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Academic literature on the topic 'Skyrmions'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Skyrmions"

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Shimojima, Takahiro, Asuka Nakamura, Xiuzhen Yu, Kosuke Karube, Yasujiro Taguchi, Yoshinori Tokura, and Kyoko Ishizaka. "Nano-to-micro spatiotemporal imaging of magnetic skyrmion’s life cycle." Science Advances 7, no. 25 (June 2021): eabg1322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg1322.

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Magnetic skyrmions are self-organized topological spin textures that behave like particles. Because of their fast creation and typically long lifetime, experimental verification of skyrmion’s creation/annihilation processes has been challenging. Here, we successfully track skyrmion dynamics in defect-introduced Co9Zn9Mn2 by using pump-probe Lorentz transmission electron microscope. Following the nanosecond photothermal excitation, we resolve 160-nm skyrmion’s proliferation at <1 ns, contraction at 5 ns, drift from 10 ns to 4 μs, and coalescence at ~5 μs. These motions relay the multiscale arrangement and relaxation of skyrmion clusters in a repeatable cycle of 20 kHz. Such repeatable dynamics of skyrmions, arising from the weakened but still persistent topological protection around defects, enables us to visualize the whole life of the skyrmions and demonstrates the possible high-frequency manipulations of topological charges brought by skyrmions.
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Portengen, T., J. R. Chapman, V. Nikos Nicopoulos, and N. F. Johnson. "Optics with Quantum Hall Skyrmions." International Journal of Modern Physics B 12, no. 01 (January 10, 1998): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979298000028.

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A novel type of charged excitation, known as a Skyrmion, has recently been discovered in quantum Hall systems with filling factor near ν=1. A Skyrmion — which can be thought of as a topological twist in the spin density of the electron gas — has the same charge as an electron, but a much larger spin. In this review we present a detailed theoretical investigation of the optical properties of Skyrmions. Our results provide means for the optical detection of Skyrmions using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. We first consider the optical properties of Skyrmions in disordered systems. A calculation of the luminescence energy reveals a special optical signature which allows us to distinguish between Skyrmions and ordinary electrons. Two experiments to measure the optical signature are proposed. We then turn to the optical properties of Skyrmions in pure systems. We show that, just like an ordinary electron, a Skyrmion may bind with a hole to form a Skyrmionic exciton. The Skyrmionic exciton can have a lower energy than the ordinary magnetoexciton. The optical signature of Skyrmions is found to be a robust feature of the PL spectrum in both disordered and pure systems.
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Wolf, Daniel, Sebastian Schneider, Ulrich K. Rößler, András Kovács, Marcus Schmidt, Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski, Bernd Büchner, Bernd Rellinghaus, and Axel Lubk. "Unveiling the three-dimensional magnetic texture of skyrmion tubes." Nature Nanotechnology 17, no. 3 (December 20, 2021): 250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41565-021-01031-x.

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AbstractMagnetic skyrmions are stable topological solitons with complex non-coplanar spin structures. Their nanoscopic size and the low electric currents required to control their motion has opened a new field of research, skyrmionics, that aims for the usage of skyrmions as information carriers. Further advances in skyrmionics call for a thorough understanding of their three-dimensional (3D) spin texture, skyrmion–skyrmion interactions and the coupling to surfaces and interfaces, which crucially affect skyrmion stability and mobility. Here, we quantitatively reconstruct the 3D magnetic texture of Bloch skyrmions with sub-10-nanometre resolution using holographic vector-field electron tomography. The reconstructed textures reveal local deviations from a homogeneous Bloch character within the skyrmion tubes, details of the collapse of the skyrmion texture at surfaces and a correlated modulation of the skyrmion tubes in FeGe along their tube axes. Additionally, we confirm the fundamental principles of skyrmion formation through an evaluation of the 3D magnetic energy density across these magnetic solitons.
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Yu, X. Z., D. Morikawa, K. Nakajima, K. Shibata, N. Kanazawa, T. Arima, N. Nagaosa, and Y. Tokura. "Motion tracking of 80-nm-size skyrmions upon directional current injections." Science Advances 6, no. 25 (June 2020): eaaz9744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz9744.

