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Hall, Jenny. "Digital Kimono: Fast Fashion, Slow Fashion?" Fashion Theory 22, no. 3 (April 27, 2017): 283–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1362704x.2017.1319175.
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Fleury, Felipe Guimarães, and Mirtes Marins de Oliveira. "Fast-Slow." dObra[s] – revista da Associação Brasileira de Estudos de Pesquisas em Moda, no. 32 (August 3, 2021): 20–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26563/dobras.i32.1365.
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O objetivo do artigo, a partir de pressupostos ideológicos que sustentam os movimentos de moda fast-fashion e slow fashion, é analisar os discursos construídos acerca da obsolescência de produtos de moda sob a ótica dos sistemas de produção linear e circular relacionados à significação do paradoxo Fast-Slow. Tais análises não se limitam a negar o fast-fashion e afirmar o slow fashion como possível alternativa à obsolescência. Conforme Weber (1999), o entendimento das questões subjetivas e empíricas desses fenômenos sociais levam ao interesse preliminar de repensar a própria estrutura do cenário têxtil-confecção-moda e sua organização social e ambiental para rever os desafios futuros. Ainda como base teórica, utiliza-se Berlim (2015), Fletcher e Grose (2011), Kazazian (2005), Minney (2016) e Salcedo (2014) a fim de fundamentar as perspectivas de um possível caminho para a atuação ética do profissional de moda em uma sociedade de consumo com vistas à transição do modelo econômico linear para o circular com maiores conhecimentos sobre desenvolvimento sustentável.
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Ivan, Coste Maniere, Doyle Celia, Guerbas Sarah, and Guisiano-Demarez Matthieu. "FROM FAST FASHION TO SLOW FASHION SUSTAINABLE INNOVATIONS: FROM NATURE TO FASHION." Global Fashion Management Conference 2019 (July 11, 2019): 512–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15444/gfmc2019.05.06.01.
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Coutinho, Marina, and Graziela Brunhari Kauling. "Fast fashion e slow fashion: o paradoxo e a transição." Revista Memorare 7, no. 3 (December 21, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/memorare.v7e3202083-99.
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A contemporaneidade é caracterizada por mudanças constantes em todos os aspectos da sociedade. O presente artigo objetiva analisar a transição paradoxal entre os fenômenos sociais do fast fashion como reflexo da era moderna e o slow fashion como uma reação pós-moderna. Para essa reflexão, são estudados os conceitos de Saturação de Michel Maffesoli e da Bacia Semântica de Gilbert Durand, ambas teorias do imaginário. A metodologia de pesquisa se faz pela abordagem compreensiva, que visa descrever o vivido reconhecendo no cotidiano a força da potência social. O Fashion Revolution traz, com a metáfora do fluxo das águas de Durand, o exemplo desse movimento cíclico. O estudo sugere que a transição é um processo permanente e contínuo, porém inconstante, imprevisível e não linear
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Brewer, Mark K. "Slow Fashion in a Fast Fashion World: Promoting Sustainability and Responsibility." Laws 8, no. 4 (October 9, 2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws8040024.
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Through its rapid production methods that supply the latest catwalk styles almost instantaneously to the high street, the fast fashion model has revolutionized the fashion industry, while generating a significant carbon footprint and a host of social concerns. Yet, the law is either slow or ineffective in promoting sustainability in a world obsessed with image and social connectivity, while outdated notions of companies continue to dominate the legal academy. This chapter initially examines the fashion industry’s environmental footprint. Then, it examines the rise of the fast fashion model and law’s inadequacy to prevent the model from undermining intellectual property rights or effectively address the model’s detrimental impact on environmental and social sustainability. The chapter then challenges traditional notions of corporate personality, calling for more responsible corporate behavior and greater legal scrutiny. Finally, the chapter considers various issues to enhance ethical behavior in companies, arguing that the slow fashion movement provides an alternative paradigm to the fast fashion model, since the slow fashion movement connects suppliers and producers more closely with consumers, thereby enhancing sustainability and corporate responsibility.
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Noh, Mijeong, Jessica Carroll, Sierra Holt, and Kristeena Blaser. "FAST AND SLOW FASHION BRANDS IN DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE FASHION ASPECT OF FIBER MATERIALS." Global Fashion Management Conference 2017 (July 6, 2017): 439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15444/gfmc2017.05.08.01.
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Aldilax, Dandy, and Waldemar Pfoertsch. "Application of Combined SWOT and AHP for Strategy Development: A Case of Slow Fashion Brand in Bandung, Indonesia." Asian Journal of Technology Management (AJTM) 13, no. 3 (2020): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12695/ajtm.2020.13.3.3.
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Abstract. Raising global awareness in a sustainable environment intrigued many young designers and environmental activists to create environmentally friendly products. Slow fashion is a new solution to overcome issues caused by fast fashion, which promotes concern about the environment and sustainability of the products proven by materials, process, and disposal of the products. However, there is lack of empirical evidence about strategy development for Slow Fashion brand in Indonesia. This study aims to identify an appropriate strategy for slow fashion brand in Bandung, Indonesia. Bandung is one of the most creative cities in Indonesia, according to UNESCO, and be the main area of the research. Based on the result, researcher can determine several strategies for slow fashion brand in Indonesia. This research used quantitative approach through questionnaire filled during Forum Group Discussion (FGD). In developing the strategies, internal and external factors were carried out from environment scanning and discussion, then analyzed use hybrid methodology of SWOT-AHP. The result of the study concludes four strategies by considering both internal and external factors overall priority score. This study is important in understanding the most important factors to consider in developing strategies to grow a slow fashion brand in Indonesia. Keywords: Analytical Hierarchy Process , Slow Fashion, Strategic Planning , SWOT
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Wright, G., and E. Hurn. "Cytochalasin inhibition of slow tension increase in rat aortic rings." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 267, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): H1437—H1446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.267.4.h1437.
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We separated the K(+)-induced contraction of rat aortic rings into its initial (fast) and secondary (slow) components. It was found that temperature sensitivity, K+ depolarization, and Ca2+ dependency could each be utilized to differentiate between these two components of the contractile response. Increasing the passive tension preload of the tissue increased the fast response but had no significant effect on the secondary slow rise in tension. Cytochalasins, which inhibit actin polymerization, reversibly inhibited tension development by rat aortic rings with the effect selectively confined to the slow component of the K(+)-induced contraction. In a similar fashion, cytochalasin was shown to attenuate the slow tension increase caused by phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate. Finally, it was found that low concentrations of the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor staurosporine (8 x 10(-9) M) selectively attenuated the slow component of the K(+)-induced contraction. The results suggest that distinctly different mechanisms regulate the initial fast and secondary slow contractile responses induced by elevation of extracellular K+. Both mechanisms are voltage sensitive and use extracellular Ca2+. The fast but not the slow component was altered by changing the passive tension preload in a fashion consistent with a sliding filament mechanism of force development. The specific nature of the slow component is not certain but may involve low-level PKC activity and require the integrity and capability for remodeling of a specific portion of the actin-containing cytoskeleton.
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Das, Marie, Laure Herweyers, Ingrid Moons, and Els Du Bois. "STRATEGIC DESIGN OPPORTUNITIES TO INCREASE SUSTAINABLE FASHION AWARENESS AND BEHAVIOUR." Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (July 27, 2021): 2711–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.532.
