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Academic literature on the topic 'Sleep mode'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Sleep mode"

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Jayakumar, Hrishikesh, Arnab Raha, and Vijay Raghunathan. "Sleep-Mode Voltage Scaling." ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems 16, no. 1 (November 3, 2016): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2950054.

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Indraganti, Madhavi, Farsana Kutty, Reem Ali, Lulwa Al Noaimi, Saaeda Al-Bader, and Maryam Adel Al Mulla. "OCCUPANT PERCEPTION OF THERMAL COMFORT IN SLEEP ENVIRONMENTS IN QATAR." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 18, no. 2 (February 13, 2022): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.53540/tjer.vol18iss2pp137-145.

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A thermal comfort field survey in sleep environments in winter and spring seasons in Qatar collected 833 sets of objective and subjective thermal and sleep quality responses before going to bed and after getting up. The subjects felt cooler sensations most of the time, preferred warmer sensations and the sleep environments are considered comfortable overall. Griffiths comfort temperature (Tc) was 24.3 ˚C and 20.2 ˚C in FR and AC modes respectively. Subjects used air-conditioner (AC)s adaptively in heating mode in winter. In 82.7% cases in air-conditioned (AC) mode, the comfort temperature was below the lower limit of the international standard. Subjects enjoyed quality sleep in Qatar. Overall self-declared sleep quality improved with thermal acceptability. Depth of sleep was higher in AC mode (mean = 3.86). On the other hand, mean global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score was high in general (mean = 10.7), indicating good quality sleep, and significantly so in free-running mode (mean = 11) than in AC mode (mean = 10.4). It increased as subjects liked their AC systems. This study suggests that overcooling in spring can be avoided by increasing the air movement without compromising sleep quality.
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Xiao, Zhu, Shuangchun Li, Xiaochun Chen, Dong Wang, and Wenjie Chen. "A Load-Balancing Energy Consumption Minimization Scheme in 5G Heterogeneous Small Cell Wireless Networks Under Coverage Probability Analysis." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 31, no. 07 (April 10, 2017): 1759013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001417590133.

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Heterogeneous small cell networks (HSCN), as a promising paradigm to increase end-user data rates and improve the overall capacity, is expected to be a key cellular architecture in 5G wireless networks. However, energy consumed in HSCN is considerable due to the massive use of small cells. In this paper, we investigate the energy consumption issue which stems from the enormous number of running small cell base stations (SBSs) deploying in the HSCN. We first propose power consumption models so as to characterize the active state and the idle state of SBSs, respectively. Then two sleep modes for SBSs tier, i.e. random sleep mode and load-awareness dynamic sleep mode, are proposed. The random sleep is designed based on a binomial distribution of the SBS operation probability. Through the analysis on activeness of SBSs, we define the operation probability for the SBS applying the proposed dynamic sleep mode is associated to its traffic load level. The closed-form expressions of success probability for coverage, which is used to decide whether an active user can connect to a SBS successfully, are derived for the proposed sleep modes. Energy consumption minimizations are presented for the two proposed sleep modes under the success probability constraint. Simulation results prove the effectiveness of the proposed two sleep modes. Different energy saving gains can be achieved via using of the energy saving strategy. The superior of the dynamic sleep mode by comparing the random sleep is also verified in terms of energy consumption, success probability and power efficiency.
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Veerappan Kousik, Nalliyanna Goundar, Yuvaraj Natarajan, Kallam Suresh, Rizwan Patan, and Amir H. Gandomi. "Improving Power and Resource Management in Heterogeneous Downlink OFDMA Networks." Information 11, no. 4 (April 10, 2020): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11040203.

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In the past decade, low power consumption schemes have undergone degraded communication performance, where they fail to maintain the trade-off between the resource and power consumption. In this paper, management of resource and power consumption on small cell orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) networks is enacted using the sleep mode selection method. The sleep mode selection method uses both power and resource management, where the former is responsible for a heterogeneous network, and the latter is managed using a deactivation algorithm. Further, to improve the communication performance during sleep mode selection, a semi-Markov sleep mode selection decision-making process is developed. Spectrum reuse maximization is achieved using a small cell deactivation strategy that potentially identifies and eliminates the sleep mode cells. The performance of this hybrid technique is evaluated and compared against benchmark techniques. The results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid performance model shows effective power and resource management with reduced computational cost compared with benchmark techniques.
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Vacca, Irene. "Vibrio enters 'sleep mode' to survive." Nature Reviews Microbiology 15, no. 9 (September 2017): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2017.102.

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Indraganti, Madhavi. "Investigation of thermal comfort in bedrooms in Qatar." E3S Web of Conferences 396 (2023): 01070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202339601070.

