Relevant bibliographies by topics / Smart instruments; Intelligent sensors

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Smart instruments; Intelligent sensors'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Smart instruments; Intelligent sensors"

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Helmer, Richard J. N., Michael A. Mestrovic, Damian Farrow, Stuart Lucas, and Wayne Spratford. "Smart Textiles: Position and Motion Sensing for Sport, Entertainment and Rehabilitation." Advances in Science and Technology 60 (September 2008): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.60.144.

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Innovation in textiles and clothing has embodied various combinations of new and existing materials to meet conventional needs of comfort and fashion. Interactive and intelligent textiles are emerging as many new textile materials are being used to form sensors in garments to intimately interact with the human form. Interactive textiles typically contain sensors located within a garment to detect physiological functions that are wirelessly connected to digital infrastructure and application specific software. These devices can be realised in conventional garments and have scope for application in diverse fields including entertainment, education, sport, military and medicine. Position and Motion Sensing devices will be discussed for each application, in terms of the value proposition, performance requirements, regulations, and existing technology. A case study of an entertainment device that uses limb motion to achieve an imaginary instrument, the Wearable Instrument Shirt (WIS) will be discussed in this context. The WIS combines a wearable sensor interface with software to map gestures and audio data files to form an easy-to-use gesture driven instrument that allows real-time interactive musical performances without any need for significant instrument or computer skills.
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García-Moreno, Francisco M., Estefanía Rodríguez-García, María José Rodríguez-Fórtiz, José Luis Garrido, María Bermúdez-Edo, Carmen Villaverde-Gutiérrez, and José Manuel Pérez-Mármol. "Designing a Smart Mobile Health System for Ecological Frailty Assessment in Elderly." Proceedings 31, no. 1 (November 20, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019031041.

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The increasing adoption of mobile computing technology in the health and social domains offers new possibilities, for instance, promoting active aging. Health deterioration in elderly people could be successfully assessed by monitoring activities of daily living (ADLs) through mobile technology. In particular, frailty affects several dimensions (physical, psychological, and social) of human functioning, which are required to perform instrumental ADLs (IADLs). Starting from the definition of a model, this paper proposes the design of an intelligent mobile health system to assess frailty in an ecological way: to automatize the frailty assessment through wearable sensors, unobtrusively in free-living environments, and using machine learning in order to reduce the traditional efforts of clinicians assessing frailty. It supports automatic data collection from sensors and artificial intelligence analysis during the performance of real IADLs by elderly. The proposed system uses mobile/wearable devices, follows a microservices software architecture, and implements machine learning algorithms. A technical validation of the proposal is shown.
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Leng, Jin Song. "Multi-Functional Soft Smart Materials and their Applications." Advanced Materials Research 410 (November 2011): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.410.25.

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Stimulus-active polymers can change their shapes with respect to configuration or dimension upon exposure to a particular stimulus such as heat, electricity, light, magnetic, solvent and pH value. These unique characteristics enable stimulus-active polymers to be used in a myriad of fields, including clothing manufacturing, automobile engineering, medical treatment, and aerospace engineering. Stimulus-active polymers can be applied in smart textiles and apparels, intelligent medical instruments and auxiliaries, artificial muscles, biomimetic devices, heat shrinkable materials for electronics packaging, micro-electro-mechanical systems, self-deployable sun sails in spacecrafts, miniature manipulator, actuators and sensors, and many more. This paper presents some recent progress of soft smart materials and their applications. Special emphasis is focused upon shape memory polymer (SMP), electro-active polymer (EAP) for aerospace engineering such as space deployable structures and morphing aircraft, which has highlighted the need for development of these materials. A detailed overview of development in these smart soft materials, of which the undergoing and future applications are used in adaptive structures and active control, is presented. The paper concludes with a short discussion for multi-functional soft smart materials and their composites that are expected to extend the range of development and applications available to the related researches and engineers.
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Hong, Qingqi, Yiwei Ding, Jinpeng Lin, Meihong Wang, Qingyang Wei, Xianwei Wang, and Ming Zeng. "Image-Based Automatic Watermeter Reading under Challenging Environments." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020434.

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With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and fifth-generation mobile network technologies, automatic instrument reading has become an increasingly important topic for intelligent sensors in smart cities. We propose a full pipeline to automatically read watermeters based on a single image, using deep learning methods to provide new technical support for an intelligent water meter reading. To handle the various challenging environments where watermeters reside, our pipeline disentangled the task into individual subtasks based on the structures of typical watermeters. These subtasks include component localization, orientation alignment, spatial layout guidance reading, and regression-based pointer reading. The devised algorithms for orientation alignment and spatial layout guidance are tailored to improve the robustness of our neural network. We also collect images of watermeters in real scenes and build a dataset for training and evaluation. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method even under challenging environments with varying lighting, occlusions, and different orientations. Thanks to the lightweight algorithms adopted in our pipeline, the system can be easily deployed and fully automated.
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Hong, Qingqi, Yiwei Ding, Jinpeng Lin, Meihong Wang, Qingyang Wei, Xianwei Wang, and Ming Zeng. "Image-Based Automatic Watermeter Reading under Challenging Environments." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020434.

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With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and fifth-generation mobile network technologies, automatic instrument reading has become an increasingly important topic for intelligent sensors in smart cities. We propose a full pipeline to automatically read watermeters based on a single image, using deep learning methods to provide new technical support for an intelligent water meter reading. To handle the various challenging environments where watermeters reside, our pipeline disentangled the task into individual subtasks based on the structures of typical watermeters. These subtasks include component localization, orientation alignment, spatial layout guidance reading, and regression-based pointer reading. The devised algorithms for orientation alignment and spatial layout guidance are tailored to improve the robustness of our neural network. We also collect images of watermeters in real scenes and build a dataset for training and evaluation. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method even under challenging environments with varying lighting, occlusions, and different orientations. Thanks to the lightweight algorithms adopted in our pipeline, the system can be easily deployed and fully automated.
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Shoushtari, M. A., and H. Sadeghi-Niaraki. "Ubiquitous Total Station Development using Smartphone, RSSI and Laser Sensor providing service to Ubi-GIS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-2/W3 (October 22, 2014): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-2-w3-237-2014.

