Journal articles: 'Smart bulb'

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Hernandez, Ruben D., Robinson Jimenez Moreno, and Mauricio Mauledeoux. "Smart bulb for IoT." Contemporary Engineering Sciences 11, no. 34 (2018): 1659–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ces.2018.84177.

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Mahto, Dashrath, and Sreeja Nair. "A Review on Smart Bulb & Proposed a Real Time Vision Based Smart Bulb using Image Processing." International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 44, no. 4 (February 25, 2017): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v44p239.

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Ahuja, Manu, and Marwa Mohsen. "Implementation of Smart Bulb Lighting System Using Android." Journal of International Society for Science and Engineering 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jisse.2020.22690.1019.

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Mahto, Dashrath, and Sreeja Nair. "A Real Time Vision based Smart Bulb using Image Processing." International Journal of Computer Applications 164, no. 11 (April 19, 2017): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2017913412.

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Ashok, Siralapu, and Basvapuram Srikanth. "DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF SMART SOLAR LED LIGHT BULB WITH REMOTE CONTROL." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 06, no. 08 (August 15, 2017): 90–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2017.0608013.

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Banerjee, Amit, Mohd Sameen Chishti, and Sunjay Kumar. "Implementing secure smart home using existing infrastructure." Sistemas y Telemática 15, no. 43 (December 6, 2017): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18046/syt.v15i43.2710.

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The emergence of Internet of Things [IoT] paves the path of the smart home. A smart home learns the habits of residents to make intelligent decision, which requires knowledge to be communicated and stored. The communication of generated data creates loop-hole in security and privacy of the user of smart home. Another challenging issue while designing a smart home is that legacy home appliances lack the smart connectivity. This paper focuses on designing a secure architecture to access smart home appliances, while using the existing home appliances that lacks networking and processing power like a bulb or fan. To ensure secure communication using internet, we are using third party authentication tool deployed in cloud. We have installed a gateway as the entry point to our smart home and connected all the appliances to it. The user is authenticated by authentication server and gets access to the services. For implementation purpose, we used Kerberos as authentication tool and DragonBoard as gateway.

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Salamh, Fahad E. "A Forensic Analysis of Home Automation Devices (FAHAD) Model: Kasa Smart Light Bulb and Eufy Floodlight Camera as Case Studies." International Journal of Cyber Forensics and Advanced Threat Investigations 1, no. 1-3 (February 15, 2021): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46386/ijcfati.v1i1-3.16.

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The adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is rapidly increasing with the advancement of network technology, these devices carry sensitive data that require adherence to minimum security practices. The adoption of smart devices to migrate homeowners from traditional homes to smart homes has been noticeable. These smart devices share value with and are of potential interest to digital forensic investigators, as well. Therefore, in this paper, we conduct comprehensive security and forensic analysis to contribute to both fields—targeting a security enhancement of the selected IoT devices and assisting the current IoT forensics approaches. Our work follows several techniques such as forensic analysis of identifiable information, including connected devices and sensor data. Furthermore, we perform security assessment exploring insecure communication protocols, plain text credentials, and sensitive information. This will include reverse engineering some binary files and manual analysis techniques. The analysis includes a data-set of home automation devices provided by the VTO labs: (1) the eufy floodlight camera, and (2) the Kasa smart light bulb. The main goal of the technical experiment in this research is to support the proposed model.

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S.S. Tejesh, B., and S. Neeraja. "A Smart Home Automation system using IoT and Open Source Hardware." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.7 (March 18, 2018): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.7.10856.

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In the era of Internet of Things, the information will be exchanged without the intervention of human. The manual systems are transforming into smart systems with the incorporation of IoT. The remote superintendence of electrical devices and sensors in the home environment with the employment of the internet is called as home automation. The electrical devices like bulb, fan and the sensors like temperature sensor, gas sensor, flame sensor, PIR sensor, current sensor are monitored and controlled by the user remotely with the employment of IoT technology. The implemented system, has both the transmitter and receiver section. In the transmitter section the information from room 1 and room 2 will be gathered at the central server. The Arduino Uno and ESP8266 plays a significant role in the transmitter section. The Raspberry Pi central server facilitates the gathered information to the user in a Graphical user interface.

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Hasanah, Rini Nur, Yosi Dwi Handari, Soeprapto Soeprapto, and Taufik Taufik. "LED-Lamp Design for Renewable Energy-Based DC House Application." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 987. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i3.pp987-996.

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<span lang="EN-US">This paper describes the design of an LED lamp to be used in a DC house being supplied using a renewable energy source or in a DC Smart Grid. LED lamps are widely known for its low-electricity consumption. The DC house application is becoming more and more popular due to its advantage of using DC generated electricity, for example from a solar photovoltaic system, directly without having to invert it into AC voltage. However, LED needs a driver to activate and control it. Its mounting also needs certain precaution to anticipate the high heat from the LED. An appropriate heatsink is required before activating the LED. The laboratory results indicate that a 3-watt LED bulb lamp can produce an efficiency up to 93.16% with luminous efficacy 82.29 lm/W. These results prove that an LED bulb consumes less energy and can give an optimal brightness.</span>

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Gulkari, Shruti S. "A Review on Advanced Home Automation System using GSM and AI." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 10, 2021): 459–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.34882.

