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Journal articles on the topic 'Slimes'

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Published: 8 June 2024

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1

İsmail Tosun, Yıldırım, and Fethullah Chichek. "CARRIER FLOTATION BY CHAR SLIME - WASHING OF ŞIRNAK ASPHALTITE SLIMES." Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences 9, no. 20 (March 25, 2022): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.38065/euroasiaorg.929.

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Şırnak asphaltite slime below 200 micron size is processed. The clean coal products of the column flotation are received with mid-products and shale settlements in the modified column cell in the baffled form. The use of hydrocyclone, agglomerate thickener and wash decantation has been a suitable potential method after the driven and internal loop column flotation. With this method, ultrafine sized oily sludges with high efficiency and low solid rate coal washing are provided. It also enabled highly efficient wastewater treatment as a result of separating the oil with czar foam. Therefore, the method applied in this study can be designed as an optimum wastewater treatment technology for the treatment of oily wastewater in the oil and drilling industry. The aeration process in internal loop column flotation with air jet is widely used in lake water treatment and fresh water treatment. In this study, internal loop carrier column flotation, hydrocyclone overflows and agglomeration process are optimized for coal washing and environmental wastewater treatment. The ash and sulfur contents decreased to a level of 48% ash reduction and a 34% sulphur reduction

2

Kolesnikov, Alexandr, and Alexandr Belkin. "USE OF THE PROCESSED GALVANIC SLIMES AS ONE OF THE RECYCLING OF TECHNOLOGIES." Биосферная совместимость: человек, регион, технологии, no. 1(25) (April 1, 2019): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/23-11-1518-2019-25-1-54-62.

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The analysis of a situation in the sphere of galvanic production recycling is presented in work. Galvanic production is one of the most dangerous sources of environmental pollution. Mainly superficial and under-ground sources are soiled. It occurs because of the large volume of the sewage containing harmful impurity of heavy metals, inorganic acids and alkalis, surfactants and other highly toxic connections and solid waste is formed. Especially because a reagent way of the sewage containing heavy metals in a slightly soluble form. Assessment of harm of chemical components of galvanic slimes is presented. The possibility of slimes processing by hardening in concrete mix as a part of paving slabs is considered. The paving slabs with use of slimes as the painting pigment is offered. The order of carrying out tests for definition of galvanic slimes safety using for production of construc-tion materials (paving slabs) is given. Influence of slimes introduction on mechanical properties of products is shown. The dependence of products color on amount by the entered galvanic slime and possibility of color schemes correction are shown.

3

Lima, Neymayer Pereira, Klaydison Silva, Thiago Souza, and Lev Filippov. "The Characteristics of Iron Ore Slimes and Their Influence on The Flotation Process." Minerals 10, no. 8 (July 30, 2020): 675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10080675.

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The flotation has been successfully applied to process the iron ore for the particle size (Ps) from 10 µm up to 150 µm. The presence of the slimes (Ps < 10 µm) is harmful on the reverse flotation of quartz, so they are usually prior removed by hydrocyclones. The main effects of the presence of slimes on the flotation are related to the increase on reagents consumption, the froth stability, and decrease on the selectivity. The lower floatability of coarse quartz particles (+74 µm) combined with the presence of slimes, even in small quantities, drastically affect the flotation response. This paper shows a study of characterization of a typical iron ore slime, aiming to create a better understanding of its role on the concentration by flotation. The main characteristics of typical slimes from the Iron Ore Quadrangle in Brazil are the presence of almost 70% of hematite, 25% of quartz, and 5% of kaolinite, as the main silicates gangue minerals. Furthermore, the particle size distribution revealed that 80% of the hematite and the kaolinite are below 20 µm. The affinity between the ultrafine kaolinite of the slimes with the corn starch is harmful to the reverse flotation of quartz, as the starch has an important depressing action over the hematite. The presence of 20% of hematite −20 µm decreased the recovery to the froth of quartz + 74 µm from 97% to 62%, where the slimes coating seems to be the main responsible.

4

Malayoglu, Ufuk, and Safak Gokhan Ozkan. "Effects of Ultrasound on Desliming Prior to Feldspar Flotation." Minerals 9, no. 12 (December 13, 2019): 784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9120784.

