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Tang, Dan, Jingwen Sheng, Liangting Xu, Xiechao Zhan, Jiaming Liu, Hui Jiang, Xiaoling Shu, et al. "Cryo-EM structure of C9ORF72–SMCR8–WDR41 reveals the role as a GAP for Rab8a and Rab11a." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 18 (April 17, 2020): 9876–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002110117.
A massive intronic hexanucleotide repeat (GGGGCC) expansion in C9ORF72 is a genetic origin of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Recently, C9ORF72, together with SMCR8 and WDR41, has been shown to regulate autophagy and function as Rab GEF. However, the precise function of C9ORF72 remains unclear. Here, we report the cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the human C9ORF72–SMCR8–WDR41 complex at a resolution of 3.2 Å. The structure reveals the dimeric assembly of a heterotrimer of C9ORF72–SMCR8–WDR41. Notably, the C-terminal tail of C9ORF72 and the DENN domain of SMCR8 play critical roles in the dimerization of the two protomers of the C9ORF72–SMCR8–WDR41 complex. In the protomer, C9ORF72 and WDR41 are joined by SMCR8 without direct interaction. WDR41 binds to the DENN domain of SMCR8 by the C-terminal helix. Interestingly, the prominent structural feature of C9ORF72–SMCR8 resembles that of the FLNC–FNIP2 complex, the GTPase activating protein (GAP) of RagC/D. Structural comparison and sequence alignment revealed that Arg147 of SMCR8 is conserved and corresponds to the arginine finger of FLCN, and biochemical analysis indicated that the Arg147 of SMCR8 is critical to the stimulatory effect of the C9ORF72–SMCR8 complex on Rab8a and Rab11a. Our study not only illustrates the basis of C9ORF72–SMCR8–WDR41 complex assembly but also reveals the GAP activity of the C9ORF72–SMCR8 complex.
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McAlpine, William, Lei Sun, Kuan-wen Wang, Aijie Liu, Ruchi Jain, Miguel San Miguel, Jianhui Wang, et al. "Excessive endosomal TLR signaling causes inflammatory disease in mice with defective SMCR8-WDR41-C9ORF72 complex function." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 49 (November 15, 2018): E11523—E11531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1814753115.
The SMCR8-WDR41-C9ORF72 complex is a regulator of autophagy and lysosomal function. Autoimmunity and inflammatory disease have been ascribed to loss-of-function mutations of Smcr8 or C9orf72 in mice. In humans, autoimmunity has been reported to precede amyotrophic lateral sclerosis caused by mutations of C9ORF72. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying autoimmunity and inflammation caused by C9ORF72 or SMCR8 deficiencies remain unknown. Here, we show that splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and activated circulating T cells observed in Smcr8−/− mice were rescued by triple knockout of the endosomal Toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLR3, TLR7, and TLR9. Myeloid cells from Smcr8−/− mice produced excessive inflammatory cytokines in response to endocytosed TLR3, TLR7, or TLR9 ligands administered in the growth medium and in response to TLR2 or TLR4 ligands internalized by phagocytosis. These defects likely stem from prolonged TLR signaling caused by accumulation of LysoTracker-positive vesicles and by delayed phagosome maturation, both of which were observed in Smcr8−/− macrophages. Smcr8−/− mice also showed elevated susceptibility to dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis, which was not associated with increased TLR3, TLR7, or TLR9 signaling. Deficiency of WDR41 phenocopied loss of SMCR8. Our findings provide evidence that excessive endosomal TLR signaling resulting from prolonged ligand–receptor contact causes inflammatory disease in SMCR8-deficient mice.
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Liang, Chen, Qiang Shao, Wei Zhang, Mei Yang, Qing Chang, Rong Chen, and Jian-Fu Chen. "Smcr8 deficiency disrupts axonal transport-dependent lysosomal function and promotes axonal swellings and gain of toxicity in C9ALS/FTD mouse models." Human Molecular Genetics 28, no. 23 (October 18, 2019): 3940–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddz230.