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The growing trend in technological advances and Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) has targeted for intelligent human lives. Accordingly, Ubiquitous Computing Approach was proposed by Mark Weiser. This paper proposes an ubiquitous surveying solution in Geometrics and surveying field. Ubiquitous Surveying provides cost-effective, smart and available surveying techniques while traditional surveying equipment are so expensive and have small availability specially in indoor and daily surveying jobs. In order to have a smart surveying instrument, different information technology methods and tools like Triangle method, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) method and laser sensor are used. These new ways in combine with surveying equations introduces a modern surveying equipment called Ubi-Total Station that also employed different sensors embedded in smartphone and mobile stand. RSSI-based localization and Triangle method technique are easy and well known methods to predict the position of an unknown node in indoor environments whereas additional measures are required for a sufficient accuracy. <br><br> In this paper the main goal is to introduce the Ubiquitous Total Station as a development in smart and ubiquitous GIS. In order to public use of the surveying equipment, design and implementation of this instrument has been done. Conceptual model of Smartphone-based system is designed for this study and based on this model, an Android application as a first sample is developed. Finally the evaluations shows that absolute errors in X and Y calculation are 0.028 and 0.057 meter respectively. Also RMSE of 0.26 was calculated in RSSI method for distance measurement. The high price of traditional equipment and their requirement for professional surveyors has given way to intelligent surveying. In the suggested system, smartphones can be used as tools for positioning and coordinating geometric information of objects.
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Saleem, Khizra, Imran Sarwar Bajwa, Nadeem Sarwar, Waheed Anwar, and Amna Ashraf. "IoT Healthcare: Design of Smart and Cost-Effective Sleep Quality Monitoring System." Journal of Sensors 2020 (October 24, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8882378.

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Getting quality sleep is important for every person to get better physical health. Irregular sleep patterns may indicate the illness resulting in chronic depression, which makes the evaluation of the sleep cycle mandatory for a healthy body and mind. In the arena of globalization, along with the increased facilities, various other challenges have been probed to provide the quality health care facilities with the use of economical instruments and technology. The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology purports the preambles to build a consistent and cost-effective system to monitor the sleep quality of patients. Several other systems are available for this purpose; however, such systems are very costly and difficult to implement. To overcome the issue, this study suggests an inventive system to monitor and analyze the sleep patterns using ambient parameters. The proposed system is effective enough that it can proficiently monitor patient’s sleep using Commercial off the Shelf (COS) sensors as well as predicts the results using the intelligent capability of the random forest model. The patient’s bio status including physical movement of the body, heartbeat, SPO2 level (oxygen saturation in the blood for the proper functioning of the body), and snoring patterns could be measured through this system, in which recorded data is transmitted to the computer system in a real-time environment. This system consists of two parts. One part consists of analyzing the behavior of data using the intelligent technique of the random forest model and decision rules in a real-time environment. This real-time analysis notifies the caretaker about the situation of the patient. In the second part, batch data processing is performed which allows the detailed analysis of data using statistical methods to produce the overall condition of the patient in a specified interval of time. Through the proposed system, we can easily measure the sleep patterns of patients and provide them with better treatment by using this simple and cost-effective system. The result of the conducted research shows that the proposed technique provides 95% accuracy. The patient’s sleep data is used to test this method through the validation of manual results, which provides the minimum error rate. This study highlights the implementation of an intelligent and smart sleep quality monitoring system using IoT on a variant number of people with minimum expense rate.
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Austerjost, Jonas, Marc Porr, Noah Riedel, Dominik Geier, Thomas Becker, Thomas Scheper, Daniel Marquard, Patrick Lindner, and Sascha Beutel. "Introducing a Virtual Assistant to the Lab: A Voice User Interface for the Intuitive Control of Laboratory Instruments." SLAS TECHNOLOGY: Translating Life Sciences Innovation 23, no. 5 (July 18, 2018): 476–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2472630318788040.

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The introduction of smart virtual assistants (VAs) and corresponding smart devices brought a new degree of freedom to our everyday lives. Voice-controlled and Internet-connected devices allow intuitive device controlling and monitoring from all around the globe and define a new era of human–machine interaction. Although VAs are especially successful in home automation, they also show great potential as artificial intelligence-driven laboratory assistants. Possible applications include stepwise reading of standard operating procedures (SOPs) and recipes, recitation of chemical substance or reaction parameters to a control, and readout of laboratory devices and sensors. In this study, we present a retrofitting approach to make standard laboratory instruments part of the Internet of Things (IoT). We established a voice user interface (VUI) for controlling those devices and reading out specific device data. A benchmark of the established infrastructure showed a high mean accuracy (95% ± 3.62) of speech command recognition and reveals high potential for future applications of a VUI within the laboratory. Our approach shows the general applicability of commercially available VAs as laboratory assistants and might be of special interest to researchers with physical impairments or low vision. The developed solution enables a hands-free device control, which is a crucial advantage within the daily laboratory routine.
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De Marino, Elvira, Cristina Chesta, Elisabetta Rugge, Paola Ferrari, Teresa Posca, Sara Lattuada, Renata Torazzo, Sabrina Rossetti, and Alessandra Di Cola. "A fall prevention and detection project: Preliminary results." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 30_suppl (October 20, 2014): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.30_suppl.142.

