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1
Yoswaty, Dessy, and Zulkifli Zulkifli. "ANALISIS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL SIPUT GONGGONG (Strombus canarium) TERHADAP BAKTERI PATOGEN." Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada 18, no. 2 (August 12, 2016): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jfs.10346.
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The study aims to analyze the use of antibacterial ethanol extract of gonggong snail (Strombus canarium) against pathogenic bacteria and analyzing bioactive compounds in gonggong snails for the development of marine aquaculture. The research method is an experimental method, performed in vitro, using a completelyrandomized design (CRD) with three replications. The subjects of research that pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio sp., C. perfringens, and Aeromonas sp.). The object of research is D1 gonggong snail extract 12.5%; D2 gongong snail extract 25%; D3 gonggong snail extract 50%; C4 gonggong snail extract 100%, ethanol D5 and D6 amosiklav discs (antibiotic chloramphenicol). Phytochemical screening test that alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, and triterpenoids) from the ethanol extract of the gonggong snail. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test to determine the significance of the difference in diameter between the various treatments inhibitory region. The results showed that as many as 20 of the gonggong snail with morphometric body length size range of between 43.9 to 56.0 mm, the average length of 52.74 mm and a total weight of 16.21 grams on average. Results of research ethanol extract of gonggong snail is treated discs amoxiclav have inhibition (clear zone) highs against the bacterium Vibrio sp. (diameter 1.80 to 12.40 mm), A. hydrophila (diameter 4.78 to 21.37 mm) and C. perfringens (diameter 1.50 to 6.80 mm). Class of bioactive compounds of alkaloids and saponins identified in the ethanol extract of gonggong snail and class of bioactive compounds of flavanoid, steroids, and triterpenoids is not identified in the ethanol extract of gonggong snails. The results of the measurement of environmental quality parameters in waters around the coast of Bintan Island Village Senggarang still in good condition and has not been contaminated. This enables to support life gonggong snail (S. canarium). The ethanol extract of gonggong snails has the antibacterial activity that can be used to overcome the attacks of pathogenic bacteria in the development of marine aquaculture.
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Skrzypek, Klaudia, and Marcin Majka. "Interplay among SNAIL Transcription Factor, MicroRNAs, Long Non-Coding RNAs, and Circular RNAs in the Regulation of Tumor Growth and Metastasis." Cancers 12, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12010209.
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SNAIL (SNAI1) is a zinc finger transcription factor that binds to E-box sequences and regulates the expression of genes. It usually acts as a gene repressor, but it may also activate the expression of genes. SNAIL plays a key role in the regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, which is the main mechanism responsible for the progression and metastasis of epithelial tumors. Nevertheless, it also regulates different processes that are responsible for tumor growth, such as the activity of cancer stem cells, the control of cell metabolism, and the regulation of differentiation. Different proteins and microRNAs may regulate the SNAIL level, and SNAIL may be an important regulator of microRNA expression as well. The interplay among SNAIL, microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs is a key event in the regulation of tumor growth and metastasis. This review for the first time discusses different types of regulation between SNAIL and non-coding RNAs with a focus on feedback loops and the role of competitive RNA. Understanding these mechanisms may help develop novel therapeutic strategies against cancer based on microRNAs.
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Syukur, Djunaedil, and Christine Christine. "Faktor Lingkungan Fisik yang Berhubungan dengan Karakteristik Onchomelania hupensis linduensis Vektor Schistosomiasis di Kecamatan Lindu." Banua: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33860/bjkl.v2i1.498.
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Background: Lindu Plateau is surrounded by mountains and protected forests and there is a lake that is the source of community life and habitat for Oncomelania hupensis linduensis (OHL), an intermediate host for schistosomiasis. Purpose: To determine the relationship between environmental temperature, air humidity, turbidity and water pH with density, physical/morphological characteristics and the presence of parasites in OHL snails in active focus areas in Lindu District. Method: Analytical research with an observational survey approach, in Lindu District from May to October 2019. The population was OHL snails in Lindu District, sampled by accidental sampling in 5 research locations, namely Tomado, Langko, Anca, Puroo and Oluu villages. Result: Chi-square test with α=0.05 on environmental temperature and OHL snail density p-value=0.447, ambient temperature and OHL snail external morphology p-value=0.04, temperature and presence of cercariae parasites on OHL snails p -value=0.004; humidity and density of OHL snails p-value=0.193, humidity and external morphology of OHL snails p-value=0.17, humidity and presence of cercariae parasites in OHL snails p-value=0.175; water turbidity and OHL snail density p-value=1,000, water turbidity and OHL snail external morphology of OHL snails p-value=0,070, water turbidity and presence of parasites on OHL snails p-value=0,000; pH of Water and OHL snail density p-value=0,328, pH of water and external morphology of OHL snails p-value=0,017, pH of water with the presence of parasites on OHL snail p-value=0,430. Conclusion: Environmental temperature was related to external morphological characteristics and the presence of parasites in OHL snails, water turbidity related to the presence of parasites in OHL snails, water pH related to external morphological characteristics of OHL in the active focus areas. The government is advised to disseminate information about the active focus areas of OHL snails to prevent schistosomiasis infection in the community.
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Ulagesan, Selvakumari, and Hak Kim. "Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Proteins Extracted from Seven Different Snails." Applied Sciences 8, no. 8 (August 13, 2018): 1362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8081362.
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Snails have been used both as a food and as a treatment for a variety of medicinal conditions. In this study, seven different snail proteins were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. Fresh water and land snails of seven different live species were collected and identified. Crude proteins were extracted from seven different snails. The extracted proteins were estimated using Bradford’s method and snail proteins were displayed using a sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis. The seven different snail proteins were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic bacterial and fungal cultures by agar well diffusion method and MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration). One of the most active, crude proteins was from land snail Cryptozona bistrialis and its protein was capable of completely inhibiting the development of pathogenic bacterial and fungal cultures. This study shows that the land snail C. bistrialis proteins could be used as an antibiotic in biomedical research.
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Wicaksono, Tri Bagus, Saifuddin Hasjim, and Nanang Tri Haryadi. "PEMANFAATAN DAUN KIPAHIT (Tithonia diversifolia) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENGENDALIAN HAMA KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata L.) PADA TANAMAN PADI." JURNAL BIOINDUSTRI 2, no. 1 (December 10, 2019): 399–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.31326/jbio.v2i1.505.
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Golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata L.) is one of the main pests that attack young paddy plants. Golden snail pest attack on paddy plants has the potential to reduce yields and even crop failure. Kipahit plants (T. diversifolia) have the potential as bio molluscides because they contain toxic compounds against golden snails. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of bio molluscicide concentration of kipahit leaf extract (T.diversifolia) on mortality of golden snails at two phases of age and damage intensity of paddy plants. The. The research was conducted in December 2017 until May 2018. The research was carried out in Lampeji Village, Mumbulsari District, Jember Regency. The researh used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 concentrations of kipahit leaf extract, tested on 2 different age phases of golden snail and 3 times repeated. The variables observed were golden snail mortality, crop damage intensity (DI), Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) and Lethal Time 50 (LT50). The data obtained were then analyzed by probit analysis and Duncan test with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the concentration of 60 g/L was the most efficient and effective concentration in controlling golden snails at various age phases as well as suppressing the intensity of damage to paddy plants. Keywords: golden snail, kipahit leaves (T. diversifolia), molluscicide, mortality
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Herdiawan, Boni, Putri Afin Nurhayati, and Galuh Ayu Chantika Dwitara. "Inventory of Land Snail in Darungan Lake, Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park 2019." Jurnal Biota 6, no. 1 (May 30, 2020): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.19109/biota.v6i1.5219.
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This study aims to determine the diversity of land snails that have never been revealed before. The location of this research is in the forest in the Ranu Darungan Resort area of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park. The method used in this study is the 1.5 km transect line method. Land snails are often found behind leaves, around tree roots, and around leaf litter. The results of this study obtained 20 species of land snails, each of which has different characteristics. Land snail identification is using a land snail identification book. The lack of information about land snails in the Ranu Darungan Resort area makes this research expected to be the basis for further research.
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Dwiki Dharma Putra, Ida Bagus, Lie Jasa, and I. Wayan Arta Wijaya. "DISAIN PERBANDINGAN KARAKTERISTIK TURBIN SNAIL-LIE 4 SNAIL DAN 8 SNAIL PADA PROTOTYPE PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKRO HIDRO (PLTMH)." Jurnal SPEKTRUM 7, no. 4 (December 5, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektrum.2020.v07.i04.p2.
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is one of the regions with potential renewable energy sources, includinghydropower, namely the Micro Hydro Power Plant (PLTMH). The main problem with hydropoweris the flow of water that does not flow continuously throughout the year. A micro hydro that isplaced in a certain location requires a turbine in accordance with the characteristics of theexisting location. In this study, a turbine was designed to obtain a new type of Snail-Lie turbinethat accommodates all existing location parameters. In this turbine, there are variations in theform of gaps or spaces in each particular blade to trap water so that it can increase the torque,where this torque will affect the turbine output. The research method used is to findmathematical models of the Snail-Lie 4 Snail and 8 Snail turbines, make a prototype model tobe tested in the laboratory, make a real Snail-Lie turbine model for field trials. The resultsshowed that the addition of the number of snails from 4 snails to 8 snails caused the turbine'sperformance to increase, this is because the number of snails will affect the performance of theturbines, because the snail functions as a water trap so that it can be used as thrust for theturbine when it rotates. The highest output obtained is at the nozzle position 0° and the nozzleangle of 20° using a snail-lie 8 snail tubing which produces 166.9 rpm turbine rotation, 1086.8rpm generator rotation, 0.707 volt generator voltage, 0.189 watt generator power, and torqueamounting to 0.01 Nm, and an efficiency of 20.8%. The low efficiency value obtained in thesystem is 20.8% because the water entering the turbine is not comprehensive, the slip occurs inthe turbine that is coupled with the generator through the fan rope and the generator has its ownefficiency.
