Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Smart nanoparticles'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Smart nanoparticles.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Koen, Yolande. "Synthesis and investigation of smart nanoparticles." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5356.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The use of various ‘smart materials’ (briefly meaning materials that respond to a change in their environment) is currently of interest to both academics and industry. The primary aim of the current study was to entrap photochromic (PC) dyes in miniemulsions, as a means to improve their fatigue resistance, thus synthesizing smart nanoparticles. In the coatings industry the use of aqueous systems is becoming a common requirement for health and environmental reasons. Miniemulsion entrapment allows the direct dispersion of PC dyes into aqueous systems while allowing for the opportunity to tailor-make the host matrix in order to obtain a suitable PC response and improved fatigue resistance. The optimal instrument set-up required to establish the PC response of films of the so-called smart nanoparticles (i.e. PC miniemulsions) was determined. A UV-Vis instrument with a chip-type UV LED mounted inside for activation of the samples provided PC response results. A tungsten lamp with filter provided deactivation of the samples. A stable butyl methacrylate (BMA) miniemulsion formulation was established by conducting a design of experiments. A chromene and spironapthoxazine (SNO) PC dye were entrapped in the BMA miniemulsion. A hindered amine light stabiliser (HALS) was also entrapped with the SNO dye in the BMA miniemulsion to further improve the fatigue resistance. The following PC properties of the smart nanoparticles films were evaluated: colourability, thermal decay rate, half-life and fatigue resistance. To compare results with conventional systems, a BMA solution polymer was prepared. The SNO dye and different concentrations of the HALS were mixed with the BMA solution polymer. In comparison to the SNO smart nanoparticles the chromene smart nanoparticles films had lower colourability, but better fatigue resistance. Incorporating HALS at levels of 0.5–2% in the BMA miniemulsion with PC dye did not lead to any significant improvement in fatigue resistance, yet films of the BMA solution polymer showed some improvement. SNO dye incorporated at 1% gave similar colourability in both miniemulsion and in solution polymer, yet the fatigue resistance of the films of the PC miniemulsions was much better.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gebruik van verskeie “slim materiale’ (kortliks beskryf as materiale wat reageer op `n verandering in hul omgewing) is tans van belang vir beide akademici en die industrie. Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie was om miniemulsietegnologie te gebruik om fotochromiese (FC) kleurstowwe vas te vang, vir die sintese van slim nanopartikels, om sodoende die weerstand teen afgematheid te verbeter. In die verfindustrie word die gebruik van waterbasissisteme meer algemeen weens gesondheids- en omgewingsredes. Die gebruik van miniemulsie sisteme om materiale vas te vang maak dit moontlik om FC kleurstowwe direk in waterbasissisteme te meng. Die sintese van `n unieke gasheer matriks word benodig om die optimum FC verandering te toon en weerstand teen afgematheid te verbeter. Om die FC verandering van die sogenaamde slim nanopartikel films (d.w.s. FC miniemulsies) te ondersoek was `n gepaste instrumentele opstelling nodig. Dit is vasgestel dat `n UV-Vis instrument waarin `n skyfie-tipe UV LED gemonteer is vir aktivering van die monsters, reproduseerbare resultate gegee het. Die monsters is gedeaktiveer deur gebruik te maak van `n tungsten lig met ‘n filter. `n Eksperimentele ontwerp is toegepas om `n stabiele butielmetakrielaat (BMA) miniemulsie formulasie te verkry. `n ‘Chromene’ en ‘spironapthoxazine’ (SNO) FC kleurstof is in die BMA miniemulsie vasgevang tesame met `n verhinderde amien ligstabiliseerder (VALS) om die weerstand teen afgematheid verder te verbeter. Die volgende FC eienskappe van die slim nanopartikels is gemeet: kleurintensiteit, tempo van termiese verwering, half-lewe en weerstand teen afgematheid. `n BMA polimeeroplossing is berei om resultate mee te vergelyk. Die SNO kleurstof en verskillende konsentrasies van die VALS is met die BMA polimeeroplossing gemeng. In vergelyking met die slim SNO nanopartikels het die intelligente chromene nanopartikelfilms `n swakker kleurintensiteit gehad, maar `n hoër weerstand teen afgematheid. Die gebruik van 0.5–2% VALS in die BMA miniemulsie met FC kleurstof het minimale verbetering in weerstand teen afgematheid getoon, maar daar was wel `n beduidende verbetering in die geval van films met FC kleurstof in `n BMA polimeeroplossing. Byvoeging van 1% SNO kleurstof in `n BMA miniemulsie of polimeeroplossing het dieselfde kleurintensiteit gelewer, maar die weerstand teen afgematheid van die FC miniemulsie was baie beter.
Schumacher, Manuela. "Smart organic-inorganic nanohybrids of functionalized silsesquioxane nanoparticles." kostenfrei, 2008. http://opus.ub.uni-bayreuth.de/volltexte/2009/549/.
Metcalf, Daniel Gary. "Improving targeting of antibacterial photodynamic therapy using 'smart' nanoparticles." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403030.
Yang, Long [Verfasser]. "Design of smart responsive polymers and polymer nanoparticles / Long Yang." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223379388/34.
Krini, Redouane [Verfasser]. "Polymer functionalized nanoparticles and smart polymersomes for medical applications / Redouane Krini." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1132738237/34.
Upadhyaya, Lakshmeesha. "Self-assembled smart filtration membranes from block copolymers and inorganic nanoparticles." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT242/document.
This thesis presents a new approach to produce mix matrix membranes using block copolymers and inorganic nanoparticles having magnetic properties. The polymeric nanoparticle with different morphologies (linear, Spheres, worms, and vesicles), from poly (methacrylic acid)-b-(methyl methacrylate) diblock copolymer, were synthesized using Reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) in ethanol at 70 ֠C. The inorganic counterpart, iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared using different stabilizers at various temperatures to acquire the necessary surface charge and magnetic properties. The chemistry of the particles leads to form both hydrophobic membranes using non-solvent induced phase separation as well as a hydrophilic membrane by using the simple spin coating technique with the particles from polymerization induced self-assembly. By a detailed experimental study of the membrane filtration, the influence of different parameters on the process performance has been investigated with and without magnetic field. Finally, membrane fouling has been studied using protein solution. Also, the membrane performance was examined under magnetic field revealing the successful reduction in the fouling phenomenon making them new performant membranes in the area of membrane technology
Ballesteros, Camilo Arturo Suarez. "Smart nanomaterials based on the photoactivated release of silver nanoparticles for bacterial control." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-14092017-143257/.
Nanomateriais inteligentes podem responder seletivamente a um estímulo e consequentemente ser ativados em condições específicas, como resultado da sua interação com a radiação eletromagnética, mudança do pH, campo magnético, etc. Esses materiais podem ser produzidos através de distintas rotas e utilizados em aplicações como pele artificial, liberação de fármacos, e outras aplicações biomédicas. Nessa tese, dois nanossistemas inteligentes foram desenvolvidos, a saber: i) nanocápsulas formadas por anilina (A) e quitosana (CS) (A-CS) contendo nanopartículas de prata (AgNps), com um tamanho médio de 78 ± 19 nm, e ii) nanofibras de policaprolactona (PCL), fabricadas pela técnica de eletrofiação contendo AgNps em seu interior, com diâmetro de 417 ± 14 nm. Um terceiro sistema foi desenvolvido, baseado na incorporação das nanocápsulas na superfície das nanofibras de PCL contendo AgNps (manta antibacteriana). A metodologia utilizada evita o contato direto das nanopartículas de prata com o hospedeiro e otimiza sua liberação no meio ambiente. As AgNps liberadas foram acionadas pela exposição das nanocápsulas à um fonte de luz em 405 nm. Consequentemente, a vibração da energia eletrônica resultante da interação da irradiação com a banda plasmônica de superfície (SPR) das AgNps, quebra as ligações de hidrogênio da nanocápsula e libera as AgNps no meio em um tempo de 150 s. Para entender a perturbação das AgNps-nanocapsulas contra as bactérias, modelos de membrana foram usados através da técnica de Langmuir com os fosfolipídios 1,2-dipalmitoil-sn-glicero-3- fosfo-(1\'-rac-glicerol) (DPPG) and 1,2-dimiristoil-sn-glicero-3-fosfoetanolamina (DMPE), que são os principais componentes da membrana celular de Escherichia coli (E. coli). Os resultados sugerem que DPPG tem mais influência na incorporação das nanopartículas na membrana celular. As propriedades antibacterianas das mantas de nanofibras/nanomateriais contra E. coli e Staphylococus aureus (S. aureus) foram investigadas usando o teste de difusão Agar em 8 grupos, o qual revelou que o grupo contendo a nanofibra/nanocapsula e irradiação apresentou um raio de inibição de 2.58 ± 0.28 mm para S. aureus e 1.78 ± 0.49 mm para E. coli. Este nanossistema mostrou ser altamente interessante para aplicações biomédicas.
