Relevant bibliographies by topics / Small ion

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Small ion'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Small ion"

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Ghishan, Fayez K., and Pawel R. Kiela. "Small intestinal ion transport." Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 28, no. 2 (March 2012): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mog.0b013e32834e7bc3.

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Song, Zhizhong, Dong Jiang, and Jinxiang Yu. "Small microwave ion source for an ion implanter." Review of Scientific Instruments 67, no. 3 (March 1996): 1003–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146797.

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Firmansyah, Andi, Nurhidayah A. Yani, Grace T. Pontoh, and Arifuddin Arifuddin. "Readiness of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Using Information Technology (Study in Selayar District)." AFEBI Accounting Review 6, no. 2 (January 1, 2022): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.47312/aar.v6i2.474.

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<p>This istudy iexamines ithe ireadiness iof iMicro iSmall iand iMedium iEnterprises i(MSMEs) iin iSelayar iRegency iin iusing iInformation iTechnology i(IT). iThe ipopulation iin ithis istudy iis iall iemployees ior iemployees iwho iwork iin ithe iMSMEs isector iin iSelayar iIslands iRegency. iSampling iis using purposive sampling techniques. This research is a quantitative approach. The data in this study were collected using questionnaires, then analyzed descriptively with descriptive statistics and inferentially using multiple linear regression analysis with the help of the SPSS 20 program. The results showed that: (1) ipartially, ioptimism iand iinnovation ihave ia ipositive iand isignificant ieffect ion iMSMEs ireadiness iin iusing iInformation iTechnology, iwhile iinsecurity ihas ia inegative iand isignificant ieffect ion iMSMEs ireadiness iin iusing iInformation iTechnology iand idiscomfort idoes inot ihave ia isignificant iinfluence ion iMSMEs ireadiness iin iusing iInformation iTechnology iin iSelayar iRegency, iand i(2) isimultaneously, ioptimism, iinnovation, iinsecurity, iand idiscomfort ihave ia isignificant ieffect ion iMSMEs ireadiness iin iusing iInformation iTechnology iin iSelayar iRegency. </p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Information Technology, MSMEs, Selayar Islands Regency</p>
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Dudnikov, Vadim, and Andrei Dudnikov. "Highly Efficient Small Anode Ion Source." Plasma 4, no. 2 (March 25, 2021): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plasma4020013.

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We describe some modifications to a Bernas-type ion source that improve the ion beam production efficiency and source operating lifetime. The ionization efficiency of a Bernas type ion source has been improved by using a small anode that is a thin rod, oriented along the magnetic field. The transverse electric field of the small anode causes the plasma to drift in the crossed ExB field to the emission slit. The cathode material recycling was optimized to increase the operating lifetime, and the wall potential optimized to suppress deposition of material and subsequent flake formation. A three-electrode extraction system was optimized for low energy ion beam production and efficient space charge neutralization. An ion beam with emission current density up to 60 mA/cm2 has been extracted from the modified source running on BF3 gas. Space charge neutralization of positive ion beams was improved by injecting electronegative gases.
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Bertelsen, Lone S., Lars Eckmann, and Kim E. Barrett. "Prolonged interferon-γ exposure decreases ion transport, NKCC1, and Na+-K+-ATPase expression in human intestinal xenografts in vivo." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 286, no. 1 (January 2004): G157—G165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00227.2003.

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IFN-γ is elevated in intestinal inflammation and alters barrier and transport functions in human colonic epithelial cell lines, but its effects on normal human small intestinal epithelium in vivo are poorly defined. We investigated effects of prolonged IFN-γ exposure on ion transport and expression of transporters by using human fetal small intestinal xenografts. Xenograft-bearing mice were injected with IFN-γ, and 24 h later xenografts were harvested and mounted in Ussing chambers. Baseline potential difference (PD) was not affected by IFN-γ treatment. However, conductance was enhanced and agonist-stimulated ion transport was decreased. IFN-γ also decreased expression of the Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter and the α-subunit of Na+-K+-ATPase compared with controls, whereas levels of the calcium-activated Cl- channel and CFTR were unaltered. Thus prolonged exposure to IFN-γ leads to decreased ion secretion due, in part, to decreased ion transporter levels. These findings demonstrate the implications of elevated IFN-γ levels in human small intestine and validate the human intestinal xenograft as a model to study chronic effects of physiologically relevant stimuli.
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Hinds, Bruce J. "Engineering small-ion transporter channels." Science 372, no. 6541 (April 29, 2021): 459–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abh2618.

