spp and Ornithonyssus spp) are important in that they often cause major skin irritation or a hypersensitivity reactions or alternatively act as vectors of diseases such as scrub typhus. Like ticks the lifecycle of mites involves four life stages of development. The female mite lays eggs on the host or in the environment; the eggs hatch into larvae and pass through two nymphal stages. All stages have eight legs except the six-legged larva. Transmission is predominantly via direct contact between hosts; however fomites have been recognised as a potential source of infestation although the importance of this is variable and dependent on the ability of the mite to survive in the environment. The geographic range of most zoonotic species is worldwide although some varieties may be rare or non-existent in some countries. No developmental change or propagation of the organism occurs during the transmission.
Book chapters on the topic "SNP ranker"
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Lawlor, William. "Number Ranges." In Common SAP R/3 Functions Manual, 227–36. London: Springer London, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-370-1_7.
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Rocheva, Anna, Evgeni Varshaver, and Nataliya Ivanova. "Targeting on Social Networking Sites as Sampling Strategy for Online Migrant Surveys: The Challenge of Biases and Search for Possible Solutions." In IMISCOE Research Series, 35–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01319-5_3.
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AbstractChoosing a methodology for migrant surveys usually is a complicated issue for a number of reasons, including the lack of information about sampling frames, and migrants’ status as a hard-to-reach population. The spread of social media usage among migrants has led researchers to look at the potential that Social Networking Sites (SNS) have for migration studies with respect to extracting and analyzing big data, conducting ethnography online, and reaching migrant respondents through SNS advertising. While the advantages of sampling migrants using SNS and surveying them online are clear, the drawbacks of this method—and, even more so, the potential solutions—constitute an almost unexplored field. In this chapter, we address one of the most significant challenges of using this strategy by exploring the biases it may present and the possible ways to resolve them. We use data from five SNS-based migrant surveys conducted during 2016–2018 with various groups of migrants and their adult children (second generation migrants) from Central Asian and Transcaucasian countries in Russia (with N varying from 302 to 12,524). After describing the procedure of surveying migrants with targeting on SNS, we outline the major biases, delineate possible solutions, and demonstrate how some of them—namely weighting based on dropout analysis and external validation—can work regarding the material from one of the surveys. We conclude that, at present, the range of biases remains more considerable than our opportunities to adjust for them, and so it may be time to concede this, and instead direct research efforts to exploring other approaches to data analysis and presentation that are more suitable for contexts of uncertainty—for example, fuzzy set theory and Bayesian statistics. This chapter contributes to the advancement of the emerging field of “tech-savvy” migration studies while signposting its bottlenecks and gains, as well as laying out directions for future research.
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M. Markad, Kanif, and Nilesh Tiwari. "Study of Temperature Variation over Shape Memory Polymer Hybrid Composite under Transverse Loading." In Soft Robotics - Recent Advances and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107988.
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The chapter presents a nonlinear bending analysis of layered shape memory polymer composite beams under the influence of uniformly distributed transverse load. Simplified Co continuity Finite Element Method based on Higher Order Shear Deformation Theory has been adopted for bending analysis of shape memory polymer composite (SMPC) and shape memory polymer nanocomposite sandwich (SMPNCS) beam. The numerical solutions are obtained by the iterative Newton-Raphson method with Von-Karman nonlinear kinematics. Material properties of SMPC with shape memory polymer (SMP) as matrix and carbon fiber as reinforcements have been calculated by the theory of volume averaging. The effect of temperature on SMP, SMPC, SMP hybrid composite, and SMPNCS has been evaluated for various parameters such as aspect ratio, number of layers, boundary conditions, the volume fraction of carbon fiber, and laminate stacking orientation. The present study provides a detailed explanation of the influence of various parameters on the bending of SMPC and hybrid beam for large strain over a wide range of temperatures, which encompasses the glass transition region (Tg) of SMP. The deflection of the beam over this range of temperature indicates the elastic behavior of SMPC before and after its glass transition region due to constant modulus.
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Ding, Jupeng, Chih-Lin I, and Lili Wang. "Visible Light Wireless Data Center Links with Distinct Beam Configurations." In Proceedings of CECNet 2021. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia210439.