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PASZKIEWICZ, WALDEMAR, KRZYSZTOF SZKUCIK, MONIKA ZIOMEK, MICHAŁ GONDEK, and RENATA PYZ-ŁUKASIK. "Occurrence of Salmonella spp. and Listeria spp. in snail meat." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 74, no. 2 (2018): 6074–2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6074.
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The objective of the research was to determine the occurrence of microorganisms of the Salmonella spp. and Listeria spp. in raw and frozen (cooked) snail meat obtained from both free-living and farmed edible snails. The research material comprised meat samples collected from three snail species (25g from each), that is, Roman snail (Helix pomatia – HP), small brown garden snail (Cornu aspersum aspersum – CAA) and large brown garden snail (Cornu aspersum maxima – CAM). Roman snails came from their natural environment and were harvested in Wielkopolska Voivodeship and Lower Silesia Voivodeship (regions A and B, respectively). The Cornu genus snails were obtained from two heliciculture farms located in the abovementioned voivodeships (farms A and B, respectively). On both farms, the snails were maintained under the mixed rearing system. The raw meat samples taken from the edible portion of snails, that is, the foot with collar and a fragment of the mantle, were obtained after the snails were sacrificed in the laboratory. The frozen meat samples, on the other hand, came from a snail meat processing facility. A total of 300 samples were examined for the presence of Salmonella spp., and 240 for the presence of Listeria spp. The research also included pooled soil samples of 0.5 kg each collected from polytunnels (in the pre-fattening stage) and outdoor farming plots (in the fattening stage). The tests for the Salmonella presence were performed in accordance with Polish standard PN-EN ISO 6579:2003, and the test for Listeria complied with PN-EN ISO 11290-1:1999. Listeria monocytogenes was identified by the PCR technique. Salmonella spp. were not detected in any of the 300 samples of raw and cooked snail meat under study. Nor were these pathogens isolated from the soil samples. The absence of these bacteria in the raw meat samples indicates that Salmonella spp. did not occur in either the natural habitat of Roman snails or the two farms producing Cornu genus snails. On the other hand, bacteria of Listeria spp. were detected in 101 (42.1%) snail meat samples. A particularly high load of microbiota was found in raw meat, as these bacteria contaminated from 60% (for HP from region A and CAM from farm B) up to 75% (for CAA from farm A) of samples. Notably, a markedly lower percentage (35%) of samples containing Listeria spp. was found only among the Roman snail raw meat samples from the region B. Listeria spp. were also detected in all the soil samples. Thermal treatment of meat achieved a substantial reduction in the load of Listeria spp., but did not eliminate it. The frequency of this genus in frozen meat samples was from 63.5% (for CAM from farm A) to 15.4% (for CAA from farm B) of that in raw meat. The PCR technique was used identify 15 selected strains, including 11 from raw meat samples and 4 from cooked meat. A total of 5 isolates were recognized as Listeria monocytogenes (2.1% of all samples examined and 4.95% of samples with Listeria spp.). All of them originated from the raw meat of farmed snails, including one (CAA) from the farm A and four (3 CAA and 1 CAM) from the farm B. Bacteria of the Salmonella and Listeria genera occur in the natural habitat of edible snails, which poses a potential hazard to human health. Effective implementation of control programmes at the primary production stage is the first step that could considerably limit the presence of these pathogens in farmed snails and, consequently, in snail meat. .
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Park, Youmie. "Mining Invertebrate Natural Products for Future Therapeutic Treasure." Natural Product Communications 6, no. 9 (September 2011): 1934578X1100600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1100600944.
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This review focuses on biologically active entities from invertebrate sources, especially snails. The reader will encounter several categories of compounds from snails including glycosaminoglycans, peptides, proteins (glycoproteins), and enzymes which possess diverse biological activities. Among glycosaminoglycans, acharan sulfate which was isolated from a giant African snail Acahtina fulica is reviewed extensively. Conotoxins which are also called conopeptides are unique peptide mixtures from marine cone snail. Conotoxins are secreted to capture its prey, and currently have the potential to be highly effective drug candidates. One of the conotoxins is now in the market as a pain killer. Proteins as well as glycoproteins in the snail are known to be involved in the host defense process from an attack of diverse pathogens. Carbohydrate-degrading enzymes characterized and purified in snails are introduced to give an insight into the applicability in glycobiology research such as synthesis and structure characterization of glycoconjugates. It seems that simple snails produce very complicated biological compounds which could be an invaluable source in future therapeutics as well as research areas in natural medicine.
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Raimi, C. O., and A. C. Odeyemi. "Organoleptic evaluation of Archachatina marginata fed rumen content dietary inclusion." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i4.999.
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There is inadequate information on quality feedstuff for large scale production and all year round availability of snails in Nigeria.The research was conducted to investigate the organoleptic properties of the African giant land snails (Archachatina marginata). Thirtytwo snails were randomly allotted into four dietary treatments of varied levels of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% rumen content inclusion. Each treatment was replicated with four snails per pen in a completely randomized design. The snails were reared in mini paddock. Feed and water were supplied ad-libitum. At the end of the eight weeks period of feeding trials, two snails were harvested at random from the replicates of each of the four treatments, sacrificed, processed and analyzed. Based on appearance, taste and aroma of the snails fried and stewed with spices and the other one steamed with spices, preference ranking in descending order revealed 15% (6·85) rumen content inclusion had the highest mean preference followed by 5% (6·53) inclusion for the fried snail with spices and 0% (6.65) inclusion had the highest ranking followed by 15% (6.53) rumen content inclusion for the snail steamed with spices. The treatments had no appreciable effect on the nutrient composition and sensory quality of the snail meat. It can be concluded that growing snails can utilize rumen content inclusion thereby increasing the feed data base for snail production in the Tropics.
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Adeyeye, Samuel Ayofemi Olalekan, Olusola Timothy Bolaji, Titilope Adebusola Abegunde, and Taofeek Olawale Adesina. "Processing and utilization of snail meat in alleviating protein malnutrition in Africa: a review." Nutrition & Food Science 50, no. 6 (January 31, 2020): 1085–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-08-2019-0261.
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Purpose This study aims to review processing and utilization of snail meat in alleviating protein malnutrition in Africa. Most countries in Africa are faced with a major challenge of protein malnutrition as a result of high cost of animal proteins. This has encouraged more research works in the use of wild or game meat to meet the much-needed animal proteins. Design/methodology/approach Previous literatures on the above subject matter were reviewed. In many African countries, the use of snails, rodents and other small livestock in the wild could help in improving the nutritional needs of the people in both urban and rural areas, as well as adding economic value through income generation to the local people. Findings Snails are very rich in dietary protein, low in fat and cholesterol and are good sources of iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. Previous studies showed that snail meat contains 70 per cent of water and its dry matter contains high amounts of essential amino acids such as lysine, leucine, arginine and tryptophan. Research studies have shown that snail contains calcium orthophosphate, a chemical substrate that could alleviate and reduce kidney diseases. Also, the glandular substances found in edible snails were found to have antimicrobial activities that cause agglutination of certain bacteria, which could be used against some ailments like whooping cough. As snail meat products have high nutritional value, spoilage sets in after one or two days after harvesting, and therefore, the preservation of snail meat has become a major concern to farmers, processors and consumers. Several preservation techniques could be adopted, which include smoking, sun drying, convectional drying and the use of natural or artificial preservatives. These methods have been found to reduce microbial load of snail meat and help to extend shelf life and keeping quality of snail meat. Originality/value This review X-rayed the importance of snail meat in the human diet and how this could be explored to enhance protein nutrition in developing countries.
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Arsi, Arsi, Eka Putri Jarda, Suparman SHK, Harman Hamidson, Khodijah Khodijah, Yulia Pujiastuti, Bambang Gunawan, Rahmat Pratama, and Abu Umayah. "Laying Eggs of Pomacea canaliculata L. on Oryza sativa L. in Various Ways of Plant Cultivation in Village Tulus Ayu, Sub District Belitang." Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands 11, no. 2 (October 1, 2022): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36706/jlso.11.2.2022.572.
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Rice is a widely cultivated crop in Indonesia that the crop becomes a food crop with many pests and diseases. As happen in Belitang, the area many rice cultivation infested by golden snails because Belitang is a center of rice production with the biggest irrigation structure in the region. The golden snails prefer to live in submerged areas. Furthermore, the snail produces a high number of eggs in one ovulation which may produce a high number of golden snails and cause serious damage on rice to mage harvest failure. The research of this know the number of eggs packets of golden snails laid in two rice cultivations with different ages and varieties. The method applied in the study was a survey method for which samples were taken purposively, by following certain intervals in every row of rice plants. The observation was made to calculate the number of snail egg packets. The result showed that in the two different rice cultivation there were different numbers of snail egg packets. The difference might be caused by different environmental factors between both locations where a lower water surface caused a higher number of snail eggs.
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Purwati, Kasih, Sukma Sahreni, and Dhea Fajria Khasanah. "Uji Daya Hambat Lendir Bekicot (Achatina Fulica) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus dan Salmonella Typhi." Zona Kedokteran: Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Universitas Batam 12, no. 2 (May 24, 2022): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37776/zked.v12i2.1028.
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Background: Snail mucus (Achatina fulica) contains achasin protein which can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi bacteria. This study aims to determine the effect of snail mucus (Achatina fulica) on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi bacteria.
Methods:This research is an experimental research using Posttest Only Control Group Design as the research design. This research was conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory, Riau University, from December 16, 2021 to January 11, 2022. The population of this study was pure culture of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. The sample consisted of 30 snails which had previously been adapted for 1 month. The negative control group was only given distilled water, the positive control group was given amoxicillin, treatment group 1 was given snail slime with a concentration of 30%, treatment group 2 was given snail slime with a concentration of 60%, and treatment group 3 was given snail mucus with a concentration of 90%. The result of this research will be analyzed using statistical test, ANOVA.
Results:There is an inhibition of snail mucus (Achatina fulica) against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi bacteria. The most effective results in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi bacteria is at a concentration of 90%.
Conclusion:Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that snail mucus (Achatina fulica) can significantly inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi bacteria.
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Maruni, Mulyadi, Chairunnisah J. Lamangantjo, and Aryati Abdul. "Toxicity test of jatropha leaf filtrate (Jatropha curcas L.) on mortality of golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata)." Inornatus: Biology Education Journal 2, no. 2 (November 19, 2022): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30862/inornatus.v2i2.360.