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Good quality sleep is essential for overall health and productivity of human beings. In a field survey in bedrooms in Qatar, 833 sets of occupant responses on thermal comfort and sleep quality before going to bed and after getting up were made together with the corresponding environmental measurements and occupant’s clothing and bedding information. Subject’s thermal sensation was on the cooler side with a preference for warmer environments mostly. People generally felt comfortable, with Griffiths comfort temperature (Tc) being 24.3 °C. and 20.2 °C in free-running (FR) and air-conditioned (AC) modes respectively. Adaptive use of air-conditioners was noted. In 82.7% cases in (AC) mode, the comfort temperature was below the lower limit of the international standard. The quality of sleep was good and overall self-declared sleep quality increased with thermal acceptability. Higher depth of sleep was noted when ACs were on. Qatar bedrooms recorded high mean global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score in general (mean = 10.7), indicating good quality sleep. It was higher in free-running mode (mean = 11) than in AC mode (mean 10.4). It increased as subjects liked their HVAC systems, indicating the occupants perception of performance of AC systems affecting the sleep quality. This study highlights the need reduce overcooling in spring and to increase air-movement to enable free-running mode, without reducing the sleep quality.
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Farrahi, Amir H., Gustavo E. Téllez, and Majid Sarrafzadeh. "Exploiting Sleep Mode for Memory Partitioning and Other Applications." VLSI Design 7, no. 3 (January 1, 1998): 271–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1998/50491.

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Sleep mode operation and exploiting it to minimize the average power consumption are of great importance in modern VLSI circuits. In general, sleep mode refers to the mode in which part(s) of the system are idle. In this paper, we study the problem of partitioning a circuit according to the activity patterns of its elements such that circuit elements with similar activity patterns are packed into the same partition. Then a partition can be placed in sleep mode during the time intervals all elements contained in that partition are idle. We formulate the partitioning problem to exploit sleep mode operation and show that the problem is NP-complete. We present polynomial time algorithms for practical classes of the problem. Applications of the problem to memory and module partitioning and clock gating are discussed. The experimental data confirm that a careful partitioning allows upto 40% more sleep time which could be exploited to minimize the average power consumption.
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Rajagopal, Anita, and Cynthia Bodkin. "1095 Treatment with Trilogy AVAPS AE Mode in Pompe Disease with Chronic Respiratory Failure Unresponsive to AVAPS ST Mode." Sleep 41, suppl_1 (April 2018): A407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsy063.1094.

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Kim, Taehwa, Seungjin Lee, Hyungwoo Choi, Hong-Shik Park, and Junkyun Choi. "An Energy-Efficient Multi-Level Sleep Strategy for Periodic Uplink Transmission in Industrial Private 5G Networks." Sensors 23, no. 22 (November 9, 2023): 9070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23229070.

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This paper proposes an energy-efficient multi-level sleep mode control for periodic transmission (MSC-PUT) in private fifth-generation (5G) networks. In general, private 5G networks meet IIoT requirements but face rising energy consumption due to dense base station (BS) deployment, particularly impacting operating expenses (OPEX). An approach of BS sleep mode has been studied to reduce energy consumption, but there has been insufficient consideration for the periodic uplink transmission of industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) devices. Additionally, 5G New Reno’s synchronization signal interval limits the effectiveness of the deepest sleep mode in reducing BS energy consumption. By addressing this issue, the aim of this paper is to propose an energy-efficient multi-level sleep mode control for periodic uplink transmission to improve the energy efficiency of BSs. In advance, we develop an energy-efficient model that considers the trade-off between throughput impairment caused by increased latency and energy saving by sleep mode operation for IIoT’s periodic uplink transmission. Then, we propose an approach based on proximal policy optimization (PPO) to determine the deep sleep mode of BSs, considering throughput impairment and energy efficiency. Our simulation results verify the proposed MSC-PUT algorithm’s effectiveness in terms of throughput, energy saving, and energy efficiency. Specifically, we verify that our proposed MSC-PUT enhances energy efficiency by nearly 27.5% when compared to conventional multi-level sleep operation and consumes less energy at 75.21% of the energy consumed by the conventional method while incurring a throughput impairment of nearly 4.2%. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the energy consumption of BSs accounting for periodic uplink transmission of IIoT devices.
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Negelspach, David, Anna Alkozei, Alisa Huskey, and William Killgore. "0008 Wake Onset Variability Effect on Functional Connectivity in the Default Mode Network." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (April 20, 2024): A4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0008.