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Visible light communication (VLC) is being explored as one promising approach to enable wireless data centers (WDC). Up to now, the visible light wireless data center links are still limited to the conventional Lambertian beam paradigm. The potential coverage gain relevant to the optical beam space is waiting for sufficient investigation. For addressing this issue, in this paper, the dynamic optical beam based WDC coverage enhancement scheme is introduced, and for each transmitter, the best candidate asymmetrical optical beam is selected to load the data signal. Numerical evaluation shows that, compared with the conventional static beam configuration, up to 6.76 dB peak signal to noise ratio (SNR) gain and 4.46 dB average SNR gain could be provided by the proposed dynamic beam scheme. Moreover, this SNR dynamic range is reduced to 36.65 dB while the counterpart of the static non-Lambertian beam configuration is up to 44.78 dB.
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Tuba, Györgyi, Ferenc Molnár, David H. Watkinson, Peter C. Jones, and Aberra Mogessie. "Hydrothermal Vein and Alteration Assemblages Associated with Low-Sulfide Footwall Cu-Ni-PGE Mineralization and Regional Hydrothermal Processes, North and East Ranges, Sudbury Structure, Canada." In The Challenge of Finding New Mineral ResourcesGlobal Metallogeny, Innovative Exploration, and New Discoveries. Society of Economic Geologists, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/sp.15.2.12.
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Wani, Showkat Ahmad, Zahid Ashraf Wani, and Aamir Rehman Bhat. "Identification and Evaluation of Quality of Open Access Journals Cited by Researchers of MIT, CIT and STANFORD." In Ubiquitous Inclusive Learning in a Digital Era, 179–98. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6292-4.ch008.
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The study focuses on the top 3 institutions of the USA as ranked by the Times Higher Education University rankings and was keen to identify the quality of fully Open Access (OA) journals cited by the researchers of these institutes in the field of physics. Quality evaluation of identified OA journals was done by applying performance indicators viz: 5-year IF, SNIP and Eigen factor. It was found that these fully identified OA journals have decent 5-year IF, SNIP factor and Eigen factor, which indicates that OA journals are evolving as qualitative channels of scholarly communications. The study implicates that researchers, R&D institutions, libraries and information dissemination centres or anyone should make use of OA resources, and a good chunk of OA journals are at par with journals which are Toll-Access journals. Besides, it also reveals that OA publishing should be strengthened by whatever means necessary.
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Chelle-Michou, Cyril, and Bertrand Rottier. "Transcrustal Magmatic Controls on the Size of Porphyry Cu Systems: State of Knowledge and Open Questions." In Tectonomagmatic Influences on Metallogeny and Hydrothermal Ore Deposits: A Tribute to Jeremy P. Richards (Volume I), 87–100. Society of Economic Geologists, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/sp.24.06.
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Abstract Porphyry Cu deposits range over five orders of magnitude in size (<0.01 to >100 Mt of contained Cu) despite common and reproducible ore-forming processes across continents and geologic times. The formation and size of these deposits are thought to be controlled by the optimal alignment of commonplace geologic, physical, and chemical processes. However, the relative weight of such processes in modulating the size of porphyry Cu deposits remains poorly quantified. Over the last few decades, new geologic and experimental data, analytical developments, and improved numerical models of deep and upper-crustal magmatic reservoirs have provided new insights into the chemical and physical evolution of transcrustal magmatic systems that lead to the formation of porphyry Cu deposits. Available data show that porphyry Cu deposits are formed by large volumes of hydrothermal fluids outgassed from a cyclically rejuvenated upper-crustal magma reservoir composed of intermediate to felsic magmas derived from the differentiation of primitive arc basalts in the lower crust. This transcrustal view of the magmatic system implies that physical and chemical processes taking place during (1) the generation of intermediate to felsic magmas in the lower crust, (2) their subsequent ascent, followed by (3) cooling, crystallization, fluid exsolution, and outgassing in the upper crust can strongly influence the size of the resulting porphyry deposits. Here we show that most chemical factors that affect the fertility of magmatic systems are preset during magmatic differentiation in the deep crust. Importantly, these chemical processes are not specific to porphyry-forming magmas but are in fact characteristic of intermediate arc magmas in general. Within geologically permissible ranges, the chemical fertility of arc magmas can modulate the size of porphyry Cu deposits within one order of magnitude, insufficient to explain the full range of Cu endowment observed in these deposits. In contrast, physical aspects such as the lifetime (i.e., the combined duration of magma accumulation and crystallization) and volume of an effective magma body appear to be the major controls on the size of porphyry Cu deposits. The efficiency of the magmatic system refers to its ability to outgas fluids in a focused manner and yet avoid a catastrophic explosive volcanic eruption during incremental growth of the system through successive magma recharges. The intrusive magma flux, thermal gradient, and rheological state of the intruded crust all appear to be the major factors that influence the formation and size of the effective magma body, and thus, the formation and size of porphyry Cu deposits. We highlight the role of long-lived transcrustal arc maturation in developing this physical fertility and argue that the understanding of magmatic systems associated with porphyry deposits from a physical point of view will be the key to the definition of new exploration guidelines for giant porphyry Cu deposits.