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Leoni, Napoleon J., Henryk Birecki, Omer Gila, Michael H. Lee, Eric G. Hanson, and Richard Fotland. "Small Dot Ion Print-Head." NIP & Digital Fabrication Conference 27, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2169-4451.2011.27.1.art00015_1.

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Morais, Helio S. Autran. "Chloride Ion in Small Animal Practice: The Forgotten Ion." Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 2, no. 1 (January 1992): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-4431.1992.tb00019.x.

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Asidah, Banati Nurushiam Junita, Muhammad Suparmoko, and Uli Wildan Nuryanto. "Effect of Human Resource Competence and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Product Development Capability in Improving the Performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Serang City." Journal of Production, Operations Management and Economics, no. 33 (April 6, 2023): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jpome.33.20.26.

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iThe ipurpose iof ithis iresearch iis ito ianalyze ieffect iof ihuman iresource icompetence iand ientrepreneurial iorientation ion iproduct idevelopment icapability iin iimproving ithe iperformance iof iMicro, iSmall, iand iMedium iEnterprises iin iSerang iCity. This iresearch iuses iquantitative iresearch. Data icollection itechniques iusing a iquestionnaire. Population iin ithis istudy iof iMicro, iSmall, iand iMedium iEnterprises iin iSerang iCity iis i9, 484. This istudy iuses an ierror irate iof i5% iwith a total isample iof i316 irespondents. Data ianalysis iused iSMART-partial ileast isquare (SMART-PLS). The iresults iof ithe istudy ishow ithat ihuman iresource icompetence ihas ia isignificant ieffect ion iproduct idevelopment icapability iof iMicro, iSmall, iand iMedium iEnterprises iin iSerang iCity. Entrepreneurial iorientation ihas ia isignificant ieffect ion iproduct idevelopment icapability iof iMicro, iSmall, iand iMedium iEnterprises iin iSerang iCity. iHuman iresource icompetence ihas ia isignificant ieffect ion iimproving ithe iperformance iof iMicro, iSmall, iand iMedium iEnterprises iin iSerang iCity. Entrepreneurial iorientation ihas ia isignificant ieffect ion iimproving ithe iperformance iof iMicro, iSmall, iand iMedium iEnterprises iin iSerang iCity. Product idevelopment icapability ihas ia isignificant ieffect ion iimproving ithe iperformance iof iMicro, iSmall, iand iMedium iEnterprises iin iSerang iCity.iHuman iresource icompetence ihas ia isignificant ieffect ion iimproving ithe iperformance ithrough iproduct idevelopment icapability iof iMicro, iSmall, iand iMedium iEnterprises iin iSerang iCity. iEntrepreneurial iorientation ihas ia isignificant ieffect ion iimproving ithe iperformance ithrough iproduct idevelopment icapability iof iMicro, iSmall, iand iMedium iEnterprises iin iSerang iCity.
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Kuehl, H. H., and C. Y. Zhang. "Effects of ion drift on small‐amplitude ion‐acoustic solitons." Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics 3, no. 1 (January 1991): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.859946.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Small ion"

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Walters, Rhodri J. "Ion channel regulation in small intestinal crypts." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318409.

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Barniol, Xicota Marta. "New polycyclic small molecules as ion channel modulators." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400154.