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AbstractFast fashion, with its focus on cheap clothing and everchanging trends, has an enormous negative environmental and social impact. Despite rising consumer awareness and slow fashion as an emerging trend, many consumers often still rely on fast fashion. This research aims to create insights into why customers keep returning to fast fashion and what is holding them back from buying sustainable fashion. This is done through a quantitative survey (n=521) and qualitative semi-structured interviews (n=9). Based on the findings, opportunities are defined for designers on how, where, and when to intervene, and on which target group to focus. The main obstacles that counter slow fashion are (i) a lack of understandable and clear information, (ii) the price or available budget, and (iii) the importance of social influence. Strategic design interventions should focus on educating eco-conscious and social-conscious customers based on their personal definition of sustainable fashion. By providing in-store information during time of purchase, designers can create new shopping experiences, educate customers using a positive note and build customer relations with the retailer. Further research should extend these insights with retailers' perspectives.
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Solino, Livia Juliana Silva, Breno Moore de Lima Teixeira, and Ítalo José de Medeiros Dantas. "sustainability in fashion." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 164–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss10.2670.
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A reflexive movement around the universe of fashion shows alternatives to combat unrestrained consumption. The weakening of textile resources found in nature, and the devaluation of local production, seeking significantly, attributes that are applicable amid problematization caused since obtaining products. fashion items until their disposal. The slow fashion movement appears as a counterpoint to the fast-fashion model, seeking to add value in a rational way to clothing items in the globalized market, inserting sustainability as the main propagator of this dynamic that grows in a dizzying way over time. Thus, the objective of this research is to identify how slow fashion has been discussed in academic research. For this, a systematic literature search was carried from its first publication, in 2008, until the year 2019. The research is classified as descriptive with a qualitative-quantitative approach. As a result, 105 papers were obtained, ranging from articles in journals and congresses to master's thesis and doctoral dissertations. It is a review of literature on how this topic is being disseminated amid the informational flow of fashion and its easy democratic access and debate, as well as the systematization of data that prove its existence and its interfaces that are relevant in business competitive level. About the results, we identified mostly qualitative research, focusing on the conceptual development of the area until at least mid-2017, with a change to practice during the year 2019, with exponential growth in recent years, especially in countries like Brazil and United States. It was also possible to define the term movement to characterize slow fashion, as well as to determine a holistic concept that better defines the vision of researchers in the area, with special focus on the works of Kate Fletcher. With this review, the necessary knowledge is exposed to deal with the subject in question and expand this theme in other areas that are appropriate to it.
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Zarley Watson, Maegan, and Ruoh‐Nan Yan. "An exploratory study of the decision processes of fast versus slow fashion consumers." Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal 17, no. 2 (May 3, 2013): 141–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-02-2011-0045.
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Goldsworthy, Kate. "The Speedcycle: a design-led framework for fast and slow circular fashion lifecycles." Design Journal 20, sup1 (July 28, 2017): S1960—S1970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14606925.2017.1352714.
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Earley, Rebecca. "Designing Fast & Slow. Exploring fashion textile product lifecycle speeds with industry designers." Design Journal 20, sup1 (July 28, 2017): S2645—S2656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14606925.2017.1352776.
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Puiu, Ionela-Andreea. "THE EFFECT OF THE CONSUMER DECISION-MAKING PROCESS ON THE PERCEIVED VALUE TOWARD SLOW FASHION." Three Seas Economic Journal 2, no. 1 (April 26, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2661-5150/2021-1-1.
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Slow fashion designates a new paradigm in the clothing industry that promotes the importance of fashion goods realized with natural and durable products, empowering consumers to use the purchased clothes for a longer time, decreasing, in this case, the environmental and societal impact of fashion pieces. Even if it designates the opposite of fast fashion production, the slow fashion notoriety is not remarkably high among consumers. This study proposed to examine the effect of the consumers' decision-making process on the noticed value toward slow fashion. In this regard, we considered multiple decision-making constructs and tested their impact on consumers’ perceived value toward slow fashion. Also, we examined if there are discrepancies in the perceived value toward slow fashion based on gender. A survey was designed and administrated in Romania to a sample of 330 consumers aged between 18-25. We applied to the collected data exploratory analysis to identify the distribution of manifest variables into factors, followed by confirmatory factor analysis to test the performance of the obtained factors. Finally, we tested the proposed hypotheses using the structural equation model procedure. Were identified seven dimensions that compose the decision-making process of the consumers, namely, recreational shopping, perfectionism, brand knowledge, over choice confusion, fashion awareness, impulsive buying, and brand loyalty. Also, were found three dimensions that constitute the consumers' perceived value toward slow fashion, namely, emotional, social, and financial dimensions. The results showed that over choice confusion exhibits a positive effect on the emotional and financial value; fashion awareness manifests a positive effect on the social value, while brand loyalty manifests a positive impact on the financial value. In the case of gender impact on the emotional value, it was identified that, if a respondent is a female, the influence is positive and statistically significant.
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Zielińska-Szczepkowska, Joanna. "Slow Tourism – The Fashion for Slowness or a Conscious Choice?" Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia 20, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 468–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/foli-2020-0060.
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Abstract Research background: The fast pace of life of contemporary people living in developed countries results in a search for peace and relaxation, which is reflected in new forms of tourism. One of them is slow tourism, which is at an early stage of development. A new type of tourist is emerging – one who is conscious, responsible, critical, respectful of nature, open to learning about the customs, culture and religion of local populations. Purpose: This paper analyses the changes that take place in tourism from a socio-economic perspective, characterized by withdrawing from mass tourism and a shift towards individual tourism, with particular emphasis on slow tourism. Research methodology: The paper is based on a compilation of the current literature of the subject, reports and analysis of Polish websites devoted to slow travel. It is a synthesis of economic and social aspects of slow tourism development, including the motives for taking up slow tourism by tourists and the offer of slow travel in Poland. Results: The analysis of the literature reveals a large diversity in the definition of slow tourism. A lively discussion is going on regarding the meaning of the new trend, its importance and future. In Poland, slow tourism is becoming increasingly popular, as evidenced by, among others: an increase in the number of offers for slow tourists. Novelty: This analysis contributes to deepening the knowledge on new trends in tourism – slow tourism. These considerations contribute to the author’s further research on the development of this phenomenon.
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Hani, Anoud, Feras Al-Obeidat, Elhadj Benkhelifa, and Oluwasegun Adedugbe. "A Framework for Online Social Network Volatile Data Analysis: A Case for the Fast Fashion Industry." JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science 26, no. 1 (January 28, 2020): 127–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jucs.2020.008.
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Consumer satisfaction is an important part for any business as it has been shown to be a major factor for consumer loyalty. Identifying satisfaction in products is also important as it allows businesses alter production plans based on the level of consumer satisfaction for a product. With consumer satisfaction data being very volatile for some products due to a short requirement period for such products, current consumer satisfaction must be identified within a shorter period before the data becomes obsolete. The fast fashion industry, which is part of the fashion industry, is adopted as a case study in this research. Unlike slow fashion, fast fashion products have short shelf lives and their retailers must be able to react swiftly to consumer demands. This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of current data mining techniques when used to identify consumer satisfaction towards fast fashion products. This is carried out by designing, implementing and testing a software artefact that utilises data mining techniques to obtain, validate and analyse fast fashion social data, sourced from Twitter, to identify consumer satisfaction towards specific product types. In addition, further analysis is carried out using a sentiment scaling method adapted to the characteristics of fast fashion.
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Shih, WenYing Claire, and Konstantinos Agrafiotis. "Competitiveness in a Slow Relational Production Network." Clothing and Textiles Research Journal 35, no. 3 (January 27, 2017): 143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887302x17690023.
