Relevant bibliographies by topics / Smart instruments

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Smart instruments'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Smart instruments"

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Nobes, Tom S. "Smart Instruments in Safety Instrumented Systems — Sellafield Experiences." Measurement and Control 41, no. 6 (July 2008): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029400804100603.

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Mykyychuk, Mykola, Svyatoslav Yatsyshyn, Bohdan Stadnyk, and Yaroslav Lutsyk. "Smart Measuring Instruments for Cyber-Physical Systems." Advances in Cyber-Physical Systems 1, no. 1 (February 23, 2016): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/acps2016.01.007.

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Eden, Murray. "Smart Instruments, Microprocessors, Personal Computers." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 3, no. 2 (April 1987): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300000611.

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This discussion of Emerging Technology focuses on technological currents in electronic technology rather than in medical technology per se. The influence of the former on the latter is not merely that medical devices have electronic parts, but that the development of new circuit technology can change radically the design, utility, and even the function of the medical devices.
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Besnainou, Charles. "Trekking around ancestors of smart instruments." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 141, no. 5 (May 2017): 3618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4987760.

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Wild, Michael de, Sebastian Dany, Christoph John, and Felix Schuler. "Smart 4D-printed implants and instruments." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2020-3053.

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AbstractSelective laser melting (SLM) was used to manufacture smart programmed structures with customized properties made of biocompatible NiTi shape-memory alloy. A series of helixes was produced with systematically varied SLM process parameters Laser Exposure Time and Laser Power in order to specifically change the thermo-mechanical material properties of the 3D-structures. This innovation opens up the possibility to adjust the NiTi phase transformation temperature during the manufacturing process. This controllable property determines which of the two crystallographic phases martensite or austenite is present at a certain operating temperature and allows the mechanical properties to be adjusted: martensitic devices are soft and pseudo-plastic due to the shape-memory effect, whereas austenitic structures are pseudo-elastic. In a further step, the SLM process parameters were locally varied within 4Dprinted twin-helixes. As a result, the phases, respectively the mechanical properties of a single component were adjusted at different locations. The ratio of elastic to plastic deformation and the spring constant of the helix can be locally controlled. This allows, for example, the spatio-temporal programming of 3D-printed surgical instruments or implants that are stimuliresponsive.
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Rahmawati, Agustina. "Formulation of Smart City Policy Instruments (Study Jogja Smart Service Program in Yogyakarta City)." Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi Publik 10, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/jiap.v10i2.13700.

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This study aims to provide an overview of the formulation of policy instruments in improving public services of the Yogyakarta City. Therefore, this study describes the effectiveness that has been achieved and also describes the problems that arise in the Jogja Smart Service Program (JSS) in the context of the formulation of policy making. This can then be useful for developing alternative policy instruments that are similar. In the perspective of public administration, a program of policy can be seen part of the management of decisions in public policy, where the resources and actors are organized and coordinated. This gives consequences about how the process of making instrument formulation at the time of making the policy. Thus, it becomes interesting to see how the process of formulation of policies in the Jogja Smart Service Program (JSS). By using descriptive qualitative research methods, the stages of the method in this research are collecting data related to the policy formulation process of the Jogja Smart Service Program (JSS), in the form of interviews and documentation of regulations and related policies. The result of the research is the formulation of Jogja Smart Service (JSS) policies in Yogyakarta City which still has various challenges, so a combined instrument is needed, namely synergy and collaboration between the government, private sector, community and other stakeholders to support the effectiveness of the program.
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Subramanian, Hemang. "Security tokens: architecture, smart contract applications and illustrations using SAFE." Managerial Finance 46, no. 6 (August 13, 2019): 735–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-09-2018-0467.