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L’objectiu de la present tesi doctoral consisteix en desenvolupar molècules policícliques de baix pes molecular que tinguin com a diana tres canals iònics específics: la viroporina A/M2 del virus de la grip, el receptor purinèrgic dependent de lligand P2X7 i el receptor glutamatèrgic dependent de lligand N-metil-D-Aspartat, per tal de modular-los d’una manera tal que n’evitin o millorin el desenvolupament dels processos patogènics associats a aquestes proteïnes i/o que permetin ser emprades com a eines de recerca. En el capítol 1 es presenta una introducció general del paper dels canals iònics, així com una descripció més específica de cadascun dels 3 canals objecte d’estudi en aquesta Tesi. Els objectius d’aquest treball es detallen en el capítol 2, després del qual, en el capítol 3 es presenten un seguit d’anàlegs per contracció d’anell del fàrmac comercial Amantadina, resultant-ne els primers inhibidors duals del canal M2 del virus de la Influenza A descrits en la bibliografia, actius sobre la soca salvatge (wt) i sobre el mutant resistent a fàrmacs V27A (Rey-Carrizo, M. et al. J. Med. Chem. 2013, 56, 9265). Seguidament en la part A del capítol 4 es gràcies a estudis in silico, s’observa com un dels inhibidors triples presenta un mode d’unió diferent sobre els canals wt i V27A, que podria estar directament relacionat amb el mecanisme de resistència a fàrmacs del mutant V27A (Rey-Carrizo, M., et al. J. Med. Chem. 2014, 57(13), 5738). En el capítol 5 es completa el treball presentant per primera vegada la proba experimental d’una possible explicació del mecanisme de resistència a fàrmacs del mutant V27A. (Barniol-Xicota, M., et al. manuscrit acceptat al J. Med. Chem.). Com a continuació en el capítol 6 s’explora una diana diferent de la viroporina M2: l’hemaglutinina (HA) (Leiva, R., et al. manuscrit pendent d’enviar a J. Med. Chem.). El capítol 7 representa el primer treball que marca l’inici de la línia de recerca d’antagonistes del receptor P2X7 en el grup. (Barniol-Xicota, M., et al. manuscrit en revisió al Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.). Finalment, en el capítol 8, es presenten els primers exemples descrits a la bibliografia de multi-target directed ligands (MTDL) amb els receptors NMDA i P2X7 com a dianes. (Karou, O., et al. manuscrit pendent d’enviar a ACS Med. Chem. Lett.). Deixant de banda la recerca de compostos bioactius en la part B del capítol 4 es descriu un estudi teòric i experimental d’un alquè altament piramidalitzat, derivat de l’estructura d’un compost bioactiu detallat en la part A del mateix capítol. (Rey-Carrizo, M. et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 8195).
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Karim, A. R. "Transport of lithium ion across rodent small intestine." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356360.

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Kirkwood, D. A. "Photo-dissociation of small metal/alcohol cluster ions confined within an ion trap." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321474.

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Yau, Kwok-hei, and 邱國禧. "Small molecule-based synthetic ion channels modulate smooth muscle contraction and epithelial ion transport." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196079.

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In living systems, ion channels are membrane transport proteins that provide pathways for the passive diffusion of ions through lipid membranes. The flow of ions across membranes is the basis of many important physiological processes, including but not limited to the regulation of membrane potential, transepithelial transport and cell volume. While many efforts have been made to understand the biological roles of natural ion channels, the biological activities of artificial ion channels remain largely unknown. Recently, it was reported that a small molecule 1, which forms synthetic chloride (Cl–) channels in membranes via self-assembly, is capable of modulating vascular functions. In this thesis, novel small molecules that are structurally similar to 1 are shown to form artificial ion channels in membranes. Together with 1, the effects of these small molecules on the contractile activities of smooth muscles and epithelial ion transport are explored. The therapeutic implications of the findings are also discussed. A collection of small molecules was screened using liposome-based fluorescence assays. In these assays, the ability of the synthetic compounds to modulate membrane potential was monitored. The screening yielded compound 3 that formed synthetic potassium (K+) channels in liposomal membranes, although the liposome-based fluorescence experiments suggested that 3 also transported Cl–. Two derivatives of 3, namely, compounds 2 and 4 were also examined. Single-channel recording experiments suggested that 2 forms synthetic Cl– channels in liposomal membranes. The effects of compounds 2 and 3 on the functions of the vascular smooth muscle are explored. Using confocal imaging, it was shown that both 2 and 3 counteracted the effects of high-K+ depolarizing solution on membrane potential and intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. 2 and 3 also relaxed mice aortic rings pre-contracted with high-K+ solution. These observations can be explained in terms of the Cl– transporting functions of 2 and 3. To determine the potential for developing the compounds into bronchodilators, the effects of compounds 1 and 3 on the contractile activities of the airway smooth muscle (ASM) were explored using organ bath technique. The contractile activities of the trachea isolated from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were first characterized. Among the contractile agents used, only potassium chloride (KCl), cholinergic agonists, serotonin and endothelin-1 were contractile to the SD rat trachea. 1 and 3 relaxed the ASM pre-contracted with KCl, whereas the contractions induced by other agonists were not affected. The ability of compounds 2, 3 and 4 to modulate ion transport across cultured epithelia was tested by the short-circuit current measurement technique. It was shown that the compounds were capable of inducing Cl– secretion when applied to the apical side of airway and colonic epithelia. Importantly, the synthetic compounds induced apical Cl– secretion in immortalized cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchial epithelia. This suggests that the synthetic compounds may be used to correct the anion transport defect in CF epithelia. In summary, the small-molecule based synthetic ion channels demonstrated two important general functions of natural ion channels, namely, the regulation of membrane potential and epithelial ion transport.
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Chemistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Sprenkle, Robert Tucker. "Ion Friction at Small Values of the Coulomb Logarithm." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6979.

