Academic literature on the topic 'Slavic languages – Grammar, Generative'
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Journal articles on the topic "Slavic languages – Grammar, Generative"
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Banasiak, Jakub. "Polish School of Semantic Grammar (Polish Semantic Grammar Circle)." Terminological Bulletin, no. 5 (2019): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/2221-8807-2019-5-17.
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This paper is an early excerpt from a knowledge base being prepared by the author. It presents basic information about the Polish semantic grammar circle. This school of thought can be traced as far back as the 1970s and remains active till present day. Only major names, works and controversies are briefly discussed. The paper should be treated as an introduction to modern Polish semantics and contrastive (confrontative) studies of Slavic languages.
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Pandžić, Zvonko. "Von Coimbra nach Tobol’sk." Historiographia Linguistica 44, no. 1 (July 21, 2017): 72–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.44.1.03pan.
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Summary Worldwide missionary activities from the 16th century onward were not limited to the New World and overseas in general, but also in East Central Europe in the wake of sectarian struggles following the Reformation. Soon after the Tridentine Council (1545–1563), the Jesuits spread their activities to all countries between the Baltic and Adriatic Seas. Not only Catholic but also Lutheran and Calvinist missionaries went to Poland-Lithuania, Hungary, Slovenia, and other countries. The first Polish grammar (Statorius 1568) was published principally for the Calvinist mission in Poland, while the first Slovenian grammar was printed in Wittenberg (Bochorizh 1584) for the use of Lutheran missionaries in the predominantly Catholic Slovenia. This article examines the missionary background and the vernacular character of two further missionary grammars of the Slavic languages. The first Croatian grammar by Bartul Kašić (1575–1650) was printed in Rome for the use of Catholic Jesuit missionaries from Italy working in Illyricum (Kašić 1604). Kašić’s choice of the što-dialect to be the literary norm in missionary publications substantially determined the further standardization history of the Croatian language. Almost a hundred years later H. W. Ludolf (1696) succeeded in printing the first Russian grammar for the Lutheran-Pietistic mission in Muscovy, a milestone on the way to the “refinement” of the Russian vernacular intended by Ludolf to make it the literary language of the Russian Empire. The first grammars of the Slavic vernacular languages can, therefore, be rightly called missionary grammars. This designation also applies to the first grammars of the non-Slavic languages in the Baltic States and Hungary (and, beyond Europe, in the largely Eastern Orthodox Armenia and Ethiopia). Whatever their sect, the authors of these missionary grammars were motivated by rivalry with other Christian denominations in Slavic and non-Slavic speaking countries of the Christian East.
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Karolczuk, Agnieszka. "O uczeniu gramatyki polskiej Słowian." Poradnik Językowy, no. 1/2022(790) (September 10, 2021): 214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.1.11.
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This paper presents diverse approaches to teaching grammar in the language acquisition process. It focuses on a compilation of the models, methods, techniques, and tricks of teaching grammar. The paper concerns especially teaching Polish grammar to Slavic speakers while taking consideration of the cognation of the languages and the resulting interdependencies. This situation creates both easiness and diffi culty in grammar teaching.
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Dołowy-Rybińska, Nicole. "Interkomprehensja języków słowiańskich jako czynnik motywujący do uczenia się języka górnołużyckiego dla uczniów Gimnazjum Górnołużyckiego pochodzących z niemieckojęzycznych rodzin." Zeszyty Łużyckie 55 (December 19, 2021): 299–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.32798/zl.812.
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The article is based on the research carried out among German-speaking students of the 10th and 11th grade of the Upper Sorbian Grammar School in Bautzen/Budyšin. The analysis concerns the way in which students who are learning Sorbian at school perceive mutual intelligibility of the Slavic languages as a motivating factor in their learning and using Sorbian. Two types of motivation language learning are described: the integrative and the instrumental kind. While integrative motivation seems not to play an essential role for Upper Sorbian Grammar School students as they are separated from Sorbian native-speakers, the instrumental role is much more important. The evidence gathered in the research shows that Slavic languages intercomprehension is in some cases taken advantage of by students when they travel to the Czech Republic or to Poland. This may also facilitate finding a job or studying abroad in Slavic countries.
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ZYMOVETS, H. V. "FACTORS UNDERLYING ADAPTATION OF LOANWORDS INTO SYSTEM OF LANGUAGE." Movoznavstvo 321, no. 6 (December 7, 2021): 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33190/0027-2833-321-2021-6-002.
