Academic literature on the topic 'SME development policies'
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Journal articles on the topic "SME development policies"
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Wonglimpiyarat, Jarunee. "Innovation policies to accelerate SME development." International Journal of Technology, Policy and Management 16, no. 2 (2016): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtpm.2016.076312.
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Das, Bandana, Xiaofeng Hui, and Syed Jamal Sha. "Investment policies that support SME self-development." Human Systems Management 37, no. 1 (February 16, 2018): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-17131.
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Fakhreldin, Hadia. "Government policies and small and medium enterprise (SME) development." المجلة العلمیة للدراسات التجاریة والبیئیة 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jces.2016.55522.
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Fuller, Ted. "SME Local Clusters and Support Policies." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 23, no. 6 (December 2005): 795–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c2306ed.
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van der Ven, Colette M. A. "Inclusive Industrialization: The Interplay Between Investment Incentives and SME Promotion Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa." Law and Development Review 11, no. 2 (June 26, 2018): 557–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ldr-2018-0029.
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Abstract Most Sub-Saharan African countries have adopted policies to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) and policies to stimulate the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). While a significant body of literature exists analyzing how these objectives can be mutually reinforcing, the negative interplay between these policies remains relatively unexplored. This paper examines whether, and in what circumstances, investment incentives could undermine SME competitiveness and, conversely, whether policies aiming to promote SMEs through encouraging FDI-SME linkages could impede FDI. This paper demonstrates that, absent a comprehensive approach to policy making, tensions invariably arise between investment incentives and SME promotion policies.
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Koti, Sorina, and Klaudeta Merollari. "Government Regulation, Technology and Development of SME-s." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 1, no. 3 (April 30, 2016): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v1i3.p28-38.
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The aim of the paper is to analyze the factors that determine business growth and the impact on the GDP of the country. The paper analyses Albania, as one of the countries in the South East Europe. Albania is still passing through a transition period at all levels, economic and political. Albania has made serious steps in the development of the state of law, of the financial system and it is working on the achievements of goals, such as: becoming an EU member, stabilization of the fiscal and monetary policies, stability of prices, fighting against corruption, incentives for private investments, reduction of business’s taxes etc. The achievement of these goals will bring more motivation and incentives for growth, an increase in domestic and foreign direct investments. The government of Albania is still working on the future strategies that will bring Albania near to the European countries. The partial achievement of the above goals has created a positive environment, but still there is enough room for change and stabilization. The Albanian governments have improved the business climate, in order to create easier methods in the way of doing business, by attracting more foreign investors and creating a positive climate. Albania has experienced an increase of interest from foreign companies, which have invested in the main fields of economic such as: banking, energy, telecommunication, gas-oil, supermarkets, construction etc. However, some fiscal policies have changed during the last three years, which has caused a tightening of credit, investment, growth and income. Nowadays, Albania is not in a good position compare to neighborhood countries and it is facing recession problems that need immediate solution to overcome the crisis.
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Alam Khan, Md Shahin, Aminul Hasan, Jitesh Paul, and Salmana Chowdhury. "Problems and Prospects of SME Financing in Bangladesh." Business and Management Research 10, no. 2 (June 18, 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/bmr.v10n2p10.
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To conduct a comprehensive study on the SME sector of Bangladesh of its present state, prospects, issues and emerging challenges this “problems & Prospects of SME Financing in Bangladesh” research is carried out. The main objective of the study is to find out the SME financing’s different types of strategies & policies in Bangladesh. The SMEs are playing gradually more significant role as a mainstream of economic escalation in Bangladesh as well as all over the world. The SME usually creates the opportunities of employment at lower costs and render flexibility to the economy. The SMEs are playing an indispensable role for overall economic development. Since this sector is a manual labor intensivewith the short period of time, usually it is capable of increasing the national income as well as hasty employmentcreation by achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) as well as the abolition of extremepoverty and starvation, gender equality and women empowerment. This SME sector has played a vital role intheeconomic progress of some prosperous countries of Asia. In national economy of Bangladesh SMEs play mainly vital role by making manufacturing enterprises by providing the employment of industrial workers and contributing to the over one-third of industrial value-added to gross domestic product (GDP) and become accustomed quickly to change the market condition, create employment, help diversify economic activities, and also make a significantcontribution to the exports and trade. The economic competence and the overall performance of the SMEs are considerably depended upon the policy of environmental and specific promotional policies pursued for their benefits. Consequently, the policies and initiatives to develop the condition of SMEs and toincrease their competitiveness are a main concern of Bangladesh.
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Gamba, Freddy Jirabi. "SME development policies of Tanzania and Rwanda: comparability of policy presentation on focus, significance, challenges and participation." Journal of Development and Communication Studies 6, no. 1 (February 15, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jdcs.v6i1.1.
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The world’s new ideologies of regionalisationism and globalizationism anchor on the role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) for promotion of a healthy business climate for upgrading the private sector and engineering for economic efficiency and development. SMEs have been a mechanism of inclusion and equity for economic empowerment and deepening of economic and business services especially in developing countries. The SMEs‘cultural and socio-economic importance has driven the initiation of national SME development in many countries. SMEs have gained elevating importance in developed and developing economies, have the capability of quick adaptation, low cost of management, less capital and sometimes labor intensive for enabling cheap production. Despite their size related weaknesses, SMEs are less affected by economic crises due to their inherent flexibility and adaptability characteristics. SMEs are vital actors for enhancing entrepreneurial innovation and innovation system as well as competitiveness in economies. National SME development policies, being high level political intent, directives and guidelines are critical for development, coordination and deployment of potential and available resources and capabilities. The paper, therefore, aims at analyzing and comparing the presentations of SME development policies of Tanzania and Rwanda based on policy framework options namely, focus, significance, challenges and participation. The findings show elevating differences in various spheres of the policy processes including the SME definition, vision, mission and objectives in terms of activeness in presentation, political flavour, sharpness of intent and sense of anticipated commitment. This implies a continued gap of SME development between countries under review and other East African Community (EAC) member countries until policies affecting SMEs are harmonized.Keywords: SMEs, Policy Presentation, Policy Framework, Entrepreneurship, BDS, Tanzania, Rwanda
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Wonglimpiyarat, Jarunee. "Challenges of SMEs innovation and entrepreneurial financing." World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 11, no. 4 (October 12, 2015): 295–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjemsd-04-2015-0019.
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Purpose – Today, the financing mechanisms to support small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) development have been a subject of great interest and a challenge to policy makers as SMEs are regarded as an important sector contributing to economic growth and stability. This paper is concerned with the bank financing policies to support SME development in China. The purpose of this paper is to examine the governmental financing policies and the innovation financing system of China. The discussions are focused on the bank financing policies to support SME development in China. Design/methodology/approach – This study is a qualitative research with the use of case study methodology (Eisenhardt, 1989; Yin, 2003). The research is focused on the policy perspectives of bank financing to support SME development in the case of China, the world’s fastest-growing economy. To explore the role of financial institutions and banks in SME financing in China, the research also derives evidence from a collection of documentary investigation. The research fieldwork and interviews were undertaken in Beijing and Shanghai, major financial centers in China, with the use of semi-structured questionnaire. The analyses are undertaken to answer the key questions of: What are the Chinese government’s strategies to support the development of SMEs? To what extent the government policies in bank financing can support SMEs and promote the development of an innovative economy? Findings – The empirical study has shown that despite the introduction of the 12th Five-Year National Economic and Social Development Plan to support SMEs development, China still needs to improve regulatory policies in support of innovative businesses which would help its transition to an innovation-driven economy. The study provides lessons and policy guidelines to improve the competitiveness of SMEs in China. The insights from this study can also be applied to other developing and emerging economies attempting to understand the role of financing mechanisms in building an innovative economy. Originality/value – The study has addressed the policy challenges to support SME development in China, a major Asian emerging country and one of the fastest-growing economies in the world (with averaged growth rate of 10 percent per annum). The empirical study of policy challenges was undertaken in Beijing and Shanghai, major financial centers in China. The study offers insights which can be applied to other developing and emerging economies attempting to understand the role of SME financing policies and mechanisms in building an innovative economy.
