Academic literature on the topic 'Snowball Earth hypothesis'

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Journal articles on the topic "Snowball Earth hypothesis"

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Ivanov, Alexei V., Anatoly M. Mazukabzov, Arkady M. Stanevich, Stanislav V. Palesskiy, and Olga A. Kozmenko. "Testing the snowball Earth hypothesis for the Ediacaran." Geology 41, no. 7 (July 2013): 787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g34345.1.

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HARLAND, W. BRIAN. "Origins and assessment of snowball Earth hypotheses." Geological Magazine 144, no. 4 (June 6, 2007): 633–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756807003391.

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Brian Harland was for many years an editor of this journal. He was also a seminal figure in the origins of the current ‘snowball Earth’ debate, having recognized in 1964 the significance of coupling emerging palaeomagnetic data on palaeolatitude with his interpretations of diamictites. Harland worked extensively in the Arctic and knew well many of the workers involved in the arguments surrounding the origin of diamictites. He thus had a unique perspective on the evidence and the disputes surrounding it. This was his last paper but he was not able to complete it before he died. However, with the help of Professor Ian Fairchild to whom we are indebted, the editors have lightly revised this work which is presented as the personal view of one of the key figures with a very broad stratigraphic appreciation of the problems of ‘snowball Earth’.Records of Precambrian glaciation onwards from the late nineteenth century led to the concept of one or more major ice ages. This concept was becoming well advanced by the mid 1930s, particularly through the compilation of Kulling in 1934. Even so tillite stratigraphy shows that glaciation was exceptional rather than typical of Earth history. Some Proterozoic tillites, sandwiched between warm marine facies, indicate low, even equatorial palaeolatitudes as determined magnetically, and more recently led to ideas of a snow- and ice-covered ‘snowball Earth’. However, interbedded non-glacial facies as well as thick tillite successions requiring abundant snowfall both militate against the hypothesis of extreme prolonged freezing temperatures referred to here as an ‘iceball Earth’ in which all oceans and seas were sealed in continuous ice cover. On the other hand tropical environments were interrupted by glaciation several times in the Proterozoic, something that did not recur in the Phanerozoic. The term ‘snowball Earth’ is consistent with the established view of extremely widespread Proterozoic glaciation, but the ‘iceball Earth’ version of this is not compatible with the geological record.
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Hoffman, Paul F., and Daniel P. Schrag. "The snowball Earth hypothesis: testing the limits of global change." Terra Nova 14, no. 3 (June 2002): 129–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3121.2002.00408.x.

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Cooper, Barry. "‘Snowball Earth’: The Early Contribution from South Australia." Earth Sciences History 29, no. 1 (June 8, 2010): 121–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.29.1.j8874825610u68w5.

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Much early discussion on the glaciations now dated as late Neoproterozoic (Cryogenian) emanated from the small geological community working in South Australia in the early twentieth century, when their age was regarded as Lower Cambrian. An initial glacial interpretation of long known ‘conglomerates’ by H. P. Woodward was made as early as 1884. Papers by Adelaide-based W. Howchin, were published in British, US and German Journals in 1908, 1911 and 1912 respectively, advocating floating sea ice as a major depositional mechanism. Sydney-based T. W. E. David was also significantly involved via the longstanding Glacial Research Committee of the Australasian Association for Advancement of Science. David publicised recognition of the glaciation at the International Geological Congress in Mexico (1906) where he also suggested that the entire earth might have been glaciated, hence foreshadowing the modern ‘snowball earth’ hypothesis. Objections to the hypothesis of a ‘Lower Cambrian’ glaciation were also raised at an early stage by Howchin's Adelaide-based colleagues. Howchin and his adversaries defended their opposing views in voluminous and fiery articles in the South Australian press in the period 1905-1912 during which both sides endeavoured to undermine their opponent's credibility. By 1907, David had also appreciated the importance of carbonate beds that succeed glacial deposition. R. Lockhart Jack recognised two major glacial episodes within the modern late Neoproterozoic as early as 1913.
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Shapiro, Russell, and Carol Dehler. "Geobiology of "Snowball Earth" deposits of Antelope Island." Geosites 1 (March 30, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31711/ugap.v1i1.100.

