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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sleep'
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Sahlin, Carin. "Sleep apnea and sleep : diagnostic aspects." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-18959.
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Eugene, Nicole Christina. "POTENT SLEEP: THE CULTURAL POLITICS OF SLEEP." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1151208257.
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Altaf, Quratul-ain. "Sleep in patients with type 2 diabetes : the impact of sleep apnoea, sleep duration, and sleep quality on clinical outcomes." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8270/.
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Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) and sleep-related disorders share common risk factors such as obesity; but the interrelationships between T2DM and sleep disorders are not well examined. Aims: In this thesis I aimed to assess: 1. The longitudinal impact of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) on micro vascular complications in patient with T2DM. 2. The relationship between sleep quality, sleep duration and adiposity in patients with T2DM Methods: To examine the first aim, I utilized the data collected from a previous project that examined the cross-sectional associations between OSA and micro vascular complications in patients with T2DM and followed up the study participants longitudinally using 1-2-1 interviews and electronic health records. For aim 2, I conducted a crosssectional study in patients with young-onset T2DM who were recruited from Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust and primary care. Result: For Aim 1: Depending on the micro vascular outcome examined, we had approximately 200 patients in the analysis. Patients were followed up for 2.5 years for renal outcomes, and 4-4.5 years for retinopathy and neuropathy outcomes. The prevalence of OSA was 63%. I found that baseline OSA was significantly associated with greater decline of eGFR and greater progression to pre-proliferative and proliferative retinopathy. I also found that OSA was associated with progression to a combined outcome of foot insensitivity or diabetic foot ulceration but this was a non-significant trend (p=0.06). In addition, I found that patients who received and were compliant with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment (delivered during routine care) had improvements in heart rate variability parameters by study end. For Aim 2: Poor sleep quality and shorter sleep duration were associated with increased total body fat% after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusion: I found that OSA plays an important role in the progression of micro vascular complications in patients with T2DM. Whether treatment with CPAP has a favourable impact on micro vascular complications is currently being examined in a randomized controlled trial. I also found that sleep duration and quality are associated with increased adiposity. The direction of this relationship need to be examined in longitudinal studies and interventional trials.
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Žakevičius, Martynas. "Sleep and the sense of rest: relation between sleep fragmentation and subjective sleep quality." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20121001_093350-31580.
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Sleep disorders are one of the most common medical complaints today. There is a growing interest in sleep medicine, attitude of doctors and society is changing and knowledge about sleep and its disorders is increasing. One of the most tedious and understudied sleep problems is non-restorative sleep.
Researchers are still debating about what determines persons rest sense after the sleep. A lot of attention recently is paid for sleep integrity and a role of sleep fragmentation for the rest sense. It is thought that sleep fragmentation with short arousals could have effect on the sleeps restorative function.
The aim of our study was to analyze sleep structure and sleep quality through sleep cycles, phases and stages and to evaluate structure’s relationship with subjective sense of rest after the sleep without paying attention to the type of insomnia. We have analysed three types of arousals (behavioural, vegetative and microarousals) and their dynamics during the night, in different sleep cycles and stages. Subjective sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index.
Work results showed that for the subjective sense of rest after the sleep it is more important the stability of sleep in the initial than in the last sleep cycles. Sleep stage and arousal type regardless of sleep cycle are significant factors for the arousal index values and that increase of all arousal indices in NREM 2 stage (especially increase of microarousal index) has strongest impact for... [to full text]Miego sutrikimai yra vienas labiausiai paplitusių nūdienos medicininių nusiskundimų. Paskutiniu metu miego medicina domimasi vis labiau, keičiasi gydytojų ir visuomenės supratimas apie miegą, jo sutrikimus, ligas ir negalavimus, susijusius su miegu. Vienas iš svarbesnių ir labai varginančių sutrikimų yra miegas be poilsio jausmo. Mokslininkai iki šiol diskutuoja, kas lemia poilsio jausmą po miego. Pastaruoju metu nemažai dėmesio skiriama miego vientisumo ir suskaldymo reikšmės poilsio jausmui tyrimams. Manoma, kad miego fragmentacija – miego suskaidymas dažnais trumpais nubudimais – mažina jo atstatomąją vertę, ypač smegenims. Pagrindinis darbo tikslas buvo išnagrinėti miego struktūrą ir kokybę per miego ciklus, fazes ir stadijas bei įvertinti miego struktūros ryšį su poilsio jausmu po miego nepriklausomai nuo nemigos tipo. Buvo nagrinėjami trijų tipų – elgesiniai, vegetaciniai ir žieviniai mikro – nubudimai ir jų dinamika nakties metu, skirtinguose miego cikluose ir stadijose. Subjektyviai vertinama miego kokybė buvo analizuojama pasitelkus Pitsburgo miego kokybės indeksą. Darbo rezultatai parodė, kad miego stabilumas nakties pradžioje turi didesnę įtaką subjektyviam miego kokybės jausmui negu miegas nakties pabaigoje. Nubudimų indekso dydžiui reikšmingos įtakos turi miego stadija ir nubudimo tipas, nepriklausomai nuo miego ciklo, o didžiausią įtaką poilsio jausmui turi visų tipų nubudimų, ypač žievinių mikronubudimų, indeksų padidėjimas antroje lėtojo miego stadijoje.
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Alkhanaizi, Walaa(Walaa M. ). "Fascia : a sleep mask for conducting sleep studies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/130196.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, May, 2020Cataloged from student-submitted PDF of thesis. Date of graduation confirmed by MIT Registrar Office. "May 2020."
Includes bibliographical references (pages 51-53).