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The article elaborates on ways of English loanwords integration into Ukrainian, with comparison to the situation in German and Serbian. The subject matter of research includes processes of adaptation in phonetics and grammar of the above-mentioned languages. The main intralinguistic factor that influences adaptation process is disparity of phonetic and grammar level configuration of languages in contacts. English has an affluent system of vowels that causes necessity of simplification of a phonetic form of English borrowings in other languages. The major factor of phonetic adaptation is an existing tradition of conveying sounds in loanwords in a certain way. However, nowadays transcription also plays a significant role in phonetic adaptation, i.e. integration of loanwords is based on their pronunciation rather than spelling. Uncertainty of patterns for conveying sounds of foreign languages in loanwords leads to variability of phonetic form of English loanwords at the initial stage of their functioning in the recipient language. Grammar adaptation involves adjusting of loanwords to the recipient language. Its course depends on morphological type of language and affinity. The research has revealed main patterns how English loanwords obtain the category of gender, which is absent in English. These patterns are based on both formal and semantic factors. Moreover, the author considers the ways of pluralia tantum nouns integration into the system of the recipient language. The analysis has shown that there is a typological difference between borrowing process on the one hand in Slavic languages and on the other hand in German, i.e. Slavic languages, unlike German, have obligatory derivational stage for verbs and adjective adaptation, which makes process of borrowing more complicated in Slavic languages.
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Ariskina, Olga. "Terms of morphemic and word-formation in the East Slavic grammars of the 16th century." Terminological Bulletin, no. 4 (2017): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/2221-8807-2017-4-4.
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The work is devoted to a multidimensional consideration of the terminology of morphology and word-formation in the East Slavic grammars of the 16th century. (The Grammar of 1586, The Grammar "Adelfotis" in 1591, The Grammar of Lavrеntii Zizanii in 1596) The term is a linguistic unit for special purposes, which is the verbalized result of professional thinking, which denotes the concept of a certain scientific theory and serves to coding (concentration, fixation, storage), transmission (transfer of information), communicate, transmutation of knowledge (cognition: comprehension, processing, augmentation) and orientation in a certain special area, therefore an important place in describing the terminology of the past is assigned to the orientational aspect, which allows us to analyze the terms not only from the perspective of origin, word-formation, functioning, but also from the perspective of the explanation of the rationality of the author's nomination and the appropriateness of the perception of it by the addressee. Terminology is explored through the prism of the linguistic persona of grammarians by using the method of logical-semantic analysis. At the stage of generation of the terminology of the doctrine of morphemic and word formation, the large number of calquing terms (almost 50% of the total number) was used. The Russian basis of the calquing was found out, which consists in the existence in the Russian language of the lexical-semantic method of derivation. Also for this stage, the functioning of terms formed by substantivation is characterized. Dynamics of the exponent of terms of morphology and word-formation of the XVI century is due to the variation and synonymy, the dynamics of significatum – the reality (changes in language) and the development of scientific knowledge. In the XVI century the terminological system in the field of word-formation is formed as a system, with enough clearly appeared hypo-hyperonical relations.
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Vostrikova, Ekaterina V. "Von Humboldt on Language, Contemporary Linguistics, and the Mission of a Linguist." Voprosy Filosofii, no. 3 (2021): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/0042-8744-2021-3-52-56.
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This article examines the ideas of W. von Humboldt on language and their similarities and differences with the fundamental ideas about the nature of natural languages within the generative framework founded by N. Chomsky. Chomsky famously argued that von Humboldt expressed and defended some of the key ideas of the generative approach. This paper relates Chomsky’s idea of the innate universal grammar and idea of generative rules as the underlying basis of the language creativity to the similar ideas of W. von Humboldt. The paper also discusses Humboldt’s problematic from the generative perspective view that natural languages can have a primitive or an advance grammar. The paper considers a possible explanation for the fact that this idea seemed consistent to Humboldt with the idea of the innate universal grammar. The contemporary linguistics views all grammars of all languages as equal because a natural language is considered to be a biological feature of our species developed in the process of evolution. This idea was not present in Humboldt’s philosophy, which made it possible for him to think that some natural languages have not fully developed a potential hidden in its speakers. In this regard, the author considers the question of the social mission of the linguist; emphasizes that this is a fight against prejudices based on unscientific understanding of languages and dialects.
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Broekhuis, Hans. "A typology of clause structure." Linguistic Variation Yearbook 2010 10 (December 31, 2010): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/livy.10.01bro.
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Current generative grammar predicts a larger set of transitive structures than the six types normally mentioned in the typological handbooks (SVO, SOV, VSO, etc). The main cause of this discrepancy is that, whereas generative grammar investigates the hierarchical positions of the verb and its arguments, most typological research is concerned with their relative surface order. In order to bring together these two lines of research, we have to translate the predictions of generative grammar into a more sophisticated typology in linear terms that can be taken as the point of departure for future typological research. This programmatic article is written in the hope that the generative grammar may help typologists to find certain so far unknown typological differences between languages, and that typologists, in turn, may help generative grammar by providing the relevant typological data that are needed to evaluate the competing theoretical proposals and to improve the most successful ones. Keywords: word order typology, phrase structure theory, verb movement, adverb placement.
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Singh, Rajdeep. "Derivational Grammar Model and Basket Verb: A Novel Approach to the Inflectional Phrase in the Generative Grammar and Cognitive Processing." English Linguistics Research 7, no. 2 (June 10, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/elr.v7n2p9.