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Abstract Introduction Decoupling patterns of sleep and wake from underlying circadian oscillations is associated with poor sleep health. While this has been studied with respect to shift work, it is unclear if minor variations in normative sleep/wake patterns affect the restoration of cognitive function during sleep intervals while controlling for total sleep time. It is commonplace to adhere to a fixed sleep/wake schedule, however, this practice does not account for day-to-day variations in physiological need for sleep. We examined the relationship between sleep-interval variability and fMRI resting state functional connectivity while controlling for sleep duration. Methods Participants (n=21; 13 female; Age=23.3, SD=4.7) wore an actigraph for 7 days followed by a daytime functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) session. Sleep/wake onset variability was measured from double-rated actigraphy data and cross referenced with sleep journals. Functional connectivity analysis and preprocessing of fMRI images were conducted in the CONN toolbox (SPM12). Seed-based functional connectivity maps were estimated using BOLD activity of the posterior parietal cortex node of the default mode network (DMN) as the seed region. Functional connectivity strength was represented by Fisher-transformed bivariate correlation coefficients from a weighted GLM, modeling the association between the seed and other brain regions. Results Wake onset variability (WOV) predicted functional connectivity of the DMN (controlling for age, gender, and sleep duration). WOV was significantly associated (Pthreshold <.005 ; Pfwe <.05) with a higher degree of anticorrelation between the posterior parietal node of the DMN and several regions of the frontoparietal network (FPN): Right superior frontal gyrus, Right mid-frontal gyrus, and Right frontal pole, as well as the occipital cortex and cerebellum. In contrast, sleep onset variability showed no significant changes in functional connectivity within these areas. Conclusion Greater WOV was associated with stronger inverse connectivity between the DMN and FPN. This suggests that increased WOV may improve attentional control through greater top-down suppression of the DMN. We speculate that WOV is representative of sleep satiety, resulting in voluntary arousal from sleep, rather than enforced arousal. These results suggest that sleep timing affects attentional control irrespective of duration. Support (if any) USAMRAA: W81XWH1910074
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sleep mode"

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Baldini, Federico. "Ottimizzazione della scansione wifi: Sleep Mode." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5014/.

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Twayej, Wasan Adnan. "Network performance evaluation for M2M WSN and SDN based on IOT applications." Thesis, Brunel University, 2018. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/17020.

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This thesis introduces different mechanisms for energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) along with maintaining high levels of Network Performance (N.P) with reduced complexity. Firstly, a Machine-to-Machine (M2M) WSN is arranged hierarchically in a fixed infrastructure to support a routing protocol for energy-efficient data transmission among terminal nodes and sink nodes via cluster heads (CHs). A Multi-Level Clustering Multiple Sinks (MLCMS) routing protocol with the IPv6 protocol over Low Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPAN) is proposed to prolong network lifetime. The simulation results show 93% and 147% enhancement in energy efficiency and system lifespan compared to M-LEACH and LEACH, respectively. By utilising 6LoWPAN in the proposed system, the number of packets delivered increases by 7%, with higher accessibility to the M2M nodes and a substantial extension of the network is enabled. Secondly, an adaptive sleep mode with MLCMS for an efficient lifetime of M2M WSN is introduced. The time period of the active and asleep modes for the CHs has been considered according to a mathematical function. The evaluations of the proposed scheme show that the lifetime of the system is doubled and the end-to-end delay is reduced by half. Thirdly, enhanced N.P is achieved through linear integer-based optimisation. A Self-Organising Cluster Head to Sink Algorithm (SOCHSA) is proposed, hosting Discrete Particle Swarm Optimisation (DPSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) as Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) to solve the N.P optimisation problem. N.P is measured based on load fairness and average ratio residual network energy. DPSO and GA are compared with the Exhaustive Search (ES) algorithm to analyse their performances for each benchmark problem. Computational results prove that DPSO outperforms GA regarding complexity and convergence, thus it is best suited for a proactive IoT network. Both algorithms achieved optimum N.P evaluation values of 0.306287 and 0.307731 in the benchmark problems P1 and P2, respectively, for two and three sinks. The proposed mechanism satisfies different N.P requirements of M2M traffic by instant identification and dynamic rerouting to achieve optimum performance. Finally, a Power Model (PM) is essential to investigate the power efficiency of a system. Hence, a Power Consumption (PC) profile for SDN-WISE, based on IoT is developed. The outcomes of the study offer flexibility in managing the structure of an M2M system in IoT. They enable controlling the provided Network Quality of Service (NQoS), precisely by achieving physical layer throughput. In addition, it provides a schematic framework for the Application Quality of Service (AQoS), specifically, the IoT data stream payload size (from the PC point of view). It is composed of two essential parts, i.e., control signalling and data traffic PCs and the results show a 98% PC of the data plane in the total system power, whereas the control plane PC is only 2%, with a minimum Transmission Time Interval (TTI) (5 sec) and a maximum payload size of 92 Bytes.
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Lin, Yu. "A Two-Mode Synchronous Buck Converter for Low-Power Devices with the Sleep Mode." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72870.