Greenhalgh, Kerriann R. "Development of biocompatible multi-drug conjugated nanoparticles/smart polymer films for biomedicinal applications." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002318.
Al-Shammaa, Zaid. "Targeting Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Using SMART Nanotechnology Approach." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1439310613.
San, Miguel Delgadillo Adriana. "Pickering emulsions as templates for smart colloidosomes." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45760.
Loison, Pierre. "Development of a smart coating based on hollow nanoparticles for corrosion detection and protection." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LAROS009.
In various domains, but especially in the space industry, protection of metallic structures against corrosion is a foremost objective because of maintenance and fixing costs in harsh environments. In order to preserve their integrity, a promising and original solution consists in detecting and slowing down corrosion as soon as it appears by developing a corrosion-sensitive and reactive coating. Recently, numerous studies have searched for the development of functional surfaces able to locally react to corrosion-related stimuli, belonging to the category of smart coatings. This PhD project, granted by ArianeGroup, is focused on this objective and deals with the development of nanocapsules containing corrosion inhibitors. These nanocapsules, formed through a miniemulsion process, are incorporated within an organic coating, applied on top of either steel of aluminum alloy substrates. The formed nanocapsules are then able to release their payload using a pH increase as a trigger. A pH change is indeed expected during cathodic activity, appearing at the early stages of the substrate degradation. This work describes the synthesis and characterization of nanocapsules, as well as their incorporation within an organic waterborne matrix. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic-core capsules have been investigated before focusing on oil-core silica nanocapsules with diameter ca. 180 nm. In the first part, the release of a model inhibitor, namely 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) has been investigated and the inhibiting properties demonstrated. Then, the impact of capsules addition on coating integrity and properties has been studied using mainly electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Potential enhancements of the proposed system are discussed. This system could be adapted and used for early detection of corrosion, using a corrosion sensor instead of the encapsulated inhibitor
MATEU, FERRANDO RUTH. "SYNTHESIS OF SMART GLYCOSIDES TO ENHANCE GLYCO-NANOMATERIALS CIRCULATION HALF-TIME." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2434/938313.
Sinha, Kaustav. "Particle engineering for the formulation of smart functional fluids : novel synthesis, processing and comparative analysis of magnetic nanoparticles and fluids /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2009. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3342619.
"December 2008." Includes bibliographical references. Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2009]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm. Online version available on the World Wide Web.
Tang, Jennifer L. "Creation of bifunctional particles with spatially segregated proteins." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47644.
RACCA, LUISA. "Study of a new ultrasound-based device in combination with smart nanoparticles for the treatment of cancer." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2827701.
Cuscó, Marigó Cristina. "Multisensitive polyurethane/polyurea nanocapsules for smart drug delivery." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/543852.
Aquesta Tesi es basa en el desenvolupament de metodologies potencialment escalables per la preparació de polímers de poliuretà/poliurea amb les característiques idònies per poder nanoencapsular molècules bioactives. La primera part del projecte es centra en el disseny, optimització i caracterització dels polímers, mentre que la resta de seccions mostren el procés i resultats de la nanoencapsulació. Les primeres reaccions de nanoencapsulació es van fer utilitzant molècules hidròfobes i les tècniques de caracterització van mostrar mides de partícula d’aproximadament 20 nm, morfologia gairebé esfèrica, alts rendiments d’encapsulació, degradació en condicions redox i amb càrrega superficial modulable segons el pH del medi. Aquesta última propietat es va considerar clau per aconseguir l’acumulació selectiva d’aquests nanosistemes en tumor. En els passos següents es va considerar l’aplicació d’aquesta metodologia en l’encapsulació d’altres tipus de molècules, com són les amfifíliques (tambjamines). En aquest cas, els procediments es van haver d’adaptar i van incloure l’ús d’agents hidrofobitzants per tal de millorar-ne l’encapsulació. Després de certes modificacions, els productes resultants van mostrar característiques molt similars respecte a les obtingudes amb fàrmacs hidrofòbics en quant a mida i característiques superficials. Les proves in vitro es van dur a terme en línies de càncer de pulmó i neuroblastoma i els assajos van confirmar que les nanocàpsules que contenien fàrmac eren citotòxiques i les que estaven buides no induïen cap efecte nociu. A més, altres estudis van demostrar que el mecanisme d’internalització era a través d’endosomes i que les nanocàpsules, una vegada dins la cèl·lula, co-localitzaven en lisosomes i altres orgànuls àcids. També es va observar que les nanocàpsules penetraven les cèl·lules ràpidament i que després de tractaments llargs (48 h) no hi havia saturació. Finalment, estudis de biodistribució van revelar que els nanosistemes amfòters tenien una millor acumulació a tumor comparat amb nanocàpsules funcionalitzades amb un anticòs, però que el fetge i la melsa també contenien alt contingut d’aquests nanosistemes. Es va concloure que una possible explicació era l’administració d’una dosi massa elevada de nanocàpsules, tenint en compte que la mida i pes dels tumors era molt petita. En l’últim capítol es va explorar la funcionalització de les nanocàpsules amb pèptids direccionadors (A5 i IPEP) a cèl·lules tumorals de càncer de mama. Es van sintetitzar diverses molècules espaiadores per tal de conjugar els pèptids a les nanocàpsules i es van repetir les tècniques de caracterització biofísica i biològica. Aquestes van mostrar que les nanocàpsules tenien una mida de uns 20 nm, càrrega superficial d’acord amb les característiques del pèptid i que IPEP millorava la internalització de les nanocàpsules, però només a temps curts, ja que a incubacions més prolongades les nanocàpsules amfòteres tenien també una molt bona entrada a les cèl·lules estudiades.
Rocas, Alonso Pau. "Multifunctional self-stratified polyurethane-polyurea nanosystems for smart drug delivery." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396322.
Esta tesis, titulada "Multifunctional Self-stratified Polyurethane-polyurea Nanosystems for Smart Drug Delivery" está estructurada como un compendio de cuatro publicaciones en revistas internacionales sobre la química y bio-aplicabilidad de nuestra técnica organizadas alrededor de una patente sintética y metodológica de la invención. El capítulo 1 se centra en la metodología sintética para producir un nuevo tipo de nanopartículas multifuncionales autoestratificadas de Poliuretano-poliurea para la terapia del cáncer. Este capítulo contiene una patente metodológica que analiza múltiples ejemplos de nanopartículas versátiles de Poliuretano-poliurea biocompatibles y biodegradables para el tratamiento del cáncer. Además, aquí se incluye una publicación que contiene la demostración de la estratificación de las nanopartículas, la alta estabilidad de encapsulación y la internalización selectiva in vitro de las nanopartículas en células cancerosas U87-MG. Por último, este capítulo también contiene una publicación con la prueba de concepto in vivo de la menor toxicidad, mejor biodistribución y farmacocinética en plasma sanguíneo de las nanopartículas de Poliuretano-poliurea encapsulando plitidepsina como fármaco antiangiogénico comparado con el fármaco libre. El capítulo 2 surge de los buenos resultados obtenidos del capítulo 1 en nuevos métodos de síntesis de nanopartículas poliméricas con capacidad de autoestratificación. Aquí se investigan nanobiomateriales de nueva generación recubiertos de nanopartículas de poliuretano y poliurea para mejorar la osteointegración y prevenir la infección bacteriana de implantes de titanio. Así pues, implantes de titanio fueron recubiertos superficialmente con PUUa NPs con péptido RGD en la membrana y cargadas de roxitromicina en su interior. Esta metodología dio lugar a una mejora excepcional en la adhesión de células osteoblásticas así como una reducción dramática de la adhesión bacterias S. Sanguinis en titanio, que resulta de gran interés para mejorar la vida útil de los implantes metálicos para medicina regenerativa. En el capítulo 3, exploramos otro segmento de aplicación de las nanopartículas de poliuretano y poliurea, esta es la inmunoterapia. Se aplicaron nanopartículas cargadas con el corticosteroide budesonida para su mejora como fármaco inmunosupresor para la terapia con células dendríticas. Aqui demostramos que la budesonida encapsulada es mucho más efectiva que la libre en células dendríticas humanas.