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Generative grammar was a true revolution in the linguistics. However, to describe language behavior in its semantic essence and universal aspects, generative grammar needs to have a much richer semantic basis. In this paper, we took a novel morpho-syntactic approach to the inflectional phrase to account for the very diverse inflectional phrase qualities in different languages. Some languages show a very different surface verbal inflection, providing evidence of a different mental processing at the semantic level. In fact, the inflectional phrase is a great representative of the mental and semantic processing layers in mind. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the inflectional phrase with a novel approach to take into account this rich verbal inflectional configuration in languages, and to describe why some languages behave in a different way in the spatial and temporal aspect. In this study, we analyzed and discussed the verbal inflectional structure of several languages, including German, Swahili, Persian, English, and Indonesian, and our result is the introduction of a semantic model which provides a much richer insight to the semantics/syntax interplay.
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Li, Haojie, and Tongde Zhang. "The Evolution of Lexicon in Generative Grammar." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1401.26.
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The lexicon is a microcosm of the development in generative grammar. It has its own idiosyncrasy from no status at the outset to the position of all variations among languages in generative grammar. Recently, the lexicon is much greatly simplified in Neo-constructivism, which conforms to the fact that language is a recent and emergent system in biolinguistics and meets the needs of a genuine explanation: learnability and evolvability. Future research on the lexicon will proceed in these directions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Slavic languages – Grammar, Generative"
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Caink, Andrew David. "The lexical interface : closed class items in south Slavic and English." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5026/.
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This thesis argues for a minimalist theory of dual lexicalization. It presents a unified analysis of South Slavic and English auxiliaries and accounts for the distribution of South Slavic clitic clusters. The analysis moves much minor cross-linguistic variation out of the syntax into the lexicon and the level of Phonological Form. Following a critique of various approaches to lexical insertion in Chomskyan models, we adapt Emonds' (1994, 1997) theory of syntactic and phonological lexicalization for a model employing bare phrase structure. We redefine 'extended projection' in this theory, and revise the mechanism of 'Alternative Realization', whereby formal features associated with (possibly null) XP may be realised on another node. Pronominal clitics are one example of Alternative Realization. We claim that the Serbian/Croatian/Bosnian clitic cluster is phonologically lexicalized on the highest head in the extended projection. The clitic auxiliaries in SCB are not auxiliaries, but the altemative realization of features in 1º without categorial specification, hence the distribution of the clitic cluster as a whole. We show how a verb's extended projection may be extended by 'restructuring' verbs, allowing clitic climbing. In Bulgarian/Macedonian, the clausal clitic cluster appears on the highest [+V] head in the extended projection, determined by the categorial specifications of the auxiliaries. In the DP, the possessive dative clitic forms a clitic cluster with the determmer, its distribution determined by the realization of the Dº feature. SCB and Bulgarian clitic clusters require a phonological host in the domain of lexicalization: phonological lexicalization into the Wackemagel Position occurs as a 'last resort'. The treatment of auxiliaries and restructuring verbs m English and South Slavic derives from their lexical entries. Dual lexicalization and bracketing of features in the lexicon allows variation in trace licensing, optional word orders, and minor language-specific phonological idiosyncrasies.
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Hoyos, Jacob. "PLPrepare: A Grammar Checker for Challenging Cases." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3898.
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This study investigates one of the Polish language’s most arbitrary cases: the genitive masculine inanimate singular. It collects and ranks several guidelines to help language learners discern its proper usage and also introduces a framework to provide detailed feedback regarding arbitrary cases. The study tests this framework by implementing and evaluating a hybrid grammar checker called PLPrepare. PLPrepare performs similarly to other grammar checkers and is able to detect genitive case usages and provide feedback based on a number of error classifications.
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Schwanhäu[beta]er, Barbara. "Lexical tone perception and production the role of language and musical background /." View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/31791.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, 2007."A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, MARCS Auditory Laboratories in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Includes bibliography.
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Nonato, Rafael Bezerra. "Ainore Boe egore : um estudo descritivo da lingua bororo e consequencias para a teoria de caso e concordancia." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/269131.