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The power consumption of smart camera in car black box varies significantly between light load and heavy load. The high efficiency voltage regulator is necessary in prolong the life of smart camera battery. Since the smart camera only recording the video when car is driving, the most time of the smart camera works in the sleep mode. Hence the light load efficiency is important in this application, however, conventional buck converter usually have high efficiency at heavy load but poor efficiency at light load. To increase the light load efficiency of buck converter, this research continues Yeago's two phase buck converter with optimum phase selection control and Zhao's two mode buck converter to further improve the light load efficiency for the target application. With 5V input voltage and 1.2V output voltage, the proposed two-mode synchronous buck converter can supply the load power from 12mW to 1.44W. To improve the light load efficiency of conventional buck converter, the proposed design applied Wei's baby buck concept to provide another light load power stage to reduce the switching loss and driving loss at light load. Then, the variable frequency ripple-based constant on-time control with discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) in light load is applied to the baby-buck mode to reduce the switching frequency to further reduce the switching loss. Also, the baby-buck mode uses the synchronous buck topology to remove the diode in asynchronous converter to increase the efficiency at light load. Finally, a sensorless mode selector remove the sensing resistor in power stage to increase the efficiency for entire load range, especially for the heavy load. The mode selector can select the optimum mode for different load condition, and the opposite mode would completely shut down to save the loss. The proposed design is implement in CMOS 0.25um technology. The proposed monolithic buck converter which include the power stage of heavy buck mode, baby-buck mode and the controller is fabricated. The measurement result shows the close loop efficiency varies from 70%-83% toward the entire load range.
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Fiammengo, Martina. "Sleep mode scheduling technique for energy saving in TDM-PONs." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-31062.

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Nowadays energy efficiency of telecommunication networks is receiving more attention than in the past for natural reasons. The situation is critical especially for access networks that typically include many end-user devices that consume a lot of energy. This thesis proposes a novel sleep mode technique for TDM-PONs that turns off the ONUs  (placed at the customer premises) when certain traffic conditions are verified. The objective is to achieve an improved energy efficiency without impacting too much the Quality of Service perceived by end-users. The whole operation is managed at the OLT (placed at the provider central office) and the length of the sleep time periods is computed employing a statistical method. An approximated version has been implemented in hardware for proof of concept. The obtained results show that the proposed sleep mode technique has good performances for  some test cases while it should be avoided for others.
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ARAUJO, Ivanes Lian Costa. "Algoritmo de Sleep Mode para redes LTE em conectividade dual." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/7491.

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Este trabalho realiza um minucioso estudo dos ganhos da conectividade dual em redes Long Term Evolution (LTE) e propõe um algoritmo de "sleep mode" que potencializa a eficiência da rede neste contexto. Dentre os algoritmos de "sleep mode" em conectiviclade dual da literatura, nenhum realiza abordagem envolvendo a capacidade do "backhaul" das "small cells" para a decisão da ativação das mesmas. A carência de um processo de "sleep mode" que possa abranger o "backhaul" pode resultar em gargalos na rede, maior latência e perda de pacotes. Dessa forma, o algoritmo proposto lança luz a um aspecto relevante na conjuntura de redes LTE, além de quantificar os benefícios advindos não apenas do uso do algoritmo, mas da conectiviclade dual em si. Para a análise destes benefícios, o estudo foi elaborado a partir de diversas simulações feitas no "software" Riverbect Modeler, embasadas em parâmetros do 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) e artigos atuais da área. Os resultados das simulações atestam que menores níveis de atraso podem ser alcançados com a conectiviclade dual, e ainda potencializados com o uso do algoritmo proposto, que contribui para o uso mais eficiente dos recursos da rede também do ponto de vista energético. Além destes ganhos, são analisados resultados em relação ao tráfego no "backhaul" tanto das "small cells" quanto do núcleo da rede. O conjunto destes resultados aponta diversas vantagens do uso de conectividade dual e do algoritmo proposto neste trabalho, em redes LTE.
This work presents the analysis of the benefits of dual connectivity in Long Term Evo- lution (LTE) networks, and proposes a sleep mode algorithm in order to increase even more the network efficiency. Among the sleep mode algorithms for dual connectivity in literature, none makes an approach regarding the small cells backhaul capacity for the activation decision of these small cells. The lack of an appropriate sleep mode process that takes backhaul issues into consideration can lead to network bottlenecks, greater latency and packet drops. For this reason, the algorithm highlights relevant aspects in LTE networks, and quantifies the benefits obtained not only by the use of the algorithm but also by the use of the dual connectivity itself. To accomplish this goal, several simulations were performed with the software Riverbed Mode- ler, based on 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) parameters and papers from this area. The simulation results show that lower delay levels can be achieved with the use of dual con- nectivity, and even lower results can be obtained with the use of the proposed algorithm, which also contributes to a more energy efficient usage of network resources. Furthermore, results regarding backhaul traffic in the core network and among small cells are also analyzed. The results, in general, show several advantages of dual connectivity and the proposed algorithm in LTE networks.
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Peters, Henning [Verfasser]. "Default Mode Network Changes during NREM Sleep – a Combined EEG/fMRI Study / Henning Peters." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1018981756/34.

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van, Coppenhagen Robert Lindenberg, and robert vancoppenhagen@dsto defence gov au. "On the Coordinated Use of a Sleep Mode in Wireless Sensor Networks: Ripple Rendezvous." RMIT University. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070122.145741.

