Journal articles on the topic 'Slovak Athors'

The introduction of the euro in Europe is subject to several criteria. In 1979, the European Community created the «European Exchange Rate Mechanism» (ERM). On 16 April, 2003, Slovakia, together with nine other countries, signed the EU Accession Treaty in Athens. These countries promised to adopt the single currency (the euro). It has been 10 years since the introduction of the euro in Slovakia. It stands to highlight factors that have contributed to the economic, innovation development experienced in recent years regarding introducing a single currency. This article aims to briefly introduce the euro area and present each country's accession in historical order. the authors presented the general conditions for introducing the euro and then went on to the events related to the regional innovations governance of Slovakia. Using the data from the statistical site Eurostat, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to indicate the closeness of relationships between the average values of inflation and government deficit and the average values of inflation and the public debt. The limitations of the research are that Eurostat's values are only indicative and, in the event of a possible accession, EU bodies would certainly use other, more reliable data. Furthermore, the ERM II criterion for joining the euro area cannot be examined due lack of statistics available on the Slovak koruna's value after the introduction. Another limitation is that the EU sometimes makes adjustments to calculating inflation and average nominal long-term interest rates. There is a lack of a significant relationship between the examined variables in the case of Slovakia. Based on the 2018 inflation rate, the introduction would not have been possible, as it was slightly higher (2.5 per cent) than the limit (2.23 per cent). Therefore, the authors assumed that Slovakia had adopted the euro on time, as if it had not done so on 1 January 2009, it would probably have had to wait a few years for the new opportunity. Although their results are only indicative and not decisive without taking ERM II into account, it is possible to do without specific indicators.

A new mite species Ernogamasus papilio sp. nov., originating from south-eastern Poland and north-eastern Slovakia, is described, as well as a supplementary description for E. aliitectatus (Athias-Henriot, 1967).

The originally monotypic genus Anadenosternum Athias-Henriot, 1980 is revised and redefined. A new species Anadenosternum okalii sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on adult specimens collected in park litter in Bergamo, Italy. The type species of the genus, Anadenosternum azaleense (Daele, 1975), is redescribed and illustrated from adults and deutonymphs collected in soil detritus of greenhouses in the Botanic Garden in Bratislava, Slovakia. Anadenosternum pediculosum Karg & Glockemann, 1995 is considered to be a junior synonym of A. azaleense. The genus Anadenosternum is recorded from Italy and Slovakia for the first time. An identification key to known species of the genus is provided.

We recorded three mite species, Pergamasus (Thenargamasus) instatutus Athias-Henriot, 1967, Pergamasus (Pergamasus) laminarius Witaliński, 1971 and Holoparasitus ampullaris Witaliński, 1994, from Slovakia for the first time. Mites of the genera Pergamasus Berlese, 1903 and Holoparasitus Oudemans, 1936 are predatory mites living mainly in a soil and a rotting organic matter of the Holarctic region with a centre of distribution in Europe. Till now, P. instatutus was recorded in Austria and Hungary, while P. laminarius and H. ampullaris were known only from Poland.

The extensive manuscript book Evangelie Uchitelnoe (Didactic Gospel) has long been studied in Russian archaeography. Its first, greater part contains instructions (slova) for the days of the week, whereas the other part includes instructions for the Lord's and saints' feasts during the liturgical year (Menaion from September to August). Aleksandr Gorskii and Kapiton Nevostruev were the first to discover the Greek source of these writings (1859) and identify their compiler as Philotheos Kokkinos, who was the Patriarch of Constantinople on two occasions (1353-1354/55 and 1364-1376). There are numerous manuscript versions of Poucenija izabrana (Selected Instructions; the term commonly used in Serbian archaeography to designate Evangelie Uchitelnoe) that are not much later than the original; they belong to the Russian, Wallachian, Serbian and Moldovan redactions. On the basis of cultural and historical, philological and archaeographic observations, it can be concluded that Poucenija izabrana were translated from Greek into the old Serbian literary language (Serbian Church Slavonic). This presumably happened at Mount Athos, in the cultural and religious atmosphere in which Philotheos Kokkinos then lived as a monk of the Lavra of St. Athanasius.