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In this study, the effects of ultrasound on removal of impurities from raw feldspar were investigated by testing with a newly developed flotation cell with various frequency and power intensities prior to multistage feldspar flotation. Particularly, the quality of feldspar concentrates, the volume of removed slimes and the content of impurities were taken into account to reveal the impacts. Two representative feldspar ore samples taken from the Milas-Mugla region in Turkey were separately tested for desliming and flotation by conventional and ultrasonic methods under similar conditions and the results were compared to each other in terms of the quantity and the quality of the removed slimes and the final feldspar flotation concentrate. As a result, during desliming stage by using ultrasound, the volume of removed slimes was reduced by approximately 45% when compared to the conventional slime removal methods. Moreover, the impurity contents were doubled inside slimes when ultrasound was used. These outcomes lead to significant success in terms of reducing losses during the desliming stage and production of high quality feldspar concentrates by froth flotation assisted by ultrasound.

5

Bulatov, K. V., G. I. Gazaleeva, N. A. Sopina, and A. A. Mushketov. "Elaboration and implementation technology of concentration of Magnitogorsk steel-works slime tailings." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 77, no. 5 (May 26, 2021): 602–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2021-5-602-609.

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The problems of processing iron ore tailings of wet concentration plants and wastes with high content of iron, contaminated by oil products are actual from both points of view of ecology and economy. One of the reasons restraining solving the problem is absence of technologies ensuring to involve such wastes into industrial turnover. In the process` of the research, composition and opening degree of ore and non-metallic minerals of concentration slime tailing of Magnitogorsk steel-works (MMK) were studied and technology of their concentration was elaborated. Taking into consideration the contamination of initial slime tailings of MMK, it was proposed to accomplish their preliminary de-sliming to remove vegetable remains and clay slimes by disintegration in a screw-toothed crusher and washing in a spiral classifier. Results of wet magnetic separation (WMS) of the initial slime tailings of MMK, made at JSC “Uralmekhanobr” presented, the slimes having natural coarseness of –2.0+0.0 mm. It was established that WMS at the magnetic field intensity of 1500 Oe ensures effective removal of magnetite, aggregates magnetite-hematite-goetite into magnetic product. Iron content in the magnetite concentrate was varying from 61.5 to 62.6%. For processing of slime tailings of MMK, magnetic separation was proposed by high-gradient magnetic separator with permanent magnets, created specially for these purposes by “ERGA” company. To increase iron extraction degree, it was proposed to apply gravitation methods of concentration of nonmagnetic product, obtained at high-gradient WMS. It enabled to increase iron content in the final magnetite-hematite concentrate up to 59%. A technological diagram of oiled slimes processing presented. Tests with oiled slimes of bottom deposits of metallurgical production under pilot-industrial conditions of MMK exhibited a possibility to obtain additional iron concentrate with total iron content of 62.47% while oil content in it was less 0.3%.

6

Xiong, Tao, Xiangjun Ren, Meifang Xie, Yuhuan Rao, Yongjun Peng, and Luzheng Chen. "Recovery of Ultra-Fine Tungsten and Tin from Slimes Using Large-Scale SLon-2400 Centrifugal Separator." Minerals 10, no. 8 (August 5, 2020): 694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10080694.

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China is very rich in tungsten and tin resources, but most of them are finely disseminated with gangues, and thus, fine grinding is required for effective separation, which results in the abundant production of ultra-fine tungsten and tin values into slimes and tailings. The SLon centrifugal separator is highly effective in recovering ultra-fine heavy particles, because it operates on the centrifugal acceleration of particles in the flowing film of a few millimeters thick. The recovery of ultra-fine tungsten minerals from a slime assaying 0.22% WO3, in which 81.85% distributed in −40 µm fraction, was investigated using large-scale SLon-2400 centrifugal separator. Under optimized operating conditions, it produced a primary tungsten concentrate assaying 1.65% WO3 at a high recovery of 77.83%. Moreover, it produced a primary tin concentrate assaying 1.56% Sn at a high recovery of 79.85% from a tin slime assaying 0.27% Sn, in which 74.78% Sn was distributed in −40 µm fraction; then, followed by the flotation cleaning process, a final tin concentrate assaying 16.23% Sn with 66.7% recovery was produced. It was particularly noted that in this large-scale centrifugal separator, the three-conical separation drum stuck with abrasion-resistant ceramic slices on its inner surface played a key role for achieving high constant separation performance. It was concluded that the SLon centrifugal separator has important application prospects for high-efficient recovery of ultra-fine heavy minerals from slimes and tailings.