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Sinyuk, Tatiana, Elena Panfilova, and Ruzanna Pogosyan. "Digital transformation of SME business models as a factor of sustainable socio-economic development." E3S Web of Conferences 295 (2021): 01028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129501028.
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The article deals with technological and managerial aspects of digital transformation of Russian SME business models. The purpose of this article is to develop theoretical and practical approaches to the study of SME business models based on the index of digital transformation of Russian SMEs to justify effective policies for sustainable socio-economic development of the regional and national economy. The article provides quantitative estimates of various parameters of SME business models digitalization using the index of digitalization for SMEs, and also notes the uneven digital development of SME business models in the structural aspect of the array of economic actors, as well as for different sectors of the economy and indicates the existing differences in “digital maturity” business models between SMEs of the capital and regional SMEs. The differences and specific features between different types of business models of SMEs depending on their degree of digital maturity are noted.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "SME development policies"
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Torres, Do Patrocinio Gabriel Henrique. "The impact of European design policies and their implications on the development of a framework to support future Brazilian design policies." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8565.
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About the theme: Public design policies can be explained as sets of principles established by a government intending to apply design into leveraging social, economical, industrial, and regional development. Design policy is an emerging theme in the field of design, and one that has been raising concerns from governments globally. Two aspects drive this interest: the extraordinary growth rates of the creative industries in the past decades; and the ability of Design to be a link between technology, creativity and the user, being a potential unique tool to help innovate and foster economic growth. About the research: The research was proposed responding an observed demand of governments in emerging countries to structure policies to use design to promote industrial and social development. It was structured to analyse current national and regional Design Policies within the framework of common aspects, effective practices and trends; external factors influencing their implementation; general causes of failures; assessment methods; and the influence of coexisting design definitions and trends. The focus is on Brazil, whose government is funding the research, the European Union, and the United Kingdom. In this context the research aims to generate a rationale for planning and assessment of Design Policies based on a review of current effective practices and identified future trends relevant to emerging markets. The main objective of the research is the identification and analysis of the constituent elements, driving forces, impacting factors, expected consequences, assessment methodologies and common failures of design policies. The intended goal is to respond to a demand for new knowledge, data, and tools that could contribute to reduce the current level of uncertainty regarding design policies. Methodology: To acknowledge the established objectives and goal, a comprehensive review of literature was initially carried out, including many reports and other documents from governments and from the EU. Emerging issues from the review informed a two-stage study developed in Brazil. For the first stage, in 2011, thirteen stakeholders were interviewed, from key active governmental programmes and departments. The choice of programmes and departments was validated by questions from the interview itself. The second stage, in 2012, focused on the only currently active design support programme aimed at SMEs in Brazil. During this phase, it was collected archival data and three interviews conducted. Collected data was analysed using descriptive statistic tools. The findings were then filtered using documents and archival data about European effective practices to inform the discussion and recommendations, and further used to generate a modelling framework for design policies. Contribution: The research contribution can be acknowledged in four different levels of outcomes: a comprehensive review of literature (1), combining an assortment of very significant documents and discussing their connections and specific contributions to the field; the application of an interview and archive based case study (2) about design policies in Brazil, corroborating Case Studies as a leading research tool for the area; a discussion on the impacting factors and effective practices of design policies (3); and finally the combined tools Compass Model and Create DP (4) that set together a framework intended to reduce levels of uncertainty in planning design policies.
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Machold, Silke. "Local-level policies for small firm sector development in Russia and Hungary : a comparative analysis." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/87690.
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Arruda, Danilo Raimundo de. "Quinze anos sem Política Regional: uma análise dos Planos do Governo Federal para o Nordeste de 1994 a 2009." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2010. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5040.
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Previous issue date: 2010-02-22Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The aim of this study is to critically identify and analyze, from a theoretical and methodological point of view, the actions and developmental projects stated and implemented in the Brazilian Northeast region between 1994 and 2009. The analyses circumscribe a moment that marks the trajectory of the Brazilian and Northeast economy due to the stability level of prices, started with the Real Plan implementation in 1994. This period is characterized by a series of new both and politics elaborated and implementing Northeast region. The analysis was made based on the neo-schumpeterian approach of system of innovation as well as the Latin American Structural Approach (LASA). This study argues that the neo-schumpeterian approach is as important as the LASA in order to better understand the peripheral economies. The main argument is related to the technical progress as a pivot element to the economic and social promotion and transformation, emphasizing the intangibles factors responsible for its generation and endogenous diffusion, as such: innovative learning and knowledge locally contextualized. Both bibliographical and documentary surveys were carried, mainly being analyzed the following plans and programs: National Policy for Regional Development (PNDR) and Strategic Plan for Sustainable Development of the Northeast (PDNE). In addition, it was also carried a field research where a semi-structured questionnaire was applied to 14 social actors, such as regional scholars and policy-makers. Based on the research of documents, plans, programs and projects, the following results are summarized: concentrated investments in tangibles factors; absence of scientific and technological strategies throughout the period, and disjointed actions in other areas whenever present; enterprises were concentrated in the States of Pernambuco, Bahia and Ceará; inappropriate diagnostic for understanding the systemic reality, not taking into consideration specific features of the Region, such as political and institutional characteristics. Moreover, it was not incorporated Innovation System indicators in the analysis, such as: innovative learning and knowledge, cooperation, interaction, among others. The data analyzed indicate two important issues: i) around 90% of the employees earn no more than two (2) minimal wages; and ii) it was identified a spurious competitive pattern in the Northeast of Brazil, based on low-technology products which require low standard skill qualification, low salaries, as well as fiscal and financial incentives. Therefore, the results outlined above show a lack of Regional political strategy in order to foster structural economical and social change in the Brazilian Northeast.
