Journal articles: 'Smart city design and development and related analysis'

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ROŻAŁOWSKA, Barbara. "The functioning of smart city in the context of global city rankings." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2020, no. 146 (2020): 413–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2020.146.29.

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Purpose: This paper raises theoretical issues related to the functioning of cities that are determined as smart in order to find a better operational definition for further research. Design/methodology/approach: In search of the essence of the term, the paper refers to variety of definitions of smart city, and also to the theoretical models in operation enabling the measurement and comparison of indicators among urban areas in the different world locations. The analysis was performed on three rankings: Cities in Motion Index, Mercer Quality of Living, Arcadis The Sustainable Index. Findings: The conclusions indicate that the Smart City concept is connected with sustainable development more than to the quality of life. The city rankings concerning the highest life quality is completely different from the hierarchy of smart cities. Originality/value: The paper extends the definition of smart city and it may be valuable for researchers who develop the concept of smart city in their research.

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Xu, Yanmin, Wengang Li, Zhong Chen, Jianjiang Tai, and Chunjiong Zhang. "A Bibliometric-Based Analytical Framework for the Study of Smart City Lifeforms in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22 (November 10, 2022): 14762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214762.

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Smart cities are the future development direction of cities and are a comprehensive expression of the development of the organic life body of cities. The organic life form of a smart city relates to viewing the city as an organic life self-organizing system based on the wholeness and systemic nature of the smart city life form itself, to construct a holistic spatial linkage of the functions and mechanisms of the city life system, and to enhance the overall vitality of the space. This study is based on the literature of “smart city” research in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, and the current situation and related themes of smart city research in China are discussed through co-word analysis and cluster analysis using software such as SPSS and VOSviewer, among which there are four themes in co-word cluster analysis, namely, intelligent technology supporting smart city research; research on the integration of the social system of a smart city; research on the top-level strategic design and planning and construction of a smart city; and research on the development, evaluation, and concrete practice of smart city construction. Four conclusions are drawn from the development of smart city research in China: Firstly, smart city research has attracted the attention of multiple disciplines, and the research themes are scattered and integrated across disciplinary systems. Secondly, smart city construction, development rules, and characteristics need to be further explored, and the problems, future trends, and policy support for the modernization of China’s cities and towns have been focused on engineering and technology, with a lack of practical research in non-technical areas such as humanities and ethics. Thirdly, the philosophical humanism and ecological ethics of smart cities need to be systematized, and their construction and development needs to be humanistic, systematic, and comprehensive, thus contributing to the sustainability, livability, ecology, and wisdom of future urban development. Fourthly, the development of the smart city system is supported by theories related to global cities and innovative cities, and the world city, a product of globalization, is undergoing a transformation into a digital and intelligent organic urban life form.

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Angelidou, Margarita, Artemis Psaltoglou, Nicos Komninos, Christina Kakderi, Panagiotis Tsarchopoulos, and Anastasia Panori. "Enhancing sustainable urban development through smart city applications." Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management 9, no. 2 (July 2, 2018): 146–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstpm-05-2017-0016.

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Purpose This paper investigates the potential contribution of smart city approaches and tools to sustainable urban development in the environment domain. Recent research has highlighted the need to explore the relation of smart and sustainable cities more systematically, focusing on practical applications that could enable a deeper understanding of the included domains, typologies and design concepts, and this paper aims to address this research gap. At the same time, it tries to identify whether these applications could contribute to the “zero vision” strategy, an extremely ambitious challenge within the field of smart cities. Design/methodology/approach This objective is pursued through an in-depth investigation of available open source and proprietary smart city applications related to environmental sustainability in urban environments. A total of 32 applications were detected through the Intelligent/Smart Cities Open Source (ICOS) community, a meta-repository for smart cities solutions. The applications are analyzed comparatively regarding (i) the environmental issue addressed, (ii) the associated mitigation strategies, (iii) the included innovation mechanism, (iv) the role of information and communication technologies and (v) the overall outcome. Findings The findings suggest that the smart and sustainable city landscape is extremely fragmented both on the policy and the technical levels. There is a host of unexplored opportunities toward smart sustainable development, many of which are still unknown. Similar findings are reached for all categories of environmental challenges in cities. Research limitations pertain to the analysis of a relatively small number of applications. The results can be used to inform policy making toward becoming more proactive and impactful both locally and globally. Given that smart city application market niches are also identified, they are also of special interest to developers, user communities and digital entrepreneurs. Originality/value The value added by this paper is two-fold. At the theoretical level, it offers a neat conceptual bridge between smart and sustainable cities debate. At the practical level, it identifies under-researched and under-exploited fields of smart city applications that could be opportunities to attain the “zero vision” objective.

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Yuan, Ying, and Jun-Ho Huh. "A Case Study Analysis of Clothing Shopping Mall for Customer Design Participation Service and Development of Customer Editing User Interface." Mobile Information Systems 2018 (November 11, 2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7698648.

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Following the development of networking and mobile devices, the technology of managing the offline information online is being conducted widely. Also, as the social services have become much more active, users are registering and managing their personal information on online websites and sharing it with other users to acquire the information they need. For modern people living in a smart city, the planning of smarter services is required. The convergence of ET and IT or advanced scientific technologies such as AI or Big Data is often mentioned whenever the smart city is discussed. Nevertheless, smart services that could introduce smart solutions to conventional industries or change existing lifestyles should also be considered. Therefore, this paper discusses a service related to the convergence of the traditional clothing industry with IT and a service wherein CT is converged with systems that allow customers to participate in the design work and share the designs they have created. In other words, this study is a case study of CT and IT services in the clothing industry and is inclusive of an apparel shopping mall service that encourages customer participation in design, a customer-oriented editing user interface, and a copyright management system. The results show that both production method and production capacity largely affect the user interface of apparel platform services, with customer freedom significantly correlated with their functional roles. Moreover, the lead index is shown to be one of the factors restraining customer freedom. With this analysis, an apparel shopping mall wherein customers participate in the design work has been developed especially for clothes with more complex designs. The shopping mall emphasizes functionality from the perspective of customer use. At the same time, an online environment for an apparel service appropriate for the smart city has been implemented.

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Колодий, Н., N. Kolodii, Владимир Трифонов, and Vladimir Trifonov. "SOCIALLY-RESPONSIBLE DESIGN IN A MONOTOWN: THE CASE OF YURGA, KEMEROVO REGION." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 2018, no. 1 (February 25, 2018): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2018-1-27-33.

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<p>The territories of many single-industry towns and smaller settlements with a oncedeveloped industry at the present stage of development do not satisfy the new needs of people. Without a carefully developed concept of development of these territories, the latter become zones of alienation. Weak attention to these objects leads to their degradation, the formation on their territory of storage areas, small and not always legal production, the concentration of questionable business. To date, there are three competing programs that claim to implement and implement in urban development practices: Smart City, Culture-led (leadership through intensive cultural development), Livable City (comfortable city). All of them can improve the quality of life of the main socio-demographic groups or simply contribute to the economic prosperity of cities. The content of the research area: the identification, analysis and resolution of the formation and development problems of the theory and practice of «smart cities» management as social and economic systems with the aim of revealing the stable links and regularities that determine the nature and content of these problems, the logic and mechanisms for their resolution. The project of socially responsible design of the «smart city» in the case of the monotown of Yurga, Kemerovo region, will contribute to the formation of practices of public discussion and the solution of issues related to the formation of a stable comfortable and safe urban environment.</p>

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Pin, Andriy M. "Vertical greening systems as an inherent feature of sustainable smart city." Regional Economy, no. 4(98) (December 2020): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/1562-0905-2020-4-5.

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Considering the processes of social and climate change at the global level, more and more cities worldwide have reformatted development strategies to implement «smart» reforms to ensure sustainable development, increase energy production by expanding renewable resources, and improve waste management. Upgrading to a smart city means improving urban residents’ quality of life by providing cultural, economic, and social development opportunities in a healthy, safe, and inspiring environment. An analysis of the most effective initiatives within the concept of «smart» city, related to the development of «green» buildings with special emphasis on the concept of vertical landscaping. The detailed characteristic of positive effects from the installation of designs of a «green» cloth is given. Among the above advantages of implementing these technologies, reducing pollutant emissions, which are the greenhouse effect’s driving forces, and energy savings are the most significant. Based on the results of the analysis of the effectiveness of the implementation of the concept of vertical landscaping, proposals for the development or improvement of strategies for sustainable development of urban areas with an emphasis on «green» and «smart» technologies.