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Purpose Blockchain technologies have pervaded modern crowdfunding and capital sourcing through a variety of financial instruments implemented as smart contracts. Smart contracts provide a unique mechanism not only to create a unique one-of-a-type financial instrument, but also to enable unique innovations atop existing financial instruments due to underlying efficiencies. The smartness comes from the flexibility that programs provide which can create extremely unique financial instruments that are often complex to implement, yet easy to create, maintain through versioning, trade and destroy. The purpose of this paper is to describe the security token architecture as an application of smart contracts. Further, the author illustrates the implementation and design of a commonly used financial instrument known as Simple Agreement for Future Equity (SAFE) using the security token architecture proposed and smart contract functionality. The author then models the transaction using relational algebra, and, models the utility maximization. The author shows how on account of reduced information asymmetry between the investors and SAFE users (i.e. startups) utility is positive when smart contract-based security tokens are deployed for each state in the SAFE contract. Design/methodology/approach Using an existing well-adopted instrument called a SAFE contract, the author illustrates the architecture of a smart contract-based security token system. The author illustrates how different components of a SAFE contract can be implemented as a smart contract and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of applying blockchain-based smart contracts to design SAFE instruments. The author deploys two methods: a state space diagram to explain state transitions and a utility model to explain the utilities. Findings The key findings of this research study are the design of a security token architecture, which can be used to convert any the physical or contract-based financial instrument to a smart contract that runs on the blockchain. However, there are limitations to the implementation of the same which can be overcome. The model illustrates the positive utilities derived for all economic actors, i.e. the contractors, the utility providers, etc., in the market. Originality/value This paper is an original paper. For the very first time, the author explored the architecture of a security token system. Using a well-known financial instrument, namely the SAFE, the author describes various components, e.g. the four contracts that form SAFE and then model the utilities for the system.
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López, Juan Manuel, Jesús Alonso, César Asensio, Ignacio Pavón, Luis Gascó, and Guillermo de Arcas. "A Digital Signal Processor Based Acoustic Sensor for Outdoor Noise Monitoring in Smart Cities." Sensors 20, no. 3 (January 22, 2020): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030605.

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Presently, large cities have significant problems with noise pollution due to human activity. Transportation, economic activities, and leisure activities have an important impact on noise pollution. Acoustic noise monitoring must be done with equipment of high quality. Thus, long-term noise monitoring is a high-cost activity for administrations. For this reason, new alternative technological solutions are being used to reduce the costs of measurement instruments. This article presents a design for a versatile electronic device to measure outdoor noise. This device has been designed according to the technical standards for this type of instrument, which impose strict requirements on both the design and the quality of the device’s measurements. This instrument has been designed under the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) concept, so the microphone–electronics set can be used as a sensor that can be connected to any microprocessor-based device, and therefore can be easily attached to a monitoring network. To validate the instrument’s design, the device has been tested following the regulations of the calibration laboratories for sound level meters (SLM). These tests allowed us to evaluate the behavior of the electronics and the microphone, obtaining different results for these two elements. The results show that the electronics and algorithms implemented fully fit within the requirements of type 1 noise measurement instruments. However, the use of an electret microphone reduces the technical features of the designed instrument, which can only fully fit the requirements of type 2 noise measurement instruments. This situation shows that the microphone is a key element in this kind of instrument and an important element in the overall price. To test the instrument’s quality and show how it can be used for monitoring noise in smart wireless acoustic sensor networks, the designed equipment was connected to a commercial microprocessor board and inserted into the infrastructure of an existing outdoor monitoring network. This allowed us to deploy a low-cost sub-network in the city of Málaga (Spain) to analyze the noise of conflict areas due to high levels of leisure noise. The results obtained with this equipment are also shown. It has been verified that this equipment meets the similar requirements to those obtained for type 2 instruments for measuring outdoor noise. The designed equipment is a two-channel instrument, that simultaneously measures, in real time, 86 sound noise parameters for each channel, such as the equivalent continuous sound level (Leq) (with Z, C, and A frequency weighting), the peak level (with Z, C, and A frequency weighting), the maximum and minimum levels (with Z, C, and A frequency weighting), and the impulse, fast, and slow time weighting; seven percentiles (1%, 5%, 10%, 50%, 90%, 95%, and 99%); as well as continuous equivalent sound pressure levels in the one-third octave and octave frequency bands.
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Mykyychuk, Mykola, Bohdan Stadnyk, Svyatoslav Yatsyshyn, and Yaroslav Lutsyk. "Smart measuring instruments for cyber-physical systems." Measuring Equipment and Metrology 77 (2016): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/istcmtm2016.77.003.

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Sholeh, Chaereyranba, Sintaningrum Sintaningrum, and Yogi Suprayogi Sugandi. "Formulation of Innovation Policy: Case of Bandung Smart City." Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik 22, no. 3 (May 2, 2019): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsp.33698.