Abstract G4C2 repeat expansions in an intron of C9ORF72 cause the most common familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (collectively, C9ALS/FTD). Mechanisms and mediators of C9ALS/FTD pathogenesis remain poorly understood. C9orf72 and Smcr8 form a protein complex. Here, we show that expression of Smcr8, like C9orf72, is reduced in C9ALS/FTD mouse models and patient tissues. Since Smcr8 is highly conserved between human and mouse, we evaluated the effects of Smcr8 downregulation in mice. Smcr8 knockout (KO) mice exhibited motor behavior deficits, which resemble those of C9ALS/FTD mouse models, and displayed axonal swellings in their spinal cords and neuromuscular junctions. These deficits are caused by impaired autophagy-lysosomal functions due to disrupted axonal transport in mutant motor neurons. Consistent with its interaction with C9orf72 and their downregulation in patient tissues, Smcr8 deficiency exacerbated autophagy-lysosomal impairment in C9orf72 KO mice. The disease relevance of Smcr8 downregulation was reflected by exacerbated axonal swellings and gain of toxicity pathology arising from Smcr8 haploinsufficiency in a mouse model of C9ALS/FTD. Thus, our in vivo studies suggested that Smcr8 deficiency impairs axonal transport dependent autophagy-lysosomal function and exacerbates axonal degeneration and gain of toxicity in C9ALS/FTD mouse models.
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Nörpel, Julia, Simone Cavadini, Andreas D. Schenk, Alexandra Graff-Meyer, Daniel Hess, Jan Seebacher, Jeffrey A. Chao, and Varun Bhaskar. "Structure of the human C9orf72-SMCR8 complex reveals a multivalent protein interaction architecture." PLOS Biology 19, no. 7 (July 23, 2021): e3001344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001344.
A major cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) spectrum disorder is the hexanucleotide G4C2 repeat expansion in the first intron of the C9orf72 gene. Many underlying mechanisms lead to manifestation of disease that include toxic gain-of-function by repeat G4C2 RNAs, dipeptide repeat proteins, and a reduction of the C9orf72 gene product. The C9orf72 protein interacts with SMCR8 and WDR41 to form a trimeric complex and regulates multiple cellular pathways including autophagy. Here, we report the structure of the C9orf72-SMCR8 complex at 3.8 Å resolution using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The structure reveals 2 distinct dimerization interfaces between C9orf72 and SMCR8 that involves an extensive network of interactions. Homology between C9orf72-SMCR8 and Folliculin-Folliculin Interacting Protein 2 (FLCN-FNIP2), a GTPase activating protein (GAP) complex, enabled identification of a key residue within the active site of SMCR8. Further structural analysis suggested that a coiled-coil region within the uDenn domain of SMCR8 could act as an interaction platform for other coiled-coil proteins, and its deletion reduced the interaction of the C9orf72-SMCR8 complex with FIP200 upon starvation. In summary, this study contributes toward our understanding of the biological function of the C9orf72-SMCR8 complex.
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Yang, Mei, Chen Liang, Kunchithapadam Swaminathan, Stephanie Herrlinger, Fan Lai, Ramin Shiekhattar, and Jian-Fu Chen. "A C9ORF72/SMCR8-containing complex regulates ULK1 and plays a dual role in autophagy." Science Advances 2, no. 9 (September 2016): e1601167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1601167.