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Lee, Well-Shen, Daniel J. Kontak, Jeremy P. Richards, Tony Barresi, and Robert A. Creaser. "Superimposed Porphyry Systems in the Dawson Range, Yukon." In Tectonomagmatic Influences on Metallogeny and Hydrothermal Ore Deposits: A Tribute to Jeremy P. Richards (Volume I), 29–48. Society of Economic Geologists, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/sp.24.03.
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ABSTRACT Superimposed porphyry systems are a subset of telescoped porphyry deposits, whereby significantly younger ore zones overprint older, nongenetically related systems. Recognition of superimposed features in porphyry systems is important for determining and assessing their prospectivity. The Mount Nansen gold corridor in the southern Dawson Range gold belt of Yukon, Canada, contains porphyry prospects and epithermal deposits with enigmatic genetic models. Geologic, petrologic, temporal (U-Pb zircon, Re-Os molybdenite), and geochemical (whole-rock) studies are used to demonstrate the presence of superimposed porphyry systems in this district. The arc-related episodic magmatism of the Mount Nansen gold corridor has been classified into four intrusive suites: (1) Late Triassic Minto, (2) mid-Cretaceous Whitehorse, (3) Late Cretaceous Casino (eLKc; 80–72 Ma), and (4) Late Cretaceous Prospector Mountain (lLKp; 72–65 Ma). Geochemical fingerprinting of these suites indicates intermediate to evolved, calc-alkaline compositions with a common lower crust melt source. The eLKc and lLKp suites lack an Eu anomaly and show increasing amounts of light rare earth element (LREE) enrichment and heavy rare earth element (HREE) depletion over time. These features suggest that garnet was stable in the melt source and oxidized magmas were generated in these Late Cretaceous suites. The mildly alkaline lLKp and associated Carmacks Group shoshonitic basalts reflect localized extension in an overall compressive arc setting in the Mount Nansen gold corridor, hence a setting conducive for Au-rich porphyry and epithermal systems. The ca. 79 to 72 Ma Casino suite is commonly interpreted as the causative magmatic event for most well-endowed porphyry deposits (76 to 74 Ma in age) in the Dawson Range gold belt. However, our detailed study of the Klaza setting shows that at this locality, intermediate-sulfidation epithermal veins are a distal expression of a Prospector Mountain-age (ca. 71 Ma) porphyry system, which overprints two Casino-age porphyry systems (ca. 77 and 80 Ma). The Mount Nansen gold corridor thus hosts at least two spatially and temporally overprinting Late Cretaceous magmatic-hydrothermal systems in the Dawson Range gold belt. Importantly, recognition of this feature at other porphyry deposit settings in the Dawson Range gold belt (e.g., Freegold Mountain district) is critical as it provides the potential for metal (Cu-Au-Mo)-enriched hypogene ore shells.
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Kocakoç, Ipek Deveci, and Pınar Özkan. "Clubhouse Experience." In Data Mining Approaches for Big Data and Sentiment Analysis in Social Media, 244–64. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8413-2.ch011.
