Journal articles on the topic 'SME in Thailand'
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Yuwawutto, Sauwapa, Thitapha Smitinont, Numtip Charoenanong, Nattaka Yokakul, Somchai Chatratana, and Girma Zawdie. "A Triple Helix Strategy for Promoting SME Development." Industry and Higher Education 24, no. 3 (June 2010): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000010791657509.
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This paper examines the university–industry–government relationship as a mechanism for enhancing the efficiency and competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The case of a community enterprise producing dried banana products in the north of Thailand is used to demonstrate the significance of the Triple Helix model for business and technology development in SMEs. Government initiatives designed to promote innovation leading to price and quality competitiveness of the products of SMEs and community enterprises are explored and their effectiveness is discussed. In developing countries, where there are weak links and limited interactions between the institutional sectors of government, academia and industry, intermediaries play a crucial role in building networks to facilitate the transfer and exchange of knowledge. Effective network links would enable SMEs to have access to various sources of financial, knowledge, technology and market support. In Thailand, the Industrial Technology Assistance Programme (ITAP) plays an important intermediary role in identifying the needs of SMEs, accessing relevant knowledge and technology from universities and other sources of knowledge, and matching the demand of SMEs for knowledge/technology with the supply available from universities and research and development laboratories. The experience of the dried banana community enterprise discussed in this paper gives credence to the view that SMEs in developing countries such as Thailand would benefit significantly from technology policy based on the Triple Helix model and the proactive role of intermediary agencies such as ITAP.
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Srimarut, Thammarak, and Witthaya Mekhum. "Factor Effecting of Durian Innovation Product of SME Industry: Study in South of Thailand." Research in World Economy 11, no. 6 (September 23, 2020): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/rwe.v11n6p38.
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Innovation is a process of creating new things or simply a new idea. Innovation helps the organization to find a competitive edge for survival. Innovation improves the quality of existing products like durian products in Thailand. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the link between factors that affect the durian product innovation in the small and medium industries working in the south of Thailand. Respondents of this study are employees working in the SME industry of the south of Thailand. Data is collected through a questionnaire via e-mail. Data is cross-sectional and the study is quantitative. Results generated from PLS revealed that factors that affect the durian product innovation are customer base, department of research and development and level of competition has a positive significant impact on durian product innovation. Technological innovativeness also has a positive significant impact on durian product innovation and also mediates the relationship between the level of competition and durian product innovation in the SME industry of the south of Thailand. Policymakers should focus on these factors for increasing the innovation of durian products.
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Banomyong, Ruth, and Nucharee Supatn. "Supply chain assessment tool development in Thailand: an SME perspective." International Journal of Procurement Management 4, no. 3 (2011): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpm.2011.040368.
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Wonglimpiyarat, Jarunee. "From SME Bank to Technology Bank." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 7, no. 4 (November 2006): 251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000006779111602.
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This paper is concerned with the attempts of the Small and Medium Enterprise Development Bank of Thailand (SME Bank) to move towards becoming a technology bank to support the generation of new businesses and innovations. Being the bank for technology-based businesses to increase the nation's innovation capacity is the great challenge for SME Bank, as it needs to garner integrated financial and entrepreneurial support as well as a network of alliances. The paper proposes a model based on venture capital management for changing the innovative environment to create a technology economy. These innovative initiatives at SME Bank would be useful for economies in other developing countries to launch programmes supporting the diffusion and commercialization of innovations.
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Pathak, S., and M. M. Ahmad. "Coping mechanisms of SME in response to 2011 floods in Pathumthani, Thailand." International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering 6, no. 3 (August 31, 2016): 597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/safe-v6-n3-597-606.
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Butdee, Suthep. "Sustainability Manufacturing Assesment using PCA for Thai SME Bus Building Companies." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 3403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.3403.
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Sustainability manufacturing is indispensable to change and adapt from existing processes which enrich huge expertise. However, it needs to have prior assessment. Thai SME bus building companies are mostly established for more than 30 years of experiences. However, they still lack of competitiveness. The manufacturing process is time consuming, high costs and used extra material. This paper proposes the sustainability manufacturing assessment according to the D4S method associated by PCA tool. Five major companies in Thailand are surveyed and mapped to diagnose for sustainability level.
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Na-Nan, Khahan, Kanokporn Chaiprasit, and Peerapong Pukkeeree. "Performance management in SME high-growth sectors and high-impact sectors in Thailand." International Journal of Engineering Business Management 9 (January 1, 2017): 184797901771845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1847979017718451.
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Performance management (PM) plays a vital role in the successful operation of an organization. It is essential for organizations to understand the correlations between factors, problems and solutions to enhance the efficiency of PM. Mixed method research is applied, including explanatory sequential design (Quan → Qual). By analysing findings and interviews from a cluster of small and medium enterprise (SME) high-growth sectors and high-impact sectors based on descriptive and inferential statistics, the PM finding is that these two SMEs are not different. Moreover, the factors that influence PM are recruitment, retention and retirement. Regarding PM problems, the key factors are a lack of employee participation, unclear goals, unfair evaluations, ineffectual communication and ineffective application of evaluations to improve PM. Therefore, related private and government organizations should enhance their knowledge and understanding of problem-solving procedures by attending trainings or discussing these topics with experts to raise their awareness of PM and to learn how to resolve related issues, particularly factors that directly influence PM, to ensure progress in their performance.
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Muangmee, Chaiyawit, Zdzisława Dacko-Pikiewicz, Nusanee Meekaewkunchorn, Nuttapon Kassakorn, and Bilal Khalid. "Green Entrepreneurial Orientation and Green Innovation in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)." Social Sciences 10, no. 4 (April 13, 2021): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10040136.
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Since environmental issues are becoming an integral part of business performances, policymakers and managers have started recognizing the importance of green innovation towards sustainable business performances. The role of the automotive parts industry is crucial in minimizing environmental degradation and promoting sustainable development. Yet few studies have focused on the connection between green entrepreneurial orientation and green innovation that may affect small and medium enterprise (SME) business performance. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of green entrepreneurial orientation on green innovations, and its effects on sustainable business performances in the automotive parts industry in Thailand. The sample consists of 226 SMEs in the automotive parts industry in Thailand. The partial least square method (PLS-SEM) has been used for the analysis of data. The results of the study show that green innovations have the strongest influence on economic and environmental performances. This study contributes to resource-based view theory by incorporating green innovation as a strategic competency of SMEs’ performance. Further, green entrepreneurial orientation and green innovation can assist SME managers in understanding the factors leading to sustainable performance of businesses.
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Panthamit, Nisit, Pornchai Wisuttisak, and Duy Chandina. "Regulatory And Business Environments In Cambodia: Case Studies Of Cambodia And Thailand Sme Investors’." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 23, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 65–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jati.vol23no2.4.