Kana, Jean Bosco Kana. "Towards stimuli-responsive functional nanocomposites : smart tunable plasmonic nanostructures Au-VO2." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8032_1299494958.
The fascinating optical properties of metallic nanostructures, dominated by collective oscillations of free electrons known as plasmons, open new opportunities for the development of devices fabrication based on noble metal nanoparticle composite materials. This thesis demonstrates a low-cost and versatile technique to produce stimuli-responsive ultrafast plasmonic nanostructures with reversible tunable optical properties. Albeit challenging, further control using thermal external stimuli to tune the local environment of gold nanoparticles embedded in VO2 host matrix would be ideal for the design of responsive functional nanocomposites. We prepared Au-VO2 nanocomposite thin films by the inverted cylindrical reactive magnetron sputtering (ICMS) known as hollow cathode magnetron sputtering for the first time and report the reversible tuning of surface plasmon resonance of Au nanoparticles by only adjusting the external temperature stimuli. The structural, morphological, interfacial analysis and optical properties of the optimized nanostructures have been studied. ICMS has been attracting much attention for its enclosed geometry and its ability to deposit on large area, uniform coating of smart nanocomposites at high deposition rate. Before achieving the aforementioned goals, a systematic study and optimization process of VO2 host matrix has been done by studying the influence of deposition parameters on the structural, morphological and optical switching properties of VO2 thin films. A reversible thermal tunability of the optical/dielectric constants of VO2 thin films by spectroscopic ellipsometry has been intensively also studied in order to bring more insights about the shift of the plasmon of gold nanoparticles imbedded in VO2 host matrix.
Mastrotto, Francesca. "SVILUPPO DI SISTEMI NANOPARTICELLARI D'ORO PER IL DIREZIONAMENTO MULTI-MODALE AL TUMORE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422856.
Il presente progetto di ricerca ha riguardato lo sviluppo di un nano-sistema intelligente, capace di rispondere selettivamente a stimoli esterni di tipo fisiopatologico con alterazioni morfologiche. Tali sistemi sono stati disegnati per un impiego in diagnostica o nella terapia antitumorale. La responsività di questi sistemi ha lo scopo di migliorare l’ efficienza del direzionamento selettivo e di ridurre la distribuzione aspecifica nei tessuti sani. Sistemi intelligenti sono stati ottenuti a partire da nanoparticelle d’ oro (AuNPs), a cui sono stati associati polimeri responsivi, che conferiscono loro caratteristiche stealth in condizioni fisiologiche in seguito ad iniezione nel torrente circolatorio. E’ noto che l’ interstizio tumorale è aratterizzato da valori di pH e temperatura alterati rispetto al tessuto sano. Di conseguenza, quando il nano-sistema raggiunge il tumore, il rivestimento polimerico può² subire modifiche morfologiche che modulano le proprietà delle nanoparticelle. Questo promuoverà la loro interazione con le superfici biologiche, quali cellule e tessuti. Nel progetto qui discusso, sono state valutate diverse strategie di funzionalizzazione di AuNPs, allo scopo di sviluppare nano-carriers caratterizzati da un direzionamento multi-modale al tumore. Nanoparticelle d’ oro sono state derivatizzate superficialmente con agenti di direzionamento e polimeri termosensibili o pH sensibili, affinchè il riconoscimento selettivo del tessuto tumorale da parte dei nano-carriers sia controllato dalle condizioni di temperatura o di pH circostanti. In condizioni fisiologiche i polimeri presenti sulla superficie delle AuNPs schermano l’ agente di targeting, mentre nel tessuto tumorale grazie alla temperatura o pH alterati, essi collassano determinando l’ esposizione del direzionante e promuovendo l’ endocitosi cellulare. Come conseguenza, il direzionamento multi-modale diminuirà il bio-riconoscimento aspecifico a favore invece della sito-specificità. Le nanoparticelle d’ oro utilizzate in questo progetto sono state prodotte mediante laser ablation in soluzione acquosa, senza utilizzo di sostanze surfattanti e stabilizzanti. Attraverso questo processo controllato e riproducibile si sono ottenute dispersioni di particelle diluite, con diametro medio di 18 nm. Per la funzionalizzazione superficiale di nanoparticelle d’ oro i materiali utilizzati sono stati tiolati, nota l’ elevata capacità di coniugazione di gruppi sulfidrilici su superfici d’ oro metallico. Il primo sistema sviluppato in questo progetto di tesi ha riguardo l’ impiego di nanoparticelle d’ oro in grado di rispondere a stimoli termici. AuNPs sono state modificate superficialmente con biotina-SH e con un polimero termosensibile di 8 kDa, N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide-SH (pNIPAm-co-Am-SH), caratterizzato da una low critical solution temperature (LCST) di 37 °C. Il sistema ottenuto è stato testato mediante saggio enzimatico di tipo ELISA per valutarne la capacità di binding selettivo ad avidina, scelta come modello, in funzione della temperatura. I risultati hanno mostrato che il comportamento del sistema è controllato dalla temperatura, in quanto le nanoparticelle sono in grado di legare l’ avidina solo quando la temperatura è superiore all’ LCST del polimero, ovvero quando il polimero stesso collassa. Lo studio ha inoltre evidenziato che la quantità assoluta di biotina e i rapporti molari biotina/polimero sulla superficie delle nanoparticelle condizionano in modo rilevante le performance del sistema Sulla base delle ottimizzazioni realizzate con le nanoparticelle direzionate con biotina, il sistema è stato modificato superficialmente con acido folico e lo stesso polimero termosensibile (pNIPAm-co-Am-SH), allo scopo di ottenere un direzionamento verso cellule tumorali sovraesprimenti il recettore per il folato (HiFR). Gli studi di stabilità in PBS hanno mostrato come il polimero termosensibile sia indispensabile per impedire l’ aggregazione delle particelle in presenza di sali. A temperatura inferiore all’ LCST del polimero le nanoparticelle sono stabili, ed aggregano solo marginalmente a temperatura superiore. AuNPs termosensibili e funzionalizzate con acido folico sono state testate in vitro su due diverse linee celluari, sovraesprimenti e non il recettore per l’ acido folico. Gli studi hanno mostrato che solo le particelle termosensibili modificate con acido folico e incubate con linee cellulari HiFR, a temperatura superiore all’ LCST del polimero, vengono internalizzate dalle cellule e si distribuiscono nel citosol. Il concetto di targeting multi-modale è stato successivamente ampliato per lo sviluppo di nanoparticelle d’ oro pH-sensibili, utilizzando polimeri in grado di rispondere con cambiamenti morfologici ad alterazioni del pH ambientale. Idealmente, polimeri acido sensibili adeguati allo scopo devono essere solubili ed in conformazione estesa a pH 7.4, ma subire una conversione allo stato globulare insolubile in seguito a protonazione nell’ ambiente acido tumorale. Per raggiungere questo obiettivo sono stati sintetizzati diversi polimeri pH-sensibili, in modo tale da disporre di una gamma di materiali caratterizzati da valori di pKa e cloud point adeguati allo scopo, tra cui poter selezionare il più¹ adatto per la funzionalizzazione superficiale di nanoparticelle d’ oro. I materali sono stati disegnati per conferire alle AuNPs proprietà di acido-sensibilità nel range fisiopatologico. E’ stato selezionato e sintetizzato un monomero acido-sensibile, 2-(metacriloilossi)etil 3-cloro-4-idrossibenzoato (MOECHB), a partire dal quale sono stati poi prodotti polimeri pH responsivi. La metodica adottata per la reazione di polimerizzazione fa parte delle cosiddette tecniche di polimerizzazioni viventi, ovvero la reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT). Sono stati sintetizzati un omopolimero e diversi copolimeri sia random che a blocchi utilizzando MOECHB e monomeri idrofilici, nello specifico metossi(polietilenglicole metacrilato) (mPEGMA475), e glicerolo metacrilato (GMA). Tutti i polimeri ottenuti sono stati caratterizzati mediante titolazione potenziometrica per determinarne il pKa, e sottoposti ad analisi turbidimetrica per misurare il punto di intorbidimento (cloud point). Il loro comportamento pH-dipendente è stato inoltre investigato mediante analisi di dynamic light scattering (DLS) effettuate a diversi valori di pH. Sono stati selezionati un copolimero random e due copolimeri a blocchi, composti da MOECHB e GMA, per ulteriori studi di funzionalizzazione di nanoparticelle d’ oro. Infatti questi materiali hanno mostrato una conversione da una forma solubile ad una aggregata insolubile per diminuzione del pH della soluzione da 7.4 a 6.5, che mima le condizioni fisiopatologiche. Un ulteriore copolimero a blocchi di MOECHB con mPEGMA475 sarà valutato, in quanto nelle medesime condizioni ha mostrato modifiche morfologiche, sebbene non si sia osservata la formazione di prodotti insolubili. I risultati delle analisi hanno evidenziato infine che la responsività al pH è modulata dal rapporto molare 2-(metacriloilossi)etil 3-cloro-4-idrossibenzoato/monomero idrofilico nella composizione polimerica, così come dal peso molecolare del polimero.
