Journal articles: 'Smart material design'

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Frick, Achim, Marcel Spadaro, and Michael Borm. "Smart Material Composites Substitute Monolithic Structures." Materials Science Forum 825-826 (July 2015): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.825-826.353.

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The present paper approaches possible advantages of hybrid constructions compared to monolithic design. Hybrid constructions represent multi-material composites where each of the materials employed are optimally utilized. Therefore, materials consumption decreases which leads to material, energy and cost efficiency and finally contributes to sustainability.The investigations targets on a possible substitution of a heavy iron casted pump housing by a metal-polymer hybrid light weight construction and on the achievable total mass reduction. Multi-material composites are prerequisite for lightweight design and promise a huge mass reduction potential.

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Ferrara, Marinella. "Smart Experience in Fashion Design: A Speculative Analysis of Smart Material Systems Applications." Arts 8, no. 1 (December 29, 2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts8010004.

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During the last decade, smart materials and systems have increasingly impacted several niches, including ‘one-off/limited edition experimental fashion’. As the traditional boundaries between what is art and what was not supposed to be art are now turning into osmotic membranes, we will speculatively focus on how ‘smart material systems’ are highly contributing to outline a new creative landscape full of interesting and compelling issues. Introducing three different sub-niches of experimental fashion—multi-sensory dresses, empathic dresses, and bio-smart dresses—this article outlines the emergence of a new smart design scenario. Then, we critically discuss some of the implications of the developing research in terms of design thinking and design aesthetics. This paper aims to contribute to the topic of next design scenario, demonstrating how design research is increasingly affecting the extension of human perception, emotions, and the concept of ‘almost-living’ entities, projecting towards the redefinition of relationships with materials and objects.

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Rashid, Maki K., and Khalil Ibrahim Shihab. "Intelligent design of cutting tools using smart material." International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design 3, no. 1 (November 7, 2006): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10999-006-9010-2.

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Sauer, Sabrina. "Material Agency In User-Centred Design Practices." Digital Culture & Society 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2015): 187–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/dcs-2015-0112.

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Abstract This paper investigates (digital) materiality through an analysis of the “sociomaterial configuration” (Orlikowski 2009) of the participatory design project SensorLab (2010). In SensorLab, users were enrolled as designers: a group of high school students developed and tested smart pollution-sensing prototypes in a public park in Amsterdam. Concepts from science and technology studies, specifically the notion of the “dance of agency” (Pickering 1995), are used to trace how ‘smartness’ materialises in the form of the SensorLab’s prototypes. The exploratory case study draws conclusions about (1) how materiality performs its agency and invites improvisations during prototype design and (2) how the student-designers use their tacit knowledge as situated expertise to improvise with construction materials and technology. The deconstruction of the assemblage of human/material agency suggests that while the student- designers are readily accommodated to develop prototypes, the material agency of the sensor technology resists improvisation as compared with the other available materials. The extent to which the black-boxed sensor technology allows the student-designers to become ‘smart’ is therefore debatable.

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Omar, Abdalla M., and Mohamed Hassan. "Design of 3D printed smart material compatible hand prosthesis." MATEC Web of Conferences 318 (2020): 01039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031801039.

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Every year there are about 3500-5200 people suffering from upper limb amputations, most of which are wrist disarticulation and transcarpal. This paper investigates current upper limb prostheses and presents the disadvantages of current prostheses, including limited degrees of freedom (DOF), limited range of motion, weight, customizability, and appearance. The proposed design is the first stage of a series of papers that proposes designs that are compatible with shape morphing materials. The use of these materials as actuators allows the development and design of more advanced upper limb prostheses. Therefore, the prosthesis is modelled as needed for patients with transcarpal/wrist disarticulation amputations. The proposed model has 27 degrees of freedom (DOF), reduced weight, low cost, improved appearance, and is printable to fit.

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Mukherji, Debashish, Carlos M. Marques, and Kurt Kremer. "Smart Responsive Polymers: Fundamentals and Design Principles." Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics 11, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 271–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050618.

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In this review, we summarize recent theoretical and computational developments in the field of smart responsive materials, together with complementary experimental data. A material is referred to as smart responsive when a slight change in external stimulus can drastically alter its structure, function, or stability. Because of this smart responsiveness, these systems are used for the design of advanced functional materials. The most characteristic properties of smart polymers are discussed, especially polymer properties in solvent mixtures. We show how multiscale simulation approaches can shed light on the intriguing experimental observations. Special emphasis is given to two symmetric phenomena: co-non-solvency and co-solvency. The first phenomenon is associated with the collapse of polymers in two miscible good solvents, whereas the latter is associated with the swelling of polymers in poor solvent mixtures. Furthermore, we discuss when the standard Flory–Huggins-type mean-field polymer theory can (or cannot) be applied to understand these complex solution properties. We also sketch a few examples to highlight possible future directions, that is, how smart polymer properties can be used for the design principles of advanced functional materials.

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González-Colominas, Marta. "Dynamic experiences generated by sensory features through smart material driven design." Temes de Disseny, no. 34 (November 26, 2018): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.46467/tdd34.2018.48-59.