The mites of the family Melicharidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) collected in Slovakia are reviewed. Sixty-one species belonging to five genera were recorded, of which thirty-three are new to science and fifteen are new to the Slovak fauna. All species are revised and rediagnosed, and an extensive set of photomicrographs (more than 1,300 images arranged in 337 Plates) is provided for their identification. Information on habitat and regional distribution is provided for each species. Proctolaelaps (fifty-three species) is the most species-rich and morphologically heterogeneous genus in the family. The following thirty-three new species are proposed and described: Mycomelichares triplacis sp. nov., Proctolaelaps appendiculatus sp. nov., Proctolaelaps bivalvifer sp. nov., Proctolaelaps bombi sp. nov., Proctolaelaps bucinator sp. nov., Proctolaelaps calycinus sp. nov., Proctolaelaps carnifex sp. nov., Proctolaelaps conifericola sp. nov., Proctolaelaps coralifer sp. nov., Proctolaelaps cryptopteryx sp. nov., Proctolaelaps dendroctonoides sp. nov., Proctolaelaps dorci sp. nov., Proctolaelaps dorcisimilis sp. nov., Proctolaelaps fagi sp. nov., Proctolaelaps falcarius sp. nov., Proctolaelaps fragilis sp. nov., Proctolaelaps fusifer sp. nov., Proctolaelaps hemisphaericus sp. nov., Proctolaelaps laeviusculus sp. nov., Proctolaelaps myrmecophilus sp. nov., Proctolaelaps orolaelapoides sp. nov., Proctolaelaps oxyodon sp. nov., Proctolaelaps pcolai sp. nov., Proctolaelaps pelticola sp. nov., Proctolaelaps populi sp. nov., Proctolaelaps quadridens sp. nov., Proctolaelaps sacculiger sp. nov., Proctolaelaps sagittarius sp. nov., Proctolaelaps serpentarius sp. nov., Proctolaelaps spanius sp. nov., Proctolaelaps speluncarum sp. nov., Proctolaelaps tubisaccus sp. nov., and Proctolaelaps tulipifer sp. nov. Nineteen new species are recognized in the present work, which were previously thought to belong to a single species, Proctolaelaps pygmaeus (J. Müller, 1859). The species boundaries of these species are often only weakly determined by some external morphological characters, but well definable and recognizable by the morphology of the internal structures of the sperm access system in the female (the same is true for the species related to Proctolaelaps hystrix). Proctolaelaps bulbicolus (Oudemans, 1929), Proctolaelaps convivus (Berlese, 1916), Proctolaelaps fissuratus (Berlese, 1916), Proctolaelaps laevisternus (Berlese, 1916), Proctolaelaps sopalit (Samšiňák, 1958), Proctolaelaps vulgaris (Pinchuk, 1972), and Proctolaelaps ovatus (Ma, Ning & Wei, 2003), previously suspected to be junior synonyms of Proctolaelaps pygmaeus (J. Müller, 1859), are here considered as unrecognizable species, relegated to the species incertae sedis, or species related within the invalid genus Proctofissus Karg, 1979. The very broad concept of the genus Proctolaelaps does not reflect the phylogenetic relationships within the apparently morphologically heterogeneous species, and it needs a thorough revision. As documented in present work, the genus includes species with different types of sperm access system: for example, species in the hystrix group possess the “laelapoid-type” of the sperm access system, whereas species related to Proctolaelaps pygmaeus (here placed in the pygmaeus group) have a highly modified sperm access system derived from the “phytoseioid-type”, with two separate parts each associated with coxa III and clearly not connected by a medial structure called the “sacculus foemineus” (a specific component of the laelapoid-type sperm access system). The taxonomy includes four new specific synonyms as follows: Proctolaelaps arctorotundus Nikolsky, 1984 = Proctolaelaps epuraeae Hirschmann, 1962, Proctolaelaps pruni Karg, 1988 = Proctolaelaps eccoptogasteris (Vitzthum, 1923), Proctolaelaps pseudofiseri Nikolsky, 1984 = Proctolaelaps fiseri Samšiňák, 1960, and Proctolaelaps ventrianalis Karg, 1971 = Proctolaelaps intermedius Athias-Henriot, 1959. Melichares biebrzae Gwiazdowicz, 2005 is newly placed in Proctolaelaps Berlese, 1923. The genus Orolaelaps De Leon, 1963, previously known from North and South America, is reported from Europe for the first time, introduced by an invasive cosmopolitan species Stelidota geminata (Say), the strawberry sap beetle of the family Nitidulidae. The following species are reported from Slovakia for the first time, namely Orolaelaps quisqualis De Leon, 1963, Proctolaelaps bickleyi (Bram, 1956), Proctolaelaps biebrzae (Gwiazdowicz, 2005), Proctolaelaps cossi (Dugès, 1834), Proctolaelaps cossoides Faraji, Sakenin-Chelav & Karg, 2007, Proctolaelaps hystricoides Lindquist & Hunter, 1965, Proctolaelaps izabelae Faraji, 2011, Proctolaelaps jueradeus (Schweizer, 1949), Proctolaelaps longanalis (Westerboer, 1963), Proctolaelaps rotundus Hirschmann, 1962, and Proctolaelaps xyloteri Samšiňák, 1960. The records of Proctolaelaps bombophilus (Westerboer, 1963), Proctolaelaps epuraeae Hirschmann, 1962, Proctolaelaps pomorum (Oudemans, 1929), and Proctolaelaps scolyti Evans, 1958 were previously based on misidentified specimens and are now supported by new reliable findings [in contrast to Proctolaelaps hystrix (Vitzthum, 1923) and Proctolaelaps pini Hirschmann, 1963, which were not definitely confirmed by the present work in Slovakia]. New dichotomous keys are given for the identification of sixty-eight species from seven genera found so far in Europe (Melichares Hering, 1838, Mucroseius Lindquist, 1962, Mycolaelaps Lindquist, 1995, Mycomelichares Mašán & Joharchi, 2021, Orolaelaps De Leon, 1963, Orthadenella Athias-Henriot, 1973, and Proctolaelaps Berlese, 1923).

This paper is an introduction to the special issue of the Athens Journal of Social Sciences on Politics. It includes six papers, which relate to various aspects of politics in today’s democracies. The first paper examines populism in selecting political parties of the European Union (EU); the second explains a political experiment performed in USA; the third discusses the prospects of the 2022 elections in Brazil; the fourth states that democracies need leaders as this is the case with Israel; the fifth looks at a real threat to democracy which is radicalism and violence using the case of the Slovakian youth; and the last paper examines a case of primary elections of a Greek political party (PASOK). Keywords: politics, democracy, elections, Brazil, Greece, Israel, Slovakia, USA, European Union, Latin America

It is well known that the various manifestations of space weather can influence a wide range of human activities, from technological systems to human health. Various earlier, as well as more recent multi-disciplinary heliobiological and biometeorological studies have revealed that the human organism is sensitive to environmental physical activity changes and reacts to them through variations of the physiological parameters of the human body. This paper constitutes an overview of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens investigations in regard to the possible effect of solar, geomagnetic, and cosmic ray activity on human physiological parameters. The Athens Cosmic Ray and Solar Physics Groups collaborated with scientific teams from different countries, statistically processing and analyzing data related to human physiological parameters (such as mean heart rate, arterial systolic, and diastolic pressure), or the number of incidents of different types of cardiac arrhythmias and so forth, in relation to data concerning and describing geomagnetic activity (geomagnetic indices Ap and Dst) and variations in cosmic ray intensity (Forbush decreases and cosmic ray intensity enhancements). In total, four projects were carried out concerning data from different geographical regions (Baku, Azerbaijan; Kosice, Slovakia; Tbilisi, Georgia; Piraeus, Greece), covering different time periods and time scales (daily data or yearly data), and referring to different groups of individuals (selected healthy persons or random persons). The studies concluded with interesting results concerning the possible influence of geomagnetic and cosmic ray activity on the human physiological state.

International Business Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.International Business Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to ibr@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 1 Alireza Athari, Eastern Mediterranean University, IranAnca Gabriela Turtureanu, “DANUBIUS” University Galati, RomaniaAshford C Chea, Benedict College, USAAurelija Burinskiene, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, LithuaniaBenjamin James Inyang, University of Calabar, NigeriaCelina Maria Olszak, University of Economics in Katowice, PolandEva Mira Bolfíková, Univerzity of P. J. Šafárik in Košice, Slovak RepublicFevzi Esen, Istanbul Medeniyet University, TurkeyFilomena Izzo, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, ItalyFlorin Ionita, The Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, RomaniaFrancesco Ciampi, Florence University, ItalyGiuseppe Granata, University of Cassino and Southen Lazio, ItalyGuillaume Marceau, University of Aix-Marseille, FranceGuo Zi-Yi, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USAHanna Trojanowska, Warsaw University of Technology, PolandHeather Cooper Bisalski, Dalton State College, USAHuijian Dong, Pacific University, USAJanusz Wielki, University of Business in Wroclaw, PolandJolita Vveinhardt, Vytautas Magnus University, LithuaniaJorge Mongay-Hurtado, ESIC Business and Marketing School, SpainKaren Gulliver, Argosy University, Twin Cities, USAMaria J. Sanchez-Bueno, Universidad Carlos III se Madrid, SpainMaria-Madela Abrudan, University of ORADEA, RomaniaMithat Turhan, Mersin University, TurkeyMohamed Abdel Rahman Salih, Taibah University, Saudi ArabiaMuath Eleswed, American University of Kuwait, USAPascal Stiefenhofer, University of Brighton, UKRafael Hernandez Barros, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, SpainRaphaël Dornier, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, FranceRoberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, University Center Iesb, BrazilSerhii Kozlovskiy, Donetsk National University, UkraineShun Mun Helen Wong, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong KongSumathisri Bhoopalan, Sastra University, IndiaValeria Stefanelli, Università del Salento, ItalyWing-Keung Wong, Asia University, Taiwan, China