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Nanometer-scale skyrmions are prospective candidates for information bits in low–power consumption devices owing to their topological nature and controllability with low current density. Studies on skyrmion dynamics in different classes of materials have exploited the topological Hall effect and current-driven fast motion of skyrmionic bubbles. However, the small current track motion of a single skyrmion and few-skyrmion aggregates remains elusive. Here, we report the tracking of creation and extinction and motion of 80-nm-size skyrmions upon directional one–current pulse excitations at low current density of the order of 109 A m−2 in designed devices with the notched hole. The Hall motion of a single skyrmion and the torque motions of few-skyrmion aggregates have been directly revealed. The results exemplify low–current density controls of skyrmions, which will pave the way for the application of skyrmions.
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Yuan, Yingyue, Zhaozhuo Zeng, Jianing Wang, Yunxu Ma, Senfu Zhang, Jinwu Wei, Jianbo Wang, and Qingfang Liu. "A skyrmion helicity-based multistate memory in synthetic antiferromagnets." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 23 (December 21, 2022): 233903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0130720.

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Skyrmions in synthetic antiferromagnets (SAFs) are famous for being immune to the skyrmion Hall effect and hold the advantages of significantly higher speed for motion and smaller size than ferromagnetic systems. Therefore, skyrmions in SAFs are promising in spintronic devices. Here, we investigated the formation and in-plane-current-driven motion of bilayer skyrmions in the absence of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction by using micromagnetic simulations. Then, we studied the spacing variation between consecutive skyrmionic bits on the antiferromagnetic coupled nanotrack; it is found that there is an equilibrium distance between two Bloch skyrmions with opposite helicities. We also propose a reasonable method to distinguish skyrmions with opposite helicities. Finally, we displayed that the SAF skyrmion could pass through impurities due to topological protection. Based on these results, we designed the skyrmion helicity-based multistate memory devices in the SAF system, which have the advantages of high density and energy efficiency.
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Hu, Ping, Hong-Wei Wu, Wen-Jun Sun, Nong Zhou, Xue Chen, Yong-Qiang Yang, and Zong-Qiang Sheng. "Observation of localized acoustic skyrmions." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 2 (January 9, 2023): 022201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0131777.

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Recently, acoustic skyrmions have been explored by tailoring velocity vectorial near-field distributions based on the interference of multiple spoof surface acoustic waves, providing new dimensions for advanced sound information processing, transport, and data storage. Here, we theoretically investigate and experimentally demonstrate that a deep-subwavelength spiral metastructure can also generate the acoustic skyrmion configuration. Analyzing the resonant response of the metastructure and observing the spatial profile of the velocity field, we find that the localized skyrmionic modes correspond to eigenmodes of the spiral structure. Thus, the skyrmionic modes do not require carefully tailored external excitation condition and they have multiple resonating frequencies unlike the single skyrmionic mode realized by the interference of multiple waves. We also demonstrate that the topological protected skyrmions supported by the subwavelength metastructure is robust against structure deformations and existence of structure defects. The real-space acoustic skyrmion topology may open new avenues for designing ultra-compact and robust acoustic devices, such as acoustic sensors, acoustic tweezers, and acoustic antennas.
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Liu, Jiahao, Zidong Wang, Teng Xu, Hengan Zhou, Le Zhao, Soong-Guen Je, Mi-Young Im, Liang Fang, and Wanjun Jiang. "The 20-nm Skyrmion Generated at Room Temperature by Spin-Orbit Torques." Chinese Physics Letters 39, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 017501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/39/1/017501.