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SYAH, Ahmad Mujafar, Liou-Yuan LI, Muhammad SYUKUR, Tai-Ju WU, and Viphawanee BOON. "The Implication of Transnational Communication Framework on Domestic Plastic Policy Understanding. A Study of Tourism’s SMEs in Thailand." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 12, no. 5 (September 10, 2021): 1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v12.5(53).01.
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Ironically, with an overwhelming usage of plastic shopping bags, and product packaging among Thailand’s small medium enterprises like the nation’s tourism street markets, literature, and informed practices on Thailand’s domestic plastic policy communications towards a policy understanding, are still insufficient. The current condition has eventually made this study possible. The research significance has reflected the diffusion of transnational communication framework towards domestic policy transfer and underscored a better attempt of policy understanding process especially towards tourism’s SME. The research employed a quantitative methodology with a total of 380 paper questionnaires distributed to SME sellers at Chatuchak Weekend Market in Bangkok. While the research endeavored to exercise the policy communications evidence of two major plastic policies in Thailand (National 3R Strategy Campaign & Plastic Debris Management Plan 2017-2021), of 380 respondents, 300 (79% response rate) were validated and proceeded to the next sequence of the survey as they had knowledge about mentioned two policies. With three types of communications venues proposed (non-formal, semi-formal & formal) and targeting three different policy understandings (objective, subjective & overall policy understanding), the finding has shown that all proposed communication venues, although robustly designed by an applicable theoretical foundation, did not contribute to the plastic’s overall policy understanding. Nevertheless, formal communication venues contributed positively toward an objective understanding of the policy, and non-formal venues toward subjective understanding. Most significantly, the distinctive finding of this research is a strong argument that Thailand’s government has not fully deemed the effective strategy and framework for its domestic plastic policy transfer - notably to tourism’s SMEs.
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Yang, Liping, and Vesarach Aumeboonsuke. "The Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Firm Performance: The Multiple Mediating Roles of Competitive Strategy and Knowledge Creation Process." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (July 7, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2339845.
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The strategy and knowledge creation process help entrepreneurial SME managers achieve sustainable competitive advantage and firm performance. This study aims to investigate the multiple mediating roles of competitive strategies and knowledge creation processes implemented by Chinese SMEs in Thailand between their entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. Structural equation model is used to analyze data collected from Chinese SMEs in Thailand. Results showed that (1) there is a positive relationship between perceptions of entrepreneurial orientation and perceptions of firm performance, (2) competitive strategy and knowledge creation process individually play a mediating role between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance, and (3) competitive strategy and knowledge creation process play a chain mediating effect between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. This hypothesis is verified by a chained multiple mediation model, and this model has theoretical significance for understanding the relationship between perceived entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. The competitive strategy has positive effects on SME performance and knowledge creation expands the firm’s valuable resources and actively updates firm performance.
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Chokpitakkul, Nitcha, and Saravudh Anantachart. "Developing and validating a scale of consumer-based brand equity for SMEs: evidence from Thailand." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 27, no. 3 (May 11, 2020): 383–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-04-2019-0138.
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PurposeThis study aimed to develop a generalisable small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) brand equity scale and examine its relationship with consumer response factors.Design/methodology/approachThe study which was done in Thailand included three steps. First, brand communications of 40 successful SMEs and opinions of 56 consumers were collected by document analysis, interview and focus group for generating items and measurement of stimuli. Second, 838 consumers were surveyed to define the dimensions of the brand equity and the top SMEs. Third, surveys with 552 customers of the three most popular SMEs, one from each of the manufacturing, service and trade businesses, were conducted to examine the scale's invariance and its relationships with consumer responses.FindingsThe SME brand equity (SMEBE) scale included 23 items that were grouped into five components named brand awareness, functionality, authenticity, attentiveness and resonance. The scale is applicable across consumers that vary in their product involvement and brand engagement. The SMEBE significantly affected the brand's preference, loyalty and word-of-mouth.Research limitations/implicationsSince the SMEBE scale was tested with three brands, one from each of three business sectors, future studies should measure more than one SME for each business type. To allow for potential cultural characteristics that might affect the study, replications in diverse international settings are required.Practical implicationsSME managers should increase the awareness, functionality, authenticity, attentiveness and resonance of their brands as these components are essential for SMEBE, which, in turn, significantly affects consumer behaviour.Originality/valueThis study develops a ready-to-use SMEBE scale and introduces a practical research design for quantitative research on SME branding.
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Sophatsathit, Nalinee. "FROM CART TO LAYERED ARCHITECTURAL TRANSSHIPMENT MODEL SUPPORTING SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES FOR ROAD FREIGHT LOGISTICS." Acta logistica 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22306/al.v9i3.308.
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This study proposes a layered architecture of a transshipment model for small and medium enterprises (SME) that supports road freight logistics using rice farmers in Thailand as a case study. The rationale is three folds. First, road freight logistics transportation usually does not apply to SME. Second, existing supply chain logistics models are not appealing to SME in that SME do not have abundant resources to exploit the fullest extent of redeeming features of the models. Third, road freight logistics and transshipment are often incorporated as an integral service operation of a distribution centre to transport goods items from source to destination, which most SME cannot afford the entire service charge. The notion of layering is to make each layer transparent to one another, covering specific transshipment activities that do not overlap with adjacent layers yet keep their operating characteristics closely related. The case study of Thai rice farmers can thus operate and adjust to fit their working scenarios. Contributions of the proposed model are flexible and resilient operations that SME can benefit at less investment but more options to fall back on. Future work should emphasise on transshipment routing research and integration of the proposed model into distribution centre operations management.
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Malaipun, Sarayut, Pongsakorn Surin, Wiwat Singsai, and Wichai Chattinnawat. "Clustering Production and Operational Practices of SME Using Correspondence Analysis: A Case Study of Northern OTOP Thailand." International Journal of Global Optimization and Its Application 1, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 145–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.56225/ijgoia.v1i3.65.
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This study aims to identify the actual conditions of the current operational practices of the One Tambon One Product (OTOP) and the actual sales and income. This research summarizes and classifies the existing practices concerning different groups of OTOP products and presents empirical evidence on how and what practices correspond to the actual business performance. This research adopted correspondence analysis as a data analysis and visualization tool to summarize and present if clusters or relationships exist among categorical variables of OTOP groups, operation practices and their revenue performances. The results can then be used to define the right set of operations on the OTOP group for the Thai government to develop a supporting policy.
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Yokakul, Nattaka, and Girma Zawdie. "The Role of Triple Helix for Promoting Social Capital, Industrial Technology and Innovation in the SME Sector in Thailand." Science, Technology and Society 14, no. 1 (January 2009): 93–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097172180801400104.