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In this proposed work, we are going to connect home appliances to user mobile so that they can handle their appliances by remote distances. Smart home and artificial technology are the trending technology which is developing rapidly. This smart home product improves the quality of living for occupants. In this system, we explore full home control or home automation by using GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication). User home appliances such as LED bulb, air conditioner etc. is controlled by GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) modem via SMS (Short Message Services) text message is presented in this paper. In this project, we are using AI (Artificial Intelligence) to operate devices. AI (Artificial Intelligence) is relatively a new idea that is easily accessible today by anyone who has access to a computer or a smartphone. This (Artificial Intelligence) also becoming a powerful presence in technology, has been swiftly dominating the home automation market. This allows us to integrate smart solutions into our everyday tasks. In this work, we are going to execute a continuous process to home appliances control system without any supervisor and later it will co-ordinate appliances and other devices through Short Message Service using GSM(Global System for Mobile Communication) and AI(Artificial Intelligence)

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Salisu, Abubakar, Aminu Bugaje, and A. Z. Loko. "IOT BASED HOUSEHOLD ELECTRICITY ENERGY MONITORING AND CONTROL." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 4 (June 12, 2021): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0404-466.

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Internet of Things (loT) has opened up a myriad of applications in many areas, including medical and healthcare networks, smart home control, and environmental surveillance. IoT is supposed to bring about a large amount of progress in the ubiquitous computing sector. IoT-based energy management programs may allow a significant contribution to energy conservation. Therefore, this paper focuses on the design and implementation of an IoT based household electricity energy monitoring and electric bulb remote control for the reduction of electrical wastage using ESP 32-bit microcontroller. The ESP 32 microcontroller was used as the brain of the entire system which processes the energy consumption, temperature reading. Temperature monitoring can assist tremendously in the explosion and burning incidence avoidance, thereby saving lives and properties. The ESP32 microcontroller also handles the internet connectivity via its inbuilt WIFI module in order to transmit the real-time energy consumption, temperature reading, and electric bulb remote control over the internet. A MATLAB app was designed to serve as user interface for monitoring the household electricity energy consumption, temperature reading and electric bulb remote control via Thingspeak cloud server from MathWorks (makers of MATLAB) and also monitors the temperature and electricity consumed by the pressing iron and the hair dryer. Whenever, the electricity consumption or temperature reading exceeds the set threshold on the MATLAB app, a notification is sent to the user’s Email. The system could be used for reducing the wastage of electrical energy in the house by proper scheduling and monitoring of the appliances

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Ko, Younghun, Hong-Soo Cho, Sang-Sung Lee, So-Bong Shin, Yongchul Song, and Sang-Gug Lee. "A Compact Flicker-Free Transformer-Less LED Driver With an Enhanced Power Factor for Omnidirectional Multichannel Smart Bulb Applications." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 31, no. 8 (August 2016): 5851–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2015.2498193.

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Prasad, Brijesh, Varij Panwar, Mayank Chaturvedi, Vikash Rathi, F. S. Gill, Kapil Sharma, Pravin P.Patil, and . "Development of Conductive Nanocomposite for Sensing Application." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (July 20, 2018): 1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.17625.

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Carbonaceous compounds being conductive in nature have proved themselves as the best conductive network assembly material with Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) polymer matrix which forms dielectric medium. Carbon based compounds are conductive in nature and are being used to form conductive channels for the flow of charge for the application of health as soft electronic devices and smart flexible conducting thin films in the form of sensors and actuators. Carbon nano fibers (CNF) play role of conductive filler to form conductive networks for the flow of charge in the polymer matrix. The interesting thing about CNF is its tailorable concentration. It influences the mechanical and electrical properties with different weight percent. In the present study solvent casting technique is used for the development of composite membrane, which is easy to fabricate and less costly. An increase in CNF content leads to deterioration of young’s modulus in comparison with pure PVDF, while with the infiltration of CNF in different quantities increases toughness and overall mechanical strength of the polymer composite of PVDF-CNF. CNF helped in increasing the electrical conductivity of the samples by entrapping in between the matrix and helping in bridge formation for the charge flow. The obtained conductive membrane showed low resistance, good electrical properties and high conductivity. The conductive film can be utilized as a conductive medium as it was able to glow the LED bulb at very low voltage of 2 V with drop of 1.8 V.

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d’Ambrosio Alfano, Francesca Romana, Giorgio Ficco, Andrea Frattolillo, Boris Igor Palella, and Giuseppe Riccio. "Mean Radiant Temperature Measurements through Small Black Globes under Forced Convection Conditions." Atmosphere 12, no. 5 (May 12, 2021): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12050621.

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One of the most critical variables in the field of thermal comfort measurements is the mean radiant temperature which is typically measured with a standard 150 mm black globe thermometer. This is also the reference instrument required for the assessment of heat stress conditions by means of the well-known Wet Bulb Globe Temperature index (WBGT). However, one of the limitations of this method is represented by the relatively long response time. This is why in recent years there has been a more and more pressing need of smart sensors for controlling Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems, and for pocket heat stress meters (e.g., WBGT meters provided with table tennis balls). Although it is widely agreed that there is a clear advantage of small probes in terms of response times, their accuracy is a still a debated matter and no systematic studies aimed at metrologically characterizing their performances are actually available, due to the difficulty of reproducing measuring conditions such as a black enclosure at uniform temperature. In this paper the results of a metrological analysis of two small globes (38 and 50 mm diameter) carried out by means of an experimental apparatus specifically designed to reproduce a black uniform enclosure are presented and discussed. Experimental results revealed a systematic underestimation of the mean radiant temperature predicted by small globes of more than 10 °C in forced convection and at high radiative loads.

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Steele, Robert D. "Smart Nations: Achieving National Security and National Competitiveness in the Age of Information." Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 23, no. 1 (January 31, 2005): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bult.32.

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BISSON, A., C. JOST, and A. KUTNICK. "Strengthening animal health services through public–private partnerships. A sustainable, resource-smart, development approach." Bulletin de l'OIE 2019, no. 3 (January 23, 2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/bull.2019.3.3049.

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Bachurina, Diana, Xiao-Yue Tan, Felix Klein, Alexey Suchkov, Andrey Litnovsky, Janina Schmitz, Jesus Gonzalez-Julian, et al. "Self-passivating smart tungsten alloys for DEMO: a progress in joining and upscale for a first wall mockup." Tungsten 3, no. 1 (March 2021): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42864-021-00079-5.