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It is widely accepted that low energy consumption is the most important requirement when designing components and systems for a wireless sensor network (WSN). The greatest energy consumer of each node within a WSN is the radio transceiver and as such, it is important that this component be used in an extremely energy e±cient manner. One method of reducing the amount of energy consumed by the radio transceiver is to turn it off and allow nodes to enter a sleep mode. The algorithms that directly control the radio transceiver are traditionally grouped into the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer of a communication protocol stack. This thesis introduces the emerging field of wireless sensor networks and outlines the requirements of a MAC protocol for such a network. Current MAC protocols are reviewed in detail with a focus on how they utilize this energy saving sleep mode as well as performance problems that they suffer from. A proposed new method of coordinating the use of this sleep mode between nodes in the network is specifed and described. The proposed new protocol is analytically compared with existing protocols as well as with some fundamental performance limits. The thesis concludes with an analysis of the results as well as some recommendations for future work.
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Al-Baadani, Faris. "A novel location energy sleep mode saving algorithm (LESMS) based on clustering for WSN." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2017. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/703767/.

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Due to sensors being distributed in an ad-hoc manner and their ability to sense different environmental conditions, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become very popular in various real time applications and Internet of Things (IoT). The WSN is widely used in monitoring harsh environments and taking decisions on the basis of collected reports. Clustering in WSNs is a proven technique to avoid redundant transmissions to the sink. This allows for better utilisation of scarce network resources such as energy. Most of the clustering algorithms proposed in the literature involve a high number of message exchanges, which results in unnecessary energy consumption. This thesis proposes a new cluster head (CH) selection protocol based on the average energy and the location of the nodes. Five different approaches for the CH selection were examined and were statistically analysed: (i) random selection; (ii) selecting the node closest to the arithmetic mean node coordinate; (iii) selecting the node at the medoid coordinate; (iv) selecting the node nearest to the region centre; (v) selecting node nearest the BS. The mean distance of all nodes to their local CH was the dependent variable. Furthermore, three node grouping schemes were further studied and compared to the k-means clustering: (i) all nodes in the same group; (ii) dividing the sensor field into four rectangular quadrants and allocating nodes accordingly; (iii) dividing the sensor field into eight sectors and allocating nodes accordingly. T-Test and one way ANOVA were used for the P-value analysis. The sleeping mode technique was implemented. The residual energy level was then used as a main factor, for the CH selection. The average energy value and the minimum distance value both became the weighting factors to select the CH. The Assistant Cluster Head (ACH) technique was introduced to the LESMS to act as a backup system in case of the CH power levels reach critical levels or total loss of the CH node . Finally, a new technique was introduced to perform a periodic CH health check-up to monitors the energy level of the CH. Simulations were performed using MATLAB and Network Simulator 2 (NS2). Results show that selecting the node closest to the arithmetic mean as CH has outcome other approaches. Also, the sensor field dividing scheme has a shorter distance of all the nodes compared to the k-mean. The LESMS, under a mixture of workload environments resulted in low power consumption, low delay, low packet drop, and low control overhead. It also showed high throughput, high packet delivery ratio (PDR) and an increase in the total residual energy.
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Al-Baadani, Faris. "A novel location energy sleep mode saving algorithm (LESMS) based on clustering for WSN." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2017. https://arro.anglia.ac.uk/id/eprint/703767/1/Al-Baadani_2017.pdf.

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Due to sensors being distributed in an ad-hoc manner and their ability to sense different environmental conditions, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become very popular in various real time applications and Internet of Things (IoT). The WSN is widely used in monitoring harsh environments and taking decisions on the basis of collected reports. Clustering in WSNs is a proven technique to avoid redundant transmissions to the sink. This allows for better utilisation of scarce network resources such as energy. Most of the clustering algorithms proposed in the literature involve a high number of message exchanges, which results in unnecessary energy consumption. This thesis proposes a new cluster head (CH) selection protocol based on the average energy and the location of the nodes. Five different approaches for the CH selection were examined and were statistically analysed: (i) random selection; (ii) selecting the node closest to the arithmetic mean node coordinate; (iii) selecting the node at the medoid coordinate; (iv) selecting the node nearest to the region centre; (v) selecting node nearest the BS. The mean distance of all nodes to their local CH was the dependent variable. Furthermore, three node grouping schemes were further studied and compared to the k-means clustering: (i) all nodes in the same group; (ii) dividing the sensor field into four rectangular quadrants and allocating nodes accordingly; (iii) dividing the sensor field into eight sectors and allocating nodes accordingly. T-Test and one way ANOVA were used for the P-value analysis. The sleeping mode technique was implemented. The residual energy level was then used as a main factor, for the CH selection. The average energy value and the minimum distance value both became the weighting factors to select the CH. The Assistant Cluster Head (ACH) technique was introduced to the LESMS to act as a backup system in case of the CH power levels reach critical levels or total loss of the CH node . Finally, a new technique was introduced to perform a periodic CH health check-up to monitors the energy level of the CH. Simulations were performed using MATLAB and Network Simulator 2 (NS2). Results show that selecting the node closest to the arithmetic mean as CH has outcome other approaches. Also, the sensor field dividing scheme has a shorter distance of all the nodes compared to the k-mean. The LESMS, under a mixture of workload environments resulted in low power consumption, low delay, low packet drop, and low control overhead. It also showed high throughput, high packet delivery ratio (PDR) and an increase in the total residual energy.
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Tully, Carolin [Verfasser]. "Effects of sleep deprivation on resting state networks: The integrity of the default mode network and its anticorrelated network following a night of partial sleep deprivation / Carolin Tully." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1014848393/34.