In this thesis, I discuss the importance of sleep and therefore the study of sleep. I highlight limitations with existing methodologies to conduct sleep studies and collect sleep data, and present a solution to overcome current limitations by providing better mechanisms for sensing during sleep in the wild. This document details the thought process of every aspect of design and development of the progress made on the project so far. First, I present the motivation for the project and provide general background. Second, I discuss the physiological signals that sleep studies monitor and their relationship to sleep. If the reader is familiar with these physiological signals and how they are relevant to sleep studies, they should feel free to skip that section. Next, I provide an overview of some existing alternatives in the market and discuss why they do not satisfy the purpose of in-the-wild sleep studies. Next, I detail the design of the device, physically and on the system level. Then, I go into a detailed description of the components of the device in hardware, firmware, and software. I include a brief description of some of the efforts made in the code to make it easier to debug while developing. Lastly, I discuss what work was completed, and what work remains to be done. I close with a full list of the tasks remaining and some implementation concerns. There is a glossary near the end of the document of terms and acronyms I use throughout the thesis. Feel free to consult it should any confusion arise regarding the meaning of words used. The document ends with a list of appendices starting with a complete usage guide for the system in its current state. The other appendices include copies of all the firmware and software code, and circuit and PCB designs.
by Walaa Alkhanaizi.
M. Eng.
M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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Dhand, Neal. "Sleep shift /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/9881.
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Aeschbach, Daniel. "Dynamics of the human sleep electroencephalogram : effects of hypnotics, sleep deprivation, and habitual sleep length /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1995. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=11177.
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Sethi, Kevin J. "A Comparison of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, a New Sleep Questionnaire, and Sleep Diaries." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc177254/.
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Self-report retrospective estimates of sleep behaviors are not as accurate as prospective estimates from sleep diaries, but are more practical for epidemiological studies. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the validity of retrospective measures and improve upon them. The current study compared sleep diaries to two self-report retrospective measures of sleep, the commonly used Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and a newly developed sleep questionnaire (SQ), which assessed weekday and weekend sleep separately. It was hypothesized that the new measure would be more accurate than the PSQI because it accounts for variability in sleep throughout the week. The relative accuracy of the PSQI and SQ in obtaining estimates of total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE), and sleep onset latency (SOL) was examined by comparing their mean differences from, and correlations with, estimates obtained by the sleep diaries. Correlations of the PSQI and SQ with the sleep diaries were moderate, with the SQ having significantly stronger correlations on the parameters of TST, SE, and sleep quality ratings. The SQ also had significantly smaller mean differences from sleep diaries on SOL and SE. The overall pattern of results indicated that the SQ performs better than the PSQI when compared to sleep diaries.
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Reyner, Louise Ann. "Sleep, sleep disturbance and daytime sleepiness in normal subjects." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1995. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27108.
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The concept of sleep disturbance is rather vague. Many people claim to suffer from sleep disturbance, but yet find it hard to describe exactly what they mean by the label in subjective terms. Sleep researchers have a similar problem, it is difficult to describe what is meant by sleep disturbance either in an objective or a subjective way, and harder still to relate sleep disturbance to sleepiness shown the following day.
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HAFEZI, AUTRI NICOLE. "SLEEP REACTIVITY AND PARASYMPATHETIC CONTROL WHEN RETURNING TO SLEEP." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612960.
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Insomnia is among the most common health problems and is associated with lower parasympathetic control. Sleep reactivity is associated with development of chronic insomnia. The purpose of this study was to examine whether sleep reactivity is associated with parasympathetic control in response to a sleep-relevant stressor. Parasympathetic control was operationalized using respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). Sleep reactivity was operationalized as a score of 14 or higher on the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST). Participants were 33 healthy young adults required to adhere to a fixed eight-hour sleep schedule for three nights before an in-laboratory sleep study. Physiological signals were recorded for two five-minute baseline periods of resting wakefulness prior to lights out. Participants were woken after the first five minutes of contiguous N2 sleep in the third NREM period and kept awake for 15 minutes, then allowed to return to sleep. In a multiple linear regression, the interaction between baseline RSA and sleep reactivity predicted RSA when returning to sleep. Individuals with high sleep reactivity had relatively low parasympathetic control when returning to sleep. People with high sleep reactivity may benefit from interventions to increase parasympathetic control during awakenings from sleep.
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Videan, Elaine Nichole. "SLEEP AND SLEEP-RELATED BEHAVIORS IN CHIMPANZEE (PAN TROGLODYTES)." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1114709943.
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Dietch, Jessica R. "Sleep Duration, Sleep Insufficiency, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc799484/.
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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Chronic short sleep duration is also a significant public health problem and has been linked to several markers and outcomes of cardiovascular disease. To date, inconsistency of assessments of sleep duration and insufficiency, use of covariates, and cardiovascular disease measurement across studies limits strong conclusions about the relationship between sleep duration, sleep insufficiency, and cardiovascular disease. The current study examined the association between sleep duration, sleep insufficiency, and a marker of preclinical coronary heart disease (i.e., carotid intima-media thickness) in a community sample using a cross-sectional design. Some evidence for a relationship between sleep duration and cIMT was found, with longer sleep duration predicting higher cIMT in some segments. Additionally, the interaction between sleep duration and sleep insufficiency was significant. However, neither of these effects were significant after adjusting for age and in some cases race/ethnicity, suggesting demographics may explain this association. Actigraphy and sleep diary duration assessments demonstrated significantly different correlations with cIMT in some segments, suggesting the nature of the assessment method may impact the strength or direction of the relationship between sleep duration and cIMT. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
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Watanabe, Tomoya. "Dickens and Sleep." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/193558.
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Ekstedt, Mirjam. "Burnout and sleep /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-466-X/.
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Hayes, Helen. "Melatonin and sleep /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SPS/09spsh417.pdf.
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Levy, Patrick Simon Moffett. "Phenomenology and sleep." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/65659/.