The study presents a review of the European fauna of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata), based on over 4,000 specimens, including type specimens in the Berlese Acaroteca, Florence. The European fauna is shown to include 29 species in 16 genera. These genera are reviewed, and a key provided for their identification. The fauna of Slovakia includes 14 genera and 19 species. These species are reviewed, and keys are provided for their identification. The European fauna includes the genera Alliphis Halbert 1923, Alloseius Mašán & Halliday 2009a, Copriphis Berlese 1910, Crassicheles Karg 1963, Evimirus Karg 1963, Eviphis Berlese 1903, Halolaspis Mašán & Halliday 2009a, Neocrassicheles gen. nov., Pelethiphis Berlese 1911, Pseudoalliphis Mašán & Halliday 2009a, Rafaphis Skorupski & Błaszak 1997, Scamaphis Karg 1976, Scarabacariphis Mašán 1994a, Scarabaspis Womersley 1956, Thinoseius Halbert 1920 and Uroiphis Berlese 1903. All of these genera except Evimirus and Thinoseius occur in Slovakia. The genus Uroiphis Berlese 1903, with type species Uroiphis scabratus Berlese 1903 (= Eviphis holsaticus Willmann 1937), is considered to be a valid genus, and is removed from synonymy with Eviphis. The new taxa described here are Neocrassicheles gen. nov., with type species Neocrassicheles sternomus sp. nov., and Uroiphis montivagus sp. nov. The previously unknown adult female of Crassicheles striatus (Berlese 1903) and male of Uroiphis scabratus Berlese 1903 are described for the first time. The following new synonymies are proposed: Alliphis brevisternalis Ma & Wang 1998 and Alliphis yinchuanensis Gu & Bai 1997 are synonyms of Alliphis necrophilus Christie 1983; Alliphis hirschmanni Arutunian 1991 is a synonym of Alliphis scarabaeorum Ogandzhanyan 1969; Alliphis montanus Koroleva 1968, Alliphis rotundianalis Mašán 1994a and Scarabaspis altaicus Sklyar 1999 are synonyms of Alloseius pratensis (Karg 1965); Hypoaspis evansi Arutunian 1993 is a synonym of Scamaphis equestris (Berlese 1911); Iphidoides concentricus Oudemans 1904 is a synonym of Uroiphis striatus Berlese 1903; Eviphis holsaticus Willmann 1937 and Iphidosoma bennwili Schweizer 1961 are synonyms of Uroiphis scabratus Berlese 1903; Scarabacariphis grandisternalis Mašán 1994a is a synonym of Scarabacariphis ankavani (Arutunian 1992); Bactriphis Athias-Henriot 1980 is a synonym of Uroiphis Berlese 1903. The male and deutonymphal paratypes of Alliphis stenosternus Gu & Liu 1996 are misidentified specimens of Alloseius pratensis (Karg 1965). One genus and three species are reported from Slovakia for the first time: Alliphis kargi Arutunian 1991, Rafaphis with Rafaphis microsternalis Skorupski & Błaszak 1997, and Uroiphis greeni (Evans 1980). Alliphis and Uroiphis are represented in Slovakia by several species each; all other genera in Slovakia are represented by single species. The external morphology and ecology of the European genera and Slovakian species are reviewed. Most of the species are coprophilous and associated with coprophilous insects; a complete list of their phoretic associations is given. The eviphidid species occurring in Slovakia can be classified into three general ecological groups and five subgroups: (A) edaphic detriticoles, with four species; (B) saprophilous detriticoles, with five species, subdivided into (B1) non-specialised coprophiles, with one species, and (B2) specialised coprophiles, with four species; (C) insecticoles, with nine species, subdivided into (C1) non-specialised insecticoles, with three species, and (C2) specialised insecticoles, with six species. Uroiphis montivagus sp. nov. is not classified ecologically because it is only known from two specimens. Some species that occur in very fresh wet dung or very humid habitats (Alloseius pratensis, Crassicheles striatus, Neocrassicheles sternomus sp. nov.), have a specific morphological adaptation consisting of elongate pointed lateral lobes on pulvilli II–IV in the non-phoretic female. An elongation of some components of the pulvillus also occurs in some strongly hygrophilous Blattisociidae, and the modified pulvillus appears to facilitate the mite's movement in semiaquatic substrates.

International Business Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.International Business Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to ibr@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 5 Alireza Athari, Eastern Mediterranean University, IranAmaresh C. Das, Southern University at New Orleans, USAAmran Awang, Head of Entrepreneurship Center, MalaysiaArash Riasi, University of Delaware, USAAshford C Chea, Benedict College, USAAurelija Burinskiene, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, LithuaniaBenjamin James Inyang, University of Calabar, NigeriaBrian Sheehan, Thaksin University, ThailandCelina Maria Olszak, University of Economics in Katowice, PolandCristian Marian Barbu, “ARTIFEX” University, RomaniaEva Mira Bolfíková, Univerzity of P. J. Šafárik in Košice, Slovak RepublicFlorin Ionita, The Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, RomaniaFrancesco Ciampi, Florence University, ItalyFrancesco Scalera, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", ItalyGiuseppe Russo, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, ItalyGuillaume Marceau, University of Aix-Marseille, FranceHanna Trojanowska, Warsaw University of Technology, PolandHuijian Dong, Pacific University, USAJolita Vveinhardt, Vytautas Magnus University, LithuaniaKherchi Ishak, University of Hassiba Ben Bouali De Chlef, AlgeriaM. Muzamil Naqshbandi, University of Dubai, UAEManlio Del Giudice, University of Rome "Link Campus", ItalyMansour Esmaeil Zaei, Panjab University, India/IranManuela Rozalia Gabor, “Petru Maior” University of Tîrgu Mureş, RomaniaMaria do Céu Gaspar Alves, University of Beira Interior, PortugalMaria Teresa Bianchi, UNIVERSITY OF ROME “LA SAPIENZA”, ItalyMaryam Ebrahimi, Azad University, IranMiroslav Iordanov Mateev, American University, Dubai, UAEMohamed Rochdi Keffala, University of Kairouan, TunisiaMohsen Malekalketab Khiabani, University Technology Malaysia, MalaysiaMuath Eleswed, American University of Kuwait, USARadoslav Jankal, University of Zilina, SlovakiaRiccardo Cimini, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, ItalyTamizhjyothi Kailasam, Annamalai University, IndiaValerija Botric, The Institute of Economics, Zagreb, CroatiaWejdene Yangui, Institute of High Business Studies of Sfax _ Tunisia (IHEC), TunisiaYan Lu, University of Central Florida, USA