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This study was an experimental study to determine the effect of the toxicity of Jatropha curcas L. leaf filtrate on the mortality of the Pomacea canaliculata (golden snail). Pomacea canaliculata as many as 240 tails aged 7 days after hatching is the object of research. A completely randomized design of 6 (treatment) and 4 (replication) was used in this study. Data was collected by observing the golden snail every hour for 24 hours. ANAVA and BNT analysis to calculate research data. Calculation of 50% mortality of research objects using LC50. The ANAVA results are Fcount 434.160 > Ftable 2.64. The findings indicated that the filtrate from Jatropha curcas leaves had toxicity on golden snail mortality. The concentration of jatropha leaf filtrate that can kill the golden snail is 7% based on calculations with LC50. This concentration was able to kill half of the golden snails tested.
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Syafitri, Vika Annur, Zubaidah Anjar Rezeki, and Azwin Apriandi. "LAJU KEMUNDURAN MUTU GONGGONG (Strombus sp.) REBUS PADA PENYIMPANAN SUHU CHILLING DAN RUANG DENGAN MUTU SENSORI." Marinade 3, no. 02 (October 31, 2020): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31629/marinade.v3i02.3402.
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This research was conducted to observe the rate of deterioration in the quality of
boiled snails (Strombus sp.). Organoleptic is a method of sensory freshness determination. The
speed at which a snail decomposed was primarily influenced by the temperature. This study
aims to determine the best quality of barking snails stored at chilling and rooming temperatures.
Samples of barking snails were taken from Tanjung Unggat water. This research method
includes measuring the morphometric, yield, and organoleptic of the barking snail (Strombus
sp.). The results showed that the use of chilling temperature could extend the shelf life of boiled
barking snails, as evidenced by the high value of the organoleptic parameters compared to
barking snails at room temperature storage, based on the organoleptic parameters of frozen
clam meat based on SNI 3460.1-2009.
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Agus Suarmustika, I. Gede, Ni Made Suartini, and Job Nico Subagio. "VARIASI MORFOMETRI DAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata) PADA SAWAH DI DESA ABIANSEMAL BADUNG-BALI." SIMBIOSIS 6, no. 2 (September 28, 2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jsimbiosis.2018.v06.i02.p06.
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The purpose of this study was to determine variations in morphology and morphological characteristics of golden apple snails (P. canaliculata) in rice fields in Abiansemal Village. Gold apple snails can be found living in fresh water, including lakes, rivers, small ditches and also in rice fields. Rice field habitats in Bali can still be found in Abiansemal village, Badung regency, but not much information has been disclosed about the snails in the rice field habitat, especially the golden apple snail species (P. canaliculata). Therefore, it is necessary to do research on the golden apple snails in Abiansemal Village. This research was carried out in rice fields located in Abiansemal Village, Abiansemal District, Badung Regency, Bali Province. The study was conducted from April to May 2017. Sampling of golden apple snail (P. canaliculata) was carried out in three plots of rice fields in three banjars in Abiansemal Village, namely in the Latu Sari, Banjar Aseman, and Juwet banjars. The rice field was chosen randomly and then in each selected field of rice the golden apple snail sample was taken using a 1x1m square. Samples on each plot of rice were taken three times. All samples of golden snail contained in the squared were taken and cleaned and then preserved with 70% alcohol. The golden apple snail sample obtained was calculated for its density and all morphological and morphometric characters were analyzed descriptively. In this study it was found that the morphology of golden apple snail patterned lines for morphometric characters, the shell height was higher in the banjar Juwet area, for the width of the shell mouth was greater in the banjar area Aseman and the height of the shell cover was higher in the banjar area of Latu Sari, while the morphology was plain patterned for morphometric characters, the height of the shell and the height of tendrils were higher in the banjar area of Latu Sari, and for the height and width of the cover the shell was higher and wider in the banjar area of Aseman, while for the other morphometric characters the results were found almost the same.
Keywords: snail, rice field, morphology, morphometry
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Yang, Xiao, Qian Zhang, Li Ma, Qi-Xiang Sun, Song Liang, and Jin-Xing Zhou. "Afforestation suppresses Oncomelania hupensis snail density through influencing algae in beaches of the Dongting Lake." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): e0009100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009100.
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Background Oncomelania snails serve as the sole intermediate host for Schistosoma japonicum, one of the most important neglected tropical diseases in the world. Afforestation suppression of the Oncomelania hupensis snail has been a long-term effective national strategy to decrease snail density in China. Many previous studies have made clear that vegetation (biotic factors) and soil (abiotic factors) were the basic requirements for snail survival on beaches. Moreover, a lot of research on snail control has been focused on the specific influencing environmental factors for snail survival, such as the vegetation community structure, species composition, diversity index, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Most of the existing research has studied the influence of a single factor on snail population density. Conversely, there have been only a few studies focused on the food sources and food composition of the snails. The current research situation on snail control has indicated that the mechanisms underlying ecological snail control have not been systematically characterized. The question of whether biotic or abiotic factors were more important in influencing snail survival remains unclear. Afforestation on beaches has significantly suppressed snail density in China so far. In this study, we proposed that the reduction of snail density was not affected by a single factor but by the interactions of multiple related factors introduced by afforestation. Moreover, different biotic and abiotic factors have significantly different effects on snail control. Therefore the goal of this study was to evaluate the relative importance and interactions of related biotic and abiotic factors on snail density. Methods: Four major vegetation communities: Sedge, Reed, Artificial poplar (3 years of age) and Artificial poplar (5 years of age), on the beaches of the Yangtze River in China were selected for vegetation and snail surveys, as well as for soil sampling. Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis was used to assess the interactions of biotic and abiotic factors in the context of snail ecology. The soil properties were considered as abiotic factors, while algae of Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta phyla were considered to be biotic factors. In the path analysis, the total effect between the variables was the sum of the direct and indirect effects. Results The snail density had significant correlations with soil properties, such as water content, bulk density, capillary porosity and pH value, as well as with all three types of soil algae, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, and Bacillariophyta. Snail density had a direct negative relationship with capillary porosity and soil bulk density, an indirect negative relationship with soil pH value and an indirect positive relationship with soil water content via soil algae. Meanwhile, as an important food source for the snail, the Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta algae had a significant positive correlation with snail density. High soil pH had a negative impact on Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta, while soil water content had a positive impact on Chlorophyta, and soil bulk density had a negative impact on Cyanophyta. In addition, the soil pH value and soil bulk density both had negative correlations with soil water content. Conclusion Afforestation of the beach environment can significantly reduce the snail population density by altering ecological factors. Soil algae (biological factors) might be the key element that drives ecological snail control. As important habitat determinants, the impact of the properties of the soil (non-biological factors) on the snail population was largely mediated through soil algae.
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Sutcharit, Chirasak, Phanara Thach, Samol Chhuoy, Peng Bun Ngor, Ekgachai Jeratthitikul, Warut Siriwut, Ruttapon Srisonchai, et al. "Annotated checklist of the land snail fauna from southern Cambodia (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." ZooKeys 948 (July 13, 2020): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.948.51671.
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Prior to this study, few collections and records were made of the land snails in Cambodia and the historical taxa had never been reviewed. Herein a report on the land snail diversity based on specimens collected recently from karstic and non-karstic areas in southern Cambodia is provided. This checklist presents 36 species of land snails (two Neritimorpha, six Caenogastropoda, and 28 Heterobranchia). Illustrations and brief taxonomic notes/remarks are provided for every species. We also described Georrisa carinata Sutcharit & Jirapatrasilp, sp. nov. based on some distinct shell morphological characters. Since the first descriptions during the colonial period in the nineteenth century, some land snail species (e.g., Trichochloritis norodomiana, Durgella russeola, Anceyoconcha siamensis obesulacomb. nov., Anceyoconcha chaudoensiscomb. nov., and Succinea tenuis) have not been reported subsequently. This probably reflects a lack of knowledge concerning land snail biodiversity in this country. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive survey of land snails in southern Cambodia. A need for more field research and systematic revision of the land snails in this interesting region is also highlighted and demonstrated.
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Zubar, Ivan, and Yuliia Onyshchuk. "Heliceculture as a promising area of agricultural production." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 7-8 (2020): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2020.7-8.5.
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Purpose. The aim of the article is research of theoretical, organizational and economic aspects of functioning and effective development of farms for growing and processing of snails and substantiation of prospects of heliceculture as a branch of agriculture on the basis of analysis of world experience. Methodology of research. In the course of the research the methods of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, abstraction) and empirical methods (observations, questionnaires, conversations) of economic science are used, which are based on a systematic approach, which allowed to characterize the current state of production and export of heliceculture products, as well as identify key issues in this area of agricultural production. Findings. The concept of “heliceculture” is substantiated and its content is analysed in terms of prospects as a new direction of agricultural production. The historical genesis of the development of traditions of snail products consumption has been studied, as a result of which the first mentions in the history of Ancient Rome, as well as France and Italy have been revealed. An analysis of the dynamics and current state of development of domestic heliculture entrepreneurship, which showed a rapid increase in the number of snail farms and increasing exports of snails to Europe. An overview of the world market for edible snails is made, where there is a noticeable tendency to a gradual annual increase in the consumption of heliculture products. The key elements of the technological process of growing edible snails are analysed, which allowed to systematize a number of basic technological processes and to conclude about the complexity and complexity of this production. The commodity assortment of heliculture has been determined, which includes meat, caviar and snail secretion. The key advantages of Ukraine as a producer and exporter of heliculture products are highlighted, including the availability of labour, proximity to markets, high land supply and dissatisfaction with global demand for these products, which makes it significant for the development of heliculture as an agricultural production. The key problems that hinder the development of snail farming are summarized, namely: legislative unregulation, limited industrial production capacity, lack of diversified processing, limited information and scientific research. The key directions of development of the heliceculture industry are determined, among which: organization of production and marketing heliceculture cooperatives, provision of in-depth processing and year-round uninterrupted production, development of agro-tourism on the basis of snail farms. Originality. A systematic approach to clarifying the definition of “heliceculture” is proposed. On the basis of a thorough study of official statistical information on the state of production of snail products, the importance of heliculture as a promising area of agricultural production is substantiated. Practical value. The obtained research results can be used in the development of an effective concept for the development of the heliculture industry. Key words: heliceculture, heliceculture market, snail farming, small business, family farm.