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This article aims to look into the Triple Helix system as a basis for promoting social capital formation, innovation and exchange of best practice. It argues that the process of industrial innovation will be limited where there is little or no scope for institutional development, networking and social capital development. The article also seeks to evaluate the performance of policy in Thailand, in terms of influencing the major actors of the Triple Helix to work together and contribute towards the development of the culture of networking, collaboration and sharing of best industrial practices using the case of a traditional but potentially creative industry—the Thai dessert industry.
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AMORNKITVIKAI, YOT, and CHARLES HARVIE. "SOURCES OF FINANCE AND EXPORT PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM THAI MANUFACTURING SMEs." Singapore Economic Review 63, no. 01 (February 8, 2018): 83–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590817440027.
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This study emphasizes the contribution of sources of finance to the export participation and export intensity of Thai manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and manufacturing firms in aggregate. It also elaborates on other key factors contributing to SME manufacturing firm export activity. The empirical results presented confirm that the Export–Import Bank of Thailand (EXIM Bank) and the Department of International Trade Promotion (DITP) both play a significant role in enhancing Thai SME and all manufacturing firm export participation and export intensity. Local and foreign commercial banks, however, are not found to have a significant correlation with their export participation and export intensity. In addition, SMEs and all manufacturing firms receiving funds from friends and family are found to participate less in foreign markets compared to those SMEs and all manufacturing firms in aggregate which do not receive any funds from their friends and family. With respect to the importance of type of ownership for export activity, foreign ownership can help promote the export participation and intensity of Thai manufacturing SMEs and all manufacturing enterprises. Technological innovation activity also helps them to participate in foreign markets. The empirical evidence also points out that financial institutions in Thailand remain reliant on collateral-based lending and financial transparency. A key finding from this paper is that manufacturing SMEs are likely to perform worse in terms of export participation, export intensity, and access to finance compared to large manufacturing enterprises.
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Kunapatarawong, Rasi. "Murrah Dairy: Thailand's first and only buffalo milk producer." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 5, no. 7 (November 17, 2015): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-12-2014-0303.
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Subject area Murrah Dairy Company Limited (Murrah Dairy) is a strategy and management case related to entrepreneurship, with a focus on marketing, expansion, strategy and management of a family-run small and medium enterprise (SME). Study level/applicability The case is suitable for senior undergraduate and/or graduate MBA strategic management, entrepreneurship and marketing courses. Case overview The case is about Murrah Dairy, Thailand's first and only buffalo dairy producer. The company combines the concepts of regular SMEs together with community enterprises to build a business that can be used to achieve community benefits as well as private gains. With 11 years of experience, Murrah Dairy remains the first and only extensive dairy buffalo farm in Thailand. The market is growing, the brand is catching on and the company keeps expanding. Beginning with Murrah Farm in 2003, now Murrah Dairy now operates Murrah Farm, Murrah House and Mini Murrah Farm. The question now is where to go from here and what will it take to grow? Expected learning outcomes The expected learning outcomes are the increases in understanding on environment assessment (such as SWOT analysis, Porter's Five Forces, success factors), marketing strategy (product portfolio analysis, market-product analysis) and SME management, as well as abilities to propose growth strategies and marketing strategies for the firm. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
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Isahak, Marzuki, May Young Loh, Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Orawan Kaewboonchoo, Kitiphong Harncharoen, Nursuhaili Mohd Amin, Nguyen Phuong Toai, Wah-Yun Low, and Paul Ratanasiripong. "The Association of Workplace Exposures on Quality of Life in Small and Medium Enterprises Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Four ASEAN Countries." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 29, no. 4 (March 22, 2017): 315–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539517699060.
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Quality of life is associated with several factors, including personal living styles and working conditions. This article aims to investigate the factors associated with quality of life among small and medium enterprises (SME) workers in 4 countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), namely Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam. A total of 2014 workers from food and textile industries were asked to answer a questionnaire about their sociodemographic characteristics, working environment and conditions, and quality of life. Results from showed that lifestyle (ie, alcohol intake and exercising), working characteristics (ie, shift work, working hours, and working days) and workplace conditions were associated with SME workers’ quality of life (ie, physical, psychological, social, and environmental domain). Among the 16 types of workplace conditions, “sitting on the chair” and “slippery floor” most affect their quality of life . It is important for these variables to be taken into account in promoting workers’ well-being and quality of life.
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Koojaroenpaisan, Rawiporn, and Paul Patterson. "GAZI and the Shock Absorber Market in Thailand." Asian Case Research Journal 17, no. 02 (December 2013): 243–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218927513500119.
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Siam Suspension Innovation Co. Ltd. (SSI) in 2004 manufactured the first local brand of shock absorber for motor cycles (GAZI brand) in Thailand. This case documents how several entrepreneurs with a passion for motorcycles grasped an opportunity to invent, manufacture and successfully brand a decorative shock absorber for the ubiquitous motorcycle riders of Thailand. Prior to the development of the GAZI brand, shock absorbers were simply just another OEM (original equipment manufacturer) component on a motor bike that was typically only replaced when it was worn out. Shock absorbers were differentiated on their performance characteristics of smoothness of ride. Siam Suspension Company (SSI) changed all that with their decorative GAZI brand that had a mass appeal to consumers under 25 years who possessed a 125–150cc motorcycle (by far the largest segment) who simply wanted their motorcycles to look attractive. Rather than compete in the high volume, low margin standard shock absorber segment, SSI positioned GAZI as a decorative shock absorber. However, because GAZI used a new innovative gas filled technology (all other brands used oil filled cylinders) it also gave a much smoother ride on the rough roads of Thailand. GAZI's management initially created a “first-mover” advantage by targeting Gen Y consumers and convincing them to use shock absorbers to decorate their motorcycles. Hence a replacement market was born for decorative shock absorbers, with many riders replacing the OEM shocks as soon as they purchased a new motorcycle. Sales grew at a rapid pace until other manufacturers of standard shocks saw the success of GAZI. At this time the barriers to entry were quite low. As a SME (small to medium size enterprise) with limited capital, the challenge for SSI in 2012 is how to regroup and stay one step ahead of the competition and protect its market share from further erosion.
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Phonthanukitithaworn, Chanchai, Wutthiya Aekthanate Srisathan, Chavis Ketkaew, and Phaninee Naruetharadhol. "Sustainable Development towards Openness SME Innovation: Taking Advantage of Intellectual Capital, Sustainable Initiatives, and Open Innovation." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 23, 2023): 2126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032126.
