Journal articles: 'Slot-pole combinatio'

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Azeem, Muhammad, and Byungtaek Kim. "Characteristic analysis of flux switching PM machine with various pole and slot combinations." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 64, no. 1-4 (December 10, 2020): 667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-209377.

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This paper examines the influence of pole and slot combinations on the electromagnetic performance of the flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPMs) machine. For this purpose, first the production of air gap flux density in machine analytically discussed. Next, five different pole and slot combination are selected by using the knowledge of air-gap flux density expression. The performances of the different combinations are analyzed and compared using the finite element analysis (FEA), and optimal pole and slot combination is suggested. It is found that the pole and slot combination has a dominant effect on machine performance and needs to be considered during the design stage.

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Guo, Liyan, and Huimin Wang. "Research on Stator Slot and Rotor Pole Combination and Pole Arc Coefficient in a Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Machine by the Finite Element Method." World Electric Vehicle Journal 12, no. 1 (February 13, 2021): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj12010026.

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A surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) machine is widely used in many auxiliary parts of an electric vehicle, so its design level directly influences the performance of the electric vehicle. In the design process of the SPM machine, selecting the appropriate stator slot and rotor pole combination and pole arc coefficient is a necessary and important step. Therefore, in this paper, a 750 W machine is set as an example to research stator slot and rotor pole combinations and pole arc coefficients for the SPM machine. First, the design schemes of machines adopting different stator slot and rotor pole combinations are determined according to the winding coefficient, stator size, and electromagnetic performance requirements. Further, finite element models of SPM machines with different stator slot and rotor pole combinations are established by Ansys Maxwell. On this basis, the back electromotive force (back EMF), cogging torque, electromagnetic torque, and loss and efficiency of SPM machines are calculated and compared to select the better stator slot and rotor pole combinations. Further, effects of pole arc coefficient on cogging torque and electromagnetic torque are also researched to guide the selection of the pole arc coefficient in the design process of the SPM machine. Conclusions achieved in this paper will provide guidance for design of the SPM machine.

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Park, Soo-Hwan, Eui-Chun Lee, Gi-Ju Lee, Soon-O. Kwon, and Myung-Seop Lim. "Effect of Pole and Slot Combination on the AC Joule Loss of Outer-Rotor Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Using a High Fill Factor Machined Coil." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 25, 2021): 3073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113073.

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This paper proposes a design guideline for selecting the pole and slot combination of an outer-rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) using a maximum slot occupation (MSO) coil. Because the MSO coil has a large conductor area, the AC Joule loss in the conductors may be increased at high frequencies. To ensure high-efficiency for the PMSM, it is necessary to reduce the loss. Thus, it is important to select the pole- and slot- combination that has the minimum AC Joule loss. The loss is caused by skin/proximity effects and variations in the slot leakage flux. The skin effect is due to the armature winding and the variation in the slot leakage flux is due to the field flux. A method for separating the AC Joule loss due to each component using the frozen permeability method is proposed. Based on the proposed method, the effect of each cause on the loss at various pole- and slot- combinations is analyzed in this study.

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Torreggiani, Ambra, Claudio Bianchini, Matteo Davoli, and Alberto Bellini. "Design for Reliability: The Case of Fractional-Slot Surface Permanent-Magnet Machines." Energies 12, no. 9 (May 5, 2019): 1691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091691.

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Surface permanent-magnet machines are widely used in different applications, from industrial automation to home appliance and electrical traction. Among any possible machine topology, the fractional-slot surface permanent-magnet one has gained increasing importance, because of its high torque density, low cogging torque, extended flux weakening capability and high efficiency. In addition, fractional-slot machines are attractive for tooth concentrated windings, which allow some optimized manufacturing solutions such as modular stator tooth and high slot filling factor, which result in copper volume reduction; cost reduction, and lower stator parasitic resistances. The slot–pole combination is one of the most important design parameter and, as shown in this paper, it affects performances and the robustness of the machine with respect to the manufacturing imperfections. In the literature, slot–pole combinations are optimized at design phase by finite-element analysis relying on a healthy machine model. The original contribution of this paper is a design for reliability method that models manufacturing defects and includes them at design phase in the optimization process of slot–pole combinations. A method is presented that allows defining the optimal design parameters for maximum performances and robustness towards unavoidable imperfections caused by tolerances of the manufacturing process.

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Yu, Shen Bo, Shen Cao, Lei Li, and Feng Yi Xiao. "Research on Characteristics of Cogging Torque of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Finite Element Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 313-314 (March 2013): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.313-314.37.

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This paper presents a method of reducing cogging torque of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) based on Finite Element Method (FEM). Cogging torque can be reduced by pole and slot number combination and the length of air gap reasonably. An investigation into the cogging torque in 4 pole, 48 slot and 6 pole, 54 slot interior-magnet machines with overlapping winding is described. The calculation results show that cogging torque can be reduced by nearly 50% by pole and slot number combination reasonably. Then influence of different length of air gap on cogging torque is also researched. Cogging torque can be weaken by increasing the length of air gap effectively, the smoothness of the motor running can be improved.

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Lee, Sangjin, Changhwan Kim, Yongha Choo, Gyeonghwan Yun, and Cheewoo Lee. "Torque analysis of a permanent magnet synchronous motor using flux densities in air gap." AIP Advances 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 025313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/9.0000566.

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Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) having high power density and high efficiency are rigorously researched in various premium applications. Among PMSMs, many studies have been conducted on interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) to improve torque ripple, but its accurate estimation is not straightforward. Therefore, a six-pole nine-slot (6p/9s) IPMSM is adopted as a base model due to its popularity in academia and industries, and other two pole/slot combinations (8p/12s and 10p/15s) are additionally selected to investigate the influence of a pole/slot combination on torque ripple. Torque performance is easily identified by analyzing tangential force due to their direct proportional relation. In this paper, magnetic flux densities in radial and tangential direction are systematically analyzed since tangential force is determined by the product of the two magnetic flux densities. The modification of a stator pole regarding its tip thickness is chosen as a key parameter in 6p/9s IPMSM. The thickness of a stator pole tip opposite to the direction of spin is more critical in torque ripple improvement. It is verified that the proposed method is sufficient for accurate torque prediction.