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This thesis identifies, in Nancy's The Fall of Sleep, a crucial critique of phenomenology. A criticism that demarcates, or limits, phenomenology in declaring: “There is no phenomenology of sleep”. Taking-up this challenge, we consider a number of ways that phenomenologists have, and could, approach sleep. Our thesis, however, does not simply offer possible responses to the problem but also finds, in these answers, important insights into the essence of the charge itself. Sleep and phenomenology are found to be mutually de-limiting – each binds the other, whilst offering foundational insights into its counterpart. Fundamentally, we bring phenomenologies of sleep, as opposed to simply phenomenology, into dialogue with this, Nancean, critique of phenomenology and with Nancy's account of sleep itself. We describe the distinctly different slumbering interpretations of sleep present, and conspicuously absent, in the work of: Husserl, Heidegger, and Levinas. Part I, after initially elaborating the challenge, presents a direct Husserlian counter, via a recent reconstituting of Husserl's late notes on sleep. The strengths and weaknesses of this phenomenological investigation sharpens the problem of sleep and leads us to pull back from consciousness-centred accounts. Part II, in contrast, develops our own hypothetical Heideggerian answer. This Part, the longest, uses Heidegger's existential and comparative analytics to ask ‘Does Dasein sleep?' This question reveals internal ambiguities of sleep – positioned between existence, life, and death. Part III withdraws from Heideggerian thinking through Levinas's incisive, and early, interpretation of sleep. This Levinasian retracting opens the possibility of returning to Nancy's challenge and corresponding description of sleep. Now this radical account is located in relation to, and in communication with, the somnological-phenomenological findings we have awakened in our thesis. The thesis ends by indicating a possible, future, return back from sleep to phenomenology – a dream, still hazy from sleep, of a somnolent phenomenology.
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Huyton, Clare Louise. "Sleep dependent learning." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10315/.
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Research evidence has indicated an important role for sleep in processes of learning and memory. Evidence has shown that a night of sleep in adults can lead to procedural task performance improvements that are not matched during similar periods awake. This thesis further examines the relationship between sleep and processes of leaming and memory, and investigates sleep and cognitive fiinction in various clinical disorders.
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Birk, Juliette, and González Daniella Laplechade. "Live & Sleep." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/129910.
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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en MarketingAutor no autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su documento (Parte I)
Birk, Juliette [Parte I], Laplechade González, Daniella [Parte II]
El objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar un plan de marketing que sirva como una herramienta de gestión, que ayude a la empresa a conseguir los objetivos planteados. La empresa Live & Sleep se especializa en el diseño, la fabricación y comercialización de camas de muro, un producto que optimiza el espacio y que se combina con muebles modulares como por ejemplo: veladores, estanterías, escritorios, mesas plegables, sofás, etc. El estudio parte por el análisis del entorno externo, los factores que afectan a la empresa y al sector para lo cual se hace uso del modelo de las cinco fuerzas; además se analiza la situación competitiva, y se toman en cuenta los resultados de dos investigaciones de mercado realizadas como parte de este trabajo. Luego se analiza el entorno interno aplicando modelos como la cadena de valor, el modelo VRIO, la matriz de BCG y la de Ansoff para poder definir los factores críticos del éxito con la ayuda del análisis FODA. Debido al alto valor agregado que entrega nuestro producto que optimiza el espacio en los hogares de los consumidores, la estrategia genérica es de diferenciación haciendo ganancias por márgenes altos. Por lo tanto la segmentación del mercado se realizará por las comunas de la Región Metropolitana con mayores ventas de departamentos del estrato socioeconómico ABC1 y C2. Teniendo definida la misión, visión y propuesta de valor de la empresa, se establecen los objetivos de venta y de marketing a corto, mediano y largo plazo y las respectivas estrategias. Como resultado de la evaluación de los flujos obtenidos se puede concluir que la empresa genera ganancias a partir del segundo año y se recupera la inversión inicial en el tercero. Para medir los logros obtenidos respecto los objetivos planteados y para medir la efectividad del plan de medios se desarrollará un plan de control y además un plan de contingencia, en caso que nuestros resultados no sean los esperados.
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Watson, Cloe. "Penalties of Sleep." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1616163115623607.
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McNulty, Stacey A. (Stacey Ann) 1969 Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Oppression sleep paralysis." Ottawa.:, 1993.
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Lam, Pak-sai, and 林百茜. "Sleep quality versus sleep quantity: relationship between sleep and measures of health, well-being andsleepiness in University students." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31971908.
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Werth, Esther. "Human Sleep: Homeostatic regulation and topographic differences of the sleep electroencephalogram /." Zürich, 1997. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=12326.
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Grandner, Michael Andrew. "Sleep, mood, and circadian responses to bright green light during sleep." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3259050.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego and San Diego State University, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 11, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-123).
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Appelberg, Jonas. "Ventilation and Lung Volume During Sleep and in Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3363.
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Porcheret, Kate L. "Sleep and sleep timing in relation to light and emotional processing." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b759244a-c339-4d9f-bd03-e150a5fa1887.
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Sleep is a complex process: the timing of sleep is regulated by two systems (the sleep homeostat and the circadian clock) and there are many potential functions of sleep. The aim of this thesis was to investigate: the impact of light on the regulation of sleep timing (study 1) and the role of sleep in emotional processing (study 2). Study 1 used natural variations in environmental light levels at different geographical locations, to examine the influence of daily light irradiance on sleep timing and chronotype using the Munich chronotype questionnaire (MCTQ). 6443 students were included in this study from six universities from the northern and southern hemispheres. Students in southern hemisphere cities had earlier sleep timings than those in the northern cities. Daily irradiance was higher in the southern hemisphere cities. The amount of time spent outside, age and sex, but not daily irradiance, influenced sleep timings. Study 2 explored the impact of an analogue traumatic event (trauma film) in students who were either sleep deprived or not sleep deprived on intrusive memories ("flashbacks"), sleep physiology and the impact of an increased risk of a mood disorder on this relationship. In this study the sleep deprived participants (n=19) reported fewer intrusive memories to the trauma film than those not sleep deprived (n=22). A change in sleep physiology was observed in the first sleep period following the trauma film, which was more pronounced in the sleep deprived group: increased levels of arousal, REM density and activity in the occipital region. Only three participants at-risk of a mood disorder completed study 2: their data are presented as case studies. In conclusion this research has demonstrated that differences in sleep timings exist between cities in the southern and northern hemispheres and has confirmed that many factors can influence sleep timing. It has also been demonstrated that following a highly emotional event not sleeping may have a beneficial effect, which has implications for the treatment of people after trauma.
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He, Shi. "From Sleep to Wellbeing: Designing Environmental Features to Avoid Sleep Deprivation." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1593268594944413.
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Kempler, Liora. "Sleep focussed interventions to improve sleep and mood in new mothers." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17010.