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The aim of this study is to describe the policy innovation of the implementation of a smart city in Bandung. Heightening urban issues are becoming increasingly complex and limited resources are available to alleviate them, making the government to continue making policy innovations in order to improve the societal welfare. The smart city policy innovation implemented by the government of Bandung is expected to solve the priority problems of Bandung effectively and efficiently. In conducting a policy innovation, special attention should be paid to several important things such as regulation, community needs, and understanding the apparatus and those who contribute in the implementation of a smart city in Bandung. With the fulfillment of several policy innovation factors, the implementation of a smart city in Bandung can be successful and solve the problems that currently exist in the city. To analyze the smart city policy innovation in Bandung, the researchers used the policy innovation instrument phase from Susanna Borras and Charles Edquist. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis method, and data collection was carried out through literature and field study (observation, interview, and documentation). The result of this research is that the smart city policy innovation in Bandung has not been successfully implemented. This can be seen from the three instruments of policy innovation that have not been implemented in the implementation of a smart city in Bandung. The three instruments are a regulation instrument, an economic financial instrument, and a soft instrument.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Smart instruments"

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Alsop, Peter. "The self-validating process actuator." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308676.

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Pernegger, Heinz, Norbert Wermes, Luigi Mele, Mar Capeans, Ettore Zaffaroni, Barbara Mehner, and Ingrid Jonak-Auer. "Innovating Advanced Radiation Instruments." Publishers Communication Group (PCG), 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6507/1/s19.pdf.

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STREAM is a 4-year multi-site training network that aims at career development of Early Stage Researchers (ESRs) on scientific design, construction manufacturing and of advanced radiation instrumentation. STREAM targets the development of innovative radiation-hard, smart CMOS sensor technologies for scientific and industrial applications. The platform technology developed within the project will be tested in the demanding conditions posed by the CERN LHC detectors' environment as well as European industry leaders in the field of CMOS imaging, electron microscopy and radiation sensors. This leveraging factor will allow to fine-tune the technology to meet the requirements of industrial application cases on demand such as electron microscopy and medical X-ray imaging, as well as pathway towards novel application fields such as satellite environments, industrial X-ray systems and near-infrared imaging. The project will train a new generation of creative, entrepreneurial and innovative early-stage researchers and widen their academic career and employment opportunities. The STREAM consortium is composed of 10 research organisations and 5 industrial partners; the network will provide training to 17 ESRs. STREAM structures the research and training in four scientific work-packages which span the whole value-chain from research to application: CMOS Technologies Assessment, Smart Sensor Design and Layout, Validation and Qualification, Technology Integration, and Valorization.
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Bergaentzle, Claire. "Smart Grids et efficacité des systèmes électriques : instruments de régulation et impacts de la gestion de la demande." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAE008/document.