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Wang, Xiu Ping, Chun Yu Qu, Xiao Feng Xu, and Dong Rui Wang. "Design and Analysis of Fractional-Slot Concentrated-Winding Permanent Magnet Machine for Wind Power Generation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (October 2014): 611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.611.

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In order to obtain the low synchronous speed, fractional-slot concentrated-winding PM machine is adopted to wind power generation system. This paper analyzed the pole slot combination rule, and then studied the electromagnetic design method by taking 12-slot and 10-pole machine. By using the finite element software, the characteristics is analyzed for this fractional-slot concentrated-winding permanent magnet generator, the research results show that this generator has good performance, thus prove that fractional-slot concentrated-winding scheme is feasible and effective.

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Rehman, Abdur, and Byungtaek Kim. "Design and Analysis of 15 MW SPM Vernier Generator for Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Applications." Energies 16, no. 3 (January 19, 2023): 1094. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16031094.

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This paper presents the design and an analysis of a surface PM vernier generator (SPMVG) for MW-scale direct-drive (DD) wind turbine application. An SPMVG has the advantage of higher torque density; however, especially at higher power ratings with increased electrical loadings, the power factor worsens and there are some serious concerns including magnetic saturation of cores and PM demagnetization. These issues are directly related to machine design parameters such as PM dimensions, applied electrical loading, slot geometry and the choice of slot–pole combination. It is determined that depending on the PM thickness and a few other design variables, each slot–pole combination has an optimal value of specific electrical loading. The use of the optimal value of specific electrical loading ensures that the machine is not saturated, the performance is optimum and the power factor is not unnecessarily degraded. Moreover, under certain design constraints, design criteria are developed that ensure the proper choice of various entailed design variables. By using the developed design criteria, the trends of various electromagnetic performances with variation in the slot–pole combination are discussed. The obtained trends clearly show that each slot–pole combination offers a certain torque density and power factor; thus, it serves as a guide for the selection of the slot–pole combination considering the required torque density and/or certain power factor limit. Finally, by using the developed design approach, an SPMVG for rated power of 15 MW is designed; the design objectives are to maximize torque per volume with a power factor limit of 0.4. Moreover, the various aspects of the performances of the designed SPMVG are comprehensively compared against a conventional PM DD 15 MW generator.

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Yun, Gyeonghwan, Yongha Choo, Changhwan Kim, Sangjin Lee, Do-Kwan Hong, and Cheewoo Lee. "Vibration analysis of a permanent magnet synchronous motor by a pole/slot combination." AIP Advances 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 025017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/9.0000568.

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A sixteen-pole eighteen-slot (16p/18s) permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) developed in Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) for a vertical articulated robot is chosen as a reference model, and other two pole/slot combinations (20p/18s, 20p/24s) are together compared in terms of electrical and mechanical performance. Radial force density varying in time and space is decomposed through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and vibration is calculated from the harmonics of radial force. The vibration of 20p/24s is best due to its mode of 4 among the three pole/slot combinations. Additionally, the variation of radial force density with respect to torque is compared between 16p/18s and 20p/18s. Despite the same number of slots in both motors, the slope of 20p/18s is greater than that of 16p/18s in radial force density due to the different number of poles. As a result, the vibration of 20p/18s is worse than that of 16p/18s.

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Wu, Chuan Guo, Jian Zhong Zhang, Yu Ting Chen, and Ming Cheng. "Comparison Study of Tubular Linear Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Actuator with Different Fractional Slot Winding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.281.

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There are many slot/pole combinations may be selected for the fractional slot tubular linear surface-mounted motors (TLSPM) used as actuators for high voltage breakers, such as 15/8, 15/4, 15/2, 12/8. Compared with integral slot winding, the fractional slot winding has more advantages. Since the winding arrangement will be changed due to the different slot/pole numbers. The characteristics of the TLSPM with different fractional slot, such as detent force, back EMF, are analyzed and compared in this paper. It is shown that good performance may be achieved by selecting appropriate fractional slot design.

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Zhu, Chuanhui, Rujie Lu, Congli Mei, Tao Peng, and Guoqin Zhang. "Design and Simulation Analysis of Stator Slots for Small Power Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motors." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2023 (February 16, 2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1152243.

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With the development of power electronics technology, permanent magnet brushless DC motors have developed rapidly and are now widely used in electric vehicles, flywheel energy storage, rail transit, and other applications. The stator slot structure is one of the main factors affecting the performance of the motor. A low-power permanent magnet brushless DC motor was selected as the research object, and the finite element analysis method was used to study the effects of different slot and pole combinations and stator slot types on the cogging torque, reluctance torque, and back electromotive force of the permanent magnet brushless DC motor. The influence of the stator slot structure of the motor on the performance of the motor was analyzed, and the optimal slot-pole combination and stator slot type were determined. The results showed that the cogging torque of the 2-stage 24-slot motor was 14 mN·m, and the reluctance torque was 75 mN·m. The cogging torque and reluctance torque were the smallest, and the back electromotive force waveform was similar to a trapezoidal wave. The motor cogging torque of the pear-shaped round slot was the smallest, with a value of 460 mN·m, and the motor reluctance torque of the pear-shaped trapezoidal slot was the smallest, with a value of 1.2 N·m. The back electromotive force waveforms of the motors with four different stator slot types were similar.

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Zheng, Ping, Fan Wu, Yi Sui, Peng Fei Wang, and Bin Yu. "Analysis, Design and Prototyping of a Low-Speed High-Torque Six-Phase Fault-Tolerant Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine for EVs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.66.

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This paper deals with a low-speed high-torque six-phase fault-tolerant permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) for wheel-driving electric vehicle (EV) applications. In machine design, winding arrangements and feasible slot/pole combinations are discussed and compared; a 24-slot/22-pole alternate-teeth-wound scheme is analyzed and designed. With reinforced slot-leakage component, the inductance of the machine is increased to restrain the one-phase short-circuit current to nearly 1.0 per unit preventing the machine from deteriorations in condition of that fault. The 24-slot/22-pole alternate-teeth-wound prototype machine is manufactured and the experimental verification is provided.

