Academic literature on the topic 'Smartphone’s Green Practice'
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Journal articles on the topic "Smartphone’s Green Practice"
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Al-Jumeily, Dhiya, Abir Hussain, and Steven Macilwee. "Investigation of Green Disposal of Smartphones." Advanced Materials Research 1051 (October 2014): 622–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1051.622.
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This paper aims to examine energy saving techniques in the operating systems of smartphones and to discuss the environmental threat created by the ever-growing problem of their disposal. A study of battery technology focuses upon the following varieties: Nickel Metal Hybrid, Lithium Ion and Lithium Polymer. Both environmental and user benefits of longer battery life are promoted. There follows a study of global responses to the e-waste crisis, highlighting different practices and legislation in the various countries and regions. The results of a questionnaire into the public’s disposal habits are analysed and conclusions drawn. The paper concludes with suggestions for improving the current state of smartphone disposal, focusing upon the responsibility of governments, manufacturers and individuals. Also emphasized is the need for continued scientific and technological research into solutions along with ongoing educational and public awareness campaigns.
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Tu, Jui-Che, Xiu-Yue Zhang, and Sin-Yi Huang. "Key Factors of Sustainability for Smartphones Based on Taiwanese Consumers’ Perceived Values." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (November 27, 2018): 4446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124446.
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The rapid growth of smartphones over recent decades has brought a large amount of e-waste as well as an increased carbon footprint. Facing severe environmental issues, sustainable development of smartphones has become a particularly important public concern. The main aim of this study was to clarify the key factor of sustainability for smartphones based on Taiwanese consumers’ perceived values. Apple’s iPhone was taken as an example. First, key factors of perception that smartphone consumers valued the most in terms of sustainable practice were extracted through a factor analysis. Second, demographic differences related to these key factors were investigated through t-test and one-way ANOVA analyses; demographic variables were gender, age, education level, occupation, and income level. The results were as follows: (1) the key factors were “recognition”, “brand advantage”, “service quality”, “usage period”, and “perceived price”; (2) there was a significant difference between genders on the key factors of perceived value (“recognition”, “brand advantage”, and “perceived price”). Specifically, females have higher perceived values of “recognition”, “brand advantage”, and “perceived price” than males; (3) there was a significant effect of income level on the key factor (“perceived price”) of perceived value. Specifically, respondents with an income level of NTD15,001–30,000 had a higher perceived value of “perceived price” than respondents earning NTD30,001–45,000. Among the five key factors, “recognition” and “brand advantage” are primary factors influencing purchase motivation; “recognition”, “brand advantage”, and “service quality” are primary factors that could influence brand loyalty; “perceived price” is the primary factor that affects purchase intention. This study contributes to the green market segmentation of smartphones. The limitations of the study relate to the size and distribution of the samples.
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Dhage, Prasad P. "SMARTPHONE APPLICATION FOR COMPUTING JOINT RANGE OF MOTION: A RELIABILITY TEST FOR ITS EFFICACY." Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences 10, no. 6 (November 15, 2021): 3947–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jmpas.v10i6.1360.
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"Goniometry" is derived from two Greek words: Gonia, which means "angle," and Metron, which means "measure." The focus of the research is to see if a smartphone-based goniometer application for knee flexion range of motion was reliable. The technology of smartphones is one of the most often used alternatives. A literature evaluation of 12 studies showed that smartphone applications are sufficiently trustworthy to be employed in research and clinical practice. As ROM angulation is widely employed in treatment policy decisions, new measures have to be thoroughly tested before use in clinical practice. The study design used was an observational study. The participants were recruited using a simple random sampling method. The total number of participants was 100 in the age group between 20-60. With Universal Goniometer and Goniometer records, three certified physiotherapists measured maximum active knee flexion in a supine position. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS (version: 20) and the Bland Altman Test was used. Results revealed that a significant correlation was found between the application Goniometer Records (r=0.9409) and Universal Goniometer (r= 0.8149) methods for the mean of 3 trials. The application Goniometer records mean and the universal goniometer means were found to differ significantly by the two-tailed paired t-test. The ICC and 95% confidence interval (CI) for Smartphone Goniometer was 0.9409 (95% CI, 0.9133-0.9599) and that for Universal Goniometer was 0.8149 (95% CI, 0.7363-0.871). It could be concluded that the Goniometer Records demonstrated acceptable test-retest reliability. The Goniometer Records exhibited high reliability.
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de Souza, Fernando L. A., Célia Gomes Amorim, Alberto da Nova Araújo, Dalibor Šatínský, Ana Paula Silveira Paim, and Maria Conceição B. S. M. Montenegro. "Malachite Green Optical Sensor Based on Electrospun Polyimide Nanofiber." Chemosensors 10, no. 9 (August 25, 2022): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10090348.