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L'architecture physique des réseaux électriques et les structures organisationnelles des industries électriques survenues à la suite des réformes ont principalement été conçues en fonction des caractéristiques relatives aux infrastructures de transport et aux parcs de production. Or, les nouveaux enjeux de transition énergétique, associés aux progrès réalisés dans les équipements de communication et d'automatisation, plaident pour une plus grande participation des activités décentralisées de production et des consommateurs finals. Nous constatons que les systèmes électriques sont à l'aube d'évolutions majeures qui partagent une double caractéristique. La première et que ces évolutions nécessiteront des apports en capitaux considérables pour adapter et moderniser les réseaux de distribution. La seconde est que l'activation de l'aval de la chaîne électrique libère des gains d'efficacité économique actuellement inexploités, mais est également porteuse de contraintes nouvelles.Partant de ce constat, l'objectif de cette thèse est double. Il s'agit dans un premier temps de proposer une analyse théorique des instruments de régulation qui encadrent et orientent les dépenses des opérateurs réseau. Nous cherchons en nous appuyant sur la littérature à caractériser les outils de régulation les mieux adaptés à l'investissement en smart technologies. Puisqu'il est nécessaire de confronter l'analyse théorique aux faits, nous entreprenons de recenser les gains clés d'efficacité économique escomptés de la généralisation des smart grids. Nous illustrons chacun de ces gains par une étude empirique qui nous permet de comparer les résultats issus de notre analyse théorique aux schémas de régulation existants et de formuler un certain nombre de recommandations.Le second objectif de la thèse se concentre sur les impacts de la diffusion de programmes de la gestion de la demande. Le raisonnement adopté s'articule autour de deux constats. D'importants bénéfices sont attendus des réductions substantielles des pointes de demande, réductions qui se traduisent par de moindres opportunités de profit pour les producteurs. Il s'agira de réaliser une estimation des gains et pertes que l'on peut attendre de la gestion de la demande. Pour cela, nous développons et utilisons un modèle d'optimisation dans lequel nous intégrons plusieurs pays interconnectés dotés de parcs de production différenciés.La thèse montre que les cadres de régulation dominants actuellement sont limités dans leur portée incitative pour favoriser un investissement efficace dans la technologie, ce qui est susceptible de retarder son introduction. La quantification des impacts de la gestion de la demande montre quant à elle que des efficacités significatives peuvent être activées via la généralisation de ces mesures. Toutefois, elles posent des problèmes nouveaux dans la rémunération de l'existant, l'adéquation future des capacités, et souligne l'antagonisme potentiel entre perte de revenus pour les unités de pointe les plus réactives et développement des énergies bas carbone.De toute évidence, les interrogations soulevées par le développement des smart grids nécessitent que soit mené un débat politique éclairé puisque l'industrie électrique est indispensable à nos sociétés. Parmi le nombre considérable d'éléments à aborder, arriveront en bonne place les questions relatives au financement des projets d'investissement et à l'inclusion des nouvelles sources de flexibilité induites par l'adoption de la technologie dans les marchés électriques libéralisés
The physical architecture of electricity grids and the organizational structure of power systems implemented after the reforms have traditionally be achieved according to the characteristics of the transmission infrastructures and power mixes. However, the new challenges related to energy transition favor a greater participation of decentralized generation and final consumers to system exploitation and competitive markets. This latter participation is made possible thanks to recent innovations in the fields of communication and remote control technologies.Significant evolutions are expected in power industries that share common characteristics. First, these evolutions suppose massive capital investments to modernize and adapt current power distribution grids. Second, it is expected the activation of distribution grids and final consumers will unleash substantial unexploited economic efficiency gains as well as impose new constraints.Taking these simple facts as a starting point, the objective of the thesis is twofold. In the first place, we provide a theoretical analysis of the regulatory instruments that monitor the system operators' expenses. Relying on the literature, we aim at characterizing what regulatory tools and incitation are suitable for investing in smart grids technologies. Since it is necessary to compare theoretical formulation to facts, we use an empirical approach that allows us to designate key benefits pursued by the development of smart grids and to compare our theoretical results with practical regulatory applications. Our findings eventually allow us to formulate recommendations.In the second place, the thesis focuses on the impacts of demand-side management during peak periods. We structure our approach around two general observations. Large benefits should be generated in lowering substantially peak demand. However, such situation also creates losses of profit for generators. We provide an estimation of efficiency gains and revenue losses induced by peak shedding. To this end, we develop and use a linear optimization model and expand our analysis to interconnected countries endowed with differentiated generation means.The thesis shows dominant regulatory frameworks are unsuited to provide the necessary sets of incentive to efficiently develop smart technologies. This can cause delays in their integration to power grids. The quantitative evaluation of the impacts generated by demand-side management shows significant efficiency gains are achievable through final consumers' flexibility. However, such measures create new discrepancies regarding installed capacities profitability, future capacity adequacy, and highlight potential antagonism between missing money for flexible peak capacities and the development of low carbon energies.It is clear the issues raised by the development of smart grids call for informed public debate as power industries are essential to our societies. Among the considerable amount of elements to discuss, issues relative to financing the investment projects and the inclusion of the new sources of flexibility induced by the technology in competitive markets will be of priority
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Konh, Bardia. "Smart Surgical Needle Actuated by Shape Memory Alloys for Percutaneous Procedures." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/375030.