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Lailiyah, Shofiyatul, Diana Arfiati, Asus Maizar Suryanto Hertika, Neni Diah Kusumaning Arum, and Catur Budi Noviya. "The Effectiveness of Filopaludina javanica and Sulcospira testudinaria in Reducing Organic Matter in Catfish (Clarias sp.) Aquaculture Wastewater." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 13, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v13i1.23085.
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HighlightCatfish aquaculture wastewater contains organic matter that exceeds the quality standard of 68.75 mg / L and 72.48 mg / L.Tutut Jawa snail (F. javanica) can reduce organic matter in waste by up to 92%.Susuh Kura snail (S. testudinaria) can reduce organic matter in waste by up to 87%.Catfish aquaculture wastewater treatment with snails only takes 8 hours. Abstract The residual or wastewater from the cultivation process that is discharged directly into common waters can reduce the quality of the waters because it contains a lot of organic material from organism feces and feed residue, so it needs management first. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of Javanese snails and freshwater gastropods to reduce total organic matter in catfish culture waste. The research method used was the experiment with 2 factor Factorial completely randomized design, namely the measurement time (4, 8, 12, and 16 hours) and the abundance of the Tutut Java snail and freshwater gastropods (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and control) with 5 repetitions. Tutut Java snails were taken from the pond at UPR Sumbermina Dau and brought to the laboratory. The results obtained in the treatment with the addition of Tutut Java snail, the total organic matter content decreased at 75% snail density by 90% (from 68.75 mg / L to 5.31 mg / L) at the 12th hour. The treatment with the addition of Freshwater Gastropods at a density of 25%, the total organic matter content decreased by 87% (from 72.48 to 9.35 mg / L) at the 8th hour. Water quality during the study was in a condition that could tolerate the Tutut Java snails and freshwater gastropods. The conclusion is that the addition of Tutut Java snail and / or freshwater gastropods can reduce the total organic matter content to the water quality standard.
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Viruly, Lily, Nuri Andarwulan, Maggy T. Suhartono, and Mala Nurilmala. "Morphologycal and Molecular Partial Histone-H3 Characterization of Bintan Sea Snail Gonggong (Strombus sp.) as a Species Validation." HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 26, no. 2 (October 27, 2019): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4308/hjb.26.2.56.
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Sea snail gonggong is an icon of Tanjungpinang-Riau Islands Province. It is a favorite seafood item in Riau Islands Province, and is high economic value but not known widely yet. Until now, sea snail gonggong has been highly exploited but the research on this snail is very limited. The aim of this study was to morphology and molecular characterization of Bintan gonggong snail (Strombus sp.) as a species validation. Bintan gonggong snail included thick-shelled gonggong and thin-shelled gonggong. Morphology identifcation of species Bintan gonggong snail was based on morphometric variability. Molecular identifcation used partial Histone-H3, MEGA version 6.06, and bioinformatics analysis. The result showed that the morphological identifcation of thick-shelled and thin-shelled gonggong based on shell width, the lip thickness, and total weight signifcantly different, but other variables (i.e shell length, shell depth, aperture length, and gonggong weight) were not signifcantly different (p<0.05). Resulted of a molecular identifcation with phylogenetic analysis that the thin-shelled and thick-shelled Bintan gonggong snails were 1 species and a genetic distance of 1%. They were not species Strombus canarium, Strombus vitatus, and Strombus epidromis. Bintan gonggong snails were Strombus turturella (Leavistrombus turturella). DNA sequences of Bintan gonggong have been registered in Gen-Bank with registration numbers MH348131 (thinshelled gonggong) and MH348132 (thick-shelled gonggong).
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Alfaizal, Hafiz Fauzana, and Desita Salbiah. "UJI BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK UMBI GADUNG (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) TERHADAP HAMA KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata L.)." DINAMIKA PERTANIAN 37, no. 1 (September 15, 2021): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/dp.2021.vol37(1).7712.
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Riau is one of a lowland rice producing provinces. One of the pests that can reduce rice productivity is the golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata L.). The solution for controlling the golden snail (P. canaliculata L.). Pest uses environmentally friendly control techniques, namely botanical pesticides of gadung tubers. This study aims to obtain a concentration of the extract of gadung tuber flour (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) which is effective in controlled the attack of golden snails (P. canaliculata L.) in lowland rice plants. This research was conducted experimentally using completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and four replications, in order to obtain 20 experimental units. The treatments consisted of concentrations of gadung tubers extract, namely 0 g.l-1, 25 g.l-1, 50 g.l-1, 75 g.l-1, and 100 g.l-1. Observations included the initial dst time to snail death, lethal time 50 (LT 50), daily total mortality, and behavior changes in behavior. The results showed that the application of 100 g.l concentration of gadung tuber extract treatment caused the highest total mortality of golden snails (P. canaliculata L.) of 74.99%, but it was not effective yet in controlling the golden snail pest because it was not able to kill the golden snail above 80%.
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Lawrence, Louise, Emma Leonard, and Geoff Baker. "Snail Research Comes of Age." Outlooks on Pest Management 15, no. 5 (October 1, 2004): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1564/15oct11.
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Osemeobo, Gbadebo Jonathan. "Effects of Land-use and Collection on the Decline of African Giant Snails in Nigeria." Environmental Conservation 19, no. 2 (1992): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900030630.
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The African Giant Snail is a dependable source of animal protein for a large proportion of Nigerians. However, in the past few decades, the supply of this Snail and two others of different genera but similar use, has declined. The causes, examined in this paper, which affect its collection and decline in forest reserves are due to a combination of socio-economic and cultural factors: a cultural orientation of the rural dwellers towards the collection and utilization of snails for food, cash, traditional medicine, and sacrifice; indiscriminate destruction of snail habitats due to ignorance or neglect of the resource; and lack of incentives and inadequate data for snail management.Snail collection is a legitimate occupation of rural dwellers. However, because forestry laws in Nigeria regard snails as minor forest products, no legislative, conservational, or management, controls can be effected — hence their collection will continue in future because of their value to Mankind. As the African Giant Snail is fast approaching local endangered status, the fear exists that, unless effective conservation measures are taken urgently, the survival of this biotic resource would appear to be in jeopardy. It is suggested that: (a) representative forests in each ecological zone should be preserved for wildlife conservation; (b) smallholder snail-farming should be encouraged among rural and urban dwellers to de-emphasize its collection from the optimal wild source; and (c) research should be conducted on the ecology and biology of the major snail species to develop a database from which their management within the reserves can be effected.
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Lessu, Rofli J., Mery Pattipeilohy, and Stevin Melay. "PENGARUH CARA PENGOLAHAN DAN WAKTU BERBEDA TERHADAP KADAR PROTEIN DAGING BEKICOT (ACHANTINA FULICA) SEBAGAI SUMBER PROTEIN ALTERNATIF MASYARAKAT NEGERI LESLURU KECAMATAN TEON NILA SERUA (TNS) WAIPIA." Biopendix: Jurnal Biologi, Pendidikan dan Terapan 5, no. 2 (May 22, 2019): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/biopendixvol5issue2page72-81.
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Background: Snail (Achantina fulica) is one of the animals from the gastropod class. Snails are often consumed by the Lesluru people as an alternative source of protein for fish substitutes. This study aims to determine the levels of snail meat protein which is processed by boiling, fumigation and frying, as well as providing information on the nutritional content of snails for the community in general.
Method: The type of research used is experimental research and to test the protein content using the kjeldhal method. This research was conducted from November 4 to November 12, 2018.
Results: This study was analyzed using the normality test, homogeneity test and followed by ANOVA test. In analyzing the data used the SPSS Windows version 16.0 program help. The results of the analysis of protein content of snail meat, known, the highest levels found in the treatment by fumigation with an average protein content of 40.4% while the lowest protein content found in boiling processing with an average protein content of 27.0%.
Conclusion: treatment by fumigation while the lowest protein content is found in the treatment by boiling.
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Szkucik, Krzysztof, Monika Ziomek, Waldemar Paszkiewicz, Łukasz Drozd, Michał Gondek, and Przemysław Knysz. "Fatty acid profile in fat obtained from edible part of land snails harvested in Poland." Journal of Veterinary Research 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2018-0074.
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AbstractIntroduction: The objective was to determine the content of fatty acids in edible snail fat by snail species, collection site, and processing stage.Material and Methods: The research material comprised 180 edible fat samples from the three genera of edible snails collected in Poland: free-living Helix pomatia (HP) and two cultivated Cornu subspecies: C. aspersa maxima (CAM) and C. aspersum aspersum (CAA). All snails came from the Greater Poland and Lower Silesian Provinces: HP from their natural habitat and CAM and CAA from heliciculture farms. The studies focused on the raw meat, cooked meat, and frozen meat processing stages. Fatty acid (FA) profiles were determined by the gas chromatography method.Results:Helix pomatia fat showed a higher saturated fatty acid (SFA) content, whereas the fat of Cornu genus snails had a higher unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) component, i.e. monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Thermal processing of snail meat increased all the determined SFA and decreased all the PUFA values, and increased the content of C18:1, C20:1, and C22:1 acids in the MUFA group. The material collection site had limited impact on FA content as differences were noted only in levels of C18:1, C18:2 n6, and C20:5. The differences pertained only to the fat of farmed snails of the Cornu genus.Conclusion: Due to the high content of UFA and a favourable ratio of n6:n3 acids and PUFA:SFA, snail fat can be regarded as nutritionally valuable.
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Meyer III, Wallace M., Kenneth A. Hayes, Norine W. Yeung, Edward J. Crane III, Alexandra Turvey, Claire LeBlanc, and Andre R. O. Cavalcanti. "The trail less traveled: Envisioning a new approach to identifying key food resources for threatened Hawaiian arboreal snails." Nature Conservation 51 (February 10, 2023): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.51.94952.