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Malachite green (MG) is a triphenylmethane cationic dye used in aquaculture practice, although it has been banned in several countries. The illegal use by fish producers, however, persists due to its effectiveness, and ready and cheap supply. To prevent indiscriminate applications, strict control measures with simple analytical approaches are therefore necessary. With this purpose, a novel, cheap and simple method applying electrospun polyimide nanofibers was developed and validated for MG control in water by color image analysis. For detection, a simple apparatus and ImageJ® software to treat images captured by common smartphones were used. A detection limit of 0.013 mg/L with a linear analytical response range within the concentration of 0.05 to 0.3 mg/ L of malachite green (MG) with a correlation coefficient of 0.997 and standard deviation (n = 9) varying from 1.01 to 3.92% was achieved with the proposed method. Accuracy was assessed by recovery assays in water samples and percentages of 96.6 to 102.0% were obtained. The method is robust and suitable for the rapid and reliable monitoring of MG in water.
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Guerrero, Paulina, Maja Steen Møller, Anton Stahl Olafsson, and Bernhard Snizek. "Revealing Cultural Ecosystem Services through Instagram Images: The Potential of Social Media Volunteered Geographic Information for Urban Green Infrastructure Planning and Governance." Urban Planning 1, no. 2 (June 6, 2016): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v1i2.609.
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With the prevalence of smartphones, new ways of engaging citizens and stakeholders in urban planning and governance are emerging. The technologies in smartphones allow citizens to act as sensors of their environment, producing and sharing rich spatial data useful for new types of collaborative governance set-ups. Data derived from Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) can support accessible, transparent, democratic, inclusive, and locally-based governance situations of interest to planners, citizens, politicians, and scientists. However, there are still uncertainties about how to actually conduct this in practice. This study explores how social media VGI can be used to document spatial tendencies regarding citizens’ uses and perceptions of urban nature with relevance for urban green space governance. Via the hashtag <em>#sharingcph</em>, created by the City of Copenhagen in 2014, VGI data consisting of geo-referenced images were collected from Instagram, categorised according to their content and analysed according to their spatial distribution patterns. The results show specific spatial distributions of the images and main hotspots. Many possibilities and much potential of using VGI for generating, sharing, visualising and communicating knowledge about citizens’ spatial uses and preferences exist, but as a tool to support scientific and democratic interaction, VGI data is challenged by practical, technical and ethical concerns. More research is needed in order to better understand the usefulness and application of this rich data source to governance.
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Li, Fuduo, Peng Yang, Kangjie Zhang, Yanshu Yin, Yingnan Zhang, and Changbin Yin. "The influence of smartphone use on conservation agricultural practice: Evidence from the extension of rice-green manure rotation system in China." Science of The Total Environment 813 (March 2022): 152555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152555.
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Gupta, Vipin K., R. S. Aulakh, and S. S. Tomar. "Novel Method for The Determination of Preservative (Formaldehyde) in Bovine Milk Through Smart Phone-Based Colorimetric Technology." INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 15, no. 02 (July 25, 2019): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21887/ijvsbt.15.2.8.
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The use of formaldehyde as a preservative is a very common practice to decrease the microbial load and to increase the shelf life of the milk. Its addition in food has immense adverse public health significance. The present study explored a simple, low-cost, rapid, reproducible, and field applicable Smartphone-based colorimetric technology, which was standardized and in-house validated for the quantitative determination of formaldehyde in milk samples. The method had simple steps of spot-test reaction and digital image analysis with the Red Green Blue approach. The linearity of the method was shown by analytical curves ranging from 0.25 ppm to 4 ppm that were characterized by R2 > 0.99. The limit of detection of 0.31 ppm demonstrated the sensitivity of the method to estimate formaldehyde residues in milk. Thus, we developed an innovative technology that uses an easily available device with potential of on-site quantification of formaldehyde in the supply chain. This technique is not only beneficial for end-users but also helps in achieving extension goals, which emphasize on the transfer of technology, i.e., moving out of the lab to the land.
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Tatham, Iona, Ellisiv Clarke, Kelly Ann Grieve, Pulkit Kaushal, Jan Smeddinck, Evelyn Barron Millar, and Aditya Narain Sharma. "Process and Outcome Evaluations of Smartphone Apps for Bipolar Disorder: Scoping Review." Journal of Medical Internet Research 24, no. 3 (March 23, 2022): e29114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/29114.