7

Han, Chulwoong, Young-Min Kim, Seong Ho Son, Hanshin Choi, Tae Bum Kim, and Yong Hwan Kim. "Recovery Of Valuable Metals In Tin-Based Anodic Slimes By Carbothermic Reaction." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 1213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0100.

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Abstract This study investigated the recovery of anodic slimes by carbothermic reaction in the temperature range of 973~1,273K and amount of carbon as a function of time. Tin anodic slime samples were collected from the bottom of the electrolytic cells during the electro-refining of tin. The anodic slimes are consisted of high concentrated tin, silver, copper and lead oxides. The kinetics of reduction were determined by means of the weight-loss measurement technique. In order to understand in detail of carbothermic reaction, thermodynamic calculation was carried out and compared with experiments. From thermodynamic calculation and experiment, it was confirmed that Sn-based anodic slime could be reduced by controlling temperature and amount of carbon. However, any tendency between the reduction temperature and carbon content for the reduction reaction was not observed.

8

Oh, Suho, and Jina Park. "Necklaces and slimes." Discrete Mathematics 343, no. 8 (August 2020): 111847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.disc.2020.111847.

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9

Tatiana Nadryhailo, Viktor Vernyhora, and Angelika Kosenko. "THE PROCESS OF SEDIMENTATION OF SOLID PARTICLES OF THE GRINDING SLUDGE." World Science 1, no. 12(40) (December 30, 2018): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30122018/6262.

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Thousands of tons of grinding slimes are formed every month at the mechanical engineering enterprises (especially at bearing plants) and metallurgy ones, which are processing metals. Slimes are practically not processed at present, but exported to special landfills or dumps, worsening the environment. Slimes of abrasive metal processing can be a raw material base for powder metallurgy, as they contain 60-80% of metal particles. It is necessary to carry out the solid particles separation by density process at the slimes washing stage to increase the homogeneity of metal powder, which is extracted from grinding slimes of abrasive metal processing. The fluid flow consumption through the vertical nozzles, which allow keeping solid particles in a suspended state, is determined in this work on the basis of theoretical studies of the solid particles deposition process of grinding slimes.

10

Ipinza, J., J. P. Ibáñez, F. Vergara, and A. Pagliero. "Anodic slimes formation in copper electrowinning." Revista de Metalurgia 40, no. 1 (February 28, 2004): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.2004.v40.i1.238.

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11

Kutliyarov, D. N., and A. N. Kutliyarov. "PURIFICATION OF OIL SLIMES." VESTNIK OF THE BASHKIR STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY 38, no. 2 (June 14, 2016): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31563/1684-7628-2016-38-2-77-80.

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12

Rocha, L., R. Z. L. Cançado, and A. E. C. Peres. "Iron ore slimes flotation." Minerals Engineering 23, no. 11-13 (October 2010): 842–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2010.03.009.

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13

Chen, T. T., and J. E. Dutrizac. "Mineralogical Characterization of Anode Slimes: Part 10. Tellurium in Raw Anode Slimes." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 35, no. 4 (October 1996): 337–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/cmq.1996.35.4.337.

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14

Agapova, L. Ya, S. K. Kilibayeva, and A. N. Zagorodnyaya. "Electrochemical Processing of Metal Wastes of Rhenium-Containing Heat-Resistant Nickel Alloys." Solid State Phenomena 316 (April 2021): 631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.316.631.