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Global clothing production has given rise to fast fashion strategies adopted by the majority of fashion retailers. However, there is a production network located in London, one of the most expensive areas in the world. The Savile Row tailors using craft techniques slow by nature have never outsourced production to remain competitive. In line with the resource-based view, the relational view, and global production networks theories, the authors devise a conceptual framework as they seek to explore how competitiveness can be achieved within a slow production network. A single case study of London’s Savile Row tailoring operations is adopted. This self-reliant network has managed to acquire capabilities and specialized knowledge and transform them into core competences, thus generating competitiveness. The perennial values of this slow craft and its recent international revival secure the tailors’ longevity.
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Carol Cavender, Raye. "Exploring the Influence of Sustainability Knowledge and Orientation to Slow Consumption on Fashion Leaders’ Drivers of Fast Fashion Avoidance." American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Business 4, no. 3 (2018): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtab.20180403.12.
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Gonçalves, Marília Matos, Daniela Estaregue Alves, Cristiano Alves Silva, and Taynara Oliveira Martins. "PESQUISA E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UMA COLEÇÃO DE MODA SLOW FASHION." MIX Sustentável 7, no. 1 (December 21, 2020): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29183/2447-3073.mix2020.v7.n1.19-32.
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Uma das indústrias que mais cresce é aquela que envolve produtos de vestuário. Ao longo do século passado (1900 – 2000), o mercado desse tipo de produto tem crescido e junto dele, a competitividade foi ficando mais acirrada. No caso da moda das massas (aquelas cuja produção acontece em grande escala), utiliza-se de processos que visam a produção de peças de forma mais rápida e mais baratas. Consequentemente são também rapidamente consumidas e descartadas. A esse sistema deu-se o nome de fast fashion. Entretanto, o prejuízo socioambiental é considerável. Opondo-se a esse sistema, o movimento slow fashion, surgiu no início deste século buscando minimizar esses danos socioambientais. Este artigo apresenta o processo de criação de uma coleção de roupas desenvolvida em um projeto de conclusão de curso a partir de estratégias sustentáveis. Para tanto, além de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, foi realizada um estudo prático – a proposta de coleção. Conclui-se que, tal como prega o movimento slow fashion, é possível produzir peças que preconizam os princípios de sustentabilidade.
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Head, S. I., and M. B. Arber. "An active learning mammalian skeletal muscle lab demonstrating contractile and kinetic properties of fast- and slow-twitch muscle." Advances in Physiology Education 37, no. 4 (December 2013): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00155.2012.
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The fact that humans possess fast- and slow-twitch muscle in the ratio of ∼50% has profound implications for designing exercise training strategies for power and endurance activities. With the growth of exercise and sport science courses, we have seen the need to develop an undergraduate student laboratory that demonstrates the basic properties of fast- and slow-twitch mammalian skeletal muscle. This laboratory illustrates the major differences in contractile properties and fatigue profiles exhibited by the two muscle types. Students compare and contrast twitch kinetics, fused tetanus characteristics, force-frequency relationships, and fatigue properties of fast- and slow-twitch muscles. Examples of results collected by students during class are used to illustrate the type of data collected and analysis performed. During the laboratory, students are encouraged to connect factual information from their skeletal muscle lectures to their laboratory findings. This enables student learning in an active fashion; in particular, the isolated muscle preparation demonstrates that much of what makes muscle fast or slow is myogenic and not the product of the nervous or circulatory systems. This has far-reaching implications for motor control and exercise behavior and therefore is a crucial element in exercise science, with its focus on power and endurance sport activities. To measure student satisfaction with this active learning technique, a questionnaire was administered after the laboratory; 96% of the comments were positive in their support of active versus passive learning strategies.
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Cross, Karen, Josie Steed, and Yang Jiang. "Harris Tweed: A glocal case study." Fashion, Style & Popular Culture 8, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): 475–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/fspc_00102_1.
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Fast and effectively disposable fashion has seen clothing reduced to transient items, worn for a short period of time then discarded. This has pushed down prices, moving textile and clothing production to low-cost labour countries and decimating the traditional Scottish textile economy. Fast fashion drives consumer demand for newness and uses finite resources that are damaging to the environment. In 2019, the pressure to move towards a more sustainable fashion and textile industry is intense. Traditional textile manufacture using natural, renewable sources that are inherently long-lasting offers a slow fashion alternative, epitomized by the Harris Tweed handweaver community in Scotland. Fashion has embraced digital, with growing online sales and increasing focus on digital content. This presents an opportunity to redress the balance by using technology to shape a sustainable future for traditional textiles. Utilizing an interpretive paradigm and inductive approach, an Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) funded networking grant is presented as a qualitative case study, investigating how immersive technologies can be used to safeguard the future of traditional textile products, to educate contemporary, global audiences on the provenance and human hand behind manufacturing processes and to encourage consumption of products with longevity. This explanatory case study finds that fashion brands are using immersive technologies for virtual changing rooms or creative customer experiences but are not exploiting the possibilities of immersive technologies in engendering a sense of place or people behind the product. Findings also reveal that the Harris Tweed Authority and Harris Tweed Hebrides brand successfully use landscape to convey a sense of place, but are under-utilizing the handwoven value and sustainable, slow fashion credentials of Harris Tweed. China is identified as a potential place for Harris Tweed to gain valuable market share, with increasingly wealthy Chinese Generation Z consumers seeking individual exclusivity and sustainability in their clothing purchases, criteria that embody Harris Tweed.
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김진아 and 유태순. "Comparison between Fast and Slow fashion-goods consumers’ consumption attitudes and the influence of Psychographic characteristics." Journal of Korea Design Forum ll, no. 45 (November 2014): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21326/ksdt.2014..45.016.
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Goldsworthy, Kate, Rebecca Earley, and Kay Politowicz. "Circular Speeds: A Review of Fast & Slow Sustainable Design Approaches for Fashion & Textile Applications." Journal of Textile Design Research and Practice 6, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 42–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20511787.2018.1467197.
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Sutantio, Maradita. "Fashion Sebagai Perlawanan dan Media Komunikasi." JURNAL RUPA 5, no. 2 (February 16, 2021): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25124/rupa.v5i2.2384.
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Artikel ini mengulas fungsi pakaian dan produk fashion, yang tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai alat pelindung tubuh – namun juga dapat menjadi suatu alat komunikasi dan perlawanan. Fashion secara simbolik menyusun mitos-mitos yang secara kolektif memaparkan suatu penanda situasi dalam berbagai era. Hal ini termasuk munculnya fenomena slow fashion dan sustainable fashion yang kerap muncul sebagai bentuk perlawanan terhadap gelombang fast fashion dalam dunia fashion.
Sistem ini muncul dari negara-negara maju dari Amerika, Inggris, Eropa dan Australia dengan standar-standar yang disusun dalam sistem sirkular. Sustainable fashion dianggap sebagai solusi dari timpangnya sistem industri produk fashion. Dalam kesadaran budaya kolektif, fashion yang menggunakan bahasa dan penanda khusus di luar fungsi utamanya sebagai pelindung tubuh, fashion juga mengkonstruksi tanda dalam diri pemakainya sebagai suatu entitas yang mampu berkomunikasi secara utuh. Sehingga ia diidentifikasi menjadi sebuah produk mandiri dan tunggal yang diasosiasikan dengan pemaknaan tersendiri.
Dengan kajian teoritis dari Roland Barthes, artikel ini menunjukan bahwa fashion terdiri dari bentukan bahasa dan ekspresi konsumen dalam selubung konsumerisme, materialisme, komersialisme, dan gelombang marketing tentang fashion, sehingga kita hampir tidak menyadari bahwa kita telah mengesampingkan hal-hal primordial manusia.
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Robson, L. G. "Cellular patterning of fast and slow fibres in the intermandibularis muscle of chick embryos." Development 117, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.117.1.329.