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Orientador: Maria Filomena Spatti SandaloDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: A língua bororo tem cerca de 700 falantes, distribuídos em cinco aldeias na região de Rondonópolis, MT. O bororo é a última língua viva da família Bororo (as outras, de acordo com Kaufman (1994) eram o umutina, cujo último falante morreu recentemente, o otuké, e um suposto dialeto chamado bororo ocidental). Essa dissertação começa com uma breve introdução (seção 1) e um sumário das atividades realizadas em campo (seção 2). Em seguida, debruça-se sobre seus dois principais assuntos: na primeira parte (seção 3), é uma gramática descritiva da língua bororo e, na segunda (seção 4), propõe um modelo teórico com base nos dados da língua. Por último, inclui três apêndices: um léxico bororo-português (Apêndice 1), as sentenças elicitadas em trabalho de campo (Apêndice 2) e as narrativas coletadas em campo e analisadas (Apêndice 3). A gramática da seção 3 emprega sobretudo os termos provenientes da tradição gramatical que vem dos gregos. A simbologia da gramática de linha gerativa foi usada somente em alguns pontos que ela permitia apresentar de forma mais elegante e precisa. O modelo apresentado na segunda parte dessa dissertação se baseia na teoria delineada em Chomsky (2000, 2001). Dadas as evidências de que essa teoria não é capaz de explicar os fenômenos de caso, concordância e movimento da língua bororo, são propostas revisões que, em essência, resgatam à sintaxe o movimento dos núcleos verbais (o qual fora relegado ao componente fonológico em Chomsky 2001), ligando-o explicativamente aos fenômenos de caso e concordância e movimento de argumentos. Além de dar conta dos dados de uma língua ergativa ativa como bororo, esse modelo é estendido para outros sistemas de caso e concordância (ergativos e acusativos) e explica a Generalização de Holmberg
Abstract: Bororo has around 700 speakers, living in five villages in the region of Rondonópolis, MT. It is the last living language of the Bororoan family (the others, according to Kaufman (1994) were Umutina, whose last speaker died recently, Otuké, and a supposed dialect called West Bororo). This dissertation begins with a brief introduction (section 1) and a summary of the activities developed in the field (section 2). After that, it concentrates on its two main subjects: in the first part (section 3), it is a descriptive grammar of Bororo and, in the second (section 4), it proposes a theoretical model based on the data from this language. At last, it includes three appendixes: a Bororo-Portuguese lexicon (Appendix 1), the sentences elicited in the field (Appendix 2) and the stories collected and analyzed (Appendix 3). The grammar in section 3 employs mostly the terms from the grammar tradition that comes from the Greeks. Symbolism of the generative grammar is used only in some parts that it allowed to present in a more elegant a precise way. The model presented in the second part of this dissertation is based on the theory sketched in Chomsky (2000, 2001). Given the evidence that this theory doesn't account for the phenomena of case, agreement and movement of Bororo, some revisions are proposed in order to, essentially, rescue head movement to the syntax (head movement had been left to PF by Chomsky 2001), linking it explicatively to the phenomena of case and agreement and argument movement. Besides accounting for the data of an ergative active language as Bororo, this model is extended to other systems of case and agreement (ergative and accusative alike) and explains Holmberg Generalization
Mestrado
Linguistica
Mestre em Linguística
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Rivelis, Eugene. "Kak vozmožen dvujazycnyj slovar’." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Slaviska institutionen, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7127.
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This study applies major principles of cognitive linguistics to the task of developing a novel model of the bilingual dictionary called the dictionary for productive comprehension (DPC). Based on conceptual analysis and coherent network representation of entry words, multi-word expressions, and constructions, the DPC provides access to the conventional linguistic knowledge of native speakers. In seeing linguistic units as contentful symbolic forms, the DPC is designed with a view of language as a lexicogrammatical continuum. By constructing the bilingual dictionary at the intersections of the two languages’ concepts under clearly specified conditions of their neutralization, it is given theoretical status. However, the main purport of this study is in the realm of applied lexicography. Among its tasks are: operationalizing conceptual analysis by establishing heuristically viable discovery procedures; working out guidelines for converting conceptual networks into the microstructure of dictionary entries, and for organizing its macrostructure as a natural-language thesaurus of lexicalized and lexicogrammatical concepts; laying a foundation for selecting and locating MWEs, proverbial expressions and constructions in a principled way, and suggesting approaches to organizing the constructicon, the part of the dictionary that contains schematic constructions. The DPC model offers effective remedies for the two major faults of the conventional bilingual dictionary, i.e. unrecognizability of the SL entry as a coherent whole by the TL user, and, consequently, inability to suggest precise cognitive orientations for the user's own production of an equivalent TL text. It proves that the bilingual dictionary can be something other than an inventory of disparate senses, a boundless set of translation equivalents, or an eclectic mixture of the two. By maintaining conceptual integrity of linguistic units, DPC affords the user a means of grasping the essence of a foreign word, MWE, or construction as if they were units of one’s native speech, as well as a generative potential with regard to translating into the TL. At the same time, by making conventional linguistic knowledge of the native speaker explicit, DPC serves the purpose of a learner’s dictionary.
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Kroik, David. "Differential object marking in South Saami." Licentiate thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för språkstudier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-124959.