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Materials can be considered the interface of a product as they mediate between user, environment and object (Karana, Pedgley and Rognoli 2014). They characterize the physical world and generate a continuous flow of sensory interactions. In this age of mass production, engineers and designers are in a unique position to use the opportunities presented by materials development and apply them in creative ways to trigger meaningful user experiences. Dynamism is considered a very promising material experience in terms of creating meaningful interactions, and, consequently, user attachment to a product (Rognoli, Ferrara and Arquilla 2016). Dynamic products are those that show sensory features that change over time in a proactive and reversible way, activating one or more user’s sensory modalities and aiming at enhancing the user’s experience (Colombo 2016). Smart materials could be considered the most suitable candidates to provide dynamic experiences. They react to external stimuli, such as pressure, temperature or the electric field, changing properties such as shape or colour. They are capable of both sensing and responding to the environment, as well as exerting active control of their responses (Addington and Schodek 2004). Compared to understanding traditional materials, smart materials involve additional technical complexity. The aim of this paper is to share how the Material Driven Design (MDD) method (Karana et al. 2015) has been applied and to analyse a set of 10 projects, grouped into 5 case studies, developed by students from ELISAVA over the last 3 years to improve ways to implement the method. We have analysed the case studies in terms of the changes observed in the sensory features, using a sensory map proposed by Sara Colombo (Colombo 2016). By comparing different projects, the paper shows how the sensorial aspects are invoked by different smart material properties. The 5 case studies have integrated the smart materials into functional prototypes for different application sectors, such as healthcare, energy harvesting or fashion. We have found that only three sensory modalities (sound, sight and touch) were involved in the user experience, with sight being the most predominant sensory perception. This study aims to serve as a springboard for other scholars interested in designing dynamic products with smart materials.

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Yu, Yue Min, and Xian Sheng Ji. "Design and Analysis of a Microgripper Based on Smart Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (November 2012): 983–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.983.

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Smart materials are a group of solid-state materials whose geometric shape can be related to an energy input in the form of heat, light, electric field, or magnetic field. In the application of active materials to electromechanical energy conversion, electrical energy may be input to the material and the resulting deformation of the material can be used to move a load. The most common smart materials are piezoelectrics, magnetostrictive, and SMAs. In this paper, a microgripper is designed based right angle flexure hinge and driven through piezoelectric ceramic stack. The calculation formulas of amplifying ratio and natural frequency of the microgripper structure were derived. From the analysis, the maximum stress is 147Mpa that under the allowable stress of 65Mn. It can work in a stable status.The results indicate that, the microgripper all are satisfy the need of design .

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Straub, Friedrich K., and Donald J. Merkley. "Design of a smart material actuator for rotor control." Smart Materials and Structures 6, no. 3 (June 1, 1997): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/6/3/002.

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Lauder, G. V., P. G. A. Madden, J. L. Tangorra, E. Anderson, and T. V. Baker. "Bioinspiration from fish for smart material design and function." Smart Materials and Structures 20, no. 9 (August 31, 2011): 094014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/20/9/094014.

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Xiong, Chao, Jian Zheng, Li Qing Fang, and Chun Ting Ma. "Magnetorheological Fluid and Design of Magnetorhelogical Devices." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 1381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.1381.

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Magnetorheological (MR) fluid is a new kind of smart materials, which can be transformed from Newtonian fluid into visco-plastic solid rapidly in the presence of magnetic field. In this paper, the material composition, characteristics and constitutive relation of this smart material were discussed. The operational principles of MR devices in flow, shear and squeeze mode were generalized in detail. The design technique of structural parameters and magnetic circuit of MR devices were investigated. Especially, some important technical points on dimension of fluid gap, magnetic core material and the direction of magnetic flux density were sumarized. All of these can give a valuable referrence for MR devices design. As an example, a MR damper in shear-valve mode was designed, and some experiments were carried on it. From the experimental result, it shown that the MR damper has an excellent damping force characteristics. This also proved the design technique put forward by author was validated.

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Cazottes, Paul, A. Fernandes, Joel Pouget, and Moustapha Hafez. "Design of Actuation for Bistable Structures Using Smart Materials." Advances in Science and Technology 54 (September 2008): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.54.287.

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Several smart materials such as shape memory alloys (SMA) and electroactive polymers (EAP) have good properties in small scales and are often a good choice for tiny surface deflection applications. However they need continuous powering to keep their shape change, leading to a significant loss of energy. An interesting approach is to associate a smart material with a bistable element, which provides two stable positions without power. This action requires some energy to snap from one position to the other one. This association gives a very power-efficient solution. In this paper, we present a mechanical study on the actuation of a bistable structure, using a distributed torque actuation that is very suitable for smart materials. We provide an approach to optimize the actuation location, this allow to use less powerful and more compact actuators.

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Zhang, Dong, Baiping Ren, Yanxian Zhang, Lijian Xu, Qinyuan Huang, Yi He, Xuefeng Li, et al. "From design to applications of stimuli-responsive hydrogel strain sensors." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 8, no. 16 (2020): 3171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tb02692d.

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Stimuli-responsive hydrogel strain sensors that synergize the advantages of both hydrogel and smart functional materials have attracted increasing interest from material design to emerging applications in health monitors and human–machine interfaces.

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Stylios, George K. "Novel Smart Textiles." Materials 13, no. 4 (February 20, 2020): 950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13040950.