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Zait, Adriana. "Exploring the role of civilizational competences for smart cities’ development." Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 11, no. 3 (August 21, 2017): 377–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-07-2016-0044.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper was to identify the main necessary competences for smart cities’ development. From their inception until now, smart cities are striving to clarify their identity and become better, and thus, smarter. The whole process is in many ways similar to the journey of a child in his quest of growing into a smart adult, with the help of parents and support from educators. But it is not easy to tell how we, as citizens, through civic, educational and governance structures, raise smart cities. What competences do we need? This was the main question for the present essay, generated from several theoretical and practical experiences. Design/methodology/approach In this study, literature analysis, synthesis and theoretical inferences, for the smart city problematiques, and induction and exploratory qualitative analysis, for soft, civilizational competences, were used. Findings The main conclusion is that the literature still associates the smart city especially with its hard dimension, the highly developed and intelligent technologies, including information and communication technologies (ICTs), despite a growing number of studies dedicated to the soft, human and social capital component. The intangible, soft component – the human actor – plays an equally, if not even more important role, through mechanisms affecting all classical dimensions of smart cities (smart economy, people, governance, mobility, environment, living). Civilizational competences, soft skills or human-related characteristics of cities strongly influenced by culture (at national, regional, organizational and individual levels) are crucial for the development of smart and competitive cities. Civilizational competences are grouped into four categories: enterprise culture, discoursive culture, civic culture and daily culture. If we want to make our cities smart, we need to develop these competences – first define them, then identify their antecedents or influence factors and measure them. Research limitations/implications The study has several limits. First, the exploratory nature in itself, with many inductive and abductive suppositions that will need further testing. Second, the literature selection has a certain degree of subjectivity owing to the fact that besides the common, classical theory of smart cities, the authors were particularly interested in rather heterodox opinions about the subject, which lead them to the inclusion of singular or isolated points of view on narrower issues. Practical implications The findings of this exploratory conceptual essay could be used for further testing of hypotheses on the relationship between civilizational competences and smart cities’ development. Social implications Local and regional administrations could use the results to increase civil society’s involvement in the development of smart cities. Originality/value The study points out some new connections and relations for the smart city problematiques, and explicitly suggests relating the development of smart cities to the development of civilizational competences, as a complex category of factors going beyond the unique dimension of “people” or “human and social capital” from the smart cities literature. It is an exploratory outcome, generating new research hypotheses for the relationships between smart city development and culture-related factors grouped under the “cities” civilizational competences’ label.

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Zhou, Minggui, and Gongxing Yan. "Performance of Ferroelectric Materials in the Construction of Smart Manufacturing for the New Infrastructure of Smart Cities." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (August 21, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3451281.

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Smart city construction is the inevitable product of scientific development and transformation of life by building digital cities, building the Internet of Things, and making city management systems simple and intelligent through cloud computing. Smart city is a new generation information technology. Make full use of the advanced form of urban informatization based on the next generation innovation of knowledge society in all walks of life in the city. Cloud computing is a new network application concept. The core concept of cloud computing is to take the Internet as the center, and provide fast and secure cloud computing services and data storage on the website, so that everyone who uses the Internet can use the huge computing resources and data center on the network. The role of smart city engineering infrastructure is to build the infrastructure of this platform, so that smart cities can operate effectively, such as deformation test of ferroelectric materials, particle suitability analysis of ferroelectric materials, etc., This research is oriented to the intelligent manufacturing of new infrastructures in smart cities and analyzes the performance of ferroelectric materials in construction, aiming to better grasp the performance of ferroelectric materials and provide constructive suggestions for smart manufacturing in smart cities. The article first understands and states the related concepts, related construction requirements, development status and problems that need to be solved for smart city smart manufacturing by consulting relevant materials; then, it discusses the ferroelectric materials involved in the construction, analyzes the data of piezoelectric properties, etc., which will help to give more clear guidance on the process of tooling design; finally, the application link of ferroelectric materials is tested, and the deformation of ferroelectric materials and this premise are discussed on the problem of intelligent manufacturing efficiency and intelligent manufacturing efficiency. The experimental results show that the maximum value in the group of smart manufacturing benefits is 559.37; the maximum value between groups is 172.35. For efficiency of smart manufacturing, the maximum value between groups reaches 187.07; the maximum value in groups is 286.35. Whether it is a significant analysis of smart manufacturing benefits or smart manufacturing efficiency, the experimental results are quite impressive.

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Kasznar, Ana Paula P., Ahmed W. A. Hammad, Mohammad Najjar, Eduardo Linhares Qualharini, Karoline Figueiredo, Carlos Alberto Pereira Soares, and Assed N. Haddad. "Multiple Dimensions of Smart Cities’ Infrastructure: A Review." Buildings 11, no. 2 (February 19, 2021): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11020073.

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In recent years, there has been significant focus on smart cities, on how they operate and develop, and on their technical and social challenges. The importance of infrastructure as a major pillar of support in cities, in addition to the rapid developments in smart city research, necessitate an up-to-date review of smart cities’ infrastructure issues and challenges. Traditionally, a majority of studies have focused on traffic control and management, transport network design, smart grid initiatives, IoT (Internet of Things) integration, big data, land use development, and how urbanization processes impact land use in the long run. The work presented herein proposes a novel review framework that analyzes how smart city infrastructure is related to the urbanization process while presenting developments in IoT sensor networks, big data analysis of the generated information, and green construction. A classification framework was proposed to give insights on new initiatives regarding smart city infrastructure through answering the following questions: (i) What are the various dimensions on which smart city infrastructure research focuses? (ii) What are the themes and classes associated with these dimensions? (iii) What are the main shortcomings in current approaches, and what would be a good research agenda for the future? A bibliometric analysis was conducted, presenting cluster maps that can be used to understand different research trends and refine further searches. A bibliographic analysis was then followed, presenting a review of the most relevant studies over the last five years. The method proposed serves to stress where future research into understanding smart systems, their implementation and functionality would be best directed. This research concluded that future research on the topic should conceptualize smart cities as an emergent socio-techno phenomenon.

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Ntafalias, Aristotelis, Giorgos Papadopoulos, Panagiotis Papadopoulos, and Aapo Huovila. "A Comprehensive Methodology for Assessing the Impact of Smart City Interventions: Evidence from Espoo Transformation Process." Smart Cities 5, no. 1 (January 21, 2022): 90–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities5010006.

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In recent years, the world’s population living in cities has been rapidly increasing. Cities are transforming their infrastructure in a smarter and more efficient way so that sustainable development forms part of their long-term strategy. However, this transformation does not always result in expected benefits due to a variety of factors such as an absence of social acceptance, a lack of holistic design and the development of unilateral interventions. An analysis of the scientific literature related to the evaluation of the impact of smart city actions revealed a gap in the holistic methods for their assessment. To this end, an accurate evaluation of implemented smart solutions focusing on the energy domain is necessary in order to assess the expected and realized impact of each solution. This paper proposes a seven-step methodology for assessing the impact of smart city interventions and presents a use case for the city of Espoo. A number of major findings were the outcome of our research and development work, such as the need for a thorough analysis of the long-term vision of the city, a combined top-down and bottom-up approach and the ongoing cooperation between all stakeholders involved in urban planning and transformation, in which necessary Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are defined.

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Sarić, Željko, Vladimir Obradović, Zorica Bogdanović, Aleksandra Labus, and Svetlana Mitrović. "Crowd-based open innovation in telco operators: Readiness assessment for smart city service development." Serbian Journal of Management 17, no. 1 (2022): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sjm17-36913.

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This paper studies the readiness of the Serbian telco operators and other stakeholders to implement a crowd-based open innovation business model. Telco companies are facing challenges in terms of market demands and with finding new opportunities to attract subscribers with innovative products and services. These innovations are frequently oriented towards smart city services based on emerging technologies such as Internet of things, cloud computing, software defined networks and blockchain. Due to complexity, pace and costs of research and development, telco operators have already recognized the need to shift from a traditional to an open innovation concept. The development of crowdsourcing models has further fueled the possibility to include customers in the open innovation process, in order to better design and develop services suited to their own needs. With this in mind, the goal of this paper is to propose a crowd-based open innovation business model for improvement of innovation capacities of Serbian telco operators. The proposed model is used as the basis of evaluating the readiness of internal and external stakeholders for participation in open innovation projects. The study is based on the adjusted value-based adoption model, while the analysis is performed using the PLS-SEM method. The results show that participants identify trust as the most influential factor for the perceived value of crowd-based open innovation, while the internal stakeholders of telco companies find expected income and reputation as the most relevant. Both groups have shown a high interest in innovations related to smart city services such as smart traffic and ecology-related services.

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Conti, Diego de Melo, Sofia Deodoro dos Santos Camata, Siliane Vanessa Sartori, and Mariana Manente Bettini. "Innovation and sustainable development of smart cities." Journal on Innovation and Sustainability RISUS 13, no. 4 (December 27, 2022): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2022v13i4p32-44.

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A smart city presupposes an innovative society that connects technologies to people, contributing to the development of cities. It implies an approach in which knowledge works as a strategic tool to design efficient and sustainable supply of goods and services to the community. Based on systematic literature review, this research’s objective was to analyze the role of innovation in the sustainable development of smart cities and discuss the research gaps and trends on the topic. The analyzed documents were evaluated in terms of the number of annual publications, the regional mapping of publications, and areas of interest. A relationship network was drawn up with the keywords established by the authors in order to identify research trends and opportunities. Even though we are dealing with a recent topic, the systematic review showed that there are significant important approaches in the field of sustainability, but still little explored, as in the case of studies focused on smart health and governance of urban centers. On the other hand, studies related to the use of "big data" and sustainable development for cities stand out, indicating a possible trend in the scientific area. The increase of scientific interest in the topic was noticed in the analysis, not only because of the growing number of publications, but also because of the varied new research approaching subjects not yet explored.