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142 Background: Falls often causes serious injury to cancer patients (PTS) and hospital costs account for two thirds of the total. Fall prevention and detection (FAPRE) project was planned to develop a new technology in three steps: first to identify potential high risk fallers (HRF) by Timed Up and Go (TUG) test; second to compare TUG with Conley Scale and third to hospitalize HRF in monitoring room equipped with a network of smart sensors that can identify person’s location, fall or lack of balance and posture connected by smartphone alerting watch nurse. Aim of this study is to describe general characteristic of HRF by TUG and to determine how new test instruments can identify them. Methods: A nurse performed TUG in ambulatory room equipped with pressure sensors on the floor (intelligent carpet), webcam, home gateway, WI-FI router and smartphone. PTS were required to sign informed consent. HRF were identified by TUG test >12 seconds. Results: From January to March a series of 99 consecutive PTS enter the trial, performance status ECOG < 2, age: median 73, range 34-87, 50 males and 49 females. All PTS underwent TUG and were evaluable. There were 11 hematologic (H) and 88 solid tumors (ST); 45/88 ST had metastatic disease; 97/99 were treating by chemotherapy, 2 by palliative care. Six PTS had brain metastasis and 9 bone; 33/99 had previous pathological fractures. Comorbidity: 14/99 diabetes and 33/99 hypertension 10/99 were taking psychoactive drugs, 22 were treated with opiate and 5 both. HRF identified by TUG were 44%; there were 27% H, 46% ST and 75% were older then 70 years. Previous pathological fracture in long bone were 14/33; bone metastasis (BM) 7/9; brain metastasis 3/6. HRF taking only psychoactive drugs were 5//10 and 17/22 opiate; 5/5 both. Conclusions: TUG detected HFR more frequently in ST, elderly with BM and previous long bone fractures treating by opiate and hypertension. Identify HRF by new integrated room automation FAPRE infrastructure seems a simple, reliable and manageable approach at preliminary data. Trial is ongoing and carrying on next step.
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Newnham, Robert E. "Smart, Very Smart, and Intelligent Materials." MRS Bulletin 18, no. 4 (April 1993): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400037313.

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One of the qualities that distinguishes living systems from inanimate matter is the ability to adapt to changes in the environment. Smart materials have the ability to perform both sensing and actuating functions and are, therefore, capable of imitating this rudimentary aspect of life. Poled piezoelectric ceramics, for instance, are capable of acting as both sensor and actuator. External forces are detected through the direct piezoelectric effect, and a response is elicited through the converse piezoelectric effect, in which a voltage of suitable phase, frequency, and amplitude is applied to the same ceramic.In this special issue, emphasis is placed on actuators, with articles on piezoelectric, electrostrictive, magnetostrictive, and shape memory materials. This is not to say that sensor materials are any less important; it is simply a matter of space. Optical fiber sensors, chemical sensors, thermistors, micromachined semiconductors, and other smart materials deserve special issues of their own.Smart materials can be conveniently subdivided into passively smart materials that respond to external change without assistance, and actively smart materials that utilize a feedback loop enabling them to both recognize the change and initiate an appropriate response through an actuator circuit.Zinc oxide varistors are passively smart materials capable of self-protection against high voltage breakdown. When struck by lightning, the ceramic varistor loses most of its electrical resistance, and the current is bypassed to ground. The resistance change is reversible, and acts as a standby protection phenomenon.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Smart instruments; Intelligent sensors"

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Alsop, Peter. "The self-validating process actuator." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308676.

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Pernegger, Heinz, Norbert Wermes, Luigi Mele, Mar Capeans, Ettore Zaffaroni, Barbara Mehner, and Ingrid Jonak-Auer. "Innovating Advanced Radiation Instruments." Publishers Communication Group (PCG), 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6507/1/s19.pdf.

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STREAM is a 4-year multi-site training network that aims at career development of Early Stage Researchers (ESRs) on scientific design, construction manufacturing and of advanced radiation instrumentation. STREAM targets the development of innovative radiation-hard, smart CMOS sensor technologies for scientific and industrial applications. The platform technology developed within the project will be tested in the demanding conditions posed by the CERN LHC detectors' environment as well as European industry leaders in the field of CMOS imaging, electron microscopy and radiation sensors. This leveraging factor will allow to fine-tune the technology to meet the requirements of industrial application cases on demand such as electron microscopy and medical X-ray imaging, as well as pathway towards novel application fields such as satellite environments, industrial X-ray systems and near-infrared imaging. The project will train a new generation of creative, entrepreneurial and innovative early-stage researchers and widen their academic career and employment opportunities. The STREAM consortium is composed of 10 research organisations and 5 industrial partners; the network will provide training to 17 ESRs. STREAM structures the research and training in four scientific work-packages which span the whole value-chain from research to application: CMOS Technologies Assessment, Smart Sensor Design and Layout, Validation and Qualification, Technology Integration, and Valorization.
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Shea, Edward. "Calibration of Snowmaking Equipment for Efficient Use on Virginia's Smart Road." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44622.

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Virginia's Smart Road, to be completed by early 2000, is a test bed for numerous research activities including snow and ice control, remote sensor testing, snow removal management, safety and human factors, and vehicle dynamics. An all-weather testing system will feature 75 automated snowmaking towers. In order to provide timely and repeatable weather scenarios, equipment operators will need to understand fully the limitations and capabilities of the snowmaking system. The research presented herein addresses the hydraulic and hydrologic variables and design methodology to implement efficient snowmaking at a transportation research facility. Design variables include nozzle configuration, water pressure and flowrate, compressed air pressure and flowrate, tower orientation, snow inducer concentration, water and compressed air temperature, and ambient weather conditions. Testing and data collection was performed at the Snow Economics, Inc. research and development site at Seven Springs Mountain Resort in Champion, PA. The results of this work will be used to guide the operators of the Smart Road on the most efficient use of the snowmaking equipment.
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Oliveira, Alex Lopes de. "Instrumentação inteligente via web services." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3140/tde-13122006-150545/.