500 respondents who are Ukrainian native speakers and 100 Modern Greek speakers participated in free word association test held in March and July, 2015 in Kyiv, Ukraine, and in Athens, Greece. The data were calculated as to the frequency of responses and composed a field of associations for each stimulus. The classification of associations to the word-stimuli “food products” was based on existing classifications and on the specific of the test material. In this paper, the authors discuss the syntagmatic type of associations expressed by adjectives that represent the objective characteristics of the product and form a phrase with a word-stimulus (Terekhova, 2000). They can be roughly divided into 2 groups of associating directions: features of product attributes (52 % of all syntagmatic associations in Ukrainian language (hereinafter – UL) and 41% in Modern Greek (hereinafter – MGL)) and feautures of stages that the product passes (UL – 41%, MGL – 48 %). Some differences in quantitative and qualitative aspects were found during the determination of associating directions within the syntagmatic type of associations: different percentage of responses in associating directions in quantitative aspect. As to the quality, the differences lay in determination of feature directions in the languages. Thus for the associative field of Modern Greek language, the reactions that characterize the form of the product have not been found at this stage yet. Асоціативний словник української рекламної лексики / уклад. Т. Ю. Ковалевська,Г. Д. Сологуб, О. Г. Ставченко. Одеса: Астропринт, 2001.Asotsiatyvnyi Slovnyk Ukrainskoyi Reklamnoyi Leksyky [Associative Dictionary ofUkrainian Advertising Vocabulary] (2001). T. Kovalevska. H. Sologub, O. Stavchenko,(eds.). Odesa: Astroprint. Бутенко Н. П. Словник асоціативних норм української мови. Львів: Вища школа,1979.Butenko, N. (1979). Slovnyk Asotsiatyvnykh Norm Ukrainskoyi Movy [Dictionary ofAssociative Norms of the Ukrainian Language]. Lviv: Vyshcha Shkola. Бутенко Н. П. Словник асоціативних означень іменників в українській мові. Львів:Вища школа, 1989.Butenko, N. (1989). Slovnyk Asotsiatyvnykh Oznachen Imennykiv v Ukrainskiy Movi[Dictionary of Associative Definitions of Nouns in the Ukrainian Language]. Lviv:Vyshcha shkola. Горошко Е. И. Интегративная модель свободного ассоциативного эксперимента. Х.;М.: РА-Каравелла, 2001.Goroshko, Ye. (2001). Integrativnaya Model Svobodnogo Assotsiativnogo Eksperimenta[Integrative Model of Free Associatiation Test]. Kharkiv; Moscow: Russian Academy ofSciences–Karavella. Мартінек С. В. Український асоціативний словник. Львів: Видавничий центр ЛНУімені Івана Франка, 2007.Martinek, S. (2007). Ukrainskyi Asotsiatyvnyi Slovnyk [Ukrainian Associative Dictionary].Lviv: Ivan Franko National University of Lviv. Марфіна Ж. В. Мовна асоціація як об’єкт наукового вивчення [Електронний ресурс].Режим доступу: http://www.vuzlib.com.ua/articles/book/4258.html.Marfina, Zh. Movna asotsiatsiia yak obiekt naukovoрo vyvchennia [Language associationas an object of scientific study]. Retrieved from:http://www.vuzlib.com.ua/articles/book/4258.html Патсис М. Специфика ассоциативного поля слова в греческом языке. Вопросыпсихолингвистики. 2004, №2. С. 91–97.Patsis, M. (2004). Specifika associativnogo polia slova v grecheskom yazyke [Specificityof the Associative Field of a Word in the Greek language]. Voprosy Psikholingvistiki, 2,91–97. Серкин В. П. Психосемантика [Електронний ресурс]. Режим доступу:http://stud.com.ua/43612/psihologiya/asotsiativni_eksperimenti#66Serkin V. Psykhosemantika [Psychosemantics]. Retrieved from: http://stud.com.ua/43612/psihologiya/asotsiativni_eksperimenti#66 Славянский ассоциативный словарь: русский, белорусский, болгарский, украинский /Под ред. Н. В. Уфимцевой, Г. А. Черкасовой, Ю. Н. Караулова, Е. Ф. Тарасова. М.,2004.Slavianskii Assotsiativnyi Slovar: Russkiy, Beloruskiy, Bolgarskiy, Ukrainskiy [SlavicAssociative Dictionary: Russian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Ukrainian]. (2004).N. Ufimtseva, G. Cherkasovа, Yu. Karaulov, Ye. Tarasov, (eds.). Moscow. Терехова Д. І. Особливості сприйняття лексичної семантики слів (психолінгвістичний аспект). К.: Київський державний лінгвістичний університет, 2000.Terekhova D. (2000). Osoblyvosti Spryiniattia Leksychnoyi Semantyky Sliv(Psykholinhvistychnyi Aspekt) [Peculiarities of Perceiving Lexical Semantics of Words(Psycholinguistic Aspect)]. Кyiv: Kyiv State Linguistic University.

International Business Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.International Business Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to ibr@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 4 Abderrazek Hassen Elkhaldi, University of Sousse, TunisiaAlina Badulescu, University of Oradea, RomaniaAlireza Athari, Eastern Mediterranean University, IranAmaresh C. Das, Southern University at New Orleans, USAAmran Awang, Head of Entrepreneurship Center, MalaysiaAndrea Carosi, University of Sassari, ItalyAnna Paola Micheli, Univrtsity of Cassino and Southern Lazio, ItalyAntônio André Cunha Callado, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernmabuco, BrazilArash Riasi, University of Delaware, USAAshford C Chea, Benedict College, USABenjamin James Inyang, University of Calabar, NigeriaBrian Sheehan, Thaksin University, AustraliaBruno Marsigalia, University of Casino and Southern Lazio, ItalyCheng Jing, eBay, Inc. / University of Rochester, USACristian Marian Barbu, “ARTIFEX” University, RomaniaEva Mira Bolfíková, Univerzity of P. J. Šafárik in Košice, Slovak Republic,Fevzi Esen, Istanbul Medeniyet University, TurkeyFrancesco Ciampi, Florence University, ItalyGeorgeta Dragomir, “Danubius” University of Galati, RomaniaGianluca Ginesti, University of Naples “FEDERICO II”, ItalyGiuseppe Russo, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, ItalyHanna Trojanowska, Warsaw University of Technology, PolandHerald Monis, Milagres College, IndiaIvo De Loo, Nyenrode Business University, The NetherlandsKaren Gulliver, Argosy University, Twin Cities, USAKherchi Ishak, University of Hassiba Ben Bouali De Chlef, AlgeriaLadislav Mura, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, SlovakiaLuisa Pinto, University of Porto School of Economics, PortugalMansour Esmaeil Zaei, Panjab University, India/IranManuela Rozalia Gabor, “Petru Maior” University of Tîrgu Mureş Romania, RomaniaMarcelino José Jorge, Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute of Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, BrazilMaria Teresa Bianchi, UNIVERSITY OF ROME “LA SAPIENZA”, ItalyMiriam Jankalová, University of Zilina, SlovakiaMohamed Abdel Rahman Salih, Taibah University, Saudi ArabiaMohsen Malekalketab Khiabani, University Technology Malaysia, MalaysiaMongi Arfaoui, University of Monastir, TunisiaMuath Eleswed, American University of Kuwait, USAOzgur Demirtas, Turkish Air Force Academy, TurkeyProsper Senyo Koto, Dalhousie University, CanadaRadoslav Jankal, University of Zilina, SlovakiaRoberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, University Center Iesb, BrazilRosa Lombardi, Sapienza University of Rome, ItalySerhii Kozlovskiy, Donetsk National University, UkraineSumathisri Bhoopalan, Sastra University, IndiaWejdene Yangui, Institute of High Business Studies of Sfax _ Tunisia (IHEC), TunisiaWing-Keung Wong, Asia University, Taiwan, China