The intronic GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat expansion in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72) is a prevalent genetic abnormality identified in both frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Smith-Magenis syndrome chromosomal region candidate gene 8 (SMCR8) is a protein with unclear functions. We report that C9ORF72 is a component of a multiprotein complex containing SMCR8, WDR41, and ATG101 (an important regulator of autophagy). The C9ORF72 complex displays guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity and acts as a guanosine diphosphate–guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GDP-GTP) exchange factor (GEF) for RAB39B. We created Smcr8 knockout mice and found that Smcr8 mutant cells exhibit impaired autophagy induction, which is similarly observed in C9orf72 knockdown cells. Mechanistically, SMCR8/C9ORF72 interacts with the key autophagy initiation ULK1 complex and regulates expression and activity of ULK1. The complex has an additional role in regulating later stages of autophagy. Whereas autophagic flux is enhanced in C9orf72 knockdown cells, depletion of Smcr8 results in a reduced flux with an abnormal expression of lysosomal enzymes. Thus, C9ORF72 and SMCR8 have similar functions in modulating autophagy induction by regulating ULK1 and play distinct roles in regulating autophagic flux.
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Amick, Joseph, Agnes Roczniak-Ferguson, and Shawn M. Ferguson. "C9orf72 binds SMCR8, localizes to lysosomes, and regulates mTORC1 signaling." Molecular Biology of the Cell 27, no. 20 (October 15, 2016): 3040–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e16-01-0003.
Hexanucleotide expansion in an intron of the C9orf72 gene causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. However, beyond bioinformatics predictions that suggested structural similarity to folliculin, the Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome tumor suppressor, little is known about the normal functions of the C9orf72 protein. To address this problem, we used genome-editing strategies to investigate C9orf72 interactions, subcellular localization, and knockout (KO) phenotypes. We found that C9orf72 robustly interacts with SMCR8 (a protein of previously unknown function). We also observed that C9orf72 localizes to lysosomes and that such localization is negatively regulated by amino acid availability. Analysis of C9orf72 KO, SMCR8 KO, and double-KO cell lines revealed phenotypes that are consistent with a function for C9orf72 at lysosomes. These include abnormally swollen lysosomes in the absence of C9orf72 and impaired responses of mTORC1 signaling to changes in amino acid availability (a lysosome-dependent process) after depletion of either C9orf72 or SMCR8. Collectively these results identify strong physical and functional interactions between C9orf72 and SMCR8 and support a lysosomal site of action for this protein complex.
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Jung, Jennifer, and Christian Behrends. "Multifaceted role of SMCR8 as autophagy regulator." Small GTPases 11, no. 1 (October 3, 2017): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21541248.2017.1346553.
Talaia, Gabriel, Joseph Amick, and Shawn M. Ferguson. "Receptor-like role for PQLC2 amino acid transporter in the lysosomal sensing of cationic amino acids." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 8 (February 17, 2021): e2014941118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014941118.
PQLC2, a lysosomal cationic amino acid transporter, also serves as a sensor that responds to scarcity of its substrates by recruiting a protein complex composed of C9orf72, SMCR8, and WDR41 to the surface of lysosomes. This protein complex controls multiple aspects of lysosome function. Although it is known that this response to changes in cationic amino acid availability depends on an interaction between PQLC2 and WDR41, the underlying mechanism for the regulated interaction is not known. In this study, we present evidence that the WDR41–PQLC2 interaction is mediated by a short peptide motif in a flexible loop that extends from the WDR41 β-propeller and inserts into a cavity presented by the inward-facing conformation of PQLC2. The data support a transceptor model wherein conformational changes in PQLC2 related to substrate transport regulate the availability of the WDR41-binding site on PQLC2 and mediate recruitment of the WDR41-SMCR8-C9orf72 complex to the surface of lysosomes.
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Zhao, Shidong, Wenwen Ru, Xinyan Chen, Shanhui Liao, Zhongliang Zhu, Jiahai Zhang, and Chao Xu. "Structural insights into SMCR8 C-degron recognition by FEM1B." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 557 (June 2021): 236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.046.
Kumar, Vijay. "Molecular interactions between C9ORF72 and SMCR8: A local energetic frustration perspective." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 570 (September 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.07.016.
Pietri, David. "Structure and function of the C9ORF72-SMCR8-WDR41 complex and its implication for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023STRAJ087.