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This licentiate thesis investigates the case and the syntactic position of the direct object in South Saami. The focus is on plural direct objects, which have Differential Object Marking, a phenomenon in which the case alternates between different types of direct objects. In South Saami, some direct objects carry the accusative case form in the plural, while others only carry the plural marker. This variation of suffix displayed on the direct object is contingent on definiteness; definite direct objects consistently display the accusative case form in the plural while indefinite direct objects, specific and nonspecific alike, lack accusative morphology. In addition to case marking, the study presents an analysis of the alternation of the syntactic position of some direct objects. Definite and indefinite specific direct objects can be realized in two positions: as the complement of the verb or in a position as specifier of the light verb projection. By contrast, indefinite nonspecific direct objects obligatorily surface in the complement position of the verb. This variability in syntactic position of some direct objects is analyzed by means of a Specificity Operator, adjoined to the DP-level of every specific NP, definite and indefinite. The operator moves as an instance of quantifier raising in order to take scope over Existential Closure (EC). EC binds NPs in its domain and give them an existential reading. Therefore, when the Specificity Operator raises, it anchors the DP it is adjoined to in a domain, which is unbound by EC and therefore facilitates a specific interpretation. The operator, void of phonological content, can raise alone to the specifier of vP as an instance of covert movement. The operator can also Pied-pipe the DP it is adjoined to, which results in overt movement of the DP. Indefinite nonspecific direct objects lack the Specificity Operator and therefore they remain in-situ in the VP, where they are bound by EC. In addition to its theoretical value, the thesis will be of use for teachers, students and others with an interest in a better understanding of the case form and the position of the direct object in South Saami.Daennie licentiaatetjaalegisnie gïehtjedem guktie Åarjelsamien direkte objeekth gelliengiertesne kaasushgïetjieh åadtjoeh. Manne gelliengiertem veeljeme juktie åarjelaemien gïele Differential Object Marking åtna. Naakenh direkte objeekth dam giehtjiem -idie guedtieh, mij ackusatijvem gelliengïertesne muana. Jeatjah direkte objeekth barre låhkoegiehtjiem -h guedtieh, mij ajve gelliengïertem muana, menh ij kaasusem. Dan åvteste direkte objeekti kaasushaamoeh molsedieh. Mov gïehtjidimmie vuesehte ahte definijte direkteobjeekth gelliengiertesne dam ackusatijvegïehtjiem. Eah indefinijte direkte objeekth dam gïethjiem utnieh, valla barre gelliengierehaamoem utnieh. Manne vielie gïehtjedem gusnie, dennie raaje- sisnie, leah dej direkte objeekti sijjieh. Gaavneme ahte joekehtsh leah aaj ovmessie direkte objeekti gaskoeh. Definijte jïh indefinijte specifijke direkte objeekth utnieh göökte sijjieh gusnie maehtieh jïjhtedh, valla indefinite ovspecifijke direkte objeekth utnieh ajve aktem sijjiem gusnie maehtieh årrodh. Gaajhkh dah golme ovmessie direkte objeekth maehtieh maadthsijjesne årrodh goh verben komplemeente, valla definijte jïh indefinijte specifijke direkte objeekth maehtieh aaj aktene vP:n specificeerijisnie jïjhtedh. Manne daam joekehtehtem jïh vuesehtem mannasinie naemhtie jis. Mov innovasjovne lea akte specifijkeoperatovre. Dïhte lea adjungeradamme fïerhten DP:se mij lea definijte jallh indefinijte specifijke. Dïhte operatovre iktesth bæjjene DP:n sistie vP specificeerijen sïjse, men dïhte maahta aaj dam DP:m buektedh Pied-pipingen tjïrrh. Dïhte specifijkeoperatovre bæjjene juktie edtja baataridh Existential Closuren (EC) jaksoste. Gosse operatovre bæjjene, dïhte dan sov DP:m dïbrehte akten domeenese, gusnie specifijke guarkoe daerpies sjædta. Dah direkte objeekt mah eah specifijkeoperatovrem utnieh tjoerieh baetsedh VP:n sijse, jïh dannasinie EC dejtie veadta. Dannasinie existentielle guarkoem åadtjoeh. Daate tjaalege vihkeles lingvistihke teorijese, valla aaj lohkehtæjjide, learoehkidie jïh jeatjide guhth sïjhth buerebe guarkedh mij kaasusidie lea direkte objeekten jïh gusnie, dennie raajesisnie, dïhte objeekte jæjhta.
I den här licentiatavhandling undersöks kasusformen hos de direkta objekten och deras syntaktiska position i sydsamiskan. Fokus ligger på direkta objekt i pluralis, vilka uppvisar fenomenet differentiell objektsmarkering, som innebär att vissa direkta objekt bär ackusativsuffixet i plural medan andra endast bär pluralsuffixet. Denna variation i objektsmarkering är känslig för definithet. Definita direkta objekt har accusativändelsen medan indefinita, både specifika och icke-specifika direkta objekt, saknar den. Utöver själva realiseringen av kasussuffix undersöks också de direkta objektens syntaktiska position. En analys presenteras som definierar olika typer av nominalfraser och skiljer definita och specifika direkta objekt från icke-specifika direkta objekt. Den första typen uppvisar variation i sin syntaktiska placering och har möjligheten att dyka upp både i komplementställning till verbet och i en den lilla verbfrasens specificerare, det vill säga vid gränsen för den lexikala fasen. Indefinita icke-specifika direkta objekt, som utgör den andra typen, kan bara uppträda i en position som komplement till verbet. På basis av den analys som inkluderar min innovation Specifikhetsoperatorn, vilken är adjungerad till alla definita och specifika direkta objekts DP-nivå, kan de två positionerna förklaras. Specifikhetsoperatorn flyttar alltid till vP:s specifierare som en kvantifierarinteraktion, där Specifikhetstoperatorn får räckvidd över Existential Closure (EC) och förankrar sin DP i en domän där en specifik tolkning blir nödvändig. Detta är en typ av osynlig flytt. Flytten kan också vara synlig. I det fallet sker medfraktning (Pied-piping) när Specifikhetsoperatorn tar med sig den DP den är adjungerad till när den flyttar till vPs specifierare. Direkta object som saknar Specifikhetsoperatorn stannar i positionen som komplement till verbet och binds därför av EC, vilket leder till att de får en existentiell tolkning. Bortom sitt värde för lingvistisk teoribildning kommer avhandlingen också att bli viktig för lärare, studenter och elever såväl som för andra med ett intresse av att bättre förstå vilket kasus som uppträder på sydsamiska direkta objekt och dessa objekts position i satsen.