O objetivo deste estudo consiste em identificar e analisar criticamente, do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico, as ações e planos de desenvolvimento formulados e implementados para o Nordeste do Brasil, no período de 1994 a 2009. A análise circunscreve-se a um momento que marca a trajetória da economia brasileira e do Nordeste, qual seja, a partir da superação da instabilidade do nível de preços, iniciada com a implantação do Plano Real em 1994. Esse período é caracterizado por uma série de novas iniciativas e Políticas elaboradas e em implantação na Região. Para isso, foi feito uso do referencial teórico neo-schumpeteriano de Sistema de Inovação e da teoria estruturalista da CEPAL. As idéias em torno do pensamento neo-schumpeteriano têm uma forte aproximação com as idéias desenvolvidas pelo pensamento cepalino para se estudar as economias periféricas, principalmente quando se trata do progresso técnico como central para se promover a transformação econômica e social, sendo que aquele apresenta avanços ao procurar destacar os fatores intangíveis e que são responsáveis pela geração e difusão endógena desse progresso técnico: aprendizado inovativo e o conhecimento, localmente contextualizados. Além da pesquisa bibliográfica, realizou-se uma pesquisa documental, sendo analisados principalmente, os seguintes planos e programas: o Avança Brasil, o Brasil em Ação, a Política Nacional de Desenvolvimento Regional (PNDR), e o Plano Estratégico de Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Nordeste (PDNE). Utilizou-se também de uma pesquisa de campo com questionário semi-estruturado, entrevistando-se 14 atores sociais, entre esses, estudiosos e fazedores de políticas da Região. A partir da pesquisa documental, dos planos, programas e projetos, e da pesquisa de campo têm-se os seguintes resultados: investimentos concentrados em fatores tangíveis; ao longo do período, a ausência de estratégia para o campo científico, tecnológico e, quando presente, desarticulada de ações em outras áreas; uma distribuição espacial dos empreendimentos concentrando-se nos estados de Pernambuco, Bahia e Ceará; um diagnóstico insuficiente para se compreender a realidade sistêmica, não levando em consideração a realidade política e institucional da Região e a não incorporação da análise dos indicadores do Sistema de Inovação, quais sejam: aprendizado inovativo, conhecimento, cooperação, interação, e outros. Os dados analisados mostram uma massa salarial com quase 90% dos trabalhadores recebendo até 2 (dois) salários mínimos, além de um padrão de competitividade espúria do Nordeste, baseada em produtos de baixo conteúdo tecnológico, cuja produção requer baixa capacitação da mão-de-obra, baixos salários e incentivos fiscais e financeiros. Dos resultados acima destacados, pode-se concluir que falta uma estratégia de Política Regional que promova a transformação da estrutura econômica e social do Nordeste.
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Ott, Eleanor Marie. "Refugee economic self-sufficiency in the US Resettlement Program." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:62e44531-31c7-404c-96c1-f4bb89c0bd4e.
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Globally, twenty-seven countries have resettlement programs associated with UNHCR - representing commitments to the international refugee framework and domestic commitments to those refugees resettled. Since 1975, the US has resettled over three million refugees, including over 75,000 Bhutanese refugees since 2008 - more than all other countries combined on both accounts. The US Office of Refugee Resettlement has the mandate to 'make available sufficient resources for employment training and placement in order to achieve economic self-sufficiency among refugees as quickly as possible' (The Refugee Act of 1980). Nevertheless, their economic self-sufficiency and the intertwined ideas of employment and wellbeing remain little examined. A global systematic review of available high-quality evidence examined whether interventions affect resettled refugees' economic self-sufficiency and wellbeing. Although 9,260 citations were reviewed from a wide variety of academic, policy, and grey literature, no studies met inclusion criteria. This Campbell-registered systematic review concludes that evidence is insufficient to determine if programs affect resettled refugees' economic self-sufficiency and wellbeing. Subsequently, qualitative research explored existing interventions to improve the economic self-sufficiency of resettled refugees, their theories of change, and perceptions of effectiveness in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Program design follows a policy mandate and expects that initial employment leads to sustained self-sufficiency and wellbeing, albeit without measuring these outcomes or providing long-term assistance. The findings serve as a basis for future research and reveal programming implications for the Bhutanese refugee community in Pittsburgh and broadly for refugee resettlement. Next, a cross-sectional survey of 145 randomly selected Bhutanese refugees in Pittsburgh (a response rate of 92.9%) was conducted to provide groundbreaking demographics, rates of economic self-sufficiency, and correlates with improved outcomes. The population was overwhelmingly low-income with high usage of certain assistance such as food assistance. Both bivariate relationships and predictive models for employment, gross income, wages, assistance usage, and having 'enough' money to pay the bills were examined. Overall, these paint a complex picture, including the potential importance of neighborhoods, household size, and religious affiliation as well as a more typical picture of the importance of gender, education levels, and time in the country for certain measures of employment, earnings, and household self-sufficiency. The evidence-based perspective on the economic self-sufficiency of resettled refugees shows that little is known globally, including the potential for interventions to cause harm or success. Understanding the employment services and perspectives of economic self-sufficiency and wellbeing for the Bhutanese population provides a lens to view not only the challenges and successes of this population, but also national and international obligations. As one focus group participant stated, 'Government should understand the nature of the refugees arriving and put us with jobs that ... allow the life to sustain.'
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Robledo-Lopez, Carmen. "New Donors, same old practices? Development cooperation policies of middle-income countries." Phd thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151974.
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This thesis offers a framework to analyse the international action
and the domestic repercussions caused by the engagement of
middle-income countries (MICs) in global governance. Building
from the cases of Mexican and Brazilian development assistance
policies, this research analyses the motivations driving MICs to
act as providers of development assistance. The thesis argues
that MICs are increasingly using development assistance as a
foreign policy tool in a similar manner to traditional donors.
The key difference is MICs’ focus on becoming a donor as a way
to increase international reputation, prestige, image and
respect, elements that in their perception are crucial to gain
influence and to actively participate in global decision-making.
A desire for improved reputation pushes MICs to pursue domestic
transformations. By mirroring international standards MICs get
approval from the North and the success of their development
models produces the admiration of the South, transforming MICs
into bridging actors with the capability to collect consensus
from the North and from the South. Conversely, when MICs aim to
build consensus around their own initiatives, they actively
resist attempts to implement standards that may imply
transformation of institutional settings, bureaucratic structures
and practices along the lines of Western regimes. Consensus
builders bet on the success of their public policy models to gain
admiration and support from less developed countries. Support
that provides consensus builders leverage to contest Western
hegemony and to challenge established regimes.
Given the limited works on the motivations driving ODA (official
development assistance) and few studies on emerging donors, this
thesis presents a theoretical framework based on North-South ODA.
The practices of ten traditional donors are analysed by breaking
down the interplay of four policy-making variables (institutions,
bureaucracy, interest groups and non-material factors). This
framework is further developed for the analysis of the two
case-studies, Mexico and Brazil. Empirical research is supported
with evidence collected through 43 semi-structured interviews.
The choice of within case-analysis and process tracing as methods
of enquiry relies on the advantages offered for small-n
research.
The thesis concludes that the methodological tools developed in
these pages can also be used to analyse other domains of global
governance. While the main objective of this research is to
better understand the underlining motivations of South-South
Cooperation and its use as a foreign policy tool. This study
opens avenues for further examination on the aspirations of MICs
in global politics beyond the development-aid agenda.
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Matos, Pedro Carvalhais de Abreu. "Cibersegurança: políticas públicas para uma cultura de cibersegurança nas empresas." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/17630.
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A história mostra que as revoluções industriais introduziram alterações profundas a todos os
níveis: social, económico e político. Concomitantemente, a globalização potencia processos de
transformação digital tornando pessoas e organizações cada vez mais dependentes das TIC, em
especial do Ciberespaço e da Internet.
Verifica-se um aumento na implementação de políticas públicas, nacionais e europeias, que
visam incentivar a transformação digital das economias, destacando os seus benefícios económicos,
independentemente da dificuldade verificada na medição do seu impacto nos PIB nacionais e globais.
Mas se se aceita que estes processos podem acrescentar benefícios às empresas e à economia em
geral, eles podem também revelar riscos muitas vezes ignorados.
Iniciámos o nosso estudo tentando perceber a ação das empresas, em especial das PME, face
ao risco de segurança digital, mas depressa nos vimos confrontados com a inexistência de dados que
nos pudessem orientar no desenho de um panorama nacional. Na análise do quadro de políticas
públicas, nacional e europeu, para identificar instrumentos ao dispor das organizações para lidar com os
riscos de cibersegurança, percecionámos que a adoção pelas organizações, em Portugal, de culturas
de cibersegurança ainda é incipiente.