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The issues of the relationship between the innovative maturity of enterprises, the orientation of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to the principles of sustainability, and the expansion of their participation in sustainable development with business efficiency are very important and interesting. In this case, it is important to find a good balance between a policy that focuses on sustainable development and businesses’ needs. This will help SME companies be as efficient as possible and have the least amount of impact on the environment. This is especially important for countries where small- and medium-sized businesses are the main driving force of the country’s economy. This research aims to examine how the conceptualizations of intellectual capital (e.g., relational capital, social capital, and structural capital) affect open innovation and sustainability-oriented initiatives to foster open sustainability innovation for small- and medium-sized businesses. Using structural equation modeling based on second-order factor analysis, survey data were collected from 481 SMEs in Thailand. Intellectual capital in SMEs enhances opportunity recognition in SMEs to develop open sustainability innovation, while sustainability-oriented initiatives and an open innovation strategy should be well-placed. SMBs and business policymakers should pay attention to the idea of intellectual capital in terms of socio-rational resources, in which open sustainability innovation projects could be developed through sustainable cooperation.
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Na-Nan, Khahan, Salitta Saribut, and Ekkasit Sanamthong. "Mediating effects of perceived environment support and knowledge sharing between self-efficacy and job performance of SME employees." Industrial and Commercial Training 51, no. 6 (July 1, 2019): 342–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ict-01-2019-0009.
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PurposeCurrently, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) concentrate on developing their employees’ potential to ensure high job performance. Enhancing the perception of efficacy is important to encourage employees to perform their responsibilities with increased self-confidence. Perceived environmental support and knowledge sharing are also significant factors that boost employees’ potential to achieve targets. The purpose of this paper is to examine how self-efficacy (SE) relates both directly and indirectly to employee job performance through perceived environmental support and knowledge sharing.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical data were garnered from a sample of 344 admins working at SMEs in Central Thailand and structural equation modelling was used to test the proposed relationships.FindingsSE had a strong positive influence on employee job performance, perceived environmental support and knowledge sharing, while perceived environmental support and knowledge sharing positively influenced employee job performance. Perceived environmental support and knowledge sharing were considered to be partial mediating factors of SE in the employee job performance model.Originality/valueThis research extends understanding of the relationship between SE and employee job performance. The findings shed light on mediating roles of perceived environmental support and knowledge sharing regarding the relationship between SE and employee job performance.
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SARAPAIVANICH, NARUANARD, and BERNICE KOTEY. "THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION QUALITY ON ABILITY TO ACCESS EXTERNAL FUNDS AND PERFORMANCE OF SMES IN THAILAND." Journal of Enterprising Culture 14, no. 03 (September 2006): 219–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495806000143.
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Several factors have been identified in the literature as affecting SME performance, in particular ability to access finance. Access to finance is in turn influenced by variables in both the enterprise's internal and external environment. It is held that SMEs are unable to access external finance because they are not investment ready. They lack the necessary information and knowledge of their businesses to approach finance providers or to be successful in accessing funds if they do. Face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaire were conducted to collect primary data from 407 SMEs operating in the trading sector in 3 provinces- Bangkok, Chiang-Mai and Khon-Kan. Results of the structural equation modelling (SEM) reveal that quality of financial information has significant positive effect on performance and on owner-managers' perception of their ability to access external capital. A significant positive effect of their perception of ability to access capital on performance was also found.
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Muangmee, Chaiyawit, Nuttapon Kassakorn, Bilal Khalid, Radovan Bacik, and Sebastian Kot. "Evaluating Competitiveness in the Supply Chain Management of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises." Journal of Competitiveness 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.7441/joc.2022.03.06.
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This research investigated Supply Chain Management (SCM) in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Thailand, Slovakia, and Poland and compared the SCM practices among the three countries. The sole purpose was to first determine the various factors that influence SCM operations and SCM practices in each of the countries and then find out whether there is a difference among the three countries in terms of SCM operations and practices. The study was conducted using primary data collected from SME management personnel from the three countries. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data using a 5-point Likert scale. The data was analyzed using multi-group Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of the study indicated that supply chain management practices and operations adopted by the small and medium enterprises in Thailand, Slovakia, and Poland were invariant. The environmental sustainability elements in SCM and the social aspects of sustainability in SCM have positively influenced SCM practices in all countries. The study recommended that SMEs in the countries should consider adopting the factors that support SCM, operationalizing the SCM through enhancing the capabilities of the end-user, and vitally taking into consideration the environmental sustainability elements in SCM, such as environmentally-friendly production processes, taking action towards waste management, and adopting production processes that inhibit the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere by encouraging the implementation of policies that foster the use of renewable energy sources in production.
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Pongtanalert, Kritinee, and Nuttapol Assarut. "Entrepreneur Mindset, Social Capital and Adaptive Capacity for Tourism SME Resilience and Transformation during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (October 5, 2022): 12675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912675.
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Although many studies have explored business resilience during crisis, most subjects are large companies with abundant resources. Hardly any research has explored how small and medium companies with limited resources overcome crisis. This study aims to fill this void by investigating the process of resilience and transformation of small firms during and post-COVID-19. The multiple case study method was applied under the framework of entrepreneur mindset, adaptive capacity and social capital. Small hostels in Thailand and their reaction towards COVID-19 are explored as they were hugely impacted by the pandemic. Four hostels were selected as representative cases of business resilience during September 2020–2021. The results show that these hostels managed to utilize bonding social capital to reshape the business in the short term. In response to the prolonging of the COVID-19 pandemic, bridging social capital was employed to develop a new business model and business sustainability. The entrepreneur mindset is essential for succeeding in the proposed business and helping the owner to be aware of and engage with specific social capital. The entrepreneur mindset also helped to create trust between owner and staff, which enhances adaptive capacity in the firm for resilience and transformation of the business. The findings can guide SMEs to become aware of having a good entrepreneur mindset as well as to utilize their social capital and create business innovation and sustainability to survive the crisis.
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Nakwa, Karantarat, Girma Zawdie, and Patarapong Intarakumnerd. "Role of Intermediaries in Accelerating the Transformation of Inter-Firm Networks into Triple Helix Networks: A Case Study of SME-based Industries in Thailand." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 52 (2012): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.441.
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PRAINETR, Supachai, Natchanun PRAINETR, and Sumitchai KANHAKHUN. "Development of Manufacturing Efficiency using Industry Cluster and Invention Method Application: Case Study Machetes Production Group in Nakhon Phanom Province Thailand." Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) 17, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 990–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2020.5398.
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Development small and medium enterprise (SME) of Thailand have been important for generating incomes and developing community-based business of Thai people. This paper proposes a development efficiency of machetes production in the Ban Na Thon community of Nakhon Phanom province. This strategy is apply by the industrial cluster method and development an innovation. The methodology consisted of 4 steps. The first study involved a study context of community, coordination with people, meetings and recording primary data with interviews and questionnaires. The research participants were people in the community in Nakhon Phanom University. The performance of the proposed development and design furnace can be controlled by proportional integral derivative (PID) at the temperatures ranging from 0 to 1,200 °C; the development the hardening tub can be controlled by the temperature of water in the hardening process, development of grinding machine. Results confirm that this development research has an efficiency more than conventional method.