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Mechanical Engineering
Ph.D.
Background: Majority of cancer interventions today are performed percutaneously using needle-based procedures, i.e. through the skin and soft tissue. Needle insertion is known as one of the recent needle-based techniques that is used in several diagnostic and therapeutic medical procedures such as brachytherapy, thermal ablations and breast biopsy. The difficulty in most of these procedures is to attain a precise navigation through tissue reaching target locations. Insufficient accuracy using conventional surgical needles motivated researchers to provide actuation forces to the needle’s body for compensating the possible errors of surgeons/physicians. Therefore, active needles were proposed recently where actuation forces provided by shape memory alloys (SMAs) are utilized to assist the maneuverability and accuracy of surgical needles. This work also aims to introduce a novel needle insertion simulation to predict the deflection of a bevel tip needle inside the tissue. Development of a model to predict the behavior of the needle steering in the soft tissue has been always a point of interest as it could improve the performance of many percutaneous needle-based procedures. Methods: In this work first, the actuation capability of a single SMA wire was studied. The complex response of SMAs was investigated via a MATLAB implementation of the Brinson model and verified via experimental tests. The material characteristics of SMAs were simulated by defining multilinear elastic isothermal stress-strain curves. Rigorous experiments with SMA wires were performed to determine the material properties as well as to show the capability of the code to predict a stabilized SMA transformation behavior with sufficient accuracy. The isothermal stress-strain curves of SMAs were simulated and defined as a material model for the Finite Element Analysis of the active needle. In the second part of this work, a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model of the active steerable needle was developed to demonstrate the feasibility of using SMA wires as actuators to bend the surgical needle. In the FE model, birth and death method of defining boundary conditions, available in ANSYS, was used to achieve the pre-strain condition on SMA wire prior to actuation. This numerical model was validated with needle deflection experiments with developed prototypes of the active needle. The third part of this work describes the design optimization of the active using genetic algorithm aiming for its maximum flexibility. Design parameters influencing the steerability include the needle’s diameter, wire diameter, pre-strain, and its offset from the needle. A simplified model was developed to decrease the computation time in iterative analyses of the optimization algorithm. In the fourth part of this work a design of an active needling system was proposed where actuation forces of SMAs as well as shape memory polymers (SMPs) were incorporated. SMP elements provide two major additional advantages to the design: (i) recovery of the SMP’s plastic deformation by heating the element above its glass transition temperature, and (ii) achieving a higher needle deflection by having a softer stage of SMP at higher temperatures with less amount of actuation force. Finally, in the fifth and last part of this study, an Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation in LS-DYNA software was used to model the solid-fluid interactions between the needle and tissue. A 150mm long needle was considered to bend within the tissue due to the interacting forces on its asymmetric bevel tip. Some additional assumptions were made to maintain a reasonable computational time, with no need of parallel processing, while having practical accuracies. Three experimental tests of needle steering in a soft phantom were performed to validate the simulation. Results: The finite element model of the active needle was first validated experimentally with developed prototypes. Several design parameters affecting the needle’s deflection such as the needle’s Young’s modulus, the SMA’s pre-strain and its offset from the neutral axis of the cannula were studied using the FE model. Then by the integration of the SMA characteristics with the automated optimization schemes an improved design of the active needle was obtained. Real-time experiments with different prototypes showed that the quickest response and the maximum deflection were achieved by the needle with two sections of actuation compared to a single section of actuation. Also the feasibility of providing actuation forces using both SMAs and SMPs for the surgical needle was demonstrated in this study. The needle insertion simulation was validated while observing less than 10% deviation between the estimated amount of needle deflection by the simulation and by the experiments. Using this model the effect of needle diameter and its bevel tip angle on the final shape of the needle was investigated. Conclusion: The numerical and experimental studies of this work showed that a highly maneuverable active needle can be made using the actuation of multiple SMA wires in series. To maneuver around the anatomical obstacles of the human body and reach the target location, thin sharp needles are recommended as they would create a smaller radius of curvature. The insertion model presented in this work is intended to be used as a base structure for path planning and training purposes for future studies.
Temple University--Theses
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Attoue, Nivine. "Use of Smart Technology for heating energy optimization in buildings : experimental and numerical developments for indoor temperature forecasting." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I021/document.