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Capdevila, Ignasi, and Matías I. Zarlenga. "Smart city or smart citizens? The Barcelona case." Journal of Strategy and Management 8, no. 3 (August 17, 2015): 266–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsma-03-2015-0030.

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Purpose – In recent years, the term “smart city” has attracted a lot of attention from policy makers, business leaders and citizenship in general. Although there is not a unique definition of what a smart city is, it is generally accepted that “smart” urban policies refer to local governments’ initiatives that use information and communication technologies in order to increase the quality of life of their inhabitants while contributing to a sustainable development. So far, “smart city” approaches have generally been related to top-down processes of technology diffusion. The purpose of this paper is to present a broader view on “smart” initiatives to analyze both top-down and bottom-up dynamics in a smart city. The authors argue that these two perspectives are complementary and its combination can reinforce the collaboration between different city stakeholders. Top-down and bottom-up initiatives are not opposed forces but, on the contrary, can have a synergistic effect on the innovation capacity of the city. Both perspectives are illustrated by providing examples of different “smart” aspects in the city of Barcelona: smart districts, open collaborative spaces, infrastructures and open data. Design/methodology/approach – To illustrate the arguments, the authors analyze the case of the city of Barcelona providing examples of top-down and bottom-up initiatives in four different smart city aspects: smart districts, open collaborative spaces, infrastructures and open data. The research method is based on a case study (Yin, 1984). The primary data consisted on interviews to city council representatives as well as managers of local public institutions, like economic development offices, and local organizations like for instance coworking spaces. The authors interviewed also specialists on the innovation history of the city in order to validate the data. In addition, the authors used secondary data such as reports on the 22@, and documentation on the Barcelona innovation policies, as well as doing a compilation of press articles and the online content of the institutional webpages. All together, the authors have followed a data triangulation strategy to seek data validation based on the cross-verification of the analyzed data sources. Findings – The analysis suggests that the top-down and bottom-up perspectives are complementary and their combination can reinforce the collaboration between different city stakeholders. Top-down and bottom-up initiatives are not opposed forces but, on the contrary, can have a synergistic effect on the innovation capacity of the city. Both perspectives are illustrated by providing examples of different “smart” aspects in the city of Barcelona: smart districts, open collaborative spaces, infrastructures and open data. Research limitations/implications – Nevertheless, the analysis has its limitations. Even if the authors have emphasized the importance of the bottom-up initiatives, citizens do not have often the resources to act without governmental intervention. This is the case of services that require high-cost infrastructures or regulatory changes. Also, as it usually happens in the case of disruptive technology, it is hard for citizens to understand the possibilities of its use. In these cases, firms and institutions must play an important role in the first phases of the diffusion of innovations, by informing and incentivizing its use. It is also important to note that some of the emerging usages of technology are confronted to legal or regulatory issues. For instance, distributed and shared Wi-Fi networks might be in opposition to economic interests of internet providers, that often difficult its expansion. It is also the case of services of the sharing economy that represent a menace to established institutions (like the tensions between Uber and taxi companies, or Airbnb and hotels). In these cases, city halls like it is the case in Barcelona, tend to respond to these emergent uses of technology by regulating to ensure protection to existing corporate services. Practical implications – In conclusion, the transformational process that leads a city to become a smart city has to take in consideration the complexity and the plurality of the urban reality. Beyond considering citizens as being users, testers or consumers of technology, local administrations that are able to identify, nourish and integrate the emerging citizens’ initiatives would contribute to the reinforcement of a smart city reality. Originality/value – The contribution of the paper is to go beyond the generalized technologic discourse around smart cities by adding the layer of the citizens’ initiatives.

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Argento, Daniela, Giuseppe Grossi, Aki Jääskeläinen, Stefania Servalli, and Petri Suomala. "Governmentality and performance for the smart city." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 33, no. 1 (October 25, 2019): 204–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-04-2017-2922.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of performance measurement systems as technologies of government in the operationalisation of smart city programmes. It answers the research question: how do the development and use of performance measurement systems support smart cities in the achievement of their goals? Design/methodology/approach This paper presents a longitudinal case study that uses an interventionist approach to investigate the possibilities and limitations of the use of performance measurement systems as technologies of government in a smart city. Interpretations are theoretically informed by the Foucauldian governmentality framework (Foucault, 2009) and by public sector performance measurement literature. Findings The findings address the benefits and criticalities confronting a smart city that introduces new performance measurement systems as a technology of government. Such technologies become problematic tools when the city network is characterised by a fragmentation of inter-departmental processes, and when forms of resistance emerge due to a lack of process owners, horizontal accountability and cooperation among involved parties. Research limitations/implications This paper is based on a case study of a single smart city, and outlines the need for both comparative and multidisciplinary analyses in order to analyse the causes and effects of smart city challenges. Originality/value This paper offers a critical understanding of the role of accounting in the smart city. The ineffectiveness of performance measurement systems is related to the multiple roles of such technologies of government, which may lead to a temporary paralysis in the achievement of smart city goals and programmes.

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Chen, Yi, Dong Yao, and Yinying Duan. "Complexity of the Analysis of Financial Cloud Based on Fuzzy Theory in the Wisdom of Sustainable Urban Development." Complexity 2021 (July 16, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3444437.

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With the rapid growth of our country’s economy, fuzzy theory has become more and more widely used in the financial field. This research mainly explores the application of financial cloud based on fuzzy theory in the sustainable development of smart cities. This research will apply the related knowledge of fuzzy theory, combine the traditional information system risk assessment thought and cloud computing system risk assessment, and propose a series of risk assessment models for the cloud computing system. First, design a smart city model to analyze the potential security issues of the financial cloud computing system. The security level model of cloud computing establishes an index system for evaluation objects based on the level of the security model and uses expert evaluation methods to build models for all levels of the risk profile through the analysis-level process and establish a fuzzy relationship model for each evaluation object value. We objectively evaluate the smart city model based on the designed financial cloud platform. Then, specific statistical analysis is performed on the fuzzy relationship model corresponding to the weight value of the evaluation object, the calculation result is finally obtained, and the risk assessment report of the financial cloud computing system is provided. For every 2% increase in trade dependence, the informatization level of smart cities will drop by about 0.03% on average. The findings have long strengthened the overall coordinated development of the financial system, optimized the financial structure, improved development efficiency, promoted close integration of science and technology and finance, and played the role of government leader it was to fulfill. It shows that we need to maximize it and improve the informatization when building smart cities. The level of development is very important for accelerating urban construction.

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Wu, Youping, and Zhihui Zhou. "Intelligent City 3D Modeling Model Based on Multisource Data Point Cloud Algorithm." Journal of Function Spaces 2022 (July 21, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6135829.

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With the rapid development of smart cities, intelligent navigation, and autonomous driving, how to quickly obtain 3D spatial information of urban buildings and build a high-precision 3D fine model has become a key problem to be solved. As the two-dimensional mapping results have constrained various needs in people’s social life, coupled with the concept of digital city and advocacy, making three-dimensional, virtualization and actualization become the common pursuit of people’s goals. However, the original point cloud obtained is always incomplete due to reasons such as occlusion during acquisition and data density decreasing with distance, resulting in extracted boundaries that are often incomplete as well. In this paper, based on the study of current mainstream 3D model data organization methods, geographic grids and map service specifications, and other related technologies, an intelligent urban 3D modeling model based on multisource data point cloud algorithm is designed for the two problems of unified organization and expression of urban multisource 3D model data. A point cloud preprocessing process is also designed: point cloud noise reduction and downsampling to ensure the original point cloud geometry structure remain unchanged, while improving the point cloud quality and reducing the number of point clouds. By outputting to a common 3D format, the 3D model constructed in this paper can be applied to many fields such as urban planning and design, architectural landscape design, urban management, emergency disaster relief, environmental protection, and virtual tourism.

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Warnecke, Danielle, Rikka Wittstock, and Frank Teuteberg. "Benchmarking of European smart cities – a maturity model and web-based self-assessment tool." Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 10, no. 4 (September 13, 2019): 654–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-03-2018-0057.

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Purpose Benchmarks provide a strategic tool for assessing the sustainability impacts of urban development. Addressing the need for practitioners to evaluate their initiatives, track progress and determine their competitive position, this paper aims to introduce the conception and implementation of a smart city maturity assessment and benchmarking tool. Design/methodology/approach Following a design science approach, application objectives are defined based on a review of literature and related benchmarking tools. Focusing on a subset of functions for the prototype version, these objectives are operationalized by development of a smart mobility maturity model, indicator set and survey. A two-step evaluation by means of a test run using data of five cities and expert interviews confirms the tool’s functionality. Findings Compliance with the defined objectives is achieved by implementation of a Web-based self-assessment tool using objective indicators. Future development iterations are to integrate additional smart city action fields. Practical implications Delivering a city’s maturity level, the tool enables stakeholders to measure the impact of their initiatives. Benchmarking functions for tracking progress and comparison with other projects are provided in the form of graphical analyses. Ac-tionable guidance is supplied for improving the city’s standing. Social implications Strategies supporting a sustainable lifestyle are crucial for smart city development, as the shaping of attractive living spaces and a reliable information and communication technology and physical infrastructure form major selling points for attracting skilled workers, businesses, tourists and citizens. Originality/value Enabling practitioners to self-evaluate their initiatives, providing the option to track progress and supplying guidance for improving a city’ standing, the proposed solution represents a novel form of knowledge transfer.