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Books on the topic "Sleep mode"

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Mirzoian, Silva, and Silva Mirzoian. Jump-start your life: 7 steps to waking up from "the sleep-walking mode". Los Angeles: AnJak Communications, Inc., 2002.

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Kertesz, Rona S. Information processing in sleep-onset insomnia: A test of the neurocognitive model. St. Catharines, Ont: Brock University, Dept. of Psychology, 2009.

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Williams, Ian Patrick. The Big Sleep Mode. R. R. Bowker, 2019.

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Gutierrez, Karla. House Hunting Checklist Sleep Mode on Funny Nap Love Napping Sleeping. Independently Published, 2021.

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HURTADO, Carmella. Password Tracker Narrow: Sleep Mode on Funny Nap Love Napping Sleeping. Independently Published, 2021.

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Gutierrez, Karla. Flight Information Log Book Sleep Mode on Funny Nap Love Napping Sleeping. Independently Published, 2021.

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abdelkarim, lakhouiri. Baby Daily Logbook: Journal for Mother in Timely Tracking Her Cute . Baby's Feeding , Meals ,mode Sleep. Independently Published, 2022.

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abdelkarim, lakhouiri. Baby Daily Logbook: Journal for Mother in Timely Tracking Her Cute . Baby's Feeding ,meals , Mode Sleep. Independently Published, 2022.

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Kearney-Hopkins, Joan. MCP8025/6 - 3-Phase Brushless DC (BLDC) Motor Gate Driver with Power Module, Sleep Mode, LIN Transceiver. Microchip Technology Incorporated, 2014.

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Junna, Mithri R., Bernardo J. Selim, and Timothy I. Morgenthaler. Central sleep apnea and hypoventilation syndromes. Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0018.

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Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) may occur in a variety of ways. While obstructive sleep apnea is the most common of these, this chapter reviews the most common types of SDB that occur independently of upper airway obstruction. In many cases, there is concurrent upper airway obstruction and neurological respiratory dysregulation. Thus, along with attempts to correct the underlying etiologies (when present), stabilization of the upper airway is most often combined with flow generators (noninvasive positive pressure ventilation devices) that modulate the inadequate ventilatory pattern. Among these devices, when continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) alone does not allow correction of SDB, adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV) is increasingly used for non-hypercapnic types of central sleep apnea (CSA), while bilevel PAP in spontaneous-timed mode (BPAP-ST) is more often reserved for hypercapnic CSA/alveolar hypoventilation syndromes. Coordination of care among neurologists, cardiologists, and sleep specialists will often benefit such patients.
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Book chapters on the topic "Sleep mode"

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Weik, Martin H. "sleep mode." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1604. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_17593.

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Meng, Li, Su Han, Kang Yu, and Yun Chao. "Research on Sleep Mode in WANDAS." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 127–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27334-6_16.

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Jin, Shunfu, and Wuyi Yue. "Speed Switch and Multiple-Sleep Mode." In Resource Management and Performance Analysis of Wireless Communication Networks, 315–36. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7756-7_16.

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Kim, Beomjoon, Jaesung Park, and Yong-Hoon Choi. "Power Saving Mechanisms of IEEE 802.16e: Sleep Mode vs. Idle Mode." In Frontiers of High Performance Computing and Networking – ISPA 2006 Workshops, 332–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11942634_35.

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Park, Jaesung, Beomjoon Kim, and Iksoon Hwang. "Handover-Specific Optimization for IEEE 802.16e Sleep Mode." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 560–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69429-8_59.

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Jin, Shunfu, and Wuyi Yue. "Sleep Mode for Power Saving Class Type I." In Resource Management and Performance Analysis of Wireless Communication Networks, 35–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7756-7_2.

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Jin, Shunfu, and Wuyi Yue. "Sleep Mode for Power Saving Class Type III." In Resource Management and Performance Analysis of Wireless Communication Networks, 69–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7756-7_4.

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Jin, Shunfu, and Wuyi Yue. "Sleep Mode for Power Saving Class Type II." In Resource Management and Performance Analysis of Wireless Communication Networks, 51–68. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7756-7_3.

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Jin, Shunfu, and Wuyi Yue. "Markovian Arrival-Based Sleep Mode in WiMAX 2." In Resource Management and Performance Analysis of Wireless Communication Networks, 97–117. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7756-7_6.