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The sensing/adapting/responding, multifunctionality, low energy, small size and weight, ease of forming, and low-cost attributes of SMART textiles and their multidisciplinary scope offer numerous end uses in medical, sports and fitness, military, fashion, automotive, aerospace, built environment, and energy industries. The research and development for these new and high-value materials crosses scientific boundaries, redefines material science design and engineering, and enhances quality of life and our environment. “Novel SMART Textiles” is a focused special issue that reports the latest research of this field and facilitates dissemination, networking, discussion, and debate.

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Andreas, Kolja, Christoph Kiener, Ulf Engel, and Marion Merklein. "Smart FE-Based Tool Design in Cold Forging." Advanced Materials Research 1018 (September 2014): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1018.309.

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In cold forging, the forming tool takes a key role as it determines accuracy and efficiency of forming process. The present study focuses on the FE based analysis of the influence of die material, interference within prestressing and die splitting on the stress state in and the elastic behaviour of the forming tool. The results reveal a great influence of the workpiece material and the tool layout on the outcome of the forming process and the corresponding tool stresses.

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MATSUMOTO, Takahiro. "Smart Design of Organometallic Catalysts to Induce Innovative Material Transformations." Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute 65, no. 4 (July 1, 2022): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1627/jpi.65.134.

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omar, Taher, Sahar Morsi Mohamed, and Mohamed Seif Al-Nasr Ahmed. "Applications of Smart Material to Enhance Daylighting as a tool to Improve Sustainability of Atriums." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1113, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1113/1/012022.

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Abstract Applications for smart building materials include making them more environmentally friendly, better able to suit user needs, and less likely to cause environmental issues. This kind of material has been suggested recently, following great scientific advancements and novel sustainable architecture techniques, as smart materials that allow controlled transmission of light and heat into the building and remove some of the traditional limitations in window application, smart material technologies are key feature competitiveness of the twenty-first century. Modern construction materials are capable of achieving great levels of utility, “Smart materials” will play a crucial role in building technology development; These materials that are part of an intelligent structural system, have the ability to sense its environment, so smart materials can function like living systems, An important element of an architectural design strategy that is environmentally sustainable is the use of daylight as part of an integrated, controlled lighting strategy. For well-designed structures, the atrium could be a significant source of daylight. It also offers other environmental advantages such as solar energy gain, reduced energy loss, and natural ventilation. The major elements of the atrium for the daylight design are a system of skylights and windows to provide daylight levels in the spaces adjacent to the atrium.

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Yoon, Jung Won. "Sustainability Assessment of Smart Materials in Buildings." Materials Science Forum 940 (December 2018): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.940.133.

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Smart materials are discussed in architecture to transfer the state-of-the-art technology and expand the horizon of building performance. Although the effects of smart material applications in building design are discussed in literature and publications from the context of an autonomous responsive system and an environment-control device, the notion of sustainability assessment of smart materials is not comprehensively discussed yet. Researches on the energy simulation, life cycle cost assessment, thermal behavior evaluation, and daylight assessment have been developed for some specific materials. However, the sustainable performance of building is evaluated with criteria of region-based building sustainability assessment tools. Although smart materials in building may contribute to energy demand reduction and be considered as innovative technology with multiple values, currently available sustainability assessment tools would not allow the adequate evaluation of smart materials in buildings. Therefore, this research reviews the possibility to evaluate smart materials in major sustainability assessment tools – BREEAM, LEED, and CASBEE and proposes the assessment criteria to embrace a smart material application in architecture as an opportunistic smart approach toward sustainability of buildings.

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Huang, Huanan, Ying Zhou, Yawei Wang, Xiaohua Cao, Chuan Han, Guochang Liu, Zhixiong Xu, et al. "Precise molecular design for BN-modified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons toward mechanochromic materials." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 42 (2020): 22023–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta06191c.

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This paper reports on a novel molecular-level design strategy to achieve a novel MCL material base on boron and nitrogen aromatics. The introduction of boron nitrogen unit is the key to design the MCL smart materials.

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Ertuna, Ilker, Yusuf Güngör, Fatma Karaoğlu, Nazlı Dindar, Uğur Can Topçu, Gökhan Çaliş, and Doç Dr Ceren Göde. "Design and Production of Smart Wearable Textile Products Using Layered Manufacturing Technology with Photovoltaic Energy." South Florida Journal of Development 2, no. 2 (May 17, 2021): 1636–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv2n2-040.

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Smart textiles are used in a wide range of areas, such as defense industry, security, medicine, health, aviation, space sciences, environment, energy, biotechnology, agriculture, food, cosmetics and fashion design. In this study, with the progress of technology in the area of the wearable smart textile industry, 3D manufacturing which has started to take place in the industry as a new manufacturing method or in other words layered manufacturing practices are discessed. For this purpose, a solar panel was placed in the 3D printed material obtained by FDM method, one of the layered manufacturing methods, and integrated into the textile material and to charge our electronic devices from photovoltaic energy was explained. It is aimed to produce, using the knowledge gained as a result of the study, smart textile products that facilitate human life with 3D printed materials obtained from filaments with conductive additive.

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Fredrick Gnanaraj, F., and K. R. Vijaya Kumar. "Design and Experimental Analysis of Composite Material with Piezoelectric Layer." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 1812–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.8445.