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Neste trabalho é apresentado um sistema de instrumentação inteligente integrado com a arquitetura Web Services e desenvolvido em conformidade com as diretrizes estabelecidas na norma IEEE 1451.1. O protocolo de transmissão de dados do sistema é associado ao conceito das especificações dos transdutores e a um Web Service que permita a configuração remota do sistema de aquisição de dados. Através de uma interface de supervisão remota, acessível via Internet a partir de qualquer navegador, o usuário é capaz de identificar quais são os sensores inteligentes que estão conectados em uma rede, através de uma identificação única associada às suas características (tipo, formatação dos dados, etc.). Nesta mesma interface de apresentação o usuário tem a liberdade de selecionar o número de sensores que deseja ativar para efetuar algum monitoramento. Após a seleção dos sensores é disponibilizada uma interface de monitoramento que permite a visualização dos dados através de um gráfico bem como permite ao usuário salvar em um arquivo texto os dados coletados. Na mesma interface de monitoramento é disponibilizado o Web Service que permite alterar o intervalo de coleta de dados. Um conjunto de computadores em uma rede local (Intranet) simula a rede de sensores inteligentes. Nesta mesma rede está conectado o servidor responsável pela disponibilização da interface de supervisão remota.
In this work is presented the integration of an established system of intelligent instrumentation with the Web Service?s architecture, in accordance with the IEEE 1451.1 standard. It is suggested the association of a data-communication protocol with the concept of Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) to a Web Service for making possible the remote configuration of a data acquisition system. Through a remote supervisor interface, accessible via Internet from any browser, the user can, at the first moment, identify which are the smart sensors connected in a network, using an unique identification associated to its characteristics (type, data formatting, etc.). In the same graphical interface the user can choose which sensors wants to monitor and, after the selection, will have available the monitoring interface that enables data visualization through a graph and allows the user to save the collected data in a text file. In the same monitoring interface the Web Service is also available; it admits modifications on the data collection interval. A group of computers in a local network (Intranet) simulates the smart sensors network. In the same network is connected a server responsible for supplying the remote supervisor interface.
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Hoopes, Daniel Matthew. "The ContexTable: Building and Testing an Intelligent, Context-Aware Kitchen Table." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2004. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/12.

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The purpose of this thesis was to design and evaluate The ContexTable, a context-aware system built into a kitchen table. After establishing the current status of the field of context-aware systems and the hurdles and problems being faced, a functioning prototype system was designed and built. The prototype makes it possible to explore established, untested theory and novel solutions to problems faced in the field.
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Welte, Anthony. "Spatio-temporal data fusion for intelligent vehicle localization." Thesis, Compiègne, 2020. http://bibliotheque.utc.fr/EXPLOITATION/doc/IFD/2020COMP2572.

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La localisation précise constitue une brique essentielle permettant aux véhicules de naviguer de manière autonome sur la route. Cela peut être atteint à travers les capteurs déjà existants, de nouvelles technologies (Iidars, caméras intelligentes) et des cartes haute définition. Dans ce travail, l'intérêt d'enregistrer et réutiliser des informations sauvegardées en mémoire est exploré. Les systèmes de localisation doivent permettre une estimation à haute fréquence, des associations de données, de la calibration et de la détection d'erreurs. Une architecture composée de plusieurs couches de traitement est proposée et étudiée. Une couche principale de filtrage estime la pose tandis que les autres couches abordent les problèmes plus complexes. L'estimation d'état haute fréquence repose sur des mesures proprioceptives. La calibration du système est essentielle afin d'obtenir une pose précise. En gardant les états estimés et les observations en mémoire, les modèles d'observation des capteurs peuvent être calibrés à partir des estimations lissées. Les Iidars et les caméras intelligentes fournissent des mesures qui peuvent être utilisées pour la localisation mais soulèvent des problèmes d'association de données. Dans cette thèse, le problème est abordé à travers une fenêtre spatio-temporelle, amenant une image plus détaillée de l'environnement. Le buffer d'états est ajusté avec les observations et toutes les associations possibles. Bien que l'utilisation d'amers cartographiés permette d'améliorer la localisation, cela n'est possible que si la carte est fiable. Une approche utilisant les résidus lissés a posteriori a été développée pour détecter ces changements de carte
Localization is an essential basic capability for vehicles to be able to navigate autonomously on the road. This can be achieved through already available sensors and new technologies (Iidars, smart cameras). These sensors combined with highly accurate maps result in greater accuracy. In this work, the benefits of storing and reusing information in memory (in data buffers) are explored. Localization systems need to perform a high-frequency estimation, map matching, calibration and error detection. A framework composed of several processing layers is proposed and studied. A main filtering layer estimates the vehicle pose while other layers address the more complex problems. High-frequency state estimation relies on proprioceptive measurements combined with GNSS observations. Calibration is essential to obtain an accurate pose. By keeping state estimates and observations in a buffer, the observation models of these sensors can be calibrated. This is achieved using smoothed estimates in place of a ground truth. Lidars and smart cameras provide measurements that can be used for localization but raise matching issues with map features. In this work, the matching problem is addressed on a spatio-temporal window, resulting in a more detailed pictur of the environment. The state buffer is adjusted using the observations and all possible matches. Although using mapped features for localization enables to reach greater accuracy, this is only true if the map can be trusted. An approach using the post smoothing residuals has been developed to detect changes and either mitigate or reject the affected features
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Serra, Renan. "Développement et caractérisation d'un système de sol piézoélectrique intelligent : application à la détection des chutes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD018.