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Chung, Shi-Uk, and Ji-Young Lee. "Teeth Arrangement and Pole–Slot Combination Design for PMLSM Detent Force Reduction." Energies 14, no. 23 (December 4, 2021): 8141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14238141.

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This paper introduces and investigates a new design method that employs both teeth arrangement and pole–slot combination to reduce the detent force of permanent magnet linear synchronous motors (PMLSMs) for precision position control. The proposed topology is a 10-pole, 12-slot-based PMLSM comprising two sections that significantly reduce the detent force without implementing a skewing design. It was analytically and experimentally confirmed that the proposed design effectively reduces detent force with a negligible sacrifice of mover length. The general characteristics and servo performance of the proposed PMLSM were experimentally examined and then discussed.

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Liu, Guohai, Wenxuan Li, Qian Chen, and Yanxin Mao. "Analysis and Application of Two-Layer Unconventional Windings for PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motors." Energies 14, no. 12 (June 10, 2021): 3447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123447.

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This paper presents a new winding configuration theory of conventional and unconventional slot-pole combinations that can be used to configure windings with any slot-pole combination. First, various two-layer windings can be divided into conventional balanced winding (CBW), unbalanced winding (UBW), unconventional even slot winding (UESW) and unconventional odd slot winding (UOSW). In addition, the winding configuration can be divided into two steps—slot sorting and slot distributions to phases—and the rule of winding distribution and connection of the four kinds of windings is given. Moreover, there are four models established corresponding to the four kinds of windings. The air-gap flux density and harmonic of models with double layer flux-barrier PM-assisted rotor and without flux-barrier rotor are analyzed and compared using two-dimensional transient finite element analysis (FEA). The effect of stator magneto motive force (MMF) on torque performance affected by winding configuration is analyzed by comparing air gap magnetic density under two kinds of rotors. The simulation of torque shows that UBW, UESW, and UOSW have a certain reducing effect on torque ripple in PMASynRM. Meanwhile, a brief comparison is made in terms of radial forces and power losses; the effects produced by UBW, UESW, and UOSW compared to CBW in these two aspects are acceptable.

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Shi, Jiameng, Hao Kong, Liren Huang, Qinfen Lu, and Yunyue Ye. "Investigation of modular odd-pole PM linear synchronous motors with flux gaps." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 35, no. 2 (March 7, 2016): 424–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-02-2015-0067.

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Purpose – Nowadays, to simplify manufacture process and improve fault-tolerant capability, more and more modular electrical machines are being applied in industrial areas. The purpose of this paper is to investigate a novel modular single-sided flat permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM), which adopts segmented armature with the required flux gaps between segments to enhance the performance. Design/methodology/approach – Using 2D finite element analysis, the performances, such as open-flux linkage, back-EMF, average thrust force, thrust ripple, etc., are compared in different values of flux gaps, as well as different slot/pole number combinations (mainly odd numbers of poles). Finally, to show the difference of linear motor from rotary one, the detailed comparison is made between modular PMLSM and rotary PMSM. Findings – Due to flux gaps, it is found the electromagnetic performances are worsened along with flux gap width increasing to modular PMLSMs having slot number higher than pole number, but some aspects of performances such as winding factor, open-circuit flux linkage, back-EMF and average thrust can be improved to those having slot number lower than pole number. Due to the end effect of linear format, the thrust ripple is not significantly improved. Originality/value – It is concluded the proper flux gaps can be chosen to improve the performance of PMLSM with certain slot/pole combinations. A new structure of 12-slot-13-pole (hereinafter referred to as 12s/13p) PMLSM with fractional slot and alternative-teeth wound winding is designed.

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Liu, Yue, Zi-Qiang Zhu, Chengwei Gan, Simon Brockway, and Chris Hilton. "Comparison of optimal slot/pole number combinations in fractional slot permanent magnet synchronous machines having similar slot and pole numbers." Journal of Engineering 2019, no. 17 (June 1, 2019): 4585–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2018.8202.

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Bang, Tae-Kyoung, Kyung-Hun Shin, Jeong-In Lee, Hoon-Ki Lee, Han-Wook Cho, and Jang-Young Choi. "Experimental and Comparative Study of Rotor Vibrations of Permanent Magnet Machines with Two Different Fractional Pole/Slot Combinations." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 9, 2020): 8792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248792.

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This study deals with the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) characteristic analysis of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) for electrical machines, such as electrically driven tools that are used in industries. An improved NVH design is needed for application to industrial tools. In general, the electromagnetic NVH characteristics of PMSMs are classified into electromagnetic excitation sources, such as total harmonic distortion of EMF, torque pulsation, magnetic pull force, and unbalanced magnetic force (UMF). This study compares the vibration and noise generated by fractional pole/slot combinations. In PMSMs with fractional pole/slot combinations, UMF is an important NVH source. PMSMs generate UMF because of armature reaction fields based on the pole/slot combinations and harmonics of magnetic flux density. UMF was derived using the finite element method, and the rotor vibration analysis was performed using electromagnetic mechanical coupling analysis. The analysis results and the effect of electromagnetic excitation characteristics on the rotor vibration of the PMSMs were compared and analyzed.

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Dharne, Akash M., and Prof Lata B. Awale. "Analysis of Switched Reluctance Motor Performance with Different Slot Pole Combinations." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 2158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44201.