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The main objective of this work is to analyze the active vibration control using smart sensors and actuators in a laminated E-Glass/epoxy cyanate composite beam. The cantilevered composite beam has piezoelectric ceramic patches as smart sensors and actuators. Hand layup technique for vibration suppression is done on the fabricated E-Glass/Epoxy-cyanate composite laminated beam. Experimental modal testing is performed to achieve vibration suppression on the flexible composite beam bonded with seven circular type piezoelectric actuator elements and seven circular type sensor elements. The complete vibration suppression utilizes a data acquisition system, a real-time control system, and a functional generator, in addition to the composite beam with PZT sensor and actuator. The data acquisition hardware consists of model NI 9233 (4 channel +5 V 24 Bit IEPE Analog input I2VA 1-to earth ground).

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Imamura, Yumeko, Takayuki Tanaka, Yoshihito Suzuki, Kazuki Takizawa, and Masanori Yamanaka. "Motion-Based-Design of Elastic Material for Passive Assistive Device Using Musculoskeletal Model." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 23, no. 6 (December 20, 2011): 978–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2011.p0978.

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We are developing a passive power assist device, “Smart Suit Lite.” Smart Suit Lite is a compact, lightweight power assist device that utilizes the elastomeric force of elastic materials. We have developed a “motion-based assist method” in order to design Smart Suit Lite for particular motions. We have also developed an extended musculoskeletal model which has “Skin segments” that aid in analyzing assistive force. In this paper, we target the movements of caregivers. From three-dimensional motion data and an extended musculoskeletal model, we analyze human muscle forces and assistive forces. We then design the arrangement and properties of the elastic materials, based on the motion-based assist method. Finally, we verify its assistance effect through basic experiments.

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Choi, Woorim, Dahong Kim, Sungjae Lee, and Yong-Gu Lee. "New modeling approach for 4D printing by using kinetic components." Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 8, no. 4 (June 14, 2021): 1013–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwab029.

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Abstract The use of smart materials in three-dimensional (3D) printing incorporates a temporal dimension to the printed object in a technique that is aptly named four-dimensional (4D) printing. In most 4D designs, the smart material is used for the whole body of the object and the final configurations can be predicted with the aid of simulations. The motions of smart materials are non-linear and computationally expensive to predict even through advanced numerical solvers. To enable the ease of integration of smart materials to 3D printing, we introduce (i) standardized kinetic components made of smart materials that exhibit basic mechanical motions, such as bending and twisting, to be used as active components for mechanical assemblies with rigid parts; (ii) an open kinetic library concept where anyone can download data on kinetic components to use in their designs, as well as upload and share their own; and (iii) simulations based on the empirical method using the kinetic components in the assembly. We provide two design implementations that utilize the standardized kinetic components: an icosahedron and a mounting platform.

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Shahzad, Shaban, Ahmed Toumi, Jean-Paul Balayssac, and Anaclet Turatsinze. "Design of smart cementitious composites based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using probe ultrasonicator for dispersion." MATEC Web of Conferences 364 (2022): 05012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236405012.

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The purpose of this study is to develop smart cementitious material by incorporating multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Two different types of carbon nanotubes (CNT) were dispersed using probe ultrasonicator; (i) Pristine CNT (P-CNT), and (ii) Functionalized CNT through annealing (A-CNT). Percolation threshold and optimum content of CNTs were determined by measuring electrical resistivity, porosity, compressive and flexural strengths at various contents of CNTs (0, 0.5 %, 0.75 %, and 1 % with respect to mass of cement). Self-sensing study was also carried out on smart material by relating the electrical properties with cyclic compressive loading. For this purpose, the electrical response was recorded with Wheatstone Bridge (WSB) circuit. The effect of curing and saturation degree of specimens on the resistivity pattern was also discussed. The results of electrical resistivity and mechanical properties showed that the content of CNTs should be at least 0.75 % to develop smart cementitious materials with a significant sensitivity and without detrimental effect on the mechanical properties. Moreover, smart material incorporating pristine CNT provides better sensitivity of self-sensing response as compared to the annealed CNT. Self-sensing test results also showed that with the increase in the content of CNT, sensitivity and repeatability of the sensing response were improved.

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Brenneis, Matthias, and Peter Groche. "Integration of Piezoceramic Tube under Prestress into a Load Carrying Structure." Advanced Materials Research 966-967 (June 2014): 651–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.966-967.651.

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Smart structures consisting of a load carrying structure and smart materials with actuatory and sensory capabilities feature high potential in numerous applications. However, to master the assembly conditions of smart structures, there is a need to integrate additional design parameters such as prestress of the smart material, critical loads and electric contacting as well as insulation into the process development. This paper focusses on the design of an incremental bulk forming process to integrate piezoceramic components into an aluminum tube simultaneously to the manufacturing process. Axial forces imposed on the piezoceramic are investigated numerically and experimentally to verify the design of critical components and the process control. Within this investigation, in situ measurement of the direct piezoelectric effect provides a method to validate the numerical design with regard to failure of the piezo tube and the functional properties of the overall structure.

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Babchenko, A., V. Chernyak, M. Levantovsky, E. Vilge, and L. Babchenko. "Bio-Chemical Sensor Based on Smart Material." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.343.