Simpson, Brian Keith Jr. "Strain engineering as a method for manufacturing micro- and; nano- scale responsive particles." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34728.
Christau, Stephanie M. E. [Verfasser], Klitzing Regine [Akademischer Betreuer] von, Jan [Akademischer Betreuer] Genzer, and Erica [Akademischer Betreuer] Wanless. "Smart hybrid materials with tailored functions : incorporation of gold nanoparticles into stimuli-responsive polymer brushes / Stephanie M. E. Christau. Gutachter: Regine von Klitzing ; Jan Genzer ; Erica Wanless. Betreuer: Regine von Klitzing." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1074912438/34.
Llopis, Lorente Antoni. "Enzyme-functionalized hybrid mesoporous nanodevices for sensing, controlled release and molecular communication." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/117612.
[CAT] La present tesi doctoral titulada "Nanodispositius mesoporosos híbrids funcionalitzats amb enzims per a detecció, alliberació controlada i comunicació molecular" es centra en el disseny, preparació, caracterització i avaluació de distints nanodispositius híbrids orgànic-inorgànics utilitzant com a suport nanopartícules tipus Janus d'or i sílice mesoporosa, que s'equipen amb enzims, espècies fluorescents i portes moleculars. Com a conclusió general, els estudis realitzats mostren que la incorporació d'enzims sobre nanopartícules permeten introduir funcions de reconeixement amb alta especificitat i dissenyar nanodispositius avançats per a distintes finalitats. La combinació de nanopartícules híbrides amb grups orgànics com portes moleculars, efectors enzimàtics i espècies cromo-fluorogèniques o fàrmacs pot resultar molt versàtil; i s'espera que els resultats obsessos inspiren el desenvolupament de nous materials intel·ligents amb aplicació en distintes àrees com la nanomedicina i la detecció de molècules d'interés.
[EN] This PhD thesis entitled "Enzyme-functionalized hybrid mesoporous nanodevices for sensing, controlled release and molecular communication" is focused on the design, synthesis, characterization and evaluation of several hybrid organic-inorganic nanodevices using Janus gold-mesoporous silica nanoparticles as scaffolds, equipped with enzymes, fluorescent species and molecular gates. In conclusion, these studies show that the incorporation of enzymes on nanoparticles allows to introduce recognition capabilities with high specificity and to design advanced nanodevices for different purposes. The combination of hybrid nanoparticles with organic groups such as molecular gates, enzymatic effectors and chromo-fluorogenic species or drugs can be very versatile; and we hope that the obtained results inspire the development of new smart materials with application in different areas such as nanomedice and sensing.
Llopis Lorente, A. (2019). Enzyme-functionalized hybrid mesoporous nanodevices for sensing, controlled release and molecular communication [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/117612
TESIS
MATTU, CLARA. "SMART POLYMERIC DRUG NANOCARRIERS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2501970.
Soliman, Soliman Mehawed Abdellatif. "From photosensitive glycopolymers to smart drug delivery systems." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0147/document.
Photosensitive grafted and diblock amphiphilic glycopolymers based on hydrophobic photosensitive poly(o-nitrobenzyl acrylate) (PNBA) and hydrophilic dextran were successfully prepared via grafting onto techniques through a Huisgen-type Copper(I) catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC click chemistry). Firstly, recent developments in the single-electron transfer–living radical polymerization (SET–LRP) provided us an access to control the o-nitrobenzyl acrylate polymerization and we obtained PNBA with bromide end function. Then, this bromide end function was replaced by azido (N3) group. In a parallel way, we modified dextran by introducing several alkyne groups all long the polysaccharide chain (alkynated dextran) or only one group at the reducing end-chain (α-alkyne dextran). In the second step, alkynated dextran and α-alkyne dextran were reacted with PNBA-N3 by CuAAC to obtain grafted or diblock glycopolymers. All glycopolymers were characterized by Size Exclusion Chromatography, 1H, 13C, 2D DOSY 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. Secondly, conditions to formulate nanoparticles from the previous glycopolymers were optimized. In some case, we also carried out an emulsion/evaporation process using dextran alkynated and PNBA-N3 to produce nanoparticles. Then, stability of nanoparticles were studied over rang of ionic strengths as well as stability in presence of a competitive surfactant. Finally, the effect of light on these photosensitive nanoparticles was studied using UV-lamp. More precisely, we loaded these nanoparticules by Nile Red fluorescent dye and followed thier destruction by using fluorescence spectroscopy and Dynamic Light Scattering
Villa, Marco. "Smart and highly phosphorescent asterisks for (bio)sensors, antennae and molecular imaging." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0540.
This thesis focuses on sulfurated luminescent materials, including phosphorescent persulfurated molecular asterisks, based on hexakis(p-tolylthio) benzene (HTTB), and a thiospherulene (a sulfurated molecular ball). Non-emissive in solution, HTTB is one of the most powerful phosphorescent emitters in the solid state, from an aggregation-induced emission (AIE). One of the objectives is to synthesize some asterisk derivatives bearing carboxylic acids at their periphery to increase their aqueous solubility, and to take advantage of the selective coordination of Pb (II) and Cd (II) ions in order to form luminescent rigid supramolecular edifices and intelligent sensors. These functions allow to anchor the asterisks inside some silica nanoparticles (NPs) to activate phosphorescence. These new NPs, whose emission is sensitive to oxygen, are dyes for in vivo imaging by two-photon excitation microscopy
Voormann, Hauke [Verfasser]. "Smart dispersion of carbon nanoparticle epoxy composites: from nano to application / Hauke Voormann." Hamburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/123281296X/34.
Besold, Daniel. "Kinetics and mechanism of model reactions in thermoresponsive nanoreactors." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22367.
Two model reactions were investigated with thermoresponsive core-shell nanoreactors, the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and of potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), both reduced with sodium borohydride. The nanoreactors comprise of a polystyrene core surrounded by a hydrogel shell of poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) crosslinked with N,N’-methylenebisacrylamide. Metal nanoparticles are immobilized inside the hydrogel shell on the surface of which the model reactions are catalyzed. In the reduction of 4-nitrophenol, special emphasis is laid on the reduction on gold and silver catalysts. A literature review of mechanistic as well as kinetic studies reveals that the rate determining step may differ between the two catalyst metals. Kinetic investigations with a silver catalyst reveal that the kinetic model derived previously for gold catalysts needs to be modified for the kinetic analysis in this study, confirming a difference in the kinetics for both catalyst metals. The temperature dependent analysis reveals the typical non-Arrhenius dependency of the reaction rate and shows that the partition ratio of the reactants is relevant for the kinetics. The reduction of potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) on gold reveals that electrostatic effects play a major role in this reaction. A new kinetic model is derived, accounting the relevant influence factors of the hydrogel, the nanoreactor geometry, diffusional and electrostatic effects. With a stationary state approach the experimental data are fitted successfully, revealing the complex interplay of electrostatic effects, the screening thereof and the influence on diffusion and reaction rate. With only a few physically meaningful fit parameters all observed effects can be explained successfully. The comparison of the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) highlights the decisive factors in both, reaction and diffusion controlled reactions inside thermoresponsive hydrogels.
Diab, Amer El Hajj. "Nouvelles méthodes pseudo-MOSFET pour la caractérisation des substrats SOI avancés." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT060/document.
Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) device architectures represent attractive alternatives to bulk ones thanks to the improvement of transistors and circuits performances. In this context, the SOI starting material should be of prime quality.In this thesis, we develop novel electrical characterization tools and models for advanced SOI substrates. The classical pseudo-MOSFET (-MOSFET) characterization for SOI was revisited and extended to low temperatures. Enriched variants of -MOSFET, proposed and demonstrated on numerous geometries, concern split C-V and low-frequency noise measurements. Based on split C-V, an extraction method for the effective mobility was validated. A model explaining the capacitance variations with the frequency shows good agreement with the experimental results. The -MOSFET was also extended to highly doped SOI films and a model for parameter extraction was derived. Furthermore, we proved the possibility to characterize SiGe nanowire 3D stacks using the -MOSFET concept. Finally thin film -MOSFET proved to be an interesting, technology-light detector for gold nanoparticles
Villa, Marco. "Smart and highly phosphorescent asterisks for (bio)sensors, antennae and molecular imaging." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0540.
This thesis focuses on sulfurated luminescent materials, including phosphorescent persulfurated molecular asterisks, based on hexakis(p-tolylthio) benzene (HTTB), and a thiospherulene (a sulfurated molecular ball). Non-emissive in solution, HTTB is one of the most powerful phosphorescent emitters in the solid state, from an aggregation-induced emission (AIE). One of the objectives is to synthesize some asterisk derivatives bearing carboxylic acids at their periphery to increase their aqueous solubility, and to take advantage of the selective coordination of Pb (II) and Cd (II) ions in order to form luminescent rigid supramolecular edifices and intelligent sensors. These functions allow to anchor the asterisks inside some silica nanoparticles (NPs) to activate phosphorescence. These new NPs, whose emission is sensitive to oxygen, are dyes for in vivo imaging by two-photon excitation microscopy
Balmori, Pastor Alba. "Harnessing the interaction nanoparticle-protein for the design of smart carriers for drug delivery." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667848.
Las NP han surgido como prometedores sistemas de administración de fármacos por sus posibles aplicaciones terapéuticas. El procedimiento común para este propósito es disolver, encapsular y, finalmente, adsorber o adherir un medicamento a la superficie de la NP, evitando el daño no deseado a las células y órganos sanos. De la misma manera, las MSN recientemente han atraído mucha atención en el campo de la nanomedicina debido a sus características singulares. Sin embargo, la eficacia terapéutica de las nanopartículas de sílice mesoporosas (MSN) cuando se utilizan como sistemas de administración de fármacos a menudo se ven comprometidas por la liberación previa del fármaco cargado durante la circulación sanguínea y la falta de capacidad para llegar al destino deseado. Teniendo en cuenta estos dos problemas, proponemos en esta Tesis doctoral la utilización de la “protein corona” para evitar esta liberación prematura siendo ésta encajada en el poro. Para lograr esto, se han construido HSA-NP cargadas con un fármaco antitumoral para la dirección selectiva al hígado utilizando MSN. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es el desarrollo de un complejo de nanopartículas y proteínas, capaz de un suministrar eficientemente un fármaco terapéutico. Este complejo debe evitar simultáneamente la liberación prematura y ser capaz de atacar al hígado por efecto de la PC. Para alcanzar esto, en primer lugar, se ha optimizado la síntesis de MSN, con el fin de obtener MSN reproducibles y con propiedades definidas. Luego, la caracterización correspondiente de sus rasgos fisicoquímicos mostró que, mediante el diseño de un DOE, es posible dilucidar qué parámetros tienen una mayor influencia en la síntesis de MSN. Además, en el presente trabajo se ha demostrado que es posible una determinación cualitativa y cuantitativa de la “protein corona” mediante un uso innovador de equipos analíticos; el nanoDSC y el ITC. Esto permite profundizar en el conocimiento y control de la PC. También se ha evaluado el efecto de la PC en el perfil de liberación de un fármaco antitumoral. Finalmente, se ha demostrado que la “protein corona” proporciona una liberación más sostenida del fármaco a una línea celular de tumor hepático, sin afectar la viabilidad celular. En conclusión, los resultados han demostrado que la relación entre el tamaño de poro y el tamaño de la proteína en los sistemas HSA-MSN determina la aplicación del sistema. En este trabajo se ha propuesto que, mediante la ingeniería de la PC, según la relación de tamaño entre el poro y la proteína se pueden usar las mismas proteínas que forman la “protein corona” para bloquear la salida prematura del fármaco mientras se dirige al órgano deseado.
NPs have gained promise for its potential therapeutic applications as drug delivery systems. The common procedure for this purpose is dissolving, encapsulating, and finally adsorbing or adhering a drug on the NPs surface, avoiding the undesired damage to healthy cells and organs. In the same way, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) have recently attracted a lot of attention in the nanomedicine field due to their singular characteristics. However, the therapeutic efficiency of MSNs when used as drug delivery systems is often compromised by the pre-release of loaded drug molecules during the blood circulation and the lack of ability to do targeting. Considering these two problems, we propose in this doctoral Thesis the utilization of the widely known protein corona to avoid this premature release by fitting it into the pore. To achieve this, Human Serum Albumin-NP loaded with an antitumor drug for selective liver targeting MSN has been constructed. The main objective of this work is the development of a nanoparticle-protein complex capable of an efficient delivery of a therapeutic drug. This complex should simultaneously avoid premature release and be able to do liver targeting both by effect of the PC. To reach this, first of all the synthesis of MSNs has been optimized, in order to obtain MSNs reproducible and with defined properties. Then, the corresponding characterization of their physicochemical traits showed that through the design of a DOE it is possible to elucidate which parameters have a higher influence on MSN synthesis. Furthermore, it has been here demonstrated that a qualitative and quantitative determination of the protein corona through an innovative use of analytical equipment is possible, the nanoDSC and ITC. This allows the deepening in the PC knowledge and control. It has also been assessed the effect of the protein corona in the release profile of an anti-tumor drug. Finally, the protein corona has been shown to provide a more sustained release of the drug to a liver tumor cell line, without affecting cell viability. In conclusion, results have shown that the relationship between the pore size and the protein size in HSA-MSN systems determine the system’s application. In this work it has been proposed the PC engineering according to the size ratio between the pore and the protein to use the same proteins that form the protein corona as gatekeepers while targeting the desired organ.
Hamdi, Khalil. "Fonctionnalisation de matériaux composites à renfort carbone et matrice thermoplastique par adjonction de nanocharges : élaboration et étude du comportement." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2388/document.
To extend the use of composites in more varied application (smart applications, multifunctional issues), one of the actual barrier is their poor electrical and thermal conductivities. In the case of carbon fiber reinforced composites, organic matrix are in charge of the insulating properties of the resulting composite. One of the solutions to enhance conductivities of materials is the use of conductive nanofillers. Improving the electrical and thermal properties of nanofilled polymers has been investigated in several studies. However, studiing the properties of continuous carbon fiber nano-filled composites is less approached. This work tends to fabricate and characterize carbon black and carbon nanotubes nano-filled composites. First of all, special interest was given to the delicate phase of manufacturing. As mentioned before, processing continuous fiber reinforced nanofilled polymers implies issues related to nanofillers agglomeration and inhomogeneous dispersion in the final composite. To resolve these problems, the choice of the thermoplastic (Polyamide6) matrix seemed preferable. In fact, the dispersion of nanofillers was made by twin screw extrusion which is known as one of the most effective agglomeration separation ways. Adding to this, the fabrication method based on Polyamide 6 shects called film stacking, ensure a homogeneous partition at the beginning of the process. SEM observations were performed to localize the nano-particles. It showed that particles penetrated on the fiber zone. In fact, by reaching the fiber zone, the nano-fillers created network connectivity between fibers which means an easy pathway for the current. It explains the noticed improvement of the electrical conductivity of the composites by adding carbon black and carbon nanotube. This test was performed with the 4 points electrical circuit. It shows that electrical conductivity of 'neat' matrix composite passed from 20S/cm to 80S/cm by adding 8wt% of carbon black and to 15S/cm by adding 18wt% of the same nano-filler. For carbon nanotubes, with '2.5wt% the conductivity was around 150S/cm. For the thermal properties, tests based on Joule's effect were performed. The rise of temperature was recorded using IR camera. Results obtained are in agreement with the electrical conductivity ones, showing enhancement of the thermal behavior in presence of nanofillers. Thanks to these results, the use of these composites as a damage-monitoring tool was possible. By the way, the electrical resistance change method was performed. Nanofilled materials showed better sensitivity to damage. Results were compared with classical damage monitoring tools. At the end, several 'smart' applications were tested such as graded functionalities composite and stitched nanofilled materials
Tyrrell, Christina Holly. "A Lateral Flow Smart Phone Image Analysis Diagnostic." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1083.