La sclérose latérale amyotrophique (SLA ou maladie de Charcot) est la troisième maladie neurodégénérative la plus répandue. La principale cause génétique de la SLA est une expansion de répétitions GGGGCC dans le gène C9ORF72, dont la protéine forme un complexe avec les protéines SMCR8 et WDR41. Afin de mieux comprendre ses fonctions moléculaires, résoudre sa structure était un objectif principal de ma thèse. En parallèle, nous avons découvert que C9ORF72 régule un mécanisme nouvellement décrit de biogenèse de nouveaux lysosomes nommé reformation autophagique des lysosomes (ALR). Ce processus a largement été investigué dans cette thèse afin de mieux comprendre sa régulation, notamment pour la régénération des lysosomes en conditions basales et de privation d’acides aminés. Mon travail révèle un nouveau partenaire du complexe C9ORF72 et une nouvelle fonction de ce complexe dans la biogenèse des lysosomes. Ces résultats pourraient ainsi expliquer le dysfonctionnement des lysosomes et la neurodégénérescence observés dans la SLA, ce qui pourrait ainsi ouvrir de nouvelles voies thérapeutiques pour cette maladie dévastatrice Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Charcot disease) is the third most common neurodegenerative disease. The main genetic cause of ALS is an expansion of GGGGCC repeats in the C9ORF72 gene which protein forms a complex with the SMCR8 and WDR41 proteins. To better understand its molecular functions, solving its structure was a main goal of my thesis. In parallel, we discovered that C9ORF72 regulates a newly described mechanism of biogenesis of newly-formed lysosomes, called autophagic lysosome reformation (ALR). This process has been extensively investigated during my thesis, in order to better understand its regulation, particularly for the regeneration of lysosomes in basal conditions and amino acid deprivation. My work reveals a new partner of the C9ORF72 complex as a novel function in lysosome biogenesis. These results could thus explain the dysfunction of lysosomes and neurodegeneration observed in ALS, which open new therapeutic ways for this devastating disease
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O'Donohue, Daniel J. "First-term retention of enlisted Selected Marine Corps (SMCR) Reservists." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23233.
This thesis examines factors that influence a male, first-term enlisted reservist's decision to remain in the Selected Marine Corps Reserve (SMCR). Specifically, the logistic regression model was used to determine the relative impact of bio-demographic and both pecuniary and nonpecuniary job factors on retention. Models were developed for both nonprior (NPS) and prior active service (PS) reservists. The database was a combination of the responses of participants in the 1986 Reserve Components Surveys and their personnel records from the Reserve Components Common Personnel Data System. The thesis concludes with reserve policy implications and recommendations for further research. Important findings of this thesis were: Reserve income has a statistically significant and positive impact on SMCR retention. Civilian income was not found to be a factor. Educational benefits, civilian job-related training, and retirement benefits were found to be significant factors in retaining prior service reservists. Keywords: Marine corps personnel, Job training, Personnel retention, Theses
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Licari, Anthony D. "DEVELOPING A MARKOV MODEL FOR FORECASTING END STRENGTH OF SELECTED MARINE CORPS RESERVE (SMCR) OFFICERS." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/32856.
This thesis develops Markov models for prior service (PS) and non-prior service (NPS) Selected Marine Corps Reserve (SMCR) officers. Data were collected from the Total Force Data Warehouse (TFDW) for all SMCR officers who served between September 30, 1998 and October 31, 2012. Determining SMCR officer end strength is necessary for reserve manpower planners to balance the force structure, minimize personnel excesses and shortages that impact training and labor costs, and to manage career progression. The PS model validation and analysis show that an aggregate monthly rate and unique monthly transition rates produce similar results. Both models perform well and they are consistent and accurate. Consistency and accuracy are important because budget planners and recruiting command rely on manpower estimates during the fiscal year. Overall, the aggregate monthly rate models perform slightly better than the unique monthly transition rate models with respect to end strength prediction, average strength prediction, and cost. More importantly, all four PS models performed better than the current Reserve Affairs model. We are unable to validate the NPS officer model. Since there are so few observations, the transition rates are suspect because they have a very high variance.