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Maternal sleep is problematic for many mothers both during pregnancy as well as postpartum and is highly associated with poor mood. This thesis provides a thorough examination of this problem as well as understanding the best methods for improving sleep and mood for new mothers. A meta-analysis was conducted to provide a quantitative analysis of nine randomised controlled trials investigating sleep-focussed interventions during pregnancy or in the first 12 months postpartum. Results indicated that interventions improve infant total sleep time but not the frequency of night-wakings. Improvements in maternal mood were also identified; however, these changes were small and possibly due to publication bias. A cluster randomised controlled trial administered during the third trimester was conducted to investigate the conditions under which a sleep focussed psychoeducation intervention is effective in improving maternal sleep and mood in the postpartum period. Two hundred and fifteen expectant first time mothers were randomised to receive either the program or a set of booklets with information about sleep. They completed questionnaires at baseline, six weeks, four months and ten months postpartum. A subgroup of participants wore actiwatches for one week during their third trimester and at four months postpartum. Results indicated that in all participants, sleep and mood worsened in the first six weeks after delivery. By four months postpartum, sleep quality and insomnia symptoms in the intervention group were significantly better than in the control group. Group differences in sleepiness, fatigue and mood were not found at any time. By ten months postpartum, differences between groups were no longer significant. These results indicate a promising role for prenatal sleep psychoeducation in hastening the return of improved maternal sleep as indicated by sleep quality and insomnia symptoms.
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Lam, Pak-sai. "Sleep quality versus sleep quantity relationship between sleep and measures of health, well-being and sleepiness in University students /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31971908.
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Ugelstad, Elizabeth Grace. "Developing and Implementing an Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patient and Sleep Study Patient Education Video in a Sleep Medicine Clinic." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27853.
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Patient education is the catalyst to raise patient competence in self-care and health management and may be the most important action performed by healthcare providers as they seek to empower patients towards better health outcomes (Bastable, 2016). The purpose of this project was to offer providers in a midwestern urban clinic specializing in Sleep Medicine a more effective means of disseminating education to patients potentially diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in a timely, efficient, and effective manner. Objectives of this project included the following: demonstrate technological caring through development of an evidence-based audiovisual patient education modality on OSA in congruence with the organization?s Learning Services and evidence-based practice; provide the Sleep Medicine providers an evidence-based audiovisual patient education modality on OSA in an online format linked within the organization?s established patient-provider communication system; elicit consistent Sleep Medicine provider utilization of the OSA patient education video on OSA; and provide educational caring to Sleep Medicine patients through the implementation of the OSA patient education video in Sleep Medicine provider practice. The project was conducted in close collaboration with the clinic providers and Learning Services with development of an evidence-based OSA patient education video to implement in practice. The video was accessible for patient review at home utilizing an online patient-provider communication program. The project assessed provider utilization of the OSA educational video. The provider distribution of computer keyboard surveys was 24%. However, of the computer keyboard surveys collected, Sleep Medicine providers offered the video to 74% of new consults. Of the patients who were offered the video, 90% were receptive to viewing the video. The Sleep Medicine providers also offered qualitative and quantitative feedback on video content, offering suggestions for video change and insight for practice use. The findings pointed to a need to further hone the video content and delivery method. Furthermore, the findings suggested providers were likely to utilize the patient education video and patients were receptive to the patient education video. Utilizing the findings of the project, patient use of education videos could be a future study in this practice site.
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Durant, Claire Fiona. "Brain and endocrine mechanisms of sleep disruption : sleep and refractory depression ; new approaches to treatment and their effect on sleep." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.574415.
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Sleep disturbance is a distressing and often poorly treated core symptom of major depression. Physiological sleep abnormalities are one of the few biological markers in depression. Reported here are studies in which sleep has been used to further our understanding of two experimental treatments for patients with treatment refractory depression (TRD). The first is a crossover study of the effect of two bolus infusions of hydrocortisone administered in the afternoon on sleep that night in healthy volunteers. This study was undertaken to help interpret results in a comparable patient study, in which the effects of 3 daily, high doses of hydrocortisone on sleep were assessed on night 3 (after hydrocortisone treatment), and 4 weeks later in patients with TRD. In healthy volunteers, hydrocortisone significantly increased slow wave sleep and, in a dose dependent manner, suppressed rapid eye movement sleep (REM), despite a delay of 8-10 hours between infusion and start of sleep recordings. The low dose increased measures of arousal, resulting in delayed sleep onset. In the patient study, it was not possible to confirm any sleep effects of hydrocortisone at a group level because of low patient numbers and large baseline variations in sleep measures attributable to psychotropic medications with differing effects on sleep architecture. However, the data gave some indication that if sleep improvements were observed directly after hydrocortisone, these were sustained, although not necessarily accompanied by mood alterations. The third study was an investigation of sleep effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in patients with TRD. Intracerebral electrodes were implanted in the subgenual cingulate (SGC) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) regions. Continuous stimulation was commenced in one target brain region (randomised order) which could be switched to the second if no clinical response was observed. The main finding was a striking increase in REM sleep and reduction of REM onset latency after acute SGC stimulation, but not with NAcc stimulation. These results could imply previously unknown cortical mechanisms of REM sleep modulation
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Åhs, Hugo. "An Unrecoverable Sleep Deficit : A literary analysis of Adolescents’ sleep loss and the consequences of sleep deficit regarding academic performance." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-169852.
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There is a noticeable difference in the debate regarding adolescents’ sleep patterns between the biological clock and society’s clock when we talk about adolescents. Sleep scientists or somnologists, are alarming as more evidence reach the surface that young people are not getting the recommended sleep that is required to perform academically well. Not only are there direct connections between sleep deficit and academic performance, but sleep deficit also takes a critical toll upon their physical and mental health. The problem is that adolescents’ circadian cycle is postponed with a few hours compared to children and adults. This results in a major sleep deficit when adolescents must adjust to societal rhythms and habits – a clock they are not programmed biologically to follow. Adolescents must attend to school in the early morning, when in reality their needs point to that school times in fact should start around 10:00. Society’s view has traditionally been that teenagers are lazy but in fact evidence does prove that it may not be the case. The following essay will therefore serve as an informative update to what has been stated by somnologists and raise awareness regarding adolescents and what happens when they are exposed to a chronic sleep deficit put on them by society.