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In this paper we report results for an intrinsic evanescent field sensor based on nonregular plastic optical fiber with smart polymer film containing Malachite Green MG+([PhC(C6H4NMe2)3]+) as an absorption reagent, which coats the fiber's thermally imperfected area. Thermal imperfections were created by touching the fiber with a heated metal rounded tip. The changes in color and absorption characteristics of the polymer film depend on the acidic and basic environmental properties of the sensing area. An imperfected plastic optical fiber with Malachite Green coating has been presented for the detection of ammonia vapor. We discuss some experimental results that confirm our theoretical predictions. The combination of different thermal imperfection topologies and film’s thickness enabled the design of a bio-chemical sensor with high sensitivity and linearity over a wide measurement range. Additional increase of the evanescent field interaction can be achieved by implementing the imperfection area on a bent fiber.

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Koo, Ja Choon, Hyouk Ryeol Choi, Min Young Jung, Kwang Mok Jung, Jae Do Nam, and Young Kwan Lee. "Design and Control of Three-DOF Dielectric Polymer Actuator." Key Engineering Materials 297-300 (November 2005): 665–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.297-300.665.

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Smart polymer based actuators have demonstrated various benefits over the traditional electromagnetic or piezoelectric-material actuators. One of the most significant contributions of the polymers is its soft actuation mechanisms. Hence morphological freedom for actuator construction benefits production of either small scale complex mechanisms or human-like applications. Although many actuation paradigms of polymer actuators are presented in various publications, no significant contributions are made for investigation of modeling and control methods of the material. In the present work, a smart polymer based actuator is constructed. It is then modeled and analyzed for feasible control scheme selection.

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Wang, Bin, Y. Gu, Hai Cheng Guo, Ai Kah Soh, and Dai Ning Fang. "Optimal Analysis and Application in the Design of Ultra-Light Truss-Core Structures." Advanced Materials Research 33-37 (March 2008): 1399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.33-37.1399.

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A novel method for characterizing a high actuating capability light-weight actuator is described and analyzed. The actuator comprises a truss core and smart face-sheets which result in bending. The deformation of this beam actuator is obtained by changing voltage inside face-sheets made from smart material. Materials selections are discussed for practice, and then optimization is designed to ascertain minimum weight or maximum achievable displacement subject to two types of constrains. Results show the composite trusses have higher stiffness and strength than metal trusses. Comparisons with two corrugated core actuators, the truss-core design has better actuating capability at specified weight.

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Lin, Xueqi, Bing Wang, Shuncong Zhong, Hui Chen, and Dianzi Liu. "Smart driving of a bilayered composite tape-spring structure." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2403, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2403/1/012042.

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Abstract Composite tape-springs (CTS) structure has been applied to spatial developable structures due to its bistability. There is growing interest in smart driving of the CTS-based structures because of the limitations on the working environment. Here, we propose a detailed analysis of the smart driving of the CTS structure. This is achieved by using smart materials to develop a bilayered CTS intelligent structure: the smart material forms the active layer to generate stress/strain to drive the structure; the CTS layer acts as a passive layer where its intrinsic bistability, designability further enriches the diversity of intelligent morphing structures. A theoretical analytical model is developed to anticipate the bistability; the stability criteria are then determined to guide the intelligent morphing design. These will facilitate the future smart driving design of aerospace deployable structures.

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Marasso, Simone Luigi, Matteo Cocuzza, Valentina Bertana, Francesco Perrucci, Alessio Tommasi, Sergio Ferrero, Luciano Scaltrito, and Candido Fabrizio Pirri. "PLA conductive filament for 3D printed smart sensing applications." Rapid Prototyping Journal 24, no. 4 (May 14, 2018): 739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-09-2016-0150.

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Purpose This paper aims to present a study on a commercial conductive polylactic acid (PLA) filament and its potential application in a three-dimensional (3D) printed smart cap embedding a resistive temperature sensor made of this material. The final aim of this study is to add a fundamental block to the electrical characterization of printed conductive polymers, which are promising to mimic the electrical performance of metals and semiconductors. The studied PLA filament demonstrates not only to be suitable for a simple 3D printed concept but also to show peculiar characteristics that can be exploited to fabricate freeform low-cost temperature sensors. Design/methodology/approach The first part is focused on the conductive properties of the PLA filament and its temperature dependency. After obtaining a resistance temperature characteristic of this material, the same was used to fabricate a part of a 3D printed smart cap. Findings An approach to the characterization of the 3D printed conductive polymer has been presented. The major results are related to the definition of resistance vs temperature characteristic of the material. This model was then exploited to design a temperature sensor embedded in a 3D printed smart cap. Practical implications This study demonstrates that commercial conductive PLA filaments can be suitable materials for 3D printed low-cost temperature sensors or constitutive parts of a 3D printed smart object. Originality/value The paper clearly demonstrates that a new generation of 3D printed smart objects can already be obtained using low-cost commercial materials.

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Bocian, Mirosław, Jerzy Kaleta, Daniel Lewandowski, and Michał Przybylski. "DESIGN CONCEPT OF TEST STAND FOR DETERMINING PROPERTIES OF MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL ELASTOMERS." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 7, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2013-0022.

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Abstract Magnetorheological elastomers (MRE) are “SMART” materials that change their mechanical properties under influence of magnetic field. Thanks to that ability it is possible to create adaptive vibration dampers based on the MRE. To test vibration damping abilities of this material special test stand is required. This article presents design concept for such test stand with several options of testing.