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The paper presents the results of studies of electrochemical processing of large pieces of metal wastes of rhenium-containing heat-resistant nickel alloys (HRNA) with subsequent processing of the products of electrolysis. It shows the possibility of electrochemical processing of large (up to 2 kg) scrap pieces, without preliminary grinding, in sulfuric acid solution with nitric acid addition, under the current density of 500-1000 A/m2, with a temperature of 30-40о С. Up to 80-90% of rhenium and over 90% of nickel, cobalt, chrome and aluminum can be converted into the solution. Tungsten, tantalum and hafnium remain in the anode slime almost completely. Rhenium, nickel and cobalt remaining in the anode slime can be transferred to the solution, when the slime is chemically processed in sulfuric acid solution with nitric acid addition. The cake remaining after chemical decomposition of anode slimes represents a concentrate of refractory rare metals, containing up to 42% W; 18% Ta; 4% Hf. Rhenium is extracted from the combined solutions from anodic decomposition of HRNA wastes, and chemical dissolution of anode slimes, by the known extraction method in the form of the crude ammonium perrhenate (68,9 mас. % Re). After rhenium extraction the raffinate contains considerable quantities of nickel and cobalt, which can be precipitated by the alkali solution in the form of hydroxides to the nickel-cobalt concentrate, containing 31.5% Ni and 4.8% Co.

15

Wang, Ji Hua, and Chun Hong Zhao. "Study on the Bauxite Slimes Engineering Characteristics of Pingguo Alumina Industry Company." Applied Mechanics and Materials 641-642 (September 2014): 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.641-642.441.

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To study the slimes engineering properties of Pingguo Alumina Industry Company bauxite tailings that accumulated under natural conditions, Site test and laboratory test are used. Test results show that the oxide of the bauxite are alumina, silicon dioxide, ferric oxide; the mineral composition are mainly kaolinite, hydrogarnet and hematite; the grain of the slimes are silt and clay with a small amount of sand; the microscopic structure of bauxite is "super impracticable structure"; the total pore volume is 0.441ml/g; the total pore surface area is 6.747m2/g; the specific surface area of the grain is 131.53m2/g; the main ion exchange is K+ and the exchange capacity is 0.26-0.32mg/g; the average coefficient of permeability is 3.05×10-6cm/se; the average moisture content is 130.3%; the average limit of liquidity is 57.1%; the average coefficient of compressibility is 0.79; the avera-ge cohesion is 23kPa; the average internal friction angle is 10.2°, so the slimes is high liquid limit, high compression and low shear strength soil; the water holding capacity of the slimes is 79~93%; the slurry concentration which had stacked more than 18 months is 49.92%, so the slimes is slurry.

16

GRAY, N. F. "HETEROTROPHIC SLIMES IN FLOWING WATERS." Biological Reviews 60, no. 4 (November 1985): 499–548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185x.1985.tb00621.x.

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17

Gray, N. F., and Christine A. Hunter. "Heterotrophic slimes in Irish rivers." Water Research 19, no. 6 (January 1985): 685–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(85)90113-7.

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18

Chen, T. T., and J. E. Dutrizac. "Mineralogical Characterization of Anode Slimes: Part 8—“Silica” in Copper Anodes and Anode Slimes." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 30, no. 3 (July 1991): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/cmq.1991.30.3.173.

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19

Bretas, Pedro Lopes, Otávia Martins Silva Rodrigues, and José Aurélio Medeiros da Luz. "Selective flocculation and floc-flotation of iron bearing mineral slimes." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 5 (April 12, 2022): e45011528289. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i5.28289.

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The mineral processing of friable iron ores usually generates ultrafine (smaller than 15 µm) particles, normally called slimes, which usually have a high iron grade and are usually disposed into tailings dam. The traditional mineral process techniques for iron ore do not work efficiently with ultrafines; however, selective flocculation is an alternative to concentrate that fraction. The physical-chemical treatment of iron ore slime was studied here, on a bench scale, based on the scientific foundations of selective flocculation and flotation. Samples of slimes from two Brazilian iron ore processing plants (CEII and VGII) and industrial process waters were used in the tests. Complexometric titration of calcium and magnesium indicated that the process waters were adequate for selective flocculation. Only selective flocculation, even under optimum conditions, did not achieve good results. However, its use prior to flotation led to promising results. The VGII sample has stood out, for which the final concentrate achieved 60.1 % of Fe, the mass recovery was 64.5 % and 13.5 % of Fe in the tailing, resulting selectivity index of 6.58, only with one stage of selective flocculation and one stage of flotation.