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Dopp, Austin. "Relative Effects of Sleep Hygiene Behavior and Physical Exercise on Sleep Quality." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6837.
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Numerous studies have shown the relationship between sleep and overall health. A common measure of sleep is sleep quality which has been shown to be influenced by a variety of factors such as physical activity, diet, stress, social engagement, cognitive stimulating, and sleep hygiene behaviors. Data was analyzed from a previous study to determine whether trying to change one’s sleep would improve sleep quality and if this was more effective than physical exercise. A group of 104 individuals, randomized to the treatment group, were asked to log their daily activities, via smartphone app, within these six behavioral domains for six months. Behavioral change scores were computed as the difference between six-month behavioral level and baseline behavioral level, for each of the six domains. Factor analysis that revealed that two latent factors explained the majority of the variance in behavioral change, with a "Physical Body Related behavior change” factor ("Physical") and a "Mental/Emotional" behavior change factor ("Mental"). In linear regression models, Physical significantly predicted sleep quality improvement over the six months (p=.029), but Mental did not (p=.606). In the middle aged adults in this study, the behavioral change pattern of increasing diet quality and physical activity, significantly predicted improvements in sleep quality. While efforts to improve one's cognitive and emotional well-being were not found to predict to sleep improvement, they still may be important for cognitive health overall. This information can prove useful as different interventions and programs are implemented to improve sleep in the population.
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McDowell, Andrew. "Passive sleep actigraphy : an automated assessment platform for non-contact sleep monitoring." Thesis, Ulster University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.720881.
Full textAbstract:
Sleep is a vital physiological process, which is essential for health and wellbeing. Reported sleep problems are, however, commonplace within the general population. Currently, the literature indicates clinically validated, long term sleep monitoring is best achieved using Wrist Based Sleep Actigraphy (WBSA). WBSA, however, is prohibitively expensive to the general population and requires contact with the body to operate, leading to accessibility and user compliance issues. Correspondingly, a literature review found that neither research nor commercial domains have suitably explored the potential for non-contact, actigraphy driven, sleep monitoring. Accordingly, this Thesis presents a series of investigative studies into the development of Passive Sleep Actigraphy (PSA), a bed-based, non-contact method of recording actigraphic data from a bed occupant for the purpose of sleep profiling. The first investigation considered suitable hardware for recording in-bed movement without body contact, where it was discovered that a range of in-bed postural changes could be recorded using a tri-axial accelerometer. A follow up study considered whether PSA data could be used to identify periods of sleep and wake using a WBSA like approach. To evaluate this, 118 hours of validated data was recorded, then used to develop and test a PSA sleep scoring framework. This resulted in metrics of 0.96 sensitivity (sleep detection) and 0.79 specificity (wake detection). A third study focused on optimising the sleep scoring framework, to improve overall performance. This included an evaluation of vector-based features, addressing sleep/wake class imbalance and identifying optimal accelerometer locations. Accordingly, a further 291 hours of validated data was recorded and used to evaluate the revised framework. This presented improvements of up to 16% in specificity, with nominal changes to sensitivity. The final study investigated sleep statistics generated from the PSA data, against those from a number of existing sleep monitoring tools. Observations here indicated that the PSA platform appears to provide comparable measures of sleep to existing approaches. In summary, the work presented throughout this Thesis culminated in a prototype platform for actigraphy driven, non-contact sleep monitoring. Accordingly, PSA addresses several limitations associated with WBSA and offers a novel contribution to objective sleep monitoring through its findings and associated datasets.
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Côté, Kimberly Ann. "Event-related potential evidence of consciousness during wakefulness, sleep onset, and sleep." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/8709.
Full textAbstract:
Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during sleep onset and various stages of sleep. A late component of the ERP, P300, is elicited when subjects detect a rare "target" stimulus. It is usually not elicited when subjects fail to detect the stimulus. The presence of P300 has therefore been used to index the extent to which the sleeper is aware of their external environment. During the transition to sleep, subjects were asked to detect a rare 2000 Hz target occurring among a train of 1000 Hz standards. A parietal maximum P300 was apparent in wakefulness, and remained large to detected targets in stage 1 sleep. It was however attenuated at frontal sites in stage 1. There were few detections in stage 2 and P300 was not evident. ERPs were then recorded within sleep. Very loud stimuli were employed since loud deviants will elicit an obligatory P300 response in waking-ignore conditions. In Experiment 2, 90 dB SPL tone pips were delivered on 5% of trials and 70 dB SPL tones on remaining trials. A large parieto-central positive wave was recorded in REM sleep. In non-REM sleep, a later and more occipital positivity was observed. It remained unclear whether the REM P300 was due to the rareness or the loudness of the deviant. In Experiment 3, various intensities (0, 60, 80, 100 dB SPL) were therefore delivered at equal probability (p = .25). A parietal maximum P300 was again recorded in REM following the 100 dB tone, but was not apparent following the lower intensities. A frontal P300 was not apparent following the loud stimulus. In Experiment 4, pitch- and intensity-deviants were investigated during sleep and wakefulness (attend and ignore conditions). In three separate groups, the rare stimulus was delivered on either 20%, 10% or 5% of trials. The pitch-deviant did not elicit P300 in any condition. In the waking-ignore condition, the intensity-deviant elicited a parietal maximum P300 that extended into the frontal region. A large REM-specific P300 was apparent at parietal sites following the intensity-deviant when stimuli were delivered on 5% of trials, but was not apparent at frontal sites. These studies illustrate that P300 can be recorded during sleep onset and during REM sleep. Only stimuli which are sufficiently intrusive and rare will elicit the parietal P300 in REM. While subjects may be able to detect stimulus deviance in stage 1 and REM, the frontal contribution to consciousness may be absent.
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Wong, Keith Keat Huat. "Measuring sleep and neurobiological functional parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2245.