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The discovery of magnetic skyrmions provides a promising pathway for developing functional spintronic memory and logic devices. Towards the future high-density memory application, nanoscale skyrmions with miniaturized diameters, ideally down to 20 nm are required. Using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism transmission microscopy, nanoscale skyrmions are observed in the [Pt/Co/Ir]15 multilayer at room temperature. In particular, small skyrmions with minimum diameters approaching 20 nm could be generated by the current-induced spin-orbit torques. Through implementing material specific parameters, the dynamic process of skyrmion generation is further investigated by performing micromagnetic simulations. According to the simulation results, we find that both the tube-like Néel-type skyrmions and the bobber-like Néel-type skyrmions can be electrically generated. In particular, the size of the bobber-like Néel-type skyrmions can be effectively reduced by the spin-orbit torques, which leads to the formation of 20 nm Néel-type skyrmions. Our findings could be important for understanding the formation dynamics of nanoscale Néel-type spin textures, skyrmions and bobber in particular, which could also be useful for promoting nanoscale skyrmionic memories and logic devices.
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Chen, Chao, Tao Lin, Jianteng Niu, Yiming Sun, Liu Yang, Wang Kang, and Na Lei. "Surface acoustic wave controlled skyrmion-based synapse devices." Nanotechnology 33, no. 11 (December 23, 2021): 115205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac3f14.

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Abstract Magnetic skyrmions, which are particle-like spin structures, are promising information carriers for neuromorphic computing devices due to their topological stability and nanoscale size. In this work, we propose controlling magnetic skyrmions by electric-field-excited surface acoustic waves in neuromorphic computing device structures. Our micromagnetic simulations show that the number of created skyrmions, which emulates the synaptic weight parameter, increases monotonically with increases in the amplitude of the surface acoustic waves. Additionally, the efficiency of skyrmion creation is investigated systemically with a wide range of magnetic parameters, and the optimal values are presented accordingly. Finally, the functionalities of short-term plasticity and long-term potentiation are demonstrated via skyrmion excitation by a sequence of surface acoustic waves with different intervals. The application of surface acoustic waves in skyrmionic neuromorphic computing devices paves a novel approach to low-power computing systems.
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Deng, Panluo, Fengjun Zhuo, Hang Li, and Zhenxiang Cheng. "Mirroring Skyrmions in Synthetic Antiferromagnets via Modular Design." Nanomaterials 13, no. 5 (February 25, 2023): 859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13050859.

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Skyrmions are promising for the next generation of spintronic devices, which involves the production and transfer of skyrmions. The creation of skyrmions can be realized by a magnetic field, electric field, or electric current while the controllable transfer of skyrmions is hindered by the skyrmion Hall effect. Here, we propose utilizing the interlayer exchange coupling induced by the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yoshida interactions to create skyrmions through hybrid ferromagnet/synthetic antiferromagnet structures. An initial skyrmion in ferromagnetic regions could create a mirroring skyrmion with an opposite topological charge in antiferromagnetic regions driven by the current. Furthermore, the created skyrmions could be transferred in synthetic antiferromagnets without deviations away from the main trajectories due to the suppression of the skyrmion Hall effect in comparison to the transfer of the skyrmion in ferromagnets. The interlayer exchange coupling can be tuned, and the mirrored skyrmions can be separated when they reach the desired locations. Using this approach, the antiferromagnetic coupled skyrmions can be repeatedly created in hybrid ferromagnet/synthetic antiferromagnet structures. Our work not only supplies a highly efficient approach to create isolated skyrmions and correct the errors in the process of skyrmion transport, but also paves the way to a vital information writing technique based on the motion of skyrmions for skyrmion-based data storage and logic devices.
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Dohi, Takaaki, Robert M. Reeve, and Mathias Kläui. "Thin Film Skyrmionics." Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics 13, no. 1 (March 10, 2022): 73–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031620-110344.