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AbstractSelf-passivating, so-called smart alloys are under development for a future fusion power plant. These alloys containing tungsten, chromium and yttrium must possess an acceptable plasma performance during a regular plasma operation of a power plant and demonstrate the suppression of non-desirable oxidation of tungsten in case of an accident. The up-scaling of the bulk smart alloys to the reactor-relevant sizes has begun and the first samples with a diameter of 50 mm and thickness of 5 mm became available. The samples feature high relative density of above 99% and good homogeneity. With production of bulk samples, the research program on joining the smart alloy to the structural material was initiated. In a present study, the novel titanium–zirconium–beryllium braze was applied successfully to join the smart alloy to the Rusfer-reduced-activation steel. The braze has survived at least a hundred of cyclic thermal excursions in the range of 300–600 °C without mechanical destruction.

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Dikel, E. Erhan, Yunyi Ethan Li, Mark Vuotari, and Sandra Mancini. "Evaluating the standby power consumption of smart LED bulbs." Energy and Buildings 186 (March 2019): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.01.019.

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Liu, Wei, Jiao Di, Wuxing Zhang, Lihong Xue, and Youwei Yan. "Oxidation resistance behavior of smart W-Si bulk composites." Corrosion Science 163 (February 2020): 108222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2019.108222.

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M, Duraipandian, and Vinothkanna R. "Smart Digital Mammographic Screening System for Bulk Image Processing." December 2020 2, no. 4 (February 22, 2021): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2020.4.003.

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Treating breast cancer is easier at early stages. However, proper diagnosis is essential for this purpose. Mammography helps in early detection of cancer cells. Existence of masses, calcification and mammogram are the evidences that help radiologists in early cancer identification. This paper proposes a smart digital mammographic screening system for processing images in large volumes irrespective of the nature of images. Watershed segmentation is performed based on appropriate selection of internal and external markers using multiple threshold extended maxima transformations in this technique. Distinguishing between healthy breast tissue and masses can be performed efficiently using a two-stage classifier. Extreme Learning Machine based single layer feed forward network along with Bayesian classifier is used for reducing false positive areas. Feature vector with features like texture and contrast are calculated using these approaches. Digital Mammography Screening database (DMS) is created with 100 mammographic images for the purpose of evaluation. Further, online databases like Breast Cancer Database (BCDB) and BreakHis are also used for analysis. Overall sensitivity of the datasets using the Bayesian classifier and Extreme Learning Machine is found to be 85% and 90% respectively.

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Trolier-McKinstry, S., and R. E. Newnham. "Sensors, Actuators, and Smart Materials." MRS Bulletin 18, no. 4 (April 1993): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400037325.

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The field of electronic ceramics includes components as diverse as Mn-Zn ferrites, lead zirconate titanate transducers, ZnO varistors, and Al2O3 or cordierite-based packages for integrated circuits. An overview of electroceramics is given in Figure 1, which depicts schematically the types of electronic and ionic phenomena of interest. Many of the materials pictured utilize some bulk property of the ceramic, such as the presence of ferroelectric of ferrimagnetic dipoles, electronic or ionic conductivity, or a phase transition to provide a useful function. In other materials, extraordinary responses can be engineered by suitably tailoring the thickness and properties of a grain boundary phase. Varistors, barrier layer capacitors, and PTC thermistors, for example, all rely on the preparation of semiconducting grains and insulating grain boundaries to create properties that cannot be found in single crystals. In a similar way, some of the porous ceramics utilized in humidity sensors rely on surface properties rather than on a bulk response to detect changes in the ambient humidity (Kulwicki, 1992). Finally, in materials for insulators or substrates, all of the otherwise interesting phenomena must be eliminated. With the exception of the last category, all of the phenomena depicted in Figure 1 can be utilized in ceramic sensors. While sensing and actuating materials are currently a fraction of the overall multibillion-dollar electroceramics market, the percentage is expected to grow as more and more devices are made “smart.”As discussed in the introduction to this issue, smart materials are capable of sensing a change in the environment and responding in a useful way.

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El-Azab, Rasha. "Smart homes: potentials and challenges." Clean Energy 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 302–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkab010.

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Abstract Decentralized distributed clean-energy sources have become an essential need for smart grids to reduce the harmful effects of conventional power plants. Smart homes with a suitable sizing process and proper energy-management schemes can share in reducing the whole grid demand and even sell clean energy to the utility. Smart homes have been introduced recently as an alternative solution to classical power-system problems, such as the emissions of thermal plants and blackout hazards due to bulk plants/transmission outages. The appliances, sources and energy storage of smart homes should be coordinated with the requirements of homeowners via a suitable energy-management scheme. Energy-management systems are the main key to optimizing both home sources and the operation of loads to maximize home-economic benefits while keeping a comfortable lifestyle. The intermittent uncertain nature of smart homes may badly affect the whole grid performance. The prospective high penetration of smart homes on a smart power grid will introduce new, unusual scenarios in both generation and loading. In this paper, the main features and requirements of smart homes are defined. This review aims also to address recent proposed smart-home energy-management schemes. Moreover, smart-grid challenges with a high penetration of smart-home power are discussed.

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Hsu, Shan-hui, Kun-Che Hung, Ying-Yi Lin, Chiu-Hun Su, Hsi-Yi Yeh, U.-Ser Jeng, Chun-Yi Lu, Shenghong A. Dai, Wei-En Fu, and Jui-Che Lin. "Water-based synthesis and processing of novel biodegradable elastomers for medical applications." J. Mater. Chem. B 2, no. 31 (2014): 5083–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tb00572d.