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L’inquiétude croissante concernant le futur des ressources énergétique a fait de l’optimisation énergétique une priorité dans tous les secteurs. De nombreux sujets de recherche se sont focalisés sur celui du bâtiment étant le principal consommateur d’énergie, en particulier à cause de ses besoins en chauffage. L’application des stratégies de contrôle et de gestion innovantes peuvent contribuer à des économies d'énergie. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'introduire le concept intelligent dans les bâtiments pour réduire la consommation d'énergie. L'étude vise à développer un modèle permettant de prédire le comportement thermique des bâtiments. La thèse propose une méthodologie basée sur la sélection des paramètres d'entrée pertinents, après une analyse de pertinence, pour développer un modèle simplifié de réseau de neurones artificiel, utilisé pour la prévision de température intérieure. Le domaine intelligent nécessite un processus automatisé pour comprendre la dynamique des bâtiments et décrire ses caractéristiques. L’utilisation des modèles thermiques réduits convient pour de telles stratégies. Ainsi, la thèse présente une étude préliminaire pour la génération d'un processus automatisé pour déterminer la prévision de température intérieure à court terme et les caractéristiques des bâtiments basées sur la modélisation en boîte grise. Cette étude est basée sur une méthodologie capable de trouver l'ensemble de données le plus fiable qui décrit le mieux la dynamique du bâtiment. L'étude montre que l'ordre le plus performant pour les modèles réduits est régi par la dynamique des données collectées utilisées
With the highly developing concerns about the future of energy resources, the optimization of energy consumption becomes a must in all sectors. A lot of research was dedicated to buildings regarding that they constitute the highest energy consuming sector mainly because of their heating needs. Technologies have been improved and several methods are proposed for energy consumption optimization. Energy saving procedures can be applied through innovative control and management strategies. The objective of this thesis is to introduce the smart concept in the building system to reduce the energy consumption, as well as to improve comfort conditions and users’ satisfaction. The study aims to develop a model that makes it possible to predict thermal behavior of buildings. The thesis proposes a methodology based on the selection of pertinent input parameters, after a relevance analysis of a large set of input parameters, for the development of a simplified artificial neural network (ANN) model, used for indoor temperature forecasting. This model can be easily used in the optimal regulation of buildings’ energy devices. The smart domain needs an automated process to understand the buildings’ dynamics and to describe its characteristics. Such strategies are well described using reduced thermal models. Thus, the thesis presents a preliminary study for the generation of an automated process to determine short term indoor temperature prediction and buildings characteristics based on grey-box modeling. This study is based on a methodology capable of finding the most reliable set of data that describes the best the building’s dynamics. The study shows that the most performant order for reduced-models is governed by the dynamics of the collected data used
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Backrud, Mikael. "Evaluation of the SPEDE instrument on SMART-1." Thesis, KTH, Rymd- och plasmafysik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-91565.

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Cooper, Jehangir. "Heuristics: Bias Vs. Smart Instrument. An Exploration of the Hot Hand." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1377092070.

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Appea, Alexander Kwasi. "Validation of FWD Testing Results at the Virginia Smart Road: Theoretically and by Instrument Responses." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26715.