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Antonio, Nuno, Marisol B. Correia, and Filipa Perdigão Ribeiro. "Exploring User-Generated Content for Improving Destination Knowledge: The Case of Two World Heritage Cities." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (November 19, 2020): 9654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229654.

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This study explores two World Heritage Sites (WHS) as tourism destinations by applying several uncommon techniques in these settings: Smart Tourism Analytics, namely Text mining, Sentiment Analysis, and Market Basket Analysis, to highlight patterns according to attraction, nationality, and repeated visits. Salamanca (Spain) and Coimbra (Portugal) are analyzed and compared based on 8,638 online travel reviews (OTR), from TripAdvisor (2017–2018). Findings show that WHS reputation does not seem to be relevant to visitors-reviewers. Additionally, keyword extraction reveals that the reviews do not differ from language to language or from city to city, and it was also possible to identify several keywords related to history and heritage; in particular, architectural styles, names of kings, and places. The study identifies topics that could be used by destination management organizations to promote these cities, highlights the advantages of applying a data science approach, and confirms the rich information value of OTRs as a tool to (re)position the destination according to smart tourism design tenets.

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Garau, Chiara, and Alfonso Annunziata. "Supporting Children’s Independent Activities in Smart and Playable Public Places." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 11, 2020): 8352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208352.

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The global process of urbanization, and the modification of social interaction determined by the pandemic crisis, poses the issue of the place of vulnerable users and, in particular, children, within the contemporary city. This research aimed to elaborate a theoretical and methodological framework, based on the concepts of affordance and capability, for analyzing the potential of public spaces to enable and support children’s independent activities. This potential, or meaningful usefulness, is expressed by the Index of Meaningful Usefulness of public Urban Spaces (IUIS). The latter is calculated via the tool ‘Opportunities for Children in Urban Spaces’ (OCUS). This methodology is applied to the analysis of significant public spaces within the historic center of the city of Iglesias in Sardinia, Italy. The results reveal adequate usefulness of the selected spaces, while underlining criticalities related to intrinsic spatial and physical attributes. The application to the case study confirms the validity of the theoretical and methodological framework embodied in the OCUS tool for supporting urban design and planning by orienting place-shaping processes towards the acknowledgement of children’s needs.

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Shah, Sayed-Chhattan. "Design of a Machine Learning-Based Intelligent Middleware Platform for a Heterogeneous Private Edge Cloud System." Sensors 21, no. 22 (November 19, 2021): 7701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21227701.

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Recent advances in mobile technologies have facilitated the development of a new class of smart city and fifth-generation (5G) network applications. These applications have diverse requirements, such as low latencies, high data rates, significant amounts of computing and storage resources, and access to sensors and actuators. A heterogeneous private edge cloud system was proposed to address the requirements of these applications. The proposed heterogeneous private edge cloud system is characterized by a complex and dynamic multilayer network and computing infrastructure. Efficient management and utilization of this infrastructure may increase data rates and reduce data latency, data privacy risks, and traffic to the core Internet network. A novel intelligent middleware platform is proposed in the current study to manage and utilize heterogeneous private edge cloud infrastructure efficiently. The proposed platform aims to provide computing, data collection, and data storage services to support emerging resource-intensive and non-resource-intensive smart city and 5G network applications. It aims to leverage regression analysis and reinforcement learning methods to solve the problem of efficiently allocating heterogeneous resources to application tasks. This platform adopts parallel transmission techniques, dynamic interface allocation techniques, and machine learning-based algorithms in a dynamic multilayer network infrastructure to improve network and application performance. Moreover, it uses container and device virtualization technologies to address problems related to heterogeneous hardware and execution environments.

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Liu, Zhen, Zulan Yang, and Mohamed Osmani. "The Relationship between Sustainable Built Environment, Art Therapy and Therapeutic Design in Promoting Health and Well-Being." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 20 (October 17, 2021): 10906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010906.

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At present, a smart city from the perspective of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emphasizes the importance of providing citizens with promising health and well-being. However, with the continuous impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the increase of city population, the health of citizens is facing new challenges. Therefore, this paper aims to assess the relationship between building, environment, landscape design, art therapy (AT), and therapeutic design (TD) in promoting health within the context of sustainable development. It also summarizes the existing applied research areas and potential value of TD that informs future research. This paper adopts the macro-quantitative and micro-qualitative research methods of bibliometric analysis. The results show that: the built environment and AT are related to sustainable development, and closely associated with health and well-being; the application of TD in the environment, architecture, space, and landscape fields promotes the realization of SDGs and lays the foundation for integrating digital technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM) into the design process to potentially solve the challenges of TD; and the principle of TD can consider design elements and characteristics from based on people’s health needs to better promote human health and well-being.

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Madonsela, Boipelo, Stef Koop, Kees Van Leeuwen, and Kirsty Carden. "Evaluation of Water Governance Processes Required to Transition towards Water Sensitive Urban Design—An Indicator Assessment Approach for the City of Cape Town." Water 11, no. 2 (February 7, 2019): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11020292.

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In the face of water related risks resulting from climate change and rapid urbanization, water resources in South African cities have increasingly come under pressure. Following the most recent drought period (2015–2018), local authorities such as the City of Cape Town are being tasked with restructuring policy to include climate change adaptation strategies to adapt more adequately and proactively to these new challenges. This paper describes an evaluation of the water governance processes required to implement Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) in Cape Town—with a specific focus on the barriers to, and opportunities for, those processes related to wastewater treatment, flood risk and the pressing issue of water scarcity. The City Blueprint Approach (CBA) was selected as the indicator assessment approach for this task. The CBA is a set of diagnostic tools comprising the Trends and Pressures Framework, the City Blueprint Framework and the Governance Capacity Framework. This was applied to Cape Town based on in-depth interviews and publicly available information. The analysis revealed that smart monitoring, community knowledge and experimentation with alternative water management technologies are important when considering uncertainties and complexities in the governance of urban water challenges. We conclude that there is potential for Cape Town to transition to a water sensitive city through learning from this experimentation and by implementing WSUD strategies that address water scarcity following the shifts in governance caused by the 2015–2018 drought.

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Dudek, Tomasz, and Artur Kujawski. "The Concept of Big Data Management with Various Transportation Systems Sources as a Key Role in Smart Cities Development." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 15, 2022): 9506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249506.

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An increasing number of devices and their communication with each other generates huge amounts of data. The efficiency of processing such large and heterogeneous data is crucial for extracting the reliable and consistent information that is needed for the effective management of smart cities within the field of transport. Data heterogeneity and volume as well as its integration and analytics are big challenges for decision-makers. The development of urban agglomerations is largely dependent on the proper management of such data. Therefore, this paper explores the role of these data repositories, their acquisition from different sources, and the ways to combine them. The main goal of this paper is to propose a concept of Smart City management based on Big Data Analytics and technology related to UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) which may reduce costs and resource consumption. The presented concept includes successive data generation and collection, data type identification, problem and requirement identification, filtering, classification, pre-processing, and data optimization, as well as decision support analysis. A key part of this analysis utilizes computer algorithms, such as Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF) and Thresholding and Blob detection, to develop a multi-camera image recognition system for freight transport management and logistics in smart cities. The objective is to design a system that optimizes the route planning and time of vehicle passage on selected road sections, ultimately leading to the reduction of emissions. During the study, data obtained from multiple sources were compared, and the analysis uncovered different results for the same assumptions. We discuss the reasons for these variances. Overall, the results obtained in the analysis indicated that it is necessary to correct the predictions of the multi-camera image recognition system with additional methods and algorithms.

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Wang, Yijin. "Study of energy-efficient architecture address utilizing topography and geomorphology based on Google Earth and its remote sensing data." E3S Web of Conferences 206 (2020): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020601020.

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In this paper, we describe the formatting guidelines for ACM SIG Proceedings. With the development of social economy, smart cities, especially green energy-saving buildings, are foremost trend in the future. The location of green buildings has a very important impact on the design and plan of future smart cities. The influence of the natural environment, especially that of the topography and landform on the location of architectural design is very significant. Google Earth (GE) platform can provide sufficient remote sensing data, which greatly interpret and promote surface information. However, just few people have done related research. This article takes Beijing as an example and uses Google Earth platform and the remote sensing data to obtain the 3D digital elevation model (DEM) data; and then Google earth’s geomorphology data are used to analyze the landform features. Finally, by analyzing their characteristics and distribution features, five energy-saving building locations were selected in Beijing. It can be concluded that GE, is an effective and potential platform for providing remote sensing data, and analyzing the DEM and landform. The rational analysis of the building addresses in this paper could help the buildings to avoid potential geological disasters and make full use of natural resources. Moreover, this research on energyefficient building addresses make a suggestion for future smart city planning.