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Abstract: The Switched Reluctance Motors are getting popularity among different applications like electric vehicles and traction due to their simple construction, lower cost and better efficiency. It also have the advantages of low rotor inertia, small size, high pickup, effective and easy cooling etc. Due to its simple structure, switch reluctance motors are mainly used in electric vehicles, vacuum cleaners, washing machines, servo types and variable speed applications. The switch reluctance motor has a rugged structure and is suitable for vibration and high temperature zones. The torque generated by the switch reluctance motor does not depend on the polarity of the phase current. As a result, fewer semiconductor switches are used in power converters. In addition, the losses incurred by SRM motors come only from the stator. Therefore, it can be easily cooled. In this work, the performance of different slot pole combination of SRM is analysed and compared. The Slot poles combinations taken for Analysis are : 6/4, 8/6 and 12/10. The main parameters on which the performance of SRM is compared are Electromagnetic Torque, Torque Ripple and Inductance in Transient Analysis and Output Torque and Power in Steady State Analysis. It is found that with increasing slot pole combination of SRM, the torque ripple decreases and average torque increases.

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Wang, Xiu Ping, and Chun Yu Qu. "On the Possibility of Fractional-Slot Concentrated-Winding Permanent Magnet Machine for Wind Power Generation." Advanced Materials Research 945-949 (June 2014): 2858–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.2858.

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In order to obtain the low synchronous speed, fractional slot concentrated winding is adopted in generation system. This paper analyzed the pole/slot combination rule, and studied the electromagnetic design method. By the finite element software, the characteristics is analyzed for this fractional-slot concentrated-winding permanent magnet generator, the result shows that this generator has a good performance, thus yet proves that fractional slot concentrated winding scheme is feasible.

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Oner, Y., Z. Q. Zhu, L. J. Wu, and X. Ge. "Analytical sub-domain model for predicting open-circuit field of permanent magnet vernier machine accounting for tooth tips." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 35, no. 2 (March 7, 2016): 624–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-11-2015-0422.

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Purpose – Due to high electromagnetic torque at low speed, vernier machines are suitable for direct-drive applications such as electric vehicles and wind power generators. The purpose of this paper is to present an exact sub-domain model for analytically predicting the open-circuit magnetic field of permanent magnet vernier machine (PMVM) including tooth tips. The entire field domain is divided into five regions, viz. magnets, air gap, slot openings, slots, and flux-modulation pole slots (FMPs). The model accounts for the influence of interaction between PMs, FMPs and slots, and radial/parallel magnetization. Design/methodology/approach – Magnetic field distributions for slot and air-gap, flux linkage, back-EMF and cogging torque waveforms are obtained from the analytical method and validated by finite element analysis (FEA). Findings – It is found that the developed sub-domain model including tooth tips is very accurate and is applicable to PMVM having any combination of slots/FMPs/PMs. Originality/value – The main contributions include: accurate sub-domain model for PMVM is proposed for open-circuit including tooth-tip which cannot be accounted for in literature; the model accounts the interaction between flux modulation pole (FMP) and slot; developed sub-domain model is accurate and applicable to any slot/FMP/PM combinations; and it has investigated the influence of FMP/slot opening width/height on cogging torque.

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Lu, Qinfen, Huanwen Li, Xiaoyan Huang, and Yunyue Ye. "Research on yokeless double-sided multi-tooth flux-switching linear motor." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 35, no. 2 (March 7, 2016): 832–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-12-2015-0438.

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Purpose – Due to the advantages of direct driven, high thrust density, and high efficiency, flux-switching linear motor (FSLM) is required for many applications, including aerospace and automotive. However, the vibration caused by detent force and difficulties in the assembly produced by the large normal force become the barriers that restrict its development. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – In order to improve the electromagnetic performance of double-sided multi-tooth FSLM (DMTFSLM), a yokeless DMTFSLM with moving primary is proposed and compared with normal DMTFSLM. Moreover, with theoretical analysis, the selection principle of slot-pole number combination is obtained. DMTFSLMs with four slot/pole combinations, 6s/16p, 6s/17p, 6s/19p, 6s/20p, are analyzed based on finite element analysis model. Finally, several parameters of this yokeless DMTFSLM have been optimized to obtain the better performance. Findings – In yokeless DMTFSLM, it is found that the asymmetry of Back-EMF caused by the end-effect is eliminated, which leads to a better thrust force performance in comparison with the normal structure. The small attractive force between the secondary and the primary makes it easier for assembly and also can reduce the friction, which is more suitable for high-speed application. In addition, the best slot-pole combination rule is found through a simple theoretical analysis. Originality/value – The yokeless DMTFSLM has excellent electromagnetic performance, such as high thrust density, negligible normal force, and small force ripple. It is a strong candidate for high-precision device.

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Liu, Guang Qi. "Investigation on Slot/Pole Number Combinations for PMSM with Concentrated Fractional Slot Winding." Advanced Engineering Forum 2-3 (December 2011): 512–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.2-3.512.

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Five features of slot number-phase table of cell motor are deeply discussed in this paper. Then it is derived that four constraints of cell motor with fractional slot winding and two additional constraints of cell motor with concentrated fractional slot winding. Finally, the equivalent calculation of spread factor of fractional slot motor and integral slot motor is proposed by use of the dummy motor. Because Slot number-phase table is brought in, the method proposed by this paper is convenient to carry out automatic analysis and calculation by computer.

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Tessarolo, Alberto, Cesare Ciriani, Mauro Bortolozzi, Mario Mezzarobba, and Nicola Barbini. "Investigation Into Multi-Layer Fractional-Slot Concentrated Windings With Unconventional Slot-Pole Combinations." IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 34, no. 4 (December 2019): 1985–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tec.2019.2929950.

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Lee, Ki-Doek, Ik-Sang Jang, Mi-Jung Kim, Jae-Jun Lee, Jung-Ho Han, Tae-Chul Jeong, Woong-Chan Chae, Sang-Hwan Ham, and Ju lee. "Output Characteristics of IPMSM According to Pole-Slot Combinations." Journal of International Council on Electrical Engineering 2, no. 3 (July 2012): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/jicee.2012.2.3.264.

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Akbar, Siddique, Faisal Khan, Wasiq Ullah, Basharat Ullah, Ahmad H. Milyani, and Abdullah Ahmed Azhari. "Performance Analysis and Optimization of a Novel Outer Rotor Field-Excited Flux-Switching Machine with Combined Semi-Closed and Open Slots Stator." Energies 15, no. 20 (October 12, 2022): 7531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207531.