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In condensed matter physics, magnetic skyrmions, topologically stabilized magnetic solitons, have been discovered in various materials systems, which has intrigued the community in terms of not only fundamental physics but also with respect to engineering applications. In particular, skyrmions in thin films are easily manipulable by electrical means even at room temperature. Concomitantly, a variety of possible applications have been proposed and proof-of-concept devices have been demonstrated. Recently, the field of skyrmion-based electronics has been referred to as skyrmionics and this field has been rapidly growing and extended in multiple directions. This review provides recent progress for skyrmion research in thin film systems and we discuss promising new directions, which will further invigorate the field.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Skyrmions"

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Amaral, Marco Antônio. "Dinâmica de skyrmions e cristais de skyrmions auto-organizados." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2013. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/9561.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES, Brasil.
Tais redes são uma boa descrição de materiais reais quase bidimensionais, pois estes, com frequência, possuem defeitos e impurezas, bem como fortes efeitos de borda, impedindo que um modelo infinito e contínuo os descreva bem. Foram analisados Skyrmions em redes livres de impurezas bem como sua interação com defeitos magnéticos, campos magnéticos externos e outras excitações do mesmo tipo na rede. Em especial foi analisada também a formação de cristais de skyrmions devido a interação entre excitações e sua consequente auto-organização. O estudo destes foi feito através de métodos computacionais de Dinâmica de Spins utilizando-se integradores do tipo Preditor-Corretor. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o modelo proposto se ajusta aos modelos teóricos contínuos no limite termodinâmico. Ainda assim, foram encontrados vários fenômenos novos para redes pequenas em que a dimensionalidade reduzida e discreteza do sistema pode gerar novas interações não previstas por modelos analíticos. Entre tais fenômenos podemos incluir a aniquilação de Skyrmions via impurezas, movimentação de skyrmions por campos aplicados e energias de interação inter-skyrmions. Tais simulações são de grande importância visto que recentemente foi demonstrado [1–4] que redes hexagonais de Skyrmions podem se formar em filmes finos e podem ser detectadas experimentalmente [5–11]. Considerando a área de memórias magnéticas de alta densidade, quasi-partı́culas estáveis como skyrmions seriam de grande aplicação prática [12].
Such lattices are a good approximation to real low dimensional magnetic materials because those, often, have impurities, discrete defects and strong border effects. Therefore, an infinite and continuous model would not be able to precisely describe such real magnetic materials. We have analised skyrmions inside defect-free lattices as well as magnetical impurities interactions, external aplied magnetic fields and interactions with other excitations of the same kind. Especifically we studied the formation of skyrmions crystals due to skyrmion interaction, and the eventual auto-organization of these lattices. Such study was taken by computational methods using spin dynamics. To this end, a Preditor-Corretor integrador was used. The obtained results shows that the proposed model adjusts to analytical theoretical models in the thermodynamics limit. Yet we observed various phenomena that weren’t present in the continuous theory. Skyrmions annihilation by magnetic defects, skyrmion motion due to magnetic fields and skyrmion-skyrmion interaction are some of those. These simulations are of great importance noticing that it was directly observed [1–4] recently that hexagonal skyrmion lattices can be found in thin films and be experimentally detected [5–11]. Considering the high-density magnetic memories area stable skyrmionic excitations would be of great interest [12].
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Wood, Stephen William. "Skyrmions and nuclei." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252183.

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Krusch, Steffen. "Structure of skyrmions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621100.

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Silva-Lobo, Jorge Ivan. "Lattices of generalized Skyrmions." Thesis, Durham University, 2011. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3228/.

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Generalized Skyrme systems are those which include both the Skyrme and the Skyrme-Faddeev models through an interpolating parameter \alpha \in [0,1] the former corresponds to \alpha=0 and the latter to \alpha=1. Our numerical and analytical investigations centre around the \alpha=0 Skyrme crystal, its deformations, and its behaviour and symmetries as a function of \alpha, called the generalized Skyrme crystal. We show that a double square lattice emerges when the Skyrme crystal is deformed in a certain limit; we compare its energy with the one corresponding to a double hexagonal lattice and show that it has a lower energy-per-charge than its hexagonal counterpart. On the other hand, vortex-like structures with two 1-vortices (vortices of order 1) and two 1-antivortices, denoted V+AV+V+AV, appear when the Skyrme crystal is deformed in a different limit, as well as when the generalized Skyrme crystal is taken close to the Skyrme-Faddeev limit. This leads us to the study of generalized V+AV and V+AV+V+AV configurations, as a function of \alpha. We show that when these configurations are stacked in the axial direction, they exhibit some winding and linking properties as they are taken close to the Skyrme-Faddeev limit, where the V+AV+V+AV configurations appear to be more stable than their V+AV counterparts. Finally, the study of such configurations led to the discovery of two crystalline solutions whose properties are investigated in some detail: a 2-vortex/2-antivortex pair, denoted 2V+2AV, and a “multi-sheet” solution, both of which have a lower energy-per-charge than the V+AV+V+AV solution, in the Skyrme-Faddeev limit.
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Jennings, Paul Robert. "Knots and planar Skyrmions." Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11161/.