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Our understanding of Hawaiian arboreal snails’ diets remains rudimentary, hindering the development of effective conservation strategies. To identify important food resources, we tested the hypothesis that epiphytic microbial assemblages differ on plant species preferred and avoided by snails at Mt. Kaala Natural Area Reserve, where snail plant preferences are known from previous studies. Comparing microbial assemblages on plants that snails both prefer and avoid was identified as a potentially key step to moving research away from characterizing which microbes snails encounter, towards testing if microbial assemblages are driving snail plant preferences. We found that fungal and bacterial assemblages differed between plant species preferred and avoided by snails, indicating that Hawaiian arboreal snails may be selecting plants based on their epiphytic microbial assemblages. Previous microbes thought to be important, Cladosporium spp., propagated in captive rearing facilities, and Botryosphaeria spp., preferred fungi in a feeding experiment, were both rare and had similar abundances on preferred and avoided plant species in Mt. Kaala. Our approach, conducting preference studies before isolating microbes, is key to identifying arboreal snail food resources and improves our ability to identify microbes that form the foundation of Hawaiian arboreal snails’ diet. If we can identify important food resources, it greatly expands our ability to: (1) assess and monitor habitat quality, (2) make informed restoration recommendations, and (3) improve rearing efforts for highly endangered captive reared populations.
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Marszewska, Anna, Anna Cichy, Jana Bulantová, Petr Horák, and Elżbieta Żbikowska. "The chemotactic swimming behavior of bird schistosome miracidia in the presence of compatible and incompatible snail hosts." PeerJ 8 (July 16, 2020): e9487. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9487.
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No effective method has yet been developed to prevent the threat posed by the emerging disease—cercarial dermatitis (swimmer’s itch), caused by infective cercariae of bird schistosomes (Digenea: Schistosomatidae). In our previous studies, the New Zealand mud snail—Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray, 1853; Gastropoda, Tateidae)—was used as a barrier between the miracidia of Trichobilharzia regenti and the target snails Radix balthica. Since the presence of non-indigenous snails reduced the parasite prevalence under laboratory conditions, we posed three new research questions: (1) Do bird schistosomes show totally perfect efficacy for chemotactic swimming behavior? (2) Do the larvae respond to substances emitted by incompatible snail species? (3) Do the excretory-secretory products of incompatible snail species interfere with the search for a compatible snail host? The experiments were carried out in choice-chambers for the miracidia of T. regenti and T. szidati. The arms of the chambers, depending on the variant, were filled with water conditioned by P. antipodarum, water conditioned by lymnaeid hosts, and dechlorinated tap water. Miracidia of both bird schistosome species chose more frequently the water conditioned by snails—including the water conditioned by the incompatible lymnaeid host and the alien species, P. antipodarum. However, species-specific differences were noticed in the behavior of miracidia. T. regenti remained more often inside the base arm rather than in the arm filled with water conditioned by P. antipodarum or the control arm. T. szidati, however, usually left the base arm and moved to the arm filled with water conditioned by P. antipodarum. In conclusion, the non-host snail excretory-secretory products may interfere with the snail host-finding behavior of bird schistosome miracidia and therefore they may reduce the risk of swimmer’s itch.
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Maya, Siti Maesunah Gilang, Raden Roro Fine Ayu Putri, Aisyah Sahara, Galuh Adhiyaksa Ashari, Abdurrahman Zaky, and Dimas Andrianto. "Comparison of Methods for Glucosamine Production from Achatina fulica Shells Waste." Current Biochemistry 4, no. 1 (February 7, 2020): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/cb.4.1.15-22.
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Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease. This disease occurs when the joint feels painful due to mild inflammation that arises due to activity with the bone of end friction joints. Glucosamine has been proven to stimulate the production of cartilage and inhibit the enzyme that destroys cartilage. Glucosamine which was obtained from the hydrolysis of chitin occurs in a variety of animals such as the shell of crustacea, insects, arthropods, and the shell of molluscs (snail shells). There is a large snail population in Indonesia. Some restaurants and people make use by product snails as food sources. However, this process leaves snail shell as a by product. The high yield of glucosamine produced from snail shells use methods such as reflux+water bath and reflux+magnetic stirrer was 1.47%. Glucosamine hydrochloride was obtained through autoclave at 121 °C and pressure 1 atm for 70 minutes. The presence of chitin, chitosan, glucosamine was confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy. A joint pain ointment was prepared using glucosamine hydrochloride from snail shells concentration at 1 % w/w. Results of this research will be very useful for the reduction of agricultural pests while simultaneously generating a new product that can lift the economic value of snail shells.
Keywords: Chitin, Chitosan, Glucosamine, Osteoarthritis, Snail Shells
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Jabal, Arif Rahman, D. Mutiasari, H. Akbar, M. Arfah, M. Marhani, R. Rini, N. Sobak, A. J. Pisu, A. I. Toemon, and A. Ratnasari. "Type of cercaria in freshwater snails at Tunggu Pampang Reservoir, Makassar City, Indonesia." Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity 12, no. 4 (September 9, 2022): 765–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-tci-1700.
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The Tunggu Pampang Reservoir is one of the reservoirs located in the city of Makassar. The functions of the reservoir area was tourist attractions and fish farming locations so that the local community uses them for swimming, fishing, selling, and gardening. The existence of various types of freshwater snails in the reservoir has the potential to act as intermediate hosts for trematodes in animals and humans. This study aimed to analyze the type of cercariae in freshwater snails. This research is a descriptive survey to determine the distribution of trematode larvae. The stages of this research began with the snails were collected from Tunggu Pampang Reservoir, Makassar City. Freshwater snails were collected at several points in the reservoir. Freswater snail collection using hand collecting method. The snails were put into a plastic bag with different types of snails and site of collection. The collected samples and cercariae were examined in the Tropical Disease Laboratory of the Study Program of DIII Medical Laboratory Technology, Megarezky University, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Freshwater snails are placed on a petri dish and their shells were gently crushed with a stamper. Dropped with aquadest on the crushed snail shell. The next step was observed using a microscope to determine the presence of cercariae. Cercariae found then identified according to morphological classification as previously study. A total number of 500 freshwater snail were collected in Tunggu Pampang Reservoir. The results showed that overall snails infected with cercariae was 33,4%. The highest prevalence of cercariae in Indoplanorbis exustus was 94.3%. Total of Echinostoma cercariae found (n = 224) compared to furcocercous cercariae (n = 5). Cercariae of Echinostoma sp., Fasciola gigantica, Fasciolopsis buski living in Tungu Pampang Reservoir can cause diseases in humans and animals. Larval trematodes can be controlled in snails using reducing parasite contamination, monitoring surveillance, information dissemination, and preventive education.
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WALKER, A. J., and D. ROLLINSON. "Specific tyrosine phosphorylation induced in Schistosoma mansoni miracidia by haemolymph from schistosome susceptible, but not resistant, Biomphalaria glabrata." Parasitology 135, no. 3 (December 6, 2007): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182007003964.
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SUMMARYMolecular interplay during snail-schistosome interactions is poorly understood and there is much to discover concerning the effect of snail host molecules on molecular processes in schistosomes. Using the Biomphalaria glabrata – Schistosoma mansoni host-parasite system, the effects of exposure to haemolymph, derived from schistosome-resistant and susceptible snail strains, on protein tyrosine phosphorylation in miracidia have been investigated. Western blotting revealed several tyrosine phosphorylated proteins in this larval stage. Exposure of miracidia to haemolymph from susceptible snails for 60 min resulted in a striking, 5-fold, increase in the tyrosine phosphorylation of a 56 kDa (p56) S. mansoni protein. In contrast, haemolymph from resistant snails had little effect on protein tyrosine phosphorylation levels in miracidia. Confocal microscopy revealed that tyrosine phosphorylation was predominantly associated with proteins present in the tegument. Finally, treatment of miracidia with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein significantly impaired their development into primary sporocysts. The results open avenues for research that focus on the potential importance of phospho-p56 to the outcome of schistosome infection in snails, and the significance of protein tyrosine kinase-mediated signalling events to the transformation of S. mansoni larvae.
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Roy, Hemant K., Patrick Iversen, John Hart, Yang Liu, Jennifer L. Koetsier, Young Kim, Dhanajay P. Kunte, Madhavi Madugula, Vadim Backman, and Ramesh K. Wali. "Down-regulation of SNAIL suppresses MIN mouse tumorigenesis: Modulation of apoptosis, proliferation, and fractal dimension." Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 3, no. 9 (September 1, 2004): 1159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.1159.3.9.
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Abstract Objectives: Emerging evidence implicates the SNAIL family of transcriptional repressors in cancer development; however, the role of SNAIL in colorectal cancer has not been established. To investigate the importance of SNAIL in colorectal carcinogenesis, we examined the phenotypic and cellular consequences of SNAIL down-regulation in the MIN mouse. Methods: Twenty-eight male MIN mice were randomized to treatment with an antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (AS-PMO) to SNAIL, saline, or a scrambled sequence control for 6 weeks. Tumors were scored and the molecular/cellular effects of anti-SNAIL treatment were evaluated through immunohistochemical analysis of the uninvolved intestinal mucosa for SNAIL and E-cadherin levels along with rates of apoptosis and proliferation. Furthermore, microarchitectural alterations were determined through measurement of fractal dimension. Results: In the uninvolved mucosa, SNAIL AS-PMO treatment moderately decreased SNAIL protein when compared with saline-treated animals (immunohistochemistry scores 3.0 ± 0.8 versus 2.1 ± 0.6, respectively; P = 0.01) with a concomitant increase in E-cadherin expression (1.8 ± 0.6 versus 2.4 ± 0.5; P < 0.05). Anti-SNAIL PMO, but not scramble control, resulted in a significant decrease in both total tumor number and incidence of tumors >2 mm (22% and 54%, respectively; P < 0.05). Furthermore, this was accompanied by an increased apoptosis rate (2-fold), decreased proliferation (3-fold), and normalization of the fractal dimension in the uninvolved intestinal mucosa. Conclusions: We show, for the first time, that SNAIL overexpression is important in intestinal tumorigenesis. While this PMO regimen afforded modest SNAIL suppression and hence tumor reduction, this provides compelling evidence for the role of SNAIL overexpression in colonic neoplasia.