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Faria, Pablo 1978. "Um modelo computacional de aquisição de primeira língua." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/268869.
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Orientadores: Ruth Elisabeth Vasconcellos Lopes, Charlotte Marie Chamberlland GalvesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Neste trabalho, o fenômeno de aquisição de uma língua natural é investigado através de uma modelagem computacional. O aprendiz modelado - apelidado de IASMIM - se caracteriza como um modelo computacional integrado de aquisição de primeira língua, visto que integra os processos de aquisição lexical e sintática. Além disso, o modelo foi concebido de modo a atender certos critérios de plausibilidade empírica e psicológica. A perspectiva teórica que norteia a investigação é a da Gramática Gerativa (cf. Chomsky, 1986) e este é um modelo voltado para a competência linguística, não um modelo de processamento ou de performance (i.e., de uso do conhecimento linguístico). O aprendiz modelado é capaz de adquirir um conhecimento gramatical relativamente abrangente e demonstra algum potencial translinguístico, particularmente no que diz respeito a variações de ordem. As simulações para avaliação do modelo permitem observar a emergência de padrões de adjunção e de recursividade na gramática, considerados aqui como as principais evidências de um conhecimento sintático mais elaborado. Finalmente, o modelo incorpora algumas noções caras à teoria sintática no âmbito do Programa Minimalista (cf. Chomsky, 1995b), tais como set- Merge, pair-Merge, "traço seletor" (cf. Chomsky, 1998), em conjunto com assunções sobre a binariedade das representações sintáticas e a hipótese de que a ordem linear não tem papel na sintaxe (cf. Uriagereka, 1999). O modelo incorpora, ainda, uma versão da representação semântico-conceitual proposta em Jackendoff (1990). Nesta modelagem, estas noções e assunções ganham uma interpretação concreta e integrada, interagindo na determinação das propriedades do conhecimento adquirido
Abstract: In the present work, the acquisition of natural languages is investigated through a computer simulation. The modelled learner - dubbed IASMIM - is characterized as an integrated computational model of first language acquisition, in the sense that it integrates the processes of lexical and syntactic acquisition. Furthermore, the model was conceived in order to be empirically and psychologically plausible. The theoretical perspective of this enterprise is that of Generative Grammar (cf. Chomsky, 1986) and this is a model concerned with linguistic competence, rather than language processing or performance (i.e., how the acquired knowledge is put to use). The modelled learner is capable of acquiring a relatively broad grammatical knowledge and shows some crosslinguistic abilities, in particular, the ability to handle languages with distinct word orders. In the simulations for evaluation of the model we can observe the emergence of adjunction and recursive patterns in the grammar, taken here as the main pieces of evidence of a more elaborated syntactic knowledge. Finally, the model embodies some central notions for syntactic theory under the Minimalist Program (cf. Chomsky, 1995b), such as set-Merge, pair-Merge and "selector feature" (cf. Chomsky, 1998), together with the assumptions that syntactic representations are strictly binary branching and that linear word order has no significant role in syntactic phenomena (cf. Uriagereka, 1999). The model also embodies a version of the semantic-conceptual representation proposed in Jackendoff (1990). They take a concrete and integrated existence in this model, interacting with one another to determine the properties of the acquired grammatical knowledge
Doutorado
Linguistica
Doutor em Linguística
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Hrstka, Jan. "Systémy syntaktických analyzátorů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403112.
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This thesis provides a summary of knowledge of grammar systems. The thesis proposes modifications of parallel oriented grammar systems to be usable in sequential parsing. Concept of grammar systems is extended to level of entire parsers, that are grouped into parsing system. Then the properties of these systems are examined. The aim of thesis is to introduce approaches to syntactic analysis based on grammar systems. Thesis is based on context-free methods of syntactic analysis, extending them and connecting them together. Great attention is dedicated to increase generative capacity of LL and LR parsing. There were created context-free structures within this thesis, which are capable to generate context-sensitive languages. This work also provides a simple recipe for implementation of these structures. We introduced generic concept of parsing, that enlarge generative power of conventional parsing methods. Using presented techniques it is possible to extend many of often used languages with context-sensitive elements, especially elements contradicting with pumping lemma.
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Ibero, Carlos. "El modelo transformacional de la gramática generativa en la práctica de la subtitulación : Aplicación destinada a transmitir la significación y superar las limitaciones espacio-temporales." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-36678.