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In this thesis the research presented relates to topological solitons in (2+1) and (3+1)-dimensional Skyrme theories. Solutions in these theories have topologically invariant quantities which results in stable solutions which are topologically distinct from a vacuum. In Chapter 2 we discuss the broken baby Skyrme model, a theory which breaks symmetry to the dihedral group D_N. It has been shown that the unit soliton solution of the theory is formed of N distinct peaks, called partons. The multi-soliton solutions have already been numerically simulated for N = 3 and were found to be related to polyiamonds. We extend this for higher values of N and demonstrate that a polyform structure continues. We discuss our numerical simulations studying the dynamics of this model and show that the time dependent behaviour of solutions in the model can be understood by considering the interactions of individual pairs of partons. Results of these dynamics are then compared with those of the standard baby Skyrme model. Recently it has been demonstrated that Skyrmions of a fixed size are able to exist in theories without a Skyrme term so long as the Skyrmion is located on a domain wall. In Chapter 3 we present a (2+1)-dimensional O(3) sigma model, with a potential term of a particular form, in which such Skyrmions exist. We numerically compute domain wall Skyrmions of this type. We also investigate Skyrmion dynamics so that we can study Skyrmion stability and the scattering of multi-Skyrmions. We consider scattering events in which Skyrmions remain on the same domain wall and find they are effectively one-dimensional. At low speeds these scatterings are well-approximated by kinks in the integrable sine-Gordon model. We also present more exotic fully two-dimensional scatterings in which Skyrmions initially on different domain walls emerge on the same domain wall. The Skyrme-Faddeev model is a (3+1)-dimensional non-linear field theory that has topological soliton solutions, called hopfions. Solutions of this theory are unusual in that that they are string-like and take the form of knots and links. Solutions found to date take the form of torus knots and links of these. In Chapter 4 we show results which address the question of whether any non-torus knot hopfions exist. We present a construction of fields which are knotted in the form of cable knots to which an energy minimisation scheme can be applied. We find static hopfions of the theory which do not have the form of torus knots, but instead take the form of cable and hyperbolic knots. In Chapter 5 we consider an approximation to the Skyrme-Faddeev model in which the soliton is modelled by elastic rods. We use this as a mechanism to study examples of particular knots to attempt to gain an understanding of why such knots have not been found in the Skyrme-Faddeev model. The aim of this study is to focus the search for appropriate rational maps which can then be applied in the Skyrme-Faddeev model. The material presented in this thesis relates to two published papers and corresponding to Chapters 2 and 3 respectively, which were done as part of a collaboration. In this thesis my own results are presented. Chapter 4 concerns material which relates to the preprint which is all my own work. Chapter 5 discusses my own ongoing work.
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Leblond, Frédéric. "Quantification rigide de skyrmions déformés." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0006/MQ33694.pdf.

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Lau, Pak Hang. "Construction and quantisation of skyrmions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709100.

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Halcrow, Christopher James. "Skyrmions : beyond rigid body quantisation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/269290.