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FERGUSON H., TOBINS,, ABUBAKRE, OLADIRAN. K, MURIANA, RASEED.A, and ABDULRAHMAN, SALAWU. A. "Snail Shell as an Inspiring Engineering Material in Science and Technology Development: A Review." International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review 9, no. 03 (March 15, 2018): 20408–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/ijcrr/2018/9/03/473.
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This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the research status on snail shells as inspiring engineering materials in Science and Technology development. Snail shells which represent the bio-shell waste of snails' remnants from restaurants, eateries or snail sellers constitute a serious degree of environmental threat with little or no economic value. Their effective utilization can bring immense economic prosperity. They are very useful raw materials in the treatment of waste water and the purification of aqueous solutions. They can also be used in the production of naturally based materials and for the preparation of calcium for medicinal purposes. Snail shells can be used as fillers in the paper industry to improve the paper capacity or in the cosmetic industries as face powder. Snail shells are suitable reinforcement materials for the production of composites applicable in the automotive components such as pistons, connecting rods and brake pads. Where flexural strength, hardness and impact strength are of paramount importance such as automobile parts, snail shells reinforced unsaturated polyester composites should be given priority. They are good alloying agents for aluminum based composites. The researches in this area are growing very fast, there is need therefore for continuous and upgraded review on this theme.
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Rahayu, Putri, Nurul Istiqomah, and Farida Adriani. "Uji Efektivitas Alih Fungsi Perangkap Ikan Model Bubu Menjadi Perangkap Hama Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata L.) dengan Berbagai Atraktan Biologi." RAWA SAINS : JURNAL SAINS STIPER AMUNTAI 8, no. 2 (December 8, 2018): 667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36589/rs.v8i2.90.
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Golden snail or murbei snail is one of the important pests of rice plants because the damage caused can reach an intensity of 13,2-96,5%. The results of the south Kalimantan BPTPH observation of golden snail attacks in the north Hulu Sungai Utara Regency increased from 0,3 ha in 2015 to 1 ha in 2016. One of the controls of golden snail pest which uses fish traps in bubu, bait is one of the important factors to support the success of a fishing operation with traps and fishing rods. Attractant plants are chemical compounds that act as bait against pests, the use of attractant plants to attract snails is one the most environmentally friendly ways to control it. This research was conducted in the village of Pakacangan districts Amuntai Hulu Sungai Utara. Research using Randomized Block Design (RBD), grouping based on the water level. The factors studied were planted type (A), which consisted of 4 levels, namely: a1= papaya leaves, a2= taro leaves, a3= dried onions leaves, and a4= cassava leaves. The results showed that various attractant plants had no effect on the amount of golden snail 5, 10, and 15 days after installation, but had a significant effect on the weight of the feed residue, the total weight of the feed and the length of the feed.
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PASZKIEWICZ, WALDEMAR, KRZYSZTOF SZKUCIK, MONIKA ZIOMEK, RENATA PYZ-ŁUKASIK, ŁUKASZ DROZD, and ZBIGNIEW BEŁKOT. "Variability of microbial contamination of edible snail meat depending on species and location." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 74, no. 9 (2018): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.5970.
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The objective of the research was to determine the microbiological status of raw and frozen (cooked) snail meat obtained from both free-living and farmed edible snails. The research material comprised meat samples (10 g each) collected from three snail species, i.e. Roman snail (Helix pomatia – HP), small brown garden snail (Cornu aspersum aspersum – CAA) and large brown garden snail (Cornu aspersum maxima – CAM). Roman snails were collected in their natural environment in Greater Poland Voivodeship (region A: HPA) and Lower Silesian Voivodeship (region B: HPB). The Cornu genus snails were obtained from two different heliciculture farms in Greater Poland Voivodeship (farm A: CAAA and CAMA) and Lower Silesian Voivodeship (farm B: CAAB and CAMB). In both farms, snails were maintained under the mixed rearing system. Raw meat samples, taken from the edible portion of snails, that is, the foot with the collar and a fragment of the mantle, were obtained after the snails had been sacrificed in the laboratory. Frozen meat samples came from a snail meat processing facility. The samples were analyzed to determine the total bacterial count and the counts of Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas and Aeromonas, as well as psychotropic and proteolytic bacteria counts. Proteolytic bacteria were counted according to appropriate methodology, whereas the counts of other groups of microorganisms were obtained in accordance with the Polish Standards. Bacterial contamination levels (expressed as log cfu/g) were analyzed using the Statistica software (version 10.0). All values are presented as means and standard deviations. The total aerobic bacteria counts for HPA, HPB, CAAA, CAMA, CAAB and CAMB samples were, respectively, 5.78, 5.10, 6.00, 6.55, 5.12 and 5.21 log cfu/g in the case of raw meat, and 4.59, 4.75, 4.60, 5.13, 4.25 and 4.68 log cfu/g in the case of frozen meat. It was found that bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family were prevalent in both raw and frozen snail meat. The percentage of contaminated samples oscillated between 73.3% (HPB and CAMB) and 96.7% (CAAA and CAAB) for raw meat and between 20% (CAAA) and 100% (CAMA) for frozen meat. The quantitative contamination of raw meat with Enterobacteriaceae varied from 2.54 (HPB) to 4.75 log cfu/g (CAAA) and was higher by 1.0 to almost 2.0 log in farm snail meat as compared to Roman snail meat. The quantitative contamination of frozen meat was lower, ranging from 0.5 (HPA, CAAA and CAMA) to 1.65 log cfu/g (CAMB). All samples of raw and frozen snail meat were free from E. coli (contamination below 1 log cfu/g). In the raw snail meat, enterococci were recovered from 3 (10%) HPA, 6 (20%) HPB, 9 (30%) CAAA, 18 (60%) CAMA, 6 (20%) CAAB and 17 (56.6%) CAMB samples. The contamination levels for HPA, HPB, CAAA, CAMA, CAAB and CAMB raw meat samples were, respectively, 0.3, 0.63, 0.42, 2.0, 0.66 and 1.57 log cfu/g. In the frozen snail meat, enterococci were detected in 13 (43.3%) HPA, 13 (43.3%) HPB, 6 (20%) CAAA, 16 (53.3%) CAMA, 1 (3.3%) CAAB and 10 (30%) CAMB samples. The contamination level was similar for all kinds of samples, ranging between 0.48 (CAAA) and 2.11 log cfu/g (CAMA). The percentages of raw and frozen meat samples contaminated with staphylococci were similar, ranging from 50% (HPA) to 86.7% (CAMA) for raw meat and from 50% (HPA) to 100% (CAAA, CAMA and CAMB) for frozen meat. Quantitative contamination levels were also similar, oscillating between 1.48 (HPA) and 2.84 log cfu/g (CAMB) for raw meat and between 1.89 (HPA) and 3.28 log cfu/g (CAMA) for frozen meat. The percentage of samples contaminated with psychotropic bacteria was also similar for raw and frozen snail meat, varying from 90% to 100%. Quantitative contamination with these bacteria oscillated between 3.17 (HPB) and 5.53 log cfu/g (CAMA) for raw meat and between 2.95 (HPA) and 4.12 log cfu/g (CAMA) for frozen meat. Bacteria from the Pseudomonas genus were confirmed in 63.3% of raw meat samples, in which the contamination level ranged from 2.22 (HPA) to 4.15 log cfu/g (CAAA), and in 96.7% of frozen meat samples, which contained from 1.12 (CAMA) to 2.21 log cfu/g (HPB) of these microorganisms. In raw meat, bacteria from Aeromonas genus were identified in all HPA samples as well as in 29 (96.7%) HPB, 26 (86.7%) CAAA, 21 (70%) CAMA, 29 (96.7%) CAAB and 17 (56.7%) CAMB samples. These bacteria were also present in a similar proportion of frozen meat samples (46.7-100%). The contamination level for raw meat samples oscillated between 2.74 (CAMB) and 4.73 log cfu/g (CAAA), whereas for frozen meat samples, it was substantially lower, ranging between 1.14 (CAMA) and 2.58 log cfu/g (CAAB). Proteolytic microbes were isolated more frequently from frozen snail meat. The percentage of contaminated samples varied from 80% (HPB and CAAA) to 100% (the rest) for frozen meat and from 36.7% (CAMA) to 93.3% (CAMB) for raw meat. The quantitative contamination level for frozen meat ranged from 3.17 (CAAA) to 4.44 log cfu/g (CAMA) and was generally lower than in the raw meat, where it varied between 2.07 (HPA) and 4.90 log cfu/g (CAMA). Snail meat is characterized by a high level of total microbiological contamination. The species of snails and the place where they live are often significant factors determining the level of contamination, which is higher in farm snail meat than in Roman snail meat. Heat treatment reduced the counts of bacteria found in raw meat. The increase in the number of staphylococci and enterococci in frozen meat (statistically significant only for staphylococci in snail meat from farm A) suggests the possibility of a secondary contamination of heat-treated meat. Therefore, a necessary condition for obtaining a safe and durable product is absolute compliance by the staff with appropriate procedures for hand hygiene and proper handling of food during production..
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Bonn, Dorothy. "Cone-snail depletion threatens medical research." Lancet Oncology 4, no. 12 (December 2003): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(03)01293-2.
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Pavlič, Ana, Nina Hauptman, Emanuela Boštjančič, and Nina Zidar. "Long Non-Coding RNAs as Potential Regulators of EMT-Related Transcription Factors in Colorectal Cancer—A Systematic Review and Bioinformatics Analysis." Cancers 14, no. 9 (May 3, 2022): 2280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14092280.