Full textAbstract:
Doctor of Philosophy (Medicine)Sleepiness is an important source of morbidity in the community, with potentially catastrophic consequences of occupational or driving injuries or accidents. Although many measures of sleepiness exist, there is no gold standard. The electroencephalograph (EEG) has been studied as an indicator of sleep pressure in the waking organism, or sleep depth. A mathematical model has been developed, relating the observed EEG to interactions between groups of neurons in the cortex and thalamus (Robinson, Rennie, Rowe, O'Connor, & Gordon, 2005; Robinson, Rennie, & Wright, 1997). These interactions are thought to be important in the transition from wake to sleep. Sleepiness is common in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The measurement of sleepiness would have great utility in quantifying the disease burden, measuring treatment response, or determining fitness for work or driving. This study will evaluate parameters derived from the EEG mathematical model as a measure of sleepiness. It is divided into the following four parts: 1. Subjects with likely OSA based on symptoms and demographics from an international database were compared with matched non-OSA controls. The OSA group showed deficits in executive function and abnormalities on evoked response potential testing. 2. Outcomes from a cross-sectional study in a sleep-clinic OSA population were aggregated by factor analysis into a five summary variables relevant to sleepiness: subjective sleepiness, mood & anxiety, memory & learning, driving, and executive functioning. 3. EEG mathematical model parameters from wake EEG recordings were related to the five summary outcomes. Executive function correlated with a parameter Z, representing the negative feedback loop between the thalamic reticular nucleus and the thalamocortical relay nuclei. 4. EEG model parameters during first NREM sleep cycle of 8 subjects with regular sleep architecture were studied. Net cortical excitation (parameter X) is predicted to increase across the cycle, while there was, as predicted, a greater inhibitory effect of the thalamic reticular nucleus upon thalamocortical relay cells (parameter Z). In this preliminary assessment, EEG model parameters reflecting thalamocortical interactions are sensitive to prefrontal lobe tasks such as executive function, which are known to be vulnerable to sleep loss and sleepiness, and these parameters also show variation with increasing sleep depth.
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Sullivan, Matthew C. "Assessing the effect of shipboard motion and sleep surface on sleep effectiveness." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/4507.
Full textAbstract:
Approved for public release, distribution unlimitedSleep in today's Navy is in short supply. When it is possible for Sailors and officers to sleep, that sleep should be as efficient as possible. This study sought to determine if motion affects sleep efficiency, and if sleeping surface could be used to mitigate the disturbed sleeping patterns caused by motion. To accomplish this goal, the researchers employed a motion machine driven with motion profiles from the USS Swift (HSV-2), a catamaran style vessel that may have many of the same motion characteristics as future ships. In addition, two mattress types, a standard Navy and a visco-elastic foam mattress, were compared to determine if sleep efficiency differed between the two sleeping surfaces. Twelve volunteers participated in the human-in-the-loop study. Results from the laboratory study demonstrated that motion had a significant effect on sleep efficiency. Additionally, a survey administered to each participant upon completion of the experiment found that self-reported sleep quality was better in the stationary condition. Finally, tests using activity counts and acceleration data were conducted to determine if a given mattress type was more effective at reducing the amount of shock and vibration transmitted through the motion platform. These results showed a clear advantage for the visco-elastic surface.
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Bennett, Lesley Samantha. "Sleep fragmentation predictors of daytime sleepiness and health status in sleep apnoea." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299534.
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Newark, Megan Elizabeth. "Assessing the impact of two sleep interventions on 'normal' children's sleep practices." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7317/.
Full textAbstract:
Insufficient sleep duration in preschool children has been associated with adverse health consequences, including increased risk of obesity; impaired reaction time, attention, memory and behaviour regulation and reduced academic performance. Very little research has been undertaken on the sleep of ‘normal’ children, which includes children who have not been identified with a sleep disorder but are not getting enough sleep for their individual requirements. This study aimed to implement two social marketing interventions targeting the sleep practices of ‘normal’ three and four year old children within Stockton-on-Tees. The thesis explores the process of designing and delivering one intervention via participatory research with parents and one intervention through collaborative working with a number of agencies. The parent intervention used posters and leaflets and was delivered via four Sure Start children’s centres, one school nursery and one private nursery (n=19). The nursery intervention targeted children and delivered seven fun activities through two private nurseries and two school nurseries (n=31). A control group was recruited from five children’s centres and four school nurseries (n=40). A questionnaire assessed child sleep duration and behaviour, parental beliefs and knowledge pre and post-intervention. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with parents post-intervention. Unfortunately it was not possible to evaluate the parent intervention due to lack of ongoing engagement by the pre-intervention group with the Sure Start Centres during the intervention. However, although these findings relate to a small sample and should be treated with caution, following the nursery intervention, statistically significant changes were found in children's morning waking behaviour, parental satisfaction with their children's sleep and bedtime routine, and parental knowledge (p<.05). The difficulties encountered, and how these influenced the study is discussed, particularly with regard to power structures. The mechanisms by which the two interventions may have impacted upon parents’ behaviour, beliefs and knowledge are also considered.
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McKillop, Laura. "Sleep slow wave oscillation : effect of ageing and preceding sleep-wake history." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a3c762ab-cbc0-4095-86db-99e04dc7e84f.
Full textAbstract:
Sleep is well-established to become more superficial and fragmented as we age, with deficits in cognitive processing also commonly observed. While effects have been identified in both humans and mice (used in this thesis), there are important species differences in these findings and importantly, very little is known about the neural dynamics underlying these changes. By integrating several state-of-the-art approaches from putative single unit electrophysiological recordings to behavioural and pharmacological assessments, this thesis aimed to provide novel insights into the neural mechanisms involved in the age-dependent changes in sleep and cognition in mice. Firstly, this thesis investigated the neural activity underpinning the known global sleep changes that occur with ageing. Surprisingly, the majority of neuronal measures quantified in this study were resilient to the effects of ageing. Therefore the global sleep disruptions identified with ageing are unlikely to arise from changes in local cortical activity. Secondly, diazepam injection was found to suppress neural activity, in addition to previously reported effects on electroencephalography (EEG). Subtle differences in the effects of diazepam were identified across age groups, which may account for the variability seen in the efficacy of benzodiazepines in older individuals. Thirdly, ageing and sleep deprivation were found to have only a few effects on performance in a spatial learning task, the Morris water maze (MWM). Suggesting that spatial learning may be fairly resilient to the effects of ageing and sleep deprivation. Finally, this thesis presents preliminary analyses that showed mice were able to perform two novel paradigms of the visual discrimination task, suggesting their suitability in studying the link between ageing, sleep and cognition. Together the studies presented in this thesis provide insights into the differences between global and local mechanisms affected by ageing. Only by understanding local mechanisms will we be able improve on current treatments aimed at helping with the unwanted effects of healthy ageing, such as cognitive decline and sleep disruptions.