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In the Skyrme model, nuclei are described as topological solitons known as Skyrmions. To make contact with nuclear data one must quantise these Skyrmions; most calculations to date have used rigid body quantisation, where the Skyrmions are allowed to rotate but remain rigid. The method reproduces some experimental results for light nuclei but there are some contradictions with data. In this thesis we study a more sophisticated quantisation scheme where the Skyrmions may deform, called vibrational quantisation, in the hope of fixing some of these problems. Vibrational quantisation is applied to the dodecahedral $B=7$ Skyrmion, which models Lithium-$7$. Using rigid body quantisation, the Skyrme model predicts a spin $\frac{7}{2}$ ground state while in reality the Lithium-$7$ nucleus ground state has spin $\frac{3}{2}$. We show that a quantisation which includes a $5$-dimensional vibrational manifold of deformed Skyrme configurations remedies this problem, giving the correct ground state spin. Further, the model leads to a robust prediction that the ground state of the nucleus has a larger root mean square matter radius than the second quantum state, in contrast with standard nuclear models. We consider the vibrational modes of the tetrahedral $B=16$ Skyrmion, to describe Oxygen-$16$. Motivated by Skyrme dynamics, a special $2$-dimensional submanifold of configurations is constructed. We study the manifold in detail by modelling it as a $6$-punctured sphere with constant negative curvature. The Schr\"odinger equation is solved on the sphere and the results give an excellent fit to the experimental energy spectrum. The model describes an energy splitting between certain states with equal spins but opposite parities, which is hard to explain in other models. We also find the first ever isospin $0$, spin-parity $0^-$ state in the Skyrme model. A method to calculate electromagnetic transition rates between states is formulated and then applied to our system. By considering a special type of Skyrme configuration, where a single Skyrmion orbits a large core, we show that the Skyrme model can reproduce a classical spin-orbit force due to the structure of the Skyrme fields. We quantise this model to try and find out if the classical picture holds quantum mechanically.
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Lian, Yunlong. "Skyrmions in quantum Hall systems." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS308/document.

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Dans cette thèse, j’étudie les skyrmions dans le ferromagnétique SU(4) d’effet Hall quantique. Les skyrmions sont des textures localisées dans les systèmes ferromagnétiques. La monocouche de graphène dans un fort champ magnétique peut être considérée comme un ferromagnétique avec le spin électronique et le pseudospin de vallée de Dirac. Les niveaux de Landau associés à des spins et des vallées différentes sont proches en l’énergie et forment des groupes bien séparés. Dans un groupe, l’interaction de Coulomb montre forme invariance de SU(4). Le modèle de skyrmions utilisé dans cette thèse est une théorie de champ classique et statique obtenue à partir du principe variationnel. Le modèle comporte des paramètres phénoménologiques, qui dépendent des substrats et d’autres paramètres expérimentaux. Sur la base de l’analyse de symétrie, nous proposons un ansatz pour les skyrmions au quart de remplissage et à la moitié du remplissage du niveau de Landau N = 0 de la monocouche de graphène. La minimisation de l’énergie du skyrmion unique est ensuite effectuée pour déterminer les paramètres dans l’ansatz de skyrmion ansatz, ce qui entraîne différents types de skyrmions spin-valley aux deux facteurs de remplissage. Des grands skyrmions sont identifiés dans certaines gammes des paramètres phénoménologiques, où l’arrière-plan ferromagnétique du skyrmion subit une transition de phase. Les ondes de spin-vallée monomode sont également analysées pour caractériser le ferromagnétique SU(4) d’effet Hall quantique. Un exemple particulier montre l’instabilité de l’état fondamental ferromagnétique
This thesis studies skyrmions in the SU(4) quantum Hall ferromagnet. Skyrmions are localized textures in ferromagnetic systems. The graphene monolayer in a strong magnetic field can be viewed as a ferromagnet with electron spin and Dirac-valley pseudospin – Landau levels with different spin and valley are close in energy and form well-separated groups. Within one group, the Coulomb interaction has a manifest SU(4)-invariant form. The model of skyrmions used in this thesis is a classical, static field theory obtained from the variational principle. The model has phenomenological parameters, which depend on substrates and other experimental settings. Based on symmetry analysis, I propose the ansatz for skyrmions at quarter-filling and halffilling of the N = 0 Landau level in graphene monolayer. Energy minimization of single skyrmions is then performed to determine the parameters in the skyrmion ansatz, resulting in different types of spin-valley skyrmions at both filling factors. Large skyrmions are identified in certain ranges of the phenomenological parameters, where the ferromagnetic background of the skyrmion undergoes a phase transition. Single-mode spin-valley waves are also analyzed to characterize the SU(4) quantum Hall ferromagnet. A particular example shows instability of the ferromagnetic ground state
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Chess, Jordan J. "Mapping Topological Magnetization and Magnetic Skyrmions." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10684160.