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Mohd Shariff, Mohd Noor, Nifaosan Raden Ahmad, and Muhammad Haroon Hafeez. "Moderating Role of Access to Finance on Entrepreneurial Orientation, Market Orientation, Learning Orientation and SMEs Performance of Gem and Jewelry Industry in Thailand." Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v3i1.184.
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Purpose: This study aims to propose a model that depicts the moderating effect of access to finance on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, learning orientation and SMEs performance.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This study adopts a survey research design by collecting primary data from the respondents due to the study involves collecting data directly from SME owner-managers in order to determine the moderating role of access to finance on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, learning orientation and SMEs Performance.
Findings: This study will provide a clear understanding of the impact of entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, learning orientation on firm performance in the area of strategic management and entrepreneurship.
Implications/Originality/Value: The findings will be beneficial to owner-managers of SMEs to understand the key factors that should be encouraged and avoided in improving business performance.
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Chompu-inwai, Rungchat, Benyaporn Jaimjit, and Papawarin Premsuriyanunt. "A combination of Material Flow Cost Accounting and design of experiments techniques in an SME: the case of a wood products manufacturing company in northern Thailand." Journal of Cleaner Production 108 (December 2015): 1352–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.08.039.
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Potjanajaruwit, Pisit. "Effects of transport operating conditions on the rating of OTOP products of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Thailand." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125802009.
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The purpose of this research was to explore the operating conditions of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and their effects on the rating of products in Thailand’s One Tambon One Product (OTOP) program. The sample group in the research was the 330 owners or executives of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises that produced for the OTOP program and their products were rated 3-5 stars. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistics used for data analysis were Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation. Chi-Square, and one-way ANOVA, while Scheffe Analysis was used for multiple comparisons. The study found there were 19 operating conditions of the SME producers of OTOP program found affecting the rating of their 3-5 star products including; Marketing Operating Conditions - such as packaging, main target market, marketing promotion, Production Operating Conditions - such as production policy, production plan, standard certifications, raw material management, production methods, product development, member selection, production cost, Financial Operating Conditions - such as initial investment, working capital, working capital management model, main operational objectives, operational strategy, assignment of duties and responsibilities, employee performance indicators, and the member remuneration, which were all found statistically significant at the .05 level.
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Nakwa, Karantarat, and Girma Zawdie. "The ‘third mission’ and ‘triple helix mission’ of universities as evolutionary processes in the development of the network of knowledge production: Reflections on SME experiences in Thailand." Science and Public Policy 43, no. 5 (July 17, 2016): 622–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scw030.
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Galan Prakoso, Septyanto. "The Path of Military Power Interference in the Politics of Thailand." Global South Review 1, no. 1 (October 9, 2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/globalsouth.28822.
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Military element is undoubtedly important in order to protect a country's sovereignty. However, sometimes the functional aspect of military power can be biased, as military personnel also included in the political affairs. In some country this phenomenon happened, when military element through its personnel can become a part of government/bureaucratic mechanism. Tension is possible to rise between civil and military itself. In Thailand, military power can meddle in the country's politics through coup, even though it only runs the role to observe at first. The coup has happened for years in Thailand's modern history, noticeably started since 1932 after the revolution. Since then, military power always able to interfere Thailand’s political affairs and cause the fall and change of the government. Recently, the same things happened in May 7th, 2014 when Thai military launched a coup towards Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra's government, and ended her spell as prime minister since August 5th, 2011. Therefore, in order to deeply explore Thailand's military's activity in meddling inside the politics, this journal will try to trackback through Thailand's history and discover the reasons and factors which influenced military power's interference in Thailand politics.
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Thongyai, Kulteera, and Wisanupong Potipiroon. "The Influence of Entrepreneurial Leadership on Organizational Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Thailand during COVID-19 Pandemic." 13th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 13, no. 1 (June 16, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2022.1(39).
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In Thailand, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have played a significant role in promoting economic growth and sustainable development. Thai SMEs constitute a major source of employment, generate significant earnings, and contribute to the country's gross domestic product (GDP). Accordingly, the 4th SME Promotion Master Plan (2017-2021) has put a significant emphasis on upgrading Thai SMEs and increasing their growth potential. However, Thai SMEs still have problems and limitations, for instance, almost all are small enterprises, few medium enterprises, management system limitations, only a minority of SMEs able to compete in the international market, and a continuous trade deficit. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has further the slowdown in the economic growth of SMEs. (The Office of SMEs Promotion, 2022). Therefore, SMEs need to continuously improve and develop organizational performance to compete in the domestic and international markets. It is important to understand how SMEs can continue to grow and compete in the markets. Previous research in the business management literature indicates that there are several factors that account for the development of SMEs including CEO Attributes, leadership styles, and human resource management. Recent research also reveals that in order to survive the new normal imposed by COVID-19 and the market competition, several SMEs have adopted technical innovation and marketing and processes innovation (Akpan et al., 2020; El Chaarani et al., 2021). Keywords: Entrepreneurial Leadership; Intellectual Capital; Innovation; Organizational Performance
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Sarapaivanich, Naruanard, and Paul G. Patterson. "A contingency model of client repatronage in a financial auditing services context." Accounting Research Journal 29, no. 1 (May 3, 2016): 106–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-04-2014-0039.
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Purpose This study aims to examine the extent to which switching costs moderates the impact of trust, value and attractiveness of alternatives on client repatronage intentions. Design/methodology/approach The study combines qualitative and quantitative methodologies to create a cross-sectional survey covering four geographic regions in Thailand. Adopting a contingency perspective, the authors examine the moderating impact of two switching costs (economic and security) on the association among trust, value, attractiveness of alternatives and repatronage intentions. Findings A study of 519 small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) clients of audit firms confirms the main effects of trust, value and alternative attractiveness on client retention; some but not all linkages are moderated by the costs of switching. Researchlimitations/implications This article focuses on one specific segment (SMEs) and one category of professional services. It would be worthwhile to extend the findings to larger firms and other professional services. Originality/value The study contributes to the understanding of relationship continuance among professional services clients by shifting the focus to when and in which contingency conditions trust, value and attractiveness of alternatives have greater or lesser impacts on repatronage intentions.
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Janthongpan, Surat, Wanchai Rattanawong, and Nanthi Suthikarnnarunai. "Intelligent System for Transportation Mode Selection in ASEAN Countries." Open Civil Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501610010361.