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We create a dual-species ultracold neutral plasma (UNP) by photo-ionizing Yb and Ca atoms in a dual-species magneto-optical trap. Unlike single-species UNP expansion, these plasmas are well outside of the collisionless (Vlasov) approximation. We observe the mutual interaction of the Yb and Ca ions by measuring the velocity distribution for each ion species separately. We model the expansion using a fluid code including ion-ion friction and compare with experimental results to obtain a value of the Coulomb logarithm of Λ= 0.04.
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Savić, Igor. "Formation of small hydrocarbon ions under inter- and circumstellar conditions experiments in ion traps /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://archiv.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/2004/0132.

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Savić, Igor. "Formation of Small Hydrocarbon Ions Under Inter- and Circumstellar Conditions: Experiments in Ion Traps." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200401322.

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Using ion-trapping techniques, selected laboratory experiments on ion-molecule reactions of astrophysical interest have been performed. For the first time a carbon beam source has been integrated into an ion trapping machine for studying collisions between ions and neutral carbon atoms and molecules. Results are presented for the interaction of D3+ ions stored in a ring-electrode trap (RET), with a beam of hot neutral carbon molecules, Cn (n = 1, 2, 3). The measured reaction rate coefficients are up to a factor two smaller than values presently used in astrophysical models. In order to complete our knowledge about the ion chemistry involving three carbon atoms, detailed investigations of reactions of C3+, C3H+ and C3H3+ with H2 and HD have been performed between 15 K and room temperature. These studies have been performed in a second apparatus, a variable-temperature 22-pole trap machine (VT-22PT). Results include reactive collisions, deuteration and radiative association. It is discussed in connection with the increase in lifetime of the C3+ + H2 collision complexes with falling temperature, what could be responsible for producing more C3H+ at 15 K. Tunneling is excluded. In C3+ + HD collisions an isotope effect has been detected, the C3D+ product ions being slightly more abundant than C3H+. Comparison of the reaction of C3H+ primary ions with HD and H2 gas revealed that the deuterated molecules are significantly more reactive. The process of radiative association of C3H+ and for the first time of C3+ with hydrogen molecules has been observed. An analysis of the data shows that radiative association becomes slower, if the neutral reactant is deuterated. Finally, the theoretical prediction from ab initio calculations that C3H3+ does not exchange an H for a D in collisions with HD, has been proven in an ion trap experiment. Careful analysis of all competing processes allows the conclusion that the rate coefficient is smaller than 4x10-16 cm3s-1 at 15 K
Unter Verwendung von zwei Speicherapparaturen wurden ausgewählte, astrophysikalische wichtige Ionen-Molekülreaktionen untersucht. Durch die Kombination einer Kohlenstoffquelle mit einem Ionenspeicher, in dem so Reaktionen zwischen Ionen und Kohlenstoffmolekülen oder -atomen untersucht werden können, wurde Neuland betreten. Es werden Ergebnisse vorgestellt für die Reaktion von D3+ Ionen, die in einem Ringelektrodenspeicher gefangen sind, mit einem Strahl von heißen Cn (n = 1, 2, 3). Die gemessenen Ratenkoeffizienten sind nur halb so groß wie die Werte, die in astrophysikalischen Modellen verwendet werden. Um die Kenntnis über alle möglichen Reaktionen, bei denen drei C-Atome beteiligt sind, abzurunden, wurden zwischen 15 K und Zimmertemperatur die Reaktionen zwischen C3+, C3H+ und C3H3+ Ionen mit H2 und HD in vielen Details untersucht. Diese Experimente wurden in einer zweiten Apparatur durchgeführt, in der ein temperaturvariabler 22-Polspeicher das zentrale Element ist (VT-22PT). Berichtet werden Ergebnisse zu reaktiven Stößen, zur Deuterierung von Kohlenwasserstoffen und zur Strahlungsassoziation. In der Diskussion bleibt offen, was - in Verbindung mit der von 300 K zu 15 K zunehmenden Lebensdauer - der Grund dafür sein kann, daß die Bildung des exothermen Produkts C3H+ anwächst. Der Tunneleffekt scheidet aus. Bei der Reaktion C3+ + HD wurde ein Isotopeneffekt beobachtet, das C3D+ Produkt wird etwas häufiger gebildet als C3H+. Ein Vergleich der Reaktion zwischen C3H+ Ionen mit HD bzw. H2 zeigt, daß das deuterierte Molekül wesentlich reaktiver ist. Es wurden Ratenkoeffizienten für die Strahlungsassoziation von H2 Molekülen mit C3H+ und erstmals mit C3+ Ionen gemessen. Die Auswertung der Daten zeigt, dass der Prozeß langsamer abläuft, wenn der neutrale Stoßpartner deuteriert ist. Schließlich wurde experimentell die theoretische Vorhersage überprüft, dass C3H3+ keinen H-D Austausch mit HD eingeht. Eine sorgfältige Analyse aller konkurrierenden Prozesse ergab, dass bei 15 K der Raten koeffizient kleiner als 4x10-16 cm3s-1 ist
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Smith, Richard W. "A study of small molecule ingress into planar and cylindrical materials using ion beam analysis." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390579.