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Wintner, Birgit. ""Night, night, sleep tight" : Effects of exercise and light on sleep physiology." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15510.
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Wong, Keith K. H. "Measuring sleep and neurobiological functional parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea." Connect to full text, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2245.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2008.Title from title screen (viewed Mar. 12, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine. Degree awarded 2008; thesis submitted 2007. Includes bibliography. Also issued in print.
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Grow, Brian J. Sullivan Matthew C. "Assessing the effect of shipboard motion and sleep surface on sleep effectiveness." Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FGrow.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Human Systems Integration)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Miller, Nita Lewis. Second Reader: McCauley, Michael E. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 26, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Sleep Efficiency, Sleeping Surface, Acceleration, Motion Effects on Sleep, Actigraphy, Sleep Quality, Shipboard Sleep. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-87). Also available in print.
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Wong, Keith Keat Huat. "Measuring sleep and neurobiological functional parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2245.
Full textAbstract:
Sleepiness is an important source of morbidity in the community, with potentially catastrophic consequences of occupational or driving injuries or accidents. Although many measures of sleepiness exist, there is no gold standard. The electroencephalograph (EEG) has been studied as an indicator of sleep pressure in the waking organism, or sleep depth. A mathematical model has been developed, relating the observed EEG to interactions between groups of neurons in the cortex and thalamus (Robinson, Rennie, Rowe, O'Connor, & Gordon, 2005; Robinson, Rennie, & Wright, 1997). These interactions are thought to be important in the transition from wake to sleep. Sleepiness is common in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The measurement of sleepiness would have great utility in quantifying the disease burden, measuring treatment response, or determining fitness for work or driving. This study will evaluate parameters derived from the EEG mathematical model as a measure of sleepiness. It is divided into the following four parts: 1. Subjects with likely OSA based on symptoms and demographics from an international database were compared with matched non-OSA controls. The OSA group showed deficits in executive function and abnormalities on evoked response potential testing. 2. Outcomes from a cross-sectional study in a sleep-clinic OSA population were aggregated by factor analysis into a five summary variables relevant to sleepiness: subjective sleepiness, mood & anxiety, memory & learning, driving, and executive functioning. 3. EEG mathematical model parameters from wake EEG recordings were related to the five summary outcomes. Executive function correlated with a parameter Z, representing the negative feedback loop between the thalamic reticular nucleus and the thalamocortical relay nuclei. 4. EEG model parameters during first NREM sleep cycle of 8 subjects with regular sleep architecture were studied. Net cortical excitation (parameter X) is predicted to increase across the cycle, while there was, as predicted, a greater inhibitory effect of the thalamic reticular nucleus upon thalamocortical relay cells (parameter Z). In this preliminary assessment, EEG model parameters reflecting thalamocortical interactions are sensitive to prefrontal lobe tasks such as executive function, which are known to be vulnerable to sleep loss and sleepiness, and these parameters also show variation with increasing sleep depth.
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Kim, Yee Yan. "Effects of sleep loss and sleep recovery on mood and mood regulation." Thesis, Kim, Yee Yan (2018) Effects of sleep loss and sleep recovery on mood and mood regulation. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2018. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41850/.
Full textAbstract:
Acute sleep deprivation has been found to cause a wide range of negative emotional consequences. However, less is known about how sleep-deprived individuals cope emotionally after such a drastic change, or about the timeframe it takes to recover from the emotional consequences of sleep deprivation. This thesis addresses these questions, as well as investigating factors that might buffer the effects of sleep deprivation and promote subsequent recovery. After three days of baseline recording, a sample of 63 healthy undergraduates underwent 24 hours of sleep deprivation in a naturalistic setting. Their recovery, in terms of mood, mood regulation and cognitive alertness, was tracked for the next three days. To account for any effect of overnight activities, the participants also recorded their perceived exertion and enjoyment levels for activities undertaken during the sleep deprivation period. On each of the three recovery days, they also recorded their use of recovery strategies (i.e., daytime napping, night sleep extension, caffeine consumption).
Investigation 1 demonstrated that sleep deprivation had greater deleterious effects on positive affect than negative affect, and created an indeterminate state where the sleep-deprived person rejected their worsened mood yet did not act to repair it. Investigation 2 showed that a large degree of emotional recovery was achieved one day after sleep deprivation, and also revealed evidence that older age might mitigate against the effects of sleep deprivation and accelerate subsequent recovery. Collectively, Investigations 2 and 3 identified behavioural factors that might mitigate sleep deprivation effects and enhance subsequent emotional recovery, within a naturalistic setting. For the effects of sleep deprivation, the results of path analyses revealed that higher perceived physical and mental exertion during overnight activities predicted less emotional and cognitive decline immediately after sleep deprivation, even after controlling for perceived enjoyment of activities. During the recovery period, daytime napping predicted greater recovery from negative affect the following day, whereas night sleep extension and caffeine consumption did not; positive affect recovery was not associated with use of any strategy. Investigation 4 showed that the recovery detected one day after sleep deprivation in Investigation 2 was largely maintained three days after sleep deprivation; however, positive affect did not fully recover in this timeframe, and delayed changes were detected in fatigue and the mood maintenance aspect of regulation. Investigation 5 showed that mood maintenance became less responsive to mood immediately after sleep deprivation, relative to the baseline phase, and that sleep deprivation also attenuated the positive association between mood repair and mood the following day, as compared to baseline.
This research demonstrated that 24 hours of sleep deprivation not only caused severe mood deterioration, it also impaired the ability to regulate mood by disrupting the usual responsiveness of mood regulation to mood input and regulatory outcomes. The research also provided support for many of Mayer and Stevens’ (1994) tenets of mood regulation, and suggested some important developments to their theory, including the need for greater attention to low positive affect in the context of sleep deprivation and its potential direct effects on mood regulation.