International Business Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated. International Business Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ibr/editor/recruitment and e-mail the completed application form to ibr@ccsenet.org. Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 11   Alireza Athari, Eastern Mediterranean University, Iran Anca Gabriela Turtureanu, “DANUBIUS” University Galati, Romania Andrea Carosi, University of Sassari, Italy Andrei Buiga, “ARTIFEX University of Bucharest, Romania Anna Paola Micheli, Univrtsity of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy Antônio André Cunha Callado, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernmabuco, Brazil Antonio Usai, University of Sassari, Italy Ashford C Chea, Benedict College, USA Bazeet Olayemi Badru, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Nigeria Chokri Kooli, International Center for Basic Research applied, Paris, Canada Duminda Kuruppuarachchi, University of Otago, New Zealand Essia Ries Ahmed, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia Fevzi Esen, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Turkey Filomena Izzo, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Italy Francesco Scalera, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy Grzegorz Zasuwa, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland Haldun Şecaattin Çetinarslan, Turkish Naval Forces Command, Turkey Hanna Trojanowska, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Herald Monis, Milagres College, India Hsiao-Ching Kuo, Washington and Jefferson College, USA Hung-Che Wu, Nanfang College of Sun Yat-sen University, China Ionela-Corina Chersan, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University from Iași, Romania Iwona Gorzeń-Mitka, Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland Janusz Wielki, Opole University of Technology, Poland Keshmeer Makun, University o the South Pacific, Fiji Khaled Mokni, Northern Border University, Tunisia L. Leo Franklin, Bharathidasn University, India Luisa Pinto, University of Porto School of Economics, Portugal Mahdi Shadkam, University Technology Malaysia, Malaysia Manuel A. R. da Fonseca, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil Marcelino José Jorge, Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute of Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil Maria Teresa Bianchi, University of Rome “LA SAPIENZA”, Italy Michaela Maria Schaffhauser-Linzatti, University of Vienna, Austria Miriam Jankalová, University of Zilina, Slovakia Miroslav Iordanov Mateev, American University, Dubai, UAE Mithat Turhan, Mersin University, Turkey Mohsen Malekalketab Khiabani, University Technology Malaysia, Malaysia Muath Eleswed, American University of Kuwait, USA Murat Akin, Omer Halisdemir University FEAS – NIGDE, Turkey Ozgur Demirtas, Turkish Air Force Academy, Turkey Radoslav Jankal, University of Zilina, Slovakia Riaz Ahsan, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan Roxanne Helm Stevens, Azusa Pacific University, USA Serhii Kozlovskiy, Donetsk National University, Ukraine Shun Mun Helen Wong, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Wanmo Koo, Western Illinois University, USA Yasmin Tahira, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al Ain, UAE

International Business Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated. International Business Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ibr/editor/recruitment and e-mail the completed application form to ibr@ccsenet.org. Reviewers for Volume 12, Number 4   Alireza Athari, Eastern Mediterranean University, Iran Anna Paola Micheli, Univrtsity of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy Antonio Usai, University of Sassari, Italy Ashford C Chea, Benedict College, USA Aurelija Burinskiene, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Lithuania Bazeet Olayemi Badru, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Nigeria Bruno Ferreira Frascaroli, Federal University of Paraiba, Brazil Celina Maria Olszak, University of Economics in Katowice, Poland Christopher Alozie, Tansian University, Nigeria Cristian Rabanal, National University of Villa Mercedes, Argentina Francesco Ciampi, Florence University, Italy Francesco Scalera, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy Haldun Şecaattin Çetinarslan, Turkish Naval Forces Command, Turkey Hanna Trojanowska, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Henrique Fátima Boyol Ngan, Institute for Tourism Studies, Macao, Macao Herald Monis, Milagres College, India Hillary Odor, University of Benin, Nigeria Imran Riaz Malik, IQRA University, Pakistan L. Leo Franklin, Bharathidasn University, India Ladislav Mura, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Slovakia Leow Hon Wei, SEGi University, Malaysia Luisa Pinto, University of Porto School of Economics, Portugal M- Muzamil Naqshbandi, University of Dubai, UAE Manuel A. R. da Fonseca, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil Marcelino José Jorge, Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute of Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil Marco Valeri, Niccolò Cusano University, Italy Marta Joanna Ziólkowska, Warsaw School of Economics (Szkoła Główna Handlowa), Poland Michele Rubino, Università LUM Jean Monnet, Italy Mohamed Abdel Rahman Salih, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia Mohsen Malekalketab Khiabani, University Technology Malaysia, Malaysia Muath Eleswed, American University of Kuwait, USA Nicoleta Barbuta-Misu, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, Romania Ozgur Demirtas, Turkish Air Force Academy, Turkey Pascal Stiefenhofer, University of Brighton, UK Radoslav Jankal, University of Zilina, Slovakia Razana Juhaida Johari, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Riaz Ahsan, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan Roxanne Helm Stevens, Azusa Pacific University, USA Serhii Kozlovskiy, Donetsk National University, Ukraine Slavoljub M. Vujović, Economic Institute, Belgrade, Serbia Stephen Donald Strombeck, William Jessup University, USA Sumathisri Bhoopalan, SASTRA Deemed to be University, India Wejdene Yangui, Institute of High Business Studies of Sfax _ Tunisia (IHEC), Tunisia Yan Lu, University of Central Florida, USA