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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le domaine de la conception et de la réalisation de systèmes intelligents, associés à une technologie de capteurs sol. Elle vise à concevoir un outil automatisé et intelligent destiné à détecter principalement les chutes de personnes âgées en milieu hospitalier, afin de fournir une information supplémentaire au personnel soignant. Premièrement, les différentes technologies de capteurs appliquées aux revêtements de sol ont été étudiées. Parmi les technologies recensées, les capteurs piézoélectriques planaires en polymères ont été retenus pour l’élaboration du système intelligent. Ensuite, la caractérisation de la solution technique retenue a permis de définir les conditions et limites d’utilisation du capteur. Les aspects de robustesse et de durabilités ont été évalués à l’aide de méthodes développées à ces effets. Enfin, des algorithmes de détection ont été développés en vue de détecter les chutes, les pas et la présence de personnes sur des surfaces délimitées par le système. Des stratégies de classification basées sur la corrélation de Pearson, des algorithmes d’apprentissages ou des algorithmes à seuils ont été utilisés
This thesis is part of the field of design and elaboration of smart systems combined with a flooring sensor technology. The main objective deal with the design of an automated and smart tool to detect falls of elderly people in hospitals or nursing homes, in order to provide additional information to healthcare workers. First, various sensor technologies applied to floor covering have been studied. Among the technologies identified, piezoelectric planar polymer sensors have been chosen for the development of the smart system. Then, the characterization of the validated technical solution allows to define conditions and limits of use of the sensor. The robustness and durability were evaluated using methods that were specifically developed to address these aspects. Finally, detection algorithms have been developed to detect falls, footsteps and presence of people on our sensors. Classification strategies based on Pearson’s correlation, machine learning algorithms or threshold based algorithm have been used
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Kovařík, Viktor. "IoT systém pro domácnost." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417285.

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The aim of this thesis was to learn and summarize basic information about IoT systems, which protocols are used and introduction of Google Home system. The first part of the thesis describes the individual parts of the system --- microcontrollers, sensors, light elements and possible systems for backend. In the implementation part of the thesis was designed a solution for smart home controling using Google Home technology. Based on data from the weather station, the system controls and adjusts the intensity of outdoor lighting and controls the blinds. Furthermore, a control module for gate and garage door control is implemented. The system also takes care of vacuum cleaning in the house using iRobot Roomba vacuum cleaners with custom Wi-Fi module. The final part of the thesis summarizes the achieved results.
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Holloway, Seth Michael. "Simplifying the programming of intelligent environments." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-3368.

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In the future, computers will be virtually everywhere: carried by everyone and integrated into the environment. The increased computation and communication capabilities will enable intelligent environments that react to occupants through automated decision-making. Devices (sensors and actuators) are the key to making intelligent environments a reality. We believe that devices must be made more approachable for average users. Existing approaches to application development for intelligent environments require detailed knowledge about devices and their low-leveling programming interfaces, which greatly limits the number of potential users. Instead of limiting users, we must enable everyone to program the devices around them. Intelligent environments will not be commonplace until average people can set up and manage the hardware and software necessary for their personalized applications. In simplifying the programming of intelligent environments, we first made sensors and actuators accessible to average programmers then extended our work to end-users. We term the former contribution Sensor Enablement for Average Programmers (SEAP); the latter work is Sensor Enablement for End-Users (SEEU). In our experience, devices’ disparate, niche programming languages and communication protocols presented great difficulty in developing intelligent environments. To ease the development effort for average programmers, we abstracted and standardized complex sensor and actuator interactions, allowing users to instead think in terms of well-understood web applications. Users have said that SEAP is easy-to-use and exciting. But what about average people, end-users? We found that end-users are incredibly interested in intelligent environments. By engaging end-users we can create intelligent environments even faster and allow domain experts to tailor their environment. This dissertation’s second contribution, Sensor Enablement for End-Users (SEEU) provides a visual programming interface that allows users to create personalized automated behaviors given available devices and data. We performed several user studies to uncover people’s desires for intelligent environments and determine the best interface for managing an intelligent environment. SEEU combines an intuitive interface with the power and flexibility of SEAP. SEEU is a usable end-user programming framework that allows average people to create useful applications for their intelligent environments. With SEEU and SEAP, we simplified the development of intelligent environments, reducing barriers to adoption of emerging sensing and actuation technologies. We demonstrated the feasability with a series of user studies.
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Books on the topic "Smart instruments; Intelligent sensors"

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W, Chapman Paul. Smart sensors. Research Triangle Park, N.C: ISA, 1996.

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Horn, Gert van der. Integrated smart sensors: Design and calibration. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998.

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Bakker, Anton. High-accuracy CMOS smart temperature sensors. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.

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Intelligent instrumentation: Principles and applications. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2010.

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Networks, IEE Professional. Intelligent and self-validating instruments (sensors and actuators): Seminar : Friday 14 December 2001, IEE, Savoy Place. London]: IEE Professional Networks, 2001.

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Klaus, Moessner, Presser Mirko, Meissner Stefan, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Smart Sensing and Context: 4th European Conference, EuroSSC 2009, Guildford, UK, September 16-18, 2009. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009.

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Meijer, Gerard, Kofi Makinwa, and Michiel Pertijs. Smart Sensor Systems: Emerging Technologies and Applications. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2014.

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Smart Sensor Systems: Emerging Technologies and Applications. Wiley, 2014.