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Novel biodegradable nanoelastomers are synthesized. They can self-assemble and generate morphologies in nanometric, micrometric, or bulk scale with tunable properties. They are smart biodegradable materials with potential applications.

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Hay, James. "The automated states, automated government, and self-automation of the ‘smart’ appliance: three questions about refrigerators." Media International Australia 166, no. 1 (November 14, 2017): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x17739014.

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This essay considers the automation of the everyday through ‘smart’ domestic appliance, specifically the current regime of smart refrigerators. The essay revisits and rethinks perspectives about media by McLuhan, focusing particularly on his discussion of clothing, cars, clocks, light bulbs, and highways as ‘media’. The essay outlines a critical practice (a ‘critical refrigerator studies’), as a means of rethinking ‘media power’, through perspectives by Foucault about technologies of government and through perspectives by Otter about Liberal objects.

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Sambandam Raju, Preethi, Murugan Mahalingam, and Revathi Arumugam Rajendran. "Design, Implementation and Power Analysis of Pervasive Adaptive Resourceful Smart Lighting and Alerting Devices in Developing Countries Supporting Incandescent and LED Light Bulbs." Sensors 19, no. 9 (April 30, 2019): 2032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19092032.

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Nowadays, there is an increasing demand for energy saving techniques in residential, industrial, institutional, clinical and other multipurpose indoor and outdoor applications. Lights play an ubiquitous role around the Earth in all types of structures and outdoor surroundings. Hence, the authors propose a universal lighting control device—named Pervasive Adaptive Resourceful Smart Lighting and Alerting Device—accomplished mainly by the use of Arduino UNO R3. The Pervasive Adaptive Resourceful Smart Lighting and Alerting Device works in two modes, namely, light control and alert, by deploying the perceptive light automation and perceptive light automation with buzzer activation algorithms, respectively. The contributions of the paper are: a common lighting control solution for both incandescent and light emitting diode light bulbs for all indoor and outdoor environments. A profound power consumption analysis, and investigation of the proposed device by estimating the Energy Consumption Ratio (ECR) and Relative Energy Saving Ratio (RESR) through the real time deployment in diverse circumstances with 60 W incandescent, 8 W and 0.5 W LED light bulbs is executed. In addition to the evaluation of RESR and ECR characteristics the power consumption of light bulbs in terms of scalable conditions of number of light bulbs is also analyzed. The proposed model is proved to work efficiently for both incandescent and LED light bulbs.

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Schwartz, H. A., U. Ruschewitz, and L. Heinke. "Smart nanoporous metal–organic frameworks by embedding photochromic molecules – state of the art and future perspectives." Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 17, no. 7 (2018): 864–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7pp00456g.

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The opportunities, properties and perspectives of smart photochromic materials, which are obtained by embedment of stimuli-responsive molecules in nanoporous MOFs (metal–organic frameworks), both in bulk and in thin films, are reviewed.

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Brenneis, Matthias, and Peter Groche. "Integration of Piezoceramic Tube under Prestress into a Load Carrying Structure." Advanced Materials Research 966-967 (June 2014): 651–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.966-967.651.

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Smart structures consisting of a load carrying structure and smart materials with actuatory and sensory capabilities feature high potential in numerous applications. However, to master the assembly conditions of smart structures, there is a need to integrate additional design parameters such as prestress of the smart material, critical loads and electric contacting as well as insulation into the process development. This paper focusses on the design of an incremental bulk forming process to integrate piezoceramic components into an aluminum tube simultaneously to the manufacturing process. Axial forces imposed on the piezoceramic are investigated numerically and experimentally to verify the design of critical components and the process control. Within this investigation, in situ measurement of the direct piezoelectric effect provides a method to validate the numerical design with regard to failure of the piezo tube and the functional properties of the overall structure.

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Hu, Feng Zhong, and Jin Ding Gao. "A Smart Temperature and Humidity Controller for Tobacco Bulk Curing Barn." Applied Mechanics and Materials 278-280 (January 2013): 1399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.278-280.1399.

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Aimed at the temperature and humidity nonlinear variation and coupling phenomena in tobacco bulk curing, an artificial intelligence based controller is proposed. The controller using a microcomputer and fuzzy decoupling control technique can meet the requirements of temperature and humidity variation, the coupling phenomena is prevented, thereby improved the quality of fluecured tobacco. The controller has built-in several specialist technology curves suitable for different characteristics tobacco leaves. The composition of the controller, principle of the intelligent control and the fuzzy controller design are presented in this paper. The control method can be applied to other temperature and humidity control field when it is changed in some sort, has popularization and application value.

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Barsky, Robert B., and J. Bradford De Long. "Bull and Bear Markets in the Twentieth Century." Journal of Economic History 50, no. 2 (June 1990): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700036421.

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The bull and bear markets of this century have suggested that large stock market swings reflect irrational “fads and fashions.” We argue instead that investors perceived shifts in the long-run rate of future growth and that stock prices are sufficiently sensitive to expectations about the future that these perceived shifts plausibly generated the swings of the twentieth century. We document that analysts often viewed as “smart money” assessed fundamentals, based on their perceptions of future economic growth, in a way that tracked decade-to-decade swings closely.

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Hadizadeh, Mohammad, Mahmoud Reza Haghi Fam, and Javad Olamaei. "Voltage Stability Enhancement Considering Operation of Smart Loads." Advanced Materials Research 463-464 (February 2012): 1729–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.463-464.1729.

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Environmental and economical constrains to build more aggregate bulk power plants and transmission lines besides slow improvement of DG in compare with fast growth of demand, resulted in operation of heavily loaded power grids near their stability limits. Meanwhile, a disturbance occurrence may lead to voltage instability more probably than ever before. A smart methodology of load shedding, based on optimized fuzzy inference logic, is evaluated in this paper to mitigate instability state of the power system. The result indicates more reliable voltage maintenance while using optimized membership function in our defined fuzzy logic system

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Alzaed, Ali, and Ashraf Balabel. "Experimental Investigations of Solatube Daylighting System for Smart City Applications in Saudi Arabia." Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 76, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.76.3.26145.