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Antelope Island on Great Salt Lake provides an excellent opportunity to look at one of the world’s great geobiological records—the “Snowball Earth.” Snowball Earth refers to a unique time in Earth history before the dawn of skeletonized animals where there is substantial evidence to support glaciers at sea level in the equatorial regions. Many researchers have proposed that the only way to achieve this unique condition is to freeze the entire planet, hence the “Snowball Earth” (REFS). We use quotation marks around the name of this global phenomenon because the scope and details of this major climatic phenomenon are still debated. After 30 years of rigorous testing since the idea was proposed (Kirschivink, 1992), this hypothesis is still holding up (Hoffman and others, 2017). Besides being a record of two global glaciations lasting tens of millions of years between 717 and 635 million years ago, there may be a connection between these mega-scale climate changes and the evolution of animal life.
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Tojo, Bunji, Ryo Saito, Nagayoshi Katsuta, Shin-ichi Kawakami, and Terufumi Ohno. "Neoproterozoic banded iron-formation interbedded with diamictite in Namibia and “Snowball Earth”hypothesis." Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 110, no. 6 (2004): XI—XII. http://dx.doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.110.6.xi_xii.

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Dobrzinski, Nicole, Heinrich Bahlburg, and Harald Strauss. "Geochemistry of Sinian tillites from Hunan Province, South China — A test of the Snowball Earth hypothesis *." Progress in Natural Science 13, no. 11 (November 1, 2003): 867–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10020070312331344570.

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Stern, R. J., D. Avigad, N. R. Miller, and M. Beyth. "Evidence for the Snowball Earth hypothesis in the Arabian-Nubian Shield and the East African Orogen." Journal of African Earth Sciences 44, no. 1 (January 2006): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.10.003.

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Campbell, Adam J., Betzalel Massarano, Edwin D. Waddington, and Stephen G. Warren. "Could promontories have restricted sea-glacier penetration into marine embayments during Snowball Earth events?" Cryosphere 11, no. 3 (May 8, 2017): 1141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1141-2017.

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Abstract. During the Neoproterozoic (∼ 1000–550 Ma), Earth experienced several climate excursions of extreme cold, often referred to as the Snowball Earth events. During these periods, thick flowing ice, referred to as sea glaciers, covered the entire planet's oceans. In addition, there is evidence that photosynthetic eukaryotic algae survived during these periods. With thick sea glaciers covering the oceans, it is uncertain where these organisms survived. One hypothesis is that these algae survived in marine embayments hydrologically connected to the global ocean, where the flow of sea glacier could be resisted. In order for an embayment to act as a refugium, the invading sea glacier must not completely penetrate the embayment. Recent studies have shown that straight-sided marine embayments could have prevented full sea-glacier penetration under a narrow range of climate conditions suitable for the Snowball Earth events. Here we test whether promontories, i.e., headlands emerging from a side shoreline, could further restrict sea-glacier flow. We use an ice-flow model, suitable for floating ice, to determine the flow of an invading sea glacier. We show that promontories can expand the range of climate conditions allowing refugia by resisting the flow of invading sea glaciers.
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Macouin, M., J. Besse, M. Ader, S. Gilder, Z. Yang, Z. Sun, and P. Agrinier. "Combined paleomagnetic and isotopic data from the Doushantuo carbonates, South China: implications for the “snowball Earth” hypothesis." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 224, no. 3-4 (August 2004): 387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2004.05.015.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Snowball Earth hypothesis"

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Virgo, G. M. "Was Earth really a snowball? Detailed facies analysis and 3D modelling of the Elatina Formation, Pichi Richi Pass, Flinders Ranges, South Australia." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/128284.

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To access copy of the thesis please contact Structural Geology Course Co-ordinator in Earth Sciences
The Elatina Formation is exposed in outcrops throughout South Australia, most notably represented by distinct glaciogenic deposits in central and northern Flinders Ranges. As the formation reflects low latitude glaciation, it has previously been used as a benchmark study in the development of the Snowball Earth hypothesis. Pichi Richi Pass in the central Flinders Ranges is an excellent example of the Elatina Formation, however significant uncertainties exist regarding the local sequence stratigraphy and interpretation of the depositional environments. A detailed facies analysis and 3D model of the Elatina Formation at Pichi Richi Pass was established to demonstrate the variability and distribution of the depositional system. The Elatina Formation consists of four lithostratigraphic units, with eight facies identified within two of the units. The facies were established from lithological properties, and then associated based on descriptions and interpretation of their depositional processes. The results reflect thick non-glaciogenic layers interbedded with thin glaciogenic layers. The non-glaciogenic layers were deposited in coastal, deltaic and fluvial settings, while the glaciogenic units were deposited in a glaciofluvial environment. As most of the Elatina Formation in Pichi Richi Pass appears to be deposited under moving water, it suggests that the palaeoenvironment of the Elatina Formation is not consistent with prolonged glacial conditions like that of Snowball Earth. Rather, it denotes variable glacial periods characterised by glacial advance and retreat.
Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Physical Sciences, 2017
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Book chapters on the topic "Snowball Earth hypothesis"