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Panfilova, Anna O. "On the question of a comfortable urban environment: Sociological aspects of development (Based on the case-study of Vladivostok сity)." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Sociology. Politology 22, no. 4 (November 23, 2022): 370–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1818-9601-2022-22-4-370-379.

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The article contains the author’s generalization of the available research data for the purpose of sociological representation of the urban environment comfort and design tools for its development. The subject of the study is presented as a parameter of socio-spatial development and as a task, the importance of which is articulated at the state level and has its own regulatory, documentary and expert confirmation. The study used methods of content analysis and expert online interviewing of a semi-formalized type. The comfort parameter is shown through a number of target and instrumental components; the conditions for its development are highlighted. Expertly formulated important principles for the development of a comfortable urban environment are as follows: striving for a social balance of interests of the subjects involved; ensuring trust between them; development of the human potential of the city. Digitalization itself and the Smart City concept in particular are neutral tools; their nature and effectiveness depend on what tasks they solve, how they fit into the specifics of certain spaces. A number of related factors and implementation risks are formulated with reference to a specific case; its representativeness to the declared topic is shown. Possible directions for further efforts to address them are noted.

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Abdrassilova, Gulnara, Nina Umniakova, and Bekzat Kakimzhanov. "DIGITALIZATION OF ECONOMY AND DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE." Биосферная совместимость: человек, регион, технологии, no. 1(25) (April 1, 2019): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/23-11-1518-2019-25-1-3-13.

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The article discusses the increasingly popular in the work concept of the digital economy and its influ-ence on the development of architecture. Digital economics is the one where a kind of cyber-physical system acts as an industrial complex creating products and services that ensure the life and comfort of the population. Technological advancement makes it possible to carry out more and more not only commercial, but also other operations online (distance learning, medical consultations, online design etc.). The authors of the article are trying to find answers to the questions: what is a digital economy, how does architecture integrate into a digital economy, what do architects need to study in order to be ready to work in a digital economy? Computer programs are widely used not only in architectural design, but also in all related technical are-as (calculation and design of buildings and structures, engineering systems etc.). Based on the analysis of the design practice, the authors of the article divide the use of digital technologies in architecture into two groups: software products as a design tool and digital technologies as elements of the structural, technical and func-tional characteristics of buildings and structures. All elements of virtual design are embedded in modern systems, for example, BIM – building information modeling. The article considers how in the projects of modern buildings and complexes in the digital econo-my, the elements of innovative technologies are used, such as Smart House, Smart City. It is indisputable that modern architecture as a sphere of production of the human life environment is an integral part of the digital economy and is developing its own digital environment. The main conclusion of the authors: in order to be ready for practical activities, students-architects need to realize that modern architecture will develop in line with the digital economy. Therefore, the future archi-tect needs to master all the components of the digital environment of the architecture, both the digital design tools and the smart technology.

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Rath, Mamata, and Binod Pattanayak. "Technological improvement in modern health care applications using Internet of Things (IoT) and proposal of novel health care approach." International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 12, no. 2 (May 7, 2019): 148–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhrh-01-2018-0007.

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Purpose With the development of emerging engineering technology and industrialization, there are greater changes in the life style of people in smart urban cities; therefore, there is also more chance of various health problems in urban areas. The life style of persons in metro urban areas with the expansive volume of population is similarly influenced by different application and administration frameworks. These are affecting the human health system up to an extended extent and there are more health-related issues and health hazard concerns that can be identified in urban areas. The purpose of this paper is to present an analytical study on various aspects of the smart health care system in a smart perspective by analyzing them with respect to emerging engineering technologies such as mobile network, cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics and ubiquitous computing. This paper also carries out a detailed survey of health issues and improved solutions in automated systems using these technologies. Second, the paper also presents a novel health care system using smart and safe ambulances and their appropriate control at traffic points with safety and security features in a smart city, so that the valuable life of patients can be saved in time by immediate treatment in nearest hospital or health care units. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, an analytical survey was conducted for improvement in the health care sector using computer technology and IoT-based various modern health care applications. An idea of Smart Health Care Hospital using sensors, mobile agent smart vehicle configuration and safety traffic control for ambulance was proposed. Findings A simulation was carried out to see the performance of a safety mechanism in the proposed approach. Comparative analysis was carried out with other approaches to know the execution time, response time and probable delay due to the implementation of this approach. Originality/value It is an original research work with motivation inspired from current emergent technology to apply in the health care system.

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Pedrós-Pérez, Gerardo, Pilar Martínez Jiménez, and Pilar Aparicio Martínez. "La imagen de la Bicicleta en la comunicación publicitaria: movilidad sostenible, smartcity y cambio climático." Hábitat y Sociedad, no. 13 (October 4, 2020): 125–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/habitatysociedad.2020.i13.08.

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Active mobility has been described as a healthy action, it also contributes to diminish climate change and improvethe air quality. Research the advertisements in the roles of mobility from anenvironmental and energy point of view is highly relevant. In this analysis the bicycle appears as an added element, from company campaigns to institutional advertising, and also of specific advertisements where bicycles are directly marketed. This study had as objective to provide a novel analysis of adverting regarding bicycle and mobility. A quantitative and qualitative analysis has been carried out based on diverse publicizing documents spread during the last twenty years. Based on the analysis, the results showed how the role of the bicycle presented in publicity not related about mobility seems to be equal better communication between people, transport, fun and healthy element good and bad practices identified and analyzed in both corporate and institutional campaigns. Also, some bicycle advertisements reuse the slogans for automobiles, focusing on gadgets or design. Based on the analysis, it would be wise to insist on the development of communication guides that focus on the bicycle as an element of the smart city, electric mobility, zero emissions vehicle and healthy transport, both from individual and collectivebeneficial perspective.

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Galvão, João Rafael, Licinio Moreira, Gonçalo Gaspar, Samuel Vindeirinho, and Sérgio Leitão. "Energy system retrofit in a public services building." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 28, no. 3 (April 10, 2017): 302–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-02-2014-0028.

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Purpose Taking into account the current relevance of the concept of smart city connected with the Internet of Things, this work aims to study the implementation of this concept by applying a new energy model in an existing public building. The purpose of this paper is to enhance the sustainability and energy autonomy of the building. Design/methodology/approach The building referred to in the case study is a library, and simulations related to the ongoing study are based on an energy audit, comprising a survey on electrical and thermal energy consumption. The innovative proposed model consists of a mix of energy production processes based on photovoltaic panels and biomass boilers. Economic analysis of the energy model has already yielded some results regarding the payback on investment, as well as avoided emissions in the context of development of a low-carbon economy with avoided emissions and socioeconomic advantages. Findings It is possible to enhance the sustainability of the library studied by the retrofit of the current energy system. With the integration of photovoltaic panels and the conversion or replacement of boilers from natural gas to biomass, the GHG emissions could drop around 121 t CO2 per year. Another benefit would be the inclusion of endogenous resources over imported energy resources. The payback period for the measures proposed ranges from 2.5 to 8 years, proving that the increase in environmental sustainability is viable. Originality/value The intention here is to implement the concept of smart city, in more sustainable buildings, bringing them to the lowest possible energy consumption levels, hence increasing performance and comfort. Also, taking into account that the energy-consuming buildings are already constructed, it is urgent to reconvert them to lower the use of energy and emissions using technologies based on renewable energy, boosting the use of local resources.

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Butryn, Krzysztof, Elżbieta Jasińska, Oleksandra Kovalyshyn, and Edward Preweda. "Sustainable formation of urban development on the example of the primary real estate market in Krakow." E3S Web of Conferences 86 (2019): 00010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20198600010.

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Due to the high demand on the housing market, it may seem that every investment will find buyers’ interest and the key is its economic dimension. Meanwhile, in the Krakow real estate market, one can observe the trend of SMART market creation, in which the added value is the quality of life of residents of a given investment, especially in terms of using renewable energy sources and ensuring a well-organized space around the investment. The implementation of intelligent energy networks and the widespread use of renewable energy sources will result in more efficient energy transfer, waste recycling, faster identification of the threat and repair after a possible failure. Using, for example, the resources of the National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management, the implementation of ecological solutions is not related to the excessive price of such investments, and guarantees a higher quality of life for new owners. The article presents good practices in the design of housing estates in the city of Krakow. One of such closed settlements is "Osiedle Fi", whose location guarantees good public transport, additionally underground parking places a lot of green areas outside, positively affecting the microclimate of the area. The buildings are made of natural materials and the common parts of the property are illuminated from solar energy. The use of renewable energy sources favors both the environment and reduces the cost of maintaining the property. Rainwater is also used. The next smart housing estate is "Osiedle Ozon". It is a comfortable housing estate with functional land development. Among its main attributes, it is worth mentioning a lot of greenery and naturally diversified terrain. There were used plant species, which have the ability to catch harmful chemicals or dust from soil and air. In this work, a statistical analysis was conducted to compare the prices of housing properties in these two selected settlements to the prices of real estate in the area, indicating statistically insignificant differences in the economic aspect, with significant differences in the quality of life of the potential buyer.