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Integrated Smart Sensors. Springer My Copy UK, 1997.

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Xhafa, Fatos, Fang-Yie Leu, and Li-Ling Hung. Smart Sensors Networks: Communication Technologies and Intelligent Applications. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2017.

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Book chapters on the topic "Smart instruments; Intelligent sensors"

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Shen, Po-Chun, Kuan-Hung Chen, Jui-Sheng Lee, Guan-Yu Chen, Yi-Ting Lin, Bing-Yang Cheng, Guo-An Jian, Hsiu-Cheng Chang, Wei-Ming Lu, and Jiun-In Guo. "Intelligent Vision Processing Technology for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems." In Smart Sensors and Systems, 175–206. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33201-7_8.

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Bosboom, Matthijs, Martijn van Wijngaarden, Rolf Evenblij, Paolo Bettini, Theodoros Loutas, Vassilis Kostopoulos, Dimitrios Habas, et al. "Ribbon Tapes, Shape Sensors, and Hardware." In Smart Intelligent Aircraft Structures (SARISTU), 349–406. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22413-8_18.

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Maurya, Praveen, S. F. Ali, and N. Mandal. "A Smart Flow Transmitter Using Ultrasonic Sensors." In Algorithms for Intelligent Systems, 131–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3368-3_13.

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Al-Aubidy, Kasim M., and Mokhles M. Abdulghani. "Towards Intelligent Control of Electric Wheelchairs for Physically Challenged People." In Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation, 225–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71221-1_11.

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Gopal, Jagadeesh, E. Sathiyamoorthy, and R. Mohamad Ayaaz. "Monitoring Individual Medical Record by Using Wearable Body Sensors." In Smart Intelligent Computing and Applications, 355–63. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1927-3_38.

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Chu, J., N. Niguchi, and K. Hirata. "Hybrid Artificial Intelligent Control for Feedback Control of Outer Rotor Spherical Actuator." In Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation, 253–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12898-6_13.

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Abid, Rabeb, Firas Hamden, Mohamed Amine Matmati, and Nabil Derbel. "Fuzzy Control of an Intelligent Electric Wheelchair Using an EMOTIV EPOC Headset." In Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation, 261–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71221-1_12.

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Ferreira, Aida Araujo, Gilmar Gonçalves de Brito, Meuse Nogueira de Oliveira Junior, Gabriel Vanderlei, Samuel Simoes, Ian Karlo, Iona Maria Beltrao Rameh Barbosa, and Ronaldo Ribeiro Barbosa de Aquino. "Low Power Area Network Sensors for Smart Parking." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 893–908. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32520-6_64.

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Kolluru, R., R. Loganantharaj, S. Smith, P. Bayyapu, G. LaBauve, James Spencer, Jeffery Hooker, Steve Simmons, and T. Hebert. "Design and Development of Autonomous Intelligence Smart Sensors." In Intelligent Problem Solving. Methodologies and Approaches, 306–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45049-1_37.

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Verma, Ayushi, Rahul Roy, Alo Sen, and Satya Ranjan Dash. "Monitoring Fluid Level in Fluid Bags of Patient through Wireless Sensors in Hospital." In Smart Intelligent Computing and Applications, 153–61. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9282-5_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Smart instruments; Intelligent sensors"

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Tse, Peter W., and Ling S. He. "Web and Virtual Instrument Based Machine Remote Sensing, Monitoring and Fault Diagnostic System." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/vib-21648.

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Abstract Failure of equipment not only leads to loss of production, but also, in some serious situations, causes human casualty. Hence, the need of equipment condition monitoring becomes crucial for reliable operations. Since expensive hardware instruments are needed for condition monitoring, with the current powerful PCs, software based virtual instruments are possible to replace hardware instruments. However, the software must be maintained for each PC, and a technician must still visit the site of the PC and its monitored equipment. By connecting the PC to the Internet, remote sensing and equipment fault diagnosing are possible. As only one copy of software for each type of virtual instrument is required on the server, the maintenance of virtual instrument is much easier and substantial cost of hardware instruments is reduced. Moreover, remote collaborative maintenance becomes feasible as worldwide experts can provide just-in-time advice to technicians via the Web. With the new standards of IEEE 1451.2 for smart transducers, the new sensors are self-Web-ready. Sensor manufacturers, such as Hewlett Packard and Bruel & Kjaer, have proclaimed their next generation sensors are self-Web-ready. Therefore, the development of a Web-based maintenance is a must in the near future. This paper presents the design and development of a solution and a platform for the Web-based remote collaborative diagnosis and maintenance. It consists of remote data sensing and logging, signal analysis using virtual instruments, and intelligent fault diagnosis and prognosis.
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Dong, Xinjun, Dapeng Zhu, Yang Wang, Jerome P. Lynch, and R. Andrew Swartz. "Design and Validation of Acceleration Measurement Using the Martlet Wireless Sensing System." In ASME 2014 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2014-7611.