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Subtitling is a discipline within the Audiovisual Translation (AVT) field that requires some special techniques and strategies to channel the information from a multichannel and polisemiotic document into a written text within the screen. It’s a constrained translation that demands an additional effort to convey the content and the form of the source text into the target one. The aim of this paper is to analyse whether the model of the kernel sentences and clausal ranks of the generative-transformational grammar would work as a more systematic method to extract the essential information of the audiovisual text and organize it in more concise and reduced units of text, i. e., the subtitles. We will also analyse whether this linguistic approach will be enough to meet our objective or if, on the other hand, other extralinguistic aspects intervene. The texts we will be using for our study are Roy Andersson’s commentary on three deleted scenes of his film “Songs from the second floor” and the documentary Den lilla människans storhet, a behind-the-scenes or making-of on the same feature.
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Franks, Steven Laurence. "Matrices and indices some problems in the syntax of case /." 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/13104110.html.
Full textBooks on the topic "Slavic languages – Grammar, Generative"
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Parameters of Slavic morphosyntax. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
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Null-subject properties of Slavic languages: With special reference to Russian, Czech, and Sorbian. München: Otto Sagner, 1998.
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GLiP Conference (2nd 2000 Warsaw, Poland). Generative linguistics in Poland: Syntax and morphosyntax : proceedings of the GLiP-2 Conference held in Warsaw, Poland, 9-10 December 2000. Edited by Przepiórkowski Adam 1968- and Barański Piotr. Warszawa: Instytut podstaw informatyki PAN, 2001.
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Giannakidou, Anastasia, Lilia Schürcks, and Urtzi Etxeberria. The nominal structure in Slavic and beyond. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2014.
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Generativna fonologija hrvatske redakcije crkvenoslavenskog jezika. Zagreb: Filozofski fakultet, Odsjek za opću lingvistiku i orijentalne studije, 1991.
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Cinque, Guglielmo. Types of Ā-dependencies. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1990.
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Greenberg, Robert D. The Balkan Slavic appellative. Muenchen: LINCOM Europa, 1996.
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Agata, Kochańska, ed. Cognitive paths into the Slavic domain. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2007.
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Peteghem, Marleen van. Les phrases copulatives dans les langues romanes. Wilhelmsfeld: G. Egert, 1991.
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Kester, Ellen-Petra. Adnominal participles and infinitives in Germanic and Romance languages. Alessandria: Edizioni dell'orso, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Slavic languages – Grammar, Generative"
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Georgescu, Gianina. "On the generative capacity of splicing grammar systems." In New Trends in Formal Languages, 330–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-62844-4_24.
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"26. Principles of Generative Syntax." In Die slavischen Sprachen / The Slavic Languages, 324–33. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110214475.1.5.324.
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"24. Targets, Theory and Methods of Slavic Generative Syntax: Minimalism, Negation and Clitics." In Die slavischen Sprachen / The Slavic Languages, 282–316. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110214475.1.5.282.
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Platzack, Christer. "19. Nordic language history and generative transformational grammar." In The Nordic Languages, Part 1. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110197051-020.
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Izotov, Andrey. "Comparative Grammar of Slavic Languages for Students of Russian and Slavic Studies: Syllabus." In Language – Mind – Communication. Issue 43, 101–10. LLC MAKS Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m35.lmc2011-43/101-110.
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Barankova, Galina S. "About the Second Edition of the Proto-Slavic Grammar by G. A. Ilyinsky." In Palaeoslavistica: Lexicology and Textology. In commemoration of R. M. Cejtlin’s 100th birthday, 315–39. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2658-3372.2021.21.18.
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The article describes the discovery of the manuscript of the second edition of the Proto-Slavic Grammar by G. A. Ilyinsky, which was not published due to the approval of the “new doctrine on language” by N. Ya. Marr in the Soviet linguistics of the 1930s. The manuscript of the second edition, which had been considered lost, was kept at the N. Y. Marr Institute of Language and Thought (now the Institute of Linguistic Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences). It is located in St. Pe-tersburg. Department of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (f. 77. Inventory 7. d. 61–64) and is a handwritten copy of the text of the Proto-Slavic grammar by the wife of the scientist A. Ya. Ilyinskaya (without the first 224 sheets of the Introduction, which are stored separately). The total volume of the manuscript is 1596 sheets. The article briefly describes the composition of Ilyinsky’s work, especially noting the differences between the second, significantly expanded edition, and the first, including a significant replenishment of scientific works considered in each chapter, a review of the achievements in the study of the Proto-Slavic language in the 1920s; a significant expansion of the research material, including an increased number of Indo-European languages used for comparison; the author's revision of some of the conclusions set out in the first edition. The appendix contains a fragment of Chapter VI “Lexical interaction of the Proto-Slavic language with other neighboring languages”.
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Petrukhina, Elena. "SYSTEM APPROACH IN THE STUDY OF DERIVATION AND MORPHOLOGY IN THE SLAVIC LANGUAGES AND THE NEW SCIENTIFIC PARADIGM." In Czech Linguistics in Russia in the new Millennium : Collection of articles dedicated to the memory of the honoured professor of the Lomonosov Moscow State University Alexandra Grigoryevna Shirokova, 13–28. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1493.978-5-317-06484-6/13-28.