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The way in which the pattern of cell types arises during development of individual muscles was explored. The pattern of cellular differentiation resulting from the synthesis of particular fast and slow myosin heavy chains (MyHC) was investigated in the intermandibularis muscle in the lower jaw of chick embryos. The intermandibularis muscle has a proximodistal pattern of fibre type distribution. The distal region of the muscle contains a ratio of 1.5:1 fast to slow muscle fibres, which increases to > 2.5:1 in the proximal region. The intermandibularis muscle is assembled in a proximodistal sequence, with both fast and slow muscle cells differentiating within the earliest muscle and then establishing the specific pattern of cell types. This pattern is not dependent on a specific innervation source, as normal lower jaw muscles develop and the intermandibularis has the same graded cellular pattern when the mandibular primordium is grafted to the limb bud stump. Micromass cultures were used to explore the pool of potentially myogenic cells that are available to construct the muscles. Even before the muscle differentiates in vivo, both fast and slow cells are present in the primordia. These potentially myogenic cells are already distributed within the primordium in a proximodistal fashion that mimics the cellular pattern found in the muscle that develops.
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Pittman, Andrea L., Ashley J. Pederson, and Madalyn A. Rash. "Effects of Fast, Slow, and Adaptive Amplitude Compression on Children’s and Adults’ Perception of Meaningful Acoustic Information." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 25, no. 09 (October 2014): 834–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.25.9.6.
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Background: Fast- and slow-acting amplitude compression parameters have complementary strengths and weaknesses that limit the full benefit of this feature to hearing aid users. Adaptive time constants have been suggested in the literature as a means of optimizing the benefits of amplitude compression. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of three amplitude compression release times (slow, fast, and adaptive) on children’s and adults’ accuracy for categorizing speech and environmental sounds. Research Design: Participants were asked to categorize speech or environmental sounds embedded in short trials containing low-level playground noise. Stimulus trials included either a high-level environmental sound followed by a lower-level speech stimulus (word) or a high-level speech stimulus followed by a lower-level environmental sound. The listeners responded to the second (low-level) stimulus in each trial. The two stimuli overlapped temporally in half of the trials but not in the other half. The stimulus trials were processed to simulate amplitude compression having fast (40 msec), slow (800 msec), or adaptive release times. The adaptive-compression parameters operated in a slow fashion until a sudden increase/decrease in level required a rapid change in gain. Study Sample: Participants were 15 children and 26 adults with hearing loss (HL) as well as 20 children and 21 adults with normal hearing (NH). Data Collection and Analyses: Performance (in % correct) was arcsine transformed and subjected to repeated-measures analysis of variance with pairwise comparisons of significant main effects using Bonferroni adjustments for multiple comparisons. Results: Overall, the performance of listeners with HL was poorer than that of the listeners with NH and performance for the environmental sounds was poorer than for the speech stimuli, particularly for the adults and children with HL. Significant effects of age group, stimulus overlap, and compression speed were observed for the listeners with NH, whereas effects of stimulus overlap and compression speed were found for the listeners with HL. Whereas listeners with NH achieved optimal performance with slow-acting compression, the listeners with HL achieved optimal performance with adaptive compression. Conclusions: Although slow, fast, and adaptive compression affects the acoustic signal in a subtle fashion, amplitude compression significantly affects perception of speech and environmental sounds.
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Tsika, R. W., R. E. Herrick, and K. M. Baldwin. "Subunit composition of rodent isomyosins and their distribution in hindlimb skeletal muscles." Journal of Applied Physiology 63, no. 5 (November 1, 1987): 2101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.63.5.2101.
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Three adult skeletal muscle sarcomeric myosin heavy chain (MHC) genes have been identified in the rat, suggesting that the expressed native myosin isoforms can be differentiated, in part, on the basis of their MHC composition. This study was undertaken to ascertain whether the five major native isomyosins [3 fast (Fm1, Fm2, Fm3), 1 slow (Sm), and 1 intermediate (Im)], typically expressed in the spectrum of adult rat skeletal muscles comprising the hindlimb, could be further differentiated on the basis of their MHC profiles in addition to their light chain composition. Results show that in muscles comprised exclusively of fast-twitch glycolytic (FG) fibers and consisting of Fm1, Fm2, and Fm3, such as the tensor fasciae latae, only one MHC, designated as fast type IIb, could be resolved. In soleus muscle, comprised of both slow-twitch oxidative and fast-twitch oxidative-glycolytic fibers and expressing Sm and Im, two MHC bands were resolved and designated as slow/cardiac beta-MHC and fast type IIa MHC. In muscles expressing a mixture of all three fiber types and a full complement of isomyosins, as seen in the plantaris, the MHC could be resolved into three bands. Light chain profiles were characterized for each muscle type, as well as for the purified isomyosins. These data suggest that Im (IIa) consists of a mixture of fast and slow light chains, whereas Fm (IIb) and Sm (beta) isoforms consist solely of fast- and slow-type light chains, respectively. Polypeptide mapping of denatured myosin extracted from muscles expressing contrasting isoform phenotypes suggests differences in the MHC primary structure between slow, intermediate, and fast myosin isotypes. These findings demonstrate that 1) Fm, Im, and Sm isoforms are differentiated on the bases of both their heavy and light chain components and 2) each isomyosin is distributed in a characteristic fashion among rat hindlimb skeletal muscles. Furthermore, these data suggest that the ratio of isomyosins in a given muscle or muscle region is of physiological importance to the function of that muscle during muscular activity.
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Luana Graf Cypriano and Elcio Ribeiro da Silva. "LEVANTAMENTO E ANÁLISE DE DADOS PARA CRIAÇÃO DE IDENTIDADE VISUAL DE MARCA DE MODA ATEMPORAL." Plural Design 3, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/pl.v3i1.60.
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Tendo em vista o impacto ambiental gerado pelas indústrias têxteis e o curto ciclo de vida dos produtos de moda provenientes principalmente do movimento fast fashion, este projeto surge com o objetivo de levantar informações a fim de desenvolver identidade visual para marca de moda sustentável, dedicada ao público adulto feminino, com uma narrativa estruturada com valor atemporal, slow fashion e baixo impacto ambiental. A metodologia utilizada para a coleta de dados é adaptada de Wheeler (2012) e desdobra-se em duas etapas: condução da pesquisa e esclarecimento da estratégia. Como principal resultado, espera-se que este artigo identifique informações relevantes para o desenvolvimento da identidade visual da marca.
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Assunção, Letícia Formoso, Amalia Kusiak Martinez, and Jocelise Jacques de Jacques. "Discursos éticos e estéticos:." Modapalavra e-periódico 14, no. 32 (April 19, 2021): 73–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5965/1982615x14322021073.
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Neste artigo, são analisados os valores simbólicos e as estratégias discursivas presentes em editoriais de moda produzidos por dois diferentes modelos de empresas de vestuário: uma marca de fast fashion e uma marca de slow fashion. Para tanto, é utilizado o aparato teórico-metodológico da semiótica discursiva desenvolvida por Algirdas Julien Greimas, tendo em vista o levantamento de hipóteses interpretativas e a apreensão dos efeitos de sentido vinculados às imagens fotográficas destes dois modelos de negócio. Como resultado, as leituras dos elementos visuais que compõem os editoriais analisados sugerem a promoção de valores distintos que apontam para as possíveis posições ideológicas discursivizadas pelas marcas.
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Lee, R. H., and C. J. Heckman. "Essential Role of a Fast Persistent Inward Current in Action Potential Initiation and Control of Rhythmic Firing." Journal of Neurophysiology 85, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 472–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.85.1.472.