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Jin, Shunfu, and Wuyi Yue. "Bernoulli Arrival-Based Sleep Mode in WiMAX 2." In Resource Management and Performance Analysis of Wireless Communication Networks, 87–96. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7756-7_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sleep mode"

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Nagele, Anna Nolda. "Sleep-Mode." In TEI '21: Fifteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3430524.3443689.

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Onireti, Oluwakayode, Abdelrahim Mohamed, Haris Pervaiz, and Muhammad Imran. "Analytical approach to base station sleep mode power consumption and sleep depth." In 2017 IEEE 28th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2017.8292518.

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Farrahi, Amir H., Gustavo E. Téllez, and Majid Sarrafzadeh. "Memory segmentation to exploit sleep mode operation." In the 32nd ACM/IEEE conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/217474.217503.

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Amir H. Farrahi. "Memory Segmentation to Exploit Sleep Mode Operation." In 32nd Design Automation Conference. ACM, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dac.1995.250060.

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Saifutdinova, E., V. Gerla, L. Lhotska, J. Koprivova, and P. Sos. "Sleep spindles detection using Empirical Mode Decomposition." In 2015 International Workshop on Computational Intelligence for Multimedia Understanding (IWCIM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwcim.2015.7347063.

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Guo, Xiaoda, Guochu Shou, Qiaosheng Xiao, Yihong Hu, and Zhigang Guo. "Toward green PON with adaptive sleep mode." In 2012 3rd IEEE International Conference on Network Infrastructure and Digital Content (IC-NIDC 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnidc.2012.6418740.

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Woo Jin Jung, Hyung Joo Ki, Tae-Jin Lee, and Min Young Chung. "Adaptive sleep mode algorithm in IEEE 802.16e." In 2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apcc.2007.4433476.

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Saker, Louai, and Salah Eddine Elayoubi. "Sleep mode implementation issues in green base stations." In 2010 IEEE 21st International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - (PIMRC 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2010.5671926.

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Jin, Meihua, Ji-Young Jung, Dara Ron, Sengly Muy, and Jung-Ryun Lee. "Energy-Efficient Sleep Mode Adjustment Considering GoP Structure." In 2019 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoin.2019.8718129.

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Araujo, Ivanes Lian Costa, and Aldebaro Klautau. "Traffic-aware sleep mode algorithm for 5G networks." In 2015 International Workshop on Telecommunications (IWT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwt.2015.7224571.

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Reports on the topic "Sleep mode"

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Ramachandran, Srinivasan. Better workers don't need more hours, they need decent sleep. Edited by Piya Srinivasan and Chris Bartlett. Monash University, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/b499-e5fa.

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Penman, Olivia, Andrew Sheridan, Nic Badcock, Georgia Horsburgh, and Carmela Pestell. Could local sleep explain the occurrence of attentional lapses in primary school-aged children? A scoping review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0074.

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Review question / Objective: The current review aims to describe the literature on the relationship between local sleep and attentional lapses in neurotypical children or children with ADHD and how this can be applied to inform our understanding of poor attention under conditions of low arousal and increased sleep pressure. The main/primary question is, what is known from the existing literature about the relationship between local sleep and attentional lapses in children? In answering this primary question, we also want to know under what conditions is local sleep occurring? For example, does local sleep occur more frequently with increased fatigue? Eligibility criteria: All papers identified must meet the following criteria for inclusion: the population is neurotypical children and children with ADHD aged between 6 and 12 years of age, published in English, full text available (where full-text is not available, authors will be contacted to request a copy of the paper). All time frames, types of sources (e.g. qualitative or quantitative research studies), geographic locations, cultural and sociodemographic contexts will be included. Review papers (i.e. systematic reviews, meta-analyses), papers with animal studies and clinical cohorts other than ADHD (e.g. autism, sleep disorders, acquired brain injuries etc.) will be excluded. As local sleep is defined as occurring during wakefulness, studies with participants who are asleep will also be excluded.
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O'Donnell, Christopher P. Sleep Resilience, Comorbid Anxiety, and Treatment in a Muring Model of PTSD. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada580131.

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O'Donnell, Christopher P. Sleep Resilience, Comorbid Anxiety, and Treatment in a Murine Model of PTSD. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada603152.

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Gunzelmann, Glenn, Kevin A. Gluck, Hans P. Van Dongen, Robert M. O'Connor, and David F. Dinges. Neurobehaviorally Inspired ACT-R Model of Sleep Deprivation: Decreased Performance in Psychomotor Vigilance. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada452655.

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Liu, Zhen, Zhizhen Lv, Jiao Shi, Shuangwei Hong, Huazhi Huang, and Lijiang Lv. Efficacy of traditional Chinese exercise in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0022.