International Business Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated. International Business Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ibr/editor/recruitment and e-mail the completed application form to ibr@ccsenet.org. Reviewers for Volume 12, Number 3   Alireza Athari, Eastern Mediterranean University, Iran Anca Gabriela Turtureanu, “DANUBIUS” University Galati, Romania Andrea Carosi, University of Sassari, Italy Anna Paola Micheli, Univrtsity of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy Antônio André Cunha Callado, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernmabuco, Brazil Ashford C Chea, Benedict College, USA Bruno Marsigalia, University of Casino and Southern Lazio, Italy Chokri Kooli, International Center for Basic Research applied, Paris, Canada Christopher Alozie, Tansian University, Nigeria Cristian Marian Barbu, “ARTIFEX” University, Romania Duminda Kuruppuarachchi, University of Otago, New Zealand Essia Ries Ahmed, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia Federica Caboni, University of Cagliari, Italy Federica De Santis, University of Pisa, Italy Florin Ionita, The Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, Romania Foued Hamouda, Ecole Supérieure de Commerce, Tunisia Francesco Ciampi, Florence University, Italy Francesco Scalera, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy Gianluca Ginesti, University of Naples “FEDERICO II”, Italy Hillary Odor, University of Benin, Nigeria Ivana Tomic, IT Company CloudTech, Republic of Serbia Joanna Katarzyna Blach, University of Economics in Katowice, Poland Joseph Lok-Man Lee, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Khaled Mokni, Northern Border University, Tunisia L. Leo Franklin, Bharathidasn University, India Ladislav Mura, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Slovakia Leow Hon Wei, SEGi University, Malaysia Manuel A. R. da Fonseca, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil Marcelino José Jorge, Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute of Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil Maria do Céu Gaspar Alves, University of Beira Interior, Portugal Maria Teresa Bianchi, University of Rome “LA SAPIENZA”, Italy Miriam Jankalová, University of Zilina, Slovakia Mongi Arfaoui, University of Monastir, Tunisia Muath Eleswed, American University of Kuwait, USA Ozgur Demirtas, Turkish Air Force Academy, Turkey Pascal Stiefenhofer, University of Brighton, UK Prosper Senyo Koto, Dalhousie University, Canada Rafiuddin Ahmed, James Cook University, Australia Razana Juhaida Johari, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Riccardo Cimini, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy Roberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, University Center Iesb, Brazil Sang- Bing Tsai, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China Sara Saggese, University of Naples Federico II, Italy Shun Mun Helen Wong, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Slavoljub M. Vujović, Economic Institute, Belgrade, Serbia Tariq Tawfeeq Yousif Alabdullah, University of Basrah, Iraq Valerija Botric, The Institute of Economics, Zagreb, Croatia Velia Gabriella Cenciarelli, University of Pisa, Italy Yan Lu, University of Central Florida, USA Yasmin Tahira, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al Ain, UAE

International Business Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated. International Business Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ibr/editor/recruitment and e-mail the completed application form to ibr@ccsenet.org. Reviewers for Volume 12, Number 2   Alina Badulescu, University of Oradea, Romania Alireza Athari, Eastern Mediterranean University, Iran Anna Paola Micheli, Univrtsity of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy Antonio Usai, University of Sassari, Italy Ashford C Chea, Benedict College, USA Aurelija Burinskiene, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Lithuania Celina Maria Olszak, University of Economics in Katowice, Poland Chokri Kooli, International Center for Basic Research applied, Paris, Canada Claudia Isac, University of Petrosani, Romania Cristian Marian Barbu, “ARTIFEX” University, Romania Cristian Rabanal, National University of Villa Mercedes, Argentina Dionito F. Mangao, Cavite State University – Naic Campus, Philippines Farouq Altahtamouni, Imam AbdulRahman Bin Fisal University, Jordan Federica Caboni, University of Cagliari, Italy Giuseppe Granata, University of Cassino and Southen Lazio, Italy Guy Baroaks, Ruppin academic center, Israel Haldun Şecaattin Çetinarslan, Turkish Naval Forces Command, Turkey Hanna Trojanowska, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Henrique Fátima Boyol Ngan, Institute for Tourism Studies, Macao, Macao Hung-Che Wu, Nanfang College of Sun Yat-sen University, China Imran Riaz Malik, IQRA University, Pakistan Janusz Wielki, Opole University of Technology, Poland L. Leo Franklin, Bharathidasn University, India Lee Yok Yong, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Marcelino José Jorge, Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute of Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil Maria-Madela Abrudan, University of ORADEA, Romania Maryam Ebrahimi, Azad University, Iran Miriam Jankalová, University of Zilina, Slovakia Miroslav Iordanov Mateev, American University, Dubai, UAE Modar Abdullatif, Middle East University, Jordan Mohamed Abdel Rahman Salih, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia Mohsen Malekalketab Khiabani, University Technology Malaysia, Malaysia Muath Eleswed, American University of Kuwait, USA Murat Akin, Omer Halisdemir University FEAS – NIGDE, Turkey Pascal Stiefenhofer, University of Brighton, UK Rafiuddin Ahmed, James Cook University, Australia Razana Juhaida Johari, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Riaz Ahsan, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan Riccardo Cimini, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy Roxanne Helm Stevens, Azusa Pacific University, USA Serhii Kozlovskiy, Donetsk National University, Ukraine Tariq Tawfeeq Yousif Alabdullah, University of Basrah, Iraq Valeria Stefanelli, University of Salento, Italy Wanmo Koo, Western Illinois University, USA Wejdene Yangui, Institute of High Business Studies of Sfax _ Tunisia (IHEC), Tunisia Wing- Keung Wong, Asia University, Taiwan, China Yasmin Tahira, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al Ain, UAE Zi-Yi Guo, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USA