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Tan, Wee Choon, Lim Eng Aik, Teoh Thean Hin, Wong Yau Jye, Ahmat Zaki Jamaludin, Muhamad Nur Nai’man Nordin, Siti Sarah Taib, Sufi Suraya, and Tan Poh Choon. "Conceptual design for smart organic waste recycling system." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2051, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2051/1/012042.

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Abstract Composting can reduce the disposition of food waste, but it is a complex and time-consuming process. In order to shorten the processing time of composting, designing a machine that can provide the optimum condition for the decomposition of food material is needed. This paper presents the development of conceptual design for a smart organic waste recycling system. Customer requirements is identified and translated as engineering characteristics. A total of 5 conceptual design is generated. From the Pugh selection chart and weighted decision matrix, the conceptual concept 1 is selected.

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Altomare, Lina, Lorenzo Bonetti, Chiara E. Campiglio, Luigi De Nardo, Lorenza Draghi, Francesca Tana, and Silvia Farè. "Biopolymer-based strategies in the design of smart medical devices and artificial organs." International Journal of Artificial Organs 41, no. 6 (April 3, 2018): 337–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0391398818765323.

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Advances in regenerative medicine and in modern biomedical therapies are fast evolving and set goals causing an upheaval in the field of materials science. This review discusses recent developments involving the use of biopolymers as smart materials, in terms of material properties and stimulus-responsive behavior, in the presence of environmental physico-chemical changes. An overview on the transformations that can be triggered in natural-based polymeric systems (sol–gel transition, polymer relaxation, cross-linking, and swelling) is presented, with specific focus on the benefits these materials can provide in biomedical applications.

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Marques-Lima, Lucas, and Jenny Faucheu. "Heuristic Evaluation of Ambient Devices Using Smart Materials." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 519–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.56.

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AbstractTeaching “calm technology” and “smart materials” as prospective trends in product design is the motivation of the educational workshop presented in this paper. Materials can trigger creative thinking. Indeed, concepts can be generated ideas that come from the encounter with a material showing the material's unexpressed potential. However, a smart material is a complex hybrid object. It is a highly technical matter that requires years of R&D to be developed and matured. It is also a highly social matter, that blurs the traditional boundary between matter and function in a product, creates an experience, and enhances sensations. The workshop presented in this paper is an opportunity for the students to analyze the complexity of user experience related to ambient devices using smart materials. In order to provide a guideline to perform this analysis, an approach based on heuristic evaluation is proposed to the students.

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Popov, Vladimir. "An Approach to Design of DNA Smart Programmable Membranes." Advanced Materials Research 934 (May 2014): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.934.173.

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DNA molecules can be considered as a smart material. In particular, synthetic DNA can reliably self-organize. In this paper, we consider an approach to design of active DNA membranes with two stable states. Our approach is based on the usage of SAT-solvers to find proper set of DNA tiles.

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Dudek, Olaf, Wojciech Klein, Damian Gąsiorek, and Mariusz Pawlak. "Additive Manufacturing of Smart Composite Structures Based on Flexinol Wires." Materials 15, no. 2 (January 10, 2022): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15020499.

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3D printing of a composite structure with shape memory materials requires a special approach to the subject, at the stage of the design and printing process. This paper presents the design steps during the development of a 3D-printed composite structure with shape memory material. The connection points between the SMA fibers and the printer filament are developed in the MATLAB environment. Finite element method is used to simulate the shortening of the shape memory material under the influence of temperature and its effect on the printed polymer material is presented. In the MATLAB environment, evolutionary algorithms were used to determine the shape of the SMA fiber alignment. This work demonstrates the use of shape memory effect in 3D printed smart composite structures, where the component takes a predetermined shape. The structure obtained as a result of such printing changes with the heat generated by the current voltage, making it the desired fourth dimension.

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Yang, Perry Pei-Ju, Annette Wiedenback, Michael Tobey, Yihan Wu, Steven Jige Quan, Yogendra Chauhan, and Jiang Wu. "Material Based Urban Modeling: An Approach to Integrate Smart Materials in a Near-Zero Community Design." Energy Procedia 105 (May 2017): 3765–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.1052.

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Reuter, Markus A., Antoinette van Schaik, Jens Gutzmer, Neill Bartie, and Alejandro Abadías-Llamas. "Challenges of the Circular Economy: A Material, Metallurgical, and Product Design Perspective." Annual Review of Materials Research 49, no. 1 (July 2019): 253–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070218-010057.

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Circular economy's (CE) noble aims maximize resource efficiency (RE) by, for example, extending product life cycles and using wastes as resources. Modern society's vast and increasing amounts of waste and consumer goods, their complexity, and functional material combinations are challenging the viability of the CE despite various alternative business models promising otherwise. The metallurgical processing of CE-enabling technologies requires a sophisticated and agile metallurgical infrastructure. The challenges of reaching a CE are highlighted in terms of, e.g., thermodynamics, transfer processes, technology platforms, digitalization of the processes of the CE stakeholders, and design for recycling (DfR) based on a product (mineral)-centric approach, highlighting the limitations of material-centric considerations. Integrating product-centric considerations into the water, energy, transport, heavy industry, and other smart grid systems will maximize the RE of future smart sustainable cities, providing the fundamental detail for realizing and innovating the United Nation's Sustainability Development Goals.

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Liu, Yuan. "Views about Material Application Trends in Product Design." Advanced Materials Research 933 (May 2014): 984–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.933.984.