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Sheppard, David N. "Ion channel regulation in enterocytes from Necturus maculosus small intestine." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334271.

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Books on the topic "Small ion"

1

Karim, Abid Rashid. Transport of lithium ion across rodent small intestine. Wolverhampton: The Polytechnic, Wolverhampton, School of Applied Sciences, 1985., 1985.

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Astrid, Sigel, and Sigel Helmut, eds. Probing of nucleic acids by metal ion complexes of small molecules. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1996.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. LOW-POWER ION PROPULSION FOR SMALL SPACECRAFT... NASA-TM-113111... APR. 7, 1998. [S.l: s.n., 1999.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. LOW-POWER ION PROPULSION FOR SMALL SPACECRAFT... NASA-TM-113111... APR. 7, 1998. [S.l: s.n., 1999.

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Fayek, Mostafa. Secondary ion mass spectrometry in the earth sciences: Gleaning the big picture from a small spot. Toronto: Mineralogical Association of Canada, 2009.

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C, Shanks Wayne, Criss R. E, and USGS Development of Assessment Techniques Program., eds. New frontiers in stable istopic research: Laser probes, ion probes, and small-sample analysis. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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C, Shanks Wayne, and Criss R. E, eds. New frontiers in stable isotopic research: Laser probes, ion probes, and small-sample analysis. Washington, DC: Dept. of the Interior, 1989.

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Wang, Zhong-Lie. Ion Beam Interaction with Matter: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications of Ion Beams Produced by Small Accelerators, 20-24 October 1987, Jinan, China. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1989.

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International Symposium on Applications of Ion Beams Produced by Small Accelerators (1987 Jinan). Ion beam interactions with matter: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications of Ion Beams Produced by Small Accelerators 20-24 October 1987, Jinan, China. Edited by Wang Zhong-Lie. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1989.

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Fadiel, Mahmoud Mahdy. Mast cells, eosinophils and ion transport in the small intestine from experimental animals infected with 'fasciola hepatica'. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Small ion"

1

Berry, S. D. "Continuous Mass Selected Cluster Ion Production using a Liquid Metal Ion Source." In Physics and Chemistry of Small Clusters, 49–54. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0357-3_7.