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The adoption of wireless sensing technology by the structural health monitoring community has shown advantages over traditional cable-based systems, such as convenient sensor installation and lower system cost in many applications. Recently, a new generation of wireless sensing platform, named Martlet, has been collaboratively developed by researchers at the University of Michigan, Georgia Tech, and Michigan Tech. Martlet adopts a Texas Instruments Piccolo microcontroller running up to 90 MHz clock frequency, which enables Martlet to support high-frequency data acquisition and high-speed onboard computation. The extensible design of the Martlet printed circuit boards allows convenient incorporation of various sensor boards. In order to obtain accurate acceleration data and meanwhile reduce the sensor cost, a new Martlet sensor board, named integrated accelerometer wing, is developed. The integrated accelerometer wing adopts a commercial-off-the-shelf MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) accelerometer and contains an onboard signal conditioner performing three basic functions, including mean shifting, anti-aliasing filtering and signal amplification. One distinct feature of the signal conditioner is the on-the-fly programmable cut-off frequency and amplification gain factor. To validate the performance of Martlet and the integrated accelerometer wing, experiments are carried out on a laboratory four-story aluminum shear-frame structure. The laboratory experiment results demonstrate that the performance of the wireless sensing system is comparable to that of cabled reference sensors. In addition, using data collected by wireless sensors, vibration modal properties of the structure are identified and finite element (FE) model updating is performed.
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Lee, Bo Mi, Kenneth J. Loh, and Francesco Lanza di Scalea. "Distributed Strain Sensing Using Carbon Nanotube Thin Films and Electrical Time-Domain Reflectometry." In ASME 2018 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2018-7997.

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Nondestructive inspection (NDI) is an effective technique to inspect, test, or evaluate the integrity of materials, components, and structures without interrupting the serviceability of a system. Despite recent advances in NDI techniques, most of them are either limited to sensing structural response at their instrumented locations or require multiple sensors and measurements to localize damage. In this study, a new NDI system that could achieve distributed sensing using a single measurement was investigated. Here, piezoresistive carbon nanotube (CNT)-polymer thin film sensors connected in a transmission line setup were interrogated using electrical time-domain reflectometry (ETDR). In ETDR, an electromagnetic signal is sent from one end of the transmission line. When the signal encounters the sensor, it can partially reflect and be captured at the same point. The characteristics of the reflected signal depend on the sensor’s impedance, which is correlated to structural response, deformation, or damage. The advantage of this is that distributed sensing along the entire transmission line can be achieved using a single measurement point. To validate this concept, CNT-polymer thin films that were integrated with a transmission line are subjected to uniaxial tensile strains applied using a load frame. The ETDR signals were analyzed to assess the system’s sensing performance.
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Safaei, Mohsen, and Steven R. Anton. "Self-Powered Multifunctional Instrumented Knee Implant." In ASME 2018 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2018-8078.

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Computational modeling, instrumented linkages, optical technologies, MRI, and radiographic techniques have been widely used to study knee motion after total knee replacement (TKR) surgery. Information provided by these methods has helped designers to develop implants with better clinical performance and surgeons to obtain an improved understanding of the stability and mobility of the joint. Correspondingly, overall patient satisfaction with respect to the reduction in pain and recovery of normal functioning of the joint has been improving. However, about 20% of patients are still not fully satisfied with their surgical outcomes. The main obstacle in the current state-of-the-art is that a comprehensive post-operative understanding of knee balance is still unavailable, mostly due to a lack of in vivo data collected from the joint after surgery. This work presents an attempt to develop a self-powered instrumented knee implant for in vivo data acquisition. The knee sensory system in this study utilizes several embedded piezoelectric transducers in the tibial bearing of the knee replacement in order to provide sensing and energy harvesting capabilities. Through a series of analytical modeling, finite element simulation, and experimental testing, the performance of the suggested system is evaluated and a dimensionally optimized design of an instrumented TKR is achieved. More specifically, a comprehensive platform is established in order to combine the knowledge of embedded piezoelectric sensors and energy harvesters, musculoskeletal modeling of the knee joint, multiphysics finite element modeling, additive manufacturing techniques, image processing, and experimental knee loading simulation in order to achieve the experimentally validated and optimized instrumented knee implant design. The cumulative work presented in this article encompasses three main studies performed on the sensing performance of the proposed design: first, preliminary parametric studies of the effect of local dimensional and material parameters on the electromechanical behavior of the embedded sensory system; second, investigation of the ability to sense total force and center of pressure location; and third, evaluation of an enhanced system with the ability to sense compartmental forces and contact locations. Additionally, the energy harvesting capacity of the system is investigated to ensure the achievement of a fully self-powered sensory system. Results obtained from the experimental analysis of the system demonstrate the successful sensing and energy harvesting performance of the designs achieved in this study.
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Short, Gordon, and Dave Flett. "New Approach to Pipeline Condition Monitoring of the Beatrice 16” Oil Export Line." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27317.

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The ability to detect corrosion within oil and gas pipelines has long been the preserve of the Intelligent or Smart Pig. These tools have evolved over the past 30 years into very sophisticated, but often expensive inspection options. Since 1994 RST Projects Limited, a Scottish based pipeline inspection company, has been pioneering the development of passive inspection tools that can be retrofitted to standard Cleaning or Utility Pigs. These tools are fundamentally different to traditional inspection pigs. Passive instruments (instruments which do not contain an active source or emitor, such as ultrasonic or magnetic flux leakage sensors), fitted to a Utility Pig are used to monitor its passage through a pipeline. Changes in the behaviour of the Utility Pig measured by these instruments have been demonstrated to reflect the condition of the pipeline. To date more than 40 projects, involving surveying some 4,000 km+ of operational pipelines have been completed. This paper presents the results of work undertaken to develop the first stages of a basic corrosion detection capability of the Smart Utility Pig tool. It does so by presenting findings from surveys of the 16” Beatrice Oil Export Pipeline, operated by Talisman Energy UK Limited. It also draws upon surveys carried out in other assets operated by Talisman in the UK. It explores how this technology when combined with other inspection methods offers the potential for a more integrated approach to routine pipeline condition monitoring.
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Nicolas, Matthew J., Rani W. Sullivan, and W. Lance Richards. "Fiber Bragg Grating Strains to Obtain Structural Response of a Carbon Composite Wing." In ASME 2013 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2013-3265.