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With the booming development of science and technology and the continuous progress of economy, the strategic focus of sustainable development is turning to ecological economy. The theory of people-oriented design becomes the mainstream, and green design, which is environmentally friendly and energy-saving, has become a trend in product design that attracting much attention. This article discusses at the height of humanization design that green material is necessary in future material application of product design, with the starting point of ecodevelopment; Under the theory of people-oriented design, smart material turns into the supporting material in future material selection of high-tech product; advanced composite is the leading trend in material application of future product design. This article will elaborate the future direction and the main trend of material research from the above three aspects.

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Wang, W. J., T. Q. Wang, and J. Tang. "Design of thin low-frequency smart material based on giant magnetostrictive actuator." Materials Research Innovations 18, sup2 (May 2014): S2–299—S2–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1432891714z.000000000416.

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Zupan, Robert J., Jing Xu, Richard V. Beblo, Dale T. Clifford, Ankush Aggarwal, and John C. Brigham. "Computational design optimization of a smart material shape changing building skin tile." Engineering Structures 201 (December 2019): 109839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109839.

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Cole, Jacqueline M., and Ze F. Weng. "Discovery of High-Performance Organic Non-Linear Optical Molecules by Systematic ‘Smart Material’ Design Strategies." Advanced Materials Research 123-125 (August 2010): 959–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.959.

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This paper presents the discovery of a range of high-performance organic non-linear optical (NLO) materials, that arises from ‘smart material’ design and systematic search strategies. This systematization circumvents the previous use of iterative discovery methods, which can only ever afford incremental improvements to currently known NLO materials, and they have no capacity to reveal entirely new classes of suitable NLO materials. This new approach employs data-mining, using the world’s repository of all published organic crystal structures as a representative set of chemical space. Two independent search strategies are implemented, each predicting the best organic NLO materials. The first search method relies on the concept of ‘molecular lego’, taking particular types of molecular fragments that are known to be important constituents of an NLO active material (the ‘lego’), and searching for these through chemical space, with the assistance of graph theory algorithms and systematic enumeration and classification. The second search method uses quantum- mechanical calculations to evaluate the molecular hyperpolarizability, β, of every organic molecule in the aforementioned database. Since β affords the intrinsic measure of NLO output, all organic molecules listed in descending order of  values reflects a ranked list of their NLO potential. The NLO properties of selected materials that are highly-ranked in these two lists were then tested experimentally, using Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering (HRS). The predictions are shown to be borne out by such experiments: HRS results show β0 (static hyperpolarizability) values that are up to 10 x greater than those for the industrial reference Disperse Red 1. Due to the commercial potential of these results, four new classes of NLO materials identified by this study have recently been patented.

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Yu, Yue Min. "Design and Analysis of a Micro-Motion Platform Based on Flexible Mechanism." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 1543–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.1543.

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Piezoelectric materials is a kind of the most common smart materials whose geometric shape can be related to an energy input in the form of electric field. In the application of active materials to electromechanical energy conversion, electrical energy may be input to the material and the resulting deformation of the material can be used to move a load. In this paper, a micro-motion platform is designed based straight circular flexure hinge and driven through piezoelectric ceramic stack. The calculation formula of the natural frequency of the new micro-motion platform structure is derived. From the analysis, the deformation and stress of it are all under allowed value of 65Mn. The results indicate that, the micro-motion platform all are satisfy the need of design.

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Shie, Ming-You, Yu-Fang Shen, Suryani Dyah Astuti, Alvin Kai-Xing Lee, Shu-Hsien Lin, Ni Luh Bella Dwijaksara, and Yi-Wen Chen. "Review of Polymeric Materials in 4D Printing Biomedical Applications." Polymers 11, no. 11 (November 12, 2019): 1864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11111864.

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The purpose of 4D printing is to embed a product design into a deformable smart material using a traditional 3D printer. The 3D printed object can be assembled or transformed into intended designs by applying certain conditions or forms of stimulation such as temperature, pressure, humidity, pH, wind, or light. Simply put, 4D printing is a continuum of 3D printing technology that is now able to print objects which change over time. In previous studies, many smart materials were shown to have 4D printing characteristics. In this paper, we specifically review the current application, respective activation methods, characteristics, and future prospects of various polymeric materials in 4D printing, which are expected to contribute to the development of 4D printing polymeric materials and technology.

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Kleinjan, Johannes Gerard, Alje Geert Dunning, and Justus Laurens Herder. "Design of a Compact Actuated Compliant Elbow Joint." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 14, no. 08 (November 25, 2014): 1440030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455414400306.

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Compactness is a valuable property in designs of assistive devices and exoskeletons. Current devices are large and stigmatizing in the eyes of the users. The cosmetic appearance will increase by reducing the size. The users want a device that is small enough to be worn underneath the clothes, so it becomes unnoticeable. The goals of this paper are (1) to provide an overview of the shape-changing-material-actuated large-deflection compliant rotational joints, (2) provide new introduced performance indicators that evaluate the designs on performance with respect to volume or weight and (3) design a compact active assistive elbow device as a case study. In order to reach these goals, two evolving fields of study are brought together that have great potential to reduce the size of exoskeletons: smart materials and compliant rotational joints. Smart materials have the ability to change their shape, which make them suitable as actuators. Compliant joints can be compact, since they are made out of one piece of material. An overview of shape-changing-material-actuated large-deflection compliant rotational joints is presented. Performance indicators are proposed to evaluate the existing designs and the prototype. As a case study a compact actuated rotational elbow joint is presented. An antagonistic actuator made from shape memory alloy wires is able to carry an external load and to actuate to move the arm to different positions. The compliant joint is optimized to balance the weight of the arm and to auto-align with the rotational axis of the human elbow joint. A prototype is able to generate a volume specific stall torque of 5.77 ⋅ 103 Nm/m3, produces a work density of 7.27 ⋅ 103 J/m3 based on volumes including isolation covers and the half-cycle efficiency of the device is 3.6%. The prototype is able to balance and actuate a torque of 1.1 Nm.