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Background Mental health apps (MHAs) provide opportunities for accessible, immediate, and innovative approaches to better understand and support the treatment of mental health disorders, especially those with a high burden, such as bipolar disorder (BD). Many MHAs have been developed, but few have had their effectiveness evaluated. Objective This systematic scoping review explores current process and outcome measures of MHAs for BD with the aim to provide a comprehensive overview of current research. This will identify the best practice for evaluating MHAs for BD and inform future studies. Methods A systematic literature search of the health science databases PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, EBSCO, Scopus, and Web of Science was undertaken up to January 2021 (with no start date) to narratively assess how studies had evaluated MHAs for BD. Results Of 4051 original search results, 12 articles were included. These 12 studies included 435 participants, and of these, 343 had BD type I or II. Moreover, 11 of the 12 studies provided the ages (mean 37 years) of the participants. One study did not report age data. The male to female ratio of the 343 participants was 137:206. The most widely employed validated outcome measure was the Young Mania Rating Scale, being used 8 times. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17/Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used thrice; the Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, and Functional Assessment Staging Test were used twice; and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations, EuroQoL 5-Dimension Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7, Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, Major Depression Index, Morisky-Green 8-item, Perceived Stress Scale, and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF were used once. Self-report measures were captured in 9 different studies, 6 of which used MONARCA. Mood and energy levels were the most commonly used self-report measures, being used 4 times each. Furthermore, 11 of the 12 studies discussed the various confounding factors and barriers to the use of MHAs for BD. Conclusions Reported low adherence rates, usability challenges, and privacy concerns act as barriers to the use of MHAs for BD. Moreover, as MHA evaluation is itself developing, guidance for clinicians in how to aid patient choices in mobile health needs to develop. These obstacles could be ameliorated by incorporating co-production and co-design using participatory patient approaches during the development and evaluation stages of MHAs for BD. Further, including qualitative aspects in trials that examine patient experience of both mental ill health and the MHA itself could result in a more patient-friendly fit-for-purpose MHA for BD.
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Salgadoe, Arachchige Surantha Ashan, Andrew James Robson, David William Lamb, and Elizabeth Kathryn Dann. "Assessment of Canopy Porosity in Avocado Trees as a Surrogate for Restricted Transpiration Emanating from Phytophthora Root Rot." Remote Sensing 11, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 2972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11242972.
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Phytophthora root rot (PRR) disease is a major threat in avocado orchards, causing extensive production loss and tree death if left unmanaged. Regular assessment of tree health is required to enable implementation of the best agronomic management practices. Visual canopy appraisal methods such as the scoring of defoliation are subjective and subject to human error and inconsistency. Quantifying canopy porosity using red, green and blue (RGB) colour imagery offers an objective alternative. However, canopy defoliation, and porosity is considered a ‘lag indicator’ of PRR disease, which, through root damage, incurs water stress. Restricted transpiration is considered a ‘lead indicator’, and this study sought to compare measured canopy porosity with the restricted transpiration resulting from PRR disease, as indicated by canopy temperature. Canopy porosity was calculated from RGB imagery acquired by a smartphone and the restricted transpiration was estimated using thermal imagery acquired by a FLIR B250 hand-held thermal camera. A sample of 85 randomly selected trees were used to obtain RGB imagery from the shaded side of the canopy and thermal imagery from both shaded and sunlit segments of the canopy; the latter were used to derive the differential values of mean canopy temperature (Δ Tmean), crop water stress index (Δ CWSI), and stomatal conductance index (Δ Ig). Canopy porosity was observed to be exponentially, inversely correlated with Δ CWSI and Δ Ig (R2 > 90%). The nature of the relationship also points to the use of canopy porosity at early stages of canopy decline, where defoliation has only just commenced and detection is often beyond the capability of subjective human assessment.
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B.M, Darshan, and Kalyani Suresh. "THE ‘SOCIAL’ IN POLITICAL COMMUNICATION: SOCIAL MEDIA ENABLED POLITICAL DISCOURSE, ENGAGEMENT AND MOBILIZATION IN INDIA." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 4 (September 5, 2019): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7425.
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Purpose of the study: The advent of digital media along with the recent boom of smartphones has changed the atlas of communication. The ubiquity of Social media has led to its increased use in all aspects of communication as against conventional media. Politics is not an exception. The role of social media in political discourses, engagement, and mobilization is widely realized and practiced and has become an important mode of political communication in India. In this paper, we explore the current academic corpus on political communication in the context of social media.
Methodology: The narrative literature review method proposed by Green, Johnson, and Adams (2006) was employed as the method for this article. Relevant peer-reviewed papers published during the period 2011-18 were considered for the narrative review. Appropriate papers were selected by a Google Scholar search using the keywords ‘Social media’, ‘India’ and ‘political communication.
Main Findings: The broad aim of the present paper was to explore the current academic literature in the field of social media and political communication. The narrative literature review undertaken indicates scant work with limited focus on the broader issues. Social media influence on voting behavior and political engagement was the well-explored domain, but the determinants and uniqueness of such communication have not been explored.
Applications of this study: The indications from the review showcase that the magnitude and essence of political communication have changed through the years. The spectrum of political communication through social media has a great role in political and civic engagement. This study will be useful to the researchers in the field of mass communication, journalism, and political science.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The conventional mainstream media and social media are increasingly showing a pattern of convergence and mutual exclusiveness. One of the critical findings from the review is that the gender domains of social media and political communication in India have not been given much attention and empirical evidence is scanty. Future research in the field of social media in India should focus on the gendered spheres of political communication.