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Review question / Objective: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a disease in which fatigue strikes or lasts for more than 6 months, accompanied by pain, sleep disturbance, anxiety, and depression. Moreover, it brings a heavy economic burden to society. Traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) are a traditional Chinese medical treatment and have good efficacy on CFS, therefore, this systematic evaluation is to accurately evaluate the efficacy of TCEs on CFS. P: Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. I: Traditional Chinese exercises. C: conventional exercise, acupuncture, physiotherapy, and other physical therapy methods. O: quality of life, fatigue, pain, sleep, anxiety, and depression. S: randomized controlled trials. Condition being studied: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a disease in which fatigue strikes or lasts for more than 6 months, accompanied by pain, sleep disturbance, anxiety, and depression. Moreover, it brings a heavy economic burden to society. Traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) are a traditional Chinese medical treatment and have good efficacy on CFS. Therefore, this systematic evaluation is to accurately evaluate the efficacy of TCEs on CFS, to provide an alternative therapy for clinical treatment of CFS.
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Czerwaty, Katarzyna, Karolina Dżaman, Krystyna Maria Sobczyk, and Katarzyna Irmina Sikrorska. The Overlap Syndrome of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0077.

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Review question / Objective: To provide the essential findings in the field of overlap syndrome of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea, including prevalence, possible predictors, association with clinical outcomes, and severity compared to both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea patients. Condition being studied: OSA is characterized by complete cessation (apnea) or significant decrease (hy-popnea) in airflow during sleep and recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse cause it during sleep leading to nocturnal oxyhemoglobin desaturations and arousals from rest. The recurrent arousals which occur in OSA lead to neurocognitive consequences, daytime sleepiness, and reduced quality of life. Because of apneas and hypopneas, patients are experiencing hypoxemia and hypercapnia, which result in increasing levels of catecholamine, oxidative stress, and low-grade inflammation that lead to the appearance of cardio-metabolic consequences of OSA. COPD is a chronic inflammatory lung disease defined by persistent, usually pro-gressive AFL (airflow limitation). Changes in lung mechanics lead to the main clini-cal manifestations of dyspnea, cough, and chronic expectoration. Furthermore, patients with COPD often suffer from anxiety and depression also, the risk of OSA and insomnia is higher than those hospitalized for other reasons. Although COPD is twice as rare as asthma but is the cause of death eight times more often.
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Haubrich, Julia, Sarah Benz, Ullrich Isermann, Beat Schäffer, Rainer Schmid, Dirk Schreckenberg, Jean Marc Wunderli, and Rainer Guski. Leq+X - Lärmexposition, Ereignishäufigkeiten und Belästigung: Re-Analyse von Daten zur Belästigung und Schlafstörung durch Fluglärm an deutschen und Schweizer Flughäfen. Universitätsbibliothek der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46586/rub.164.139.

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In this study, part of the data sets from 4 large Swiss and German aircraft noise impact studies are re-analysed using logistic multi-level regression models. The aim is to investigate the assumptions that the prediction of a) the percentage of persons highly annoyed by aircraft noise or b) the percentage of persons highly sleep disturbed by aircraft noise can be improved if (i) instead of the energy-equivalent continuous noise level alone, either additional or alternative, more frequency-based aircraft noise metrics and (ii) also airport-specific characteristics are used as predictors. The results support both assumptions; both regarding the percentage of persons highly annoyed and regarding the percentage of persons highly sleep disturbed.
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Sierra, Ricardo, and Inder J. Ruprah. Mothers Are Right: Eat Your Vegetables And Keep Away From The Girls (Boys): Bullying Victimization Profile in the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008446.

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About 29 percent of teenagers are bullied at school in the Caribbean. Victims of bullying are more lonely, sleep less, and have fewer friends than do their nonbullied peers. Although victims of bullying eat more frequently at fast food restaurants, they also experience more periods of hunger than do nonbullied children. Acting out with the goal of being considered a "cool" teenager does not work; even if adolescents frequently smoke cigarettes, bullies may still intimidate and harass them. The opposite is true for virgins. Good parenting can, however, make a difference in preventing a child from being a victim of bullying. Growing international evidence has shown that school-based programs can reduce the prevalence of bullying and that bullying has long-term negative consequences into adult life (for both bullies and victims).
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Kulshreshtha, Poorvi, Osama Neyaz, Shahina Begum, Raj Kumar Yadav, and Kishore Kumar Deepak. Assessment of the efficacy and safety of the hyperbaric oxygen therapy on pain in patients with fibromyalgia: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0001.

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Review question / Objective: A few studies have addressed the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in patients with fibromyalgia. However, these studies have been inconclusive so far. There is no graded evidence in the form of a systematic review or meta-analysis concerning the administration of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to patients with fibromyalgia. The proposed study would be carried out to assess the efficacy and safety of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in reducing pain in patients with fibromyalgia. Primary Objective: To compare the efficacy of HBOT with the standard conventional therapy in patients with fibromyalgia of age 18 years and more. Secondary Objectives: i. To compare the adverse effects (for safety) of HBOT with the standard conventional therapy in patients with fibromyalgia of age 18 years and more; ii. To compare the change in the quality of life, sleep quality, functional impairment, depression, anxiety, and psychological distress by HBOT as compared with the standard conventional therapy in patients with fibromyalgia of age 18 years and more.
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