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Arif, Yulia Kurnia, and Nurhaningtyas Agustin. "PENGEMBANGAN BUKU PINTAR CEPAT BACA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA ANAK KELAS 1 SEKOLAH DASAR." PREMIERE : Journal of Islamic Elementary Education 3, no. 2 (April 20, 2022): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.51675/jp.v3i2.200.

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This research is aims to develop teaching materials that meet the needs of students. This teaching material as a learning support to improve students' reading skills so that students are able to read and write. This textbook is in the form of “Quick Read Smart Books”. The procedure for developing this fast-reading smart book consists of three stages, namely Define, Design, Develop. This smart book was assessed by two validators, namely a media expert validator and a material expert validator to determine the feasibility of the product. Then carried out the observation of the implementation of learning to obtain data and determine the practicality of the product. Furthermore, there are pretest-posttest questions and student response questionnaires to determine the effectiveness of the product.

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Tran, Tuan Sang, Rajkamal Balu, Srinivas Mettu, Namita Roy Choudhury, and Naba Kumar Dutta. "4D Printing of Hydrogels: Innovation in Material Design and Emerging Smart Systems for Drug Delivery." Pharmaceuticals 15, no. 10 (October 19, 2022): 1282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15101282.

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Advancements in the material design of smart hydrogels have transformed the way therapeutic agents are encapsulated and released in biological environments. On the other hand, the expeditious development of 3D printing technologies has revolutionized the fabrication of hydrogel systems for biomedical applications. By combining these two aspects, 4D printing (i.e., 3D printing of smart hydrogels) has emerged as a new promising platform for the development of novel controlled drug delivery systems that can adapt and mimic natural physio-mechanical changes over time. This allows printed objects to transform from static to dynamic in response to various physiological and chemical interactions, meeting the needs of the healthcare industry. In this review, we provide an overview of innovation in material design for smart hydrogel systems, current technical approaches toward 4D printing, and emerging 4D printed novel structures for drug delivery applications. Finally, we discuss the existing challenges in 4D printing hydrogels for drug delivery and their prospects.

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Yu, Yue Min. "Design and Analysis of a XY Micro-Motion Stage Based on S Type Flexible Mechanism." Applied Mechanics and Materials 635-637 (September 2014): 1216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.635-637.1216.

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Piezoelectric materials is a kind of the most common smart materials whose geometric shape can be related to an energy input in the form of electric field. In the application of active materials to electromechanical energy conversion, electrical energy may be input to the material and the resulting deformation of the material can be used to move a load. In this paper, a XY micro-motion stage is designed based s type flexure mechanism and driven through piezoelectric ceramic stack. From the analysis, it can achieve X direction 6.5μm, Y direction 9.7μm micro-displacement output.The results indicate that, the XY micro-motion stage all are satisfy the need of design.

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Akgol, Oguzhan, and Hatice Unal. "Metamaterial-based multifunctional sensor design for moisture, concrete aging and ethanol density sensing applications." Modern Physics Letters B 32, no. 23 (August 17, 2018): 1850271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984918502718.

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We have designed and developed a metamaterial (MTM)-based multipurpose sensor structure capable of sensing moisture, liquid (ethyl alcohol-ethanol-in our case) density in pure water and the concrete aging. The structure is composed of a rectangular shape MTM cell resonator which can be adjusted to any desired frequency range depending on the application area and the material to be sensed. The material is put into a plastic rectangular pipe placed in a hole located in the middle of the structure. Depending on the response of the proposed model to the electromagnetic properties of the material under test (MUT), overall resonance frequency shifts providing the information to accurately estimate the soil moisture, concrete age and density rate of the sensed liquid samples in real time. The resonance frequency has been carefully chosen so that the MUT has a linear variation in its electromagnetic response behaviors. It is aimed for future studies to adjust the structure for designing a portable multipurpose sensor device and even adjust it to smart phones and sense the materials by simply using smart phones and a small amount of sample in high efficiency.

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Song, Ruiyu. "The Progress of Magnetoactive Origami Structures." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2230, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2230/1/012024.

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Abstract Contemporarily, smart materials are utilized for origami fabrication to achieve self-assembly under external stimulation. This technique provides a method to realize remote control of origami structures that can be applied to a variety of areas, e.g., biomedicine and robotics. Thereinto, magnetoactive origami structures were demonstrated in many studies, including the fields of medicine, soft robotics, biotic structure. Their design and manufacture incorporate structural mechanisms, material and additive manufacturing technology, as well as control strategies. This review summarizes existing magnetoactive origami structures as well as their materials and properties. Besides, potential directions and development suggestions are proposed for researchers in the fields of both origami structure and smart magneto-sensitive smart soft materials.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Smart material design'

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