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Pettit, Chris, Y. Shi, H. Han, M. Rittenbruch, M. Foth, S. Lieske, R. van den Nouwelant, et al. "A new toolkit for land value analysis and scenario planning." Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 47, no. 8 (May 18, 2020): 1490–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399808320924678.

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In the digital era of big data, data analytics and smart cities, a new generation of planning support systems is emerging. The Rapid Analytics Interactive Scenario Explorer is a novel planning support system developed to help planners and policy-makers determine the likely land value uplift associated with the provision of new city infrastructure. The Rapid Analytics Interactive Scenario Explorer toolkit was developed following a user-centred research approach including iterative design, prototyping and evaluation. Tool development was informed by user inputs obtained through a series of co-design workshops with two end-user groups: land valuers and urban planners. The paper outlines the underlying technical architecture of the toolkit, which has the ability to perform rapid calculations and visualise the results, for the end-users, through an online mapping interface. The toolkit incorporates an ensemble of hedonic pricing models to calculate and visualise value uplift and so enable the user to explore what if? scenarios. The toolkit has been validated through an iterative case study approach. Use cases were related to two policy areas: property and land valuation processes (for land taxation purposes) and value uplift scenarios (for value capture purposes). The cases tested were in Western Sydney, Australia. The paper reports on the results of the ordinary least square linear regressions – used to explore the impacts of hedonic attributes on property value at the global level – and geographically weighted regressions – developed to provide local estimates and explore the varying spatial relationships between attributes and house price across the study area. Building upon the hedonic modelling, the paper also reports the value uplift functionality of the Rapid Analytics Interactive Scenario Explorer toolkit that enables users to drag and drop new train stations and rapidly calculate expected property prices under a range of future transport scenarios. The Rapid Analytics Interactive Scenario Explorer toolkit is believed to be the first of its kind to provide this specific functionality. As it is problem and policy specific, it can be considered an example of the next generation of data-driven planning support system.

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Prasetyo, Yuli Adam, and Muharman Lubis. "Smart City Architecture Development Methodology (SCADM): A Meta-Analysis Using SOA-EA and SoS Approach." SAGE Open 10, no. 2 (April 2020): 215824402091952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020919528.

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Architecture and methodology development for smart city are still being carried out together in clarifying the scope of smart city. This is because the application of Enterprise Architecture (EA) still does not accommodate its characteristics as a form of System of System. This study discusses the EA research overview on smart city design and the gaps in EA implementation for smart city architecture development. This research is intended to create a smart city architecture development methodology as a System of System for reference architecture with the collaboration of several systems. The system is an element of smart city designed and developed by the leaders of each coordinated system. In the end, this methodology can form the basis for building and coordinating the development of a collaborative smart city by several actors.

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Prasetyo, Yuli Adam, and Ichwan Habibie. "Smart City Architecture Development Framework (SCADEF)." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 6, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 869. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.6.4.1537.

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Smart City is a city that implements the latest technologies, such as big data, IoT, Artificial Intelligence, and other new technologies. Smart City has different system characteristics than other systems. Smart City involves several independent stakeholders, so the development of a smart city needs to be designed with a system analysis system and service-based planning. Smart City Architecture Development Methodology (SCADM) has been defined from the previous research. However, the existing Enterprise Architecture approach has yet to specify the artefact to complete the framework. This study recommends the Smart City Architecture Framework (SCADEF) as a comprehensive Enterprise Architecture Framework to develop Smart City Architecture. The architecture framework produced by SCADEF becomes the proposed architecture framework for realizing Smart City. SCADEF consists of SCADM, Meta-model Smart City Architecture Development Methodology Artefact, and guidelines by the implementation SCADEF. The research uses observation, classification, and construction methodologies in Information System Design Methodology. In addition, this study also tested the framework by implementing it on city objects. This implementation is a practical test tool for the resulting enterprise architecture framework. This study implemented SCADEF in the education and health field at Bandung Smart City. Implementing testing on the implementation of SCADEF is to explain the implementation in Bandung Smart City and ask for an assessment from enterprise architecture experts. The results of the expert assessments were calculated statistically to assess the methodology, artefacts, and uses. The measurement results show that SCADEF can be accepted and used to develop enterprise smart city architecture.

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Kumar, Harish, Manoj Kumar Singh, M. P. Gupta, and Jitendra Madaan. "Smart neighbourhood." Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management 9, no. 2 (July 2, 2018): 210–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstpm-04-2017-0009.

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Purpose This paper aims to identify the key factors to design efficient, healthy and potentially economical neighbourhood places in the surroundings of smart cities to reduce the urban polarization for the sustainable urban development. Design/methodology/approach A two-stage methodology is followed. First, the key factors for neighbourhood are identified from literature studies. The selected factors are validated by sample t-tests. Second, the total interpretive structural modeling is used to interpret the complexity of relationships among various factors. Further, cross-impact matrix multiplication is applied for classification analysis to find the most driving factors for neighbourhood design. Findings The contribution of this research is to show hierarchical relationships among the various factors to design the neighbourhood places as smart from the perspectives of city planners and decision makers. Research limitations/implications The applicability of the research findings is limited to developing countries mainly where population is large and most of cities have high pressure on its infrastructure to fulfil the citizens’ demands. Practical implications This paper will aid policymakers, city planners and government officials to design a sustainable smart city model in which smart neighbourhood would also be the potential solution to decrease pressure on a city’s critical infrastructure especially in developing countries. Social implications A smart city could be considered as the centre point of smart initiatives to develop a place smart, and it should continue beyond the city boundaries to enhance the facilities, services, resources utilization and working environment in neighbourhood places also. Originality/value The study explores the various literature on neighbourhood planning and then link with smart city development as current need of urban development scenario. The authors propose a hierarchical relation framework to develop the neighbourhood places as smart places to meet the future demand of urbanization in developing countries like India.

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Zhao, Zihan, and Yuhan Zhang. "Impact of Smart City Planning and Construction on Economic and Social Benefits Based on Big Data Analysis." Complexity 2020 (November 10, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8879132.

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With the progress of urbanization, urban management is facing a series of challenges in the new situation. The scale of the city is growing, urban management problems are increasingly prominent, the urban population is showing a rapid growth trend, and various elements of urban infrastructure management, such as rapid growth and urban expansion, have increased the load of urban infrastructure. To make overall planning for urban transportation, municipal administration, economic industry, and public service, intelligent urban planning and construction came into being. Big data technology provides important support for the construction and development of smart city, which is not only an effective means to improve the design of smart city, but also the premise for the development of smart city. Therefore, this paper first introduces the characteristics of smart city, analyses the application of big data technology in smart city design, and finally evaluates the impact of smart city planning and construction based on big data on economic and social benefits.

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Noori, Negar, Thomas Hoppe, and Martin de Jong. "Classifying Pathways for Smart City Development: Comparing Design, Governance and Implementation in Amsterdam, Barcelona, Dubai, and Abu Dhabi." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 14, 2020): 4030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104030.

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The emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) as the new paradigm of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and rapid changes in technology and urban needs urge cities around the world towards formulating smart city policies. Nevertheless, policy makers, city planners, and practitioners appear to have quite different expectations from what smart cities can offer them. This has led to the emergence of different types of smart cities and pathways of development. This paper aims to answer the research question: When comparing a selection of smart city projects, can we classify pathways for their implementation? We do this by using a cross-case research design of four cities to explore commonalities and differences in development patterns. An input-output (IO) model of smart city development is used to retrieve which design variables are at play and lead to which output. The four cases pertain to the following smart city projects: Smart Dubai, Masdar City, Barcelona Smart City, and Amsterdam Smart City. Our analysis shows that Amsterdam is based on a business-driven approach that puts innovation at its core; for Masdar, technological optimism is the main essence of the pathway; social inclusion is the focus of Barcelona Smart City; and visionary ambitious leadership is the main driver for Smart Dubai. Based on these insights, a classification for smart city development pathways is established. The results of the present study are useful to academic researchers, smart city practitioners, and policy makers.

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Aggarwal, Tanu, and Priya Solomon. "Quantitative analysis of the development of smart cities in India." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 9, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 711–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-06-2019-0076.