Dear Readers, As we begin a new year full of potential and opportunity, we wish each of you much joy and success. As we embark on this journey, we al-so celebrate a significant milestone – the fifteenth anniversary of the European Journal of Geography. Over the past decade and a half, our journal has become a beacon of excellence in the field of geography and the social sciences. This journey has been characterised by unwavering commitment and tireless dedication, a collective endeavour led by the dedicated members of our editorial team and the European Association of Geographers (EUROGEO). Their diligence and passion have been instrumental in making our journal the respected publication it is today. Looking back on our shared history, we are proud to have published over 310 articles dealing with key topics in geography, planning and development. These scholarly contributions have not only explored and analysed important topics, but have also introduced new ideas (Kout-sopoulos, 2022; Manetos et al., 2022), methods (Cramer-Greenbaum, 2023; Krevs et al., 2023; Morawski & Wolff-Seidel, 2023) and data (Hojati & Mokarram, 2016) that will inspire future generations of geographers to transcend conventional disciplinary boundaries. The richness of our content encompasses numerous facets and includes the fields of geography education (Fraile-Jurado & Periáñez-Cuevas, 2023; Humble, 2023; Martínez-Hernández et al., 2023; Mašterová, 2023; Puertas-Aguilar et al., 2023), physical geography (Sánchez-Martínez & Cabrera, 2015), sustainability (Leininger-Frézal et al., 2023; Mally, 2021), tourism (Bandt et al., 2022; Jovanovic et al., 2022), geoin-formatics (Batsaris et al., 2023; Vestena et al., 2023), spatial analysis (Agourogiannis et al., 2021; Bartzokas-Tsiompras & Photis, 2020b; Wieland, 2022), remote sensing (Younes et al., 2023), maps (Nedkov et al., 2018; Papaioannou et al., 2020), geoinformation (Bartha & Kocsis, 2011; Bart-zokas-Tsiompras, 2022), economic (Doukissas et al., 2020; Mikhaylova, 2018), social (Mei & Liempt, 2022; Roșu et al., 2015), political (Kevicky, 2023; Tsitsaraki & Petracou, 2023) and cultural (Gusman & Otero-Varela, 2023) geography, geopolitics (Morgado, 2023) as well as environmental (Burić et al., 2023; Prodanova & Varadzhakova, 2022), urban (Chondrogianni & Stephanedes, 2021; Lagarias et al., 2022) and transport (Garrido, 2013; Kellerman, 2023; Koktavá & Horák, 2023) geography/planning (González, 2017). Each article, a testament to the diversity and depth of knowledge within our community, has played a crucial role in energising discourse in our academic environment. Several EJG articles addressed current global crises and challenges such as climate change, COVID-19, wars and economic recession. They show how important geography is when it comes to finding solutions and new insights to the many problems that threaten our world. This interconnected approach underlines the journal's commitment to engaging with both the specialised academic discourse and the broader global challenges of our time. Authors, editors, board members, reviewers and readers are the lifeblood of this academic platform, and we recognise and appreciate your invaluable role in the success of the European Journal of Geography. Your commitment has fuelled our growth and you are an essential part of our legacy. We take our fifteenth anniversary as an opportunity to invite and encourage you to contribute to the continued success of the journal by submitting new and original geographical research articles. Here's to another year of scholarly work, meaningful collaborations and the continued advancement of geographical knowledge. We would also like to take a moment to recognise the incredible efforts of 95 professors and researchers who served as reviewers for the European Journal of Geography in 2023. Their expertise and dedication have been invaluable in maintaining the quality of our publications. In addition, the journal features 18 distinguished editorial board members from 12 countries, including renowned experts (60% men, 40% women) from various geographical research fields (This year we welcome 10 esteemed new members to our Editorial Board). In particular, we would like to express our sincere thanks to the following editorial board members for their help and support: 1. Alvanides Seraphim, Northumbria University, UK 2. ‪Bednarz W. Sarah, Texas A&M University, USA‬‬ 3. Capello Roberta, Politecnico di Milano, Italy 4. Cretan Remus, West University of Timisoara, Romania 5. De Miguel Gonzalez Rafael, University of Zaragoza, Spain 6. Eeva-Kaisa Prokkola, University of Oulu, Finland 7. Jerry T. Mitchell, University of South Carolina, USA 8. Kavroudakis Dimitris, University of the Aegean, Greece 9. Kiss Éva, CSFK Geographical Institute, Hungary 10. Knecht Petr, Masaryk University, Czech Republic 11. Kounadi Ourania, University of Vienna, Austria 12. Kolvoord Bob, James Madison University, USA 13. Leininger-Frezal Caroline, Université de Paris, France 14. Margaritis Efstathios, University of Southampton, UK 15. Specht Doug, University of Westminster, UK 16. Strobl Josef, University of Salzburg, Austria 17. Theobald Rebecca, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, USA 18. Yilmaz Ari, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Turkey In 2023, we received a total of 116 submissions. Of these, 24 outstanding papers were published online (acceptance rate 21% - 2023), while 92, although commendable, did not make it to publication. Remarkably, these submissions included the contributions of 63 authors from 20 countries. The average review speed of the articles is about 7-9 weeks for the first round and about 4-6 weeks for the second round. The reviewers came from 31 countries, which shows a global co-operation: UK, USA, Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Ireland, Spain, Netherlands, Japan, Hungary, Iceland, Croatia, Czech Republic, Finland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey, Romania and others. Thank you for your continued support and your contributions to this journal. Look forward to an exciting journey of discovery and innova-tion in the pages of the European Journal of Geography. Join us as we continue to shape the ever-evolving canvas of geographical exploration and knowledge. List of Reviewers 2023: 1. Alessandro Del Ponte, University of Alabama, USA 2. Ali Enes Dingil, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Repuplic 3. Alvanides Seraphim, Northumbria University, UK 4. András J. Molnár, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, Germany 5. Anja du Plessis, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa 6. Anqi Huang, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, China 7. Apostolia Galani, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece 8. Ari Yilmaz, Bandirma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi, Turkey 9. Audur Palsdottir , University of Iceland, Iceland 10. Barbara Szejgiec-Kolenda, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland 11. Beth Schlemper, The University of Toledo, USA 12. Blaž Repe, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia 13. Bob Kolvoord, James Madison University, USA 14. Carina Peter, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany 15. Carlos Lopez Escolano, University of Zaragoza, Spain 16. Caroline Leininger, Université de Paris, France 17. Charalampos Tsavdaroglou, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands 18. Christian Weismayer, Modul University Vienna GmbH, Austria 19. Darra Athanasia, National Technical University of Athens, Greece 20. Denise Blanchard, Texas State University, USA 21. Dimitris Kavroudakis, University of the Aegea, Greece 22. Don MacKeen, City of Glasgow College, UK 23. Doug Specht, University of Westminster, UK 24. Dragan Burić, University of Montenegro, Montenegro 25. Eeva-Kaisa Prokkola , University of Oulu, Finland 26. Efstathios Margaritis, University of Southampton, UK 27. Emmanuel Eze, University of Nigeria, Nigeria 28. Eva Psatha, University of Thessaly, Greece 29. Evangelos Rasvanis, University of Thessaly, Greece 30. Femke van Esch, Utrecht University, The Netherlands 31. František Petrovič, Constantine the Philosopher University, Slovakia 32. George Revill, The Open University, UK 33. Géza Tóth, University of Miskolc, Hungary 34. Grayson R. Morgan, University of South Carolina, USA 35. Hristina Prodanova, National Institute of Geophysics, Geodesy and Geography - Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria 36. Huda Jamal Jumaah, Northern Technical University, Iraq 37. İlkay Südas, Ege University, Turkey 38. Ilse van liempt, Utrecht University, The Netherlands 39. Isabel María Gómez-Trigueros, University of Alicante, Spain 40. Italo Sousa de Sena, University College Dublin, Ireland 41. Iva Miranda Pires, NOVA University Lisbon, Portugal 42. Iwona Anna Jażdżewska, University of Lodz, Poland 43. Jaime Diaz Pacheco, Universidad de La Laguna, Spain 44. Jan Christoph Schubert, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany 45. Jens Dangschat , TU Wien, Austria 46. Jernej Zupančič, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia 47. Jerry T. Mitchell, University of South Carolina, USA 48. Joan Rossello, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Spain 49. Joseph J. Kerski, ESRI, USA 50. Karina Standal, CICERO Center for International Climate Research, Oslo, Norway 51. Karl Donert, EUROGEO, Belgium 52. Koshiro Suzuki , University of Toyama, Japan 53. Kristine Juul, University of Roskilde , Denmark 54. Lauren Hammond, University College London, UK 55. Mahmood Shoorcheh, University of Isfahan, Iran 56. Maria Angeles Rodriguez-Domenech, Universidad Castilla La Mancha, Spain 57. María Lois , Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain 58. María-Luisa de Lázaro-Torres , Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain 59. Marko Krevs, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia 60. Marta Gallardo, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain 61. Md Galal Uddin, University of Galway, Ireland 62. Md. Kausar Alam, Brac University, Bangladesh 63. Michaela Spurná, Masaryk University, Czech Repuplic 64. Miha Pavšek, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Slovenia 65. Muhammad Haroon Stanikzai , Kandahar University, Afghanistan 66. Neli Heidari, University of Hamburg, Germany 67. Nicholas Wise, Arizona State University, USA 68. Nikola Šimunić, Institute of Social Sciences Ivo Pilar, Croatia 69. Nikolaos Karachalis , University of the Aegean, Greece 70. Nuno Morgado, Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary 71. Pablo Fraile-Jurado, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain 72. Panagiotis G. Tzouras, National Technical University of Athens, Greece 73. Peter T. Dunn, University of Washington, USA 74. Petr Knecht, Masaryk University, Czech Repuplic 75. Polyxeni Kechagia, University of Thessaly, Greece 76. Qi Zhou, China University of Geosciences, China 77. Rafael de Miguel González, University of Zaragoza, Spain 78. Rebecca Theobald, University of Colorado, USA 79. Remus Cretan, West University of Timisoara, Romania 80. Roberto Falanga, University of Lisbon, Institute of Social Sciences, Portugal 81. Saheed Adekunle Raji, University of Lagos, Nigeria 82. Sandra Sprenger, University of Hamburg, Germany 83. Sarah Bednarz, Texas A&M University, USA 84. Sebastien Bourdin, EM Normandie Bussiness School, France 85. Serafin Pazos-Vidal , European Association for Innovation in Local Development, Belgium 86. Susannah Cramer-Greenbaum, University of Warwick, UK, UK 87. Teemu Makkonen, University of Eastern Finland, Finland 88. Teresa Sadoń-Osowiecka, University of Gdansk, Poland 89. Theano S. Terkenli , University of the Aegean, Greece 90. Theodore Metaxas , University of Thessaly, Greece 91. Uwe Krause, Fontys School of the Arts, The Netherlands 92. Valériane Mistiaen , Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium 93. Vesna Skrbinjek, International School for Social and Business Studies, Slovenia 94. Vincent Nzabarinda, Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China 95. Zsolt Tibor Kosztyán, University of Pannonia, Hungary