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Association of Southeast Asian Nations: ASEAN is an organization of ten countries in Southeast Asia consisting of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Brunei, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam and Thailand. One of the major purposes of Asean is to create the Asean Economic Community: AEC as an economic organization. The mission of the AEC is to develop a single market and develop production base to be stable prosperous, highly competitive and economically, integrated with effective facilitation for trade and investment including a free flow of goods, services, investment, skilled labors and capital . This paper focuses on investigating the constraint within the three major modes of transportation (Air Sea and Truck) and reviewing the major factor influenced mode selection of the trading organization in Asean countries. Whilst constraints and complexities exist particularly within different countries, products values, lead time, a lack of knowledge on the condition of each transportation mode of the Small and Medium Enterprise (SME). At the time for those requirements can result in business limitation and restrictions. The results of research will lead to the design of an intelligent transportation system program that will not only illustrate solution for the trading organization in Asean countries but also provide variable costing and accurate transit time as management tools for users.
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van Griensven, Frits, Nittaya Phanuphak, and Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai. "Biomedical HIV prevention research and epidemic control in Thailand: two sides of the same coin." Sexual Health 11, no. 2 (2014): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh13119.
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For a country with a moderate adult HIV prevalence of just over 1% in 2012, Thailand is widely perceived as having made some extraordinary contributions to the global management of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. It has been promoted as a model of effective HIV control and applauded for its leadership in providing access to antiretroviral treatment. Thailand has also received international recognition for its contribution to biomedical HIV prevention research, which is generally perceived as exceptional. In this paper, Thailand’s global role model function as an example of effective HIV/AIDS control and high-quality biomedical HIV prevention research is re-evaluated against the background of currently available data and more recent insights. The results indicate that Thailand’s initial response in raising the level of the political significance of HIV/AIDS was indeed extraordinary, which probably prevented a much larger epidemic from occurring. However, this response transpired in unusual extraconstitutional circumstances and its effectiveness declined once the country returned to political normalcy. Available data confirm the country’s more than exceptional contribution to biomedical HIV prevention research. Thailand has made a huge contribution to the global management and control of the HIV/AIDS pandemic.
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Herman, Nash. "Thailand’s Trade Policies: Short Review of Successes and Shortcomings." International Review of Business and Economics 5, no. 1 (2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2021.5.1.1.
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While Thailand is often considered a bastion of free trade, the Southeast Asian country has deployed a multitude of different policies that has led to Thailand’s current economic success. Thailand has generally always sought to be a modern, liberal country. Before the Asian Financial Crisis of the 1990’s Thailand saw unprecedented economic growth before the crisis and has since focused on even more liberalization measures. The paper aims to explore some of the different parts of economic theory that Thailand has implemented (both liberal and protectionist), in order to explain some of Thailand’s economic success and some possible shortcomings. The first section of the paper explores various parts of economic theory such as different obstructions to free trade and Standard Trade theory. The next part of the paper applies these concepts to Thailand to see how the country implements these theories and policies. Major protectionist policies that Thailand follows are tariffs and resistance to international IPRs. Another critical aspect that is discussed for Thailand’s economic success is the gravity model. The research concludes that while some protectionist policies have certainly helped Thailand in the short term, their desire to continue liberalizing will help the country in the long run.
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Zhang, Taolin. "Analysis of Chinese Tourists' Expectations and Satisfaction with Thai Tourism." Learning & Education 10, no. 5 (March 13, 2022): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/l-e.v10i5.2710.
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With the development of economy, more and more Chinese tourists choose Thailand as their tourism destination, which
is both an opportunity and a challenge for the development of tourism in Thailand. Under this background, it is meaningful to
explore and analyze the tourism expectations and satisfaction of Chinese tourists after their on-site experience in Thailand.
On the basis of previous studies, this study compares the expected value of different tourism factors with the actual experience
satisfaction model, combines the results of the questionnaire survey, carries out data analysis with the help of software, verifies the
research hypothesis and draws conclusions. The study finds that Chinese tourists' satisfaction in Thailand is highly correlated with
the expectations of various tourism factors, and both of them are influenced by the differences of Chinese tourists' demographic
information. At the same time, the overall satisfaction is affected by various specific satisfaction factors, showing a linear additive
relationship. Finally, this study analyses the conclusions and problems found, and puts forward some countermeasures and
suggestions based on Thailand's relevant policies, economic and cultural status, to provide a suggestion for the sustainable and
healthy development of Thailand's tourism market to China.
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Yawised, Kritcha, Darlin Apasrawirote, Maneerut Chatrangsan, and Paisarn Muneesawang. "Factors Affecting SMEs' Intention to Adopt a Mobile Travel Application based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT-2)." Emerging Science Journal 4 (February 1, 2022): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2021-sp1-014.
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This study is part of a government research project which aims to synthesise the current evidence on the factors affecting the intention of mobile application adoption called ‘Tripper Notifier Application’ (TNA) for the hospitality and tourism industrial sector in Thailand. The focus is on small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which emphasize restaurants, hotels, and attraction sites. The present article examines various factors influencing the intention to use such applications by employing the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT-2) as the theoretical underpinning of this research paradigm. Using 84 selected research papers in Scopus published between 2020 and 2022, A thematic analysis incorporating a grounded theory approach to systematically generate themes was conducted, and the findings found three main themes, including business transformation capabilities (BTC), digital transformation capabilities (DTC), and personal innovativeness (PI), as an extension of UTAUT-2 as mediator and moderator variables. To this end, the study fills the research gaps and extends the UTAUT-2 framework by including an initiative of twelve inside attributes-based lines, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, price value, habit behavior, behavioral intention, and use behavior, together with three moderators: age, gender, and experience. Finally, the context dimensions of the UTAUT-2 extensions were mapped to highlight all the constructs of the TNA adoption framework for future research directions. The novel contribution of this study is to fill the gap with both theoretical and practical knowledge. On the theoretical level, this study constitutes constructs based on UTAUT-2 theory as a research-based setting to fill a gap in research. On the practical level, it provides insights and information about new capabilities that SME owners, managers, and practitioners should consider in order to differentiate their own capabilities. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-SP1-014 Full Text: PDF
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Mohd Nawawi, Mohd Saiful Anwar, Mohd Fauzi Abu-Hussin, Muhamad Syazwan Faid, Norhidayah Pauzi, Saadan Man, and Noratiqah Mohd Sabri. "The emergence of halal food industry in non-Muslim countries: a case study of Thailand." Journal of Islamic Marketing 11, no. 4 (July 19, 2019): 917–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jima-05-2018-0082.