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Purpose Smart cities are an attempt to recognize the pioneering projects designed to make the cities livable, sustainable, functional and viable. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate funding released by the government city wise and sources available for finance for the development of the smart cities. The impact of fund released by the government for the development of smart cities (Chandigarh, Karnal, Faridabad, Pune, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Kanpur, Delhi, Lucknow and Agra) in India has been studied in detail. Urbanization is a continuous process, which is taking place throughout the globe, especially in developing countries like India. Design/methodology/approach The research is descriptive in nature. The sources of funding for smart cities in India have been taken into consideration, and χ2 test of independence has been employed to study the impact of fund released by the government for smart city development in India by using IBM SPSS. Findings The total investment, area-based projects, pan-city initiatives and O&M costs for smart cities ranged between Rs 133,368 and Rs 203,979 lakh crores, Rs 105,621 and Rs 163,138 lakh crores, Rs 26,141 and Rs 38,840 lakh crores, and Rs 1,604 and Rs 1,999 lakh crores, respectively, in the year 2016 (for 60 smart cities) to 2017 (for 99 smart cities), which shows an increasing trend. The investment in retrofitting projects, redevelopment projects, greenfield projects and area-based projects ranged between Rs 94,419 and Rs 131,003 lakh crores, Rs 8,247 and Rs 23,119 lakh crores, Rs 2,955 and Rs 8,986 lakh crores, and Rs 105,621 and Rs 163,138 lakh crores, respectively, in the year 2016 (60 smart cities) to 2017 (99 smart cities), which shows the division of projects funding for smart city development in India. The funding released for smart city development such as other sources, loans from the financial institution, private investment, convergence, state government share funding and Central Government Funding ranged between Rs 14,828 and Rs 15,930 lakh crores, Rs 7,775 and Rs 9,795 lakh crores, Rs 30,858 and Rs 43,622 lakh crores, Rs 25,726 and Rs 43,088 lakh crores, Rs 27,260 and Rs 45,695 lakh crores, and Rs 29,207 and Rs 47,858 lakh crores, respectively, in the year 2016 (60 smart cities) to 2017 (99 smart cities), which reflects the different sources of funding for the development of smart cities in India. The χ2 test of independence has been applied, which shows that there is no impact of fund released by the government on cities for smart city development in India as the p-values of Chandigarh (0.213), Karnal (0.199), Faridabad (0.213), Pune (0.199), Chennai (0.213), Ahmadabad (0.199), Kanpur (0.199), Delhi (0.199), Kolkata, Lucknow (0.213) and Agra (0.199) are greater than 0.05. Research limitations/implications For the Smart Cities Mission to be financially sustainable, the right policy and institutional framework should be implemented for modernization and aggregation of government landholding. Consolidation of all the landholdings under the smart city project should be properly implemented, and the role of private sectors should be encouraged for public‒private partnership projects to make Smart City Mission more successful. Practical implications The benefits of smart cities development will help provide affordable, cleaner and greener housing infrastructure for all, especially the inclusive group of developers belonging to the lower middle-income strata of India, and the benefits will be replicated when adopted on a smaller scale in the rural part of the country. Originality/value The research paper is original and χ2 test has been used to study the impact of fund released by the government for smart city development in India.

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Ban, Olimpia-Iuliana, Monica-Eva Faur, Elena-Aurelia Botezat, Florica Ștefănescu, and Jozsef Gonczi. "An IPA Approach towards Including Citizens’ Perceptions into Strategic Decisions for Smart Cities in Romania." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (October 16, 2022): 13294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013294.

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City administrators have begun to consider citizens’ perception as an essential enabler of smart and sustainable city development. In response to their need, our study mainly aimed to analyze the citizens’ perceptions related to the attributes of a smart city and to offer an evidence-based importance–performance analysis (IPA) technique, revised with triangular number fuzzy, to set priorities to develop it further successfully, taking Oradea, Romania, as an example. Specifically, we investigated varying the citizens’ perceptions regarding the attributes of a smart city across the thematic content analysis followed by an IPA approach to identify the attributes of a smart city that could be expected to advance its future development. The results show that most of our respondents appreciated the city administrators’ efforts and expressed relatively higher preferences for the fifteen smart city attributes of Oradea on which the local authorities should focus. The research brings valuable insight into the strategic decision making related to smart city development, which can serve academics and practitioners, complementing existing literature on the citizens’ perception of sustainable smart city development.

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Qi, Lei, and Jing Guo. "Development of smart city community service integrated management platform." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 15, no. 6 (June 2019): 155014771985197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147719851975.

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With the acceleration of the construction of smart city in China, the construction of a smart community that acts as the last mile of a smart city is highly valued. Development of smart community service integrated management platform is to utilize intelligent equipment and software platform, to build an information platform for information sharing, service integration, and resource optimization, and to ultimately realize intelligent management and innovative services within the community. In this article, we propose the overall framework and application system of the intelligent community integrated service platform, providing a strong theoretical basis for the construction of smart communities at this stage, and carry out detailed analysis and design of the underlying infrastructure, supporting platform and basic database of the platform.

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Sha, Yutian, Mohan Li, Huikun Xu, Shaohan Zhang, and Tianxin Feng. "Smart City Public Safety Intelligent Early Warning and Detection." Scientific Programming 2022 (June 13, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7552601.

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This study conducts in-depth research and analysis on the intelligent monitoring and early warning of public safety machines in the construction of smart cities, taking risk management theory as the theoretical basis and combining it with the actual situation, i.e., constructing a public safety risk management framework under the background of proposing urban refinement management, a typical case for in-depth analysis, and understanding how the community carries out public safety risk prevention and control through research and interviews and other research methods, mainly including the overall design and the design of application modules for the robot. Based on studying the existing research and combining the advantages of each research method, this study proposes a method suitable for the analysis of this study, which can improve efficiency and accuracy. The robot application module design part, around the system’s main emergency command object, i.e., the robot, details its design in four aspects: data communication, situation display, auxiliary decision-making, and command and dispatch. The technical environment for system development is given, the development framework based on BS structure and the development and implementation of data interface modules are detailed, and the development and implementation of the robot application module are explained in detail. Finally, the system functions and performance, and further optimization directions are given based on the analysis of the test results.

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Zhou, Shuling, Xi Zhang, Juan Liu, Kaihua Zhang, and Yuqing Zhao. "Exploring development of smart city research through perspectives of governance and information systems: a scientometric analysis using CiteSpace." Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management 11, no. 4 (May 25, 2020): 431–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstpm-05-2019-0051.

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Purpose Smart cities show a “booming” trend both in the academia and the industry in recent years. Scholars across the world have been investigating how new technologies are applied to develop new services to the inhabitants and cities all over the world also address the “smart cities” challenges by promoting policymaking and governance. This paper aims to conduct in-depth research on smart cities by combining the study of governance policy study and information technology study. Design/methodology/approach This paper empirically mapped the trends of smart city development, outstanding scholars and hot topics about smart cities by analyzing important references using CiteSpace. The authors visualized references and topics to analyze smart city research, based on empirical data from Web of Science. Furthermore, two most important research branches – topics from smart city governance research and those from information systems (IS) research were studied, respectively. Findings First, the authors mapped the development of research and divided the development into three different stages. Second, the authors explored important, influential and instructive publications and publications’ attributes including authors, institutions, journals and topics. Third, the authors found there are different characteristics between the IS group and the governance group in publication situations, influential institutions, journals and authors, although the research points of the two branches are overlapping and fragmented. Finally, the authors proposed important topics, which include “internet of things (IoT)”, “big data”, “smart city systems” and “smart city management” and the authors predicted that “IoT” and “smart city challenge” would be future trends in recent years. Originality/value This study is an innovative research of its category because it visualized the development of smart city research, analyzed both governance and technology branches of smart city research synthetically using CiteSpace and forecasted future trends of smart city research by topics analysis and visualization of evolution.

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Lee, Hyunju. "Analysis of Chinese Smart City Entry Potential and Consideration of Entry Strategy: Focusing on Analysis of Institutional Entry Environment and Technological Competitiveness." Northeast Asia Economic Association Of Korea 34, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 87–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.52819/jnes.2022.34.1.87.

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This study aims to examine the current status of the Chinese smart city market, evaluate the potential to enter China's smart city through corporate FGI and Korea-China technology competitiveness evaluation, and present implications for Korea's entry strategy. As for the entry of foreign companies, it was confirmed that the government policy classifies key technology fields directly related to smart cities such as smart devices, artificial intelligence, 5G communication technology, IoT, and blockchain technology as investment incentives. In addition, it was confirmed that it is difficult to say that Korea is dominating China except for technologies such as smart devices, ICT convergence, and the Internet of Things in Korea-China smart city technology competitiveness analysis. Based on this market judgment, this study proposed corporate matching and cooperation support through "(tentative) Smart City Korea-China online corporate cooperation platform", at the corporate level, seeking business opportunities based on demand for smart city development.

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AL-Dabbagh, Riadh. "Dubai, the sustainable, smart city." Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability 7 (2022): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rees/2021049.

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Over the years, Dubai − UAE has achieved undoubtedly fascinating development in city styles and construction. The desert has been transferred to an advanced modern city with the tallest buildings in a considerable time. It has always encouraged achieving healthy and sustainable development in all sectors, explicitly building construction. It has and still working towards maintaining the balance between socio-economic development and environmental protection. It has been announced and put within the national vision that it is of priority for the Government to transform Dubai into a smart city with an eco-friendly economy. This is under the aim to make it the most sustainable city in the world by 2021. The other Emirates are also trying to build their own fully sustainable cities. A sustainable plan is “a building that reduces its environmental impact by decreasing energy and water use and reducing the waste production. Dubai's Green Building Regulations and Specifications encourage all contractors to build toward an eco-friendlier tomorrow, maintaining the future cohorts without negatively impacting the resident's health. It covers a wide range of topics related to green building design, including ecology planning, building vitality, resource efficiency in energy, water, materials, and waste management. Dubai has made the environment a part of its overall strategic plan, including many sub-plans, initiatives, and projects to improve the emirate's environmental conditions and reduce energy use. Dubai's strategic plan to become a green metropolis includes green buildings and green building materials. The difficulties that sustainable urban development presents are considerable. They are working on various techniques to lead today's urbanisation toward sustainability, including urban planning, transportation infrastructure, quality of life, and renewable energy use, to name a few. Green construction and green towns are part of a long-term national drive in the UAE to promote a green economy with the tagline “A green economy for sustainable development”. This paper is highlighting the advanced initiatives, technologies, materials, strategies, difficulties and challenges that Dubai has been through to achieve sustainable smart city goals.