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Conley, Gary D. "Examining the Cover and Composition of the Successional Vegetation Mosaic of Pre-SMCRA Mined Landscapes in Southeast Ohio." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1357751096.
Holsinger, John Frederick. "The Impact of SMCRA on Select Soil Properties in Reclaimed Mine Sites Determined by Geochemical and Hydrological Analyses." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1406134738.
Leveroos, Maura K. "Economic Viability of Woody Bioenergy Cropping for Surface Mine Reclamation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50950.
Planting woody biomass for energy production can be used as a mine reclamation procedure to satisfy the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA) and provide renewable energy for the United States. This study examines the economic viability of bioenergy production on previously mined lands using multiple hardwood species and treatments. Five species were planted at two densities; one-half of the trees were fertilized in year two. Height and diameter of the trees were measured annually for five years; the first three years by cooperating researchers at Virginia Tech, the last two years specifically for this report. Current and predicted mass of the species, effects of planting density and fertilizer application, and the land expectation value (LEV) of each treatment were summarized. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine how changes in production costs, stumpage price, rotation length, and interest rate affect the economic feasibility of bioenergy production. Renewable energy and mine reclamation policies were investigated and it was determined that woody bioenergy can be planted as a mine reclamation procedure and may receive financial incentives. Production cost appears to have the largest impact on LEV and is often the difference between positive and negative returns for the landowner. The extra cost of fertilization and high density planting do not increase LEV; the unfertilized, low density treatments have the best LEV in all examined scenarios. In general, bioenergy was found to be economically viable as a mine reclamation procedure only in limited circumstances. In low cost, high price scenarios, bioenergy crops could have the potential to reforest both active and abandoned mine lands throughout southern Appalachia. Master of Science
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Prichard, Elizabeth Dulaney. "Sustainable Community Development in Boom and Bust Economies: A Comparative Case Analysis of Institutional Stakeholder Interaction in Four Appalachian Natural Resource Dependent Locales." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99286.
The purpose of this dissertation research is to examine how local context in four natural resource dependent Appalachian settings shape the formal Basic Engagement Plan (BEP). In 2002, the federal Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE) formed a partnership with AmeriCorps VISTA and local environmental improvement organizations to restore Appalachian locales suffering from pre-regulatory environmental damage. To stimulate diverse local institutional engagement, the partnership developed the BEP. It is a formal process of institutional interaction to initiate working relationships where none exist between participating organizations and public administrators, legislators, and nonprofit organizations. To explore the research question, I use a multiple-case study design and comparative analysis. Because the partners work to restore local environments through sustainable community development, the research is grounded in sustainable community development literature. I continue the trend that juxtaposes its considerations of environmental protection, economic development, and social justice with the interactional perspective of community, a sociological model of community grounded in social interaction. Sustainable community development literature is dominated by an authoritative intervention paradigm. The juxtaposed model at the heart of this research does not deny the important contributions of authoritative intervention. Rather, it complements this conventional arrangement by discussing the important role of horizontal institutions in the process. Key findings show local contexts are multi-faceted and dynamic. In this regard, the variation in impact of local contexts on the formal BEP process shows that a one-size-fits-all approach is problematic for sustainable community development in natural resource dependent settings. The dissertation concludes with a set of comparative findings across the four cases and discussion of four important ways in which the research contributes to theory and practice. PHD
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Erhardt, Bruce J. Jr. "Development of a Markov Model for Forecasting Continuation Rates for Enlisted Prior Service and Non-Prior Service Personnel in the Selective Marine Corps Reserve (SMCR)." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/6791.
The purpose of this thesis is to develop a Markov model to determine the continuation rates for Prior Service and Non-Prior Service enlisted population in the Selected Marine Corps Reserve (SMCR). Determining the end strength for these populations is necessary for reserve manpower planners to balance the force structure to minimize personnel overage or underages that impact training and labor costs, as well as career progression. The results of model validation indicate that models based on annual aggregate monthly transition rates fails the stationarity assumption required of Markov models. These results suggest that the attrition behaviors are seasonal for both enlisted populations leading to numerous states being non stationary in part due to their correlation with seasonality. We recommend developing and employing models with unique transition rates for each month.