20

Chen, T. T., and J. E. Dutrizac. "Mineralogical Characterization of Anode Slimes—III. Sulphation Reactor Slimes from Inca's Copper Cliff Copper Refinery." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 27, no. 2 (April 1988): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/cmq.1988.27.2.107.

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21

Chen, T. T., and J. E. Dutrizac. "Mineralogical Characterization of Anode Slimes—II. Raw Anode Slimes from Inco's Copper Cliff Copper Refinery." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 27, no. 2 (April 1988): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/cmq.1988.27.2.97.

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22

Melo, Evelyn, María-Cecilia Hernández, Oscar Benavente, and Víctor Quezada. "Selenium Dissolution from Decopperized Anode Slimes in ClO−/OH− Media." Minerals 12, no. 10 (September 28, 2022): 1228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12101228.

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About 90% of selenium is obtained from treating copper anode slimes, which are a by-product of copper electrorefining. Selenium has been traditionally obtained by the pyrometallurgic treatment of anode slimes, which has been effective in recovery. However, in pyrometallurgical processes, there are increasingly strict environmental regulations. Hydrometallurgical treatments have been proposed to totally or partially replace conventional methods, some of which are in the developmental stage, while others are being used at the industrial scale. The selenium present in anode slimes is in the form of silver and copper selenides. This article proposes a hydrometallurgy alternative to recover selenium from decopperized anode slimes generated by a copper electrorefining plant in Chile by an alkaline-oxidizing leaching media (ClO−/OH−). The Taguchi experimental design was used to assess the effects of temperature, reagent concentration, and pH over time. The results indicated that the optimal selenium dissolution of 90% was achieved at pH 11.5, 45 °C, and 0.54 M of ClO−. According to the SEM/EDX characterization of the solid leaching residue, the undissolved percentage of selenium is due to the generation of a layer of AgCl around the selenium particles that hinders the effective diffusion of the reagent.

23

Castro, Elias Fonseca, and Antonio Eduardo Clark Peres. "Production of pellet feed from slimes." Rem: Revista Escola de Minas 66, no. 3 (September 2013): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0370-44672013000300018.

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The recovery of iron bearing minerals from the reject products of the beneficiation of iron ores is a challenge concerning the sustainability of the preliminary stage of iron and steel making. This investigation addressed the production of iron ore concentrate within the specifications of Samarco's pellet feed from a representative sample of the concentrator I desliming cyclone's (101.6 mm, 4") overflow. The experiments included stages of microdesliming and flotation. The developed microdesliming method was efficient and the concentrate produced via cationic reverse flotation presented silica content compatible with pellet feed requirements.

24

Sivamohan, R., and E. Forssberg. "Recovery of heavy minerals from slimes." International Journal of Mineral Processing 15, no. 4 (November 1985): 297–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-7516(85)90047-x.

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25

Hyvärinen, Olli, Leo Lindroos, and Erkki Yllö. "Recovering selenium from copper refinery slimes." JOM 41, no. 7 (July 1989): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03220271.

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26

Scott, J. D. "Electrometallurgy of copper refinery anode slimes." Metallurgical Transactions B 21, no. 4 (August 1990): 629–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02654241.

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27

Anazia, I., and M. Misra. "Enzymatic dewatering of Florida phosphate slimes." Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 6, no. 2 (May 1989): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03402534.

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28

Petkova, E. N. "Microscopic examination of copper electrorefining slimes." Hydrometallurgy 24, no. 3 (January 1990): 351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-386x(90)90098-m.

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29

Ludvigsson, Bjorn M., and Stig R. Larsson. "Anode slimes treatment: The boliden experience." JOM 55, no. 4 (April 2003): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-003-0087-x.

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30

Chatterjee, B. "Electrowinning of gold from anode slimes." Materials Chemistry and Physics 45, no. 1 (July 1996): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0254-0584(96)80043-5.

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31

Chen, T. T., and J. E. Dutrizac. "Mineralogical Characterization of Anode Slimes—9. The Reaction of Kidd Creek Anode Slimes with Various Lixiviants." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 32, no. 4 (October 1993): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/cmq.1993.32.4.267.

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32

Rudnik, Ewa, Iwona Dobosz, Krzysztof Fitzner, and Zbigniew Miazga. "Hydrometallurgical Treatment of Smelted Low-Grade WEEE in Ammoniacal Solutions." Key Engineering Materials 682 (February 2016): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.682.293.