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Clubhouse is an invitation-only social networking application that differs from the usual social media platforms in that it is “audio only.” In this chapter, the sentiments in the social media messages about Clubhouse in the classic SMPs are examined by supervised learning (by using Hugging Face Transformer Library), and the user feelings are analyzed. Because Turkey is in the first ranks among European countries in terms of both the number of social media users and the number of messages, the analysis is conducted using the Turkish users. Mentions of Clubhouse have begun on Twitter and Sourtimes platforms in Turkey in early 2021. In this study, the aim is to demonstrate how Clubhouse, a new and different SMP, is evaluated by Twitter and Sourtimes users and to reveal user thoughts about this SMP along the timeline by using sentiment analysis.
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Simmons, Stuart F., Benjamin M. Tutolo, Shaun L. L. Barker, Richard J. Goldfarb, and François Robert. "Chapter 38: Hydrothermal Gold Deposition in Epithermal, Carlin, and Orogenic Deposits." In Geology of the World’s Major Gold Deposits and Provinces, 823–45. Society of Economic Geologists, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/sp.23.38.
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Abstract Epithermal, Carlin, and orogenic Au deposits form in diverse geologic settings and over a wide range of depths, where Au precipitates from hydrothermal fluids in response to various physical and chemical processes. The compositions of Au-bearing sulfidic hydrothermal solutions across all three deposit types, however, are broadly similar. In most cases, they comprise low-salinity waters, which are reduced, have a near-neutral pH, and CO2 concentrations that range from <4 to >10 wt %. Experimental studies show that the main factor controlling the concentration of Au in hydrothermal solutions is the concentration of reduced S, and in the absence of Fe-bearing minerals, Au solubility is insensitive to temperature. In a solution containing ~300 ppm H2S, the maximum concentration of Au is ~1 ppm, representing a reasonable upper limit for many ore-forming solutions. Where Fe-bearing minerals are being converted to pyrite, Au solubility decreases as temperature cools due to the decreasing concentration of reduced S. High Au concentrations (~500 ppb) can also be achieved in strongly oxidizing and strongly acidic chloride solutions, reflecting chemical conditions that only develop during intense hydrolytic leaching in magmatic-hydrothermal high-sulfidation epithermal environments. Gold is also soluble at low to moderate levels (10–100 ppb) over a relatively wide range of pH values and redox states. The chemical mechanisms which induce Au deposition are divided into two broad groups. One involves achieving states of Au supersaturation through perturbations in solution equilibria caused by physical and chemical processes, involving phase separation (boiling), fluid mixing, and pyrite deposition via sulfidation of Fe-bearing minerals. The second involves the sorption of ionic Au on to the surfaces of growing sulfide crystals, mainly arsenian pyrite. Both groups of mechanisms have capability to produce ore, with distinct mineralogical and geochemical characteristics. Gold transport and deposition processes in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand, show how ore-grade concentrations of Au can accumulate by two different mechanisms of precipitation, phase separation and sorption, in three separate hydrothermal environments. Phase separation caused by flashing, induced by depressurization and associated with energetic fluid flow in geothermal wells, produces sulfide precipitates containing up to 6 wt.% Au from a hydrothermal solution containing a few ppb Au. Sorption on to As-Sb-S colloids produces precipitates containing tens to hundreds of ppm Au in the Champagne Pool hot spring. Sorption on to As-rich pyrite also leads to anomalous endowments of Au of up to 1 ppm in hydrothermally altered volcanic rocks occurring in the subsurface. In all of these environments, Au-undersaturated solutions produce anomalous concentrations of Au that match and surpass typical ore-grade concentrations, indicating that near-saturated concentrations of dissolved metal are not a prerequisite for generating economic deposits of Au. The causes of Au deposition in epithermal deposits are related to sharp temperature-pressure gradients that induce phase separation (boiling) and mixing. In Carlin deposits, Au deposition is controlled by surface chemistry and sorption processes on to rims of As-rich pyrite. In orogenic deposits, at least two Au-depositing mechanisms appear to produce ore; one involves phase separation and the other involves sulfidation reactions during water-rock interaction that produces pyrite; a third mechanism involving codeposition of Au-As in sulfides might also be important. Differences in the regimes of hydrothermal fluid flow combined with mechanisms of Au precipitation play an important role in shaping the dimensions and geometries of ore zones. There is also a strong link between Au-depositing mechanisms and metallurgical characteristics of ores.