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The smart cities programme is at the core of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030. The development of smart cities is based on adapting innovative technologies and solutions to meet local needs and possibilities in order to reduce both cost and energy resources consumption. In smart cities, more than 40% of electrical energy consumption should be saved. One of the most important electrical energy saving techniques is the application of the Solatube daylight system in sustainable buildings. In the present paper, an experimental investigation into the Solatube daylight system is performed according to the local climate conditions of Taif city, Saudi Arabia. A test chamber was designed with dimensions of 1 m3, made from medium density fibreboard. The model of Solatube used in the present research is Solatube 160 DS, 10” in diameter and with a length up to 30’. The HS1010-LCD digital light meter is used for measuring light intensity. A comparison of illumination obtained from the Solatube with that obtained from artificial bulbs of standard ratings was made at two different vertical distances inside the test chamber (z = 0.8 m, z = 1.0 m). The results showed that the Solatube, at both vertical distances, gave a better illuminance than standard artificial bulbs. Moreover, the results indicated that the Solatube daylight system converted about 60% of sunlight to passive light inside the test chamber. Generally, it is concluded that the Solatube daylight system can be efficiently used in residential, commercial, or industrial buildings in smart cities according to the available solar characteristics.

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Zhang, Juan, Zhi Yu Zhao, and He Song Jiang. "The Design of File Transfer Protocol Based on R²UDP in Digital Radio Narrowband System." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 2598–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.2598.

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Reliability is very important in digital radio point to point transmission system, especially for bulk data transfer in narrow band channel. Aiming at currently most applications are based on raw UDP service which does not guarantee the reliability, the article presents R2UDP(Reduced Reliable UDP )over the air transfer suitable to radio system, smart probe improves the transfer efficiency and saves the bandwidth, and also minimizes the impact of bulk data transfer to other traffic on the shared channel.

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Schwarz, Franziska, Klaus Schwarz, and Reiner Creutzburg. "New Methodology and Checklist of Wi-Fi Connected and App-Controlled IoT-Based Consumer Market Smart Home Devices." Electronic Imaging 2020, no. 3 (January 26, 2020): 276–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.3.mobmu-275.

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Since its invention, the Internet has changed the world, but above all, it has connected people. With the advent of the Internet of Things, the Internet connects things today much more than people do. A large part of the Internet of Things consists of IoT controlled Smart Home devices. The Internet of Things and the Smart Home have become an increasingly important topic in recent years. The growing popularity of Smart Home devices such as Smart TVs, Smart Door Locks, Smart Light Bulbs, and others is causing a rapid increase in vulnerable areas. In the future, many IoT devices could be just as many targets. The many new and inexperienced manufacturers and the absence of established uniform standards also contribute to the precarious situation. Therefore, new methods are needed to sensitize and detect these threats. In this paper, different existing approaches like those of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) are combined with concepts of this work like the Smart Home Device Life Cycle. In the context of this paper, a universal 31-page question-based test procedure is developed that can be applied to any Smart Home device. Based on this new, innovative security checklist, the communication between device, app, and the manufacturer's servers, as well as the firmware of IoT devices, can be analyzed and documented in detail. In the course of this paper, also a handout in the abbreviated form will be created, which serves the same purpose.

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B, Vivekanadam. "Evaluation of Performance of Cloud of Things (CoT) for Transferring Multimedia and Bulk-set Data." March 2021 3, no. 1 (April 23, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jucct.2021.1.001.

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As the number of context-aware and unique data extracting and computing has grown leaps and bounds, paving way to their application in many platforms, Internet of Things (IoT) has gained a lot of importance in recent years. Using IoT, it is possible to connect any number of objects and in any context, giving rise to a diverse range of services. Hence power management, data storage, service discovery, service management, service creation and resource management need a more sophisticated mechanism and a better infrastructure. However, a single IoT that is power-constrained will not be able to tackle all the data that is generated. Hence cloud computing plays a crucial role by integrating with the IoT in such a way that the future internet and envisioned IoT is achievable. There are a number of challenges involved of which data trimming is common challenge. Due to unnecessary communication, the data this sent to the cloud may be interrupted. Hence to prevent this, data is initially preprocessed following which it is trimmed and then transferred to the cloud. This aspect of data processing can be carried out through Fog Computing or Smart Network that serves as a smart gateway. In this paper, we have introduced a novel concept Fog computing as the smart gateway. The results have been analysed and tested with respect to bulk-data synchronizstion Delay, bulk-data upload delay, jitter, synchronization delay and upload delay.

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Scala, Christine M., Matthew E. Ibrahim, Alan R. Wilson, Darren P. Edwards, and V. Tan Truong. "Australian Defence Applications of Advanced Smart Materials Research." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 2079–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.2079.

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This paper overviews some recent S&T innovations in smart materials and structures at the Australian Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO) under a Corporate Enabling Research Program (CERP) on Signatures, Materials and Energy. The CERP program includes development and transitioning of technology across the maritime, air and land domains, with the major focus of the smart materials program component being to increase the safety, availability and maintainability of Defence assets. Three specific examples are provided of the smart materials and structures program, ranging across the spectrum of technology readiness from new concept phase to technology transitioning, viz.: (i) Advances in smart sensing for prognostics-based platform management; (ii) Fabrication of nanostructured and ultrafine grained materials through top-down severe plastic deformation processing of bulk materials; (iii) Innovative application of carbon nanotubes/conducting polymers as artificial muscles for low-power propulsion and control of small autonomous underwater systems. In each case, the DSTO effort is underpinned by strong university or industry linkages to deliver challenging interdisciplinary S&T.