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In spinal motoneurons in an in vivo preparation, we investigated the relationship between a fast persistent inward current located in or near the soma and the capacity of these cells to fire rhythmically. The fast persistent current could be markedly reduced by prolonged depolarization. Modest reductions resulted in profound changes in the slope of the frequency-current relationship. At greater reduction levels, rhythmic firing failed and could not be restored by increasing injected current. However, fully formed spikes still occurred in a slow, uncoordinated fashion, suggesting that the fast inactivating Na+ currents that generate the spike itself remained unchanged. Consequently, the fast persistent inward current, which may be primarily generated by persistent Na+ channels, appears to be essential for initiation of spikes during rhythmic firing. Additionally, it appears that the fast persistent current plays a major role in setting the frequency-current gain.
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Seliari, Tutun. "Facilitating “Paguyuban Batik Tulis Langensari” In Determining Targets To Respond The Global Fashion Trends." Adi Widya : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 3, no. 2 (December 28, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33061/awpm.v3i2.3360.
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Paguyuban Batik Tulis Langensari (PBTLS) is a community of batik artisans in the area around Embung Langensari, Yogyakarta. Determining the target of enthusiast of handmade batik from PBTLS crafters requires a strategy so that batik results can be right on target. The strategy that will be carried out requires an agreement that becomes a joint agreement in the community, given the current fashion trends that are developing very fast. Along with the development of the main trends in life, namely go green that returns to nature, fashion trends are also following. Today's global fashion trends are shifting from fast fashion to slow fashion. The target of the PBTLS is to determine the meeting point between products that have been produced as supply and market needs/demand. The method used in determining PBTLS targets is carried out through 4 stages. The first stage identifies the range of products that have been produced by PBTLS. The second stage determines the target users of PBTLS products. The third stage determines the direction of product development. Then the fourth step determines the uniqueness of PBTLS products. In carrying out these four steps, a crafter's poll was conducted through a "mentimeter application" conducted on 17 PBTLS artisans and focus group discussions (FGD). Through the application of the "mentimeter" the results of the PBTLS artisans poll can be immediately known to be discussed and formulated together through the FGD. The results obtained by the main target of PBTLS are middle-aged mothers consumers. Uniform fashion / formal batik fashion becomes the main target for the direction of PBTLS product development by developing the unique PBTLS products namely motifs and colors of handmade batik.
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Culina, Joel, Sergey Kravtsov, and Adam H. Monahan. "Stochastic Parameterization Schemes for Use in Realistic Climate Models." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 68, no. 2 (February 1, 2011): 284–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jas3509.1.
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Abstract Stochastic parameterizations of fast-evolving, subgrid-scale processes are increasingly being used in a range of models from conceptual models to general circulation models. However, stochastic terms are generally included in an ad hoc fashion. In this study, a systematic method—“Hasselmann’s method”—of stochastic parameterization is developed through the direct application of rigorously justified limit theorems that predict the effective slow dynamics in systems with coupled slow and fast variables. The multiple Hasselmann models form a hierarchy of models ordered by the time scales over which they are expected to provide good approximations to the slowly evolving variables. Adaptable, efficient algorithms for integrating these reduced models are developed that require minimal changes to the unreduced model. Hasselmann’s method is tested on an O(10 000)-dimensional (planetary and synoptic scale) quasigeostrophic model of atmospheric low-frequency variability. Low-dimensional deterministic and stochastic models in the planetary-scale modes alone are derived, which accurately generate the statistics of the corresponding modes of the unreduced model, including the statistical signatures of jet regime behavior. It is shown that deterministic nonlinearity through slow forcing averaged with respect to the fast modes distribution dominates over multiplicative noise in generating the regime behavior.
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Davies, William. "Anger fast and slow: mediations of justice and violence in the age of populism." Global Discourse 10, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/204378920x15784101117036.
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The rise of populist political rhetoric and mobilisation, together with a conflict-riven digital public sphere, has generated growing interest in anger as a central emotion in politics. Anger has long been recognised as a powerful driver of political action and resistance, by feminist scholars among others, while political philosophers have reflected on the relationship of anger to ethical judgement since Aristotle. This article seeks to differentiate between two different ideal types of anger, in order to illuminate the status of anger in contemporary populist politics and rhetoric. First, there is anger that arises in an automatic, pre-conscious fashion, as a somatic, reactive and performative way, to an extent that potentially spirals into violence. Second, there is anger that builds up over time in response to perceived injustice, potentially generating melancholia and ressentiment. Borrowing Kahneman’s dualism, the article refers to these as ‘fast’ and ‘slow’ anger, and deploys the distinction to understand how the two interact. In the hands of the demagogue or troll, ‘fast anger’ can be deployed to focus all energies on the present, so as to briefly annihilate the past and the ‘slow anger’ that has been deposited there. And yet only by combining the conscious reflection of memory with the embodied response of action can anger ever be meaningfully sated in politics.
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Gratton, Gabriele, Monica Fabiani, David Friedman, Maria Angela Franceschini, Sergio Fantini, Paul Corballis, and Enrico Gratton. "Rapid Changes of Optical Parameters in the Human Brain During a Tapping Task." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 7, no. 4 (October 1995): 446–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1995.7.4.446.
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Measures of parameters of the migration of near-infrared photons through the head (attenuation, or intensity, and time-of-flight, or delay) have been proposed as a way of assessing noninvasively and in a quasicontinuous fashion changes in the scattering and absorption properties of brain tissue. These, in turn, may reflect functional changes associated with behavioral tasks. To test this hypothesis, we measured changes of photon migration parameters from scalp locations proximal to the motor cortex from four human subjects, tapping at a rate of 0.8 Hz with their left or right hand, or with their left or right foot. Tapping produced both slow effects (requiring several seconds) and fast effects (tracking the tapping frequency). Slow effects were characterized by increase and delay of the light passing through the hemisphere contralateral to the tapping hand. Fast effects consisted of changes in the light delay during hand tapping. Monte Carlo simulations based on layer models of the brain indicated that fast effects are consistent with changes in deep layers of the head (presumably in the cortex), and that slow effects are consistent with either a shift of absorbing material toward deeper layers or a reduction in scattering. These results suggest that optical parameters can monitor rapid changes of brain activity, matching the contralateral organization of the motor cortex.
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Larson-Prior, L. J., D. R. McCrimmon, and N. T. Slater. "Slow excitatory amino acid receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in turtle cerebellar Purkinje cells." Journal of Neurophysiology 63, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 637–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1990.63.3.637.
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1. The excitatory synaptic responses of turtle Purkinje cells to climbing and parallel fiber (CF and PF) stimulation have been studied by the use of intrasomatic and intradendritic recordings in intact cerebellum and brain stem-cerebellum preparations in vitro. 2. Activation of CF inputs from the cerebellar peduncle or the region of the inferior olive evoked complex spikes followed by slow excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs), both of which were evoked in an all-or-none fashion. 3. Single stimuli applied to the cerebellar molecular layer activated fast PF-mediated EPSPs; brief trains of PF stimuli (2-5 stimuli, 50-100 Hz) evoked volleys of fast EPSPs followed by a slow, long-lasting EPSP. The amplitude of the fast and slow PF-mediated EPSPs were both graded with stimulus intensity. 4. Slow EPSPs evoked both by CF and PF stimulation were associated with an increase in membrane conductance and were increased in amplitude by hyperpolarization. 5. The CF-evoked slow EPSP was profoundly attenuated by repetitive activation at interstimulus intervals of less than 15-20 s, whereas the PF-evoked slow EPSP was not reduced by repetitive activation. 6. The PF-evoked slow EPSP readily triggered dendritic pacemaker discharges when activated at or near resting membrane potential. The activation of this potential by phasic PF volleys may, therefore, provide an appropriate synaptic drive to cerebellar Purkinje cells to entrain the intrinsic pacemaker properties of these cells to cycles of motor activity. 7. Both slow synaptic potentials were blocked by the excitatory amino acid antagonists kynurenate and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX), but not by DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (DL-AP5) or L-serine-O-phosphate (L-SOP). The PF-evoked slow EPSP was selectively antagonized by L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (L-AP4; 20-100 microM). 8. It is suggested that the CF- and PF-evoked slow EPSPs observed in this study represent a novel class of excitatory amino acid receptor-mediated slow synaptic potentials activated by Purkinje cell afferents, which may play a role in synaptic integration and motor pattern generation in the cerebellum.