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Slotting effect in electric machines reduces flux per pole that effect magnetic flux density distribution in the air gap which induces harmonics in magnetic flux density causing flux pulsation, that in turn generates dominant torque pulsation in the form of cogging torque and torque ripples. To overcome the abovesaid demerits, a novel outer rotor field-excited flux-switching machine (OR-FSFSM) with a combined semi-closed and open slots stator is proposed in this study. The developed OR-FEFSM offers a high-power factor, due to the utilization of the semi-closed slot for armature coils. The open slot stator structure was chosen for the field excitation coil, which effectively suppresses leakage reluctance that causes flux pulsation. Thus, the influence of torque ripples is reduced, and the average torque is improved. In order to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed OR-FEFSM, a detailed study of stator slot and rotor pole combinations are performed. Based on simplified mathematical formulation, 12S/7P (stator slot/rotor poles), 12S/11P, 12S/13P, and 12S/17P are the most feasible combinations. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) based on comprehensive electromagnetic performance is performed on each combination, and found that 12S/13P offers the highest average torque of 4.62 Nm, whereas 3.72 Nm, 2.72 Nm, and 1.68 Nm average torque is offered by 12S/17P, 12S/7P, and 12S/11P, respectively. Based on the initial analysis, 12S/13P was considered for further analysis and optimized using JMAG built-in Genetic Algorithm (GA). Moreover, thermal analysis was performed, and the proposed design was compared with the conventional design.

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Cai, Jiong Jiong, Jia Qi Ren, Liang Cheng, and Yun Yue Ye. "Magnet Skew Technology Investigation for the Reduction of PMLSM Thrust Ripple." Advanced Materials Research 476-478 (February 2012): 890–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.890.

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Thrust characteristics of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) are analyzed. It shows that frequency spectrums of thrust ripple, which are mainly caused by end-effect, are quite similar for linear motors with different pole/slot combinations. To apply magnet skew technology, a method using piecewise magnet for skewing factor computation is introduced. According to this piecewise method, a policy for analyzing 3D skew effect model using 2D FEM algorithm is investigated. The application on a 14-pole/12-slot PMLSM validated the algorithm.

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Sulaiman, Farina, R. N. Firdaus, M. S. Ahmad, A. Jidin, and T. Sutikno. "Winding Arrangement of A New Type Hollow Rotor BLDC Motor." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i3.pp933-946.

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This paper discusses about winding arrangement of fractional slot of a new type hollow rotor Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor. Hollow rotor has higher performance compared to other BLDC motor because it minimizes the unused flux below permanent magnet and maximize torque produce by the motor. It’s also known that 8 pole motor is favorite used in industrial because it has an optimum space of permanent magnet for a smaller motor size. The number of pole will affect the maximum speed of the rotor. Thus, the objective of this research is to investigate the best winding arrangement for 8 pole of hollow rotor that could produce the highest electromagnetic performance. At starts, four combinations of slot number and coil sizes had been selected. Structural comparison in term of coil vector and winding arrangement is studied. Finite Element Method (FEM) had been used to simulate the parameters such as backemf and torque waveforms. It was convinced that 9 slot 8 pole with 0.6 size of coil produces the best performance. The confirmed model had been fabricated and measured. Both results from FEM and measurement are compared in term of backemf and torque where percentage differences are 7.4 % and 8 %, respectively. As conclusion, this research shows the fundamental of winding arrangement of fractional slot of motor especially 8 pole motor.

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Wang, K., Z. Q. Zhu, G. Ombach, M. Koch, S. Zhang, and J. Xu. "Torque ripple reduction of synchronous reluctance machines." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 34, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-11-2013-0366.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of stator and rotor pole number combinations together with the flux-barrier layers number on the performance of synchronous reluctance machine with emphasis on output torque capability and torque ripple. Design/methodology/approach – AC synchronous reluctance machine (SynRM) or permanent magnet assisted SynRM presently receives a great deal of interest, since there is less or even no rare-earth permanent magnet in the rotor. Most of SynRM machines employ a stator that is originally designed for a standard squirrel cage induction motor for a similar output rating and application, or the SynRM machine with 24-slot, four-pole are often directly chosen for investigation in most of the available literature. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the influence of stator and rotor pole number combinations together with the flux-barrier layers number on the performance of SynRM machine with emphasis on output torque capability and torque ripple. Findings – The average torque decreases with the increase of the pole numbers but remain almost constant when employing different stator slot numbers but with the same pole number. In addition, the torque ripple decreases significantly with the increase of the stator slot number. The machine with double-layer flux-barrier in the rotor has the biggest average torque, while the machines with three- and four-layer flux-barrier in the rotor have almost the same average torque but their value is slightly smaller than that of machine with double-layer flux-barrier. However, the machine with three-layer flux-barrier has the lowest torque ripple but the highest torque ripple exists in the machine with double-layer flux-barrier. Research limitations/implications – The purely sinusoidal currents are applied in this analysis and the effects of harmonics in the current on torque ripple are not considered in this application. Originality/value – This paper has analyzed the torque ripple and average torque of SynRMs with considering slot/pole number combinations together with the flux-barrier number.

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Raj, S., R. Aziz, and M. Z. Ahmad. "Influence of pole number on the characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM)." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, no. 3 (March 1, 2019): 1318. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i3.pp1318-1323.

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<span>This paper present the influence of pole number on the characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). This study is devoted to construct three different motors with varying pole numbers and investigating its effect on the characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). It is a study on an influence of pole numbers on electromagnetic and thermal characteristics of the PMSMs all while maintaining the same motor dimensions, parameters and slot number. The study is conducted to analyse the best slot-pole combination for a given dimension to determine if pole numbers have a role in the motor performance. The analysis for these permanent magnet motors is done via finite element analysis (FEA) in which JMAG Designer software is used. The software is used to analyse the motor performance in terms of cogging torque, speed, power, iron loss, copper loss as well as the efficiency of the motor itself. All three motors were simulated in no load and load condition.</span>

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Hwang, C. C., M. H. Wu, and S. P. Cheng. "Influence of pole and slot combinations on cogging torque in fractional slot PM motors." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 304, no. 1 (September 2006): e430-e432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.01.207.