Abstract Introduction Air pollution, water and soil pollution produce impaired quality of life and expose the population to contaminants that can cause cancer. One of the main pollutants are DLC, a group of highly toxic chemicals that enter the body in about 90% through our food, and are classified as type I carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In the U.S. and Europe during the twentieth century there was an increase in the incidence of NHL that has stabilized in recent years which is coincident with the implementation of strong dioxin emission regulations. In Chile there has been a higher incidence of NHL in recent decades so we decided to evaluate DLC levels in patients with NHL and compared them with a normal control population. Patients and Methods In order to achieve this goal a descriptive observational, case-control unpaired, epidemiological study was designed. Patients with NHL diagnosed in the Hospital of Valdivia in 2011 and 2012 were considered in the study. The control group was composed by individuals without cancer, from the same geographical area as the patients. All volunteers were asked if they wished to participate in the study using an informed consent. Blood sample without anticoagulant was obtained from each individual. Serum was aliquoted and stored at -20 ° C for later quantification of total lipids and DLC with sulfo-phospho-vanillin assay colorimetric method and DR-CALUX ® Bioassay, respectively (screening method approved by FDA and EEC). A nonparametric statistical hypothesis was constructed using Wilcoxon rank sum test to compare two independent samples considering a non-symmetrical distribution of the variable DLC (pg TEQ / total lipids) and a significance level of α= 5%. Results 51 patients with NHL and 100 controls entered the study. The mean ages of the LNH group and the control group were 59±14.5 and 39± 16.9 years, respectively. The male/female ratio was 0.52 and 0.82 in the LNH and control group, respectively. NHL cases were from southern regions of Chile matching that of controls in a 100%. The histopathology of NHL cases was in 90% of B lineage. The concentration of DLC was quantified in all cases and expressed in toxicity equivalents (TEQ) using as reference the 2,3,7,8, tetracloroparadibenzodioxine and corrected to the value of total serum lipids (pg TEQ / total lipids). In all samples analyzed DLC were detected. The DLC levels found for NHL cases and controls were 28.33 ± 28.57 and 15.02 ± 7.64 pg TEQ / total lipids, respectively. The median values for cases and controls were 19.02 and 12.67 pg TEQ / total lipids, respectively. The analysis with Wilcoxon rank sum test showed a statistically significant evidence (z = -4.44, p = 0.0000) (Figure 1). Conclusions The cases and controls analyzed came from a geographical area of 1200 km of extension without polluting industries having detectable levels of DLC in all them. DLC levels NHL cases were higher compared with controls. When comparing the results of the controls (15.02 pg TEQ / g lipid) with other studies in unexposed populations we find similar levels in Northern Australia and Taiwan, 10.9 and 15.2 pg TEQ / g lipid, respectively (Harden et al. 2007 and Chen et al., 2005). Levels are higher in areas with higher industrial activity as France, Slovakia and Belgium (Marchand et al. 2004 Chovancová et al 2012, Bilau et al., 2009), and lower for residents of Fukuoka and Athens (Masuda et al. , 2005 Costopoulou et al., 2006). The vast region from which the controls come from in our study, with an environment relatively free of pollution leads us to infer that DLC are basically food contaminants, since the majority of the population consume food products manufactured in areas of high industrial activity and distributed throughout the country. DLC studies in populations exposed to higher pollution (Viel et al., 2008) have shown increased incidence of NHL in those areas. This makes us pose the hypothesis of a potential pathogenic role of DLC in NHL that could be mediated by genetic mechanisms and / or deregulated B cell expansion. This research is funded by FONIS SA11I2029 (National Fund for Health Research). Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.