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The articles referring to the works of A. G. Shirokova considers the actuality of the system and function approaches in modern linguistics, including comparative analysis of Slavic languages. It also discusses possible applications and further development of these approaches with regard to Slavic word formation and the category of aspect. The author shows that it is hardly possible to explain the differences in semantics and use of aspect (as well as other grammar forms) between Russian and Czech without the system approach.
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Faarlund, Jan Terje. "Introduction." In The Syntax of Mainland Scandinavian, 1–6. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817918.003.0001.
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The chapter has three parts. The first part is an introduction to the Mainland Scandinavian languages, with a brief sketch of their history, their relationship to the other Scandinavian languages, and their position among the North Germanic languages. Mainland Scandinavian is treated as one language, since it consists of a continuum of mutually intelligible dialects across Scandinavia. The second part is a presentation of the sources and the origin of the examples used in the book. They are taken from various sources, reference grammars, research literature, the internet, text corpora, and original research. The third part is a presentation of the theoretical background and the descriptive framework, which is generative grammar in its current version, known as ‘minimalism’.
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Harris, Randy Allen. "The Beauty of Deep Structure." In The Linguistics Wars, 15–64. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199740338.003.0002.
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This chapter charts the rise of Noam Chomsky’s Transformational-Generative Grammar, from its cornerstone role in the cognitive revolution up to its widely heralded realization in Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. That realization featured the development of an evocative concept, Deep Structure, a brilliant nexus of meaning and structure that integrates seamlessly with Chomsky’s companion idea, Universal Grammar, the notion that all languages share a critical, genetically encoded core. At a technical level, Deep Structure concentrated meaning because of the Katz-Postal Principle, stipulating that transformations cannot change meaning. Transformations rearrange structure while keeping meaning stable. The appeal of Deep Structure and Universal Grammar helped Transformational Grammar propagate rapidly into language classrooms, literary studies, stylistics, and computer science, gave massive impetus to the emergence of psycholinguistics, attracted substantial military and educational funding, and featured prominently in Chomsky’s meteoric intellectual stardom.
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Égré, Paul. "Philosophy of Linguistics." In The Philosophy of Science. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190690649.003.0017.
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This chapter is an enquiry into the goals and methods of linguistics, with the aim of understanding both the specifics of the discipline and the relationships between linguists’ take on the methodology of their field and general principles of philosophy of science. The first part highlights linguistics as an inquiry into language, as opposed to languages. The second part describes the shift from structural linguistics to generative grammar as a paradigm shift, involving major changes in both what is studied and how it is studied. The next section focuses on the empirical import of contemporary linguistics, discussing standards of explanation and prediction, as well as confirmation and refutation of linguistic hypotheses. The last part introduces linguistic universals, what they are and how they may be identified and explained, thus making explicit the connection with the goal of understanding not only the variety of languages but the faculty of language.
Conference papers on the topic "Slavic languages – Grammar, Generative"
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Номати, М. "Эволюция взглядов С. Б. Бернштейна на кашубский вопрос." In Межкультурное и межъязыковое взаимодействие в пространстве Славии (к 110-летию со дня рождения С. Б. Бернштейна). Институт славяноведения РАН, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0459-6.22.
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Samuil B. Bernstein was one of the most renowned Soviet and Russian Slavists, who had an unmatched scholarly breadth and depth and was interested in all aspects of Slavic linguistics. Though he was famous as a specialist in the South Slavic languages and Slavic historical and comparative grammar, he was equally interested in West Slavic languages, particularly in Polish, including Kashubian. In his lifetime, Bernstein did not write much about Kashubian, but from little that he wrote, it seems clear that he changed his views toward Kashubian several times. In this presentation, I will analyze Bernstein’s published and unpublished materials in order to establish at what points in his career, and for what reasons, he changed his views on Kashubian.
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Карпенко, Л. Б. "Возрождение отечественной славистики: к 110-летию профессора С. Б. Бернштейна." In Межкультурное и межъязыковое взаимодействие в пространстве Славии (к 110-летию со дня рождения С. Б. Бернштейна). Институт славяноведения РАН, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0459-6.04.
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The report traces the role of the outstanding Soviet slavist, professor S. Bernstein in the revival of Russian Slavic studies in the second half of the XX century. The author relies on the memoirs of scientists of the Institute of Slavic Studies and Moscow University and on the materials of the book of memoirs of S. Bernstein “Zigzags of Memory” (2002). The name “Zigzags of memory” correlates not only with the memories of the scientist, but also with the zigzags of the history of Russian Slavic science. The author traces the path of Slavic science in the Soviet period, which was thorny due to the well-known persecution of slavistics in the 20–30 years of the XX century. In the middle of the XX century, prof. S. B. Bernstein became the organizer of the revival of the entire Slavic branch. The role of the scientist in the organization of the Slavic department of Moscow State University and the training of slavists, in the work of the Institute of Slavic Studies, in the development of a number of significant science areas is shown: slavic dialectology and linguogeography, comparative historical grammar of slavic languages, ethnolinguistics and slavic antiquities, Cyril and Methodius problems, etc.