Conference papers on the topic "SNP ranker"
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Klymyshyn, Nicholas, Kevin Kadooka, Casey Spitz, and James Fitzpatrick. "An Estimate of Spent Nuclear Fuel Mechanical Loads in the General 30 cm Package Drop Scenario." In ASME 2022 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84353.
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Abstract The US Department of Energy Spent Fuel and Waste Science and Technology (SFWST) program is performing research to determine the mechanical loading conditions applied to spent nuclear fuel (SNF) during normal conditions of transport to inform mechanical tests of SNF and close an important knowledge gap related to the practical disposition of SNF in the US. Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) have completed an extensive finite element study to characterize and estimate the potential mechanical loads on SNF during a hypothetical 30 cm drop of an SNF transportation package. This modeling study is validated with test data collected by the SFWST program during a physical test campaign that included one-third scale package drop tests and full-scale single fuel assembly drop tests. The test campaign was led by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and included international collaboration with Equipos Nucleares S.A, S.M.E (ENSA) and Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM). The key contribution of the modeling study is to go beyond the limitations of the limited number of physical tests to estimate the impact response to variations in impact angle, initial gap conditions, fuel assembly design, burnup and other parameters that affect the mechanical loads. The methodology of this study included a classic parametric study to calculate the impact response of highly detailed fuel assemblies over many combinations of parameters. Models of a 17 × 17 pressurized water reactor fuel assembly and a generic 10 × 10 boiling water reactor fuel assembly were both used in this study to cover the major fuel assembly types in the US inventory. Over 2,000 impact responses were calculated. The results of the parametric study were evaluated using traditional methods and basic statistics. The results were also used to construct a damage model using multiple nonlinear regression techniques to predict the mechanical loads over the full range of all input parameters. The damage model was found to work very well for all impact angle cases where the cask came to rest on its side. It was concluded that end drop cases where the cask remained vertical (instead of tipping over onto its side) were not sufficiently characterized by the current set of parametric study cases to include in the damage model, but it was not a priority to fully investigate that range because the highest mechanical loads were observed in the broader range of side impact cases. This modeling work provides sufficient insight into the mechanical loads on SNF during a hypothetical 30 cm package drop that, when considered along with the physical test data collected by the SNL-led team, the SFSWT program can consider the knowledge gap closed.
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Arienzo, Loredana, and Maurizio Longo. "Posterior Cramér-Rao bound for range-based target tracking in sensor networks." In 2009 IEEE/SP 15th Workshop on Statistical Signal Processing (SSP). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssp.2009.5278520.
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Lung-Yut-Fong, A., C. Levy-Leduc, and O. Cappe. "Distributed detection/localization of network anomalies using rank tests." In 2009 IEEE/SP 15th Workshop on Statistical Signal Processing (SSP). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssp.2009.5278463.
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Fa, Rui, Rodrigo C. de Lamare, and Sheng Li. "Reduced-rank STAP algorithm for adaptive radar based on basis-functions approximation." In 2009 IEEE/SP 15th Workshop on Statistical Signal Processing (SSP). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssp.2009.5278631.
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Vandereycken, Bart, P. A. Absil, and Stefan Vandewalle. "Embedded geometry of the set of symmetric positive semidefinite matrices of fixed rank." In 2009 IEEE/SP 15th Workshop on Statistical Signal Processing (SSP). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssp.2009.5278558.
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Hsu, Wei-Ting, Tzu-Ching Chuang, Wen-Yang Hsu, Krish Sharman, and Ray-Yeng Yang. "An Experimental Study of Snap Loads on a Vertical Hanging Cable System." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-96424.