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Kahar, Muhammad Izanie, Raja Nor Firdaus Kashfi Raja Othman, Aziah Khamis, Nurfaezah Abdullah, Fairul Azhar Abdul Shukor, and Lim Seng Tat. "Effect of Slot-Pole Numbers on the Performance of a BLDC Motor for Agro-EV Application." ECTI Transactions on Electrical Engineering, Electronics, and Communications 20, no. 1 (February 18, 2022): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37936/ecti-eec.2022201.246104.

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This paper analyzes the performance of a brushless direct current (BLDC) motor for agro electric vehicle (agro-EV) applications. Agro-EV technology is being developed in response to increasing environmental pollution. Various types of electric motors are in agro-EV, one of which is the BLDC. With its good capabilities, it has been chosen for further exploration in this research. On the other hand, some issues limit the usage of the conventional BLDC motor in heavy applications, such as low torque performance caused by weak magnetic energy. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the effect of magnetic energy based on slot-pole combinations to evaluate the BLDC motor's performance. Three BLDC models with different slot-pole numbers are designed and simulated using a fixed structure size, permanent magnet volume, and magnetomotive force (MMF). Finite element method (FEM) software known as Altair Flux 2D is used to compute the cogging torque, back-electromotive force (BEMF), magnetic flux density, and the torque produced. As a result, an 18/20 slot-pole was chosen for its high torque (105 Nm) and BEMF (35.9 V). In conclusion, this research simulation presents guidelines and an overview regarding the effect of slot-pole numbers on the performance of the BLDC motor for agro-EV applications.

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Zhang, Linsen, Bo Tang, Siwei Tan, and Xiaoling Ning. "Cogging Torque Reduction of Permanent Magnet Motor Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2404, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2404/1/012046.

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Abstract The permanent magnet motor will inevitably produce cogging torque because of its inherent structure, which will cause vibration and noise and affect its application in certain high-precision applications. Firstly, considering the actual cogging structure of the stator, a general analytical model of cogging torque of the permanent magnet motor is obtained by the energy-based approaches. On the basis of the further derivation of cogging torque analytical expressions with different segmented pole structures, a cogging torque combination reduction method is presented based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm, by comprehensively optimizing three different combinations of the opening width of stator slot, the calculating pole arc coefficient and the number of PM pole segments, the method can reduce the “peak-to-peak value” of cogging torque. The finite element analysis (FEA) results prove the validity of the proposed method.

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Tu, Yixiang, Mingyao Lin, Keman Lin, Yong Kong, and Da Xu. "Comprehensive Comparison of Two Fault Tolerant Axial Field Modular Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Machines with Different Stator and Rotor Pole-Pairs Combinations." Machines 10, no. 3 (March 10, 2022): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10030201.

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This paper gives a comprehensive comparison among two fault-tolerant axial field modular flux-switching (AFFSPM) machines with different stator modular segments (U- and E-core) and stator-slots/pole-pairs combinations. The topologies of two AFFSPM machines are introduced, each with two feasible stator slots and rotor pole-pairs combinations with high winding factors based on the slot-conductor back-EMF star vectors theory. Then, the static performance including the air-gap flux density, flux linkage, back-electromagnetic force (back-EMF), and electromagnetic torque are analyzed and compared. Moreover, the fault-tolerant capability is then investigated by the torque performance under one- and two-phase open-circuit conditions in which the corresponding fault-tolerant control strategies are applied. The predicted results confirm that the 6-stator slot/11-rotor-pole-pair E-core AFFSPM machine exhibits the best performance of the four candidates.

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Qu, Huan, Zi Qiang Zhu, Toru Matsuura, Dusan Ivanovic, Takashi Kato, Kensuke Sasaki, Jim Greenough, et al. "Comparative Study of Dual PM Vernier Machines." World Electric Vehicle Journal 12, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj12010012.

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In this paper, two types of dual permanent magnet (PM) machines, i.e., stator slot dual-PM (SSDPM) machine and split-tooth dual-PM (STDPM) machine, are investigated and compared. Both machines have consequent pole structure with Halbach array PMs. Their difference lies in the position of stator PM. The SSDPM machine has Halbach array PMs in the stator slots, while the STDPM machine has PMs between the split teeth. Torque characteristics, i.e., average torques and torque ripples, of different slot/pole number combinations of the two machines are compared. The 24 stator slots/20 rotor slots/4 armature pole pair (24S20R4Pa) SSDPM machine with distributed windings and the 24 stator slots/10 rotor slots/4 armature pole pair (12S20R4Pa) STDPM machine with concentrated windings are compared under both open-circuit and on-load conditions. The results show that the SSDPM machine is more competitive by delivering higher torque density and higher power density.

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35

Lee, Hoon-Ki, Tae-Kyoung Bang, Jeong-In Lee, Jong-Hyeon Woo, Hyo-Seob Shin, Ick-Jae Yoon, and Jang-Young Choi. "Analytical Study and Comparison of Electromagnetic Characteristics of 8-Pole 9-Slot and 8-Pole 12-Slot Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Considering Rotor Eccentricity." Electronics 10, no. 16 (August 23, 2021): 2036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10162036.

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In this study, a magnetic field is analyzed using an analytical method and compared with the electromagnetic characteristics of 8-pole 9-slot and 8-pole 12-slot permanent magnet synchronous machines considering rotor eccentricity. The magnetic flux density and back electromotive force (EMF) are derived using perturbation theory and electromagnetic theory. First, the Fourier modeling of a permanent magnet is performed through magnetization modeling, and two analysis regions are set based on several assumptions for applying the analytical method. Accordingly, the governing equations of the analysis regions are derived in the form of Poisson and Laplace equations. In addition, the undefined coefficients of the general solutions are calculated through general solutions and appropriate boundary conditions, and the magnetic flux density and back EMF of the air gap region are derived based on the definition of the magnetic vector potential. The results obtained using the analytical method are compared with the finite element method and experimental results. In addition, we perform a torque analysis considering rotor eccentricity and analyze the torque ripple based on rotor eccentricity for two cases involving the pole/slot combination.