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Purpose The paper aims to explore the development of the halal industry in Thailand. It endeavours to investigate the main factors behind the country’s success as one of the largest exporters of halal-certified foods and products in the Southeast Asian region, in spite of the fact that Thailand is a non-Muslim-majority country. Only 4.3 per cent of the 69-million population of Thailand is Muslims. Design/methodology/approach In articulating the issue objectively, qualitative research method was adopted. This paper used structured literature study by analysing various subjects of halal pertaining to Thailand’s halal sector. At the same time, several in-depth interviews with the corresponding halal authorities in Thailand, as well as site visits, were also conducted. We also undertook observations in several sites in Thailand to analyse the issue further. Findings Findings from the research show that the strong presence of Thailand in the global halal industry is because of its bustling tourism industry that helps to bolster the country’s halal branding, its uniformity of halal definition and standards and effective support to the local SMEs. Practical implications This research implies that the standardisation of halal in a country is imperative in the Muslim-majority or Muslim-minority countries. This study gives a benchmark for the non-Muslim-majority countries which endeavour to embark on the halal industry. Muslim-minority counties that envision to succeed in the global halal market could emulate Thailand’s approach in branding itself as a recognised non-Muslim-majority country in producing certified halal foods and products. Originality/value The paper provides guidelines and standards for Muslim-minority countries that envision success in the global halal market.
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Dansomboon, Suwaj, Thepparat Phimonsathienand, and Wanno Fongsuwan. "Cross Cultural Logistics and Supply Chain Management Towards Organizational Effectiveness within the Asean/Thai Automotive Industries: A Sem Analysis." Management and Production Engineering Review 7, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mper-2016-0023.
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Abstract As a manufacturing, logistics and supply chain hub within ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations), Thailand holds the 12th spot in global vehicle production for an estimated 2,355 Thai and multinational automotive industry enterprises. Within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Thailand ranks number one in automotive production contributing $US11.4 billion to the Thai economy and 12 percent to Thailand’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product), with the automotive industry being Thailand’s leading export sector. However, the automotive companies envisage the difficulty of cultural diversity to manage and coordinate. Therefore, cultural values from the milieu are inducted into the workplace and have a strong impact on both individual behavior and organizational effectiveness and must be direction at all levels for cross-cultural, organizational effectiveness to be achieved. It also became evident that natural disasters are frequent and highly disruptive to the global automotive supply chain and paces must be taken to countervailing the notable and continuing loss to economic growth and organizational effectiveness to both sector units and the global industry. The implementation of strategically placed, environmentally ‘habituated’, automotive parts logistics cache might be one solution to the problem. Given the crucial importance of this sector to the economy of the region and the global supply chain, the researchers surveyed 220 managers using a 7-point Likert scale questionnaire within the multinational industrial clusters of Thailand’s ‘Detroit of Asia’ Eastern Seaboard region. Using Structural Equation Modelling to test the 11 variables on Logistics Management, Supply Chain Management and Organizational Effectiveness in a cross-cultural context, it was determined that collaboration within the supply chain and the exchange of information can reduce uncertainty, with trust being a key ingredient to a JV’s success. Communication (0.836), trust (0.834) and collaboration (0.824) were ranked as significant components of cross-cultural Supply Chain Management effectiveness. The research also confirmed that the hypothesized difficulty from cultural diversity is difficult to manage and to coordinate. Analysis also confirmed the ongoing and significant problems to the global automotive supply chain by natural disasters and the consequential economic losses.
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Gomesh, Hs N., M. Irwanto, Y. M. Irwan, M. Fitra, U. Hashim, and N. Mariun. "Review on Malaysian and Thailand's Perspective towards Renewable Energy." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.325.
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This paper presents a review on Malaysia and Thailand’s view on renewable energy mainly in the area of solar energy. It is based on a survey conducted on random subjects in Malaysia raging from different discipline such as those from RE and non RE industries, and several learning Institution. The survey was conducted on random subject as to create a variance on their given answers. A total of 6,450 Malaysian have answered the survey which is then analyzed and compared with the views and current RE scenario in Thailand. The data analysis for Thailand is obtained from literature review. Based on the analysis, one could conclude that both Malaysia and Thailand are on the same objective which is to expand and cultivate their RE sources and has adapt an alternative method to sustain their energy development.
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Burri, Josef, and Bernhard Uehleke. "Andrographis paniculata – Kalmegh, Fah thalai chon." Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie 40, no. 03 (July 2019): 120–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0827-8841.
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Andrographis paniculata (Wall), ein Akanthusgewächs, stammt ursprünglich aus Indien und Sri Lanka, ist mittlerweile in ganz Südostasien und etlichen anderen Ländern verbreitet. Als sehr bittere Medizin ist die Pflanze bei Kindern verhasst. Dennoch wird sie in den traditionellen Medizinsystemen Indiens, Chinas, Tibets, Thailands und Malaysias recht häufig verwendet. Sie wird auch als „indische Echinacea“ bezeichnet. In Thailand trägt sie den Namen „Fah thalai chon“, was ungefähr so viel bedeutet wie „Der Himmel vertreibt den Eindringling“ oder „Der Himmel schlägt den Räuber“, was durchaus der erwünschten medizinischen Wirkung entspricht. Sogar ein thailändischer Spielfilm trägt diesen Originaltitel, wohl weil Pflanze und Titel den Seelenzustand des Protagonisten treffend beschreiben („Tears of the Black Tiger“ von Wisit Sasanatieng, 2000). Warum Großmütter sehr viel Überzeugungsarbeit leisten müssen, um ihren kranken Enkelkindern den Kalmegh-Tee aufzuschwatzen, liegt in dessen Bitterkeit. Der Kalmegh hat also durchaus dramaturgische Qualitäten. Er ist die Bitterpflanze par excellence und darf in keinem häuslichen Kräutergarten Thailands fehlen.
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Pongajarn, Chalermpat, René van der Duim, and Karin Peters. "Floating markets in Thailand: same, same, but different." Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change 16, no. 2 (November 7, 2016): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2016.1253704.
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Ruksakulpiwat, Suebsarn, Wendie Zhou, Chantira Chiaranai, and Jane E. Vonck. "Human Travelling and COVID-19 Pandemic." Siriraj Medical Journal 73, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 562–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33192/smj.2021.73.
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Objective: To determine whether there is a relationship between the extent of human travel and the number of COVID-19 cases in Thailand. Materials and Methods: The data set on monthly COVID-19 in Thailand between January and July 2020 were retrieved from the Ministry of Public Health, Thailand. Data regarding people’s travel in Thailand during the COVID-19 pandemic and for the same period of 2019 were retrieved from Open Government Data of Thailand. A paired t-test was used to compare the differences between the number of journeys made in each mode of transport in 2019 (January - July) and 2020 (January - July). Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationships among studied variables. Results: A Paired Samples t-test showed that from January until July 2020, the number of journeys made by public buses, ships, and airplanes declined by more than 50% from the previous year (p < 0.05). Pearson correlation coefficients showed that the mean monthly number of COVID-19 cases was significantly and inversely correlated with the number of public bus journeys made (r = -0.897, p < 0.01), the number of train journeys (r = -0.834, p < 0.05), ship journeys (r = -0.890, p < 0.01), and airplane journeys (r = -0.911, p < 0.01). There was no significant relationship between the number of COVID-19 cases and private car journeys (r = -0.405, p = 0.367). Conclusion: During the pandemic, the number of journeys has been decreased. Moreover, the correlation between the number of journeys and COVID-19 cases has been shown in our analysis.