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Falling weight deflectometer (FWD) is currently used by most highway agencies to determine the structural condition of the highway network. Utilizing the deflections measured by the FWD, the resilient moduli of layers in the flexible pavement is determined using backcalculation software packages. The moduli can be input into semi-empirical mechanistic equations to estimate the remaining life of the pavement system and aid in informing pavement engineers about timing of maintenance and rehabilitation needs. There have been concerns among practitioners and the research community about the adequacy of the resilient moduli determined by the backcalculation software. Some of the backcalculation models have been simplified and field verification may be needed. Field-measured stresses and strains may be used to quantify the reliability of the backcalculated moduli. The Virginia Smart Road, which has 12 different flexible pavement designs and was built and instrumented with pressure cells, strain gages, thermocouples, frost probes and moisture sensors. To validate the backcalculated moduli theoretically and through instrument response, this research was conducted with following objectives: 1) to determine the resilient moduli of the unbound granular materials on the Virginia Smart Road using small and large plates of the FWD; 2) to investigate the extent of spatial and temporal variability of the FWD deflections among pavement sections; 3) to develop a temperature correction model for the backcalculated HMA resilient moduli; 4) to define an appropriate backcalculation approach and compare the four widely used software approaches; and 5) to correlate backcalculated and laboratory measured moduli. In addition, the FWD measurements were used to establish a comparison between in-situ measured and computed stresses and strains in the pavement. The analytical approaches used are linear elastic, viscoelastic, and viscoelastic combined with nonlinearity. Results show that estimation of unbound granular materials moduli using surface deflections is more reliable when 457-mm-diameter loading plate is used. Analysis of deflections from different sensors showed evidence of spatial and temporal variability. The lowest coefficient of variation of deflections (7%) within sections occurred at low temperatures (2 to 6 °C), while the highest coefficient of variation (42%) occurred at temperatures between 35 to 40 °C. This resulted in the development of a deflection temperature correction model. The model was validated at different temperature ranges. A backcalculation procedure was defined to achieve good root mean square error using four selected software packages. This resulted in the selection of the most reliable software to perform moduli backcalculation. A correlation was established between the nonlinear models produced by backcalculation and laboratory testing of the granular 21-B material. However, for the HMA materials, difference in loading period between laboratory testing and FWD loading pulse could affect the results. The study found that when utilizing the backcalculated moduli, computed strains using viscoelastic modeling were comparable to in-situ measured values. Similarly, calculated stresses compared well with the field-measured stresses; especially at high temperatures. Mix properties, temperature of testing and loading were found to have an effect on the agreement between the measured and computed strains in the wearing surface. The study also recommended further validation of FWD measurements using embedded instruments to calibrate analytical models and further analysis of deflection data so that optimum number of testing points can be determined to limit amount of testing performed for determination of deflection variability.
Ph. D.
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Gabriel, Issa Sten. "IT-Instrument : En intervju-och observationsundersökning kring användandet av digitala instrument inom undervisningen i ämnena historia och engelska i en gymnasieskola." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-26295.

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Abstract:
This essay is a study of the use of IT technology by teachers of English and History at a Swedish upper secondary school. It is based on four interviews and four observations. In my analysis of these I have made use of the theory of Social Shaping of technology, a theory which puts emphasis on a teacher´s purpose regarding the use of IT technology in order to empower the teaching process. As a researcher I aim to explore the reasoning on the part of the teacher and to that end I use the method of interviews and observations. This study shows different ways of using IT technology varying from one teacher to another. The use of laptops and Ipads by students is frequent, laptops being used for writing and information seeking and Ipads for taking pictures, the recording of students´ own performance before making presentations in class and for communication with teachers. In addition to the methods mentioned above, I have used - "Som-seende" and half-structured interviews.
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Schmitz, Michael [Verfasser], and Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Wahlster. "Tangible interaction with anthropomorphic smart objects in instrumented environments / Michael Schmitz. Betreuer: Wolfgang Wahlster." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1051279607/34.

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Books on the topic "Smart instruments"

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W, Chapman Paul. Smart sensors. Research Triangle Park, N.C: ISA, 1996.

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EuroSSC 2008 (2008 Zurich, Switzerland). Smart sensing and context: Third European conference, EuroSSC 2008, Zurich, Switzerland, October 29-31, 2008 ; proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2008.

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EuroSSC 2008 (2008 Zurich, Switzerland). Smart sensing and context: Third European conference, EuroSSC 2008, Zurich, Switzerland, October 29-31, 2008 ; proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2008.

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Daniel, Roggen, ed. Smart sensing and context: Third European conference, EuroSSC 2008, Zurich, Switzerland, October 29-31, 2008 ; proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2008.

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E, Smart Charles, ed. Catalog of the Charles E. Smart collection of antique surveying instruments. Troy, NY: W.H. Skerritt, 1996.

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Horn, Gert van der. Integrated smart sensors: Design and calibration. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998.

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Cullum, Brian M., and Eric S. McLamore. Smart biomedical and physiological sensor technology VIII: 28 April 2011, Orlando, Florida, United States. Edited by SPIE (Society). Bellingham, Washington: SPIE, 2011.

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Bakker, Anton. High-accuracy CMOS smart temperature sensors. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.

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Gerd, Kortuem, ed. Smart sensing and context: Second European conference, EuroSSC 2007, Kendal, England, October 23-25, 2007 : proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2007.

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Lay-Ekuakille, Aimé. Wearable and Autonomous Biomedical Devices and Systems for Smart Environment: Issues and Characterization. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Smart instruments"

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Turchet, Luca, and Mathieu Barthet. "Smart Musical Instruments." In Foundations in Sound Design for Embedded Media, 275–96. New York : Routledge, [2019] | Series: Sound design ; volume 3: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315106359-11.