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Litnovsky, Andrey, Felix Klein, Xiaoyue Tan, Janina Ertmer, Jan W. Coenen, Christian Linsmeier, Jesus Gonzalez-Julian, et al. "Advanced Self-Passivating Alloys for an Application under Extreme Conditions." Metals 11, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11081255.

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Self-passivating Metal Alloys with Reduced Thermo-oxidation (SMART) are under development for the primary application as plasma-facing materials for the first wall in a fusion DEMOnstration power plant (DEMO). SMART materials must combine suppressed oxidation in case of an accident and an acceptable plasma performance during the regular operation of the future power plant. Modern SMART materials contain chromium as a passivating element, yttrium as an active element and a tungsten base matrix. An overview of the research and development program on SMART materials is presented and all major areas of the structured R&D are explained. Attaining desired performance under accident and regular plasma conditions are vital elements of an R&D program addressing the viability of the entire concept. An impressive more than 104-fold suppression of oxidation, accompanied with more than 40-fold suppression of sublimation of tungsten oxide, was attained during an experimentally reproduced accident event with a duration of 10 days. The sputtering resistance under DEMO-relevant plasma conditions of SMART materials and pure tungsten was identical for conditions corresponding to nearly 20 days of continuous DEMO operation. Fundamental understanding of physics processes undergone in the SMART material is gained via fundamental studies comprising dedicated modeling and experiments. The important role of yttrium, stabilizing the SMART alloy microstructure and improving self-passivating behavior, is under investigation. Activities toward industrial up-scale have begun, comprising the first mechanical alloying with an industrial partner and the sintering of a bulk SMART alloy sample with dimensions of 100 mm × 100 mm × 7 mm using an industrial facility. These achievements open the way to further expansion of the SMART technology toward its application in fusion and potentially in other renewable energy sources such as concentrated solar power stations.

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Arena, Maurizio, Massimo Viscardi, Liberata Guadagno, Luigi Vertuccio, and Giuseppina Barra. "Multidisciplinary challenge in the design of a MWCNTs-based polymer smart structure." MATEC Web of Conferences 233 (2018): 00024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823300024.

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Smart structures represent of course a current challenge for the application on the aircrafts. Dealing for example with morphing and variable-shape structures, the skin needs to face extremely high strains, while withstanding the operational loads in order to ensure a smooth profile to the complete system. In this context, the authors led the design and manufacturing of carbon fiber-reinforced composite panels, including different filler infusions based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) technology. The vibro-acoustic tests have been carried out on an innovative formulation for the characterization of the damping properties related to such micro-handling treatments. The percentage of nano-filler has been chosen so as to be close to the percolation threshold of the material (about 5wt%). As a result of synergic collaboration between Smart Structures Lab of University of Naples “Federico II” and University of Salerno within H2020-MASTRO (Intelligent bulk MAterials for Smart TRanspOrt industries) research project, a multi-functional composite concept has been idealized and developed. The main purpose is to develop intelligent bulk materials for the transport field based on the novel concepts like self-sensing, self-deicing, self-curing, self-healing and selfprotection methodologies to enhance consumer safety, component life-span and performance while reducing maintenance and manufacturing costs. The functionality of the developed components will be demonstrated under relevant conditions at prototype level with special attention to the aerospace structures.

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Abd-alla, Abo-el-nour N., and Nadia A. Askar. "Calculation of Bulk Acoustic Wave Propagation Velocities in Trigonal Piezoelectric Smart Materials." Applied Mathematics & Information Sciences 8, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): 1625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12785/amis/080417.

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Adamowicz, Mieczysław, and Magdalena Zwolińska-Ligaj. "The “Smart Village” as a Way to Achieve Sustainable Development in Rural Areas of Poland." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 6503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166503.

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In each country, rural areas cover the bulk of available land; however, they generally remain outside the mainstream of innovative development processes. Still, they have potential and are vital for implementing the highly valid concept of persistent and sustainable development. The idea of such growth can be implemented in many ways, and the smart development concept is one of these ways. The aim of this paper is to present the smart village concept as a means to achieve the sustainability and resilience of rural areas, relying on the analysis of basic theories of sustainable and persistent growth. The study examines and evaluates the state of the potential for the smart growth of rural areas in all regions of Poland, as well as presents the results of the empirical research on such potential in three regions of Eastern Poland. The smart growth potential of the regions in question was determined by means of 24 variables representing the following fields: management, life quality, economy, society, natural environment and mobility. It was concluded that the smart village concept can be useful in facilitating sustainable development of rural areas. Further research concerning the problem should in particular focus on strengthening the relations between rural communes with cities and towns in their close vicinity.

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Wang, Zhi Feng, Ji Min Yang, Xiong Ying Ye, Li Tao Liu, and Xu Ming Xie. "Characterization of Contact and Bulk Piezoresistive Properties of Carbon Nanotube/Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Composite." Key Engineering Materials 483 (June 2011): 537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.483.537.

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Carbon nanotube (CNT) filled polymer nanocomposites are increasingly regarded as a realistic alternative to conventional smart materials. In this paper, we studied the contact and bulk piezoresistive properties of multi-walled carbon nanotube/styrene butadiene styrene (MWNT/SBS) composite. Measurements of resistance change under pressure utilizing an Au plate PCB electrode and a sputtered Au layer electrode for same samples were implemented to examine bulk piezoresistivity of the composites and the influence of contact resistance. The results showed that the contact resistance responses to stress for separated electrodes are more remarkable than bulk resistance responses in the MWNT/SBS composite films, but not so stable.

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Jones, James, Daniel Gottlieb, Joshua C. Mandel, Vladimir Ignatov, Alyssa Ellis, Wayne Kubick, and Kenneth D. Mandl. "A landscape survey of planned SMART/HL7 bulk FHIR data access API implementations and tools." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 28, no. 6 (March 1, 2021): 1284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab028.