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Hydrometallurgical routes of copper recovery from smelted low-grade e-waste are presented. Electronic scrap was smelted to produce Cu–Zn–Ag-Sn alloys of various phase compositions. The alloys were then treated in the following ways: (a) anodic dissolution with simultaneous metal electrodeposition using ammoniacal solutions with various ammonium salts (chloride, carbonate, sulfate). This resulted in the separation of metals, where lead, silver and tin accumulated mainly in the slimes, while copper was transferred to the slime, electrolyte and then recovered on the cathode. (b) leaching in ammoniacal solutions of various compositions and then copper electrowinning. Alloy was leached in chloride, carbonate, sulfate and thiosulfate baths. This resulted in the separation of the metals, wherein copper and zinc were transferred to the electrolyte, while metallic tin and silver as well as lead remained in the slimes. Copper was selectively recovered from the ammoniacal solutions by the electrolysis, leaving zinc ions in the electrolyte. The best conditions of the alloy treatment were obtained, where the final product was copper of high purity (99.9%) at the current efficiency of 60%. Thiosulfate solution was not applicable for the leaching of the copper alloy due to secondary reactions of the formation of copper(I) thiosulfate complexes and precipitation of copper(I) sulfide.

33

Lobanov, V. G., K. D. Naumov, and A. A. Korolev. "Theory of Copper-Electrolyte Slimes Decoppering in the Presence of Hydrogen Peroxide." Materials Science Forum 946 (February 2019): 585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.585.

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The problem of copper leaching from copper-electrolyte slimes is discussed. To intensify the long and costly process, it is proposed to use a leaching system containing sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent. The chemical transformations possible variants at the treatment of slime under the specified conditions and the thermodynamic parameters of the predicted reactions are considered. Solution composition effect on the copper dissolution rate at room temperature was studied in the presence of hydrogen peroxide using the rotating disc technique. It is found that dissolution rate constant at using hydrogen peroxide slightly inferior to dissolution rate constant under autoclaved conditions in an oxygen atmosphere.

34

Lan, Zhuo Yue, Yong Cheng Zhou, and Xiong Tong. "Recovery of Fine Cassiterite from Tin Tailings Slime by Froth Flotation." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3478–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3478.

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Tin gravity slime tailings of Datun mineral processing plant in south-eastern China contains fine and ultrafine cassiterite. Tin recovery from the slime tailings was studies in the presence of different flotation reagents. A flotation process has been used on a laboratory scale to investigate the effect of various reagents such as collectors, auxiliary collector, activators, ect., and theirs dosages in neutral flotation environment. To reach an optimum tin recovery, different dosages of the reagents were also studied. Due to cassiterite is friable and a large amount of fines and slimes were generated. Usually de-sliming is used to prevent slime coating and to increase the recovery of tin. However, analyses have shown that fine particles in the sample mostly contain tin, thus de-sliming was not suggested. By applying the process, ultrafine cassiterite can be efficiently recovered from the tailings slime by one rougher process, and the concentrate assaying 1.20% Sn with a recovery of 89.10% was obtained.

35

Chen, T. T., and J. E. Dutrizac. "Mineralogical Characterization of Anode Slimes—IV. Copper-Nickel-Antimony Oxide (“Kupferglimmer”) in CCR Anodes and Anode Slimes." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 28, no. 2 (April 1989): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/cmq.1989.28.2.127.

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36

P. Lima, Neymayer, Antonio E. C. Peres, and Michelle L. S. Marques. "Effect of Slimes on Iron Ores Flotation." International Journal of Mining Engineering and Mineral Processing 1, no. 2 (August 31, 2012): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5923/j.mining.20120102.04.

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Aydin, Hasan, and Güler Somer. "Titrimetric determination of selenium in anodic slimes." Talanta 36, no. 7 (July 1989): 723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(89)80139-0.

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Chen, T. T., and J. E. Dutrizac. "Mineralogical Characterization of Anode Slimes: Part 7—Copper Anodes and Anode Slimes From the Chuquicamata Division of Codelco–Chile." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 30, no. 2 (April 1991): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/cmq.1991.30.2.95.

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