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Tiao, G., M. Lieberman, J. E. Fischer, and P. O. Hasselgren. "Intracellular regulation of protein degradation during sepsis is different in fast- and slow-twitch muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 272, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): R849—R856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.272.3.r849.
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We tested the hypothesis that the difference in the response to sepsis of protein breakdown between fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscle reflects differential activation of the energy-ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway. In addition, we defined the time course and the tissue specificity of sepsis-induced changes in the expression of the ubiquitin pathway. Sepsis was induced in rats by cecal ligation and puncture; control rats were sham operated. Energy-dependent protein breakdown was measured in incubated extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles. Ubiquitin mRNA levels were determined by Northern blot analysis. Sepsis resulted in increased energy-dependent protein breakdown and upregulated expression of ubiquitin mRNA in the fast-twitch EDL but not in the slow-twitch soleus muscle. The sepsis-induced increase in ubiquitin mRNA levels in the EDL muscle was noticeable before the increase in energy-dependent protein breakdown. Sepsis increased ubiquitin mRNA levels in the diaphragm (a mixed fiber-type muscle) but not in heart, liver, kidney, or intestine, consistent with a tissue-specific regulation of the ubiquitin system during sepsis. The results suggest that the difference in protein breakdown during sepsis between fast- and slow-twitch muscles reflects differential activation of the energy-ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway. The data also suggest that the expression of the ubiquitin pathway is upregulated in a time-dependent fashion during sepsis and that this response is not a generalized phenomenon but is tissue specific.
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Gutzwiller, Robert S., Kimberly J. Ferguson-Walter, and Sunny J. Fugate. "Are Cyber Attackers Thinking Fast and Slow? Exploratory Analysis Reveals Evidence of Decision-Making Biases in Red Teamers." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631096.
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We report on whether cyber attacker behaviors contain decision making biases. Data from a prior experiment were analyzed in an exploratory fashion, making use of think-aloud responses from a small group of red teamers. The analysis provided new observational evidence of traditional decision-making biases in red team behaviors (confirmation bias, anchoring, and take-the-best heuristic use). These biases may disrupt red team decisions and goals, and simultaneously increase their risk of detection. Interestingly, at least part of the bias induction may be related to the use of cyber deception. Future directions include the development of behavioral measurement techniques for these and additional cognitive biases in cyber operators, examining the role of attacker traits, and identifying the conditions where biases can be induced successfully in experimental conditions.
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Bkaily, G., N. Sperelakis, J. F. Renaud, and M. D. Payet. "Apamin, a highly specific Ca2+ blocking agent in heart muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 248, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): H961—H965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1985.248.6.h961.
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Apamin, a bee venom polypeptide, was recently reported to block specifically the Ca2+-dependent K+ channels that are not blocked by tetraethylammonium chloride in muscle cells. We report here that apamin blocked the naturally occurring slow action potentials (APs) in cultured cell reaggregates from chick hearts. The effects of apamin were not reversible on washout with Tyrode solution only (up to 24 h), but quinidine (10(-8) M) reversed the apamin blockade of the slow channels. Apamin also blocked the isoproterenol-induced slow APs in freshly isolated chick ventricular cells depolarized by 22 mM extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]o) in a dose-dependent fashion (10(-12) to 10(-10) M). Apamin at 5 X 10(-11) M blocked the isoproterenol-induced slow APs without affecting the membrane potential. Washout (with Tyrode solution containing 22 mM [K+]o and 10(-6) M isoproterenol) did not recover the slow APs. However, recovery of the slow APs was possible only when quinidine (10(-8) M) was added to the superfusion medium. The fast APs were rapidly restored by washout with Tyrode solution only. The present data show that apamin is a highly specific compound that tightly binds to the Ca2+ slow channels, thus blocking the slow APs in heart muscle. In addition, quinidine antagonizes the apamin binding on the slow APs.
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Narusawa, M., R. B. Fitzsimons, S. Izumo, B. Nadal-Ginard, N. A. Rubinstein, and A. M. Kelly. "Slow myosin in developing rat skeletal muscle." Journal of Cell Biology 104, no. 3 (March 1, 1987): 447–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.104.3.447.
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Through S1 nuclease mapping using a specific cDNA probe, we demonstrate that the slow myosin heavy-chain (MHC) gene, characteristic of adult soleus, is expressed in bulk hind limb muscle obtained from the 18-d rat fetus. We support these results by use of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) which is highly specific to the adult slow MHC. Immunoblots of MHC peptide maps show the same peptides, uniquely recognized by this antibody in adult soleus, are also identified in 18-d fetal limb muscle. Thus synthesis of slow myosin is an early event in skeletal myogenesis and is expressed concurrently with embryonic myosin. By immunofluorescence we demonstrate that in the 16-d fetus all primary myotubes in future fast and future slow muscles homogeneously express slow as well as embryonic myosin. Fiber heterogeneity arises owing to a developmentally regulated inhibition of slow MHC accumulation as muscles are progressively assembled from successive orders of cells. Assembly involves addition of new, superficial areas of the anterior tibial muscle (AT) and extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL) in which primary cells initially stain weakly or are unstained with the slow mAb. In the developing AT and EDL, expression of slow myosin is unstable and is progressively restricted as these muscles specialize more and more towards the fast phenotype. Slow fibers persisting in deep portions of the adult EDL and AT are interpreted as vestiges of the original muscle primordium. A comparable inhibition of slow MHC accumulation occurs in the developing soleus but involves secondary, not primary, cells. Our results show that the fate of secondary cells is flexible and is spatially determined. By RIA we show that the relative proportions of slow MHC are fivefold greater in the soleus than in the EDL or AT at birth. After neonatal denervation, concentrations of slow MHC in the soleus rapidly decline, and we hypothesize that, in this muscle, the nerve protects and amplifies initial programs of slow MHC synthesis. Conversely, the content of slow MHC rises in the neonatally denervated EDL. This suggests that as the nerve amplifies fast MHC accumulation in the developing EDL, accumulation of slow MHC is inhibited in an antithetic fashion. Studies with phenylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism indicate that inhibition of slow MHC accumulation in the EDL and AT is not initially under thyroid regulation. At later stages, the development of thyroid function plays a role in inhibiting slow MHC accumulation in the differentiating EDL and AT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Lee, Sae-Eun, Naan Ju, and Kyu-Hye Lee. "Visioning the Future of Smart Fashion Factories Based on Media Big Data Analysis." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 17, 2021): 7549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167549.