Considerando que em matéria de cibersegurança parece existir alguma insatisfação com a ação
do Estado, o nosso trabalho tenta consolidar um conjunto de relações das organizações com a
transformação digital e o risco de segurança digital, sintetiza práticas passiveis de serem adotadas
pelas organizações, e apresenta ainda uma proposta sobre o papel do Estado em matéria de políticas
públicas na área da cibersegurança em Portugal.History shows that industrial revolutions brought about deep shifts at all levels: social, economic and political. At the same time, globalisation fosters digital transformation processes, making people and organisations increasingly dependent on ICT, especially of the cyberspace and the Internet. There is an increase implementation of public policies, both national and European, aimed at stimulating the digital transformation of economies by arguing their economic benefits, regardless of the difficulty in measuring its impact on national and global GDP. However, if one considers that these processes can generate benefits to companies and the economy in general, they may also cause risks that are often ignored. We started our study trying to perceive the action of companies, especially SMEs, in the face of the risk of digital security, but we were soon confronted with the lack of data that could guide us in the design of a national framework. In analysing the national and European public policy framework to identify instruments available to organisations to deal with cybersecurity risks, we realized that the adoption of cybersecurity cultures by organisations in Portugal is still incipient. Considering that there seems to be some dissatisfaction with the action of the State in cybersecurity, our work tries to consolidate a set of relationships between organizations with digital transformation and digital security risks, synthesizes practices that can be adopted by organisations, and submits a proposal on the role of the State regarding cybersecurity public policies in Portugal.
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Oliveira, Erasmo José Pereira de. "Um curso sem sentido?: estratégias institucionais versus estratégias individuais dos estudantes do curso de Apicultura do Campus Pau dos Ferros, IFRN (Brasil)." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/76951.
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Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências da Educação (área de especialização em Sociologia da Educação e Políticas Educativas)O Curso Técnico de Nível Médio Integrado em Apicultura ofertado pelo Campus Pau dos Ferros do IFRN é o único nessa modalidade em todo o Brasil. Esse curso foi criado para atender aos arranjos produtivos locais, possibilitando o desenvolvimento regional, no contexto da expansão da Rede Federal de Educação Tecnológica, que ampliou consideravelmente a quantidade de instituições de educação profissional no Brasil. O presente trabalho dispõe-se a realizar uma análise sociológica (e política) da experiência académica, dos objetivos e estratégias individuais dos estudantes do curso de Apicultura e da sua relação com os objetivos e estratégias da instituição responsável por essa oferta formativa. Procura-se conhecer os documentos institucionais que tratam do tema, assim como realizar um resgate histórico da educação profissional no Brasil enquanto política pública de Estado. Pode-se afirmar que se trata de uma investigação qualitativa, de caráter exploratório, baseada no estudo de caso e que está situada no campo das Políticas Educativas, com abordagem sociológica. Busca-se analisar os impactos decorrentes das situações de convergência ou divergência estratégica entre a orientação institucional e os objetivos individuais de ascensão social dos estudantes. Para realização da pesquisa, foram empregues diversas técnicas, como pesquisa bibliográfica; análise documental; recolha de opinião escrita, por meio de questionários; entrevistas. Ressalte-se que foram respeitados todos os princípios éticos e deontológicos, a exemplo da autorização para coleta de dados, para gravação das entrevistas, assim como para a divulgação do nome da instituição em que o estudo é desenvolvido. Os resultados obtidos colocam em dúvida a efetividade dessa oferta formativa e revelam a necessidade de o IFRN refletir sobre que medidas institucionais podem ser adotadas de modo a atender aos objetivos estabelecidos no Projeto Pedagógico do Curso.
The Secondary Technical Education Course in Beekeeping offered on IFRN's Pau dos Ferros campus Is the only one of its kind in Brazil. The course was created to meet the local productive arrangements, making regional development possible on the context of the Federal Network of Technological Education expansion, what consisted of the creation of several professional education federal institutes in Brazil. This research intends to carry out a sociological (and political) analysis of Beekeeping Course students' academic experience, individual objectives, and strategies, and how these are related to IFRN's objectives and strategies. The institutional documents that address the topic are analyzed, leading to a historical review of Brazil's professional education as a State's public policy. This is a qualitative and exploratory research, based on the case study method and situated in the field of Educational Policies, with a sociological approach. The study aims to analyze the impacts that result from the strategical convergence or divergence between the institution's guidelines and the students' social ascension Individual objectives. In order to perform this research, several techniques were used, such as bibliographical research; documental analysis; gathering of written opinions through questionnaires; Interviews. It is important to make it clear that all the deontological and ethical principles were respected, with the authorization given by the participants to collect the data, record Interviews, as well as the disclosure of the name of the institution where the study was conducted. The results obtained lead to a doubt that questions the efficiency of this educational offer and reveal that the institution needs to reflect upon which institutional measures must be taken in order to meet the objectives established on the Course's Pedagogical Project.
Books on the topic "SME development policies"
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An quan xing she qu: Anquanxing shequ. Beijing: Zhongguo shi dai jing ji chu ban she, 2005.
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She qu zhi an ti xi li lun xuan ze ji mo shi yan pan. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo ren min gong an da xue chu ban she, 2010.
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She hui xing bie yu nong cun fa zhan zheng ce: Zhongguo xi nan de tan suo yu shi jian = Gender and rural development policies : exploration and practice from southwest China. Beijing: Zhongguo she hui ke xue chu ban she, 2009.
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She qu zhi an fang kong ti xi jie du: Shequzhianfangkongtixijiedu. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo she hui chu ban she, 2010.
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Barucci, Piero, Piero Bini, and Lucilla Conigliello, eds. Le sirene del corporativismo e l'isolamento dei dissidenti durante il fascismo. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-455-7.
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The volume collects nine essays on Italian politics, economics, and law during Fascism. Some are dedicated to the ideal objectives of corporatism, aiming at the renewal of politics, institutions and culture, and the objectively dismal results of the implemented policies. Economic researches analyze the debated abolishment of the inheritance tax in the 1923, and the various policies proposed by some Italian economists to counter the disastrous effects of the Great Depression. Specific attention is also given to the problem of the development of Italy’s southern regions. An essay is further dedicated to the influence of corporatism and idealism on the mathematical economist Bruno de Finetti. In the field of law, authors investigate the long lasting features impressed by Fascism on Italian administrative law and, in general, the permanence of a typically Fascist magniloquent style in the Italian jurisdictional language. Lastly, as suggested by title of this volume, a chapter analyses the social and political thinking of Carlo Rosselli, leading anti-fascist intellectual who paid dearly for his dissent.
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Fanfani, David, ed. Pianificare tra città e campagna. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-966-3.
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Agricultural land and woodland in the vicinity of urban settlements appear increasingly to represent a key element and strategic resource for addressing issues of residential quality, and hence the requalification of the urban construct. In effect, from a "vacuum" awaiting construction, the periurban agricultural territory is emerging as the yardstick for a new measurement and integration of the public policies governing urban and territorial plans and those for rural development. This book proposes a number of cues and methodological and operational elements to stimulate reflection on this new scenario. It does so through the exploration of a number of significant and innovative experiences in Italy and the rest of Europe, while at the same time also proposing an initial appraisal of the process of design and social mobilisation for the definition of the scenario for the Prato Agricultural Park.
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APEC Small and Medium Enterprise Working Group., ed. Development of human capital for SME innovation policies: Turning technologies into business value. Singapore: SME Innovation Center, 2007.
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Storey, David J. Evaluating SME Policies and Programmes: Technical and Political Dimensions. Edited by Anuradha Basu, Mark Casson, Nigel Wadeson, and Bernard Yeung. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199546992.003.0010.