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Yang, Weijun, Xiaohuan Xi, Liang Guo, Zhaoxia Chen, and Yong Ma. "Guangzhou Digital City Landscape Planning Based on Spatial Information from the Perspective of Smart City." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (March 17, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5572652.

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With the development of society and the improvement of urban economic level, people are no longer satisfied with the simple material and functional requirements of the city; thus, the spiritual requirements of city beauty, environmental quality, place atmosphere, and so on need to be improved. Based on the above background, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the landscape planning of Guangzhou’s digital city based on spatial information from the perspective of smart cities. Based on the relevant theoretical research, this paper combs the ideas of intelligent urban road landscape design. This paper analyzes the concept of urban road and smart road and puts forward the definition and characteristics of intelligent urban road landscape; according to the research on the development status of urban road and the connotation of smart city, combined with the concept and principle of urban road landscape design, it summarizes the design method of smart city road landscape. This paper, taking the innovative design of urban landscape as the research object and using the research methods of literature analysis and field investigation, innovatively combines the urban landscape design with digital information technology, changes the traditional landscape design ideas, constructs the urban landscape innovative design model, realizes the personalization of the urban landscape design, as well as the intelligent, digital, diversified, and humanized service and function. The experimental results show that nearly 60% of people are satisfied with the Guangzhou digital urban landscape planning based on spatial information in the smart city perspective.

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Choi, Young-Sang. "Smart city development projects in the Republic of Korea." R-Economy 6, no. 1 (2020): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/recon.2020.6.1.004.

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Research relevance. The article discusses the experience of South Korea in the sphere of smart city projects. The study's relevance is determined, on the one hand, by the role smart cities play in the creation of the new urban living space, in enhancement of urban economy and, on the other, by the need to analyze and systematize the best practices of smart city development. Research aim. The study describes the development of the 'smart city' concept in South Korea. Smart city is understood as a complex eco-system, which, on the one hand, comprises a range of technological and socio-economic processes and, on the other, involves such actors as government, corporations, research organizations and urban communities. Data and methodology. The study relies on methods of comparative and evolutionary analysis to analyze the concept of smart city and its structure by focusing on the case of South Korea, the world's renowned ICT leader. The study also provides cross-national comparisons of the experience of other developed Asian countries (Japan and China), which, like South Korea, are actively supporting building of smart cities on the state level. Results. The study describes the main stages in the development of the smart city concept in South Korea as well as the main types of smart city projects (pilot projects, research validation projects, and city restoration projects). The study identifies problems of planning, design and implementation of smart city projects and compares the relevant experience of South Korea, Japan and China. It is shown that although smart city projects in these countries were launched in approximately the same period, each of these countries has its own approach to smart cities and ways of their development. Conclusions. The key to Korea's success in smart city development lies in large-scale direct state support, public trust in the government and the application of an integrated approach to smart city development. At the current stage, smart city services not only provide enhanced comfort to city dwellers but also create more opportunities for their personal growth.

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Keh, Eirene, Madalynne Lawrence, Rosanne Sauz, Nastaran Dadashi, and Nazanin Homayounfar. "The Ethical Smart City Framework & Toolkit: An Inclusive Application of Human-Centered Design and Public Engagement in Smart City Development." Interaction Design and Architecture(s), no. 50 (December 20, 2021): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-050-004.

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The Ethical Smart City (ESC) framework and toolkit were developed in direct response to municipalities interested in transforming into inclusive, sustainable smart cities but did not know how to begin. Presented here, the developed online ESC toolkit and virtual workshop are novel methods for data collection, analysis, and impact assessment for smart city projects. This paper documents our approach and findings for developing the online public engagement tool and its execution, the workshop, for the co-design of smart city projects. We evaluate both the toolkit and workshop using usability heuristics and discuss how the heuristics achieve the three characteristics of an Ethical Smart City workshop.

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Espinoza-Arias, Paola, María Poveda-Villalón, Raúl García-Castro, and Oscar Corcho. "Ontological Representation of Smart City Data: From Devices to Cities." Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (December 22, 2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9010032.

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Existing smart city ontologies allow representing different types of city-related data from cities. They have been developed according to different ontological commitments and hence do not share a minimum core model that would facilitate interoperability among smart city information systems. In this work, a survey has been carried out in order to study available smart city ontologies and to identify the domains they are representing. Taking into account the findings of the survey and a set of ontological requirements for smart city data, a list of ontology design patterns is proposed. These patterns aim to be easily replicated and provide a minimum set of core concepts in order to guide the development of smart city ontologies.

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Nooringsih, Kanindya, and Retno Susanti. "Implementation of Smart City Concept for Sustainable Development in Semarang Old Town Area." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1082, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1082/1/012034.

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Abstract The Old Town Area of Semarang has become a ’Pilot Project’ for developing the smart city concept in Semarang. On the other hand, this area is a cultural heritage area, so the implementation of the smart city concept should be able to support the preservation of buildings and the history of the area. The Covid-19 pandemic has affected the implementation of smart cities, considering that activities in the Old Town Area have decreased drastically. This study aims to identify the application of the smart city concept in the Old Town Area of Semarang. The study conducted was in 2020, when the Covid-19 pandemic was still occurring in the community.The study’s initial stage was compiling the dimensions and indicators of smart cities as study variables and exploring smart city regulations in Semarang. In the second stage, to obtain information on the implementation of a smart city in the Old Town Area of Semarang, we conducted interviews with stakeholders from the government, cultural heritage activists, and communities related to the Old Town Area, and building occupants. As a result, we collected information regarding the implementation of smart city before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The content analysis processed the result of the interview. Meanwhile, we used descriptive analysis techniques to study the dimensions and indicators and smart city regulations in Semarang. From the study results, the implementation of smart city in the Old Town of Semarang was organized into categories: appropriate, still not suitable and not suitable. The dimension of smart city that has appropriate is Smart Living. The dimensions that are still not suitable are Smart Governance, Smart Environment, Smart Economy and Smart Mobility. Meanwhile, the dimension that has not suitable is Smart People. Based on the six dimensions of smart city, there are 25 indicators, and the study results state that only 18 indicators are appropriate.

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Sukarno, Mohamad, and Shelsa Aurelia Gunawan Putri. "Smart Environment Planning for Smart City Based On Regional Medium-Term Development Plan Surabaya City 2021-2026." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1105, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1105/1/012023.

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Abstract The high rate of urbanization in urban areas has a significant impact on urban governance related to environmental issues. Over the past ten years, there has been a degradation of environmental quality in Surabaya due to high levels of environmental pollution. Surabaya city has also been known as a city that applies the concept of the smart city wherein the concept there are also smart environment indicators. of the smart environment in the RPJMD planning document 2021-2026. The research method used is qualitative with case studies in Surabaya using descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques on secondary data. The results of this study show that the Surabaya City Government in RPJMD 2021-2026 has not implemented the concept of a smart environment as a whole. This is seen in the RPJMD document of Surabaya City 2021-2026 which only plans programs such as green buildings by planning in green infrastructure but for planning green buildings have not been planned.

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Vujković, Petra, Dejan Ravšelj, Lan Umek, and Aleksander Aristovnik. "Bibliometric Analysis of Smart Public Governance Research: Smart City and Smart Government in Comparative Perspective." Social Sciences 11, no. 7 (July 8, 2022): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11070293.

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The concept of smart public governance (SPG) is gaining attention among researchers, policymakers, and practitioners around the world, especially in response to the modernisation of public administration through emerging technologies in both local (smart city) and national (smart government) levels. Spurred by the noticeable lack of understanding of the SPG concept, the paper aims to comprehensively examine the SPG research by considering the characteristic differences between the smart city and smart government concepts. Bibliometric analysis is based on the Scopus database, containing 775 documents published in the last two decades and facilitated by several established and innovative bibliometric approaches. The results reveal the growth of SPG research over time. Despite the smart city concept being the dominant focus in the SPG research, the smart government concept has been becoming more relevant in recent years, as indicated by some prominent documents published in reputable journals like Government Information Quarterly. Moreover, Anglo-Saxon countries are chiefly engaged in SPG research. However, New Zealand and South Korea are identified as countries with a stronger focus on the smart government concept. The results show the smart city concept is connected with several smart-related initiatives (e.g., smart transportation, smart living, smart energy, etc.), while the smart government concept is primarily associated with smart (de)regulation and smart grid. The findings may add to the understanding of the future development of SPG research, on both local and national levels.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Smart city design and development and related analysis'

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