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Etienne, J. L., P. A. Allen, R. Rieu, and E. Le Guerroué. "Neoproterozoic Glaciated Basins: A Critical Review of the Snowball Earth Hypothesis by Comparison with Phanerozoic Glaciations." In Glacial Sedimentary Processes and Products, 343–99. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444304435.ch19.

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Stern, Robert J., and Nathan R. Miller. "Neoproterozoic Glaciation—Snowball Earth Hypothesis." In Encyclopedia of Geology, 546–56. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.12107-4.

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Lenton, Tim. "1. Home." In Earth System Science: A Very Short Introduction, 1–17. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198718871.003.0001.

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Earth system science is the research field that seeks to understand how our planet functions as a whole system. Its scope is broad; it spans 4.5 billion years of Earth history, how the system functions now, projections of its future state, and its ultimate fate. It also considers how humans as a species are reshaping the planet. Earth system science is a deeply interdisciplinary field, which synthesizes elements of geology, biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. ‘Home’ explains how Earth system science emerged and introduces some of its fundamental concepts, including James Lovelock’s Gaia hypothesis, climate regulation, feedback mechanisms, the ‘snowball Earth’ state, and how to combat global warming.
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Segessenman, Daniel C., and Shanan E. Peters. "Macrostratigraphy of the Ediacaran System in North America." In Laurentia: Turning Points in the Evolution of a Continent. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2022.1220(21).

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ABSTRACT Ediacaran sediments record the termination of Cryogenian “snowball Earth” glaciations, preserve the first occurrences of macroscopic metazoans, and contain one of the largest known negative δ13C excursions (the Shuram-Wonoka). The rock record for the transition between the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic in North America is also physically distinct, with much of the continent characterized by a wide variety of mostly crystalline Proterozoic and Archean rocks overlain by Lower Paleozoic shallow-marine sediments. Here, we present quantitative macrostratigraphic summaries of rock quantity and type using a new comprehensive compilation of Ediacaran geological successions in North America. In keeping with previous results that have identified early Paleozoic burial of the “Great Unconformity” as a major transition in the rock record, we find that the Ediacaran System has greatly reduced areal extent and volume in comparison to the Cambrian and most younger Phanerozoic systems. The closest quantitative analogue to the Ediacaran System in North America is the Permian–Triassic interval, deposited during the culminating assembly and early rifting phases of the supercontinent Pangea. The Shuram-Wonoka carbon isotope excursion occurs against the backdrop of the largest increase in carbonate and total rock volume observed in the Ediacaran. The putatively global Gaskiers glaciation (ca. 580–579 Ma), by contrast, has little quantitative expression in these data. Although the importance of Ediacaran time is often framed in the context of glaciation, biological evolution, and geochemical perturbations, the quantitative expressions of rock area, volume, and lithology in the geologic record clearly demark the late Ediacaran to early Cambrian as the most dramatic transition in at least the past 635 m.y. The extent to which the timing and nature of this transition are reflected globally remains to be determined, but we hypothesize that the large expansion in the extent and volume of sedimentation within the Ediacaran, particularly among carbonates, and again from the Ediacaran to the Cambrian, documented here over ~17% of Earth’s present-day continental area, provides important insights into the drivers of biogeochemical and biological evolution at the dawn of animal life.
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Conference papers on the topic "Snowball Earth hypothesis"

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Pu, Judy P., Mark D. Schmitz, James L. Crowley, and Francis A. Macdonald. "GEOCHRONOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS ON THE EMPLACEMENT OF THE FRANKLIN LIP: TESTING HYPOTHESES FOR THE ONSET OF THE STURTIAN SNOWBALL EARTH." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-298501.

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