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Perlis, Michael Lloyd. "Alpha sleep and information processing, arousal and perception of sleep in fibromyalgia." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186882.
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This dissertation project was designed to examine the relationship between alpha sleep and information processing during sleep in persons with fibromyalgia. The study tested the following hypotheses: (1) persons with alpha sleep are more sensitive to external stimuli during sleep than non-alpha sleepers (2) alpha sleepers are more likely to identify polysomnographically defined sleep as wakefulness than non-alpha sleepers and (3) alpha sleepers are more likely to complain of shallow and non-restorative sleep than non-alpha sleepers. To assess the extent to which subjects manifested alpha sleep, subjects were allowed to sleep undisturbed for the first 60 minutes of the study. Quantitative analyses of alpha activity during this period was performed via visual assessment, signal detection and power spectral technologies. After this period elapsed, two experimental tasks were conducted to test for information processing and memory during sleep. The first task was a test of both implicit and explicit memory for auditory stimuli presented during sleep. The second task was a test of short term memory and of subjective perception of sleep during polysomnographically defined stages of sleep. It was found that alpha activity occurring during sleep in fibromyalgic patients is not associated with increased long term memory for auditory events or the myalgia symptoms of fibromyalgia, but is associated with enhanced short term memory for stimuli presented during stage 2 sleep, the tendency to identify stage 2 sleep as wakefulness, the increased tendency to arouse in relation to auditory stimuli and the perception of shallow sleep.
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Kushkituah, Yudyahn. "Subjective Sleep Quality of Isolated Sleep Paralysis: Fear Parameters and Psychosocial Correlates." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6449.
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The bidirectional link between insufficient sleep and the distress related to a parasomnia known as isolated sleep paralysis (ISP) might lead to chronic health effects. The impact of fear-ridden hallucinations related to this REM sleep disorder can be both distressful and embarrassing for individuals often resulting in a reticence to seek help. This quantitative study was guided by a biopsychosocial approach with an integrated theoretical framework. One aim of the study was to determine if fear parameters of ISP (low and high) differ when considering psychosocial factors and sleep quality, based on the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes About Sleep Scale, the Social Phobia Inventory, the Locus of Control (LOC) subscales, and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Inventory. Predictive associations between psychosocial factors and subjective sleep quality (SSQ) were also investigated. Retrospective online data from a sample of 159 participants ages 18 and over were analyzed via MANOVA, multiple regression, and independent samples t-tests. Findings from the MANOVA were significant and showed that participants who experience ISP with more fear scored higher on two measures, external other LOC and social phobia. The MANOVA regarding differences in SSQ in relation to psychosocial variables were not significant, and independent sample t-tests did not differentiate fear parameters for DBAS and SSQ (poor sleep was found for both parameters). Providers of therapeutic treatments should take factors of social phobia and external other LOC into account with regards to poor sleep quality for those distressed by ISP. Sleep quality assessments might benefit those who are afraid to disclose about ISP sleep distress, as long term poor sleep can place some at risk for negative health outcomes.
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Bryant, Natalie B., and Natalie B. Bryant. "Sleep and Memory Updating." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626309.
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Prior research shows that a contextual reminder can return a previously consolidated memory to an unstable state similar to initial encoding. New knowledge presented before the trace is reconsolidated can emerge as updating of the first experience with knowledge from the second. Sleep has been implicated in the long-term strengthening and storage of newly acquired episodic memories; thus, the delay-dependent emergence of intrusions may be facilitated by a delay containing sleep. The experiments described here explore this possibility by tracking sleep while participants undergo an episodic reconsolidation paradigm, which involves learning two sets of information and a recall task, all separated by 48 hours. Prior work using this paradigm shows that reminding participants of the first learning experience prior to learning the second renders them more likely to intrude information from the second set in their recall of the first. In the present study, Experiment 1 compares amount of sleep across days in order to tease apart the differential effects on consolidation of the original Set 1 memory and its reconsolidation when it is updated with Set 2. In Experiment 2, the first analysis (Analysis A) identifies events in the sleep EEG, such as spindles, that are associated with certain elements of memory consolidation, and expands on the parameters in which they occur in memory reconsolidation in Analysis B. The overall aim of this project is to use sleep as a means to inform the nature of memory reconsolidation, which paints memory as ever changeable.
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Davidson, Judith Rutherford. "Cancer and sleep disturbance." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ59523.pdf.
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Bemmel, Alex Leonard van. "Sleep, depression and antidepressants." Maastricht : Maastricht : Scorpio ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1993. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5860.
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Sarberg, Maria. "Sleep disorders during pregnancy." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-117869.
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Background Sleep disorders are known to increase in prevalence during pregnancy, and associations between disturbed sleep during pregnancy and adverse outcomes for mother and child have been reported in a number of studies. However, most of these studies were retrospective and too small to satisfactorily demonstrate the association. Aims To prospectively investigate the development of snoring during pregnancy and assess if there is an association between snoring and sleepiness or adverse pregnancy outcomes. To study the development of restless legs syndrome during and after pregnancy, and whether it is associated with snoring or other pregnancy-related symptoms. To investigate the possible association between depressive symptoms in the postpartum period and sleep related problems during pregnancy, using screening instruments. To objectively evaluate sleep disordered breathing in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant controls and to evaluate differences in Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores between the two groups. Methods Questionnaires containing subjective rating of snoring, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and symptoms of restless legs were used in all studies. Information from the medical records of the pregnant women was also utilized. For objective evaluation of sleep disordered breathing, nocturnal respiratory recordings were used. In the research for the first three papers the same cohort of 500 pregnant women was followed on three occasions during pregnancy and also after delivery, and for the last paper, 100 other pregnant women were compared to 80 nonpregnant controls. Results and conclusions Both snoring and restless legs syndrome increase during pregnancy, but this had no convincing impact on obstetric outcome. Sleep recordings could not verify an increased prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea among pregnant women. Restless legs syndrome was associated with snoring and could persist after delivery. Women who had high scores on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale in the last trimester of pregnancy showed more depressive symptoms in the postpartum period. No difference in item scoring of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale was found between pregnant women and controls.