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Kallio, Kari, and Lea Kauppi. "Ion Budgets of Small Forested Basins." In Acidification in Finland, 811–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75450-0_39.

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Siekmann, H. R., Ch Lüder, J. Faehrmann, H. O. Lutz, and K. H. Meiwes-Broer. "The pulsed arc cluster ion source (PACIS)." In Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters, 867–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76178-2_209.

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Maier-Borst, M., P. Löffler, J. Petry, and D. Kreisle. "Ion mobility measurements of metal halide clusters." In Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters, 476–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60854-4_113.

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Cheshnovsky, O., P. J. Brucat, S. Yang, C. L. Pettiette, M. J. Craycraft, and R. E. Smalley. "Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Metal Cluster Ion Beams." In Physics and Chemistry of Small Clusters, 1–14. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0357-3_1.

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Gatteschi, Dante, and Roberta Sessoli. "Large Metal Ion Clusters - Small Magnetic Particles." In Fine Particles Science and Technology, 517–31. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0259-6_36.

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Abe, Tomoko, Hiroyuki Ichida, Yoriko Hayashi, Ryouhei Morita, Yuki Shirakawa, Kotaro Ishii, Tadashi Sato, Hiroki Saito, and Yutaka Okumoto. "Ion beam mutagenesis - an innovative and effective method for plant breeding and gene discovery." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 411–23. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0042.

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Abstract We have developed a unique technology for mutation induction of plants using energetic ion beams at the RI Beam Factory (RIBF) of Rikagaku Kenkyūjo (RIKEN) (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research). Ion beams effectively induce mutations at relatively low doses without severely inhibiting growth. The irradiation treatment can be given to various plant materials and mutation can be induced in a short time, between seconds and a few minutes. The linear energy transfer (LET) of ions depends on the nuclide and velocity. Since LET value affects the mutation frequency, it is an important parameter to determine the most effective irradiation condition in mutagenesis. We determined the most effective dose in each LET for mutation induction in imbibed rice seeds. Subsequently, we analysed the mutated DNA responsible for the phenotype in morphological mutants. Most of the mutations were small deletions of less than 100 bp. Irradiations of C-ions and Ne-ions are effective for plant breeding because of the very high mutation rate and sufficient energy to disrupt a single gene. On the other hand, all mutations induced by Ar-ion (290 keV/μm) irradiation were large deletions ranging from 176 bp to approximately 620 kb. The average number of mutations in the target exon regions was 7.3, 8.5 and 4.3 per M3 mutant plant in C-ions, Ne-ions and Ar-ions, respectively. The number of mutations induced by heavy-ion irradiation was relatively small. We could identify six responsible genes for eight mutants induced by C-ion and Ne-ion irradiations and two responsible genes for four mutants induced by Ar-ion irradiation. Three of these were genes not previously described.
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Haberland, H., M. Karrais, and M. Mall. "A new type of cluster and cluster ion source." In Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters, 863–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76178-2_208.

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Forsius, Martin, Sirpa Kleemola, Michael Starr, and Tuija Ruoho-Airola. "Ion Mass Budgets for Small Forested Catchments in Finland." In Biogeochemical Monitoring in Small Catchments, 19–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0261-2_2.

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Nishi, N., and H. Shinohara. "Intra-cluster ion-molecule reactions and photodissociation of molecular clusters." In Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters, 269–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74913-1_60.

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Conference papers on the topic "Small ion"