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Recently, many companies have adopted smart factories to increase productivity and efficiency. However, the fashion industry is one of the industries that have been relatively slow at embracing automation and switching to a smart factory. The purpose of the study is to suggest the future direction of the low-maturity smart factory in the fashion industry through newspaper analysis. In this study, semantic network analysis and convergence of iterated correlation (CONCOR) analysis were performed on 15,523 news articles. The analyses revealed that the smart fashion factory was developing to incorporate automated, unmanned, and intelligent operation. The problem of job loss owing to the smart factory was also heavily addressed in the news articles. In the newspaper articles, the view that the smart factory is efficient, fast, and innovative, and concerns regarding the possible damages that will result from hacking and machine malfunction were simultaneously expressed. Therefore, if news about security improvement emerges in the future, negative public opinion will be reduced, positively influencing the government’s support for smart factories and policy making.
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Kauling, Graziela Brunhari. "Uma reflexão sobre moda e imaginário: mocinha ou vilã?" Revista Memorare 7, no. 3 (December 21, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/memorare.v7e3202028-38.
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À luz da sociologia compreensiva, a moda já não é simplesmente a moda, as roupas, os artefatos, os utensílios, os adereços, mas um sinal de que a trajetória humana não se resume à sobrevivência, à luta pela vida, mas transcende o cotidiano e nos remete a um conjunto social que cria novas possibilidades, tanto no plano simbólico quanto na esfera dos significados. Portanto, esse estudo visa refletir as potencialidades da moda com base nas noções da teoria do imaginário pelos fenômenos fast fashion e slow fashion como efervescências sociais entre as eras moderna e pós-moderna. O questionamento que permeia essa reflexão está pautado na polaridade existente nas questões sociais referentes ao fenômeno complexo que é a moda. A moda pode ser nociva, mas pode ser também afetual, depende do que ela está a materializar. Essa materialidade possibilita refletir instantaneamente os anseios efervescentes e latentes do âmbito social.
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Massaro, Tatiana. "Relações entre moda, sustentabilidade e vida." dObra[s] – revista da Associação Brasileira de Estudos de Pesquisas em Moda, no. 32 (August 3, 2021): 88–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.26563/dobras.i32.1368.
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A relação entre sustentabilidade e moda é recente e tem uma ligação íntima com a vida. Tal aproximação, ocorrida na virada do século XX para o XXI, pode ser observada na indústria têxtil, na qual essa conexão é cada vez mais visível. Buscando evidenciar e analisar esses elos, o artigo que segue, i) inicial e resumidamente retoma as principais transformações ocorridas neste período, com especial atenção à moda e à sustentabilidade; em seguida ii) destaca os contextos nos quais contrastantes sistemas da indústria têxtil, como o fast-fashion e o slow fashion, se estabeleceram; na sequência iii) trata de iniciativas da moda brasileira conectadas a este escopo sustentável, e, ao final, iv) apresenta, mais especificamente, a marca Flavia Aranha, que, baseada nesses preceitos, faz o que nomeia por “roupa viva”, envolvendo nela elementos essenciais da chamada moda sustentável e a própria relação com a vida.
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Stenton, Marie, Veronika Kapsali, Richard S. Blackburn, and Joseph A. Houghton. "From Clothing Rations to Fast Fashion: Utilising Regenerated Protein Fibres to Alleviate Pressures on Mass Production." Energies 14, no. 18 (September 8, 2021): 5654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185654.
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Sustainable methods of practice within the fashion and textile industry (FTI) often strive to employ a circular economy that aims to eliminate waste through the continual use of resources. Complex problems such as waste, consumption, and overproduction are heavily intertwined; the main aim of this paper is to report on research focused on re-examining the potential of food waste streams as a commercially viable and circular source of raw materials for the FTI. Herein, regenerated protein fibres (RPFs) from food production waste streams rich in protein have been chosen as the main topic of focus. RPFs have a rich and relevant history from a local manufacturing perspective during wartime and post-war clothing rationing (1941–1949) in the UK. RPFs were used to meet civilian needs for wool-based textiles as part of a wider series of ‘make do and mend’ strategies designed to manage the consumption of new textile products. However, RPFs demonstrated inferior quality in terms of durability when compared to wool-based textiles, a significant contributing factor to the consequent commercial phasing out of RPFs. In today’s take–make–waste model, the FTI landscape can be defined by speed, from slow (high-quality materials and construction, long-lasting products) to fast (seasonal, disposable, low-quality materials and construction), the latter infamous for dire environmental impacts. A key objective of this research is to review the association of quality and longevity within the context of a local and circular fashion economy in which textile quality and lifecycle analysis are holistically matched to the longevity of the textile, garment, or product to reduce waste across the supply chain.
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Griffith, T. M., and D. H. Edwards. "Fractal analysis of role of smooth muscle Ca2+ fluxes in genesis of chaotic arterial pressure oscillations." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 266, no. 5 (May 1, 1994): H1801—H1811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.266.5.h1801.
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We have investigated the role of vascular smooth muscle Ca2+ fluxes in the genesis of chaotic pressure oscillations induced by histamine in isolated resistance arteries from the rabbit ear. The responses exhibited distinct "fast" and "slow" components, with periods of 5-20 s and 1-5 min, respectively, which could be dissociated pharmacologically. The fast subsystem involved ion movements at the cell membrane and was inhibited by both low (< 2 mM) and high (> 5 mM) extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o) by verapamil (which inhibits voltage-dependent Ca2+ influx) and by charybdotoxin (ChTX) and apamin (which block Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels). In contrast, the slow subsystem was intracellular and was selectively attenuated by ryanodine, which inhibits Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum. The effects of these interventions on the complexity of the responses were quantified by calculating their fractal dimension, a parameter that estimates the minimum number of independent variables contributing to an irregular time series. Its mean value was generally > 2 under control conditions but decreased to < 2 in a concentration-dependent fashion in the presence of verapamil, ChTX, apamin, or ryanodine and when [Ca2+]o was outside the range of 2-3 mM. Each intervention thus removed one dimension of complexity from the mechanisms generating the rhythmic activity. We conclude that the interaction of a fast membrane oscillator, which involves Ca2+ influx, Ca(2+)-activated K+ efflux, and therefore presumably changes in membrane potential, and a slow intracellular oscillator involving Ca2+ sequestration and release from stores is responsible for vascular chaos in our model. The coupling between these subsystems is likely to be mediated by cytosolic [Ca2+].
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Traiperm, Natthapon, Rungchai Chaunchaiyakul, Martin Burtscher, and Hannes Gatterer. "Cardiac Biomarkers Following Marathon Running: Is Running Time a Factor for Biomarker Change?" International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 16, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 1253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2020-0352.
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Purpose: Plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac troponin T levels show a transient increase after marathon running. The aim of this study was to investigate whether running duration influences the patterns of changes in cardiac biomarkers. Methods: Twenty participants with fast and slow finishing times were included in the study. Blood samples were taken before the marathon race, immediately after, and 24 hours after the race. Samples were analyzed for NT-proBNP and cardiac troponin T concentration. Furthermore, a complete blood cell count was performed. Results: After the marathon race, the fast and slow runners showed similar changes of NT-proBNP and cardiac troponin T (ie, a transient increase). Curve estimation regression analysis showed a curvilinear relationship (quadratic model) between running times and NT-proBNP increments immediately after the race, with less of an increase in the very fast and the very slow runners (r2 = .359, P = .023). NT-proBNP increments immediately after the race were correlated to the decline 24 hours after the marathon (r = −.612, P = .004). Conclusions: This study indicates that NT-proBNP release immediately after marathon running varies in a curvilinear fashion with running time. It is speculated that low NT-proBNP release is associated with training adaptation in most elite runners and the relatively low cardiac stress in the slowest (but experienced) runners. The combination of less adaptation and relatively large cardiac wall and metabolic stress may explain the highest NT-proBNP values in runners with average running times. In addition, NT-proBNP decrements 24 hours after the race depend primarily on the values reached after the marathon and not on running time.