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Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis, influencing cancer progression, metastases, stemness, immune evasion, metabolic reprogramming and therapeutic resistance. EMT in most carcinomas, including colorectal carcinoma (CRC), is only partial, and can be evidenced by identification of the underlying molecular drivers and their regulatory molecules. During EMT, cellular reprogramming is orchestrated by core EMT transcription factors (EMT-TFs), namely ZEB1/2, TWIST1/2, SNAI1 (SNAIL) and SNAI2 (SLUG). While microRNAs have been clearly defined as regulators of EMT, the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in EMT is poorly defined and controversial. Determining the role of lncRNAs in EMT remains a challenge, because they are involved in a number of cellular pathways and are operating through various mechanisms. Adding to the complexity, some lncRNAs have controversial functions across different tumor types, acting as EMT promotors in some tumors and as EMT suppressors in others. The aim of this review is to summarize the role of lncRNAs involved in the regulation of EMT-TFs in human CRC. Additional candidate lncRNAs were identified through a bioinformatics analysis.
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Ballard, Kaylene R., Anne H. Klein, Richard A. Hayes, Tianfang Wang, and Scott F. Cummins. "The protein and volatile components of trail mucus in the Common Garden Snail, Cornu aspersum." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 27, 2021): e0251565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251565.
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The Common or Brown Garden Snail, Cornu aspersum, is an invasive land snail that has successfully colonized a diverse range of global environments. Like other invasive land snails, it is a significant pest of a variety of agricultural crops, including citrus, grapes and canola. Cornu aspersum secretes a mucus trail when mobile that facilitates locomotion. The involvement of the trail in conspecific chemical communication has also been postulated. Our study found that anterior tentacle contact with conspecific mucus elicited a significant increase in heart rate from 46.9 to 51 beats per minute. In order to gain a better understanding of the constituents of the trail mucus and the role it may play in snail communication, the protein and volatile components of mucus trails were investigated. Using two different protein extraction methods, mass spectrometry analysis yielded 175 different proteins, 29 of which had no significant similarity to any entries in the non-redundant protein sequence database. Of the mucus proteins, 22 contain features consistent with secreted proteins, including a perlucin-like protein. The eight most abundant volatiles detected using gas chromatography were recorded (including propanoic acid and limonene) and their potential role as putative pheromones are discussed. In summary, this study has provided an avenue for further research pertaining to the role of trail mucus in snail communication and provides a useful repository for land snail trail mucus components. This may be utilized for further research regarding snail attraction and dispersal, which may be applied in the fields of agriculture, ecology and human health.
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Putra, Sukis Ramadhan, and Saifuddin Hasjim. "EFEKTIVITAS MOLUSKISIDA BERBAHAN AKTIF NIKLOSAMIDA TERHADAP HAMA KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata L.) PADA TANAMAN PADI." JURNAL BIOINDUSTRI 1, no. 2 (May 17, 2019): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.31326/jbio.v1i2.312.
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Golden apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata L.) is one of important pests in rice cultivation that could making damage up to 90%. Some attempt to control that often done among them is mechanical control and chemical control by using molluscicide. One of type of molluscicide that is have predominence to control golden apple snail is molluscicide with active ingredient of niclosamide with character contact pesticide. The purpose of this research to know the effectivity of molluscicide niclosamide to control golden apple snail pest by treatment of various concentration. This research was conducted in the Lampeji Village, Jember using Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatment and 4 replication with concentration of molluscicide each of which is 0 ml/l, 1 ml/l, 2 ml/l, 3 ml/l, 4 ml/l, and 5 ml/l. The observed variables is mortality of golden apple snail, crops damage intensity, and total eggs group produced by golden apple snail. The result show that treatments of molluscicide with active ingredient of niclosamide could control golden apple snail with value 61,75% until 89,06%. The effective and efficient treatment is application treatment with value of concentration is 3ml/l with value 84,68%. Application of molluscicide with active ingredient of niclosamide also affected in crops damage intensity. The result of crops damage intensity is coming up with score from 8,28% until 23,03%. Treatments of molluscicide with active ingredient of niclosamide overall could reduce potention of spawn eggs from golden apple snail pest. Eggs only found in control found 1 to 3 eggs group, whereas in P1-P5 no.
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Swami, Meera. "Suppression by Snail." Nature Reviews Cancer 9, no. 4 (April 2009): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrc2631.
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Peng, Chih-Yu, Yi-Wen Liao, Ming-Yi Lu, Chieh-Mei Yang, Pei-Ling Hsieh, and Cheng-Chia Yu. "Positive Feedback Loop of SNAIL-IL-6 Mediates Myofibroblastic Differentiation Activity in Precancerous Oral Submucous Fibrosis." Cancers 12, no. 6 (June 18, 2020): 1611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12061611.
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Oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) is a premalignant disorder of the oral cavity, and areca nut chewing is known to be a major etiological factor that could induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and activate buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BMFs). However, this detailed mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we showed that the upregulation of Snail in OSF samples and fibrotic BMFs (fBMFs) may result from constant irritation by arecoline, a major alkaloid of the areca nut. The elevation of Snail triggered myofibroblast transdifferentiation and was crucial to the persistent activation of fBMFs. Meanwhile, Snail increased the expression of numerous fibrosis factors (e.g., α-SMA and collagen I) as well as IL-6. Results from bioinformatics software and a luciferase-based reporter assay revealed that IL-6 was a direct target of Snail. Moreover, IL-6 in BMFs was found to further increase the expression of Snail and mediate Snail-induced myofibroblast activation. These findings suggested that there was a positive loop between Snail and IL-6 to regulate the areca nut-associated myofibroblast transdifferentiation, which implied that the blockage of Snail may serve as a favorable therapeutic strategy for OSF treatment.
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Dewi, Vira Kusuma, Brinadia Solihati, Wawan Kurniawan, Ceppy Nasahi, and Nur Fitrianti. "Density, Distribution and Population Structure of Apple Golden Snail (Pomacea canaliculata L.) in Organic and Conventional Paddy field Ecosystems." CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection 4, no. 2 (January 22, 2022): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/cropsaver.v4i2.37560.
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Golden snail is one of the important pests that attack paddy crops. The structure of golden snail is divided into 3 based on the size of the shell diameter, namely juveniles (0.5-1 cm), preadults (1-2.5 cm), and adults (2.5-4 cm). The paddy cultivation system can affect the golden snail population. The purpose of this study was to determine the density, distribution and population structure of the golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata L.) with case studies in Cicalengka (conventional field) and Ciparay (organic field), District of Bandung, from October 2020-January 2021. This research used survey method with sampling technique in purposive sampling. At each location divided into 5 fields with sized 10x5 m which were divided into 7 quadrant plots. Sampling was carried out at the age of paddy crops 14,21,28, and 35 days after planting. The observerd parameters were density, distribution pattern using the Index of Morisita (Id) and population structure of P. canaliculata. The results showed that the density of P. canaliculata in organic field was higher than in conventional field. The average population structure of pre-adult golden snails in organic and conventional rice fields was significantly different at 14-35 days after planting (DAP) and adult golden snails at 14, 28, and 35 DAP. Distribution pattern of P. canaliculata in organic and conventional were grouped.
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Wang, Lucas, Brittany Harlow, Laura Bowers, Stephen Hursting, Linda A. deGraffenried, and Andrew Jacob Brenner. "The role of miR200c in leptin-mediated triple-negative breast cancer progression to an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e12548-e12548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e12548.
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e12548 Background: Almost 40% of women with breast cancer are obese at diagnosis. Obesity is associated with a worse prognosis in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Preclinical studies have shown that leptin is an important factor associated with TNBC by promoting cancer stem cell (CSC) enrichment and/or epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Transcription factors SNAIL, TWIST and ZEB are critical components in enhancing EMT in cancer cells. The specific mechanism(s) by leptin regulates SNAIL, TWIST and ZEB expression remain unclear, limiting the development of effective interventions to improve outcomes in obese TNBC patients. Recent studies have demonstrated that miR200c, downstream of leptin receptor signaling, regulates the expression of SNAIL1, TWIST and ZEB. We will test the hypothesis that leptin contributes to obesity-induced EMT/CSC in TNBC through modulation of miR200c. Methods: Ob-R (leptin receptor) expression was suppressed in TNBC MDA-MB-231 and E-Wnt cells using shRNA (Ob-R null). Ob-R and Ob-R null cells were exposed to sera pooled from lean or obese women, as well as lean sera supplemented with leptin, after which expression of SNAIL, TWIST, ZEB and miR200c was measured by qPCR, while activation of the JAK-STAT pathway was assessed by Western blotting. Results: TNBC cells exposed to obese and high leptin conditions demonstrated increased expression of EMT markers compared to levels expressed under lean conditions. The Ob-R WT and null cells were used to determine the specific role of leptin signaling in regulating expression of SNAIL, TWIST and ZEB through miR200c. Conclusions: Both obese and high leptin conditions result in increased expression of EMT regulators, suggesting that effective targeting of this pathway may provide clinical benefit in the obese breast cancer patient. Elucidating the specific mediators of this pathway will guide development of novel and more potent medical therapies.
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Rozumnaya, Lyubov Anatolyevna, Alexander Borisovich \ Petrushin, Grigory Emelyanovich Servetnik, and Roman Viktorovich Zhelankin. "Cultivation of Helix pomatia grape snail in integration with pond fisheries." Rybovodstvo i rybnoe hozjajstvo (Fish Breeding and Fisheries), no. 12 (December 10, 2021): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-09-2112-05.
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The article considers the possibility of integrating pond fish farming with the cultivation of grape snail - a new promising direction of agricultural production in Russia. The biological features of H. pomatia allow it to be grown on dams of ponds and make it a promising object of integration into pond fish farms. At the first stages of the integration of the grape snail, a herd of 300 individuals was created at the experimental base of the Research Institute of Integrated Fish Farming, individuals from the local population were selected quite large (average weight 25.6 g), outwardly healthy with an intact shell. Snail feeding was carried out in an open fenced area of 16 m². The peculiarities of the nutrition of the grape snail were studied in laboratory and field conditions. It was found that the snail willingly eats dandelion, burdock, nettle, etc. growing on the dams of ponds. Promising objects for landing on dams and additional nutrition of the snail are-lettuce, zucchini, parsley. Along with the selection of the diet, the search for optimal parameters of illumination and humidity for an experienced herd of snails was carried out. When the temperature rises above the optimum and there is no precipitation, the humidity of the air and soil in the feeding area was maintained by regular sprinkling with water from the pond. The illumination was regulated by a system of canopies and shelters in the form of wooden shields. The soils of the dam are peat, so additional liming is required, and bone flour, crushed eggshells can be used as a source of calcium for the formation of the shell. Grape snails are hermaphrodites, but during mating there is an exchange of sexual products, so the total number of producers required for obtaining offspring is 2 times less than when breeding different-sex individuals. The snail spawning took place in the feeding area, the caviar is large with a mass of 0.15 g and a diameter of 6.14 mm. Wintering is also possible at the feeding site during preliminary preparatory measures.