Fasahat, F., R. Dastjerdi, and M. R. M. Mojtahedi. "Thermophysiological Comfort by PA6/TiO2 Nanocomposite Yarns." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35603.
de, Luis Fernández Beatriz. "Development of enzyme-functionalized hybrid mesoporous nanodevices for advanced chemical communication." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/171506.
[ES] La presente tesis doctoral se centra en el diseño, síntesis y caracterización de varios nanodispositivos híbridos orgánico-inorgánicos, utilizando como soporte nanopartículas de sílice mesoporosa equipadas con enzimas y puertas moleculares, los cuales muestran capacidades comunicativas además de la evaluación de diferentes estrategias de comunicación. El primer capítulo incluye un resumen de diferentes conceptos sobre los que se fundamentan los estudios realizados tales como nanotecnología, materiales de sílice mesoporosa, materiales con puertas moleculares que reaccionan a estímulos específicos, partículas Janus y biocomputación. Finalmente, se incluyen conceptos básicos acerca de la comunicación química, materiales y estrategias empleados hasta ahora y ejemplos representativos. A continuación, en el segundo capítulo, se presentan los objetivos generales de esta tesis doctoral que son abordados en los siguientes capítulos experimentales. El tercer capítulo muestra un sistema de biocomputación para liberación basado en nanopartículas Janus de oro-sílice mesoporosa capaces de comunicarse con el entorno procesando la información e imitando la función lógica booleana propia de un demultiplexer y que resulta en la liberación controlada de la carga. Se muestra que dicho nanodispositivo puede llevar a cabo sus funciones en medios complejos como en células cancerígenas. En el cuarto capítulo, se presenta un modelo circular de comunicación dentro de una red de tres nanopartículas diferentes basado en el intercambio jerárquicamente programado de mensajes químicos. La parte mesoporosa del nanodispositivo 1 (S1βgal) es cargada con la especie fluorescente [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 y tapada con cadenas de oligo(etilenglicol) que contienen puentes disulfuro y que funcionan como puertas moleculares, mientras que la enzima β-galactosidasa es unida a la parte del oro. En la nanopartícula 2 (S2galox), la enzima galactosa oxidasa es inmovilizada en la cara del oro mientras que la sílice mesoporosa es cargada con 4-(bromometil)benzoato de metilo y los poros tapados con un derivado de arilboronato autoinmolante sensible a H2O2 que forma un complejo huéspedanfitrión con β-ciclodextrina. Finalmente, el nanodispositivo 3 (S3est) es funcionalizado con la enzima esterasa en la parte del oro, cargada con la especie reductora hidroclururo de tris(2-carboxietil)fosfina (TCEP) en la parte mesoporosa y tapada con una nanoválvula supramolecular que responde a pH (βciclodextrina:benzimidazol). En el quinto capítulo, se muestra un modelo interactivo de comunicación química entre una nanopartícula Janus abiótica y un organismo vivo (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). En particular, el nanodispositivo está basado en nanopartículas funcionalizadas con glucosa oxidasa en la parte del oro, cargadas con el genotóxico fleomicina y tapadas con la puerta molecular sensible a pH (βciclodextrina:benzimidazol). El microorganismo usado en el estudio es una levadura modificada que expresa GFP bajo el control del promotor del gen RNR3; la transcripción de dicho gen es inducida con la exposición a agentes que dañan el ADN. La ruta de comunicación interactiva empieza con la adición de sacarosa (estímulo de entrada) la cual es hidrolizada en glucosa por la invertasa localizada en el espacio periplásmico de las levaduras y que difunde al nanodispositivo donde es trasformada en el correspondiente ácido por la glucosa oxidasa de la parte del oro. La bajada local de pH da lugar a la apertura de la nanoválvula sensible a pH del nanovehículo y con ello a la liberación de fleomicina (mensaje de vuelta) que induce la expresión de GFP (señal de salida) en las levaduras. En el sexto capítulo, proponemos una estrategia para establecer una comunicación lineal entre dos microorganismos diferentes que no interactúan entre ellos mediada por un nanodispositivo que actúa como traductor químico. Finalmente, las conclusiones generales de la presente tesis doctoral son expuestas en el capítulo siete. El estudio de las capacidades comunicativas de los nanodispositivos mesoporosos funcionalizados con enzimas permite la construcción de estrategias de cooperación entre diferentes entidades que permiten funcionalidades que van más allá que aquellas llevadas a cabo por agentes individuales.
[CA] La present tesi doctoral es centra en el disseny, síntesi i caracterització de diversos nanodispositius híbrids orgànic-inorgànics, utilitzant com a suport nanopartícules de sílice mesoporosa equipades amb enzims i portes moleculars, i que mostren capacitats comunicatives a més de l’avaluació de diferents estratègies de comunicació. El primer capítol inclou un resum de diferents conceptes sobre els quals es fonamenten els estudis realitzats com ara nanotecnologia, materials de sílice mesoporosa, materials amb portes moleculars que reaccionen a estímuls específics, partícules Janus i biocomputació. Finalment, s’inclouen conceptes bàsics sobre la comunicació química, materials i estratègies utilitzades fins ara i exemples representatius. A continuació, en el segon capítol, es presenten els objectius generals d’aquesta tesi doctoral que són abordats en els següents capítols experimentals. El tercer capítol mostra un sistema de biocomputació per alliberament basat en nanopartícules Janus d’or-sílice mesoporosa capaços de comunicar-se amb l’entorn processant la informació i imitant la funció lògica booleana pròpia d’un demultiplexer i que resulta en l’alliberament controlat de la càrrega. Es mostra que aquest nanodispositiu pot dur a terme les seves funcions en mitjans complexos com en cèl·lules canceroses. En el quart capítol, es presenta un model circular de comunicació dins d’una xarxa de tres nanopartícules diferents basat en l’intercanvi jeràrquicament programat de missatges químics. La part mesoporosa del nanodispositiu 1 (S1βgal) es carrega amb l’espècie fluorescent [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 i es tapa amb cadenes d’oligo(etilenglicol) que contenen ponts disulfur i que funcionen com portes moleculars, mentre que l’enzim β-galactosidasa s’immobilitza a la part de l’or. A la nanopartícula 2 (S2galox), l’enzim galactosa oxidasa s’immobilitza a la cara de l’or mentre que la sílice mesoporosa es carrega amb 4-(bromometil)benzoat de metil i els porus són tapats amb un derivat d’arilboronat autoimmolant sensible a H2O2 que forma un complex hoste-amfitrió amb β-ciclodextrina. Finalment, el nanodispositu 3 (S3est) es funcionalitza amb l’enzim esterasa en la part de l’or, es carrega amb l’espècie reductora hidroclurur de tris (2-carboxietil) fosfina (TCEP) a la part mesoporosa i es tapa amb una nanoválvula supramolecular que respon a pH (β-ciclodextrina:benzimidazol). En el cinqué capítol, es mostra un model interactiu de comunicació química entre una nanopartícula Janus abiòtica i un organisme viu (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). En particular, el nanodispositiu està basat en nanopartícules funcionalitzades amb glucosa oxidasa en la part de l’or, carregades amb el genotòxic fleomicina i tapades amb la porta molecular sensible a pH (βciclodextrina:benzimidazol). El microorganisme utilitzat en l’estudi és un rent modificat que expressa GFP sota el control del promotor del gen RNR3; la transcripció d’aquest gen és induïda amb l’exposició a agents que danyen l’ADN. La ruta de comunicació interactiva comença amb l’addició de sacarosa (estímul d’entrada) la qual és hidrolitzada en glucosa per la invertasa localitzada en l’espai periplasmàtic dels rents i que difon al nanodispositiu on és transformada en el corresponent àcid per la glucosa oxidasa de la part de l’or. La baixada local de pH dona lloc a l’obertura de la nanoválvula sensible a pH del nanovehicle i amb això l’alliberament de fleomicina (missatge de tornada) que indueix l’expressió de GFP (senyal de sortida) en el rent. En el sisé capítol, proposem una estratègia per establir una comunicació lineal entre dos microorganismes diferents que no interactuen entre ells facilitada per un nanodispositiu que actua com a traductor químic. Finalment, les conclusions generals de la present tesi doctoral són exposades en el capítol set. L’estudi de les capacitats comunicatives dels nanodispositius mesoporosos funcionalitzats amb enzims permet la construcció d’estratègies de cooperació entre diferents entitats que permeten funcionalitats que van més enllà que aquelles dutes a terme per agents individuals. Esperem que els resultats obtinguts inspiren aplicacions futures en diferents àrees com ara biomedicina, nanorobots, materials que imiten la naturalesa i tecnologies de la informació.