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Yatsufusa, Tomoaki, Rio Kamei, and Hu Wentao. "Effects of shape of ion probe on flame detecting characteristics in 2-stroke gasoline engine." In Small Engine Technology Conference & Exposition. 10-2 Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan: Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-32-0571.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Multiple-ion probe method is one of the beneficial method to obtain the detailed information about explosive combustion such as knocking. Our group has been trying to expand the measurement ability on multiple ion probe method from highly-controlled combustion in combustion test tube studied by previous studies to highly-unstable combustion such in spark ignition engines. The previous studies showed that multiple-ion probe method was able to capture the movement of propagating flame in 2-stroke gasoline engine in limited conditions. It requires that more reliable detection of propagating flame in the engine to capture the flame movement more stably.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In the present study, the effects of the shape of the ion probe on flame detection characteristics in 2-stroke gasoline engine was investigated. Tested parameters of the shape in the ion probe were projection length and diameter of an ion probe wire. Projection length was changed as 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5mm. Test results say that the projection length has positive effects for flame detection. Longer projection length has a higher sensitivity for flame detection. Diameter of ion probe wire was changed as 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0mm. Experimental results indicate that the size of diameter has less effect on the mean strength of detected flame signal than the projection length.</div></div>
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Beck, Kai W., Sören Bernhardt, Ulrich Spicher, Tim Gegg, Armin Kölmel, Andreas Paa, Tycho Weissgerber, and Marc Westecker. "Ion-Current Measurement in Small Two-Stroke SI Engines." In Small Engine Technology Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2008-32-0037.

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Suzuki, Tsuyoshi, Hironori Ohara, Akihiro Kakishima, Koji Yoshida, and Hideo Shoji. "A Study of Knocking Using Ion Current and Light Emission." In Small Engine Technology Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2003-32-0038.

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Yatsufusa, Tomoaki, Kentaro Takatani, Keigo Kii, and Shinsuke Miyata. "Precise Measurement of Propagating Flame in 2-Stroke Gasoline Engine by Multiple Ion-Probes." In JSAE/SAE Small Engine Technologies Conference & Exhibition. 10-2 Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan: Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-32-0048.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Multiple ion-probes method provides fine measurement on propagating flame by using multiple ion-probes installed tow-dimensionally on the wall surface of confined chamber. Each ion-probe detects the arrival of propagating flame and the detecting time is recorded. The data set of flame detecting times is able to re-generate the temporary and spatially detailed behavior of flame propagation. Because ion-probe itself generally has physical and thermal strength, multiple ion-probe method is suitable method for detailed measurement of the combustion resulting pulsatile high pressure such as in reciprocating piston engines.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In the present study, flame measurement technic by multiple ion-probes has been experimentally introduced for measuring the combustion in 2-stroke gasoline engine. The present paper reports the detailed results of measurement on propagating flame in the engine. In addition, newly clarified technical issues of this technic is also mentioned. Experimental results shows that this technic is able to capture the flame even in IDLE operation, which usually results weak combustion and very small flame signal. This is realized by high-speed and high-amplification gain by spatially designed amplification circuit. Finally, temporally and spatially resolved flame propagation behavior was re-generated by averaged flame detecting time data in each ion-probe.</div></div>
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Yatsufusa, Tomoaki. "Investigation of Multiple-Ion-Probe Measurement and Data Analysis Method for Flame Propagation in SI Engines." In Small Powertrains and Energy Systems Technology Conference. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-1814.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">In the multiple-ion probe method, multiple ion probes are installed on the combustion chamber wall, and each individual ion probe detects flame contact and records the time of flame arrival. From the recorded data, it is possible to reconstruct the dynamic behavior of the flame surface and, for example, indirectly visualize the inside of the combustion chamber as a moving image. In this study, 32 ion probes were used to record flames propagating in a 2-stroke SI engine, and various analysis and evaluation methods other than indirect visualization was investigated and evaluated. Although it is possible to extract local flame propagation velocity, direction of propagation, etc. from the reconstructed flame propagation in the engine, an analysis method that aims to find the characteristics of the overall combustion in the actual combustion during a single cycle from a single feature, rather than local data, was investigated. Five types of features were extracted from the flame detection time data interpolated between ion probes by cubic splines. These features were used to investigate the characteristics of the data obtained from the multiple-ion probe measurement. It is expected that multiple-ion probe measurement can be used in combination with pressure measurement and visualization measurement to obtain more detailed information on combustion in the engine.</div></div>
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Grimaldi, Alberto, Lorenzo Mucciarella, and Francesco Virgilii. "Study of Ion Current Based Misfire Detection in Motorcycle Applications." In JSAE/SAE Small Engine Technologies Conference & Exhibition. 10-2 Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan: Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-32-0011.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Concerning internal combustion engines (ICEs), the analysis and evaluation of combustion quality and pollutant agents has drawn the attention of public opinion and worldwide authorities. Moreover, combustion quality in ICEs affects the drivability of motorbikes/cars, a most important quality for the customers’ point of view. The possibility to monitor engine behavior is a target that every car/motorcycle OEM is seeking, so as to comply with legislated pollutant limits. As the EURO V OBD Stage II regulations state, starting from the year 2020 all the emission related components will need to be monitored. In particular, the legislator requests to monitor the frequency of misfires, due to possible damage to the catalytic converter; in fact, the malfunction of this component can dramatically affect exhaust gas pollutant emissions. This article introduces a method for combustion quality and misfire monitoring, aimed at motorcycle engine applications, based on ion current flowing in an electronic circuit in which the sensing element is the common spark plug. It is well known that motorcycle engine characteristics, such as increased speed, low inertia and chain transmission, represent limits and challenges for conventional misfire monitoring methods based on readings from the crankshaft speed sensor. The scope of the paper is to demonstrate that the use of ion current sensing for combustion analysis is suitable and reliable for motorcycle applications. The study is developed using a production Eldor electronic control unit (ECU), with an integrated ion acquisition circuit and installed on a production series sport motorcycle, compliant with the Euro 4 emissions legislation. Moreover, the ECU software (SW) is modified to stimulate misfiring caused by both ignition and injection failures. A phase of system calibration was needed in order to identify the proper misfire detection thresholds, as a function of engine speed/load. After calibration, the overall test has been carried out by means of a chassis dynamometer test bench, with the vehicle following a WLTC emission cycle. The analysis of results shows that ion current based misfire monitoring is worthwhile and can be used as a feedback for cycle-by-cycle improvement of combustion in small engines for motorcycle applications.</div></div>
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MOEHRING, D. L., M. ACTON, B. B. BLINOV, K. A. BRICKMAN, L. DESLAURIERS, P. C. HALJAN, W. K. HENSINGER, et al. "ION TRAP NETWORKING: COLD, FAST, AND SMALL." In Proceedings of the XVII International Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812701473_0043.