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Abstract The Office of National Coordinator for Health Information Technology final rule implementing the interoperability and information blocking provisions of the 21st Century Cures Act requires support for two SMART (Substitutable Medical Applications, Reusable Technologies) application programming interfaces (APIs) and instantiates Health Level Seven International (HL7) Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) as a lingua franca for health data. We sought to assess the current state and near-term plans for the SMART/HL7 Bulk FHIR Access API implementation across organizations including electronic health record vendors, cloud vendors, public health contractors, research institutions, payors, FHIR tooling developers, and other purveyors of health information technology platforms. We learned that many organizations not required through regulation to use standardized bulk data are rapidly implementing the API for a wide array of use cases. This may portend an unprecedented level of standardized population-level health data exchange that will support an apps and analytics ecosystem. Feedback from early adopters on the API’s limitations and unsolved problems in the space of population health are highlighted.

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Tambe, Shubhangi Sandeep. "A Study of Key Attributes Accountable for Development of a Smart City Projects & Factors Impacting its Implementation in India." International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology 6, no. 9 (June 24, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijermt.v6i9.79.

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he concept of Smart Cities was first thought of by IBM in 2008 when world was facing its worst economic crisis. Then it was taken up by various countries around the world. The main objective here is to build and promote the cities which will provide the core infrastructure and provide the decent quality of life along with a clean and long-lasting environment which will be supported by smart technologies & solutions. Though smart city concepts are very new to India, where technology is mostly used in urban cities. So, in such a scenario one may ask a very basic question that “How a city can be made Smart?”. So, if we look around and see what are the things that some smart cities around the world are doing differently, then we may notice that they have addressed basic issues faced by any metropolitan city in a smarter way possible. For instance, we can see that the already developed smart city projects have addressed transportation, energy, crime, water management & other issues using current technologies & applications. If we leave aside the technology gap between rural & urban India, it is certain that Urban areas are already in need of Smart City Projects because of Population. But again, this needs a strong political will power to take quick decisions and aligned with technological advances such as E governance, online tendering of the government work which will be transparent and efficient. but often it is misunderstood that use of IT in administration and governance is the only meaning of Smart City Projects, but in fact if you are able to achieve all the issues such as administration, governance, transportation, water management, energy supplies, waste management, water treatments plants, meaningful use of public private partnerships in managing transportations and road constructions and evening installations of solar panels and LED bulbs across city. So basically, there are many factors contributing to create a smart city. The main factor which will drive this kind of ambitious projects are political will powers of government, without a political will power it is very difficult to complete the bigger projects. As there is lot on stake for such a large-scale project which will easily span over next decade.

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Liang, Yuan Yuan, Tong Chen, Yu Qin Cui, Rui Qiong Tian, Tong Sheng Qi, and Qing Shang. "Synthesis and Performance of pH-Sensitive Hydrogel Microspheres and In Vitro Evaluation as Potential Drug Carriers." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 751–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.751.

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To accelerate the response rate of smart hydrogels to the environmental conditions, a novel pH-sensitive hydrogel microsphere with the controlled shapes and sizes were developed. Such monodispersed microspheres were synthesizedviafree radical polymerization under the protection of a multilayer stability system. The pH-responsibility of hydrogel microspheres was tested with the hydrogel bulk as a control.In vitrorelease studies were conducted in the simulated gastric fluid and intestinal juice with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model drug. The large specific surface areas endowed hydrogel microspheres a faster pH-responsibility than that of bulk ones. Therefore, such microspheres showed potential applications as the oral protein drugs carrier.

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Bahaghighat, Mahdi, and Seyed Motamedi. "Vision inspection and monitoring of wind turbine farms in emerging smart grids." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 31, no. 2 (2018): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1802287b.

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Todays, Smart Grids as the goal of next generation power grid system span wide and new aspects of power generation from distributed and bulk power generators to the end-user utilities. There are many advantages to develop these complex and multilayer system of systems such as increasing agility, reliability, efficiency, privacy, security for both Energy and ICT sections in smart grid architecture. In emerging smart grids, the communication infrastructures play main role in grid development and as a result multimedia applications are more practical for the future power systems. In this work, we introduce our method for monitoring and inspection of Wind Turbine (WT) farms in smart grids. In our proposed system, a thermal vision camera is embedded on a wireless sensor node for each WT to capture appropriate images and send video streams to the coordinator. It gets video frames to perform machine Vision Inspection (VI) and monitoring purposes. In our constructed model, turbine blade velocity estimation is targeted by detecting two important landmarks in the image that are named hub and blade. By tracking the blade in the consecutive frames and based on proposed scoring function, we can estimate the velocity of the turbine blade. Obtained results clearly indicate that accurate hub and blade positions extraction lead to error free estimation of turbine blade velocity.

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Banerjee, S., and K. A. Cook-Chennault. "Polarization Parameters and Scaling Matter—How Processing Environment and Shape Factor Influence Electroactive Nanocomposite Characteristics." Journal of Composites Science 4, no. 3 (September 19, 2020): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs4030141.

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Polymeric-ceramic smart nanocomposite piezoelectric and dielectric materials are of interest due to their superior mechanical flexibility and ability to leverage characteristics of constituent materials. A great deal of work has centered on development of processes for manufacturing 0–3 continuity composite piezoelectric materials that vary in scale ranging from bulk, thick and thin film to nanostructured films. Less is known about how material scaling effects the effectiveness of polarization and electromechanical properties. This study elucidates how polarization parameters: contact versus corona, temperature and electrical voltage field influence the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of samples as a function of their shape factor, i.e., bulk versus thick film. Bulk and thick film samples were prepared via sol gel/cast-mold and sol gel/spin coat deposition, for fabrication of bulk and thick films, respectively. It was found that corona polarization was more effective for both bulk and thick film processes and that polarization temperature produced higher normalized changes in samples. Although higher electric field voltages could be achieved with thicker samples, film samples responded the most to coupled increases in temperature and electrical voltage than bulk samples.