[EN] This PhD Thesis is focused on the design, synthesis and characterization of several hybrid organic-inorganic nanodevices using mesoporous silica nanoparticles equipped with enzymes and molecular gates which display communication capabilities as well as the design and evaluation of different communication strategies. The first chapter includes an overview of the different concepts which lay the foundations of the presented studies such as nanotechnology, mesoporous silica materials, stimuli-responsive gated materials, Janus particles and biocomputing. Basic concepts of chemical communication, materials and enabling technologies employed so far and representative examples in this field are also included. Next, in the second chapter, the general objectives of this PhD Thesis that are addressed in the following experimental chapters are presented. The third chapter shows a biocomputing delivery system based on Janus gold-mesoporous silica nanoparticles capable of chemically communicating with the environment and processing the information mimicking a demultiplexer Boolean logic function which results in a programmed cargo release. Finally, it is shown that such nanodevice is operative in complex media such as cancer cells. In the fourth chapter, it is presented a circular model of communication within a network of three different nanoparticles based on the hierarchically programmed exchange of chemical messages. The mesoporous face of nanodevice 1 (S1βgal) is loaded with the fluorescent dye [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 and capped with disulfidecontaining oligo(ethylene glycol) chains acting as gatekeepers, whereas the enzyme β-galactosidase is attached to the gold face. In nanoparticle 2 (S2galox), the enzyme galactose oxidase is immobilized on the Au face, while the mesoporous silica is loaded with methyl 4-(bromomethyl)benzoate and the mesopores capped with a H2O2-sensitive self-immolative arylboronate derivative which forms a host-guest complex with β-cyclodextrin. Finally, the nanodevice 3 (S3est) is functionalized with the enzyme esterase on the Au face, loaded with the reductive species tris(2- carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP) in the mesoporous face and capped with a pH-responsive supramolecular nanovalve (β-cyclodextrin:benzimidazole). In the fifth chapter, it is showed an interactive model of chemical communication between an abiotic Janus nanoparticle and a living organism (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). In particular, the nanodevice is based on Janus goldmesoporous silica nanoparticles functionalized with glucose oxidase on the Au face, loaded with the genotoxin phleomycin and capped with a pH-responsive (βcyclodextrin:benzimidazole) gatekeeper. The microorganism used in the studies is an engineered budding yeast that expresses GFP under the control of the RNR3 promoter; RNR3 gene transcription is induced upon exposure to DNA-damaging agents. The interactive communication pathway starts with the addition of sucrose (input) which is hydrolyzed into glucose by invertase located in periplasmic space of yeasts and diffuses to the nanodevice where it is transformed into the corresponding acid by glucose oxidase on the Au face. The local drop in pH leads to uncapping of the pH-sensitive nanovalve in the nanocarrier and the release of phleomycin (feedback messenger) that induces GFP expression (output) in yeasts. In the sixth chapter, we propose a strategy to establish linear communication between two different non-interacting microorganisms mediated by a nanodevice which acts as a chemical “nanotranslator”. Finally, the general conclusions from this PhD Thesis are presented in chapter seven. The study of communication capabilities of enzyme-functionalized mesoporous nanodevices enables the construction of strategies of cooperation between different entities allowing sophisticated functionalities that go beyond those carried out by individual agents. We hope that the obtained results inspire future applications in different areas such as biomedicine, nanorobots, life-like materials and information technologies.
The authors wish to thank the Spanish Government (projects RTI2018-100910-B-C41 and RTI2018-101599-B-C22 (MCUI/AEI/FEDER, UE), CTQ2017-87954-P), the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO 2018/024), the Comunidad de Madrid (IND2017/BMD7642) and CIBER-BBN (NANOCOMMUNITY project) for support.
De Luis Fernández, B. (2021). Development of enzyme-functionalized hybrid mesoporous nanodevices for advanced chemical communication [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/171506
TESIS
Compendio
Rydzek, Gaulthier. "Assemblage de films polymères par réaction click électrocontrôlée." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00756082.
Trenque, Isabelle. "Synthèse et caractérisation d’oxydes métalliques ZnO au bénéfice de nouvelles stratégies d’élaboration d’absorbeurs IR." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14905/document.
Thanks to its absorption / reflexion properties limited to the UV and the IR range, n-doped zinc oxide is a promising candidate for the elaboration of transparent and insulating films in smart windows. Nanostructured particles of Ga-doped zinc oxide were elaborated by polyol process. Polyol process was used in order to control the size and the morphology of the particles. Both experimental and theoretical data show that a maximum of IR absorption efficiency is obtained for a doping rate of 2.6 molar percent. Colloidal suspensions with high transmission in the visible range combined with significant absorption of the near infrared range were obtained using two strategies. The first one is the encapsulation of the Ga-doped ZnO particles by a fluoride shells with an intermediate refractive index between ZnO and the dispersion medium. The second one is the optimization of the dispersion state of nano-colloidal suspensions thanks to the adsorption of thioalkanes on the Ga-doped ZnO crystallite surfaces
Marques, Catarina Costa e. "Application of vanadium oxide nanoparticles in smart surfaces." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/58089.
Machado, Jessica Ariana Madeira. "Synthesis of Smart Biocompatible Nanoparticles for Bio-Applications." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/32545.
Castanheira, Edgar Ângelo Jacinto. "Smart Mesoporous Silica Glyconanoparticles for Theranostics." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/56364.
alsaiari, shahad. "NANOBOTS Smart Systems to Improve Therapeutics Delivery." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10754/630004.
Upadhyaya, Lakshmeesha. "Self-assembled smart filtration membranes from block copolymers and inorganic nanoparticles." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/98701.
Ce travail de thèse propose une nouvelle approche pour la préparation de membranes à matrice mixte basée sur l’utilisation de copolymères à blocs et de nanoparticules inorganiques disposant de propriétés magnétiques. Des aggrégats de copolymères ont été préparés avec une morphologie variée (sphères, cylindres et vésicules) à partir du copolymère poly(acide méthacrylique)-b-poly(méthacrylate de méthyle). Ce dernier a été synthétisé par polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par transfert de chaîne réversible par addition-fragmentation (RAFT) dans l’éthanol à 70°C. Des particules d’oxyde de fer ont, quant à elles, été préparées en présence de différents stabilisants à température variée pour permettre d’atteindre la charge de surface et les propriétés magnétiques recherchées. La structure des copolymères à bloc a permis d’obtenir à la fois des membranes hydrophobes via le procédé de séparation de phase induite par un non-solvant, ainsi que des membranes hydrophiles lorsque que la technique de spin-coating était appliquée aux aggrégats formés par auto-assemblage induit lors de la polymérisation. Grâce à l’étude détaillée des propriétés de filtration des membranes obtenues, la relation structure-propriété a été discutée sous l’action d’un champ magnétique externe. Enfin, la sensibilité au colmatage a été vérifiée via la filtration de solutions de protéines. Il a ainsi été démontré une diminution notable du colmatage sous champ magnétique, ouvrant de belles perspectives pour ces nouvelles membranes
Esta tesis presenta una nueva aproximación a la producción de membranas de matrices mixtas, mediante copolímeros bloque y partículas inorgánicas con propiedades magnéticas. Las nanopartículas poliméricas con diferentes morfologías (lineal, esferas, gusanos, y vesículas) a partir del copolímero di-bloque: ácido polimetacrílico-b-metilmetacrilato han sido sintetizadas utilizando una polimerización por adición, fragmentación y transferencia de cadena reversible (RAFT) en etanol a 70ºC. La contraparte inorgánica, nanopartículas de óxido de hierro, ha sido preparada utilizando diferentes estabilizadores a varias temperaturas para adquirir la carga en la superficie y las propiedades magnéticas necesarias.La propiedades químicas de las partículas conducen a la formación de membranas hidrofóbicas mediante separación de fases inducida por no disolventes (NIPS), así como a la formación de mebranas hidrofílicas utilizando la técnica de recubrimiento por rotación simple de las partículas mediante autoensamblaje inducido por polimerización. Mediante un estudio experimental detallado de la filtración de la membrana, la influencia de diferentes parámetros en el rendimiento del proceso ha sido analizado en presencia y ausencia de campo magnético. Finalmente, el ensuciamiento de la membrana han sido estudiadas utilizando una disolución de proteínas. Asimismo, el rendimiento de la membrana ha sido examinado en presencia de campo magnético, dando como resultado una disminución en el ensuciamientode la membrana. Estos resultados confirman que estas nuevas membranas poseen altas prestaciones en el área de la tecnología de membranas
Simão, Teresa. "Self-assembled nanoparticles as new smart contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/1735.