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Ece, Burak, Ayse Yayla, and Hayriye Korkmaz. "Poster: A Mobile Application for Voice and Remote Control of Programmable Instruments." In Smart Industry & Smart Education, 479–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95678-7_54.

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Hao, Liu, and Tao Xiaoming. "Evaluation Methods and Instruments of Dry Biopotential Electrodes." In Handbook of Smart Textiles, 1–28. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4451-68-0_33-1.

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Hao, Liu, and Xiaoming Tao. "Evaluation Methods and Instruments of Dry Biopotential Electrodes." In Handbook of Smart Textiles, 775–808. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4451-45-1_33.

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Cunningham, C. R., and C. J. Evans. "Smart Focal Plane Technologies for VLT Instruments." In Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings, 369–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9190-2_62.

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Banerjee, Shilpi, and Chandrashekar Ramanathan. "Automatic Generation of Valid and Equivalent Assessment Instruments." In Emerging Issues in Smart Learning, 97–104. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44188-6_13.

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Doucet, Mathieu. "From Smart Homes to Smart Laboratories: Connected Instruments for Materials Science." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 257–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63393-6_17.

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Serdyukova, Natalia A., and Vladimir I. Serdyukov. "Quasi-fractal Algebraic Systems as Instruments of Knowledge Control." In Smart Education and e-Learning 2020, 443–53. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5584-8_37.

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Ciampi Stančová, Kateřina, and Alessio Cavicchi. "EU Policies and Instruments to Support the Agri-food Sector." In Smart Specialisation and the Agri-food System, 25–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91500-5_2.

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Allakhverdiev, Bakhtiiar T., and Alexander A. Polkovnikov. "Software Suite for the Analysis of Financial Instruments with the Use of Neural Networks." In "Smart Technologies" for Society, State and Economy, 360–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59126-7_40.

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Conference papers on the topic "Smart instruments"

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"SMART Instruments 2015." In Nuclear Engineering for Safety, Control and Security 2015. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2015.0298.

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Song, Eugene, David Westbrook, and Kang B. Lee. "A prototype IEEE 1451.4 smart transducer interface for sensors and actuators." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2011.6037665.

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Zhou, Chuanhong, Zhixue Liu, and Liang Gao. "Declaration of RoHS compliance based on smart document and XML database." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2009.5274120.

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Zhu, Xiaojin, Jinsong Liu, Quanzhen Huang, and Shouwei Gao. "Robust H∞ control in active vibration control of piezoelectric smart structure." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2009.5274236.

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Wang Yaqin, Liu Xuebin, and Hu Bingliang. "Implementation of a LMS filter on FPGA employing extremeDSP and smart IP-core design." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2011.6037920.

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Srivatsa, Deepak K., B. Preethi, R. Parinitha, G. Sumana, and A. Kumar. "Smart Street Lights." In 2013 Texas Instruments India Educators' Conference (TIIEC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tiiec.2013.25.

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Lockhart, T. "Assessment and approval of smart instruments." In Nuclear Engineering for Safety, Control and Security 2015. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2015.0299.

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Preetham, S., S. Sanath, G. S. Sreevatsa, M. Sumanth, P. M. Varun, and D. N. Krishna Kumar. "Smart Console for Vehicles." In 2013 Texas Instruments India Educators' Conference (TIIEC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tiiec.2013.15.

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Chi, Wanli, and Nicholas George. "Smart camera with extended depth of field." In ICO20:Optical Devices and Instruments, edited by James C. Wyant and Xuejun Zhang. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.666949.

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Rao, T. J. N. Surya, M. Mugilan, R. B. Niranjan Bharathi, J. Shashank Varma, M. B. S. Mahesh, G. Boopalan, and B. Karthikeyan. "Smart Automation and Monitoring System." In 2013 Texas Instruments India Educators' Conference (TIIEC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tiiec.2013.32.

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Reports on the topic "Smart instruments"

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Hashemian, H. M., D. W. Mitchell, K. M. Petersen, and C. S. Shell. Validation of smart sensor technologies for instrument calibration reduction in nuclear power plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6682437.

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