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This article is primarily focused on further developing the theme of the political economy way of evaluating the impact of Small and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME) policies. It reaches five key conclusions. First, that evaluation needs to become more central to the policy-making process. Evaluation should not be undertaken solely as a historic accounting exercise to determine whether public money has been spent wisely, although that role is of value. Instead of being, ‘at the end of the line’, evaluation should be used to inform current policy, so that current objectives and targets may be modified in the light of evidence of policy effectiveness. Hence considerations of how policy is evaluated should therefore be incorporated into policy formulation when new ideas are being developed. They could even influence the choices made by governments about how best to engage with SMEs. Specifically, evaluation has to be incorporated as a key element in policy development.
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O, Barclay Rebecca, Kennedy John M, United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., and United States. Dept. of Defense., eds. NASA/DoD aerospace knowledge diffusion research project.: Results of the phase 1 SME mail survey. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.
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O, Barclay Rebecca, Kennedy John M, United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., and United States. Dept. of Defense., eds. NASA/DoD aerospace knowledge diffusion research project.: Results of the phase 1 SME mail survey. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "SME development policies"
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El-Ali, Leena. "God Does Not Prefer Sons Over Daughters (!)." In Sustainable Development Goals Series, 93–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83582-8_10.
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AbstractThe same twin-arguments that try to deprive women of their free will also anchor the policies, laws and customs that prioritise men over women generally, treating them as unequal. These are the so-to-speak “naturally immoral” and “intellectually deficient” claims laid at the door of hadith. Nowhere in the Qur’an does it say that God values people’s sons more than daughters—how could it?
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Ylimaki, Rose M., and Lynnette A. Brunderman. "Concluding Comments and Looking Ahead." In Evidence-Based School Development in Changing Demographic Contexts, 179–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76837-9_12.
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AbstractThis chapter provides concluding reflections and implications for future work in school development amidst global trends toward evidence-based practice, tensions between centralization of curriculum and evaluation policy and the needs of particular, and increasingly diverse communities, schools, and students. We see the globalization of evidence-based school development policies and university-community partnerships, the use of generalizable models developed from experimental design, and increasingly diverse demographics in schools. Thus, we have argued that context matters; evidence does not necessarily mean that a model developed from an experimental design is appropriate for a problem of practice in particular school settings. At the same time, school and district leaders benefit from dialogue within levels and beyond as they work toward improvement in order to navigate the Zone of Uncertainty in their particular school and community context and in relation to particular problems of practice affecting schools in other communities, other states, or even other nation states.
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van Sinderen, Nick. "Document Development, Implementation, Review, Archive, and Disposal." In Quality Management and Accreditation in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, 17–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64492-5_3.
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AbstractThe challenges in setting up a document management system are both technical and organizational. Both need to be addressed to achieve success. Time is required to make a thorough inventory of system requirements, whether electronic or paper-based, and to organize the team that will maintain the system. It is crucial that key stakeholders are involved from the beginning and that they see the value of the quality system in improving clinical care. Routine use by all staff will prevent it from being seen as a burdensome additional imposition due to the need for JACIE accreditation. When fully implemented, the documents and policies become a readily accessible, clinically relevant, educational resource that improves patient care.
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Jancovich, Leila, and David Stevenson. "Histories of Failures." In Palgrave Studies in Cultural Participation, 13–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16116-2_2.
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AbstractThis chapter offers a historical context on the development of cultural participation as a policy “problem” in the UK. Furthermore, it identifies the logic on which policymakers tend to base their cultural participation policies and the assumptions that prevail as a result. Specifically, this chapter looks at the fault lines that have shaped the type of policies, projects, and practices that many cultural agencies see as “necessary” and “appropriate” interventions.
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Oikawa, Koki. "Economic Growth: Why Are There Rich and Poor Countries?" In Sustainable Development Disciplines for Society, 141–58. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5145-9_9.
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AbstractSustainable economic growth is one of the main goals of SDGs. To achieve this goal, we need to know what drives the long-run dynamics of the wealth of nations. In this chapter, we first learn how to measure the level of a country’s wealth and its growth from data, as well as some widely observed facts such as steady growth in some developed countries, the huge international difference in economic growth, and so forth. Next, we develop theoretical models to explain those observations. We present a basic theory of growth with capital accumulation as the driving force and check the consistency with the observed data. Further, we consider firms’ investments into research and development (R &D) and see how innovations drive economic growth. It also tells us the effects of growth policies. Lastly, we discuss other factors that create international difference in economic growth such as education, institution, and misallocation of resources. This chapter contributes to Goal 8 (economic growth) and 9 (innovation) in SDGs.
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Nica, Remus, and Gabriela Jitaru. "Competitive Funding for Institutional Development. The Romanian Experience Between 2016–2020." In Higher Education in Romania: Overcoming Challenges and Embracing Opportunities, 255–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94496-4_13.
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AbstractThe Institutional Development Fund (FDI) is a newly introduced component of Romanian institutional funding with the purpose of supporting public higher education institutions (HEIs) in their pursuit of the national strategic objectives for higher education. This policy aims to encourage universities to formulate their own answers (through institutional projects) to current higher education challenges such as equity and access for students, internationalisation, regional development, improving the quality of teaching, supporting the entrepreneurial and practical activities developed for the benefit of students, etc. Given its current form as a simple combination between objective-based funding and competitive funding, and its recent implementation at a national level, we propose an in-depth exploration of the policys results focusing on institutional activities and targeted objectives. To this aim, the paper presents the relevant results obtained by universities in the last five years of FDI implementation, the trends of HEIs institutional development (measured at the university level), as well as the direct and indirect influence these might have over the overall quality of the Romanian higher education system. At the same time, we look to identify new institutional measures in response to the actual needs of universities (in accordance with university autonomy) in order to underline new implementation directions in accordance with national policies and strategies, both in relation to funding and in relation to national goals, as well as to explore the potential of FDI funding for quality enhancement in higher education.
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Mitolo, Nicola, Paolo Nesi, Gianni Pantaleo, and Michela Paolucci. "Snap4City Platform to Speed Up Policies." In Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions, 103–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57764-3_7.
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AbstractIn the development of smart cities, there is a great emphasis on setting up so-called Smart City Control Rooms, SCCR. This paper presents Snap4City as a big data smart city platform to support the city decision makers by means of SCCR dashboards and tools reporting in real time the status of several of a city’s aspects. The solution has been adopted in European cities such as Antwerp, Florence, Lonato del Garda, Pisa, Santiago, etc., and it is capable of covering extended geographical areas around the cities themselves: Belgium, Finland, Tuscany, Sardinia, etc. In this paper, a major use case is analyzed describing the workflow followed, the methodologies adopted and the SCCR as the starting point to reproduce the same results in other smart cities, industries, research centers, etc. A Living Lab working modality is promoted and organized to enhance the collaboration among municipalities and public administration, stakeholders, research centers and the citizens themselves. The Snap4City platform has been realized respecting the European Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and it is capable of processing every day a multitude of periodic and real-time data coming from different providers and data sources. It is therefore able to semantically aggregate the data, in compliance with the Km4City multi-ontology and manage data: (i) having different access policies; and (ii) coming from traditional sources such as Open Data Portals, Web services, APIs and IoT/IoE networks. The aggregated data are the starting point for the services offered not only to the citizens but also to the public administrations and public-security service managers, enabling them to view a set of city dashboards ad hoc composed on their needs, for example, enabling them to modify and monitor public transportation strategies, offering the public services actually needed by citizens and tourists, monitor the air quality and traffic status to establish, if impose or not, traffic restrictions, etc. All the data and the new knowledge produced by the data analytics of the Snap4City platform can also be accessed, observing the permissions on each kind of data, thanks to the presence of an APIs complex system.