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Meyer, Y., R. Lachat, and G. Akhras. "A review of manufacturing techniques of smart composite structures with embedded bulk piezoelectric transducers." Smart Materials and Structures 28, no. 5 (April 24, 2019): 053001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ab0fab.

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Qi, Chang Ping, Chang Yu Qi, and Cai Xia Gao. "The Design of the Campus Short Message Platform Based on Smart Client." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 2545–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.2545.

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In the digital construction process of universities, channels and ways of information dissemination is changing. SMS platform can able to achieve bulk SMS sending and receiving, meeting announcements and emergency notifications. It has been increasingly used by the majority of universities. This paper presents a design scheme of campus short message platform based on smart client. It can be integrated with multiple application of campus network system, provides users with a richer, broader range of SMS services on campus, so as to increase productivity, reduce office costs.

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Morera, Maria C., Paul F. Monaghan, Michael D. Dukes, Ondine Wells, and Stacia L. Davis. "Evaluating Florida Homeowner Response to Smart Irrigation Controllers." HortTechnology 25, no. 4 (August 2015): 511–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.25.4.511.

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Smart irrigation controllers are capable of substantially decreasing landscape water applications under residential high water-use conditions in Florida. Their implementation has been incentivized by governmental agencies and water utilities in an effort to reduce public-supply water demand and conserve water resources. However, the bulk of the research on smart controllers for urban landscapes has focused on performance dimensions. To successfully promote them, feedback from end-users is critical. This paper provides an evaluation of homeowner response to evapotranspiration (ET)-based and soil moisture sensor (SMS)-based smart controllers installed as part of a pilot project conducted in Orange County, FL. The objectives of the study were to collect demographic information, assess conservation attitudes and irrigation system knowledge, and gather feedback on the use of smart controllers from the pilot project’s residential cooperators. Data were collected through an online survey and analyzed using relative frequency distributions, text analysis, independent means t tests, and logistic regression. Results indicated that a majority of survey participants were satisfied with their controllers and planned to continue using them. Both ET and SMS controllers were consistently praised for saving money and irrigating efficiently. However, the likelihood that participants would continue using their controllers after the completion of the project was only significantly predicted by their levels of technical knowledge regarding the workings of the devices and whether they had experienced any challenges operating them. Efforts to promote both initial and long-term adoption may be most effective by emphasizing the economic benefits of investing in smart irrigation controllers and by disseminating best management practices that facilitate their understanding and successful operation.

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Masembe, Angela. "Reliability benefit of smart grid technologies: A case for South Africa." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 26, no. 3 (September 23, 2015): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2015/v26i3a2124.

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The South African power industry faces many challenges, from poor performing networks, a shortage of generation capacity to significant infrastructure backlog and an ageing work force. According to the Development Bank of South Africa (DBSA), the key challenge facing the industry is ageing infrastructure. Smart grid technologies are a class of technologies that are being developed and used by utilities to deliver electrical systems into the 21st century using computer-based remote control and automation. The main motive towards smart grid technologies is to improve reliability, flexibility, accessibility and profitability; as well as to support trends towards a more sustainable energy supply. This study identifies a number of smart grid technologies and examines the impact they may have on the distribution reliability of a test system. The components on the selected test system are the same as those found on a South African feeder. The bulk of the load in test system was modelled using load data collected in South Africa. This study will consider a number of different cases, with the base case incorporating the impact of aged infrastructure on the reliability of the system. The smart grid technologies were then introduced into the system and their impact on distribution reliability was determined. These different cases were also compared to the alternative of replacing the aged and worn out infrastructure with new infrastructure. The findings of this study indicate that the identified smart grid technologies improve the reliability of the system, mainly by decreasing the outage duration experienced by customers on the network. An even better performance was achieved when the ageing infrastructure was replaced with new infrastructure.

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Chu, Xiao, Shah Nazir, Kunhao Wang, Zeqi Leng, and Wajeeha Khalil. "Big Data and Its V’s with IoT to Develop Sustainability." Scientific Programming 2021 (July 3, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3780594.

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Internet of Things (IoT) has been considered as one of the emerging network and information technologies that can comprehend automatic monitoring, identification, and management through a network of smart IoT devices. The effective use of IoT in different areas has improved efficiency and reduced errors. The rapid growth of smart devices such as actuators, sensors, and wearable devices has made the IoT enable for smart and sustainable developments in the area. Physical objects are interlinked with these smart devices for the progression to analyse, process, and manage the surroundings data. Such data can then be further utilised for smarter decisions and postanalysis for different purposes. However, with the limited IoT resources, the management of data is difficult due to the restrictions of transmission power place and energy consumption, and the processing can put pressure on these smart devices. The network of IoT is connected with big data through Internet for manipulating and storing huge bulk of data on cloud storage. The secure framework based on big data through IoT is the awful need of modern society which can be energy efficient in a sustainable environment. Due to the intrinsic characteristics of sensors nodes in the IoT, like data redundancy, constrained energy, computing capabilities, and limited communication range, the issues of data loss are becoming among the main issues which mostly depend on the completeness of data. Various approaches are in practice for the recovery problem of data, such as spatiotemporal correlation and interpolation. These are used for data correlation and characteristics of sensory data. Extracting correlation data became difficult specifically as the coupling degree between diverse perceptual attributes is low. The current study has presented a comprehensive overview on big data and its V’s with Internet of Things to describe the research into the area with in-depth review of existing literature.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Smart bulb'

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