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Ligaszewski, Maciej, Przemysław Pol, Iwona Radkowska, and Andrzej Łysak. "Observations on the Maturation and Development of a Roman Snail (Helix Pomatia, Linnaeus, 1758) Population of Farmed Origin in Natural Plots." Annals of Animal Science 16, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 1163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2016-0018.
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Abstract Observations were made concerning active species protection of the Roman snail. Samples were collected from three natural plots in which 3,000 marked hatchlings of farmed origin, aged 1+ (three individuals per m2), were placed in mid-May 2011. The hatchlings originated from breeding snails of the park, or ‘source’ plot. The other plots were a forest, or ‘inhabited’ plot, occupied by a foreign population and a cultivated ‘empty’ plot, which had been emptied of its natural population. By the end of June 2012, the introduced snails were aged 2+, when snails of this species reach maturity. During this period, as part of the analysis of collected samples, the snails in their final maturation period in this age group were divided into mature and immature groups. After thirteen months of observations, a greater density was observed for the farm-originated, naturalised population in the ‘empty’ plot than in the total populations for the other two plots. In the ‘empty’ plot the percentage of somatic and sexually mature farmed snails aged 2+ was significantly higher than in the same snail groups from the other two research plots. There were no statistically significant differences between the shell diameters of the mature farmed snails in all the research plots. The Roman snails of farmed origin considerably extended their territorial range, maintaining their high percentage share in the local natural populations.
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Drozd, Łukasz, Monika Ziomek, Krzysztof Szkucik, Waldemar Paszkiewicz, Monika Maćkowiak-Dryka, Zbigniew Bełkot, and Michał Gondek. "Selenium, copper, and zinc concentrations in the raw and processed meat of edible land snails harvested in Poland." Journal of Veterinary Research 61, no. 3 (September 26, 2017): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2017-0039.
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Abstract Introduction: The objective of the present research was to carry out a comparative assessment of copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations in the meat of edible land snails collected in Poland (Helix pomatia, Cornu aspersum maxima, and Cornu aspersum aspersum), as well as to determine the effect of preliminary processing of Roman snails (Helix pomatia) on the content of the aforementioned elements. Material and Methods: In the first stage, determinations were made on unprocessed snail meat. In the second stage, the study focused on Roman snails and consisted in an additional evaluation of frozen meat after full processing. Zinc and copper contents were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and the selenium content was established by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The selenium content differed significantly among all three species. The copper content in Roman snails differed significantly from that in farmed snails. No significant difference in the zinc level was noted among the three snail species. The selenium content in raw and processed meat of Roman snails did not show any significant difference while the copper and zinc level was significantly higher in processed meat samples. Conclusion: The present research on the meat of edible snails showed different levels of selenium, copper, and zinc, depending on the species, collection site, and subjection to processing.
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Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė, Rita. "DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE PRIMARY TEACHERS’ SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDE TOWARDS LIVE OBJECTS: CASE OF OBSERVATION OF A BURGUNDY SNAIL." Natural Science Education in a Comprehensive School (NSECS) 23, no. 1 (April 15, 2017): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/gu/17.23.34.
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The study programme of Primary Education includes Didactics of Natural Science Education (10 ECTS) and Culture and Technologies of Regional Studies (summer practicum) (5 ECTS). The latter study subject aims at educational learning of regional culture, animate and inanimate nature. In natural science education it is particularly important to ensure that curriculum is implemented through active engagement of learners: exploring, experimenting, exchanging experience and discovering. It is important to ensure that learning is conducted employing natural means and school learners are familiarised with real natural objects and phenomena. Therefore, the summer practicum for future primary teachers is organised in green learning environments through exploration and active involvement. During the summer practicum, which lasts two weeks, students take part in field or hiking trips, complete a big variety of assignments. One of them is familiarisation with the Burgundy snail: its observation and related research assignments. The snail is an appropriate object to learn animate nature as early as pre-school age. Since natural science education is based on the scientific approach, all the research assignments carried out at school contain the structure of a scientific method (observation, hypothesis, experiment, interpretation, conclusions). Growing snails in the classroom, learners are able to get acquainted with the features characteristic of organisms, parts of their bodies; a close access to snails allows for school learners‘ understanding of differences between animate and inanimate objects; a longer care of snails enables school students to observe the process of their reproduction: laying of eggs and development; while feeding snails it is possible to identify what they eat and what food they dislike; observing snails it is not difficult to notice their reactions to the environment and what organs help them to orient in the surrounding environment, etc. Keeping a living creature in the classroom, school children learn to follow hygiene regulations and to responsibly behave with animals. Possessing experience in raising animals, children are able to apply their knowledge and abilities in new contexts, i.e. speaking about feeding, keeping and living conditions of other animals, etc. Following the principle that “personal experience is much more important than the read truth”, school students received a task to keep and observe a Burgundy snail for a week. The students recorded experiments with the snails and reflected their activities in their observation diaries. The article presents the results received after the analysis of observation diaries of 19 students containing information collected while observing the Burgundy snail. The pedagogical influence of such activities on development of students’ scientific approach is also evaluated in the article. Keywords: development of scientific attitude, future primary teachers, observation of snails, research works.
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Heryanto, Heryanto. "Land snails on two different sides of Mt. Galunggung." BIO Web of Conferences 19 (2020): 00007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201900007.
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It has been 32 years since the eruption of Mount Galunggung that the land snail diversity in the area were examined, not only in the stricken area but also in the secure place on the other side. The recent collection found 250 snails of 10 families (29 species). In the impacted area, 15 species (154 individuals) of land snails were discovered, whereas 18 species (96 individuals) were discovered in the unimpacted area. By a t-Student statistical analysis (95% confidence interval) for comparison between area of equal variances it was discovered that the two area differ significantly. The analysis was continued by using NMDS of PAST to show the difference more detail. This research proves that the snail assemblage in the impact area of eruption area were different with the snail’s assemblage in the unimpacted other side of the Mount.
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Ridwanudin, Asep, Muhammad Firdaus, Idham Sumarto Pratama, and Sigit Anggoro Putro Dwiono. "EFFECT OF VARIOUS DIETARY SEAWEEDS ON THE GROWTH OF GOLD-MOUTH TURBAN (Turbo chrysostomus L., 1758) AT LOMBOK, INDONESIA." Marine Research in Indonesia 41, no. 1 (May 31, 2016): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/mri.v41i1.91.
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Gold-mouth turban (Turbo chrysostomus L., 1758) is an important source of protein for coastal people in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. In order to acquire its seed production technique, research on the culture of the species was carried out since 2012. Feed source is a key concern when culturing animal, including turban snail. Growth of gold-mouth turban fed with seaweed Gracilaria sp., Ulva spp., and Kappaphycus alvarezii was evaluated. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 30 snail juveniles with an initial body weight and shell length of 4.65 ± 0.00 g and 24.55 ± 0.08 mm, respectively. After six weeks feeding trial, snails fed with Gracilaria sp. diet had significantly higher (P < 0.05) in final weight, final shell length, weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR) and food intake compared to snails fed with Ulva spp. or K. alvarezii diets.
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Samsi, Andi Nur, and Rusmidin Rusmidin. "Kepadatan Siput Terebralia palustris (Jantan dan Betina) pada Ekosistem Mangrove Pulau Pannikiang." Justek : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 5, no. 2 (November 2, 2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/justek.v5i2.9726.
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Abstract: The snail Terebralia palustris is a species of snail that lives in the mangrove ecosystem on Pannikiang Island, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi. This snail is known as "Bakoleng" by local residents. This research is critical to know because these snails are consumed by local residents and to find out the location with the highest density. Sampling was conducted once every month from August 2018 to July 2019. The study was conducted for ten months. Due to unfavorable environmental conditions, the research was not conducted in December 2018 and January 2019. Sampling was carried out using a plot size of 1x1 m2 at stations A and B. Data were analyzed and tabulated using Excel. Male snails were 33.47% and females at station A were 66.53%, while at station B the males were 25.91% and females were 74.09%. The ratio of male snails at station A is 31.88% while at station B is 68.12%. The ratio of female snails at station A is 24.54%, while at station B is 75.46%. The number of female snails is always more than the male. The density of male and female snails was higher at station B. This allowed the snail harvest to be can carry out at station B.Abstrak: Siput Terebralia palustris merupakan salah satu spesies siput yang hidup pada ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Pannikiang, Kabupaten Barru, Sulawesi Selatan. Siput ini dikenal dengan nama “Bakoleng” oleh warga setempat. Penelitian ini penting diketahui karena siput ini dikonsumsi oleh warga setempat dan untuk mengetahui titik lokasi dengan kepadatan tertinggi. Sampling dilakukan sekali setiap bulan mulai bulan Agustus 2018 sampai Juli 2019. Penelitian dilakukan selama sepuluh bulan. Penelitian tidak dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2018 dan Januari 2019 karena kondisi lingkungan tidak mendukung. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan plot ukuran 1x1 m2 pada stasiun A dan B. Data dianalisis dan ditabulasi dengan menggunakan excel. Siput jantan sebesar 33,47% dan betina di stasiun A sebesar 66,53% sedangkan di stasiun B untuk jantan yaitu 25,91% dan betina yaitu 74,09%. Perbandingan siput jantan di stasiun A yaitu 31,88% sedangkan di stasiun B yaitu 68,12%. Perbandingan siput betina di stasiun A yaitu 24,54% sedangkan di stasiun B yaitu 75,46%. Jumlah siput betina selalu lebih banyak dibandingkan jantan. Kepadatan siput jantan dan betina lebih tinggi pada stasiun B. Hal ini memungkinkan panen siput dilakukan di stasiun B.