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"Libya's SME policies." In The Development Dimension, 89–112. OECD, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264264205-7-en.
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"Entrepreneurship and SME policies." In Routledge Studies in Development Economics, 83–111. Routledge, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203644898.ch6.
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"10. SME Policies and SME Linkage Development in Singapore." In Entrepreneurship and SMEs in Southeast Asia, 175–205. ISEAS Publishing, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/9789812306197-015.
Full textConference papers on the topic "SME development policies"
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FAKHRELDIN, HADIA. "Evaluating the Effect of Government Policies on Small and Medium Enterprise SME Development Cases from nine different Countries." In Third International Conference on Advances In Social Science, Management and Human Behaviour - SMHB 2015. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-067-5-108.
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Sah, Genesis Gyasi. "Impact of working capital management on the profitability of smes through cash operation cycles in Kumasi." In The Challenges of Analyzing Social and Economic Processes in the 21st Century. Szeged: Szegedi Tudományegyetem Gazdaságtudományi Kar, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/casep21c.8.
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A business ought to be able to breed an adequate amount of cash and cash equivalent to meet its short-term liabilities if it is to carry on and develop in business. For that reason, working capital management which helps an entity to, efficiently and effectively manage current assets and liabilities is a key factor in the company’s long-term success; without working capital, the non- current assets will not function. The better the degree to which current assets exceed current liability, the more solvent or liquid a company is likely to be. This paper observes the relationship between working capital management practices of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and the performance and profitability of these businesses in the Kumasi Metropolis distinctively Asafo, to evaluate key ratios of industries of such working capital management policies in ensuring that current assets meets current liabilities, to assess the degree to which management of SMEs are dedicated to the effective and efficient management of working capital. The implication of the findings is that the government of Ghana should pursue policies aimed at encouraging training and improving the managerial skills of SME owner/managers as well as creating the enabling environment for the development of improved modern technologies to transform the business processes of these vital industries.
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Aufi, Saif Al, Asif Ismail, Maadh Al Mamari, Mahra Al Ruwaishdi, Rafael Cruz, Ishaq Haddabi, Khamis Al Bulushi, et al. "Wells Operations Data Visualization Through GIS Mapping Software." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211830-ms.
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Abstract PDO has grown rapidly over the past few years and is seen as an innovative organisation and a leading company within the Middle East when it comes to applying best practice, adding value to the economical and societal development of the Sultanate of Oman In the highly volatile oil business market, it is very crucial to having information on fingertip, making informed decisions, visualization of the area where the task is been carried out, to know who owns and operates, liable route network adhering to the HSE policies and safety, availability of assets and resources thus helping the workforce to connect, collaborate and deli ver the business KPIs seamlessly. Current ways of operating was the field resources have to navigate to different standalone systems, offline data or maps, excels and data sources to sketch out the needed information which was time consuming, indecorous infor mation, non availabilty of SME to validate and authenticate the data, information is especially valuable for PDO business. As PDO understand the value of data decided to embark the journey through which allows PDO personnel's to connect data of different forms like Products, Assets, Devices, Location, Resources and to use the same in rationalized useful value to reveal the benefit of data value in PDO Business.
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Noyan Yalman, İlkay, Mutlu Türkoğlu, and Yalçın Yalman. "Small and Medium Sizes Enterprises (SMEs) and Foreign Trade Policy." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01207.
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A high level of a country’s foreign trade is related to the growth of foreign earnings, to the acceleration of investments, to increase employment and contributes significantly to the growth of the country's economy. In this context, SMEs as one of the mile stones of the economy, foreign trade and economic growth are located in the leading roles. Especially SMEs sufficiently developed oppressed against strong opponents abroad, government policies or practices in trade restrictive policies are some of the reasons for this downside.
SMEs that exports goods, or the infrastructure needed to produce goods for SMEs who import raw materials as well as the country's foreign trade policies and developments in the world economy is important. SMEs to follow the development, recognizing competitors, new markets, new products is very important in terms of growth both business and the countries.
In this study, SMEs engaged in foreign trade in Sivas Province performing an application on in terms of both the business and government policy at the local level status will be examined. Data will be obtained on issues such as ultimately foreign trade potential of existing SMEs while doing foreign trade problems they face, strengths and weaknesses, market policies at national and international levels, the opinions about the state's foreign trade policy. The results obtained from the data on SMEs engaged in foreign trade by making general inferences about the data obtained on a micro scale, will allow making inferences on the macro scale.
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Chukwu, P. O., and C. U. Ikoku. "A Comparative Evaluation of Evolving Nigerian Petroleum Development Policies." In SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/22029-ms.
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Alremeithi, Humaid. "No One Is Left Behind." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210837-ms.
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Abstract Since ADNOC's LNG business was established in 1973, we have held true to the UAE's founders' vision of continuously supporting and developing our most valuable assets, our people. This has been the driving force behind the company's story of growth and its developing reputation. It is also a significant factor in our retention of talented individuals and our attractiveness for high-performing newcomers. No One Is Left Behind (NOILB) is an inclusive development approach ensuring the development needs of all our employees are met through a series of established processes, services and products. Phase 1 engages employees through a series of divisional and one-to-one awareness and support sessions. We aim to ensure all employees know the development options available, while emphasizing the importance of taking ownership of their own development. Phase 2 is an on-going process, of real-time group or one-to-one follow-up and technical support throughout the year. Phase 3, run in parallel, consists of "specialty programs". These include our "License to Lead" program and an internal subject matter expert (SME) program called "Khebrati", designed to support the quality of our training and ensure its relevance to both our employees and our business, as well as the "My Project program", through which high potential employees are identified and are given the opportunity to highlight challenges within their division. The Khebrati program allows for real return on investment through internal development courses delivered by our most talented and experienced people. These courses include soft and behavioral skills as well as technical skills. The SMEs are identified by their leaders and through self-nomination. We assess their capability in delivering courses, train them if needed and help develop their content. Khebrati was launched in Q3 2021 and (despite pandemic-related restrictions) to-date 12 courses have been delivered to 58 attendees. Our License to Lead program supports employees who either manage teams or have been identified as potential future leaders through our succession planning processes. The program ensures the target audience is equipped with the essential leadership skills, the policies, procedures and systems know-how required to effectively to lead and manage their teams. The program is certified by the Chartered Management Institute and, to-date, 13 of our initial 15 candidates have successfully graduated. Through the "No One Is Left Behind" initiative and its related programs, we ensure our people understand the importance of taking ownership of their development with the targeted and practical support needed to ensure their success. This is an important contribution to our culture of continuous improvement, that enables organic employee development and enhances retention. It also builds a persistent database of skills and experience. NOILB has a direct impact on the business. Its highly cost-effective utilization of in-house resources in competence development boosts employee engagement and productivity, and reduces commercial and operational risks. During the pandemic, up-skilling employees helped to address some of the workforce mobility challenges, supporting business resilience efforts. Overall, customer satisfaction improves, and profitability grows. This paper highlights the significance of talent development strategies and the benefits of maximizing workforce capability, a key process - particularly in challenging times of operational and business risk - for any organization to ensure it is "future-proofed".
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Perboli, Guido, Andrea Tronzano, Mariangela Rosano, Luciano Tarantino, and Filippo Velardocchia. "Using machine learning to assess public policies: a real case study for supporting SMEs development in Italy." In 2021 IEEE Technology & Engineering Management Conference - Europe (TEMSCON-EUR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/temscon-eur52034.2021.9488581.