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Abstract Sudden snap events on mooring lines and hanging cables can cause spikes in tension, resulting in reduced safety factors during extreme events. For example, the mooring system of a floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) can be exposed to wave-induced motions making the former vulnerable to snap type impact. Suitable criteria to define snap events are still largely unclear, making current design practices overly conservative. To understand the underlying physics of snap loads on a mooring line system, this paper presents a theoretical development and an experimental parametric study of snap events. The effects of the nonlinearity of bilinear line stiffness and hydrodynamic drag force, as well as the weight of payload on snap events are investigated using the vertical hanging cable model. This cable model includes two springs in series and a payload. The bilinear spring model is designed to create nonlinear dynamic tension. A total of 108 tests were conducted in the wave tank of Tainan Hydraulic Laboratory. The excitation amplitude ranges from 0.01 to 0.04m; excitation time period ranges from 0.5 to 2s; the weight of payload ranges from 6.13 to 18.95N. The tests carried out in water are compared to those conducted in air. It is seen that the hydrodynamic drag force together with the small pretension could result in larger normalized tension ranges.
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Lei Wang and Rodrigo C. de Lamare. "Adaptive reduced-rank constrained constant modulus beamforming algorithms based on joint iterative optimization of filters." In 2009 IEEE/SP 15th Workshop on Statistical Signal Processing (SSP). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssp.2009.5278615.
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Butaud, Pauline, Morvan Ouisse, and Emmanuel Foltête. "Damping Control in a Sandwich Structure With SMP Core." In ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-8844.
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A shape memory polymer (SMP), the tBA/PEGDMA, is elaborated and characterized. The dynamic mechanical characterization of this SMP highlights promising damping properties. The frequency and temperature dependency of the SMP is represented by a viscoelastic model allowing the introduction of the material in the design process of complex structures. A composite sandwich is developed by coupling the SMP with aluminum skins. A finite element model is developed for modeling the behavior of the SMP when integrated in a sandwich structure. The damping performances obtained by the numerical approach are validated experimentally using modal analysis. The experimental results are found to be in good agreement with the predictions of the finite element model. Furthermore, it is found that the controlled heating of the SMP core allows damping the structure over a wide frequency range. The SMP core temperature is tuned from the time-temperature superposition through a calibration curve to correspond to optimal values of damping ratio in the frequency range of interest; a vibration attenuation of about 20dB is observed.
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Yoon, Changwook, Hyunjeong Park, Joungho Kim, Junwoo Lee, and Youngjin Park. "Design of UWB Transceiver SiP for Short Range Communication." In 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isemc.2007.187.
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Ferdous, C. M. Refaul, Amanda Kulhawy, Jessica Farrell, Chris Beaudin, Anthony Payoe, and Lily Li. "Risk Assessment for Small Diameter Piping for Liquid Pipeline Facilities." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78182.
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The Enbridge Liquids Pipeline system is comprised of a large number of facilities including storage terminals, pump stations, injection sites, and delivery sites. Given the vast amount of small diameter piping (SDP) within company Pipeline facilities, SDP represents a significant portion of total facility integrity risk. An event such as equipment failure or product release can cause significant business impacts, and adverse consequences to the environment and/or safety of operations personnel. A quantitative risk based approach is required in order to establish robust, risk-based plans and programs to maintain the integrity of these SDP sections. Small diameter piping lengths are relatively short. Consequently, it is impractical to use SDP length as a unit of likelihood and risk measure. Instead, the preferred methodology is to determine the total number of assemblies for each type of SDP. In support of this approach, an inventory of SDP sections throughout the system has been gathered. For illustrative purposes, an example of a small diameter section would be a pressure transmitter branch connection. The isolatable section that would be risk assessed would start from the surface of the main station piping connection and continue up to the transmitter. This paper presents the framework for likelihood and consequence assessment of SDP based on the system description above. This framework quantitatively estimates the risk of SDP failure and risk-ranks SDP sections in support of implementing and establishing a system wide Risk Based Inspection and Maintenance program for SDP.
Reports on the topic "SNP ranker"
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Adams, Caitlin J., Baishakhi Bose, Ethan Mann, Kendra A. Erk, Ali Behnood, Alberto Castillo, Fabian B. Rodriguez, Yu Wang, and Jan Olek. Superabsorbent Polymers for Internally Cured Concrete. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317366.