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Abdel-Khalik, A. S. "Five-Phase Modular External Rotor PM Machines with Different Rotor Poles: A Comparative Simulation Study." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/487203.

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The performance of fault-tolerant modular permanent magnet machines depends on the proper selection of the pole and slot numbers which result in negligible coupling between phases. The preferred slot and pole number combinations eliminate the effect of low-order harmonics in the stator magnetomotive force and thereby the vibration and stray loss are reduced. In this paper, three external rotor machines with identical machine dimensions are designed with different slots per phase per pole ratios. A simulation study is carried out using finite element analysis to compare the performance of the three machines in terms of machine torque density, ripple torque, core loss, and machine efficiency. A mathematical model based on the conventional-phase-model approach is also used for the comparative study. The simulation study is extended to depict machine performance under fault conditions.

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Jalali, Pezhman, Samad Taghipour Boroujeni, and Javad Khoshtarash. "Expansion of the Feasible Slot/Pole Combinations in the Fractional Slot PM Machines by Applying Three-Slot Pitch Coils." IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 34, no. 2 (June 2019): 993–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tec.2018.2871889.

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38

Liu, Zhengmeng, Wenxuan Li, and Guohai Liu. "A Novel Three-Layer Symmetry Winding Configuration for Five-Phase Motor." Energies 16, no. 2 (January 6, 2023): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16020682.

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This paper presents a new three-layer, five-phase winding configuration theory of unconventional slot-pole combinations by each layer of winding for a phase vector correction, three layers of winding superimposed together to achieve the results of three-phase symmetry. Since the single-layer unconventional winding has to have an empty slot to meet its symmetry, based on the characteristics of single-layer winding, the unconventional winding design is carried out. Based on the simulation comparison between the single-layer unconventional winding and double-layer unconventional winding, a three-layer, nine-phase unconventional winding is proposed, which is based on the theory of single-layer unconventional winding, and three layers are staggered and stacked to realize nine-phase winding, which not only increases the utilization rate of the winding slot but also improves the fault tolerance performance. In addition, a 105-slot, 20-pole, three-layer, five-phase motor is proposed for a winding configuration and performance analysis to achieve both low torque pulsation and high fault tolerance.

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Mitcham, A. J., G. Antonopoulos, and J. J. A. Cullen. "Favourable slot and pole number combinations for fault-tolerant PM machines." IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications 151, no. 5 (2004): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-epa:20040584.

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Lu, Qinfen, Yanxin Li, Yunyue Ye, J. T. Chen, and Z. Q. Zhu. "Novel linear switched-flux PM machine with 9/10 primary/secondary pole number combination." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 34, no. 6 (November 2, 2015): 1656–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-11-2014-0311.

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Purpose – Due to linear structure, linear switched flux permanent magnet machines (LSFPMMs) also may have odd pole primary, such as 9, 15, 21, etc., without unbalanced magnetic force in equivalent rotary machines. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – In order to increase the thrust force density, the influence of some major design parameters, including split ratio, PM thickness, primary slot width and secondary pole width, are investigated by finite element analysis. For reducing the thrust force ripple under on-load condition, the end auxiliary teeth are adopted and their positions are also optimized. Findings – This novel 9/10 primary/secondary poles LSFPMM has high average thrust force and low thrust force ripple by optimization. The results demonstrate that the odd pole primary may be a good candidate for long-stroke linear direct drive application. Originality/value – A novel 9/10 primary/secondary poles linear switched flux permanent magnet machine is developed in this paper. The similar conclusions could be obtained for other LSFPMMs with odd pole primary.

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41

Kim, Byungtaek. "Investigation on Slot–Pole Combinations of a PM Vernier Motor with Fractional-Slot Concentrated Winding Configurations." Energies 10, no. 9 (September 1, 2017): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en10091310.

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Choi, Mingyu, and Gilsu Choi. "Modeling, Investigation, and Mitigation of AC Losses in IPM Machines with Hairpin Windings for EV Applications." Energies 14, no. 23 (December 1, 2021): 8034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14238034.

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Interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines with hairpin windings have attracted significant attention in EV applications owing to their low DC resistance and excellent thermal capabilities. In this paper, we present a comprehensive investigation of AC winding losses in IPM machines for traction applications, including analytical modeling, the influence of design parameters, and finite element (FE) verification. The proposed analytical model can predict the trends in AC winding losses for any number of bar conductors and slot/pole combinations. The results of the parametric study, obtained via the analytical model, are presented to examine the effects of key design parameters, such as conductor width and height, phase arrangement, and slot-per-pole-per-phase (SPP). To incorporate more practical issues into the analysis of IPM machines with hairpin windings, extensive FE simulations were conducted. The results indicated that the AC winding losses decrease with an increasing number of conductor layers and phases inside the slot.

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Haouas, Elyes, Imen Abdennadher, and Ahmed Masmoudi. "Multi-Phase Fractional-Slot PM Synchronous Machines with Enhanced Open-Circuit Fault-Tolerance: Viable Candidates for Automotive Applications." World Electric Vehicle Journal 12, no. 1 (February 20, 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj12010032.

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This paper deals with the winding arrangement of multi-phase fractional-slot permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machines (FSPMSMs), with emphasis on the enhancement of their open-circuit fault-tolerance capability. FSPMSMs are reputed by their attractive intrinsic fault-tolerance capability, which increases with the number of phases. Of particular interest is the open-circuit fault-tolerance capability, which could be significantly enhanced through the parallel connection of the coils or suitable combinations of the coils of each phase. Nevertheless, such an arrangement of the armature winding is applicable to a limited set of slot-pole combinations. The present work proposes a design approach that extends the slot-pole combinations to candidates that are characterized by a star of slots including three phasors per phase and per winding period. It has the merit of improving the tolerance against open-circuit faults along with an increase in the winding factor of multi-phase machines. Special attention is paid to characterization of the coil asymmetry required for the phase parallel arrangement. A case study, aimed at a finite element analysis (FEA)-based investigation of the open-circuit fault-tolerance of a five-phase FSPMSM, is treated in order to validate the analytical prediction.