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Nikač, Željko, and Vanda Božić. "PRAVNI I INSTITUCIONALNI OKVIR ZA RAD POLICIJE KAO USLUŽNOG SERVISA GRAĐANA." In 14 Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xivmajsko.667n.
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In modern society, the model of organization and the method of police work derive from the legal system of the state based on the development of parliamentarism, democracy and the rule of law. In developed countries of common and continental law, the dominant model of police organization and work is community policing, according to which the police and community are working together, and the police is the service of citizens. Serbia and the ex-YU member states have accepted the same model as part of the police reform. Model of police organization and method of work is in the function of performing the delegated tasks and duties, for the benefit of the community and citizens, with respect for and protection of human rights and civil liberties. The report presents the legal and institutional framework for the organization and work of the police, in the form of international and national legal sources, among which the Police Law of Republic of Serbia takes a central place. In the function of service provision, "tools" for police work - powers, measures and actions are highlighted. Finally, the initial proposals de lege ferenda for improving the legislative framework have been presented and the importance of the police as a citizen service in the context of European integration has been highlighted.
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Aniebo, Igolo Nonye, and Joseph Samuel Akpan. "Energy Transition: Implications, Considerations, and Roadmap Development for Sub-Saharan Africa." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211990-ms.
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Abstract Climate change is no longer a myth and is evident worldwide in different alterations of the weather. Over the past two decades, scientists worked to find alternate sources of energy that were not fossil-based. Success in this endeavour led to what is now termed as a global transition to renewable and sustainable energy. In most climes, this marks a new beginning filled with opportunities and a chance to allow the earth to heal. Highly developed economies like Norway and some member countries of the European Union, being the driver of the transition, have begun to make policies that align with the new age, setting themselves to have a stake in the profit. The African continent, which has abundant energy resources but is neither a major contributor nor a driver of climate change but suffers just as much as other continents in the world from its effects, is not in a position to take any corrective action, showing the incapacity to participate in any potential economic gain. This paper studies the Sub-Saharan landscape by visiting the histories of the nations in question based on the energy resources within their borders and the current state of energy transition development. It examines the freedom of said countries to create policies that work for them, indicating the implications of lack of planning and the taint it may have on the new trend in the countries of interest. Efforts would also be made in highlighting a roadmap that can serve as a knowledge base to facilitate the implementation of best strategies in enabling successful energy transition in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Wagner, Al. "Development of a Full Size Police Pursuit Sport Utility." In 1996 SAE International Truck and Bus Meeting and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/962227.
Full textReports on the topic "SME development policies"
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Gachot, Sebastien, Carmine Paolo De Salvo, and Gonzalo Rondinone. Analysis of Agricultural Policies in Jamaica (2015-2019). Inter-American Development Bank, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003901.
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The agricultural sector plays a crucial role in Jamaicas economic development by contributing to employment (15.93% of the active population in 2019; higher than the regional average) and exports (18% of total exports in 2019). This monograph offers an update of the Producer Support Estimate (PSE) methodology applied to Jamaica for the period 2015-2019 and documents the evolution of agricultural policies-related GHG emissions over the same period. Between 2015 and 2019, the market price support remained, by far, the main PSE component in Jamaica, heavily concentrated in the poultry subsector, followed by sugar. The positive trend in non-distorting General Service Support Estimate (GSSE) observed between 2012 and 2014 came to a halt. %GSSE even slightly decreased between 2015 and 2019, making Jamaica lag even further behind other countries. Concerning the GHG emissions, the picture has not changed significantly either. The poultry and sugar subsectors remained those that received most policy support and those that emitted the most. Several policy recommendations arise from this report, such as a shift away from an over-reliance of policy support on MPS and an increased focus on less-distortive forms of support, such as GSSE. Additional R&D investments, physical infrastructures, climate risk management systems would help address some of the agricultural sectors most pressing productivity and profitability issues. Lastly, it is advisable to diversify and rebalance the support provided by agricultural policies across subsectors to better align agricultural policy goals with GHG emissions reduction objective.
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Biegelbauer, Peter, Christian Hartmann, Wolfgang Polt, Anna Wang, and Matthias Weber. Mission-Oriented Innovation Policies in Austria – a case study for the OECD. JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2020.493.
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In recent years, mission-oriented approaches have received growing interest in science, technology and innovation (STI) policies against the background of two developments. First, while so-called “horizontal” or “generic” approaches to research, technology and innovation policies have largely been successful in improving the general innovation performance or the rate of innovation, there are perceived limitations in terms of insufficiently addressing the direction of technological change and innovation. Second, “grand societal challenges” emerged on policy agendas, such as climate change, security, food and energy supply or ageing populations, which call for thematic orientation and the targeting of research and innovation efforts. In addition, the apparent success of some mission-oriented initiatives in countries like China, South Korea, and the United States in boosting technological development for purposes of strengthening competitiveness contributed to boosting the interest in targeted and directional government interventions in STI. Against the backdrop of this renewed interest in mission-oriented STI policy, the OECD has addressed the growing importance of this topic and launched a project looking into current experiences with Mission-Oriented Innovation Policy (MOIP). The present study on MOIP in Austria was commissioned by the Austrian Federal Ministry for Climate Action, Energy, Mobility, Environment, Innovation and Technologiy (BMK) and comprises the Austrian contributions to this OECD project. The study aims at contributing Austrian experiences to the international debate and to stimulate a national debate on MOIP.
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Domínguez, Roberto. Perceptions of the European Union in Latin America. Fundación Carolina, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt76en.
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This working paper examines the puzzle of the gaps between the images that the EU projects, voluntarily and involuntarily, and the perceptions of the EU in Latin America. After reviewing some of the debates related to the role of perceptions in public policy and EU Public Diplomacy (EUPD), the paper analyzes some critical developments in global perceptions of the EU based on the study Update of the 2015 Analysis of the Perception of the EU and EU Policies Abroad (2021 Update Study), which assessed the attitudes of the EU in 13 countries. The third section examines some studies on the attitudes of the EU in Latin America, including some contributions from Latinobarometer. The fourth section offers comparative cases of EU perception in Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia based on the findings of the 2021 Update Study. The analysis of each country relies on the interpretation of surveys with some references to the press analysis and interview methods provided in the 2021 Update Study. Each case discusses specific trends in the following areas: visibility, primary descriptors, global economics, and international leadership. Also, it identifies some patterns in perceptions of the EU in social development, climate change, research/technology, development assistance, culture, the case of the critical juncture in the survey (pandemic), and the EU as a normative setter. The final section offers some general trends in the perceptions of the EU in Latin America.
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Wong, Debbie, and Elizabeth Cassity. . Teacher development multi-year studies. Emerging themes: Challenges and enablers. Australian Council for Educational Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-675-8.
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The global learning crisis has highlighted the urgent need to improve the quality of education. COVID-19 disruptions have placed even greater focus on the learning improvement agenda, and the need to ensure disadvantaged children are not further left behind. Teacher development, and improving teaching quality, therefore is at the heart of many education systems’ policies and programs. This paper presents some of the key considerations for improving teaching across three countries which are being investigated as part of a multi-year teacher development study series. This study series, commissioned by the Australian Government’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), involves the investigation of teacher development initiatives in Timor-Leste, Vanuatu and Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos). The overall aim of each study is to investigate: To what extent does the Australian investment produce improved teaching quality and improved student learning?
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Campbell, Bryan, and Michel Magnan. Towards the new bioeconomy: Bio-manufacturing as a strategic economic development initiative for Quebec. CIRANO, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/aktj9050.