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Pennington, Michael Sean. "Is the coal industry worth protecting? an examination of the effects of competing advocacy coalitions on implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) of 1977." Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85961.
Harold Lasswell (1936) defined politics as the exploration of "who gets what,
when, and how." As such, one of the central concerns of democratic governance is the
role that affected interests play not only in politics, but in the implementation of adopted
policies as well. In this dissertation, I use both comparative method case studies, as well
as pooled-time series statistical techniques, to examine the effects of political, economic
and market forces, and competition between the affected interests on implementation of
the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977. The findings of this, as well
as previous, research shows that state-level implementing agencies have some discretion
in enforcement activities; however, closer examination shows that this discretion is
rarely used. This lack of use of regulatory discretion by the state-level implementing
agencies suggests that in most states, there is either sufficient competition between the
affected interests to neutralize the excessive use of discretion in enforcement activity, or
that there is insufficient pressure placed on the implementing agencies by the affected
interests to warrant the use of discretion.
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Pollock, Matthew John. "Geomorphic Differences between Unmined and Surface Mined Lands in Southeastern Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429613137.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Mining and Natural Resources. Implementation of SMCRA: Oversight hearing before the Subcommittee on Mining and Natural Resources of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Second Congress, second session, on implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, hearing held in Washington, DC, February 20, 1992. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1992.
Gumbel, John D. An evaluation of the Selected Reserve Educational Assistance Program (SREAP) as it relates to the Selected Marine Corps Reserve (SMCR). 1987.
US GOVERNMENT. Implementation of SMCRA: Oversight hearing before the Subcommittee on Mining and Natural Resources of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, House ... held in Washington, DC, February 20, 1992. For sale by the U.S. G.P.O., Supt. of Docs., Congressional Sales Office, 1992.
Implementation of SMCRA: Oversight hearing before the Subcommittee on Mining and Natural Resources of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Second Congress, second session, on implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, hearing held in Washington, DC, February 20, 1992. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1992.
Allan, Daniel, and Gregory Brandman. "The SMCR Conduct Rules." In Eversheds Sutherland: The Employment Practitioner’s Guide to Financial Institutions: Key Aspects of the Regulatory Framework. Bloomsbury Professional, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781526504234.chapter-006.
McQuitty, Jake. "FCA Enforcement and the SMCR." In Eversheds Sutherland: The Employment Practitioner’s Guide to Financial Institutions: Key Aspects of the Regulatory Framework. Bloomsbury Professional, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781526504234.chapter-013.
Schladweiler, Brenda K. "40 Years of SMCRA: What have we learned in the state of Wyoming." In Land Reclamation in Ecological Fragile Areas, 13–16. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315166582-2.
Newman, Jane D., and Julia C. van Kessel. "Purification of the Vibrio Quorum-Sensing Transcription Factors LuxR, HapR, and SmcR." In Methods in Molecular Biology. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7651_2020_306.
Prasad, Bandi Vittal, B. Venugopal Rao, K. Narsaiah, G. Narsinga Rao, J. W. Chen, and D. Suresh Babu. "Synthesis and dielectric properties of Fe doped SmCrO[sub 3] semiconductor ceramics." In PROCEEDING OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT TRENDS IN APPLIED PHYSICS AND MATERIAL SCIENCE: RAM 2013. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4810417.
Song, Wei. "Analysis on Communication Strategies of Food Culture Based on SMCR Model." In 2023 5th International Conference on Applied Machine Learning (ICAML). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaml60083.2023.00040.
Li, Ziqi. "Analysis on ‘Role’ Transformation of English Teachers in Chinese Higher Vocational Colleges from Traditional Classroom to Flipped Classroom under SMCR Model." In 7th International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210519.064.