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Sui, Yi, Ping Zheng, Peilun Tang, Fan Wu, and Pengfei Wang. "A five-phase 20-slot/18-pole PMSM for electric vehicles." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 35, no. 2 (March 7, 2016): 439–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-02-2015-0106.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate a five-phase permanent-magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) that features high-power density and high-fault-tolerant capability for electric vehicles (EVs). Design/methodology/approach – The five-phase 20-slot/18-pole PMSM is designed by finite-element method. Two typical rotor structures which include Halbach array and rotor eccentricity are compared to achieve sinusoidal back electromotive force (EMF). The influence of slot dimensions on leakage inductance and short-circuit current is analyzed. The method to reduce eddy current loss of permanent magnets (PMs) is investigated. The machine performances under both healthy and fault conditions are evaluated. Finally, thermal behavior of the machine is studied by Ansys. Findings – With both no-load and load performances considered, rotor eccentricity is proposed to reduce the harmonic contents of EMF. Increasing slot leakage inductance is an effective way to limit the short-circuit current. By segmenting PMs in circumferential direction, the PM eddy current loss is reduced and the machine efficiency is improved. With proper fault-tolerant control strategy, acceptable torque performance can be achieved under fault conditions. The proposed machine can safely operate under Class F insulation. Originality/value – So far, many researches focus on multiphase PMSMs used in aviation fields, such as fuel pump and electric actuator. Differing from PMSMs used in aviation applications, machines for EVs require characteristics like wide speed ranges and variable operating conditions. Hence, this paper proposes a five-phase 20-slot/18-pole PMSM for EVs. The proposed design methodology is applicable to multiphase PMSMs with different slot/pole combinations.

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Wolnik, Tomasz, Vítezslav Styskala, and Tomas Mlcak. "Study on the Selection of the Number of Magnetic Poles and the Slot-Pole Combinations in Fractional Slot PMSM Motor with a High Power Density." Energies 15, no. 1 (December 29, 2021): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010215.

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Fractional slot, PMSM motors with a properly designed electromagnetic circuit allow for obtaining high power density factors (more than 4 kW per 1 kg of total motor weight). The selection of the number of magnetic poles to the specific dimensions and operating conditions of the motor, as well as the number of slots for the selected number of magnetic poles is the subject of the analysis in this article. This issue is extremely important because it affects the mass of the motor, the value of shaft torque, shaft power and the value of rotor losses. The aim of the work is to select solutions with the highest values of power density factor and, at the same time, the lowest values of rotor losses. The object of the study is a fractional slot PMSM motor with an external solid rotor core with surface permanent magnets (SPM). Motor weight is approximately 10 kg, outer diameter is 200 mm and a maximum power is 50 kW at 4800 r/min. The article analyzes the selection of magnetic poles in the range from 2p = 12 to 2p = 24 and various slot-pole combinations for individual magnetic poles. The target function of the objective was achieved and the calculations results were verified on the physical model. The best solutions were 20-pole, 30-slots (highest efficiency and lowest rotor loss) and 24-pole, 27 slots (highest power density).

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Mendizabal, Mikel, Alex McCloskey, Javier Poza, Sergio Zarate, Jaione Iriondo, and Leire Irazu. "Optimum Slot and Pole Design for Vibration Reduction in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 25, 2021): 4849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11114849.

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Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) are increasingly being used and are required to satisfy noise and vibration specifications. Thus, it is necessary to develop design guidelines for electric motors that consider vibration response as a key output of the design. This work shows the influence of the main design parameters regarding PMSMs: the number of slots and the number of poles. First, the influence of the number of slots in the natural frequencies is analysed by Finite Element calculations, which are experimentally verified. Then, the analytical calculation of the vibration response is explained. This is applied for several combinations of the number of slots and the number of poles, and the results are compared. Considering the analytical development, a procedure to choose the most adequate combination of the number of slots and poles is proposed. The analytical predictions are validated according to experimental measurements in two machines.

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Lee, Young-Keun, Tae-Kyoung Bang, Seong-Tae Jo, Hoon-Ki Lee, Yong-Joo Kim, Sung-Ho Lee, Min-Seok Kim, and Jang-Young Choi. "A study on the shaft stability and prediction of electromagnetic and NVH characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous machine according to the different pole/slot combination." AIP Advances 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 025121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/9.0000447.

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In this study, electromagnetic noise sources of permanent magnet synchronous motors with 8-pole 9-slot and 12-slot fractional slot concentrated windings were analyzed through finite element analysis, and the radiated noise/vibration levels were compared through structural-acoustic analysis. In addition, the stability of the rotational shaft generated vibration was analyzed. Electromagnetic noise sources are classified into cogging torque, torque ripple, and unbalanced magnetic force. The effect of electromagnetic noise sources on vibration/noise was analyzed in the frequency domain through the electromagnetic-mechanical coupling analysis. The noise level was compared to the electromagnetic noise source characteristics for each frequency using the waterfall diagram, and additional vibration due to mechanical resonance was analyzed using critical speed analysis while taking the rotor's bearing stiffness into account.

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Peng, Bo, Xiuhe Wang, Wenliang Zhao, and Jie Ren. "Study on Shaft Voltage in Fractional Slot Permanent Magnet Machine With Different Pole and Slot Number Combinations." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 55, no. 6 (June 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2019.2898566.

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Zhang, Jiaxu, Bingyi Zhang, and Guihong Feng. "Influence of Pole and Slot Combination on Torque Characteristics and Radial Force of Fractional Slot Permanent Magnet Machines." IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering 16, no. 8 (June 14, 2021): 1055–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tee.23402.

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Kim, Hong-seok, Jung-woo Kwon, and Byung-il Kwon. "Investigation of slot-pole combinations on IPM BLDC motor considering magnetization direction." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 59, no. 3 (March 21, 2019): 865–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-171126.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Slot-pole combinatio'

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