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Pausawasdi, Nonthalee. "The First Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty and Transoral Outlet Reduction in Thailand: Case Report and Literature Review." Siriraj Medical Journal 73, no. 4 (March 26, 2021): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33192/smj.2021.37.
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Obesity is becoming a universal healthcare problem. The role of endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies is emerging in the management of obesity and its related conditions. The endoscopic treatment can be used as a primary weight loss procedure and a revision procedure after bariatric surgery. While the prevalence of obesity has been rising over the past two decades in Thailand, the treatment options have been limited to diet and exercise, pharmacological treatment, and bariatric surgery until recently. In 2020, an endoscopic full-thickness suturing device was introduced to Thailand, leading to successful endoscopic bariatric therapy using a suturing device in Thai patients. This article intends to report the first successful endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty and transoral outlet reduction in Thailand with a mini-review focusing on these two procedures' outcomes.
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Jackson, Peter A. "Same-Sex Sexual Experience in Thailand." Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services 9, no. 2-3 (April 9, 1999): 29–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j041v09n02_02.
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FERNANDEZ, NESTOR, PIETER THERON, SERGIO LEIVA, and ANINE JORDAAN. "Revision of the family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) XVII. Redescription of Diplobodes africanus Mahunka, 1987 from Kenia. Description of Diplobodes thailande sp. nov. from Thailand and Rwandabodes kayoveae gen. nov., sp. nov. from Rwanda." Zootaxa 4619, no. 3 (June 20, 2019): 401–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4619.3.1.
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Diplobodes africanus Mahunka, 1987, is redescribed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) in order to complement optical microscopy. Diplobodes thailande sp. nov. from Thailand is described. For both species we include inclined views, to permit detailed analysis of ventral regions and to aid understanding of the complex relationships between elevated and depressed zones. Diplobodes thailande sp. nov. presents previously undescribed structures on legs III, which are involved in the leg folding process. Rwandabodes kayoveae gen. nov., sp. nov. presents a series of particular characteristics, such as: elevated interlamellar process on prodorsum, composed of a triangular structure, externally delimited by a low lamellar furrow; in setae inserted on elevated interlamellar process; large free lamellar tip; notogaster lacking ridges; anterior genital furrow extends into an oblique lateral depression; depressed area anterior to anal zone; both zones clearly delimited. These characteristics permit easy differentiation from related genera.
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Swan, William L. "Japan's Intentions for Its Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere as Indicated in Its Policy Plans for Thailand." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 27, no. 1 (March 1996): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463400010742.
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The article examines the intent of the Japanese for their Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. It relies on documents that the Japanese government prepared in September 1942 which set forth prospective policy towards Thailand as a member of the Co-Prosperity Sphere. The proposals in these documents specified the political and diplomatic relations Japan expected to have with Thailand, and they were very specific regarding Japan's control over Thailand's economy as a part of the Co-Prosperity Sphere. The documents indicate that the Japanese were aiming at establishing a well-organized, well-regulated sphere as a unity under the direction of Japan. The organic nature that the Japanese envisioned for the Co-Prosperity Sphere was patterned on the same organic unity that they had applied to building and controlling their empire between 1895 and 1940.
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Pornnapa, Thanapotivirat, and Jithpakdeepornrat Tharnupat. "Marketing and Socio-Psychological Factors Influencing Consumption Bakery Product in Thailand." Studies in Business and Economics 17, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 256–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2022-0017.
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Abstract The aim of research was to study consumer buying behavior for bakery products in Thailand and to investigated the effect of marketing and socio-psychogical factor on the consumption bakery product in Thailand. Population of the research was the consumer who consume the barkery within 400 samples. The researchers obtained questionaire in Pathumwan District, Sathorn District, Silom District, Bang Rak District, which is an economic district and has a variety of snack shops and bakery shops. The data analyze was applied by percentage, mean, and standard deviation. To test the research hypotheses, Multiple Regression statistics was used. The results showed that marketing and socio-psychogical factor influenced consumer behaviors for bakery products in Thailand within significant at the 0.05 level.
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Suriyankietkaew, Suparak, Krittawit Krittayaruangroj, and Nacharee Iamsawan. "Sustainable Leadership Practices and Competencies of SMEs for Sustainability and Resilience: A Community-Based Social Enterprise Study." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 10, 2022): 5762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14105762.
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Current studies on how a sustainability leadership theory can influence the practice of SMEs, such as a context of community-based social enterprises, is still lacking, with scanty research to date. These small enterprises in the bottom of the pyramid settings are indeed the important socio-economic backbone of many nations around the world. The COVID-19 pandemic crisis has significantly hit all sectors and has adversely impacted them. Our study aims to broaden the limited scholarly knowledge and advance the developing SL theory in this realm. Hence, our critical research inquiries address: (1) What are the essential sustainable leadership practices and sustainability competencies for sustainability and resilience in a CBSE context? (2) How can a CBSE business apply the theoretical frameworks in practice to survive and thrive for sustainable futures, especially during the COVID-19 era? This study employs an integrative theoretical examination of sustainable leadership frameworks and sustainability leadership competencies to investigate the sustainable business practices in the SME sector, particularly in a community-based social enterprise context. Our business case centers on a green, social enterprise, which is an award-winner of Best Responsible Tourism and is located in a small coastal fishing village of Thailand. Using a case study research method, the multi-data collection methods include in-depth interviews and focus groups with multiple stakeholders. Evidence was found to comply with six-category sustainable leadership practices and five essential sustainability leadership competencies to varying degrees. The findings suggest that sustainable leaders and entrepreneurs should develop and integrate the value-based practices and competencies (i.e., strategic, systems thinking, interpersonal, anticipatory, ethical competencies) in business. The critical sustainable practices include enabling human capital with care for stakeholders, fostering ethical values and norms via altruism, cultivating social capital through social innovation, and supporting pro-environmental behavior and social responsibility to achieve inclusive growth, sustainability and resilience. The research results advance the theoretical development of the interconnected fields of sustainability leadership and sustainable entrepreneurship. An alternative sustainable business model for sustainability and resilience is also proposed. Overall, the insightful findings can provide practical advice and beneficial policy implications for sustainable futures.