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de Ana, F. J., and M. O'Donnell. "Blood Flow Estimation Error with Intravascular Ultrasound Due to In-Plane Component of Flow." Ultrasonic Imaging 25, no. 3 (July 2003): 193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016173460302500306.
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Previously, we presented a real-time method to measure blood flow perpendicular to the image plane of an intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging system using a slow-time FIR (finite impulse response) filter bank. Any in-plane flow introduces error in the flow measurement using the filter bank algorithm. Simulations show that for a flow angle of ±10° and velocities between 200 mm/s and 300 mm/s, the energy within the lowest frequency band filter is 6.92 to 7.80 times higher than for perpendicular flow in the worst case. We present a variation of the FIR filter bank algorithm, applying filter coefficients in a tilted fashion to slow-time signals (i.e., combining slow-time and fast-time). An appropriate tilt, which depends on the flow angle and velocity, corrects for the increased energy under the frequency bands. In this case, the energy under the lowest frequency band filter for an angle of ±10° and velocities ranging from 200 mm/s to 300 mm/s is 2.09 to 2.94 times higher than for perpendicular flow, yielding greater than a factor of three improvement in the worst case over the original slow-time method. Moreover, the average energy over the vessel determined with the appropriate tilt is within 2–3% of the true value.
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Eilers, Wouter, Wouter Gevers, Daniëlle van Overbeek, Arnold de Haan, Richard T. Jaspers, Peter A. Hilbers, Natal van Riel, and Martin Flück. "Muscle-Type Specific Autophosphorylation of CaMKII Isoforms after Paced Contractions." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/943806.
Full textAbstract:
We explored to what extent isoforms of the regulator of excitation-contraction and excitation-transcription coupling, calcium/calmodulin protein kinase II (CaMKII) contribute to the specificity of myocellular calcium sensing between muscle types and whether concentration transients in its autophosphorylation can be simulated. CaMKII autophosphorylation at Thr287 was assessed in three muscle compartments of the rat after slow or fast motor unit-type stimulation and was compared against a computational model (CaMuZclE) coupling myocellular calcium dynamics with CaMKII Thr287 phosphorylation. Qualitative differences existed between fast- (gastrocnemius medialis) and slow-type muscle(soleus)for the expression pattern of CaMKII isoforms. Phospho-Thr287 content ofδA CaMKII, associated with nuclear functions, demonstrated a transient and compartment-specific increase after excitation, which contrasted to the delayed autophosphorylation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum-associatedβM CaMKII. In soleus muscle, excitation-inducedδA CaMKII autophosphorylation demonstrated frequency dependence (P= 0.02). In the glycolytic compartment ofgastrocnemius medialis, CaMKII autophosphorylation after excitation was blunted.In silicoassessment emphasized the importance of mitochondrial calcium buffer capacity for excitation-induced CaMKII autophosphorylation but did not predict its isoform specificity. The findings expose that CaMKII autophosphorylation with paced contractions is regulated in an isoform and muscle type-specific fashion and highlight properties emerging for phenotype-specific regulation of CaMKII.
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Szymczyk, Justyna. "CHANGES IN MARKETING STRATEGIES IN THE FASHION SECTOR CAUSED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas Zarządzanie 21, specjalny (December 31, 2020): 215–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8091.
Full textAbstract:
The announcement of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic by the World Health Organization WHO has caused changes in all areas of life. The closure of workplaces, shops and shopping centers as well as the omnipresent fear of disease influenced consumer behaviour. Companies representing the fashion sector were forced to immediately change their marketing strategies. In the first days of the pandemic marketing campaigns were discontinued, followed by a time of increased activity of fashion brands that used this time to improve their image. Sewing masks and coveralls has become a symbol of the fight against the COVID-19 virus. The next step was to activate sales through discount campaigns that were transferred to the Internet. Marketing activities were direct in form and popularized the “hashtag stay at home” movement. However, marketers quickly verified that the above actions do not increase sales. The apparel sector returned to stationary sales in the third month of the pandemic. Experiences from the quarantine period made companies notice global changes in customer behaviour. For that reason the concepts that most customers had heard about before COVID-19, such as slow fashion and sustainable fashion, were begun to be used in marketing strategies. Production in the spirit of less waste has become a major foundation for the strategy. What will these changes result in? Will the pandemic stop the fast fashion trend? What marketing strategies will work in the future? In her article, the author looks for answers to the above questions by analyzing selected marketing strategies of companies in the fashion sector. The subject of the research will be a critical analysis of industry literature and a query of scientific literature covering the above publications on a global scale. The research tool used will be analysis and diagnosis.
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Brummermann, M., and E. J. Braun. "Effect of salt and water balance on colonic motility of white leghorn roosters." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 268, no. 3 (March 1, 1995): R690—R698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1995.268.3.r690.
Full textAbstract:
The motility of the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract of white leghorn roosters was observed by radiographic methods. Intracolonic pressure changes were recorded, and the mechanical activity of the colon was quantified using strain gauges that were attached to the serosa. Two types of retrograde contraction waves were observed: small fast peristaltic contractions (15 min-1) and large slow contractions. The small fast contractions are the actual vehicle of the retrograde movement, but they seemed to be linked to respiratory movements in the fashion of coupled oscillators during most of their activity time (94%). This makes them an unlikely target for regulation. The large slow waves (3 min-1) probably reflect contractions of the longitudinal musculature. They are retrograde and may permit or modulate the refluxing of urine. The effects of water deprivation, intravenous volume, and salt loads on colonic motility were analyzed. All manipulations that increased urine flow rates without changing urine osmolality resulted in increased propagation speed of the large contraction waves. All manipulations that increased urine osmolality resulted in decreases in activity time of the large-wave pattern. These results suggest a hydration state-related control of the retrograde colonic motility in birds. Direct stimulation of central osmoreceptors had no such effects, indicating that local volume and osmolality receptors of the cloaca are more important than central receptors for this adjustment of colonic motility.
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Jones, Michael S., Kurt D. MacDonald, ByungJu Choi, F. Edward Dudek, and Daniel S. Barth. "Intracellular Correlates of Fast (>200 Hz) Electrical Oscillations in Rat Somatosensory Cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 84, no. 3 (September 1, 2000): 1505–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.3.1505.
Full textAbstract:
Oscillatory activity in excess of several hundred hertz has been observed in somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) recorded in both humans and animals and is attracting increasing interest regarding its role in brain function. Currently, however, little is known about the cellular events underlying these oscillations. The present study employed simultaneous in-vivo intracellular and epipial field-potential recording to investigate the cellular correlates of fast oscillations in rat somatosensory cortex evoked by vibrissa stimulation. Two distinct types of fast oscillations were observed, here termed “fast oscillations” (FO) (200–400 Hz) and “very fast oscillations” (VFO) (400–600 Hz). FO coincided with the earliest slow-wave components of the SEP whereas VFO typically were later and of smaller amplitude. Regular spiking (RS) cells exhibited vibrissa-evoked responses associated with one or both types of fast oscillations and consisted of combinations of spike and/or subthreshold events that, when superimposed across trials, clustered at latencies separated by successive cycles of FO or VFO activity, or a combination of both. Fast spiking (FS) cells responded to vibrissae stimulation with bursts of action potentials that closely approximated the periodicity of the surface VFO. No cells were encountered that produced action potential bursts related to FO activity in an analogous fashion. We propose that fast oscillations define preferred latencies for action potential generation in cortical RS cells, with VFO generated by inhibitory interneurons and FO reflecting both sequential and recurrent activity of stations in the cortical lamina.