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Two commercial superabsorbent polymer (SAP) formulations were used to internally cure cement pastes, mortars, and concretes with a range of water-to-cement ratios (w/c 0.35–0.52). The following properties were determined as a function of cement chemistry and type, use of chemical admixtures, use of slag, and batching parameters: SAP absorption capacity, fresh mixture workability and consistency, degree of hydration, volumetric stability, cracking tendency, compressive and flexural strength, and pumpability. SAP internal curing agents resulted in cementitious mixtures with improved hydration, accelerated strength gain, greater volumetric stability, and improved cracking resistance while maintaining sufficient workability to be pumped and placed without sacrificing compressive or flexural strength. When using SAP, batching adjustments prioritized the use of water reducing admixture instead of extra water to tune workability. While the benefits of SAP internal curing agents for low w/c mixtures were expected, SAP-containing mixtures with w/c ≥ 0.42 displayed accelerated strength development and decreased cracking tendency.
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Subedi, Ramesh. Studying Short-Range Correlations with the 12C(e,e'pn) Reaction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/955745.
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Tarko, Andrew P., Jose Thomaz, and Mario Romero. SNIP Light User Manual. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317136.
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A systemic approach to identifying road locations that exhibit safety problems was provided by the Safety Needs Identification Program (SNIP and SNIP2) developed by the Purdue University Center for Road Safety (CRS). The new version SNIP Light has been developed to provide other uses with planning level traffic safety analysis capability for a wider range of uses including Metropolitan Planning Agencies (MPOs) who want the tool for planning cost-effective safety programs in their metropolitan areas. The SNIP Light reduces the demand of computing and data storage resources and replaces the SQL server database system an integrated module coded in-house which is considerably faster than the original component. Furthermore, certain proficiency required to install and use the old version is no longer needed thanks to the intuitive single-window interface and executing file operations in the background without the user’s involvement. Some operations, such as optimizing funding of safety projects, are removed to simplify the tool.
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Korover, Igor. Study of short-range correlation in nuclei via measurement of the 4He(,ee'pp) and 4He(e,e'pn) reaction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1190864.
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Prof. Brent Fultz and Dr. Doug Abernathy. ARCS A wide-Anglular Range Chopper Spectrometer at the SNS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/835574.
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Sheyor, Ran. Investigation of Proton-Proton Short-Range Correlations via the 12C(e,e'pp) Reaction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/955696.
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Cucuringu, Mihai. Sync-rank: Robust Ranking, Constrained Ranking and Rank Aggregation via Eigenvector and SDP Synchronization. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada625017.
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Jorgensen, Frieda, Andre Charlett, Craig Swift, Anais Painset, and Nicolae Corcionivoschi. A survey of the levels of Campylobacter spp. contamination and prevalence of selected antimicrobial resistance determinants in fresh whole UK-produced chilled chickens at retail sale (non-major retailers). Food Standards Agency, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.xls618.
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Campylobacter spp. are the most common bacterial cause of foodborne illness in the UK, with chicken considered to be the most important vehicle for this organism. The UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) agreed with industry to reduce Campylobacter spp. contamination in raw chicken and issued a target to reduce the prevalence of the most contaminated chickens (those with more than 1000 cfu per g chicken neck skin) to below 10 % at the end of the slaughter process, initially by 2016. To help monitor progress, a series of UK-wide surveys were undertaken to determine the levels of Campylobacter spp. on whole UK-produced, fresh chicken at retail sale in the UK. The data obtained for the first four years was reported in FSA projects FS241044 (2014/15) and FS102121 (2015 to 2018). The FSA has indicated that the retail proxy target for the percentage of highly contaminated raw whole retail chickens should be less than 7% and while continued monitoring has demonstrated a sustained decline for chickens from major retailer stores, chicken on sale in other stores have yet to meet this target. This report presents results from testing chickens from non-major retailer stores (only) in a fifth survey year from 2018 to 2019. In line with previous practise, samples were collected from stores distributed throughout the UK (in proportion to the population size of each country). Testing was performed by two laboratories - a Public Health England (PHE) laboratory or the Agri-Food & Biosciences Institute (AFBI), Belfast. Enumeration of Campylobacter spp. was performed using the ISO 10272-2 standard enumeration method applied with a detection limit of 10 colony forming units (cfu) per gram (g) of neck skin. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to selected antimicrobials in accordance with those advised in the EU harmonised monitoring protocol was predicted from genome sequence data in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates The percentage (10.8%) of fresh, whole chicken at retail sale in stores of smaller chains (for example, Iceland, McColl’s, Budgens, Nisa, Costcutter, One Stop), independents and butchers (collectively referred to as non-major retailer stores in this report) in the UK that are highly contaminated (at more than 1000 cfu per g) with Campylobacter spp. has decreased since the previous survey year but is still higher than that found in samples from major retailers. 8 whole fresh raw chickens from non-major retailer stores were collected from August 2018 to July 2019 (n = 1009). Campylobacter spp. were detected in 55.8% of the chicken skin samples obtained from non-major retailer shops, and 10.8% of the samples had counts above 1000 cfu per g chicken skin. Comparison among production plant approval codes showed significant differences of the percentages of chicken samples with more than 1000 cfu per g, ranging from 0% to 28.1%. The percentage of samples with more than 1000 cfu of Campylobacter spp. per g was significantly higher in the period May, June and July than in the period November to April. The percentage of highly contaminated samples was significantly higher for samples taken from larger compared to smaller chickens. There was no statistical difference in the percentage of highly contaminated samples between those obtained from chicken reared with access to range (for example, free-range and organic birds) and those reared under standard regime (for example, no access to range) but the small sample size for organic and to a lesser extent free-range chickens, may have limited the ability to detect important differences should they exist. Campylobacter species was determined for isolates from 93.4% of the positive samples. C. jejuni was isolated from the majority (72.6%) of samples while C. coli was identified in 22.1% of samples. A combination of both species was found in 5.3% of samples. C. coli was more frequently isolated from samples obtained from chicken reared with access to range in comparison to those reared as standard birds. C. jejuni was less prevalent during the summer months of June, July and August compared to the remaining months of the year. Resistance to ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolone), erythromycin (macrolide), tetracycline, (tetracyclines), gentamicin and streptomycin (aminoglycosides) was predicted from WGS data by the detection of known antimicrobial resistance determinants. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was detected in 185 (51.7%) isolates of C. jejuni and 49 (42.1%) isolates of C. coli; while 220 (61.1%) isolates of C. jejuni and 73 (62.9%) isolates of C. coli isolates were resistant to tetracycline. Three C. coli (2.6%) but none of the C. jejuni isolates harboured 23S mutations predicting reduced susceptibility to erythromycin. Multidrug resistance (MDR), defined as harbouring genetic determinants for resistance to at least three unrelated antimicrobial classes, was found in 10 (8.6%) C. coli isolates but not in any C. jejuni isolates. Co-resistance to ciprofloxacin and erythromycin was predicted in 1.7% of C. coli isolates. 9 Overall, the percentages of isolates with genetic AMR determinants found in this study were similar to those reported in the previous survey year (August 2016 to July 2017) where testing was based on phenotypic break-point testing. Multi-drug resistance was similar to that found in the previous survey years. It is recommended that trends in AMR in Campylobacter spp. isolates from retail chickens continue to be monitored to realise any increasing resistance of concern, particulary to erythromycin (macrolide). Considering that the percentage of fresh, whole chicken from non-major retailer stores in the UK that are highly contaminated (at more than 1000 cfu per g) with Campylobacter spp. continues to be above that in samples from major retailers more action including consideration of interventions such as improved biosecurity and slaughterhouse measures is needed to achieve better control of Campylobacter spp. for this section of the industry. The FSA has indicated that the retail proxy target for the percentage of highly contaminated retail chickens should be less than 7% and while continued monitoring has demonstrated a sustained decline for chickens from major retailer stores, chicken on sale in other stores have yet to meet this target.
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Bunnell, L. R., T. K. Campbell, and G. L. Tingey. Oxidation of TSX graphite over the temperature range 450 to 1200/sup 0/C. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6183249.
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Aron, D. L. Spin-flip (p,n) reactions on /sup 26/Mg, /sup 54/Fe, and /sup 56/Fe at selected proton bombarding energies in the range of 17 to 25 MeV. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5400326.
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