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Patterson, Michael, Steven Oleson, Michael Patterson, and Steven Oleson. "Low-power ion propulsion for small spacecraft." In 33rd Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1997-3060.

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Carman, Howard S., and Robert N. Compton. "Negative ion formation in small carbon clusters." In Laser ablation: mechanisms and applications—II. AIP, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.44897.

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Wang, Xuemei. "The extraction of small cluster ions from cesium sputtering ion source." In The CAARI 2000: Sixteenth international conference on the application of accelerators in research and industry. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1395475.

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Reports on the topic "Small ion"

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Lonardoni, Diego. Exploring new small system geometries in heavy ion collisions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1768415.

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CASELLA, VITO. Small Column Ion Exchange Monitor System Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/835547.

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Herman, D. ROTARY FILTER FINES TESTING FOR SMALL COLUMN ION EXCHANGE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1022759.

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Jenkins, T. M. Radiation transmission measurements on a small warm ion chamber. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7249126.

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Poirier, M., C. Ferguson, and D. Koopman. RHEOLOGY OF SETTLED SOLIDS IN THE SMALL COLUMN ION EXCHANGE PROCESS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1013044.

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Ferguson, C., M. Prior, D. Koopman, and T. Edwards. RHEOLOGY OF SETTLED SOLIDS IN THE SMALL COLUMN ION EXCHANGE PROCESS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1017431.

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McCabe, D. J., L. L. Hamm, S. E. Aleman, D. K. Peeler, C. C. Herman, and T. B. Edwards. High Level Waste System Impacts from Small Column Ion Exchange Implementation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/881518.

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Brown, Garrett N., Renee L. Russell, and Reid A. Peterson. Small-Column Cesium Ion Exchange Elution Testing of Spherical Resorcinol-Formaldehyde. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1034590.

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Lee, S. THERMAL MODELING ANALYSIS OF CST MEDIA IN THE SMALL COLUMN ION EXCHANGE PROJECT. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1016381.

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RAMSEY AA and THORSON MR. TECHNICAL COMPARISON OF CANDIDATE ION EXCHANGE MEDIA FOR SMALL COLUMN ION EXCHANGE (SCIX) APPLICATIONS IN SUPPORT OF SUPPLEMENTAL LAW PRETREATMENT. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1004084.

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