The aim of this thesis is to develop smart and targeted nanoparticle contrast agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. These nanoparticles were designed to improve the sensitivity of this high resolution imaging technique and thereby improve early cancer detection, which is a major factor for the reduction of cancer mortality. The designed nanoparticles are expected to accumulate in the tumor through passive and active targeting. In addition, when exposed to the characteristic low pH of the cancer microenvironment, the nanoparticles will release the contrast agent, which will turn on its imaging capability. This contrast agent consists of pH-sensitive polymeric micelles formed by self-assembly, loaded with Gadolinium (III) complexes and bioconjugated with the C595 monoclonal antibody against the human MUC1 protein, which is overexpressed during tumorigenesis since its early stages. The capability of micelles to disintegrate and release the encapsulated contrast in acidic conditions was proved by 1.5T MRI experiments. The MRI study showed no image signal from the sample with intact micelles whereas a signal enhancement was observed from the sample at low pH. After one mouse has been intramuscularly injected with Gadolinium(III)-loaded micelles in both hind legs, the MR image demonstrated a stronger signal from the right hind leg, which was previously injected with an acid solution. To assess in vitro cytotoxicity of free and encapsulated Gadolinium (III) complexes in polymeric micelles, MTT assays were performed on different cancer cell lines. Encapsulated Gadolinium (III) complexes showed significantly lower cytotoxicity than free Gadolinium (III) complexes, even at the highest concentration. To verify the target capability of nanoparticles, fluorescent dye-loaded polymeric micelles were incubated with breast cancer cells expressing MUC1 (verified by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting and flow cytometry) and mouse bone marrow stroma cells. Antibody-conjugated micelles had superior affinity for MUC1-expressing human breast cancer cells than for mouse bone marrow cells.
Schumacher, Manuela [Verfasser]. "Smart organic-inorganic nanohybrids of functionalized silsesquioxane nanoparticles / vorgelegt von Manuela Schumacher (geb. Fink)." 2009. http://d-nb.info/993695159/34.
Profeta, Martina. "Smart design and in vitro testing of nanoparticles for microenvironmentally-triggered extracellular drug release." Tesi di dottorato, 2017. http://www.fedoa.unina.it/12165/1/PhDThesisMartinaProfeta.pdf.
Lin, Yi-Wen, and 林意文. "Tumortropic Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Carrying Smart Therapeutic Nanoparticles for Targeting Delivery and Chemotherapy of Glioblastoma." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zrgv9h.
國立清華大學
生醫工程與環境科學系
102
To improve the therapeutic efficacy of solid brain tumors by promoting tumor-targeted chemotherapy delivery and triggering drug release upon external alternating magnetic field, the tumor-tropic adipose-derived stem cells were exploited as a vehicle to carry the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION)/ paclitaxel (PTX) -loaded nanoparticles. The PTX and oleic acid-coated SPIONs were hydrophobically entrapped in the poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based cores stabilized by amphiphilic lipid-containing copolymer, poly(γ-glutamic acid-co-distearin glutamate).While the particle size and polydispersity index were evaluated to be ca 106 nm and 0.11, respectively, the SPION / PTX -loaded nanoparticles were featured with a high drug loading efficiency (91.9%), corresponding to a loading capacity of 8.4 wt%. The in vitro results demonstrate that the SPION / PTX -loaded nanoparticles after being engulfed by stem cells are benign to the cellular host, thereby allowing the host to retain their innate tumor tropism. The in vivo fluorescence images reveal that the Cy5.5-labeled nanoparticles transported by tumor-homing stem cells display the considerably enhanced accumulation in the brain tumor of the ALTS1C1 intracranial tumor-bearing mice. Notably, the survival rate of the ALTS1C1 intracranial tumor-bearing mice subjected to the payload-containing stem cells via tail vein injection and high frequency magnetic field (HFMF) was significantly enhanced as compared to that of tumor-bearing mice receiving SPION / PTX -loaded nanoparticles alone. Furthermore, the treatment combining payload-containing stem cells and HFMF stimulus exhibited the superior capability of inhibiting tumor growth of the ALTS1C1 subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice. Based on the above results, the use of tumor-tropic stem cells to deliver therapeutic nanoparticles combined with the external remotely-controlled drug release shows the great potential for brain tumor treatment.
Pinto, Tânia Vanessa Oliveira. "Photoswitchable silica nanoparticles for the production of light responsive smart textiles: from fabrication to coating technology." Doctoral thesis, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/105967.
Pinto, Tânia Vanessa Oliveira. "Photoswitchable silica nanoparticles for the production of light responsive smart textiles: from fabrication to coating technology." Tese, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/105967.
Yang, Shun-Xiang, and 楊舜翔. "Highly Electrically Conductive Films of Silver Nanoparticles Finely Dispersed in Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Surfactants for Smart Clothing." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6zatdg.
國立臺灣科技大學
材料科學與工程系
106
We compare the stability of silver nano particles by using three types of PIB-imide-PIB polymer dispersant. The results come out that PIB-ED2003-PIB has great stability to silver nano particles. Then we add organic/inorganic hybrid dispersant contain zero-dimensional and one-dimensional material inside the dispersant, and study the stability of silver nano particles. We use carbon black and carbon nano tube as dispersant, because they have aromatic group, carbon black and carbon nano tube are hydrophobic and have great conductivity. In the experiment, silver nano particles can be nano dispersion and stability because of the non-covalent force of carbon material and organic polymer dispersant. We then coat the dispersions onto polymide with thermoplastic elastomer to make flexible electrode and stretchable electrode which can be applied to Sensing element of smart textile. We sucessfully prepare high conductivity nano composite film by coating organic/inorganic nano silver blending material. The silver nano particles we use was prepare by adding polymer dispersant as organic materials, and carbon black and carbon nano tube as inorganic materials to make silver nano particles dispersed and stable. Then we coat the dispersions onto polymer substrate and process heating. Finally we make high conductivity film and sucessfully measured ECG.
Caselli, Lucrezia. "Combining inorganic nanoparticles with lamellar and non-lamellar lipid bilayers: from interaction to design of smart hybrid nanodevices." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1239307.
Wei, W., X. Zhang, Xianfeng Chen, M. Zhou, R. Xu, and X. Zhang. "Smart surface coating of drug nanoparticles with cross- linkable polyethylene glycol for bio-responsive and highly efficient drug delivery." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/8363.
Many drug molecules can be directly used as nanomedicine without the requirement of any inorganic or organic carriers such as silica and liposome nanostructures. This new type of carrier-free drug nanoparticles (NPs) has great potential in clinical treatment because of its ultra-high drug loading capacity and biodegradability. For practical applications, it is essential for such nanomedicine to possess robust stability and minimal premature release of therapeutic molecules during circulation in the blood stream. To meet this requirement, herein, we develop GSH-responsive and crosslinkable amphiphilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules to modify carrier-free drug NPs. These PEG molecules can be cross-linked on the surface of the NPs to endow them with greater stability and the cross-link is sensitive to intracellular environment for bio-responsive drug release. With this elegant design, our experimental results show that the liberation of DOX from DOX-cross-linked PEG NPs is dramatically slower than that from DOX-non-cross-linked PEG NPs, and the DOX release profile can be controlled by tuning the concentration of the reducing agent to break the cross-link between PEG molecules. More importantly, in vivo studies reveal that the DOX-cross-linked PEG NPs exhibit favorable blood circulation half-life (>4 h) and intense accumulation in tumor areas, enabling effective anti-cancer therapy. We expect this work will provide a powerful strategy for stabilizing carrier-free nanomedicines and pave the way to their successful clinical applications in the future.
The National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB933500, 2012CB932400), National Natural Science Foundation of China (61422403), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20131162), QingLan Project, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and a Project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).