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Globally, the bioeconomy can be defined as the domain of the economy based on products, services and processes derived from biological resources. In this regard, synthetic biology refers to the characteristics of a field derived from biology that has developed over the past thirty years thanks to advances in applied genetics and bioengineering. Some predict that the future economy will primarily be a bioeconomy based on these emerging techniques, which are consistent with the decarbonization of our economy. We first describe the international reality of the "Bio Revolution" and then aim to assess Quebec's position. Next, we present some government policies following a top-down approach from different jurisdictions. A case study of a Montreal-based company allows us to highlight the problems it faced in attracting the financial capital needed for its growth. Another critical issue in the field is the scalability of production processes. We explore this issue further in agritech, a high potential sector but whose realization faces several socio-economic challenges. This analysis serves as a backdrop to our recommendations to develop a roadmap for government support for synthetic biology.
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Schorung, Matthieu. A Geographical Contribution on Interurban Passenger Rail Transportation in the United States. Mineta Transportation Institute, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2212.
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Why does the rail infrastructure of the United States lag behind those of many other developed countries? Where is U.S. high-speed rail? This research approaches this in a dilemma by exploring Amtrak’s traditional rail services and high-speed rail projects in the nation to understand the workings of public rail transportation policies, what they contain, and how they are developed and pursued by the different stakeholders. This research utilizes case studies and a multiscale approach to analyze the territorialization of intercity rail transportation policies. The analysis demonstrates the emergence of a bottom-up approach to projects, notably apparent in the California HSR project and in the modernization of the Cascades corridor. Furthermore, this research concluded that, first, the development of uniform arguments and recommendations to encourage new rail policies emphasizes structuring effects and economic role of high-speed rail, congestion reduction, modal shift. Second, a tangible though uneven pro-rail position exists among public actors at all levels. Stakeholders prioritize improving and modernizing existing corridors for the launch of higher-speed services, and then on hybrid networks that combine different types of infrastructures. Although there are no publicly backed projects for new lines exclusively dedicated to high-speed rail, most of the high-speed corridors are in fact “higher-speed” corridors, some of which are intended to become high-speed at some time in the future.
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Martin, Noémie, and Pierre-Olivier Pineau. Choosing to Pay More for Electricity: an experiment on the level of residential consumer cooperation. CIRANO, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/xdvi6385.
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Reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions are two cornerstones of the fight against climate change. Signaling negative externalities of individual consumption on the environment is at the heart of public policies, and usually materializes through an increase in the price of polluting good and services. However, social resistance typically arises when such policies are implemented. In this experiment, we are interested in testing the context in which individuals would be willing to pay more for electricity. We use the situation of Québec (Canada), where low-cost hydropower sold below market value, akin to a consumption subsidy, leads to high residential consumption. Increasing regulated prices closer to their market value would result in a direct welfare gain and free some green energy, reducing greenhouse gases (GHG) in other sectors. The choice to pay more is a prisoner’s dilemma, and we find in this framework that giving clear and transparent information on the consequences of the price increase induces a majority of people to choose to pay more. In addition to the economic benefit of the public good, the presence of the environmental benefit increases contributions. Participants with a more severe budget constraint tend to contribute less. These results are encouraging for the development of efficient energy policies reducing GHG emissions.
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Bano, Masooda, and Daniel Dyonisius. Community-Responsive Education Policies and the Question of Optimality: Decentralisation and District-Level Variation in Policy Adoption and Implementation in Indonesia. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/108.
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Decentralisation, or devolving authority to the third tier of government to prioritise specific policy reforms and manage their implementation, is argued to lead to pro-poor development for a number of reasons: local bureaucrats can better gauge the local needs, be responsive to community demands, and, due to physical proximity, can be more easily held accountable by community members. In the education sector, devolving authority to district government has thus been seen as critical to introducing reforms aimed at increasing access and improving learning outcomes. Based on fieldwork with district-level education bureaucracies, schools, and communities in two districts in the state of West Java in Indonesia, this article shows that decentralisation has indeed led to community-responsive policy-development in Indonesia. The district-level education bureaucracies in both districts did appear to prioritise community preferences when choosing to prioritise specific educational reforms from among many introduced by the national government. However, the optimality of these preferences could be questioned. The prioritised policies are reflective of cultural and religious values or immediate employment considerations of the communities in the two districts, rather than being explicitly focused on improving learning outcomes: the urban district prioritised degree completion, while the rural district prioritised moral education. These preferences might appear sub-optimal if the preference is for education bureaucracies to focus directly on improving literacy and numeracy outcomes. Yet, taking into account the socio-economic context of each district, it becomes easy to see the logic dictating these preferences: the communities and the district government officials are consciously prioritising those education policies for which they foresee direct payoffs. Since improving learning outcomes requires long-term commitment, it appears rational to focus on policies promising more immediate gains, especially when they aim, indirectly and implicitly, to improve actual learning outcomes. Thus, more effective community mobilisation campaigns can be developed if the donor agencies funding them recognise that it is not necessarily the lack of information but the nature of the local incentive structures that shapes communities’ expectations of education. Overall, decentralisation is leading to more context-specific educational policy prioritisation in Indonesia, resulting in the possibility of significant district-level variation in outcomes. Further, looking at the school-level variation in each district, the paper shows that public schools ranked as high performing had students from more privileged socio-economic backgrounds and were catering for communities that had more financial resources to support activities in the school, compared with schools ranked as low performing. Thus, there is a gap to bridge within public schools and not just between public and private schools.
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Savchenko, Sergii V., Svitlana O. Shekhavtsova, and Vladimir I. Zaselskiy. The development of students' critical thinking in the context of information security. [б. в.], November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4420.
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The problem of students’ critical thinking development in the context of information security becomes important in international and national educational policies as a means of fostering active citizenship and in turn sustainable development. The purpose of the given research is to introduce theoretical substantiation and experimental approbation of students’ critical thinking development in the context of information security. The skills of critical thinking help students to cope with the bulk of information they daily receive. However, there is still no conventional methodology for critical thinking development in university students. In our study we suggest possible ways to develop critical thinking in university students via introducing some special courses into the curriculum, and consider the results of the experimental study conducted on the basis of two Ukrainian leading universities. In order to improve the students’ skills of critical thinking the author suggested implementing the special course “The specifics of students’ critical thinking in the context of information security”, and an optional distance course on optimization of students’ critical thinking on the background of information and communication technologies. After the implementation of the suggested courses the indicators of students’ critical thinking development showed positive changes and proved the efficiency of the special courses as well as the general hypothesis of the study.
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Wong, Ka Ying, Sakshi Pandey, Veronica Ern Hui Wee, and KE Seetha Ram. Planning and Capacity Building for High-Speed Rail Development in India: Five Key Lessons. Asian Development Bank Institute, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/pgrm7468.
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India’s urbanization rate has increased from 26% in 1991 to 35% in 2021, and it is expected to reach 41% by 2030 (World Bank 2022). In response to this, as the backbone of its growing economy, the country’s infrastructure development, particularly transportation development, has been heavily emphasized. The railway sector will see an investment of $715.41 billion by 2030. Along with a series of supporting government policies, an opportunity to expand the high-speed rail (HSR) network has been presented in India. From the viewpoint of the government, HSR is an effective tool to address the surge in travel demand because of its mass transportation, high speed, and high energy efficiency (Suzuki et al. 2022). Besides, HSR projects bring about a ripple effect on the Indian economy by generating local employment opportunities, catalyzing the steel and cement sector and galvanizing AatmaNirbhar Bharat (an initiative by the Government of India to make the country self-reliant) through the indigenization of technology (National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited 2022). From the perspective of communities and individuals, HSR improves their quality of life by offering a faster and safer transportation option for work and travel.