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A 2014 study by the US Department of Energy conducted at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory estimated that U.S. data centers consumed 70 billion kWh of electricity. This represents about 1.8% of the total U.S. electricity consumption. Putting this in perspective 70 billion kWh of electricity is the equivalent of roughly 8 big nuclear reactors, or around double the nation's solar panel output. Developing new memory technologies capable of reducing this power consumption would be greatly beneficial as our demand for connectivity increases in the future. One newly emerging candidate for an information carrier in low power memory devices is the magnetic skyrmion. This magnetic texture is characterized by its specific non-trivial topology, giving it particle-like characteristics. Recent experimental work has shown that these skyrmions can be stabilized at room temperature and moved with extremely low electrical current densities. This rapidly developing field requires new measurement techniques capable of determining the topology of these textures at greater speed than previous approaches. In this dissertation, I give a brief introduction to the magnetic structures found in Fe/Gd multilayered systems. I then present newly developed techniques that streamline the analysis of Lorentz Transmission Electron Microscopy (LTEM) data. These techniques are then applied to further the understanding of the magnetic properties of these Fe/Gd based multilayered systems.

This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished co-authored material.

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Books on the topic "Skyrmions"

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Han, Jung Hoon. Skyrmions in Condensed Matter. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69246-3.

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Seki, Shinichiro, and Masahito Mochizuki. Skyrmions in Magnetic Materials. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24651-2.

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Desplat, Louise. Thermal Stability of Metastable Magnetic Skyrmions. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66026-0.

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Zhang, Shilei. Chiral and Topological Nature of Magnetic Skyrmions. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98252-6.

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Jack, R. O. Skyrmions, effective lagrangians and the nucleon-nucleon interaction. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1986.

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Agop, Maricel, and Nicolae Mazilu. Skyrmions: A great finishing touch to classical Newtonian philosophy. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publisher, 2012.

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Yokouchi, Tomoyuki. Magneto-transport Properties of Skyrmions and Chiral Spin Structures in MnSi. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9385-4.

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Workshop on Skyrmions and Anomalies (1987 Krakow, Poland). Workshop on Skyrmions and Anomalies: Krakow, Poland, 20-24 February 1987. Singapore: World Scientific, 1987.

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Workshop on Skyrmions and Anomalies (1987 Kraków, Poland). Workshop on Skyrmions and Anomalies: Kraków, Poland, 20-24 February 1987. Edited by Jeźabek M and Praszałowicz M. Singapore: World Scientific Pub. Co., 1987.

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The multifaceted skyrmion. New Jersey: World Scientific, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Skyrmions"

1

Dai, Yingying, Han Wang, and Zhidong Zhang. "Chapter 1 Topology of Magnetic Domains." In Skyrmions, 1–32. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315284170-2.

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Luo, Hubin, Weixing Xia, Haifeng Du, and J. Ping Liu. "Chapter 2 Experimental Observation of Magnetic Skyrmions." In Skyrmions, 33–62. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315284170-3.

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Roy, Sujoy, Matthew Langner, and James Lee. "Chapter 3 Resonant X-Ray Scattering Studies on Skyrmions." In Skyrmions, 63–82. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315284170-4.

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Sun, Liang, Bingfeng Miao, and Haifeng Ding. "Chapter 4 Artificial Two-Dimensional Magnetic Skyrmions." In Skyrmions, 83–122. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315284170-5.

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Chen, Gong, Andreas Schmid, and Yizheng Wu. "Chapter 5 Imaging and Tailoring Chiral Spin Textures Using Spin-Polarized Electron Microscopy." In Skyrmions, 123–44. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315284170-6.