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The objective of this study was to determine the deflected wing shape and the out-of-plane loads of a large-scale carbon-composite wing of an ultralight aerial vehicle using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) technology. The composite wing, subjected to concentrated and distributed loads, was instrumented with an optical fiber on its top and bottom surfaces positioned over the main spar, resulting in approximately 780 strain sensors bonded to the wings. The in-plane strains from the FBG sensors were used to obtain the out-of-plane loads as well as the wing shape at various load levels using NASA-developed real-time load and displacement algorithms. The calculated out-of-plane displacements and loads were generally within 4% of the measured data.
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Cooper, Benjamin, and Andrei Zagrai. "Investigation of Low Velocity Impact Damage in Aluminum Alloys." In ASME 2012 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2012-8145.

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In structural health monitoring (SHM), impact detection and characterization techniques often focus on identifying parameters of impact such as the location and velocity of an impacting object. A distributed network of sensors is used to passively detect the mechanical wave created by the impact. Various techniques are used to analyze the signals based on time of arrival, amplitude and phase. A simpler architecture could be used to determine whether an impacting event was benign or caused damage and requires further evaluation. This research focuses on detecting attributes of impact-generated elastic wave signals that are indicative of local damage at the impact site. Waveforms deviate insignificantly for undamaged materials, however, when a material is stressed to plastic deformation or damaged the waveform of propagation through the material is noticeably affected. This change in wave speed may be detectable by SHM sensors, and can be used as an indicator of damage. Low velocity impact experiments were conducted on thin aluminum plates instrumented with piezoelectric and magneto-elastic sensors at various locations. The sensors acquired the initial passage of the impact wave signal before reflections off the boundaries became a significant element. By inspecting the signal for deviations induced by damage (such as plastic deformation), a routine for evaluating damage can be inferred. Further work may correlate features of the signal with damage severity providing an extra level of information in determining the next step in evaluating the damage. Using this approach, it may be possible to evaluate impact damage using limited numbers of passive sensors.
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Tamaddoni, Nima, and Stephen A. Sarles. "Mechanotransduction of Multi-Hair Droplet Arrays." In ASME 2014 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2014-7551.

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Early embodiments of droplet interface bilayer (DIB)-based hair cell sensors demonstrated the capability of sensing discrete and continuous perturbations, including single flicks and constant airflow, respectively, of a hair structure that is held in close proximity to a single lipid membrane. In those studies, the use of a single bilayer formed between a pair of droplets provided the necessary environment for studying the physical mechanism of mechanotransduction of a membrane-based sensor as well as the sensitivity and directionality of the assembly. More recently, we showed that additional lipid-coated droplets could be connected in series to form multi-bilayer arrays. Measurements of bilayer current through each interface demonstrated that perturbation of the hair creates a vibration that propagates across several droplets, allowing for the additional interfaces to also sense the perturbation. Depending on the location of the hair in the droplet array, these sensing currents can occur in-phase with one another, allowing for a total sensing current to be easily summed. Two important remaining questions about multi-bilayer arrays include: 1) How is signal propagation affected by the configuration of droplets in the array? 2) How does perturbation of multiple hair structures affect signal propagation and sensing currents in a droplet-array? To study these questions, we form linear series and L-shaped arrays of DIBs where each droplet is instrumented with a sensing electrode. Our experiments show that the motion of the perturbed hair can be transduced by up to three membranes away from the hair and that a change in the orientation of successive interfaces does not significantly affect the propagation of vibrational energy. Separately, experiments on serial arrays with multiple hairs indicate that a second, unperturbed hair does not affect bilayer currents generated by the perturbed hair and that hairs of varying length can add frequency selectivity and stimulus localization capability to multi-bilayer sensors.
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Riemenschneider, Johannes, Steffen Opitz, Martin Schulz, and Volker Plaßmeier. "Active Twist Rotor for Wind Tunnel Investigations." In ASME 2010 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2010-3731.

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This paper describes the design and manufacturing of active twist rotor blades for the use as secundary control of a helicopter main rotor. These blades have been developed at the DLR in Braunschweig, Germany over the last years. Special features of the blade are the capability to twist individual sections of the blade. It is planned to equip the blade so that the following test methods can be applied: strain gauges and SPR for deformations, optical measurements as a reference of the blade tip twist and pressure sensors in certain sections. I order to reduce the complexity of the blade/rotor shaft interface, blade integrated amplifiers for the strain gauge bridges have been developed and teste. Right now a set of six instrumented blades is being built, in order to test a four bladed rotor in a wind tunnel in 2012.
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Bement, Matthew T., and Thomas R. Bewley. "Excitation Design for Damage Detection Using Iterative Adjoint-Based Optimization." In ASME 2008 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2008-517.

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This paper presents a method for designing excitations for the purpose of enhancing the detectability of damage. The field of structural health monitoring (SHM) seeks to assess the integrity of structures for the primary purpose of moving from time-based maintenance to a more cost effective condition-based maintenance strategy. Consequently, most approaches to SHM are nondestructive in nature. One common nondestructive approach is known as vibration-based SHM. In this approach, a structure is instrumented with an array of sensors at various locations. The structure is then excited and its dynamic response recorded. This response is then interrogated to extract features that are correlated with damage. A survey of the SHM literature [1], [2], reveals that a great deal of attention has been paid to the data interrogation portion of the SHM process, with almost no attention paid to the excitation design. This focus is quite understandable in many applications where only ambient excitation is available, such as most civil engineering applications. However there are many applications where the excitation is selectable (e.g., most wave propogation approaches to SHM), and, indeed, where proper excitation selection is essential. As a simple example, consider a beam or column with a crack that is nominally closed due to a preload. If the provided excitation is not sufficient to open and close the crack, the detectability of the crack in the measured output will be severely limited.
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