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Huang, Sunxiang, and Chia-Ling Chien. "Chapter 6 Epitaxial Thin Films of the Cubic B20 Chiral Magnets." In Skyrmions, 145–72. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315284170-7.

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Du, Haifeng, Chiming Jin, and Mingliang Tian. "Chapter 7 Formation and Stability of Individual Skyrmions in Confined Geometries." In Skyrmions, 173–210. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315284170-8.

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Büttner, Felix, and Mathias Kläui. "Chapter 8 Magnetic Skyrmion Dynamics." In Skyrmions, 211–38. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315284170-9.

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Praszałowicz, M. "Strange Skyrmions." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 133–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73473-1_13.

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Jena, Jagannath. "Magnetic Skyrmions." In Discovery of Co-existing Non-collinear Spin Textures in D2d Heusler Compounds, 5–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-03910-2_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Skyrmions"

1

Feist, Dankrad T. J., and Chris P. H. Lau. "Skyrmions." In NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS 2012. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4764225.

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KLEIHAUS, BURKHARD, THEODORA IOANNIDOU, and JUTTA KUNZ. "GRAVITATING MULTI-SKYRMIONS." In Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812834300_0399.

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Torres, Marcus A. C. "Towards relativistic skyrmions." In 7th International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.175.0020.

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Battye, Richard A., Mareike Haberichter, Theodore E. Simos, George Psihoyios, Ch Tsitouras, and Zacharias Anastassi. "Classically Spinning Skyrmions." In NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS ICNAAM 2011: International Conference on Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3636815.

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Ioannidou, Theodora, and Olaf Lechtenfeld. "Noncommutative Baby Skyrmions." In Corfu Summer Institute on Elementary Particles and Physics - Workshop on Non Commutative Field Theory and Gravity. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.127.0020.

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Seki, S. "Magnetoelectric skyrmions in multiferroics." In 2015 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intmag.2015.7157621.

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Zang, J. "Individual skyrmions in helimagnets." In 2015 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intmag.2015.7157620.

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Manton, Nicholas S., Theodore E. Simos, George Psihoyios, Ch Tsitouras, and Zacharias Anastassi. "Skyrmions—Construction and Applications." In NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS ICNAAM 2011: International Conference on Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3636818.

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Manton, N. S., Matko Milin, Tamara Niksic, Suzana Szilner, and Dario Vretenar. "Nuclear Spectra from Skyrmions." In NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS ’09: Proceedings of the International Conference. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3232080.

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WALET, NIELS R., OLIVER SCHWINDT, and TOM WEIDIG. "SKYRMIONS IN QUANTUM HALL SYSTEMS." In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812777843_0008.

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Reports on the topic "Skyrmions"

1

Zang, Jiadong. Interfacial Magnetic Skyrmions and Proximity Effects. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1573813.

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Lin, Shizeng, Sean Michael Thomas, and Priscila Ferrari Silveira Rosa. Design principles for skyrmions in f-electron materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1496735.

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Reichhardt, Cynthia. Skyrmions in Chiral Magnets, Liquid Crystals, and Beyond. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1764165.

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Saxena, Avadh. Skyrmions, Merons & Monopoles: Topological Excitations in Chiral Magnets. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1179836.

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Mattis, Michael Perelman. Systematics of Meson Skyrmion Scattering. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1454011.

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Mattis, M. P. Systematics of meson-Skyrmion scattering. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6006244.

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Saxena, Avadh. Skyrmion is the limit: Twisted topological excitations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1104913.

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Lin, Shizeng. Annual Report on Numerical Study of Skyrmion Physics in Chiral Magnets. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1188165.

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Beach, Geoffrey. Interface-Driven Chiral Magnetism in Ultrathin Metallic Ferromagnets: Towards Skyrmion Spintronics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1765620.

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Lin, Shizeng. Annual Report on Numerical Study of Skyrmion Physics in inversion-symmetric magnets. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1338787.

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